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Journal articles on the topic 'Calcification'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Gade, Piyusha S., Riikka Tulamo, Kee-won Lee, et al. "Calcification in Human Intracranial Aneurysms Is Highly Prevalent and Displays Both Atherosclerotic and Nonatherosclerotic Types." Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 39, no. 10 (2019): 2157–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/atvbaha.119.312922.

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Objective: Although the clinical and biological importance of calcification is well recognized for the extracerebral vasculature, its role in cerebral vascular disease, particularly, intracranial aneurysms (IAs), remains poorly understood. Extracerebrally, 2 distinct mechanisms drive calcification, a nonatherosclerotic, rapid mineralization in the media and a slower, inflammation driven, atherosclerotic mechanism in the intima. This study aims to determine the prevalence, distribution, and type (atherosclerotic, nonatherosclerotic) of calcification in IAs and assess differences in occurrence b

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Li, Yuan, Changqiu Wang, Anhuai Lu, et al. "A Comparative Study of Pathological Nanomineral Aggregates with Distinct Morphology in Human Aortic Atherosclerotic Plaques." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 21, no. 1 (2021): 547–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2021.18449.

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Calcification exists in atherosclerotic plaques in the form of nanomineral aggregates and is closely related to the development of atherosclerosis. Spheroidal and massive calcification are two major types of calcification found in atherosclerotic tissue. However, the exact difference between these two types of calcification is still not clear. Samples composed entirely of spheroidal calcifications and massive calcifications were isolated from aortic atherosclerotic plaques and tested using both bulk and microscopic analysis techniques. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron mic

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Golüke, Nienke M. S., Enrico Meijer, Emiel A. van Maren, et al. "Amount and Distribution of Intracranial Calcification in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Primary Familial Brain Calcification." Neurology: Clinical Practice 13, no. 4 (2023): e200163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/cpj.0000000000200163.

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Background and ObjectivesIn clinical practice, it can be difficult to differentiate between intracranial calcifications related to primary familial brain calcification (PFBC) or aging. Also, little is known about the consequences of the amount of intracranial calcifications in patients with PFBC. Therefore, we aimed to compare the amount and distribution of intracranial calcifications in persons with PFBC with controls and between asymptomatic and symptomatic PFBC cases.MethodsThis was a case-control study including patients with PFBC and controls. Controls received a CT of the brain because o

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Vos, Annelotte, Aryan Vink, Remko Kockelkoren, et al. "Radiography and Computed Tomography Detection of Intimal and Medial Calcifications in Leg Arteries in Comparison to Histology." Journal of Personalized Medicine 12, no. 5 (2022): 711. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12050711.

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Calcifications are common in the tunica intima and tunica media of leg arteries. There is growing interest in medial arterial calcifications, as they may be modifiable with treatment. We aimed to investigate radiography and computed tomography (CT) for the detection and characterization of both types of arterial calcification in leg arteries in relation to histology. In a postmortem study we therefore investigated 24 popliteal and 24 tibial arteries. The reference standard was presence of arterial calcification and the dominance of intimal or medial calcification on histology. Radiographs and

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Yalçın, Eda Didem, and Mehmet Emin Doğan. "Cone-Beam CT Evaluation of Intracranial Physiological Calcifications by Age and Gender." Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 15, no. 1 (2025): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1201994.

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Objective: To assess the prevalence of physiological intracranial calcifications detected in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images in a group of Turkish population by age and gender. Methods: Full head CBCT images of 1000 patients (535 men, 465 women) with age range of 6-91 years were retrospectively analyzed. The presence of habenular, pineal gland, coroid plexus, petroclinoid ligament, interclinoid ligament, carotico-clinoid ligament, falx cerebri, tentorium cerebelli and basal ganglia calcifications were investigated by age groups and gender. Mann Whitney U test was used to calculate

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Wu, Baijian, Xuan Pei, and Zhi-Yong Li. "How Does Calcification Influence Plaque Vulnerability? Insights from Fatigue Analysis." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/417324.

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Background.Calcification is commonly believed to be associated with cardiovascular disease burden. But whether or not the calcifications have a negative effect on plaque vulnerability is still under debate.Methods and Results.Fatigue rupture analysis and the fatigue life were used to evaluate the rupture risk. An idealized baseline model containing no calcification was first built. Based on the baseline model, we investigated the influence of calcification on rupture path and fatigue life by adding a circular calcification and changing its location within the fibrous cap area. Results show tha

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PASYNKOV, DMITRY V., ALEXEI V. KRASILNIKOV, OLGA O. PASYNKOVA, IVAN V. KLYUSHKIN, and RUSLAN I. FATIKHOV. "ASSOCIATION OF BREAST VASCULAR CALCIFICATIONS AT MAMMOGRAPHY WITH GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT PATHOLOGY." Bulletin of Contemporary Clinical Medicine 17, suppl.1 (2024): 54–59. https://doi.org/10.20969/vskm.2024.17(suppl.1).54-59.

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Abstract. Introduction. Calcium deposits in the breast vessels can be related to the calcium absorption disturbances in the gastrointestinal tract. Aim is to assess the association of the gastrointestinal pathology risk in women with breast vascular calcifications found at mammography. Materials and Methods. We included 193 patients examined using mammography in 2018. They were then followed up to the year 2023 and divided into two groups: No-calcification group and detectable-calcification group. Gastrointestinal pathology was registered in patient medical records. Results and Discussion. In

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Sekimoto, Teruo, Takamasa Tanaka, Tatsuya Shiraki, Renu Virmani, and Aloke V. Finn. "How does atherosclerotic plaque become calcified, and why?" AIMS Medical Science 11, no. 4 (2024): 421–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/medsci.2024029.

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<p>Vascular calcification involves the crystallization of calcium/phosphate in the form of hydroxyapatoite in the extracellular matrix of the arterial wall. Vascular calcification is categorized into 3 main etiologies: (1) inflammatory/atherosclerotic (mostly intimal), (2) metabolic (mostly medial), and (3) genetic background (mostly medial). Several overlapping mechanisms trigger all three types of calcifications. Intimal coronary artery calcification simultaneously develops with the progression of atherosclerosis and has been recognized as a surrogate marker of atherosclerotic inflamma

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Sridhar, Sucheta, Yingyue Zhou, Adiljan Ibrahim, et al. "Targeting TREM2 signaling shows limited impact on cerebrovascular calcification." Life Science Alliance 8, no. 1 (2024): e202402796. http://dx.doi.org/10.26508/lsa.202402796.

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Brain calcification, the ectopic mineral deposits of calcium phosphate, is a frequent radiological finding and a diagnostic criterion for primary familial brain calcification. We previously showed that microglia curtail the growth of small vessel calcification via the triggering receptor expressed in myeloid 2 (TREM2) in thePdgfbret/retmouse model of primary familial brain calcification. Because boosting TREM2 function using activating antibodies has been shown to be beneficial in other disease conditions by aiding in microglial clearance of diverse pathologies, we investigated whether adminis

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Speelman, Lambert, Ajay Bohra, E. Marielle H. Bosboom, et al. "Effects of Wall Calcifications in Patient-Specific Wall Stress Analyses of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 129, no. 1 (2006): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2401189.

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It is generally acknowledged that rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) occurs when the stress acting on the wall over the cardiac cycle exceeds the strength of the wall. Peak wall stress computations appear to give a more accurate rupture risk assessment than AAA diameter, which is currently used for a diagnose. Despite the numerous studies utilizing patient-specific wall stress modeling of AAAs, none investigated the effect of wall calcifications on wall stress. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of calcifications on patient-specific finite element stress compu

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Wen, Jirui, Yali Miao, Shichao Wang, Ruijie Tong, Zhiwei Zhao, and Jiang Wu. "Calcification: A Disregarded or Ignored Issue in the Gynecologic Tumor Microenvironments." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 28, no. 3 (2018): 486–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/igc.0000000000001185.

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AbstractAlthough calcification in the gynecologic tumor microenvironments is a common phenomenon, doctors and researchers still disregard or ignore the issue. In fact, this change in the gynecologic tumor microenvironments is clinically significant and a number of studies have reported an association between calcification and gynecological tumor progression. In ovarian cancer, calcification is predominantly psammomatous and largely occurs in serous papillary ovarian tumors. In addition, calcification in ovarian cancer correlated with lower histologic grade and may indicate a poorer survival ra

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Zhou, Yuwen, and Qiu Meng. "Bevacizumab associated calcifications might be a prognostic marker in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (2020): e16108-e16108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e16108.

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e16108 Background: Cetuximab associated calcifications is a positive predictive factor in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). In patients with glioblastoma, bevacizumab-induced calcifications are also related to a better prognosis. However, tumor calcifications are rarely recognized in mCRC patients treated with bevacizumab. This study was to investigate the correlation between clinical outcome and calcification in mCRC who received bevacizumab and chemotherapy as the first-line treatment. Methods: A single retrospective cohort study was conducted with all diagnosed mCRC cases who received be

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Saba, Luca, Valentina Nardi, Riccardo Cau, et al. "Carotid Artery Plaque Calcifications: Lessons From Histopathology to Diagnostic Imaging." Stroke 53, no. 1 (2022): 290–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.121.035692.

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The role of calcium in atherosclerosis is controversial and the relationship between vascular calcification and plaque vulnerability is not fully understood. Although calcifications are present in ≈50% to 60% of carotid plaques, their association with cerebrovascular ischemic events remains unclear. In this review, we summarize current understanding of carotid plaque calcification. We outline the role of calcium in atherosclerotic carotid disease by analyzing laboratory studies and histopathologic studies, as well as imaging findings to understand clinical implications of carotid artery calcif

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Cetin, Turkhun, Gokce Cinar, Berna Ucan, Fulya Memis, Baris Irgul, and Sonay Aydin. "Incidental Calcifications of Carotid and Vertebral Arteries: Frequency and Associations in Pediatric Population." Diagnostics 15, no. 10 (2025): 1263. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15101263.

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Background: Calcifications in the carotid and vertebral arteries may be present on cranial and temporal bone CT imaging of pediatric patients. Few studies have investigated the frequency, location, and patterns of carotid artery calcifications in this age group. However, these studies are outdated and do not include data on the vertebral artery. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency, location, and pattern of incidental carotid and vertebral artery calcifications on cranial CT and temporal bone CT images in children under 15 years of age. We also aimed to investigate possible ass

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Schurgers, Leon J., Hermann Aebert, Cees Vermeer, Burkhard Bültmann, and Jan Janzen. "Oral anticoagulant treatment: friend or foe in cardiovascular disease?" Blood 104, no. 10 (2004): 3231–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2004-04-1277.

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Abstract Calcification is a common complication in cardiovascular disease and may affect both arteries and heart valves. Matrix γ-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla) protein (MGP) is a potent inhibitor of vascular calcification, the activity of which is regulated by vitamin K. In animal models, vitamin K antagonists (oral anticoagulants [OACs]) were shown to induce arterial calcification. To investigate whether long-term OAC treatment may induce calcification in humans also, we have measured the grade of aortic valve calcification in patients with and without preoperative OAC treatment. OAC-treated sub

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Olesen, Ping, Kirsten Nguyen, Lise Wogensen, Thomas Ledet, and Lars Melholt Rasmussen. "Calcification of human vascular smooth muscle cells: associations with osteoprotegerin expression and acceleration by high-dose insulin." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 292, no. 2 (2007): H1058—H1064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00047.2006.

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Arterial medial calcifications occur often in diabetic individuals as part of the diabetic macroangiopathy. The pathogenesis is unknown, but the presence of calcifications predicts risk of cardiovascular events. We examined the effects of insulin on calcifying smooth muscle cells in vitro and measured the expression of the bone-related molecule osteoprotegerin (OPG). Human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were grown from aorta from kidney donors. Induction of calcification was performed with β-glycerophosphate. The influence of insulin (200 μU/ml or 1,000 μU/ml) on calcification was judged

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Vieceli Dalla Sega, Francesco, Francesca Fortini, Paolo Severi, et al. "Cardiac Calcifications: Phenotypes, Mechanisms, Clinical and Prognostic Implications." Biology 11, no. 3 (2022): 414. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11030414.

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There is a growing interest in arterial and heart valve calcifications, as these contribute to cardiovascular outcome, and are leading predictors of cardiovascular and kidney diseases. Cardiovascular calcifications are often considered as one disease, but, in effect, they represent multifaced disorders, occurring in different milieus and biological phenotypes, following different pathways. Herein, we explore each different molecular process, its relative link with the specific clinical condition, and the current therapeutic approaches to counteract calcifications. Thus, first, we explore the p

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Museedi, Abdulrahman S., and Thierry H. Le Jemtel. "Mitral Annular Calcification-Related Valvular Disease: A Challenging Entity." Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 3 (2024): 896. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm13030896.

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Mitral valve annular calcification-related valvular disease is increasingly common due to the rising prevalence of age-related mitral annular calcifications. Mitral annular calcification alters the structure and function of the mitral valve annulus, which in turn causes mitral valve regurgitation, stenosis, or both. As it frequently coexists with comorbid conditions and overlapping symptoms, mitral annular calcification-related valvular disease poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. For instance, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction hinders the assessment of mitral valvular

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Firincioglulari, Mujgan, Secil Aksoy, Kaan Orhan, and Finn Rasmussen. "Comparison of Intracranial and Extracranial Carotid Artery Calcifications between Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients and Healthy Individuals: A Combined Cone-Beam Computed Tomography and Polysomnographic Study." Radiology Research and Practice 2022 (July 9, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1625779.

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Purpose. This study aimed to compare the presence and grades of intra- and extracranial carotid artery calcifications between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and non-OSA patients. Methods. CBCT records of 190 patients (95 OSA patients and 95 non-OSA patients) were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Patient demographic data, including age and gender for both study groups and body mass index (BMI), and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) for OSA patients were recorded. The presence of intra- and extracranial carotid artery calcifications and the number of calcifications were noted according to the gra

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Giambuzzi, I., G. Bonalumi, A. Maccarana, M. Naliato, F. Alamanni, and M. Zanobini. "TWO DECADES OF MITRAL VALVE REPAIR IN PATIENTS WITH SMALL CALCIFICATIONS: LONG-TERM OUTCOMES AND PROGNOSTIC FACTORS." Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine 25, Supplement 1 (2024): e4. https://doi.org/10.2459/01.jcm.0001096156.36031.12.

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Introduction: Mitral valve calcifications increase the complexity of valvular repair. Major calcifications have a known impact on the outcomes, while minor calcifications are less studied. We aim to define the role of minor mitral valve calcification on long term results of valvular repair. Methods: Retrospective study on patients who underwent mitral valve repair between 2001 and 2010. Patients who had a degenerative mitral valve disease, minor calcification at pre-operative echocardiogram confirmed at surgical inspection and no employment of decalcification techniques were included. A contro

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Wu, Jian-Hui, Wei Zeng, Ren-Guo Wu, Mei Wang, Fei Ye, and Min-Yi Fu. "Comparison of Ultrasonography and CT for Determining the Preoperative Benign or Malignant Nature of Thyroid Nodules: Diagnostic Performance According to Calcification." Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment 19 (January 1, 2020): 153303382094818. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533033820948183.

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Background: The present study was designed to investigate the presence or absence of calcification and whether calcification size affect the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography (US) and computed tomography (CT) in predicting the benign or malignant nature of thyroid nodules. Material and Methods: From May 2014 to April 2019, 445 patients underwent thyroid US and neck CT before thyroid surgery. In each case, US and CT were retrospectively examined by radiologists. We divided the patients into 3 groups according to the type of calcification: no calcification, microcalcification, and macrocalc

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Ferreira, Luciana Bueno, Etel Gimba, João Vinagre, Manuel Sobrinho-Simões, and Paula Soares. "Molecular Aspects of Thyroid Calcification." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 20 (2020): 7718. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21207718.

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In thyroid cancer, calcification is mainly present in classical papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and in medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), despite being described in benign lesions and in other subtypes of thyroid carcinomas. Thyroid calcifications are classified according to their diameter and location. At ultrasonography, microcalcifications appear as hyperechoic spots ≤ 1 mm in diameter and can be named as stromal calcification, bone formation, or psammoma bodies (PBs), whereas calcifications > 1 mm are macrocalcifications. The mechanism of their formation is still poorly understood. Mi

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Pagare, Jaishri, and Anza N.S. "SOFT TISSUE CALCIFICATIONS : ASERIES OF FOUR CASES." International Journal of Advanced Research 11, no. 01 (2023): 401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/16029.

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Heterotrophic calcificationsare pathologic calcifications of the soft tissue regiondue to any chronic inflammatory cause(dystrophic calcification) or by hypercalcemic states in the body(metastatic calcification) or due to any idiopathic cause. It is usually detected as an incidental finding and rarely appears symptomatic. Here we are presenting fewcase reports of patients with soft tissue calcifications that reported to the department of Oral Medicine andRadiology.

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Oh, Eunhye, Jeesu Min, Seon Hee Lim, et al. "Extraskeletal Calcifications in Children with Maintenance Peritoneal Dialysis." Childhood Kidney Diseases 25, no. 2 (2021): 117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3339/jkspn.2021.25.2.117.

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD)-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) is a common complication of CKD, often accompanied by extra-skeletal calcification in adult patients. As increased vascular calcification is predicted to increase cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, the revised Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes guidelines recommend avoiding calcium-containing phosphate chelators. However, extra-skeletal calcification is less commonly noticed in pediatric patients. Here, we report our experience of such a complication in pediatric patients receiving maintenance peritoneal dialysis. Ext

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Djuric, Petar, Nada Dimkovic, Georg Schlieper, et al. "Sodium thiosulphate and progression of vascular calcification in end-stage renal disease patients: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study." Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 35, no. 1 (2019): 162–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfz204.

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Abstract Background Sodium thiosulphate (NaTS) is mostly used in haemodialysis (HD) patients with calcific uraemic arteriolopathy. This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study assessed the effect of NaTS on progression of cardiovascular calcifications in HD patients. Methods From 65 screened patients, we recruited 60 patients with an abdominal aorta Agatston calcification score ≥100. Thirty patients were randomized to receive NaTS 25 g/1.73 m2 and 30 patients to receive 100 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride intravenously during the last 15 min of HD over a period of 6 months. The primary e

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Wang, Zhihong, Hao Zhang, Ping Zhang, Liang He, and Wenwu Dong. "Diagnostic Value of Ultrasound-detected Calcification in Thyroid Nodules." Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 43, no. 2 (2014): 102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v43n2p102.

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Introduction: This study analyses the diagnostic value of ultrasonography (US) detection for calcification in thyroid nodules. Materials and Methods: We analysed the preoperative US findings and clinical characteristics of 577 malignant and 3434 benign thyroid patients who underwent surgery in our hospital. Results: The malignant rate in patients with microcalcification hyperechoic and tiny calcification foci ≤2 mm in diameter was significantly higher than the non-calcification and other calcification group (P <0.001). The malignant rate in single calcification nodule was significantly high

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Yatzidis, Hippocrates, and Basil Agroyannis. "Sodium Thiosulfate Treatment of Soft -Tissue Calcifications in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 7, no. 4 (1987): 250–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089686088700700411.

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Five patients on maintenance hemo dialysis for more than five years, who had tumoral calcifications, were treated by sodium thiosulfate for three to IS months. Four patients with periarticular and soft-tissue calcifications achieved regression of varying degrees and the motion of the adjacent joints was considerably improved. The fifth patient had calcification of penis; sodium thiosulfate produced early relief of symptoms and later complete disappearance of the calcification.

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Bazhenova, D. A., O. S. Puchkova, E. A. Mershina, and V. E. Sinitsyn. "Evaluation of Breast Vascular Calcifications as a Predictor for Coronary Artery Calcification." Journal of radiology and nuclear medicine 102, no. 3 (2021): 196–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.20862/0042-4676-2021-102-3-196-202.

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Background. Cardiovascular diseases are one of the main causes of death among women, and current prevention paradigms may not be sufficient in this group. In this context, it has been suggested that the detection of breast vascular calcifications can improve the screening and assessment of the risk of cardiovascular diseases in apparently healthy women.Objective: to study the role of breast vascular calcifications as a potential predictor for coronary artery calcification. Material and methods. Examinations were made in 123 patients who underwent digital mammography and cardiac computed tomogr

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Freise, Christian, Ki Young Kim та Uwe Querfeld. "ALindera obtusilobaExtract Blocks Calcium-/Phosphate-Induced Transdifferentiation and Calcification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Interferes with Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 and Metalloproteinase-9 and NF-κB". Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/679238.

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Vascular calcifications bear the risk for cardiovascular complications and have a high prevalence among patients with chronic kidney disease. Central mediators of vascular calcifications are vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). They transdifferentiate into a synthetic/osteoblast-like phenotype, which is induced, for example, by elevated levels of calcium and phosphate (Ca/P) due to a disturbed mineral balance. An aqueous extract fromLindera obtusiloba(LOE) is known to exert antifibrotic and antitumor effects or to interfere with the differentiation of preadipocytes. Using murine and rat VSMC c

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Bhatt, Bhupendra Prasad. "Evaluation of intracranial physiological calcifications in Computed Tomography." Radiography Open 9, no. 1 in progress (2023): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7577/radopen.5205.

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Introduction: Intracranial physiological calcifications are not related to any pathological conditions, rather they are due to the normal deposition of calcium or iron in the different parts of the brain. Computed Tomography (CT) scan is superior to all other modalities in terms of sensitivity in the detection of intracranial physiological calcifications. The objective of the study was to evaluate the frequency and location of intracranial physiological calcifications and also study them according to age and gender. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study with a purposive sampling t

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Babu, Bincy, R. J. Hemalatha, A. Josephin Arockia Dhivya, T. R. Thamizhvani, and R. Chandrasekaran. "A comparative study on segmentation methods of micro calcification in mammogram." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.25 (2018): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.25.16571.

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The primary indication of breast cancer is the presence of calcification clusters. It is challenging and lengthy process for radiologists to identify and classify micro calcifications as non-cancerous or cancerous. In this proposed work, a novel method for the detection of micro calcification clusters in mammograms is explained that consists of two main sections. First, mammogram preprocessing is done. Second, micro calcification are segmented out. In preprocessing noise and label are removed as well as contrast is enhanced. Then various segmentation methods are used for comparison of calcific

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Goo, Hyung mo, Sang-Youl Yoon, and Seong-Hyun Park. "Fahr disease presenting with multiple cerebral calcifications." Journal of the Korean Society of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery 19, no. 1 (2023): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.52662/jksfn.2023.00038.

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Fahr disease, also known as idiopathic basal ganglion calcification, is a rare and genetically heterogeneous neurological disorder. Herein, we report a rare case of Fahr disease presenting with multiple cerebral calcifications. A 63-year-old woman presented with dizziness to a local clinic. Brain computed tomography performed on admission revealed multiple high-intensity lesions in both basal ganglia, both cerebellar hemispheres, and the left frontal lobe. In contrast, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed no prominent lesions on T2- and T1-weighted images, and there was no contrast en

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Sabau, Monica, Alexandra Comanescu, Teodor Maghiar, and Daniela Dinulescu. "Hypoparathyroidism diagnosed by neurological signs and widespread intracerebral calcifications." Romanian Journal of Neurology 9, no. 1 (2010): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjn.2010.1.8.

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Neurological signs associated with intracerebral calcifications require a complex management of calcium, phosphate and parathormone levels and search of a series of general and cerebral disease too. The mechanisms of intracerebral calcification in hypoparathyroidism are not completely known. Neurological signs associated with intracerebral calcification are very rarely the presenting symptoms of hypoparathyroidism. We present 2 cases in which the diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism was brought on by several neurological signs and widespread intracerebral calcification.

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Choi, Hang-Moon. "A case of extensive arterial calcification in the head and neck observed in panoramic radiography." Journal of Korean Dental Association 63, no. 2 (2025): 37–41. https://doi.org/10.22974/jkda.2025.63.2.002.

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Arterial calcification, which involves calcium deposits in the arterial walls, can be categorized into intimal and medial types. Intimal calcification is often linked to atherosclerotic plaques, while medial calcification is associ-ated with aging and hypercalcemia. This case involves a 52-year-old male with severe chronic kidney disease, who is undergoing dialysis treatment. Panoramic radiography revealed arterial calcifications in common carotid, external carotid, internal carotid, lingual, facial, superior labial, and maxillary arteries, bilaterally. Such findings on a panoramic radiograph

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Sio, Maria Christina D., Jacqueline Austine U. Uy, and Ronaldo G. Soriano. "Calcifications in Thyroid Ultrasonography and Thyroid Carcinoma." Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 29, no. 2 (2014): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32412/pjohns.v29i2.413.

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Background: Thyroid nodules are a common disease entity occurring in 5-10% of the general population and increasing with age. Their detection on ultrasonography ranges from 13% to 67%. Calcifications on ultrasound may occur in both benign and malignant diseases, but have been cited for increased risk of thyroid carcinoma.  Objective: To determine the association of calcifications found on thyroid ultrasonography and the different types of calcifications with thyroid carcinoma. Method: Study Design: Retrospective Study Setting: Tertiary Private Hospital Participant

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Hagar, Abdullah, Yijian Li, Xin Wei, et al. "Incidence, Predictors, and Outcome of Paravalvular Leak after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation." Journal of Interventional Cardiology 2020 (May 22, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8249497.

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Background. Paravalvular leak (PVL) is common after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and has been linked with worse survival. This study aimed to investigate the determinants and outcome of PVL after TAVI and determine the role of aortic valve calcification (AVC) distribution in predicting PVL. Methods and Results. This was a retrospective cohort study of 270 consecutive patients who underwent TAVI. Determinants and outcomes of ≥mild PVL were assessed. Matching rates of PVL jet with AVC distribution were calculated. AVC volume, larger annulus dimensions, and transvalvular peak ve

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Patil, Karthikeya, CJ Sanjay, Eswari Solayappan, and Namrata Suresh. "Facial, lingual, and infraorbital artery calcification: A rare incidental radiographic finding." European Journal of Anatomy 27, no. 3 (2023): 361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.52083/iyau7211.

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Identifying calcification of arteries in the head and neck region may aid in the diagnosis of advanced systemic conditions. In contrast, failure to recognize them can result in incorrect diagnoses and ineffective treatments. Radiographic analyses can be used to detect such calcifications. This report focuses on calcifications discovered in the facial, lingual, and infraorbital arteries following a routine dental care panoramic radiograph. This report is particularly notable because it is the second in the literature to highlight the calcification of all three arteries.

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Masoud, Mirzaie, Josefina Kusnirova, Johann Philipp Addicks, and Sheila Fatehpur. "Matrix-GLA-Protein and Vascular Calcification: Can Diet Influence the Consequences of Matrix GLA Protein Inactivation? A Review." International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science 6, no. 10 (2021): 678–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.23958/ijirms/vol06-i10/1235.

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In vascular calcification, as a physiological process, intimal arterial calcification (IAC) associated with increased cardiovascular risk is distinguished from medial arterial calcification (MAC) localized mainly in the lamina elatica interna, which are not only based on different pathophysiological mechanisms. They also lead to different cardiovascular diseases. While intimal arterial calcification involves inflammation and lipid accumulation, a calcification process similar to desmal ossification plays the main role in medial arterial calcification. In this context, the phenotype change of s

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Yamamoto, Ko, Masahiro Natsuaki, Takeshi Serikawa, Masanori Okabe, and Yusuke Yamamoto. "Nodular Calcification in Saphenous Vein Graft Successfully Treated by Percutaneous Coronary Intervention." Case Reports in Cardiology 2018 (November 8, 2018): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5138705.

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Nodular calcification is sometimes detected in the native coronary artery. However, it is very rare to find in a saphenous vein graft (SVG). We herein report a rare case of stable angina pectoris (AP) due to nodular calcification. A 75-year-old man who had previously undergone coronary artery bypass grafting was admitted to our hospital due to stable AP. On angiography, significant stenosis was detected in the proximal SVG. Based on the findings of coronary angiography and optical coherence tomography, a red thrombus was suspected at the culprit lesion. However, nodular calcification was also

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MINAMI, A., K. SUDA, K. KANEDA, and M. KUMAKIRI. "Extensive Subcutaneous Calcification of the Forearm in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus." Journal of Hand Surgery 19, no. 5 (1994): 638–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-7681(94)90134-1.

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We report two cases with long-standing systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who developed widespread calcification in subcutaneous tissue and peri-articular structures. To our knowledge only 26 case reports have appeared concerning this abnormality in SLE. However, there has been no report of calcification in an SLE patient in the literature of orthopaedic surgery. The calcifications of the forearm were marginally removed because of pain surrounding them. X-ray analysis revealed that the calcification was made of pure calcium phosphate.

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Berghout, Bernhard P., Federica Fontana, Fennika Huijben, et al. "Morphometry of Intracranial Carotid Artery Calcifications in Patients with Recent Cerebral Ischemia." Journal of Clinical Medicine 14, no. 10 (2025): 3274. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14103274.

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Background: Intracranial artery calcification detected on CT imaging is a recognized risk factor for ischemic cerebrovascular diseases, but the underlying etiology of this association remains unclear. Differences in objective morphometric characteristics of these calcifications may partially explain this association, yet these measurements are largely absent in the literature. We investigated intracranial artery calcification morphometry in patients with recent anterior ischemic stroke or TIA, assessing potential differences between calcifications in both intracranial carotid arteries (ICAs) l

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Pasynkov, D. V., E. А. Romanycheva, I. A. Egoshin, et al. "Automated differentiation of calcifications and their clusters on the mammography image: the outcomes of the computer aided diagnosis system module." Diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy 15, no. 3 (2024): 72–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.22328/2079-5343-2024-15-3-72-81.

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INTRODUCTION: Previously we developed the computer aided detection system (CAD) for mammography MammCheck II that increased the detection rate of small and difficult to detect breast carcinomas (BC). However this system was not specifically designed for calcification detection and discrimination. On the other hand, the calcifications had no influence on the CAD capability to detect BCs that appeared as a focal lesions.OBJECTIVE: To develop the approach for automated differentiation of benign and suspicious calcifications on the mammography images and assess its clinical value.MATERIALS AND MET

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Wasim Ijaz, Asim Qureshi, Naveed Iqbal, Eizza Niaz, Abid Hussain, and Ifham Khan Jadoon. "Frequency of posterior teeth that presented with pulpal calcifications after orthodontic treatment; a retrospective radiographic assessment." Professional Medical Journal 31, no. 05 (2024): 800–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2024.31.05.8013.

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Objective: To assess the pulpal calcification that was presented on radiographs after the completion of orthodontic treatment. Study Design: Retrospective Observational study. Setting: Department of Orthodontic, Ayub Medical College Abbottabad. Period: October 2023 to November 2023. Methods: Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the current study was carried out on patients who had reported and registered for orthodontic intervention within the previous five years and had case records from the orthodontics department available. A total of 670 case records were assessed for selecting

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Alcantara, Ethel H., Jae-Hee Kwon, Min-Kyung Kang, Young-Eun Cho, and In-Sook Kwun. "Zinc Deficiency Promotes Calcification in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Independent of Alkaline Phosphatase Action and Partly Impacted by Pit1 Upregulation." Nutrients 16, no. 2 (2024): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu16020291.

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Inorganic phosphate (Pi) is a critical determinant of calcification, and its concentration is regulated by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Pit1. ALP is a key regulator of osteogenic calcification and acts by modulating local inorganic phosphate (Pi) concentrations through hydrolyzing pyrophosphate in the extracellular matrix (ECM). Pit1, a sodium-dependent phosphate transporter, regulates calcification via facilitating phosphate uptake within the cells. To investigate whether zinc differentially regulates osteoblastic and vascular calcifications, we examined ALP activity and Pit1 in osteoblasti

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Rennenberg, Roger J. M. W., Bernard J. van Varik, Leon J. Schurgers, et al. "Chronic coumarin treatment is associated with increased extracoronary arterial calcification in humans." Blood 115, no. 24 (2010): 5121–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2010-01-264598.

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Abstract Vascular calcification is a marker of increased cardiovascular risk. Vitamin K–dependent matrix Gla protein (MGP) is important in inhibiting calcification. Because MGP activation is vitamin K dependent, we performed a cross-sectional study investigating the relationship between the use of vitamin K antagonists and extracoronary vascular calcification. From the Dutch thrombosis services we selected 19 patients younger than 55 years who had no other cardiovascular risk factors and who had used coumarins for more than 10 years, and compared these to 18 matched healthy controls. MGP was m

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Seime, Till, Asim Cengiz Akbulut, Moritz Lindquist Liljeqvist, et al. "Proteoglycan 4 Modulates Osteogenic Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation during Vascular Remodeling and Intimal Calcification." Cells 10, no. 6 (2021): 1276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10061276.

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Calcification is a prominent feature of late-stage atherosclerosis, but the mechanisms driving this process are unclear. Using a biobank of carotid endarterectomies, we recently showed that Proteoglycan 4 (PRG4) is a key molecular signature of calcified plaques, expressed in smooth muscle cell (SMC) rich regions. Here, we aimed to unravel the PRG4 role in vascular remodeling and intimal calcification. PRG4 expression in human carotid endarterectomies correlated with calcification assessed by preoperative computed tomographies. PRG4 localized to SMCs in early intimal thickening, while in advanc

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Serindere, Mehmet, and Gokhan Polat. "Intracranial physiological calcifications: A computed tomography study." Imaging, April 13, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/1647.2023.00114.

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AbstractBackground and aimIntracranial calcifications (ICs) occur when metals such as calcium or iron accumulate in blood vessels, glands or other structures related to the brain. They can be physiological or pathological. Currently, the most sensitive method for imaging IC is cranial computed tomography (CT). The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate physiological ICs and the co-existence of them by CT.Patients and methods1,000 cranial CT scans of patients were retrospectively evaluated. Pineal calcification, choroid plexus calcification, habenular calcification, petroclinoid ligame

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Imanaka, Takahiro, Kenichi FUJII, Rin Hoshina, et al. "Abstract 12487: Ex Vivo Assessments of Human Nodular Calcification: Optical Frequency Domain Imaging and Histopathology." Circulation 146, Suppl_1 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circ.146.suppl_1.12487.

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Introduction: It has been reported that a nodular calcification is associated with a calcified nodule and the reappearance of in-stent failure after percutaneous coronary intervention. Hypothesis: This study evaluated characteristics of nodular calcification on optical frequency domain imaging (OFDI) image in comparison to histopathology. Methods: One hundred and seven matched OFDI and histopathological cross-sections from 13 coronary arteries of 5 human autopsy hearts were evaluated. In histopathological assessment, a nodular calcification was defined as a fragmented calcification with accumu

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El-Sharkawy, Magdy Mohamed Saeed, Ahmed Hassan Mohamed El Thakaby, Reem Mohsen El Sharabasy, and Mahmoud Fathy Mohamed ElBahrawy. "Relation Between Matrix Gla Protein and Cardiac Vavular Calcifications in Haemodialysis Patients." QJM: An International Journal of Medicine 114, Supplement_1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcab100.080.

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Abstract Background Heart valve calcification was first described a century ago. Its pathologic features were first described by Dewitsky in 1910. Valvular heart disease is common in end-stage renal disease patients. The incidence of valvular heart disease is 5 times greater in dialysis patients than in the general population MGP plays a key role in the inhibition of tissue calcification, which was demonstrated in MGP-deficient mice Objective To detect the prevalence of cardiac valvular calcifications among end stage renal disease patients on prevalent haemodialysis and its relation to Matirx

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Rubin, Jeremy, Quy Cao, Yu Sakai, et al. "Association of Carotid Plaque Calcification Attenuation With Intraplaque Hemorrhage Volume: 3D‐Segmentation Analysis." Journal of Neuroimaging 35, no. 4 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1111/jon.70071.

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ABSTRACTBackground and PurposeDespite the high prevalence of plaque calcifications in carotid atherosclerosis, the association between morphologic and attenuation features of calcifications and intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) remains unclear.MethodsCalcific carotid plaques were identified on neck computed tomography angiographies (CTAs) from patients meeting criteria for embolic stroke of undetermined source. Plaque calcifications were manually segmented using 3D‐Slicer to quantify features, including volume and attenuation (Hounsfield Units [HU]). IPH volume (IPHvol) was quantified using a semi‐

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