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Journal articles on the topic 'Calibration of sprayers'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

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1

Kasner, Edward J., Richard A. Fenske, Gwen A. Hoheisel, et al. "Spray Drift from Three Airblast Sprayer Technologies in a Modern Orchard Work Environment." Annals of Work Exposures and Health 64, no. 1 (2019): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annweh/wxz080.

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Abstract Pesticide spray drift represents an important exposure pathway that may cause illness among orchard workers. To strike a balance between improving spray coverage and reducing drift, new sprayer technologies are being marketed for use in modern tree canopies to replace conventional axial fan airblast (AFA) sprayers that have been used widely since the 1950s. We designed a series of spray trials that used mixed-effects modeling to compare tracer-based drift volume levels for old and new sprayer technologies in an orchard work environment. Building on a smaller study of 6 trials (168 tre

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2

Drincha, V. M., Yu A. Sergeyev, and A. O. Sharibura. "Calibration of field sprayers and modern devices for its realization." Traktory i sel hozmashiny 79, no. 5 (2012): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/0321-4443-69339.

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3

Peñaloza, Elmer A. G., Paulo E. Cruvinel, Vilma A. Oliveira, and Augusto G. F. Costa. "A Model Approach to Infer the Quality in Agricultural Sprayers Supported by Knowledge Bases and Experimental Measurements." International Journal of Semantic Computing 11, no. 03 (2017): 279–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793351x17400104.

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This paper presents a method to infer the quality of sprayers based on data collection of the drop spectra and their physical descriptors, which are used to generate a knowledge base to support decision-making in agriculture. The knowledge base is formed by collected experimental data, obtained in a controlled environment under specific operating conditions, and the semantics used in the spraying process to infer the quality in the application. The electro-hydraulic operating conditions of the sprayer system, which include speed and flow measurements, are used to define experimental tests, per

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4

Mion, Renildo L., Beatriz M. de Sousa, Igor M. Cordeiro, Weberte A. Sombra, José M. de L. Duarte, and Fidel C. B. Lucas. "Calibration of angles of nozzles and deposition of an axial-flow sprayer on dwarf cashew." Engenharia Agrícola 32, no. 4 (2012): 802–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-69162012000400020.

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The study aimed to determine an optimum angle for the nozzles axial-flow sprayers a deposition for better vertical distribution focused on cashew. In laboratory tests were conducted adjusting the angle of the nozzle axial-flow sprayers. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a 2x3 factorial with four replications. The treatment for this test were two settings (with and without the adjustment of the angles of the nozzles ) and tree application volumes 273, 699 and 954 L ha-¹.The study was conducted in an orchard of dwarf cashew, with eight years of age. It was concluded that the volum

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5

Mosetti, Davide, Paolo Sivilotti, and Giovanni Bigot. "The calibration of the sprayers and the factors involved in coverage uniformity in the vineyard." BIO Web of Conferences 13 (2019): 02001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20191302001.

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The phytopathological condition of the vineyard and the reduction in the use of crop protection products are closely linked to the efficiency of the use of sprayers. The objective of the work was to identify the best operative conditions to improve the canopy coverage of the spraying. From 2012 to 2017 173 field trials were carried out in 40 farms, on 24 varieties, testing 72 different sprayers in North Eastern Italy. Water-sensitive papers of 2.5 × 2.5 cm were positioned in eight points in the vine canopy according to a standardized method, and they were examined after spraying for spray depo

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Bahlol, Haitham Y., Abhilash K. Chandel, Gwen-Alyn Hoheisel, and Lav R. Khot. "Smart Spray Analytical System for Orchard Sprayer Calibration: A-Proof-of-Concept and Preliminary Results." Transactions of the ASABE 63, no. 1 (2020): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.13196.

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Abstract. Efficient chemical spray applications are vital to reduce off-target drift, economic losses to tree fruit growers, and negative environmental impacts. It is thus important to adequately calibrate and adjust orchard sprayers for intended applications. This technical note describes the design, prototyping, and field evaluation of a sensor-based smart spray analytical system (SSAS). The SSAS is equipped with units for spray capturing and volumetric quantification, air-assist velocity measurement, system actuation and control, and data acquisition and wireless transmission. The spray liq

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Rathnayake, Anura P., Ramesh K. Sahni, Lav R. Khot, Gwen A. Hoheisel, and Heping Zhu. "Intelligent Sprayer Spray Rates Optimization to Efficiently Apply Chemicals in Modern Apple Orchards." Journal of the ASABE 65, no. 6 (2022): 1411–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/ja.14654.

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Highlights Intelligent sprayers require crop canopy-specific base spray rate (SR) adjustments. SRs can be estimated by Tree Row Volume (TRV) and Unit Canopy Row (UCR) methods. This study formulated TRV and UCR based SRs for modern apple orchard canopies. Field trials evaluated spray deposition and coverage variations for these rates. TRV and UCR based treatments had comparable spray performance to the grower-adapted application rate. Abstract. The efficiency of air-assisted sprayer-based chemical applications in horticultural crops is dependent on several factors, including that of the applica

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Maličević, Z., J. Turan, B. Railić, and D. Mitrović. "Effect of calibration on modern concepts of air assisted sprayers on application quality abstarct." Savremena poljoprivredna tehnika 40, no. 4 (2014): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/savpoljteh1401019m.

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9

Lewis, Margaret T., and Kelly A. Hamby. "Optimizing Caneberry Spray Coverage for Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) Management on Diversified Fruit Farms." Journal of Economic Entomology 113, no. 6 (2020): 2820–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaa237.

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Abstract Spray coverage may influence the efficacy of insecticides targeting the invasive vinegar fly Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), a primary pest of raspberries and blackberries. In commercially managed caneberries, spray coverage is typically lowest in the inner and lower plant canopy, regions that overlap with higher levels of adult D. suzukii activity. To understand how spray coverage of fruit impacts efficacy against D. suzukii, laboratory bioassays were conducted using raspberries. In laboratory bioassays, higher spray coverage did not impact larval infestation rates but did increase a

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10

Pergher, G. "Field evaluation of a calibration method for air-assisted sprayers involving the use of a vertical patternator." Crop Protection 23, no. 5 (2004): 437–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2003.09.015.

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11

Folkerts, Chandler, Joe D. Luck, Santosh Kumar Pitla, and Yufeng Ge. "Optical Sensor System for Chemical Flow Rate Monitoring with Direct Nozzle Injection." Journal of the ASABE 65, no. 1 (2022): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/ja.14590.

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HighlightsA novel optical sensor system was developed to accurately measure simulated chemical (water with dye) flow rates observed with direct nozzle injection systems for agricultural sprayers.The average error in chemical flow rate estimates was only 2% across a typical range of injection rates.The prototype optical sensor system was capable of detecting dye dilutions to a level of 1:150,000.Abstract. Direct injection systems have the potential to provide several benefits to spray applicators (e.g., easing boom cleanout procedures); however, lag time and proper mixing continue to hinder ado

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12

Schrader, Mark J., Anura P. Rathnayake, and Lav R. Khot. "Horticultural Oil Thermotherapy Delivery System for Perennial Specialty Crops: A-Proof-of-Concept and Preliminary Results." Applied Engineering in Agriculture 38, no. 2 (2022): 461–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aea.14786.

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HighlightsHorticultural oil thermotherapy sprayer was developed for use in perennial fruit crops.Prototype design included air-shear nozzles to spray at eight customized heights.Field evaluation provided adequate spray coverage.Abstract. Spray drift and residues of synthetic chemicals used in crop pest management are major concerns in agricultural industry. Therefore, exploration of alternative pest management technologies is necessary to minimize lasting pesticide residues without compromising biological efficacy. As such, this study reports the design and evaluation of a new horticultural oi

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Gous, S. F., T. M. Withers, and A. J. Hewitt. "A new pest management research facility Scions largescale precision track sprayer." New Zealand Plant Protection 67 (January 8, 2014): 267–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2014.67.5724.

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A new large scale precision track sprayer has been developed and evaluated for spray deposition and pesticide application research under controlled conditions The spray room is fitted with a 4 m wide electrically driven boom suspended 4 m above ground running on a 12 m long Ibeam It is fitted with 9 independently controlled shut off valves and nozzles Sprays can be applied to live plant canopies up to 3 m tall within a 2 m times; 3 m sample area The number location and type of nozzle on the boom can be altered as can spray liquid pressure and boom speed in order to simulate a wide range of spr

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14

M. Salyani and J. W. Serdynski. "A Device and Method for Sprayer Calibration." Applied Engineering in Agriculture 9, no. 1 (1993): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.25961.

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15

Corber, Andrew, Wajid Chishty, and Patrizio Vena. "Planar LIF/MIE ratio droplet sizing using structured laser sheet imaging at elevated ambient pressures." Journal of the Global Power and Propulsion Society 4 (May 13, 2020): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.33737/jgpps/115249.

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LIF/Mie ratio-metric imaging was used to characterize sprays produced by a simple hollow-cone pressure atomizer, operating under elevated ambient pressures up to 10 atm. A structured laser sheet was used as the source of illumination to suppress the multiple scattered light, generating images that are free of the artefacts typically found in conventional laser sheet images. The resulting LIF/Mie ratio-metric images were calibrated using Phase Doppler anemometry to generate axial planar maps of the spray’s Sauter-mean diameter (SMD). This calibration methodology was applied over a range of ambi

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Shang, Jinkui, Ronghuan Zhao, Zhaonan Xu, and Hongjie Zhong. "Research on global calibration technology of pressure sensitive paint based on airtight chamber." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2364, no. 1 (2022): 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2364/1/012022.

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Abstract Pressure sensitive paint (PSP) technology has been widely applied in wind-tunnel test. Generally, PSP calibration data are obtained using a calibration sample in laboratory priori calibration device, which the sample is sprayed at the same time with the test model.In this study, taking the real test model as the calibration object, a global calibration technology of PSP coating on the surface of the test model is proposed, which is verified in the airtight chamber, and the effective PSP calibration data are obtained. A two-component fast response PSP coating was used in the study. In

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17

Werts, Peter, and Thomas Green. "Airblast sprayer calibration: Opportunities to improve performance and save money." Crops & Soils 46, no. 1 (2013): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/cs2013-46-1-8.

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18

Dent, D. R., A. Baines, O. Hutchings, et al. "Knapsack sprayer calibration: Perception of swath width and problems of computation." International Journal of Pest Management 39, no. 3 (1993): 321–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09670879309371814.

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19

Bravo, Maite, Stephanie Chaltiel, and Wilfredo Carazas. "Matter-Robotic Calibration for Bioshotcrete." Temes de Disseny, no. 34 (November 26, 2018): 80–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.46467/tdd34.2018.80-91.

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Construction techniques associated with traditional raw earth architecture are characterised by laborious manual tasks in which each clay mix is deposited in layers over a light formwork, such as with the wattle and daub technique. More sustainable solutions also exist for the use of concrete, including shotcrete or sprayed concrete over light formwork composed of fabrics, inflatables or metal meshes. This research explores robotic techniques for the digital fabrication of monolithic earthen shells, with the objective of reformulating the use of clay as a sustainable material to reduce laborio

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20

E. Gil and J. Badiola. "Design and Verification of a Portable Vertical Patternator for Vineyard Sprayer Calibration." Applied Engineering in Agriculture 23, no. 1 (2007): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.22328.

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21

Dharmawan, Agus, and Siswoyo Soekarno. "UJI DISTRIBUSI SEMPROTAN SPRAYER PESTISIDA DENGAN PATTERNATOR BERBASIS WATER LEVEL DETECTOR." Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) 9, no. 2 (2020): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jtep-l.v9i2.85-95.

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The research aimed to examine droplet distribution using a knapsack sprayer with a water level detector-based patternator. The tests consist of measuring spraying discharge, effective spray wide and height, droplet distribution pattern and area, and traveling speed. The sensor calibration showed that the system read the liquid volume in the container with R2 = 0.99 at a linear curve: y = 2.572 + 2.502x. The spray discharge was 0.033 L/s. The optimal spray was at 60 cm-nozzle height with effective spray wide and height were 0.64 m and 0.344, respectively. The spray distribution pattern illustra

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22

Weaver, J. E., and T. Coulson. "Black Cutworm Control on Golf Course Greens, 1985." Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 11, no. 1 (1986): 390–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/11.1.390a.

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Abstract Tests were conducted at the Preston Country Club, Kingwood, WV Entire greens ranging in size from 3,780 to 10,350 sq ft. were used as test plots. Treatments were applied 22 Aug. Each treatment was applied to 2 greens with a Broyhill sprayer mounted on a Cushman vehicle. The average amount of spray used was 3 gal/1000 sq. ft. Greens were lightly-syringed immediately after treatment. Total precipitation during the trial period was 0.57 inches occurring 4 DAT. Rates of application [lb (AI)/acre] were calculated on the basis of the amount of spray used for each green; intended rates (base

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23

Ishkandar, C. D. M., N. M. Nawi, R. Janius, N. Mazlan, and T. T. Lin. "Detection of deltamethrin in cabbages using visible shortwave near-infrared spectroscopy." Food Research 5, no. 3 (2021): 273–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.5(3).742.

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Pesticides have long been used in the cabbage industry to control pest infestation. This study investigated the potential application of low-cost and portable visible shortwave near-infrared spectroscopy for the detection of deltamethrin residue in cabbages. A total of sixty organic cabbage samples were used. The sample was divided into four batches, three batches were sprayed with deltamethrin pesticide whereas the remaining batch was not sprayed (control sample). The first three batches of the cabbages were sprayed with the pesticide at three different concentrations, namely low, medium and

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24

Vanella, Giuseppe, Masoud Salyani, and Paolo Balsari. "Effect of the nozzle adaptor of sprayer calibrator on flow rate measurements." Crop Protection 30, no. 8 (2011): 1043–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2011.03.010.

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25

ROTUNNO, A. A., M. WINTER, G. M. DOBBS, and L. A. MELTON. "Direct Calibration Procedures for Exciplex-Based Vapor/ Liquid Visualization of Fuel Sprays." Combustion Science and Technology 71, no. 4-6 (1990): 247–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00102209008951635.

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26

Závacký, Martin, Juraj Chalmovský, Lumír Miča, and Petr Bílek. "CALIBRATION OF INPUT PARAMETER VALUES FOR AN ADVANCED MATERIAL MODEL OF SPRAYED CONCRETE." Acta Polytechnica CTU Proceedings 16 (June 19, 2018): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/app.2018.16.0040.

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The paper briefly presents an advanced material model for shotcrete involving many aspects of the actual behavior of concrete. However, the contribution is focused on determination and calibration of selected input parameter values for practical use of the model in structural analysis. Two cross sections of different geological conditions were chosen from a utility tunnel in Brno in order to obtain sprayed concrete samples. The laboratory tests conducted are described and then compared with results from numerical approximations.

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Weaver, J. E., and T. Coulson. "Black Cutworm Control on Golf Course Greens, 1984." Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 10, no. 1 (1985): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/10.1.267a.

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Abstract Tests were conducted at the Preston Country Club, Kingwood, WV. Entire greens ranging in size from 3,780 to 10,350 sq. ft. were used as test plots. Treatments were applied 17 Aug. Each treatment was applied to 2 greens with a Broyhill sprayer mounted on a Cushman vehicle. The average amount of spray used was 3.2 gal/1000 sq. ft. Greens were irrigated within 0.5 h after treatment with about 5 gal water/1000 sq. ft. There was no precipitation during the trial period. Rates of applications [lb (AI)/gal] were calculated on the basis of the amount of spray used for each green; intended rat

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Wolf, Thomas M., Shu Hua Liu, Brian C. Caldwell, and Andrew I. Hsiao. "Calibration of Greenhouse Spray Chambers—The Importance of Dynamic Nozzle Patternation." Weed Technology 11, no. 3 (1997): 428–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00045218.

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In an attempt to refine calibration procedures for greenhouse spray chambers, the effects of an herbicide adjuvant, operating pressure, and travel speed on the static and dynamic spray patterns of single flat-fan hydraulic nozzle tips were studied. The volume output in the central 15 cm of the spray pattern (where target plants would ordinarily be positioned) was used as an indicator of the relative dosages received from both a tapered flat-fan tip (8001 VS) and an even-spray tip (8001 EVS). All tested variables significantly altered the spray pattern. Specifically, dynamic spray patterns diff

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29

Rizal, Abdul, and Dyah Arbirawati. "Evaluation of Florpyrauxifen-Benzyl Herbicides for Control on Common Weeds in Transplanted Rice." RSF Conference Series: Engineering and Technology 1, no. 1 (2021): 590–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31098/cset.v1i1.434.

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The research to test the effectiveness of the herbicide Florpyrauxifen-Benzylin in controlling weeds in rice was carried out in Sragen, Central Java. March to August 2021. The herbicides tested are: T1) Florpyrauxifen-Benzyl 400 ml/ha, T2) Florpyrauxifen-Benzyl 600 ml/ha, T3) Florpyrauxifen-Benzyl 800 ml/ha, T4) Florpyrauxifen-Benzyl 1000ml/ha, T5) Aryloxyphenoxy propionate 800 ml/ha, T6) Penoxsulam 800 ml/ha, T7) Natrium Byspiribac 300 ml/ha T8) Metsulfuron Methyl, T9) Hand Weeding and T10) Untreated. The herbicides were applied with the help of a knapsack sprayer by using a T-jet nozzle. The

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Liu, Dong, Oliver Lord, and Peter E. J. Flewitt. "Calibration of Raman Spectroscopy in the Stress Measurement of Air-Plasma-Sprayed Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia." Applied Spectroscopy 66, no. 10 (2012): 1204–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/12-06676.

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31

Furness, G. O., P. A. Magarey, P. M. Miller, and H. J. Drew. "Fruit tree and vine sprayer calibration based on canopy size and length of row: unit canopy row method." Crop Protection 17, no. 8 (1998): 639–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0261-2194(98)00064-7.

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32

Zhou, Feng, Wenqing Shui, Yu Lu, Pengyuan Yang, and Yinlong Guo. "High accuracy mass measurement of peptides with internal calibration using a dual electrospray ionization sprayer system for protein identification." Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 16, no. 6 (2002): 505–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.603.

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33

Smith, Michael W. "Relationship of Trunk Size to Selected Canopy Size Parameters for Native Pecan Trees." HortScience 43, no. 3 (2008): 784–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.43.3.784.

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Trees in a native pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) C. Koch.] grove vary in size, age, and genotype and tree spacing pattern is not uniform. This presents some problems for managing tree density, calibrating pesticide sprayers, and other management tasks. Trunk and canopy diameters and tree height of diverse sizes of native pecan trees in managed groves were measured and the relationships of cross-sectional trunk area with canopy footprint, surface area, and volume were determined. The canopy footprint, surface area, and volume per hectare were then calculated for the recommended stocking

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34

Kappertz, M., C. Hoven, F. Pauly, R. Lohoff, and G. Natour. "Target preparation of low-pressure cold-sprayed metal powder coatings to create defined micro-leakage." Practical Metallography 59, no. 10 (2022): 615–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pm-2022-0057.

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Abstract Defined micro-leaks have been used as reference leaks in non-destructive testing for many years, for example in the adjustment, calibration and functional testing of helium leak detectors. Test leaks are also used in non-destructive testing training to teach the staff how to detect these “invisible” leaks. The traditional production of test specimens with defined leakage, however, is timecon suming and expensive. In addition, these specimens are susceptible to impacts and can break easily. A new approach for producing robust specimens with defined leakage is gas dynamic cold spraying,

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Maia, Bruno, and Joao P. A. R. Cunha. "Computer program for distance learning of pesticide application technology." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 83, no. 4 (2011): 1413–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652011005000038.

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Distance learning presents great potential for mitigating field problems on pesticide application technology. Thus, due to the lack of teaching material about pesticide spraying technology in the Portuguese language and the increasing availability of distance learning, this study developed and evaluated a computer program for distance learning about the theory of pesticide spraying technology using the tools of information technology. The modules comprising the course, named Pulverizar, were: (1) Basic concepts, (2) Factors that affect application, (3) Equipments, (4) Spraying nozzles, (5) Spr

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Koegl, Matthias, Kevin Baderschneider, Florian J. Bauer, et al. "Analysis of the LIF/Mie Ratio from Individual Droplets for Planar Droplet Sizing: Application to Gasoline Fuels and Their Mixtures with Ethanol." Applied Sciences 9, no. 22 (2019): 4900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9224900.

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In this work, the possibility of using planar droplet sizing (PDS) based on laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) and Mie scattering was investigated within the framework of measuring the droplet Sauter mean diameter (SMD) of direct-injection spark-ignition (DISI) spray systems. For this purpose, LIF and Mie signals of monodisperse fuel droplets produced by a droplet generator were studied at engine relevant diameters (20–50 µm). The surrogate gasoline fuel Toliso (consisting of 65 vol. % isooctane, 35 vol. % toluene) and the biofuel blend E20 (consisting of 80 vol. % Toliso, 20 vol. % ethanol) wer

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Yi, Ping, Yunpeng Fu, and Tie Li. "EFFECTS OF DROPLET EVAPORATION ON CALIBRATION OF KH-RT BREAK-UP MODEL FOR HIGH-PRESSURE EVAPORATING DIESEL SPRAYS." Atomization and Sprays 32, no. 3 (2022): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/atomizspr.2021038119.

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38

Schulte Holthausen, Robert, and Oliver Weichold. "Single-Sided Nuclear Magnetic Resonance as a Non-Invasive Tool to Evaluate Sprayed Polymer Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 1122 (August 2015): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1122.185.

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Single-sided nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a powerful tool to evaluate building-material properties such as layer thickness, moisture content, and ageing. Due to its simple setup, it is potentially applicable on site. It is non-invasive with a high depth resolution and makes a number of parameters for planning and executing the rehabilitation of buildings as well as for quality assurance easy accessible. In this paper, we focus on the quality assurance of a sprayed polymer-concrete (SPC), which was recently developed by Massenberg GmbH and the Institute of Building Materials Research (ib

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Zhu, Zhong Xiang, Yan He, Zhi Qiang Zhai, Jin Yi Liu, and En Rong Mao. "Research on Cotton Row Detection Algorithm Based on Binocular Vision." Applied Mechanics and Materials 670-671 (October 2014): 1222–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.670-671.1222.

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As a relative locating method, machine vision is generally used for automatic navigation of cotton cultivator or cotton insecticide sprayer. However, it is difficult to achieve reliable and stable recognition of crop row with monocular stereo vision system, because it neither can access directly to the depth information of the image, which leads to massive time-consuming calculation, nor possess high-accuracy recognition or a good anti-noise property. This paper presents an algorithm for cotton row detection based on binocular stereo vision to be used for automatic navigation of cotton cultiva

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Kuz’mina, Natalia E., Sergey V. Moiseev, Elena Y. Severinova, Evgenii A. Stepanov, and Natalia D. Bunyatyan. "Identification and Quantification by NMR Spectroscopy of the 22R and 22S Epimers in Budesonide Pharmaceutical Forms." Molecules 27, no. 7 (2022): 2262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27072262.

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The authors developed four variants of the qNMR technique (1H or 13C nucleus, DMSO-d6 or CDCl3 solvent) for identification and quantification by NMR of 22R and 22S epimers in budesonide active pharmaceutical ingredient and budesonide drugs (sprays, capsules, tablets). The choice of the qNMR technique version depends on the drug excipients. The correlation of 1H and 13C spectra signals to molecules of different budesonide epimers was carried out on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of experimental spectral NMR data (1H-1H gCOSY, 1H-13C gHSQC, 1H-13C gHMBC, 1H-1H ROESY). This technique makes

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Weidmann, Peter, Ulrich Weber, Siegfried Schmauder, and Venancio Martínez García. "Investigation of Influence Factors on Residual Stress Determination within Coated Surfaces in Consideration of the Differential and Integral Method." Advanced Materials Research 996 (August 2014): 307–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.996.307.

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To improve the surface behavior of metal structures, like wear-and heat resistance or hardness, often thermally sprayed ceramic coatings are applied. A modern technology to realize dense layers is the High Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) technique. The deposition process and necessary pretreatments can cause high residual stresses within the coating and the substrate. While tensile stresses in the brittle coating may cause cracks, compressive stress states can even improve the materials behavior. To guarantee high product quality, it is necessary to know exactly the occurring residual stresses in

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Obelode, Esther, and Jens Gibmeier. "Influence of the Interfacial Roughness on Residual Stress Analysis of Thick Film Systems by Incremental Hole Drilling." Materials Science Forum 768-769 (September 2013): 136–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.768-769.136.

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Thick film systems with coating thicknesses between 50 and 1000 µm are often fabricated by thermal spray processes. During the deposition and due to the substrate pre-treatment residual stresses, which influence the coating properties, develop. Due to the substrate preconditioning thermal spray coatings exhibit a large interfacial roughness. This study investigates the application of the incremental hole-drilling method on thermal spray coatings. The focus is on the influence of the interfacial roughness on the residual stress evaluation. A systematic FE-study was carried out in order to minim

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Mali, Bhagwat D., та Kartik A. Ambade. "Paper Chromatographic Method for Identification and Semiquantitative Determination of Pyridine and α-Picoline in Denatured Spirit, French Polish, and their Derived Preparations". Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 68, № 1 (1985): 105–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/68.1.105.

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Abstract A paper chromatographic method is described for determination of pyridine and a-picoline in ordinary denatured spirit, french polish, and their derived illicit liquors. The method is based on conversion of the pyridine bases to their salts (sulfate or hydrochloride). The salt residue is subjected to 2-dimensional paper chromatography on filter paper, using methanol-butanol-acetic acid-ethyl acetate (20 + 10 + 1 + 10) as developing solvents, and is sprayed uniformly with sodium rhodizonate followed by barium chloride (for sulfate salts), or ammmoniacal silver nitrate followed by fluore

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Viret, O., J. L. Spring, V. Zufferey, et al. "Past and future of sustainable viticulture in Switzerland." BIO Web of Conferences 15 (2019): 01013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20191501013.

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Switzerland is a pioneer country in the development of integrated production (IP) and integrated pest management (IPM). The overall goal is sustainability at the ecological, economic and social level to produce high quality grapes. In 1993, the IP-IPM head-organisation VITISWISS was created. The starting points were the improvement of pest management by the biocontrol of spider mites and the control of grape berry moths by mating disruption and an optimal soil management, followed over the years by state-of-the-art sprayer calibration, development of disease forecasting models (AgroMeteo, Viti

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Wright, Glenn C., and Stephen E. Poe. "(149) Arizona Farm Safety Day." HortScience 40, no. 4 (2005): 1045B—1045. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.4.1045b.

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Arizona Farm Safety Day has been held annually since 2000 as an attempt to educate students and farm workers (pesticide applicators, tractor and equipment operators, irrigators, and field workers) in farm safety. Our programs have emphasized tractor safety, pesticide safety, ATV safety, electrical safety, and firearms safety. The all-day events have been held in Yuma and in Safford, Ariz., and most of the attendees are high school students. Agriculture students from six to eight high schools typically participate. The agenda is determined by consulting with local agriculture leaders. Attendees

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Tillmann, Wolfgang, David Kokalj, Dominic Stangier, Volker Schöppner, and Hatice Malatyali. "Combining Thermal Spraying and Magnetron Sputtering for the Development of Ni/Ni-20Cr Thin Film Thermocouples for Plastic Flat Film Extrusion Processes." Coatings 9, no. 10 (2019): 603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9100603.

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In the digitalization of production, temperature determination is playing an increasingly important role. Thermal spraying and magnetron sputtering were combined for the development of Ni/Ni-20Cr thin film thermocouples for plastic flat film extrusion processes. On the thermally sprayed insulation layer, AlN and BCN thin films were deposited and analyzed regarding their structural properties and the interaction between the plastic melt and the surfaces using Ball-on-Disc experiments and High-Pressure Capillary Rheometer. A modular tool, containing the deposited Ni/Ni-20Cr thin film thermocoupl

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Mishra, Yogeshwar Nath, Timo Tscharntke, Elias Kristensson, and Edouard Berrocal. "Application of SLIPI-Based Techniques for Droplet Size, Concentration, and Liquid Volume Fraction Mapping in Sprays." Applied Sciences 10, no. 4 (2020): 1369. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10041369.

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Structured laser illumination planar imaging (SLIPI)-based techniques have been employed during the past decade for addressing multiple light scattering issues in spray imaging. In this article, SLIPI droplet sizing based on the intensity ratio of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) over Mie scattering (SLIPI-LIF/Mie) and SLIPI-Scan for extinction-coefficient (µe) mapping are applied simultaneously. In addition, phase Doppler anemometry (PDA) and numerical calculations based on the Lorenz–Mie theory are also employed in order to extract the droplets Sauter mean diameter (SMD), the droplets number

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Zhang, Ping, and Ering Nordlund. "A 3DEC Numerical Analysis of the Interaction Between an Uneven Rock Surface and Shotcrete Lining." Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering 54, no. 5 (2021): 2267–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00603-021-02399-x.

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AbstractRock tunnels excavated using drilling and blasting technique in jointed rock masses often have a very uneven and rough excavation surface. Experience from previous studies shows that the unevenness of a rock surface has a large impact on the support effect of shotcrete lining. However, clear conclusions regarding the effect of 2D and 3D uneven surfaces were not obtained due to limited studies in the literature. The numerical analyses reported in this paper were made to investigate the influence of the surface unevenness of a circular tunnel opening on the support effect of shotcrete us

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Grzelak, Edyta M., Barbara Majer-Dziedzic, and Irena M. Choma. "Development of a Novel Direct Bioautography–Thin-Layer Chromatography Test: Optimization of Growth Conditions for Gram-Negative Bacteria, Escherichia coli." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 94, no. 5 (2011): 1567–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoac.10-385.

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Abstract With the aim of developing a TLC-direct bioautography assay using Escherichia coli as test bacteria, various parameters influencing the viability of microorganisms on TLC plates were examined and checked for flumequine standards. The optimal times for preincubation and incubation of bacterial broth were 20 h at 37°C and 2 h at 37°C, respectively. The optimal viscosity of the broth was obtained for 0.05% agarose solution in Mueller-Hinton broth. Various incubation times of the seeded TLC plates were also tested (5 h proved to be optimal). After incubation, the plates were sprayed with

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Soponar, Florin, Augustin C. MoŢ, and Costel Sârbu. "High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography and Three-Dimensional Image Analysis for the Determination of Rutin in Pharmaceutical Preparations." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 93, no. 3 (2010): 804–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/93.3.804.

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Abstract A novel HPTLC method was developed for fast and simple quantitative determination of rutin in pharmaceutical preparations. The proposed method combines the advantages of HPTLC with the comfort and the convenience of digital processing of images. For the separation of rutin, silica gel with attached amino groups was used as the stationary phase and ethyl acetateformic acidmethanolwater (10 + 0.9 + 1.1 + 1.7, v/v/v/v) as the mobile phase. The chromatographic plate was sprayed with 2-aminoethyldiphenyl borate solution for visual detection of the spots. For the construction of a three-dim

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