Journal articles: 'Calcium sources'

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Fenster, Diane Lind. "Alternative Sources of Calcium." Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine 148, no. 6 (June 1, 1994): 660. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.1994.02170060114026.

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Gorshunov, N. M., D. A. Dolgolenko, Yu A. Muromkin, E. P. Potanin, and A. L. Ustinov. "ECR sources of calcium plasma." Instruments and Experimental Techniques 54, no. 1 (January 2011): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0020441211010155.

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Lee, Su A., L. Vanessa Lagos, Carrie L. Walk, and Hans H. Stein. "Standardized total tract digestibility of calcium varies among sources of calcium carbonate, but not among sources of dicalcium phosphate, but microbial phytase increases calcium digestibility in calcium carbonate1." Journal of Animal Science 97, no. 8 (May 20, 2019): 3440–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz176.

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Abstract Two experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of Ca and the response to microbial phytase is constant among different sources of Ca carbonate and that the STTD of Ca is constant among different sources of dicalcium phosphate (DCP) when fed to growing pigs. In Exp. 1, 80 pigs (initial BW: 19.0 ± 1.9 kg) were randomly allotted to 10 diets and 2 blocks with 4 pigs per diet in each block. Four sources of Ca carbonate were used, and each source was included in a diet without microbial phytase and a diet with microbial phytase (500 units/kg diet). Two Ca-free diets without or with microbial phytase were also formulated. Feed allowance was 2.7 times the maintenance energy requirement for ME and daily feed allotments were divided into 2 equal meals. The initial 4 d of each period were considered the adaptation period to the diets followed by 4 d of fecal collection using the marker-to-marker procedure. Pigs fed diets containing exogenous phytase had lower (P < 0.05) basal endogenous loss of Ca compared with pigs fed diets containing no phytase. There were no interactions between phytase and source of Ca carbonate. Values for STTD of Ca were greater (P < 0.05) for diets containing microbial phytase (77.3% to 85.4%) compared with diets without exogenous phytase (70.6% to 75.2%), and values for STTD of Ca differed (P < 0.05) among the 4 sources of Ca carbonate. In Exp. 2, 40 pigs (initial BW: 14.9 ± 1.3 kg) were allotted to a completely randomized design with 5 diets and 8 replicate pigs per diet. A basal diet in which all Ca was supplied by Ca carbonate was formulated. Three diets were formulated by adding 3 sources of DCP to the basal diet and a Ca-free diet was also used. Feeding and collection methods were as described for Exp. 1. Results indicated that values for STTD of Ca and ATTD of P were not different among diets, indicating that under the conditions of this experiment, the digestibility of Ca and P in DCP appears to be constant regardless of origin of DCP. In conclusion, use of microbial phytase reduces the basal endogenous loss of Ca and increases Ca digestibility in Ca carbonate. The STTD of Ca varies among sources of Ca carbonate, regardless of phytase inclusion, but that appears not to be the case for the STTD of Ca in different sources of DCP.

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Lee, Su A., Carrie L. Walk, and Hans H. Stein. "PSIII-18 Standardized total tract digestibility of Ca by growing pigs in different sources of calcium carbonate and dicalcium phosphate." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_2 (July 2019): 173–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz122.307.

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Abstract The objective was to test the hypothesis that standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of Ca and the response to microbial phytase is constant among different sources of calcium carbonate and different sources of dicalcium phosphate (DCP). In Exp. 1, 80 pigs (19.0 ± 1.9 kg) were placed in metabolism crates and randomly allotted to 10 diets. Four calcium carbonate-containing diets and a Ca-free diet were formulated without or with microbial phytase (500 units/kg diet). Feces were collected for 4 d after a 5 d adaptation period. Data were analyzed using a model that included calcium carbonate source, phytase, and the interaction between source and phytase as fixed effects and replicate as random effect. There were no interactions between phytase and source. The basal endogenous loss (BEL) of Ca from pigs fed phytase was less (P = 0.037) than from pigs fed no phytase. Values for STTD of Ca in calcium carbonate differed (P < 0.05) among the 4 sources, but increased (P < 0.05) if phytase was used (Table 1). In Exp. 2, 40 pigs (14.9 ± 1.3 kg) were allotted to a basal diet where all Ca was supplied by calcium carbonate, 3 diets containing calcium carbonate and DCP, and a Ca-free diet. Pigs were placed in metabolism crates and feces were collected as in Exp. 1. Data were analyzed using a model that included DCP-source as fixed effect and replicate as random effect. Results indicated that the STTD of Ca in DCP was not different among sources. In conclusion, use of microbial phytase reduces the BEL of Ca and increases Ca digestibility in calcium carbonate, but the STTD of Ca varies among sources of calcium carbonate. However, no difference in STTD of Ca among sources of DCP were observed.

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Ranhotra, G. S., J. A. Gelroth, S. D. Leinen, and F. E. Schneller. "Bioavailability of Calcium in Breads Fortified with Different Calcium Sources." Cereal Chemistry Journal 74, no. 4 (July 1997): 361–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/cchem.1997.74.4.361.

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Diana, Thiago Ferreira, Arele Arlindo Calderano, Fernando de Castro Tavernari, Horácio Santiago Rostagno, Alexandre de Oliveira Teixeira, and Luiz Fernando Teixeira Albino. "Age and Calcium Sources in Laying Hen Feed Affect Calcium Digestibility." Open Journal of Animal Sciences 11, no. 03 (2021): 501–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojas.2021.113034.

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7

Leelatawonchai, Panu, and Teerawat Laonapakul. "Preparation and Characterization of Calcium Sources from Golden Apple Snail Shell for Naturally Based Biomaterials." Advanced Materials Research 931-932 (May 2014): 370–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.931-932.370.

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The use of biogenic materials to produce naturally based biomaterials has been widely studied. In this study, heavy metal content, phase transformation and physical characterization of Golden Apple Snail shell were investigated for use as a calcium source in the production of naturally based biomaterials. In order to investigate phase transformation, Golden Apple Snail shell was calcined at 600 °C, 700 °C, 800 °C and 900 °C. Small amounts of As and Pb were found in raw Golden Apple Snail shell. Calcium carbonate (CaCO3, calcite) and calcium oxide (CaO) phases were observed in Golden Apple Snail shells after calcination at 600 °C and 800 °C. Fine white CaCO3 (calcite) and CaO powders were prepared after calcination of Golden Apple Snail shells. The CaCO3 (calcite phase) was completely transformed into a CaO phase at 800 °C. Phase transformation depended on calcination temperature and time.

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8

Graveland, J. "Avian eggshell formation in calcium-rich and calcium-poor habitats: importance of snail shells and anthropogenic calcium sources." Canadian Journal of Zoology 74, no. 6 (June 1, 1996): 1035–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z96-115.

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Most passerines depend on the intake of calcium-rich material in addition to their normal food for proper eggshell formation and skeletal growth. A large proportion of Great Tits (Parus major) in forests on nutrient-poor soils in the Netherlands produce eggs with defective shells as a result of calcium deficiency. Eggshell defects are much scarcer near human settlements and do not occur on nutrient-rich soils. I investigated this variation in eggshell quality by examining the use of calcium-rich material by the birds. The results show that calcium-rich items in nest material and droppings can be used as a measure of calcium consumption. Snail shells were the main calcium source in forests where eggshell defects did not occur. In forests where the tits exhibited calcium deficiency, snail shells were rarely taken and birds used anthropogenic calcium sources such as chicken grit and chicken eggshells. It was demonstrated that the dependence on snail shells and the use of alternatives such as anthropogenic calcium sources in areas where snails are scarce are general features of calcium intake among birds. Thus, calcium limitation may be a common phenomenon in avian reproduction on poor soils in countries less populous than the Netherlands.

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Serra, Maria Rosaria, Annarita Caldara, Maurizio Marra, Giuseppe Zacchia, Lisa Di Franco, Eufemia Silvestri, Franco Contaldo, Fabrizio Pasanisi, and Lidia Santarpia. "Dietary calcium sources in disease-specific diets." Nutritional Therapy & Metabolism 32, no. 2 (2014): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5301/ntm.2014.12382.

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10

Garcia-Lopez, S., and Gregory D. Miller. "Bioavailability of calcium from four different sources." Nutrition Research 11, no. 10 (October 1991): 1187–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0271-5317(05)80696-7.

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11

Hynicka, Justin D., Julie C. Pett-Ridge, and Steven S. Perakis. "Nitrogen enrichment regulates calcium sources in forests." Global Change Biology 22, no. 12 (June 21, 2016): 4067–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13335.

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12

Yip, Christina K., Grant C. Lukey, John L. Provis, and Jannie S. J. van Deventer. "Effect of calcium silicate sources on geopolymerisation." Cement and Concrete Research 38, no. 4 (April 2008): 554–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2007.11.001.

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13

Fawley, Jessica A., and Michael C. Andresen. "Distinct Calcium Sources Define Compartmentalized Synaptic Signaling Domains." Neuroscientist 25, no. 5 (August 2, 2019): 408–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073858419863771.

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Nervous system communication relies on neurotransmitter release for synaptic transmission between neurons. Neurotransmitter is contained within vesicles in presynaptic terminals and intraterminal calcium governs the fundamental step of their release into the synaptic cleft. Despite a common dependence on calcium, synaptic transmission and its modulation varies highly across the nervous system. The precise mechanisms that underlie this heterogeneity, however, remain unclear. The present review highlights recent data that reveal vesicles sourced from separate pools define discrete modes of release. A rich diversity of regulatory machinery may further distinguish the different forms of vesicle release, including presynaptic proteins involved in trafficking, alignment, and exocytosis. These multiple vesicle release mechanisms and vesicle pools likely depend on the arrangement of vesicles in relation to specific calcium entry pathways that create compartmentalized spheres of calcium influence (i.e., domains). This diversity permits release specialization. This review details examples of how individual neurons rely on multiple calcium sources and unique regulatory schemes to provide differential release and discrete modulation of neurotransmitter release from specific vesicle pools—as part of network signal integration.

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Jang, Se-Young, and Yong-Jin Jeong. "Calcium Ionization Characteristics and In vitro Bioavailability Derived from Natural Calcium Sources." Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 42, no. 4 (April 30, 2013): 497–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2013.42.4.497.

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15

Allevi, S., M. Marchi, F. Scotti, S. Bertini, and C. Cosentino. "Hydration of calcium sulphoaluminate clinker with additions of different calcium sulphate sources." Materials and Structures 49, no. 1-2 (January 9, 2015): 453–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1617/s11527-014-0510-5.

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Grichar, W. J., B. A. Besler, and H. A. Melouk. "Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) Response to Agricultural and Power Plant By-Product Calcium." Peanut Science 31, no. 2 (July 1, 2004): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/pnut.31.2.0007.

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Abstract Field studies were conducted at three locations in the south Texas peanut growing region to compare regular agricultural calcium with power plant byproduct calcium applied at planting or peanut pegging to runner peanut at rates of 560 to 1680 kg/ha. Both calcium sources decreased Rhizoctonia and Pythium pod disease development up to 62% when compared with the non-treated control and resulted in a yield increase over the non-treated control of up to 25%. When Rhizoctonia or Pythium was not a problem, no increase in peanut yield over the non-treated control was noted with any calcium application. Peanut grade (Total Sound Mature Kernels + Sound Splits) was increased at one location with the use of both calcium sources. Calcium, magnesium, and potassium content of foliage, hull, and kernel tissue was variable and was not related to calcium source.

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Leão, Ana Patricia Alves, Sandra Roseli Valerio Lana, Geraldo Roberto Quintão Lana, Romilton Ferreira Barros Junior, Daniela Silva Mendonça, and Thalis José Oliveira. "Digestibility and bioavailability of organic calcium sources for European quail." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 41, no. 6supl2 (November 6, 2020): 3275–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n6supl2p3275.

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The objective of this study was to determine the apparent and true digestibility coefficients and relative bioavailability of charru mussel, maçunim (Anomalocardia brasiliana) and oyster shells as organic calcium sources for meat quail. In the digestibility trial, 240 quail were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design with five diets (calcitic limestone, calcium carbonate and three marine calcium sources), five replicates and eight quails per experimental unit. The relative bioavailability of calcium was determined by the standard-curve and slope ratio methods in a growth trial in which 288 European quail were distributed in completely randomized experimental design. Treatments consisted of basal diet with a low calcium concentration (0.166%) that was supplemented with two levels of calcium (0.342% and 0.684%) derived from different calcium sources. The apparent and true digestibility coefficients of calcium from charru mussel-, maçunim- and oyster-shell meals for meat quail were 91.85 and 92.04%; 91.71 and 91.90%; and 89.39 and 89.63%, respectively. The relative bioavailability of calcium from charru mussel-, maçunim- and oyster-shell meals obtained using standard-curve and slope ratio methods were 133.22 and 119.18%; 140.05 and 113.69%; and 141.73 and 106.22%, respectively, allowing the use of these organic calcium sources in diet formulations for meat quail.

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Tion, M. A., P. C. Njoku, and S. O. Ogundipe. "Solubility and bioavailability studies of limestone sources with layers." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 32, no. 2 (January 3, 2021): 240–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v32i2.1071.

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Six limestone sources, oystershell, bone meal and dicalcium phosphate were tested for solu and bioavailability in vitro and in vivo. In the in vitro solubility, 1, 0.5 and 0.25 gram of each som was reacted with 100, 50, 25mls of 12N HCl respectively for 30 minutes. The in vivo bioavai. utilized fasted laying chickens, which were force fed 3. Og calcium from each source. Faecal Pain lasted for 48 hours. Calcium was determined by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Result vitro solubility test indicated high solubility rate for dicalcium phosphate (78.9%). Other 5:1:4 produced low solubility values below 40% except for bone ineal. Limestone sources were simi,-:: oystershell. The in vivo bioavailability values of local sources (limestone, oystershell and me meal) were significantly (P < 0.05) higher (87% - 92%) than the imported dicalcium phosa (84.0%). Low solubility of local sources resulted in longer retention time in the GIT, which :-2: the "metering out" effect that produced high bioavailability mean values observed in this Oystershell is universally accepted as a good calcium source for layers. The tested limestone sur was similar to oystershell. It was concluded that any of the sources tested can be used in arz close proximity without fear of adverse effect.

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van Breemen, C., P. Leijten, C. Cauvin, and H. Yamamoto. "Calcium sources and sinks in vascular smooth muscle." Japanese Journal of Pharmacology 40 (1986): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-5198(19)58891-6.

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Santana, A. L. A., P. L. de O. Carvalho, N. T. E. de Oliveira, A. C. Gonçalves Junior, A. P. Gazola, D. E. de S. e Castro, S. T. Carvalho, and A. da C. Oliveira. "Different sources of calcium for starter pig diets." Livestock Science 206 (December 2017): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2017.10.021.

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Weber, Charles W., Edwin A. Kohlhepp, Ahmed Idouraine, and Luisa J. Ochoa. "Binding capacity of 18 fiber sources for calcium." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 41, no. 11 (November 1993): 1931–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf00035a023.

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22

Grigal, D. F., and P. R. Ohmann. "CALCIUM AND FOREST SYSTEMS: DIFFUSION FROM DEEP SOURCES." Soil Science 170, no. 2 (February 2005): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00010694-200502000-00006.

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23

Bennett, Chris J., Jason L. McLain, Menelaos Sarantos, Reuben D. Gann, Alice DeSimone, and Thomas M. Orlando. "Investigating potential sources of Mercury's exospheric Calcium: Photon-stimulated desorption of Calcium Sulfide." Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets 121, no. 2 (February 2016): 137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015je004966.

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Tyurina, L. E. "The balance of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus in lactating cows." Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 22, no. 03 (May 9, 2018): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v22i03.946.

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Mine, Tetsuya, Itaru Kojima, and Etsuro Ogata. "Sources of calcium mobilized by glucagon in isolated rat hepatocytes." Acta Endocrinologica 119, no. 2 (October 1988): 301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1190301.

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Abstract. Effects of glucagon on cytoplasmic concentration of free calcium, [Ca2+]c, were studied in aequorin-loaded hepatocytes. Addition of 5 nmol/l glucagon resulted in a prompt, but transient increase in aequorin bioluminescence. Glucagon, at 5 nmol/l, induced an increase in [Ca2+]c even in medium containing 1 μmol/l calcium, although the response was considerably smaller than that observed in medium containing 1.0 mmol/l calcium. When hepatocytes incubated in the presence of 1 μmol/l extracellular calcium were first stimulated by phenylephrine and subsequently by either glucagon or angiotensin 11, there was a response of [Ca2+]c to glucagon, but not to angiotensin II. Dantrolene (50 μmol/l), which inhibits an increase in [Ca2+]c induced by phenylephrine, did not inhibit the increase in [Ca2+]c induced by glucagon. In contrast, dinitrophenol (50 μmol/l) abolished [Ca2+]c response to glucagon without abolishing the increase in [Ca2+]c induced by angiotensin II. These results suggest that glucagon mobilizes calcium from both intracellular and extracellular pools and that the intracellular calcium pool involved in glucagon action may be different from that mobilized by either phenylephrine or angiotensin II.

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Danner, Moeses Andrigo, Silvia Scariotto, Idemir Citadin, Gener Augusto Penso, and Luís César Cassol. "Calcium sources applied to soil can replace leaf application in ‘Fuji’ apple tree1." Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical 45, no. 3 (September 2015): 266–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632015v4534457.

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ABSTRACTCalcium increases postharvest conservation of apples. Consequently, several calcium foliar sprays are generally applied to apple trees. Due to the low mobility of calcium in the phloem, foliar sprays may have low efficiency to supply calcium in the fruits. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of different sources of calcium applied to the soil, compared to the foliar application, on the content of calcium in the soil, leaves and fruits, on yield and fruit quality of ‘Fuji’ apple trees. The following treatments were tested: control, soil application of calcium chloride, gypsum, Nitrabor®, hydrated lime and pulp sludge, and foliar application of calcium chloride. For all sources in the soil, 80 kg of calcium ha-1 year-1 were applied. For the foliar treatment, ten sprays with 0.4 % of calcium chloride were performed. The experiment was conducted in two seasons (2008/2009 and 2009/2010), in a complete randomized blocks design, with four replicates and two apple trees per plot. Even in a soil with high calcium content, the sources of calcium increase the calcium content in the soil and leaves, as well as the firmness of apples stored for 90 days. The use of gypsum and pulp sludge increase the calcium content in the flesh of ‘Fuji’ apples after two successive applications (2009/2010). The sources of calcium applied to the soil can replace the leaf application commonly used in apple orchards, in order to reduce production costs, provided there is no water restriction in the orchard.

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27

de Behr, V., D. Daron, J. F. Cabaraux, I. Dufrasne, and L. Istasse. "Appetency and preference in horses offered lucerne or chalk as a source of calcium." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2002 (2002): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200006864.

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Lucerne and chalk are sources of calcium used to supplement horses diets. The voluntary ingestion of lucerne varies with its form (Cuddeford, 1994). The objectives of this study were to compare the appetency for different sources of calcium, measured by kinetic of ingestion and selection behaviour (sorting, refusal) and to evaluate the effect of those different sources of calcium supplements on the preference of diets offered as a simultaneous choice. The sources of calcium studied were chalk and dehydrated lucerne presented in three forms: 6 mm diameter pellets, 18 mm diameter pellets and ground.

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Moynihan, Paula, Ashley Adamson, Andrew Rugg, David Appleton, and Timothy Butler. "Dietary sources of calcium and the contribution of flour fortification to total calcium intakein the diets of Northumbrian adolescents." British Journal of Nutrition 75, no. 3 (March 1996): 495–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19960150.

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Abstract Increased Ca intake by adolescents is desirable. In order to achieve this, information on the current dietary sources of Ca by this age group is essential to enable change to build on existing habits. This paper addresses two issues: first, the dietary sources of Ca for adolescents are reported and, second, the importance of fortification of flour with Ca to present-day Ca intakes was determined. In 1990 the diets of 379 children aged 12 years were assessed using the 3 d dietary diary and interview method. Computerized food tables were used to calculate the contributions of different food groups to total Ca intake. The Ca content of eachfood was subdivided into naturally occurring Ca and Ca from fortification, and data were analysed to give the daily intake of each. The four most important sources of Ca were milk (25%), beverages (12%), puddings (10%) and bread (9%). Fortification of flour accounted for 13% of total Ca intake. When the contribution of fortification was removed, the proportion of subjects with intakes of Ca below the lower reference nutrient intake (Department of Health, 1991) increased more than fourfold, to 10% of girls and 12% of boys. Milk is contributing less to Ca intake than in the past and increased consumption should be encouraged. Ca fortification of flour remains an important source of Ca. Therefore, unless dietary habits are modified to ensure adequate Ca from other sources, increased consumption of unfortified products from outside the UK will lead to a further reduction in Ca intake.

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Slawson, Deborah Leachman, Barbara S. McClanahan, Linda H. Clemens, Kenneth D. Ward, Robert C. Klesges, Christopher M. Vukadinovich, and Edwin D. Cantler. "Food Sources of Calcium in a Sample of African-American and Euro-American Collegiate Athletes." International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 11, no. 2 (June 2001): 199–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.11.2.199.

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Adequate calcium intake is integral to bone health as well as for optimal athletic performance. This study was conducted to investigate: (a) food sources of calcium in a sample of collegiate athletes, (b) gender and/or ethnic differences in food sources of calcium, and (c) whether athletes that derive less of their calcium intake from dairy sources increase their calcium intake from supplements or other food sources. Participants were African-American and Euro-American NCAA Division 1-A athletes. Eighty-five men and 59 women participated. Calcium intake for the previous 7-day period was assessed with a brief calcium screen.Men consumed significantly more calcium than women (1,354 vs. 898 mg/day), with female cross-country runners exhibiting the lowest average intake (605 mg/day). Both men and women obtained the majority of their calcium from dairy products and mixed dishes, while men consumed significantly more calcium-fortified foods. Several gender and ethnic interactions for calcium intake from food groups were found. Mean total dairy calcium intake was found to vary according to total calcium intake in men, and supplemental calcium was not used to augment low dairy intakes of calcium in any group.While African-Americans and Euro-Americans athletes were consuming similar levels of calcium, the female athletes in the sample did not get adequate amounts.

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Santana, Ana Lúcia Almeida, Alexandre de Oliveira Teixeira, Darci Clementino Lopes, Rodrigo Almeida Santana, Carlos Magno Rocha Junior, Leonardo Marmo Moreira, Melissa Izabel Hannas, and Anderson Corassa. "Digestibility of calcium and digestible calcium from inorganic sources evaluated in swine by two methods." Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal 19, no. 1 (March 2018): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-99402018000100009.

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SUMMARY The objective of the study was to determine the digestible calcium from different sources by direct and indirect methods. Thirty castrated male pigs were used, distributed in randomized blocks, in six treatments: 1- Calcitic limestone; 2-Dicalcium phosphate powder 18%; 3- Dicalcium phosphate powder 20%; 4- Dicalcium microgranulated phosphate 18%; 5- Monodicalcium microgranulated phosphate 20%; 6- Monodicalcium microgranulated phosphate 21%, with six replicates and one animal per experimental unit. A basal diet was formulated to meet the nutritional requirements of the animals, except for calcium (0.06%) and the evaluated sources replaced the basal diet in order to provide 0.45% of total Ca. At the same time, two stool collection methods were evaluated: total collection and fecal indicator. The animals were housed in metabolism cages for 12 days to collect feces and urine to determine the calcium values used to estimate digestibility coefficients and digestible calcium. The total collection method and the faecal indicator method did not affect the true digestibility coefficient of calcium. The calcium digestibility of the microgranulated dicalcium phosphate 21% (MM21) was superior in comparison with the other calcium sources evaluated by the indirect method in the present study. The average values of true digestibility of the calcium sources, in percentage, were: calcitic limestone: 82.47; dicalcium phosphate powder 18%: 80.87; dicalcium phosphate powder 20%: 85.65; dicalcium microgranulated phosphate 18%: 81.65; monodicalcium microgranulated phosphate 20%: 84.15; and monodicalcium microgranulated phosphate 21%: 88.35. The two methodologies can be used to determine the digestibility of calcium.

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Pham Minh, Doan, Nathalie Lyczko, Haroun Sebei, Ange Nzihou, and Patrick Sharrock. "Synthesis of calcium hydroxyapatite from calcium carbonate and different orthophosphate sources: A comparative study." Materials Science and Engineering: B 177, no. 13 (August 2012): 1080–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mseb.2012.05.007.

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32

Ajakaiye, A., J. O. Atteh, and S. Leeson. "Biological availability of calcium in broiler chicks from different calcium sources found in Nigeria." Animal Feed Science and Technology 104, no. 1-4 (February 2003): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-8401(02)00332-2.

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33

Yamashita, T., M. Tobisa, A. Ohgushi, and M. Furuse. "Enhancement of Plasma Calcium Concentration by Dietary Calcium Sources and Oligosaccharides in Neonatal Chicks." Journal of Applied Animal Research 19, no. 1 (March 2001): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2001.9706707.

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34

David, L. S., M. R. Abdollahi, G. Ravindran, C. L. Walk, and V. Ravindran. "Studies on the measurement of ileal calcium digestibility of calcium sources in broiler chickens." Poultry Science 98, no. 11 (November 2019): 5582–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps/pez314.

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35

Achal, Varenyam, and Xiangliang Pan. "Influence of Calcium Sources on Microbially Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation by Bacillus sp. CR2." Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 173, no. 1 (March 19, 2014): 307–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12010-014-0842-1.

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Batista, Marcelo Augusto, José Carlos Pintro, Antonio Carlos Saraiva da Costa, Cássio Antonio Tormena, Carlos Moacir Bonato, and Michelli Fernandes Batista. "Mineral composition and dry mass production of the corn plants in response to phosphorus sources and aluminum concentration." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 52, no. 3 (June 2009): 541–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132009000300004.

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The corn plants were evaluated with different phosphate fertilizer sources and aluminum (Al) concentrations in a sandy substrate. A totally randomized experiment design was set up with two corn plants in the pots containing 2 kg of a sandy substrate, two phosphate sources (Triple Super Phosphate - TSP or Arad Phosphate - AP) and four Al concentrations. When Al concentrations increased, pH (CaCl2) substrate values decreased. There was an increase in the calcium and phosphorus contents in the sandy substrates that received the TSP and AP sources. The calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and potassium concentrations of the corn plant's shoot were higher in the TSP than without P and AP sources. When the Al concentration increased, the concentration values of the former elements decreased. The dry mass production of the corn plants responded positively to P sources. As the Al concentration increased, the dry mass values decreased significantly in the TSP source.

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Mahdavi, Sara, Antonio Bellasi, Karan Nagra, Luke Johnston, Paul Tam, Biagio Di Iorio, and Tabo Sikaneta. "Associations of Calcium from Food Sources versus Phosphate Binders with Serum Calcium and FGF23 in Hemodialysis Patients." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 10 (October 14, 2019): 1680. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8101680.

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Background: Dysregulated serum calcium and FGF23 are associated with increased mortality and morbidity rates in patients receiving hemodialysis. Preliminary data suggest serum calcium regulates FGF23 secretion independently of serum phosphate, parathyroid hormone, and 25-OH vitamin D. It is unclear to what extent dietary and prescription sources of calcium influence calcium and FGF23 levels, and whether they confound this relationship. In this cross-sectional analysis of a multi-ethnic cohort of prevalent hemodialysis patients, association of dietary calcium and prescribed calcium were examined against serum calcium and FGF23. Bi- and multivariable linear regression was used for all analyses. Results: 81 patients (mean age 58 years, dialysis vintage 2 years, 51 men) participated. Dietary calcium was inversely associated with FGF23 (p = 0.04) however association of FGF23 with prescribed calcium did not reach statistical significance (0.08). In multivariable models, dietary calcium and prescribed calcium were associated in opposing directions with serum calcium (prescribed calcium; ß-coefficient = −0.35, p = 0.005 versus dietary calcium; ß-coefficient = 0.35, p = 0.03). FGF23 was independently associated with serum calcium (p = 0.007). Conclusions: We found differing, sometimes opposing, associations between serum calcium and FGF23 levels when considering prescribed versus dietary sources of calcium. Serum calcium and FGF23 were strongly correlated regardless of possible confounders examined in this hemodialysis cohort. Dietary calcium was associated with higher serum calcium and lower FGF23 concentrations, while prescribed calcium was only inversely associated with serum calcium. Further studies are required to confirm these associations and determine causality.

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HUNT, JANET R. "Do Common Sources of Dietary Protein Increase Calcium Needs?" Journal of the American Dietetic Association 97, no. 12 (December 1997): 1370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-8223(97)00328-3.

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Amsellem, Elsa, Frédéric Moynier, Hervé Bertrand, Amaury Bouyon, João Mata, Sebastian Tappe, and James M. D. Day. "Calcium isotopic evidence for the mantle sources of carbonatites." Science Advances 6, no. 23 (June 2020): eaba3269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aba3269.

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The origin of carbonatites—igneous rocks with more than 50% of carbonate minerals—and whether they originate from a primary mantle source or from recycling of surface materials are still debated. Calcium isotopes have the potential to resolve the origin of carbonatites, since marine carbonates are enriched in the lighter isotopes of Ca compared to the mantle. Here, we report the Ca isotopic compositions for 74 carbonatites and associated silicate rocks from continental and oceanic settings, spanning from 3 billion years ago to the present day, together with O and C isotopic ratios for 37 samples. Calcium-, Mg-, and Fe-rich carbonatites have isotopically lighter Ca than mantle-derived rocks such as basalts and fall within the range of isotopically light Ca from ancient marine carbonates. This signature reflects the composition of the source, which is isotopically light and is consistent with recycling of surface carbonate materials into the mantle.

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Patel, Avani, Peter S. Haddock, William A. Coetzee, and Michael Artman. "Sources of Activator Calcium in the Developing Rabbit Heart." Pediatric Research 45, no. 4, Part 2 of 2 (April 1999): 58A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1203/00006450-199904020-00352.

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Heaney, Robert P., Robert R. Recker, and Connie M. Weaver. "Absorbability of calcium sources: The limited role of solubility." Calcified Tissue International 46, no. 5 (May 1990): 300–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02563819.

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Mounier, Y., and C. Goblet. "Role of the different calcium sources in the excitation–contraction coupling in crab muscle fibers." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 65, no. 4 (April 1, 1987): 667–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y87-110.

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Excitation–contraction coupling in crab muscle fibers was studied in voltage-clamp conditions. Extracellular calcium is essential for the mechanical activity. Two calcium influxes induced by membrane depolarization contribute to tension development: one is the inward calcium current responsible for the phasic tension, the other is a calcium influx dependent on extracellular sodium and calcium concentrations and is responsible for the tonic tension. These calcium influxes are not sufficient to activate contractile proteins. Experiments with procaine and caffeine show that a calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum is required.

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Semple, Diarmaid, and Moninne Howlett. "A REVIEW OF THE USE OF CALCIUM LIQUID VERSUS CALCIUM TABLETS FOR MAINTAINING CORRECTED CALCIUM LEVELS." Archives of Disease in Childhood 101, no. 9 (August 17, 2016): e2.22-e2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2016-311535.29.

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AimSince the discontinuation of a commercially available liquid calcium medicine, there have been various local strategies to obtain adequate calcium levels, particularly in suspected 22Q11.2 deletion syndrome children post cardiothoracic surgery. Pharmacy obtained on special order a Calcium Liquid food supplement (0.5 mmol calcium/ml) for use in those children whom effervescent tablets did not appear to improve corrected calcium. Anecdotally it was thought that calcium liquid was better tolerated and absorbed, resulting in quicker recovery time of corrected calcium than use of the effervescent tablets. This review of patients was intended to determine if the use of the liquid was associated with a significant improvement in calcium levels compared to the use of tablets.MethodA dispense report was undertaken to identify those patients supplied with the calcium liquid product from May 2014 to May 2015.Using the electronic prescribing system, the patients electronic health record was accessed, and the following information recorded; calcium, albumin, intake calcium in fluids, TPN, oral and Intravenous. The data was collected for seven days previous to the first administration of calcium liquid and seven days after where available. Corrected calcium was calculated using an accepted method (calcium=serum calcium+0.02* (normal albumin – patient albumin)).ResultsNine children supplied with calcium liquid between May 2014 and May 2015. Four patients who did not have histories on the electronic prescribing system were excluded for ease of analysis. The electronic medication record of the five remaining patients was used to compare calcium intake from all sources including fluids and feed.As expected calcium levels (and corrected calcium level where relevant) did improve when calcium liquid was added in. However four of the patients received calcium from multiple sources. Of these three received more calcium (mmol/kg/day) in fluids and feeds than from the administered pharmacy product.One single patient did not receive calcium from any other sources (fluids/TPN/feed). However there did not appear to be a significant change in calcium levels when calcium liquid was introduced as opposed to calcium tablets.ConclusionAlthough based on a small number of patients, from this experience it would not seem that the calcium liquid obtained by pharmacy results in higher calcium serum levels.Further analysis may be required to distinguish the effects from calcium intake in feed/fluid and calcium intake from medicines.

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Vatanparast, Hassan, Naorin Islam, Rashmi Prakash Patil, Mojtaba Shafiee, and Susan J. Whiting. "Calcium Intake from Food and Supplemental Sources Decreased in the Canadian Population from 2004 to 2015." Journal of Nutrition 150, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 833–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxz318.

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ABSTRACT Background In light of the publications (2008–2014) linking calcium intake, mainly from supplements, to the elevated risk of cardiovascular events, there is a need to determine if there have been any changes in usual intakes of calcium among Canadians. Objective We aimed to examine changes in dietary and total usual intake of calcium among Canadians aged ≥1 y over the period 2004–2015. Methods We used nutrition data from 2 nationally representative surveys conducted in 2004 and 2015 (CCHS 2004 Cycle 2.2 and CCHS-Nutrition 2015). This study included all the Canadians across 10 provinces, and the analyses were performed across different age/sex groups. We used the National Cancer Institute (NCI) method to estimate the usual intake of calcium and the prevalence of calcium inadequacy. Multiple logistic regression was performed to assess the relation between supplement uses and sociodemographic variables. Results From 2004 to 2015, the usual intake of calcium from food sources significantly decreased in calcium supplement nonusers (from 872 ± 18.2 mg/d to 754 ± 18.0 mg/d), but not in calcium supplement users. The contribution of calcium from the Milk and alternatives food group significantly decreased by 7.5% and 6.1% in calcium supplement users and nonusers, respectively. The prevalence of calcium supplement use significantly decreased from 2004 to 2015 in the Canadian population, from 27.5% to 22.0%. During this time, the percentage contribution of calcium from supplemental sources significantly decreased among Canadians, especially women. The prevalence of calcium inadequacy increased from 58.0% to 68.0% in supplement nonusers; however, among users of calcium supplements, the prevalence of calcium inadequacy remained at ∼31%. Conclusions Calcium intake from both food and supplemental sources decreased in the Canadian population over an 11-y period, which must be addressed by policy-makers in their efforts to decrease the high prevalence of calcium inadequacy.

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Lee, K. Y., P. Biancani, and J. Behar. "Calcium sources utilized by cholecystokinin and acetylcholine in the cat gallbladder muscle." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 256, no. 4 (April 1, 1989): G785—G788. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1989.256.4.g785.

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The calcium sources responsible for gallbladder contraction in response to cholecystokinin (CCK) and acetylcholine were studied in vitro in the cat. Sudden replacement of normal physiological salt solution (PSS) with calcium-free PSS blocked the contraction induced by KCl (60 mM) but did not affect the response to CCK (10(-7) M) or acetylcholine (3 x 10(-3) M). Thirty-minute incubation in PSS in which strontium (2.5 mM) was substituted for calcium blocked completely CCK (10(-10) - 10(-6) M)-induced contraction without impairing the response to acetylcholine (10(-7) - 10(-3) M) or KCl (20-80 mM). The contraction induced by acetylcholine (10(-7) - 10(-3) M) was partially blocked by hydroxyverapamil (D-600) (10(-5) M) in normal PSS (Ca 2.5 mm) and was completely blocked by D-600 in strontium (2.5 mm)-containing solution. It is concluded that CCK contracts the gallbladder muscle by mobilizing calcium from intracellular stores, whereas acetylcholine can utilize calcium both from intracellular or extracellular sources.

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ACEVEDO-BARRERA, Angelica A., Juan M. SOTO PARRA, Rosa M. YAÑEZ-MUÑOZ, Esteban SANCHEZ, and Ramona PEREZ-LEAL. "Natural Sources of Spraying to Preserve Apple Fruit Quality during Post-Harvest." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 47, no. 4 (November 21, 2019): 1136–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha47411539.

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One of the great challenges that apple producers face is to substantially improve the quality of fruit, including after harvest. A balanced and timely supply of calcium (Ca) during growth and in the post-harvest stage is considered a technique that could improve shelf life and fruit quality; thus calcium plays a key role during post-harvest, with calcium carbonate and calcium sulphate being an alternative of foliar spraying. The study was carried out on ‘Top Red’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ apple cultivars, in a randomized complete block design with 13 treatments (referring to different commercial presentations of calcium) and 6 repetitions; 8 foliar sprays were applied weekly, from June 22 until harvest; ‘Top Red’ (151 days after full flowering, DDCF) and ‘Golden Delicious’ (145 DDCF) fruit were evaluated in regard with fruit traits (diameter, weight and colour) and maturity (pulp firmness, total soluble solids, titratable acidity and sugar acidity ratio). In ‘Top Red’ cv., calcium carbonate presented the best results, with intermediate to high quality apple fruit, while for cv. ‘Golden Delicious’ the best results were obtained with calcium sulphate, which increased fruits’ diameter, weight, colour and titratable acidity. Even more, of the products evaluated, CaCO3 and CaSO4 had the lowest costs, and can be considered as good alternatives of foliar calcium supplement applied in order to preserve the quality of the apple during post-harvest. ********* In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 4, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue. *********

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Guertal, E. A., and J. M. Kemble. "Responses of Field-grown Tomatoes to Nitrogen Sources." HortTechnology 8, no. 3 (July 1998): 386–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.8.3.386.

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Although the effect of various N fertilizers on tomato yield and quality has been previously examined, much of this research was conducted in hydroponic or green-house studies. The objective of this research was to examine the effect of N fertilizer sources (ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), potassium nitrate (KNO3), urea (CO(NH2)2), urea ammonium nitrate (UAN), and calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2) on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) growth, yield, and fruit quality. The 2-year experiment was conducted using black plastic mulch covered raised beds with drip fertigation. A total of 180 lb acre (202 Kg·ha−1) N was applied with each N source, with 25% applied preplant and premulch and remaining N applied as 10 weekly applications of 13.5 lb/acre (15.2 kg·ha−1). If an N source contained Ca or K, that amount was applied to all other N sources (preplant and fertigated) as potassium chloride (KCl) or calcium chloride (CaCl2). Collected data included plant height, leaf N concentration, and yield. Different N sources had varying and inconsistent effects on fruit yield and quality. Although plant height and stem diameter from UAN treatments were always smaller than those from other N sources, this effect did not extrapolate to decreased total marketable yield. Differences in N concentration of tomato leaf tissue were not consistent with N source and were not related to differences in tomato yield. There were few differences in yield and quality of nonmarketable fruit due to N source. In this one-site, 2-year study, it appears that any of the N sources studied would be suitable for tomato production, if price of N fertilizer materials are the same.

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KOBAYASHI, Tadashi, Toshio OKANO, Sonoko MASUDA, Atsuko TAKEUCHI, and Naoko TSUGAWA. "Comparison of three kinds of calcium compounds with regard to their bioavailability as calcium sources." Nippon Eiyo Shokuryo Gakkaishi 40, no. 4 (1987): 293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4327/jsnfs.40.293.

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Jiang, H., J. Wang, L. Che, Y. Lin, Z. Fang, and De Wu. "Effects of Calcium Sources and Levels on Growth Performance and Calcium Bioavailability in Weaning Piglets." Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 8, no. 4 (June 15, 2013): 613–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ajava.2013.613.621.

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Zhang, F., D. Ragland, and O. Adeola. "Comparison of apparent ileal and total tract digestibility of calcium in calcium sources for pigs." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 96, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 563–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2016-0043.

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Two experiments were conducted to compare apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of calcium (Ca) in pigs. In experiment 1, three semipurified diets with soybean meal, canola meal, or sunflower meal as the sole source of Ca were formulated. Eighteen cannulated pigs (initial BW = 66 ± 5 kg) were assigned in a randomized complete block design to three treatments and six replicates per treatment. Results indicated that for either Ca or phosphorus (P), the ATTD was not different from the AID in the three diets (Psite = 0.16 and 0.81, respectively). In experiment 2, diets with four Ca concentrations were formulated with calcium carbonate as the Ca source. Sixteen cannulated pigs (initial BW = 73 ± 4 kg) were assigned in a randomized complete block design to four treatments in two experimental periods. The results indicated that the ATTD of Ca was not different from the AID for all diets. Furthermore, the Ca digestibility was not affected by dietary treatments, but the P digestibility was linearly improved (P < 0.01) as dietary Ca and P concentrations increased. Thus, it is concluded that both AID and ATTD can be used to describe the digestibility of Ca for growing–finishing pigs.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Calcium sources'

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