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Academic literature on the topic 'Calcification aortique'
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Journal articles on the topic "Calcification aortique"
Gayrard, N., C. Guzman, M. Tournier, S. Rebuffat, R. Gomis, A. Lajoix, A. Argilès, S. Peraldi-Roux, and B. Jover. "P22 Calcification aortique ex vivo : susceptibilité en fonction du déréglement glucidique chez le rat." Diabetes & Metabolism 40 (March 2014): A35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1262-3636(14)72316-x.
Full textBouvier, P., and A. Robert. "« Calcificateurs » lents et rapides en dialyse : suivi sur 3 ans des calcifications aortiques par la méthode de Kauppila." Néphrologie & Thérapeutique 9, no. 5 (September 2013): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nephro.2013.07.123.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Calcification aortique"
Ruffenach, Olivier. "La valvuloplastie aortique percutanée : à propos d'une série consécutive de 52 rétrécissements aortiques calcifiés chez le sujet âgé." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR1M053.
Full textDesprés, Audrey-Anne, and Audrey-Anne Després. "Lipoprotéine(a) et microcalcification de la valve aortique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/38301.
Full textLa sténose aortique (SA) est la maladie valvulaire la plus fréquente dans notre société. Elle est caractérisée par un remodelage fibrocalcique conduisant à une obstruction progressive du flux sanguin. La lipoprotéine(a) (Lp[a]), une lipoprotéine similaire à la lipoprotéine de faible densité, est un facteur de risque génétique fortement associé à la SA. Malheureusement, les concentrations plasmatiques de Lp(a) sont très peu influencées par des facteurs extrinsèques, tels qu’un régime alimentaire ou une médication hypolipidémiante. Des études suggèrent que la Lp(a) serait associée aux processus de calcification dans le développement de la SA. La tomographie par émission de positons couplée à la tomographie axiale permet de détecter le processus précoce lié à calcification de la valve aortique. En effet, cette technique d’imagerie nucléaire permet d’identifier et de quantifier la microcalcification au niveau de la valve aortique, un marqueur fortement lié au développement futur de calcium. L’impact de la Lp(a) sur la microcalcification de la valve aortique n’a jamais été évalué. La mesure de la microcalcification chez des individus sans SA ayant des concentrations plus ou moins élevées de Lp(a) a été effectuée. Notre hypothèse était que les individus ayant des concentrations élevées de Lp(a) ont une microcalcification plus élevée, lorsque comparée aux individus ayant des concentrations plus faibles de Lp(a). Les résultats de cette étude ont révélé que les individus sans SA mais ayant des concentrations élevées de Lp(a) présentent une microcalcification plus importante que les individus ayant de plus faibles concentrations de Lp(a). La réalisation de ce projet de recherche nous a permis d’observer cliniquement un processus actif de calcification chez des individus avec des concentrations élevées de Lp(a), et ce, malgré l’absence clinique de la maladie, illustrant l’importance de cette lipoprotéine dans le développement de la SA.
Aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common valve disease in our society. It is characterized by fibrocalcific remodelling leading to progressive obstruction of blood flow. Lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]), a lipoprotein similar to low-density lipoprotein, is a genetic risk factor strongly associated with AS. Plasma concentrations of Lp(a) are very little influenced by extrinsic factors, such as diet or lipid-lowering medication. Studies suggest that Lp(a) would be associated with calcification processes in the development of AS. Positron emission tomography coupled with computed tomography allows the early process related to calcification of the aortic valve to be detected. This nuclear imaging technique identifies and quantifies microcalcification at the aortic valve, a marker strongly linked to the future development of calcium. The impact of Lp(a) on aortic valve microcalcification has never been evaluated. Microcalcification measurements in individuals without AS with high or low concentrations of Lp(a) were performed. Our hypothesis was that individuals with high concentrations of Lp(a) have higher microcalcification when compared to individuals with lower concentrations of Lp(a). The results of this study revealed that individuals without AS but with high concentrations of Lp(a) have a higher microcalcification than individuals with lower concentrations of Lp(a). The completion of this research project allowed us to observe clinically an active calcification process in individuals with high concentrations of Lp(a) despite the clinical absence of the disease, illustrating the importance of this lipoprotein in the development of AS.
Aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common valve disease in our society. It is characterized by fibrocalcific remodelling leading to progressive obstruction of blood flow. Lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]), a lipoprotein similar to low-density lipoprotein, is a genetic risk factor strongly associated with AS. Plasma concentrations of Lp(a) are very little influenced by extrinsic factors, such as diet or lipid-lowering medication. Studies suggest that Lp(a) would be associated with calcification processes in the development of AS. Positron emission tomography coupled with computed tomography allows the early process related to calcification of the aortic valve to be detected. This nuclear imaging technique identifies and quantifies microcalcification at the aortic valve, a marker strongly linked to the future development of calcium. The impact of Lp(a) on aortic valve microcalcification has never been evaluated. Microcalcification measurements in individuals without AS with high or low concentrations of Lp(a) were performed. Our hypothesis was that individuals with high concentrations of Lp(a) have higher microcalcification when compared to individuals with lower concentrations of Lp(a). The results of this study revealed that individuals without AS but with high concentrations of Lp(a) have a higher microcalcification than individuals with lower concentrations of Lp(a). The completion of this research project allowed us to observe clinically an active calcification process in individuals with high concentrations of Lp(a) despite the clinical absence of the disease, illustrating the importance of this lipoprotein in the development of AS.
EHRHARD, MENNETRIER VERONIQUE. "Valvuloplastie aortique percutanee par ballonnet dans le retrecissement aortique calcifie de l'adulte : a propos de 35 patients." Reims, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989REIMM046.
Full textJobic, Yannick. "Valvuloplastie aortique transluminale percutanée dans le rétrécisement aortique calcifié, expérience brestoise à propos de 32 cas." Brest, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BRES3042.
Full textRosa, Mickael. "Athérosclérose et sténose valvulaire aortique : implication des macrophages et des cellules interstitielles de valve dans les calcifications cardiovasculaires." Thesis, Lille 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL2S046.
Full textCardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the most often outcome of atherosclerosis processes. CVD are the first leading cause of death rate with an increasing incidence due to ageing populations and expansion of risk factors such as diabetes mellitus or obesity. Aortic valve stenosis (AVS) is the most frequent valvulopathy in developed countries sharing common points with vascular atherosclerosis. More than only risk factors, valvular and vascular lesions share common pathophysiological processes implicated in the development of the disease such as inflammation, fibrosis, angiogenesis and calcification. This last process appears in late stages of atherosclerosis diseases and play critical roles via implication in plaque stability or thickening of the aortic valve. Macrophages are cells deriving from infiltrated monocytes, playing an important role in the inflammatory state of lesions via classical (M1) or alternative phenotypes (M2) phenotypes. Nevertheless, this dichotomy does not reflect completely the variety of their plasticity and different phenotypes induced by the microenvironment of monocytes/macrophages (lipid riche zone, iron riche zone or calcium rich zone). In the aortic valve, valvular interstitial cells (VIC) are the most prominent cell type found in the aortic valve. These cells play a major role not only in the valve tissue homeostasis but also in the calcification processes leading to AVS. In a first part, the aim of this thesis is to elucidate the ability of macrophages to differentiate into osteoclasts, cell type responsible for bone matrix remodeling, inside atherosclerosis plaques. In a second part, this work will focus on the calcification processes occurring in the aortic valve via the study of the role of leptin in valvular calcification (association study) and then in a transcriptomic analysis of VIC isolated from calcified versus non calcified aortic valves (genome-wide expression study). Our results about macrophages show that ex vivo cell surrounding vascular calcification are alternative M2 macrophages. In vitro, these cells are no able to differentiate into true osteoclasts nor to resorb calcium deposits. Concerning the role of leptin on VIC, the results show that serum leptin is higher in patients with AVS, leptin and its receptors are expressed in the aortic valves and leptin enhances the osteoblast différenciation of VIC in an Akt and ERK dependant manner. Finally, the transcriptomic analysis allowed to highlight a new pathway deregulated in VIC. This enzyme is underexpressed in VIC isolated from calcified aortic valves and in the calcified zonesAbstract4of stenosed aortic valves. Otherwise, treating VIC with the product of this enzyme in a procalcifying medium inhibits calcification processes.This thesis highlights new insights into the calcification processes occurring in atherosclerosis lesions and calcified aortic valves. These results describe that M2 macrophages cannot differentiate into osteoclasts and reverse calcification formation inside atherosclerosis plaques. In parallel, it would be interesting to study the macrophages phenotypes surrounding calcium deposits in stenosed aortic valves. Then, it will be interesting to decipher the origin of leptin and its precise mechanism of action on VIC. Finally this work points out a new metabolic pathway implicated in the development of valvular calcification which could be a medical treatment of SVA
Shen, Mylène. "Impact du phénotype de la valve aortique et de l'âge sur la relation entre la calcification valvulaire aortique et la sévérité hémodynamique de la sténose aortique : étude PROGRESSA." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27147.
Full textAssessment of aortic stenosis (AS) by Doppler echocardiography leads to discordant severity grading in around 30% of patients. Computed tomography which measures aortic valve calcification, an indication of anatomic severity, can then be useful to corroborate AS severity. Previous studies have shown a good correlation between hemodynamic severity measured by Doppler echocardiography and anatomic severity defined by aortic valve calcification measured by computed tomography. However, the impact of aortic valve phenotype (bicuspid versus tricuspid) and age on this relation between hemodynamic severity and anatomic severity remains unknown. Yet, these two factors are highly implicated in AS development. Indeed, patients with a bicuspid aortic valve have a predisposition to develop AS, and this, generally earlier than patients with a tricuspid aortic valve. The main hypothesis of the study is that aortic valve phenotype and age influence the relationship between haemodynamic severity and aortic valve calcification of AS. The main objective of the study is to assess the impact of aortic valve phenotype and age on the relationship between haemodynamic severity and aortic valve calcification of AS.
MANDIER, VALERIE. "Les embolies calcaires spontanees des retrecissements aortiques calcifies." Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO1M357.
Full textTastet, Lionel. "L'hypertension artérielle systolique et la progression de la calcification valvulaire aortique chez les patients atteints de sténose aortique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26657.
Full textCalcific aortic stenosis is the most common cardiovascular disease in Western countries after coronary artery disease and hypertension. So far, there is no effective medical therapy able to stop or slow the progression of aortic stenosis. The only available treatments are surgical or transcatheter aortic valve replacement for patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis. In this context, it is crucial to develop efficient pharmaceutical therapy able to slow the stenosis progression and thus prevent such invasive intervention. In the past, aortic stenosis was thought to be a simple degenerative process of the aortic valve linked to aging. However, the advances performed during the last two decades showed that aortic stenosis is a highly complex and actively regulated disease, especially involving pathological processes close to atherosclerosis or arteriosclerosis. Furthermore, identified the key factors involved in the disease progression is essential to understand the pathogenesis of aortic stenosis. In this regard, hypertension is a common comorbidity of aortic stenosis and previous findings suggest that it may have an impact both on the development and progression of aortic stenosis. The primary hypothesis of this MSc project was that systolic hypertension, the most prevalent form of hypertension in patients with aortic stenosis, leads to faster progression of aortic valve calcification. Thus the main objective of this study was to assess the impact of systolic hypertension on the progression of aortic valve calcification assessed by multidetector computed tomography in patients with aortic stenosis.
Nguyen, Virginia. "Identification des déterminants de la progression et des marqueurs pronostiques dans le rétrécissement aortique." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC308.
Full textAortic valve stenosis (AS) is the most common valvular heart disease in Westerncountries AS (2%–7% of the population after 65 years old) for which valve replacement is theonly curative treatment. Current guidelines recommend surgery in patients with severe ASand either symptoms or left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVEF<50%). However,treatment of asymptomatic patients remains controversial due, on the one side, to the riskof sudden death without preceding symptoms and irreversible myocardial dysfunction and,on the other side, to the risk of surgery and prosthetic valve complications. Identifyingsubsets of asymptomatic AS patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction whomay benefit from early or prophylactic surgery is therefore a critical clinical challenge
Marcaggi, Xavier. "La valvuloplastie aortique percutanee a ballonnet : resultats a moyen terme, a propos d'une serie de 46 procedures." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988CLF11047.
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