Journal articles: 'Callisthène'

1

Trehuedic, Kevin. "Le spectacle du pouvoir. Callisthène et la panoplie d’Alexandre." Pallas, no. 104 (August 17, 2017): 315–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/pallas.7831.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Thierry, Christophe. "Callisthène, Aristote, Diogène: Alexandre le Grand face au sage dans trois pièces brèves de Hans Sachs." Troianalexandrina 17 (January 2017): 81–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/j.troia.5.115128.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Hornblower, Simon. "Paul Pédech: Historiens, Compagnons d'Alexandre. Callisthène–Onésicrite–Néarque–Ptolémée–Aristobule. Pp. 416. Paris: Les Belles Lettres, 1984. Paper." Classical Review 38, no. 1 (April 1988): 144–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009840x00113848.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Corrêa, Dirceu de B., Lourdes F. B. Guerra, Adolfo P. De Pádua, and Otto R. Gottlieb. "Ellagic acids from Callisthene major." Phytochemistry 24, no. 8 (January 1985): 1860–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9422(00)82574-1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

GUARIM, V. L. M. S., E. C. C. MORAES, G. T. PRANCE, and J. A. RATTER. "INVENTORY OF A MESOTROPHIC CALLISTHENE CERRADÃO IN THE PANTANAL OF MATO GROSSO, BRAZIL." Edinburgh Journal of Botany 57, no. 3 (November 2000): 429–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960428600000408.

Full text

Abstract:

This study treats some structural aspects of a population of Callisthene fasciculata (Spr.) Mart. growing on a ridge in the Pantanal of Poconé, in Mato Grosso State, Brazil. The project was carried out in 1ha of cerradão (savanna forest) at Fazenda Retiro Campo Largo, Poconé. Callisthene fasciculata is a common species in the cerradão. Formations of C. fasciculata, regionally denominated `carvoeiro' and/or `carvoal', occur frequently. This species is of economic importance because of its use for fence posts, charcoal and firewood. Data on its population structure were analysed and are presented based on the circumference class categories at breast height (cbh) and variation in height. The 869 individual trees in the sample hectare included 17 families and 33 species, and were dominated by the 229 individuals of C. fasciculata.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Shimizu, Gustavo Hiroaki, and Deise Josely Pereira Gonçalves. "Flora das cangas da Serra dos Carajás, Pará, Brasil: Vochysiaceae." Rodriguésia 68, no. 3spe (2017): 1159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201768351.

Full text

Abstract:

Resumo Este estudo apresenta as espécies de Vochysiaceae que ocorrem em vegetação de canga na Serra dos Carajás, no estado do Pará, Brasil, incluindo descrições morfológicas, ilustrações e comentários. Foram registradas quatro espécies: Callisthene microphylla, Qualea multiflora, Q. parviflora e Vochysia haenkeana.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Bosworth, A. B. "Plutarch, Callisthenes and the Peace of Callias." Journal of Hellenic Studies 110 (November 1990): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/631729.

Full text

Abstract:

The continuing and polemical debate over the authenticity of the Peace of Callias has become so complicated that it would be a positive service to scholarship to remove some of the more contentious evidence and reduce the scope of the argument. That is the object of this article. A fragment of Callisthenes has bulked very large in the modern literature. According to the received view the Olynthian historian denied the existence of a formal peace between Athens and the Persian King and alleged that the King observed a de facto limit to his empire, never venturing west of the Chelidonian islands. For sceptics this is grist to the mill. A writer of the mid-fourth century rejected the Athenian patriotic tradition, and it is assumed that he had good reason to do so. On the other hand defenders of the authenticity of the Peace stumble over Callisthenes' apparent denial and are forced to counter-denial or to sophistry. What is common to both camps is a tendency to refer to the evidence of Callisthenes without noting that the original text is lost. The ‘fragment’ (which it is not) is preserved by Plutarch in a sophisticated passage of source criticism and due attention needs to be paid to his mode of citation. Only then can we begin to elicit what Callisthenes may have said and reconstruct the probable context in his historical exposition. As always, we need to approach the unknown through proper study of the known.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

O’Sullivan, Lara. "Reinventing Proskynesis: Callisthenes and the Peripatetic School." Historia 69, no. 3 (2020): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.25162/historia-2020-0012.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Mayworm, Marco A. S., Marcos S. Buckeridge, Ursula M. L. Marquez, and Antonio Salatino. "Nutritional reserves of Vochysiaceae seeds: chemical diversity and potential economic uses." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 83, no. 2 (June 2011): 523–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652011000200012.

Full text

Abstract:

Contents of proteins, carbohydrates and oil of seeds of 57 individuals of Vochysiaceae, involving one species of Callisthene, six of Qualea, one of Salvertia and eight of Vochysia were determined. The main nutritional reserves of Vochysiaceae seeds are proteins (20% in average) and oils (21. 6%). Mean of carbohydrate contents was 5. 8%. Callisthene showed the lowest protein content (16. 9%), while Q. cordata was the species with the highest content (30% in average). The contents of ethanol soluble carbohydrates were much higher than those of water soluble carbohydrates. Oil contents lay above 20% for most species (30. 4% in V. pygmaea and V. pyramidalis seeds). The predominant fatty acids are lauric (Q. grandiflora), oleic (Qualea and Salvertia) or acids with longer carbon chains (Salvertia and a group of Vochysia species). The distribution of Vochysiaceae fatty acids suggests for seeds of some species an exploitation as food sources (predominance of oleic acid), for other species an alternative to cocoa butter (high contents or predominance of stearic acid) or the production of lubricants, surfactants, detergents, cosmetics and plastic (predominance of acids with C20 or C22 chains) or biodiesel (predominance of monounsaturated acids). The possibility of exploitation of Vochysiaceae products in a cultivation regimen and in extractive reserves is discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Francisca de Souza, Luzia. "A família VOCHYSIACEAE A.St.- Hil. na microrregião Sudoeste Goiano - The family VOCHYSIACEAE A.St.- Hil. in the microregion Southwest Goiás-." Revista de Biologia Neotropical 11, no. 1 (March 2, 2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5216/rbn.v11i1.25502.

Full text

Abstract:

A família Vochysiaceae St.-Hill. inclui oito gêneros e cerca de 200 espécies, distribuídas na América do Sul, Central e África Tropical Ocidental. As espécies americanas são comuns no planalto Central do Brasil; em sua maioria possuem potencial ornamental e medicinal. Este trabalho apresenta a listagem e chaves para identificação de gêneros e espécies ocorrentes na microrregião Sudoeste de Goiás, baseada em materiais depositados em herbários brasileiros. Os gêneros mais ricos em espécies são Vochysia (seis) e Qualea (tres); Callisthene e Salvertia são monoespecificos na região.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Gonçalves, Deise Josely Pereira, Gustavo Hiroaki Shimizu, Kikyo Yamamoto, and João Semir. "Vochysiaceae na região do Planalto de Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brasil." Rodriguésia 68, no. 1 (March 2017): 159–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201768124.

Full text

Abstract:

Resumo Vochysiaceae está representada no Brasil por ca. 160 espécies distribuídas principalmente na Floresta Amazônica, na Floresta Atlântica e no Cerrado. O Planalto de Diamantina localiza-se ao norte da Serra do Cipó e ao sul de Grão Mogol, na porção centro-sul da Cadeia do Espinhaço. Na área de estudo foram inventariadas 22 espécies pertencentes à família Vochysiaceae, distribuídas nos gêneros Vochysia (13 spp.), Qualea (5 spp.), Callisthene (3 spp.) e Salvertia (1 sp.). São apresentadas chaves para identificação e descrições morfológicas de gêneros e espécies, além de informações sobre a distribuição geográfica, comentários taxonômicos, ecológicos e ilustrações de caracteres diagnósticos.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Gonçalves, Deise Josely Pereira, Rosana Romero, and Kikyo Yamamoto. "Vochysiaceae no Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra, Minas Gerais, Brasil." Rodriguésia 64, no. 4 (December 2013): 863–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s2175-78602013000400014.

Full text

Abstract:

No Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra, localizado a sudoeste do estado de Minas Gerais, foram encontradas 11 espécies de quatro gêneros da família Vochysiaceae: Vochysia, com cinco espécies (V. cinnamomea Pohl, V. elliptica Mart., V. sessilifolia Warm., V. thyrsoidea Pohl e V. tucanorum Mart.), Qualea com quatro espécies (Q. cordata Spreng., Q. grandiflora Mart., Q. multiflora Mart. e Q. parviflora Mart.) e Callisthene e Salvertia com uma espécie cada, C. major Mart. e S. convallariodora A.St.-Hil. O presente artigo fornece chave de identificação e descrições das espécies, dados de distribuição geográfica, comentários taxonômicos e ilustrações dos caracteres diagnósticos.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Yamazaki, Lúcia, Vanessa França Vindica, Marinêz Isaac Marques, and Leandro Dênis Battirola. "Arthropods associated with Callisthene fasciculata (Vochysiaceae) canopy in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso, Brazil." Revista Colombiana de Entomología 46, no. 1 (August 20, 2020): e10168. http://dx.doi.org/10.25100/socolen.v46i1.10168.

Full text

Abstract:

Studies on arthropods associated with tropical rainforest canopies contribute to a further understanding of forest canopy community dynamics and their relationship to the structure and function of this ecosystem. This study evaluated arthropod community composition in monodominant Callisthene fasciculata forest canopy throughout the high water and dry periods in the northern region of the Pantanal in Mato Grosso, Brazil, as a part of a project about arboreal canopy arthropods associated with monodominant areas in this region. Sampling was conducted on 12 individuals of C. fasciculata, six from the high-water season (2010) and six from the dry season (2011), using insecticide fogging. A total of 28,197 arthropods were collected. Hymenoptera (the majority being Formicidae), Diptera, Acari, Thysanoptera, Hemiptera and Coleoptera, were the most representative groups. Although the analysis did not show variation in the abundance of individuals between the high water and dry seasons, the arthropod community varied significantly in taxa composition. Opiliones, Embioptera, Ephemeroptera and Scorpiones occurred only during the high-water period, with Polyxenida and Strepsiptera occurring only in the dry season. Thysanoptera was more abundant in the dry season, showing a relationship with the beginning of the C. fasciculata flowering period. In general, the high water and dry seasons maintain distinct communities in this habitat, illustrating how the temporal variation in the phenology of C. fasciculata imposed by the Pantanal’s hydrological regime alters the composition of the associated arthropod communities in the canopy of these monodominant formations in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Souza, M. C., T. C. R. Williams, C. Poschenrieder, S. Jansen, M. H. O. Pinheiro, I. P. Soares, and A. C. Franco. "Calcicole behaviour of Callisthene fasciculata Mart., an Al‐accumulating species from the Brazilian Cerrado." Plant Biology 22, no. 1 (August 30, 2019): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/plb.13036.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Cook, Brad L. "Krzysztof Nawotka: The Alexander Romance by Ps.-Callisthenes. A Historical Commen-tary." Gnomon 92, no. 1 (2020): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17104/0017-1417-2020-1-13.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Alonso-Nunez, J. M. "(P.) Pédech Historiens, compagnons d'Alexandre: Callisthène, Onésicrite, Néarque, Ptolémée, Aristobule. (Collection d'études anciennes.) Paris: Les Belles Lettres. 1984. Pp. 416. Price not stated. - (L.) Prandi Callistene: uno storico tra Aristotele e i re macedoni. (Le Edizioni universitarie Jaca, 17: ricerche dell' Istituto di Storia antica dell 'Università Cattolica, 3.) Milan: Jaca Book. 1985. Pp. 208. L 29,000." Journal of Hellenic Studies 107 (November 1987): 209–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/630108.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Lucheta, Fabiane, Gabriel Nicolini, Gerson Luiz Ely Junior, Marilaine Tremarin, Marelise Teixeira, Úrsula Arend, Natália Mossmann Koch, and Elisete Maria de Freitas. "Phytosociological study of a riverine forest remnant from Taquari river, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil." Hoehnea 45, no. 1 (January 2018): 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2236-8906-79/2017.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT Aiming to characterize the structure of the arboreal community in a riverine forest remnant of the Taquari river, State of Rio Grande do Sul, 42 sampling units of 100 m2 (10 × 10 m) were located. Phytosociological parameters were also assessed and the indexes of Shannon diversity (H') and Pielou evenness (J) were evaluated. A total of 39 species, 21 families, 2.83 nats ind-1 for H' and 0.77 for J were recorded. Among the species found, the endemic Callisthene inundata O.L. Bueno, A.D. Nilson & R.G. Magalh. and Picrasma crenata (Vell.) Engl. are included in the list of endangered species. The density found was of 1,557.14 ind ha-1. Luehea divaricata Mart. and Lonchocarpus nitidus Benth. showed the highest indexes of importance values. Besides contributing to the knowledge of species distribution and community structure, this study points out the need for conservation of existing native forest remnants.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Custódio, Luciana Nascimento, Renata Carmo-Oliveira, Clesnan Mendes-Rodrigues, and Paulo Eugênio Oliveira. "Pre-dispersal seed predation and abortion in species of Callisthene and Qualea (Vochysiaceae) in a Neotropical savanna." Acta Botanica Brasilica 28, no. 3 (September 2014): 309–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0102-33062014abb3064.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Oliveira, Ademir Kleber Morbeck, Simone Alves Souza, Juliana Santos Souza, and Junior Manoel Braga Carvalho. "TEMPERATURE AND SUBSTRATE INFLUENCES ON SEED GERMINATION AND SEEDLING FORMATION IN Callisthene fasciculata Mart. (VOCHYSIACEAE) IN THE LABORATORY1." Revista Árvore 39, no. 3 (June 2015): 487–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-67622015000300009.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACTCallisthene fasciculata Mart. is a tree belonging to the Vochysiaceae family. Its wood is moderately heavy and resistant and used to make poles, beams, and other structures. The aim of this work was to evaluate seed germination and the initial growth of seedlings of C. fasciculata at different temperatures and in different substrates. Seeds were collected from fruits in the Pantanal de Miranda, Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil. In one experiment, the seeds were subjected to constant temperatures of 20, 25, 30 and 35 °C and to alternating temperatures of 20-30 and 25-35 °C (on paper substrate). In another experiment, the seeds were subjected to temperatures of 20 and 25 °C on three substrates (sand, vermiculite and between paper) in a germinator. The experiment had a randomized design, with four replicates of 25 seeds per treatment. The F-values obtained for germination indicated no significant effect of substrate or temperature on the final germination percentage. The analyses revealed no effect of a treatment interaction (temperature x substrate) on either germination or average germination time; however, a treatment interaction effect was observed on the germination speed index. The treatment combinations yielding the best performance were between paper substrate at 20 °C and sand substrate at 25 °C. There was a significant effect of the interaction between temperature and substrate on seedling growth, with increased root growth observed in the between paper substrate at 25 °C and increased aerial component growth in both sand at 20 °C and vermiculite at 25 °C. The between paper treatment at 25 °C yielded the greatest final seedling size. Between paper is the most recommended substrate for the production of seedlings due to its ease of handling and lower probability of contamination.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Silva, Manoela F. F. da. "Distribuição de metais pesados na vegetação metalófica de Carajás." Acta Botanica Brasilica 6, no. 1 (July 1992): 107–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-33061992000100009.

Full text

Abstract:

O presente estudo foi desenvolvido na Serra Norte, que é uma das formadoras do complexo mineral de Carajás, localizada no Município de Paraupebas, Estado do Pará. Foi procedida a determinação de metais pesados em tecido vegetal e solo. As cinco espécies vegetais selecionadas para o estudo foram: Bauhinia pulchella Bentham (Leguminosae Caesalpinioideae) - Cuphea annullata Koehne (Lythraceae) - Ipomoea cavalcantei D. Austin (Convolvulaceae) - Mimosa acutistipula vslt. ferrea Barneby (Leguminosae Mimosoideae) e Callisthene minor Mart. (Vochysiaceae). Os metais analisados foram: Ferro (Fe), Manganês (Mn), Cobre (Cu), Níquel (Ni), Cromo (Cr) e Chumbo (Pb). Os teores de metais trocáveis no solo apresentaram-se semelhantes no início e centro da jazida mineral. As cinco espécies analisadas apresentaram níveis anormais de Fe, Ni e Cr em seus tecidos. Todas as espécies são, portanto, tolerantes aos metais em apreço. Supõem-se que os mesmos estejam interagindo entre si neutralizando mutuamente seus efeitos danosos às plantas. Esta interação é uma forma de tolerância. A espécie Bauhinia pulchella sobressaiu-se das demais na acumulação de Ni, é possível que a concentração de Ni esteja relacionado à condições xerofíticas do ambiente edáfico.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Konstantakos, Ioannis M. "The Flying King: the novelistic Alexander (Pseudo-Callisthenes 2.41) and the traditions of the Ancient Orient." Classica - Revista Brasileira de Estudos Clássicos 33, no. 1 (May 31, 2020): 105–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24277/classica.v33i1.898.

Full text

Abstract:

The story of Alexander’s flight is preserved in early Byzantine versions of the Alexander Romance (codex L, recensions λ and γ) but is already mentioned by Rabbi Jonah of Tiberias (4th century AD) in the Jerusalem Talmud. The narrative must have been created between the late Hellenistic period and the early Imperial age. Although there are differences in details, the main storyline is common in all versions. Alexander fabricates a basket or large bag, which hangs from a yoke and is lifted into the air by birds of prey; Alexander guides the birds upwards by baiting them with a piece of meat fixed on a long spear. The same story-pattern is found in oriental tales about the Iranian king Kai Kāūs and the Babylonian Nimrod. Kai Kāūs’ adventure was included in the Zoroastrian Avesta and must have been current in the Iranian mythical tradition during the first millennium BCE. It is then transmitted by Medieval Islamic authors (Ṭabarī, Bal‘amī, Firdausī, Tha‘ālibī, Dīnawarī), who ultimately depend on Sasanian historical compilations, in which the early mythology of Iran had been collected. The story of Kai Kāūs’ ascension is earlier than Pseudo-Callisthenes’ narrative and contains a clear indication of morphological priority: in some versions the Persian king flies while seated on his throne, which reflects a very ancient and widespread image of royal iconography in Iran and Assyria. Probably Alexander’s aerial journey was derived from an old oriental tradition of tales about flying kings, to which the stories of Kai Kāūs and Nimrod also belonged. The throne had to be eliminated from Alexander’s story, because the episode was set during Alexander’s wanderings at the extremities of the world. The Macedonian king had therefore to fabricate his flying vehicle from readily available materials. Later, after the diffusion of Pseudo-Callisthenes’ romance in the Orient, the tale of Alexander’s ascension might have exercised secondary influence on some versions of the stories of Kai Kāūs and Nimrod, regarding specific details such as the use of the bait.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Zivkovic, Milos. "On Byzantine origins of figural miniatures of Belgrade Alexandride." Zograf, no. 37 (2013): 169–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zog1337169z.

Full text

Abstract:

The late antique literary biography of Alexander the Great known as Pseudo-Callisthenes? Alexander Romance was remarkably popular reading both in Byzantium and in the West in the middle ages. This literary work was also translated into Serbian Slavonic. Two extensively illustrated manuscripts of the ?Serbian Alexandride?, and one decorated with only a few drawings are known. The paper discusses the iconographic features of the oldest of the known manuscripts, the so-called Belgrade Alexandride, which is commonly dated to the second half or the end of the fourteenth century. The research is particularly focused on the costumes of the depicted figures. The findings of the research suggest that the iconographic solutions of the miniatures are of Byzantine origin and that earlier views suggesting West-European influences on their shaping are not founded.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Finger, Zenesio, and Felipe Augusto Finger. "FITOSSOCIOLOGIA EM COMUNIDADES ARBÓREAS REMANESCENTES DE CERRADO SENSU STRICTO NO BRASIL CENTRAL." FLORESTA 45, no. 4 (September 1, 2015): 769. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rf.v45i4.30860.

Full text

Abstract:

Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar o estrato arbóreo das comunidades de cerrado sensu stricto mediante avaliações da riqueza, estrutura e diversidade. Os dados da vegetação foram obtidos empregando-se o método de parcelas múltiplas, com tamanho de 20 x 20 m (400 m2). Em cada uma das 82 unidades amostrais foram obtidas a altura total e as circunferências de todas as plantas arbóreas com perímetro a 0,30 m do nível do solo (PAB) maior ou igual a 15,7 cm (DAB ³ 5,0 cm). A partir da parcela 60 (24.000 m2 da área amostrada) a curva estabilizou-se com a ocorrência de 106 espécies, distribuídas entre 81 gêneros e 36 famílias, indicando que a amostragem foi suficiente para caracterizar e avaliar as vegetações de cerrado sensu stricto estudadas. As espécies com maior VI foram: Qualea parviflora, Curatella americana, Davilla elliptica, Qualea grandiflora, Pterodon emarginatus, Lafoensia pacari, Diptychandra aurantiaca, Myrcia albo-tomentosa, Caryocar brasiliense, Byrsonima pachyphylla, Byrsonima coccolobifolia, Hymenaea stigonocarpa, Callisthene fasciculata, Luehea paniculata, Magonia pubescens, Terminalia argentea, Erythroxylum deciduum, Couepia grandiflora e Pouteria ramiflora. A diversidade da vegetação arbórea encontrada na área estudada foi de 4,033 nats/ind. pelo índice de Shannon e de 0,975 pelo de Simpson, indicando alta diversidade florística. AbstractPhytosociology of the arboreal communities remainders of sensu stricto cerrado in Central Brazil. This study has a objective to characterize the cerrado sensu stricto communities' arboreal stratum by evaluations of the richness, structures and diversity. Data of vegetation were obtained by the method of multiple plots, with size of 20 x 20 m (400 m2). In each one of the 82 patternless units were obtained the total height and the circumferences of all the arboreal plants with perimeter to 0.30 m from the level of the soil (PAB) larger or equal to 15.7 cm (DAB 5.0 cm). From the plot 60 (24.000 m2 out of the area used as sample) the curve is stabilized with the occurrence of 106 species, distributed between 81 genera and 36 families, indicating that the sampling was enough to characterize and to evaluate the vegetations of cerrado sensu stricto studied. The species with larger VI were: Qualea parviflora, Curatella americana, Davilla elliptica, Qualea grandiflora, Pterodon emarginatus, Lafoensia pacari, Diptychandra aurantiaca, Myrcia albo-tomentosa, Caryocar brasiliense, Byrsonima pachyphylla, Byrsonima coccolobifolia, Hymenaea stigonocarpa, Callisthene fasciculata, Luehea paniculata, Magonia pubescens, Terminalia argentea, Erythroxylum deciduum, Couepia grandiflora and Pouteria ramiflora. The diversity from the arboreal vegetation found in the area being studied was of 4.033 nats/ind. considering the Shannon Index and of 0.975 considering the Simpson Index, representing a great floristic diversity.Keywords: Phytosociological structures; richness; diversity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

BOSWORTH, A. BRIAN. "Plus çça change……. Ancient Historians and their Sources." Classical Antiquity 22, no. 2 (October 1, 2003): 167–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ca.2003.22.2.167.

Full text

Abstract:

This article addresses the problem of veracity in ancient historiography. It contests some recent views that the criteria of truth in historical writing were comparable to the standards of forensic rhetoric. Against this I contend that the historians of antiquity did follow their sources with commendable fi delity, superimposing a layer of comment but not adding independent material. To illustrate the point I examine the techniques of the Alexander historian, Q. Curtius Rufus, comparing his treatment of events with a range of other sources that reflect the same tradition. The results can be paralleled in early modern historiography, in the dispute between J. G. Droysen and K. W. Krüüger on the character of Callisthenes of Olynthus. Both operate with the same material, but give it different ““spins”” according to their political perspectives. There is error and hyperbole, but no deliberate fiction.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Umetsu, Ricardo Keichi, Pierre Girard, Dalva Maria da Silva Matos, and Carolina Joana da Silva. "Efeito da inundação lateral sobre a distribuição da vegetação ripária em um trecho do rio Cuiabá, MT." Revista Árvore 35, no. 5 (October 2011): 1077–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-67622011000600014.

Full text

Abstract:

Estudos hidrológicos e fitossociológicos foram realizados num perfil topográfico de 550 m instalado perpendicularmente ao rio Cuiabá, no Município de Rosário Oeste, MT, para analisar a influência da inundação sobre a distribuição da vegetação ripária. Utilizando os dados fluviométricos da estação de Rosário Oeste de 1966 a 2003, um modelo hidrológico de remanso em regime subcrítico foi ajustado, permitindo estabelecer a série hidrológica na área de estudo. A partir dessa série, os intervalos de recorrência nessa área foram obtidos. Os resultados sugeriram que a margem do canal principal, o canal secundário e o dique marginal, a planície de inundação e o terraço alagam a cada ~1 1,7 ano, ~1,77 2,8 anos, ~3 anos e de ~3,25 a ~39 anos, respectivamente. A espécie Combretum leprosum Mart. (Combretaceae) apresentou maior VI na margem do canal principal, Callisthene fasciculata (Spr.) Mart. (Vochysiaceae) na margem do canal principal e no terraço e Licania parvifolia Huber (Chrysobalanaceae), Cariniana estrellensis (Raddi) Kuntze. (Lecythidaceae) e Vochysia divergens Pohl. (Vochysiaceae) na planície de inundação. Os resultados indicaram que a frequência e, principalmente, o tempo de alagamento são os principais determinantes ecológicos da distribuição das espécies vegetais ao longo do perfil topográfico.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Medeiros, Marcelo Brilhante de, Bruno Machado Teles Walter, Glocimar Pereira da Silva, Beatriz Machado Gomes, Isabela Lustz Portela Lima, Suelma Ribeiro Silva, Pamela Moser, Washington Luís Oliveira, and Taciana Barbosa Cavalcanti. "Vascular Flora of the Tocantins River Middle Basin, Brazil." Check List 8, no. 5 (September 1, 2012): 852. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/8.5.852.

Full text

Abstract:

This study provides a checklist of the phanerogams and pteridophytes of the Tocantins river middle basin, in northern Goiás state and southern Tocantins state, Brazil. Herbarium samples were collected from 2000 to 2009 and this floristic survey recorded 1572 species from 135 families. The most species-rich families were Fabaceae (217), Poaceae (116), Asteraceae (88), Euphorbiaceae (65), Orchidaceae (58) and Malpighiaceae (56). Furthermore, 14 endangered species and 31 rare species were recorded, mainly associated with the campos rupestres in the Veadeiros Plateau region. The flora mainly from the phytophyisiognomies cerrado stricto sensu, campo rupestre (“rocky fields”), mata de galeria (“gallery forest”), mata ciliar (“riverine forest”) and semi-deciduous seasonal forest comprised typical species of the mid-western Cerrado floristic province, such as the most widely known woody plants Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan (popular name angico), Aspidosperma subincanum Mart. ex A. DC. (guatambú), Astronium fraxinifolium Schott ex Spreng. (gonçalo-alves), Callisthene fasciculata Mart. (pau-jacaré), Dipteryx alata Vogel (barú), Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. (mutamba) and Magonia pubescens A. St.-Hil. (tingui). This study is the first to record a wide floristic list of this important region of central Brazil.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Yamazaki, Lúcia, Juliana Dambroz, Eliandra Meurer, Vanessa França Vindica, Jacques Hubert Charles Delabie, Marinêz Isaac Marques, and Leandro Denis Batirolla. "Ant community (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) associated with Callisthene fasciculata (Spr.) Mart. (Vochysiaceae) canopies in the Pantanal of Poconé, Mato Grosso, Brazil." Sociobiology 63, no. 2 (July 20, 2016): 735. http://dx.doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v63i2.824.

Full text

Abstract:

Ants act in different trophic levels and are important due to their abundance, distribution and diversity in a variety of habitats, exercising influence on many different organisms and ecosystems. Thus, this study compared temporal variation on the structure and composition of the Formicidae community in canopies of Callisthene fasciculata (Spr.) Mart. (Vochysiaceae) during high water and dry periods, in the Pantanal of Poconé, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Ant sampling was performed on 12 specimens of C. fasciculata, in 2010 and 2011, using canopy fogging with insecticide, in a total of 120m² of sampled canopy. Altogether, 2,958 ants were collected. The 2,943 adults were distributed in four subfamilies, 12 genus and 26 species. Myrmicinae (18.7 ind./m2) was the most representative taxon, followed by Formicinae (3.2 ind./m2), Dolichoderinae (2.2 ind./m2) and Pseudomyrmecinae (0.3 ind./m2). The community is made up of six trophic groups, in which omnivorous (23.5 ind./m2) were the most prevalent, followed by minimum hypogeical generalists (0.5 ind./m2) and arboreal generalist predators (0.3 ind./m2). Although the results showed that Formicidae community richness, associated to C. fasciculata canopies, does not represent a significant difference among the seasonal periods, there are differences as to species distribution and grouping in trophic guilds on the host plant over the seasonal periods, indicating the influence of temporal variation, and therefore, habitat conditions on this community.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

BOWDEN, HUGH. "ON KISSING AND MAKING UP: COURT PROTOCOL AND HISTORIOGRAPHY IN ALEXANDER THE GREAT's ‘EXPERIMENT WITH PROSKYNESIS’." Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies 56, no. 2 (December 1, 2013): 55–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2041-5370.2013.00058.x.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract It is widely accepted that Alexander attempted to persuade his Macedonian followers to accept the Persian practice of proskynesis (possibly, but not necessarily involving prostration), that this was opposed by members of his court, and that the attempt was given up. This article re-examines the evidence and the assumptions, both ancient and modern, that lie behind the episode as reported. It argues that the words proskynesis and proskynein had a range of meanings in Greek, but were primarily associated with Greek ideas of Persian behaviour; the gestures covered by the term proskynesis were not primarily associated with the gods by Greeks; the depiction of Callisthenes as representing principled opposition to Alexander is fictitious; the objection to the adoption by Alexander of ‘barbarian’ practices reflects Roman prejudices, rather than any concern of Alexander's contemporaries; the surviving literary sources do not provide reliable evidence for any ‘experiment with proskynesis’ by Alexander.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Stoneman, Richard. "Alexander, Philotas, and the origins of modern historiography." Greece and Rome 60, no. 2 (September 16, 2013): 296–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017383513000119.

Full text

Abstract:

Alexander the Great was one of the central figures of ancient history as it was understood throughout the Middle Ages and into modern times. This article focuses on a significant change in the way in which he was represented after the arrival of humanist learning in England. While the medieval tradition, based on theAlexander Romance, generally made Alexander an unblemished knightly hero and a minister of God, in the fifteenth century a new way of thinking about him emerged that was influenced by the negative philosophical tradition represented by Seneca and Quintus Curtius. A central feature of such treatments was his cruelty: in earlier authors this was exemplified by the killings of the philosopher Callisthenes and of his childhood friend Cleitus. But in the Renaissance the judgement attached itself instead to the execution of Philotas, reflecting both a new critical approach to history and a new understanding of the legitimacy of kingly power.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Yamazaki, L., W. O. Sousa, G. H. Rosado-Neto, L. D. Battirola, and M. I. Marques. "First report of Typophorus florigradus Bechyné & Špringlová, 1961 (Chrysomelidae, Eumolpinae) on Callisthene fasciculata (Spr.) Mart. (Vochysiaceae) in the Brazilian Pantanal." Scientific Electronic Archives 13, no. 8 (July 31, 2020): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.36560/13820201154.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Felfili, Jeanine Maria, Paulo Ernane Nogueira, Manoel Cláudio da Silva Júnior, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, and Welington Braz Carvalho Delitti. "Composição florística e fitossociologia do cerrado sentido restrito no município de Água Boa - MT." Acta Botanica Brasilica 16, no. 1 (January 2002): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-33062002000100012.

Full text

Abstract:

O estudo foi conduzido no município de Água Boa , no Vale do Araguaia, área de ecótono entre o Cerrado e Amazônia, que apresenta um complexo vegetacional com o predomínio do cerrado. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a composição florística e a fitossociologia do cerrado sentido restrito na região. Foram alocadas dez parcelas de 20x50m (1000m²). Entraram na amostragem todos os indivíduos lenhosos com diâmetro no nível do solo igual ou superior a 5cm. Além da amostragem com identificação in loco das espécies, foram efetuadas incursões de coleta em áreas próximas, para ampliar o levantamento da composição florística. Foram encontradas 34 famílias botânicas, contendo 60 gêneros e 80 espécies. A família Leguminosae apresentou o maior número de espécies (10), seguida por Myrtaceae (7), Vochysiaceae (6) e Malpighiaceae (5). Outras 19 famílias foram representadas por uma única espécie. As espécies com maior Índice de Valor de Importância foram Curatella americana L., Qualea parviflora Mart., Callisthene fasciculata Mart., Mezilaurus crassiramea (Meiss) Taub. e Byrsonima crassa Nied. Treze espécies estiveram representadas por um único indivíduo. A densidade foi de 995 indivíduos/ha e a área basal de 7,5 m² /ha. O índice de Shannon encontrado (H') foi de 3,69, evidenciando a alta diversidade da área.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Carmo-Oliveira, Renata, and Berta Lange de Morretes. "Stigmatic surface in the Vochysiaceae: reproductive and taxonomic implications." Acta Botanica Brasilica 23, no. 3 (September 2009): 780–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-33062009000300018.

Full text

Abstract:

The Vochysiaceae are Neotropical trees and shrubs, common in the savanna areas in Central Brazil (Cerrados). The family has been traditionally divided into two tribes: Erismeae, with three genera, and Vochysieae, with five genera. We investigated the stigmatic surface of six Vochysiaceae species, belonging to four genera of Vochysieae: Vochysia, Salvertia, Callisthene and Qualea. Flowers and buds at different developmental stages were collected. Morphological features were observed on fresh material and stigmatic receptivity was inferred based on esterasic activity. Pistils were fixed and embedded in paraplast and sectioned on a rotary microtome; the sections were stained before histological analysis. Stigmas of open flowers were also observed by scanning electron microscopy. Stigmas of all species were wet and showed esterasic activity at pre-anthesis and anthesis stages. Stigmatic surface was continuous with transmitting tissue of glandular nature. Vochysia and Salvertia stigmatic surfaces were formed by multicelular uniseriate hairs, and species of the remaining genera showed papillate surface. The exudate over mature stigmas in all species flowed without rupture of stigmatic surface and pollen tubes grew down between hairs or papillae. Differences on the stigmatic surface agreed with a phylogenetic reconstruction that separated two clades and indicated that Vochysieae is not monophyletic. Stigmatic features could not be associated with pollination and breeding systems.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Charles, Michael B. "The Persian κάρδακες." Journal of Hellenic Studies 132 (September 6, 2012): 7–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s007542691200002x.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractPersian troops denominated by Greek writers as κάρδακες appear infrequently in our sources for Achaemenid history, though they are recorded as having a substantial presence at Issus (333 BC). A comprehensive study of these troops is lacking and is of potentially great importance to our understanding of the military system of the Achaemenids, particularly after Xerxes' failed enterprise against Greece, and in light of the 10,000 Immortals' general disappearance from the literary record. Whether they were (a) light or heavy infantry and (b) mercenaries or native Persians has long been the subject of debate, with no particularly conclusive results. This study dismisses Strabo as a useful source on the κάρδακες, and attempts to reconcile the divergent source traditions of Arrian, who describes them as , and Callisthenes (recorded by Polybius), who writes of Persian πελτασταί at Issus. From an investigation of a wide variety of texts, together with lexicographical sources, it is possible to conclude that the hitherto enigmatic κάρδακες were general-purpose infantry not dissimilar to Iphicratean πελτασταί, and that, collectively, they constituted an ethnically diverse infantry force.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Mavrojannis, Theodoros. "A Study on the Monumental Center of Ancient Alexandria: The Identification of the Ptolemaic Mouseion and the Urban Transformation in Late Antiquity." Klio 100, no. 1 (July 18, 2018): 242–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/klio-2018-0009.

Full text

Abstract:

Summary Among the whole burden of the written sources dealing with the urban appearance of Ptolemaic and Roman Alexandria, five or six ancient authors give us precious information which could finally offer a lead to the reconstruction of the monumental center of Alexandria: 1) Strabo, 2) Diodorus, 3) Zenobius, 4) Achilles Tatius, 5) Pseudo-Libanius and 6) Pseudo-Callisthenes. Nowadays, the written testimonia concerning the historical topography of Alexandria are severely withstanding to a hypercritical treatment, to a disapproval instead of a reappraisal.Tkazcow 2013, 687: The reconstruction of the topography of the city in the Ptolemaic and Early Roman Periods was, for a long time, based exclusively on Strabo's description (sometimes supplemented with information provided by Diodorus, Polybius and Caesar); the critic is moved against Adriani 1966 and Fraser 1972, 13–34; McKenzie 2007. Yet, there is no other way to solve the puzzle of the monumental center of Ptolemaic Alexandria, but to explain the thinking behind what the ancient authors, principally Strabo, may have seen in Alexandria as eyewitnesses.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

CARMO-OLIVEIRA, RENATA, LUCIANA NASCIMENTO CUSTÓDIO, BERTA LANGE DE MORRETES, and PAULO EUGÊNIO OLIVEIRA. "Early embryology of Vochysiaceae and some insights into its phylogeny and intrafamilial taxonomy." Phytotaxa 443, no. 3 (May 20, 2020): 211–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.443.3.1.

Full text

Abstract:

Embryological data provides insights into the taxonomy and evolution of angiosperms. Vochysiaceae is a mostly Neotropical family whose phylogenetic position was greatly influenced by reconstructions based on molecular data, and despite its monosymmetric and oligostemonous flowers, was included as a sister group of polysymmetric and polystemonous Myrtaceae. However, molecular data has yet to resolve the relationships between the genera inside the family. We analysed the early embryology of some species of five out of the six generally accepted Neotropical genera using sequential histological analyses to compare the microsporogenesis and gametogenesis and megasporogenesis and gametogenesis between clades and with the embryology of the well-studied Myrtales. We observed some marked differences in timing and developmental stages, which somewhat corroborate the clades defined from molecular data. Multiple archesporium and embryo sacs, as well as megagametophyte maturation and fertilization long after anthesis, characterized the Qualea-Ruizteranea-Callisthene (QRC) clade, while single embryo sac mature at anthesis characterized the Vochysia-Salvertia (VS) clade. Tri-cellular pollen only occurred in Salvertia convallariodora. Seven of the eight main embryological features supported the Myrtales as present in Vochysiaceae and the remaining one, inner integument with two layers of cells, was observed in some Qualea. Thus, the studied Vochysiaceae embryology conforms very well within the order and only their strongly monosymmetric and oligostemonous flowers are less common among Myrtales.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Cruz, Gabriel Venancio, José Cícero de Moura, Maria Amanda Nobre Lisboa, Brenda Luana Muniz Gonçalves, José Laécio de Moraes, Karina Vieiralves Linhares, Leonardo Silvestre Gomes Rocha, Gustavo Hiroaki Shimizu, and João Tavares Calixto Júnior. "Structure, spatial distribution and phenology of two Vochysiaceae species in Cerrado fragment in the Caatinga, Southern Ceará, Brazil." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 5 (April 28, 2021): e8610514649. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i5.14649.

Full text

Abstract:

The family Vochysiaceae, representative for Brazilian Cerrado, does not stand out in Caatinga environments. Due to the lack of studies that address the behavior of species of this family in disjunct Cerrado environments, this study aimed to investigate structural, ecological and phenological aspects of Qualea parviflora and Callisthene fasciculata populations. The phytosociological and phenological surveys were carried out in a Cerrado enclave at Serra do Boqueirão, Lavras da Mangabeira municipality, Southern Ceará, Brazil. Twelve sampling units of 12.0 x 30 m (0.432 ha) were plotted randomly, including all living individuals with a ground level diameter ≥ 3 cm, also measuring total heights. For the evaluation of phenophases, the Fournier percentage was used, allowing the estimation of intensity of the phenophase in each individual through a semi-quantitative interval scale of five categories (0 to 4), 0 being equivalent to 0%; (1) 1 to 25%; (2) 26 to 50%; (3) 51 to 75% and (4) 76 to 100%. Each sample was composed of 103 and 78 individuals respectively in 66.6% and 91.6% of the plots, of Q. parviflora and C. fasciculata, respectively. The spatial distribution, measured by the Dispersion (ID) and Morisita (IM) indexes reached the values of 17.14 and 18.26 (ID) and 1.08 and 1.16 (IM), respectively, indicating that the species have an aggregate distribution. The phenophases generally correlated with all the climatic variables studied in the region such as rain and preciptation. All data and results presented here collaborate for future projects in the area.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Parke, H. W. "The massacre of the Branchidae." Journal of Hellenic Studies 105 (November 1985): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/631522.

Full text

Abstract:

The reputation of Alexander and the judgement on his character have oscillated between two extremes down the ages. At times he was taken by ancient moralists as the prime example of one corrupted by power and ambition. At other times, especially in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, he has been seen as the ideal leader of men in war and peace. These extremes of interpretation are possible because his brief and incomplete career contained a number of highly dramatic episodes of different kinds, which can be enhanced or explained away to produce either effect. The most extreme instance leading to an adverse judgment is the massacre of the Branchidae, and it is not surprising that Tarn, whose work on Alexander represented a peak of eulogy, argued strongly for the view that: the event was entirely fictitious. He has been followed by most writers since then, who usually do not try to account for this episode; in fact they simply omit it. This is strange, for the evidence that it occurred goes back to Callisthenes, the earliest to write on Alexander's campaigns, and an eye-witness of the happening, if it occurred.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Bosworth, A. B. "Alexander the Great and the decline of Macedon." Journal of Hellenic Studies 106 (November 1986): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/629639.

Full text

Abstract:

The figure of Alexander inevitably dominates the history of his reign. Our extant sources are centrally focussed upon the king himself. Accordingly it is his own military actions which receive the fullest documentation. Appointments to satrapies and satrapal armies are carefully noted because he made them, but the achievements of the appointees are passed over in silence. The great victories of Antigonus which secured Asia Minor in 323 BC are only known from two casual references in Curtius Rufus, and in general all the multifarious activities in the empire disappear from recorded history except in so far as they impinge upon court life in the shape of reports to Alexander and administrative decisions made by him. Moreover, the sources we possess originate either from high officers of Alexander's court, such as Ptolemy and Nearchus, or from Greek historians like Callisthenes and Cleitarchus, whose aims were literary or propagandist and whose interests were firmly anchored in court life. Inevitably Alexander bestrides that narrow world like a colossus and monopolises the historical picture. But even the figure of Alexander is far from fully fleshed. No contemporary history survives, and for continuous narratives of the reign we are dependent upon late derivative writers who saw Alexander through the filter of centuries of rhetoric and philosophy. The king had long been a stock example of many contradictory traits; he was at once the conqueror and the civiliser, the tyrant and the enlightened king. Cicero and Seneca saw him as the type of unbridled license, Arrian as the paradigm of moderation. The result is that the sources present a series of irreconcilable caricatures of Alexander but no uniform or coherent picture.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Grafton, A. T., and N. M. Swerdlow. "Greek Chronography in Roman Epic: The Calendrical Date of the Fall of Troy in the Aeneid." Classical Quarterly 36, no. 1 (May 1986): 212–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838800010661.

Full text

Abstract:

The last chapter of Politian's first Miscellanea dealt with the amica silentia lunae through which the Greeks sailed back to Troy (Aen. 2.255). He argued that the phrase should not be taken literally, as a statement that Troy fell at the new moon, but in an extended sense, as a poetic indication that the moon had not yet risen when the Greeks set sail. This reading had one merit: it explained how Virgil's moon could be silent while the Greeks were en route but shine during the battle for the city (Aen. 2.340). Yet Politian's effort to identify the phase of the moon described by Virgil was anything but clear:Non igitur aut sera fuerit aut pernox luna, tum nec lunae quidem omnino coitus, sed tempus arbitror potius quamdiu illa non luceret.Accordingly, though his arguments were sometimes repeated by commentators and teachers, they won little assent from scholars who occupied themselves seriously with the passage. In his Adversaria Turnebus took silentia lunae as referring ‘ad noctis taciturnitatem…non ad interlunium’. In the first chapter of his De rebus per epistolam quaesitis Giano Parrasio sharply criticised the fuzziness of Politian's explanation: ‘Ambages istae sunt, ambages’. More important, he quoted a line from the Little Iliad:νὺξ μ⋯ν ἔην μέσση, λαμπρ⋯ δ' ⋯πέτελλε σελήνη.This he rendered ‘Nox erat intempesta, nitebat et aurea coelo Luna’, and inferred from it that the moon had been up when Troy fell. In his Virgilius collation scriptorum Graecorum illustratus, finally, Fulvio Orsini published a scholium on Euripides' Hecuba, one which quoted both the line from the Little Iliad and an analysis of it by the Peripatetic Callisthenes. He too took the line as refuting Politian.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Vessey, D. W. T. "Leif Bergson: Carmina praecipue choliambica apud pseudo-Callisthenem reperta. (Acta Universitatis Stockholmiensis, Studia Graeca Stockholmiensia, 7.) Pp. xiv + 51. Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell International, 1989. Paper, S. kr. 70." Classical Review 41, no. 2 (October 1991): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009840x00281080.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Garnier, Sébastien. "Faustina Doufikar-Aerts, Alexander Magnus Arabicus. A Survey of the Alexander Tradition through Seven Centuries : from Pseudo-Callisthenes to Ṣūrī, Paris-Louvain, Peeters, 2010, xxv + 416 p., ISBN : 978-90-429-2183-2, 65 €." Arabica 60, no. 1-2 (2013): 211–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157005812x641000.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Stoneman, Richard. "Faustina Doufikar-Aerts, Alexander Magnus Arabicus. A Survey of the Alexander Tradition through Seven Centuries: From Pseudo-Callisthenes to Ṣūrı̄. (Mediaevalia Groningana, n.s., 13.) Paris, Leuven, and Walpole, Mass.: Peeters, 2010. Paper. Pp. xxv, 416; black-and-white figures and 3 tables. €65." Speculum 86, no. 3 (July 2011): 746–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0038713411001746.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Zuseva-Özkan, Veronika B. "The Representation of the Amazons in The Exploits of Alexander the Great by Mikhail Kuzmin." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, no. 460 (2020): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/15617793/460/3.

Full text

Abstract:

The article considers the construction of the image of the Amazons by Mikhail Kuzmin in his romance The Exploits of Alexander the Great. The analysis of the romance in this aspect is performed in comparison with Kuzmin’s long poem “The Horseman”, which was written almost at the same time (both works were created in 1908) and in which another woman warrior appears. The aim of the study is to reveal the characteristics of the figures of female warriors in Kuzmin’s work and to determine their place in the artistic whole. The analysis is conducted at the boundary of historical and literary methodology, comparative and gender studies. The study has found that the relationship of The Exploits of Alexander the Great with its prototexts (literary, in particular with the Hellenistic Alexander Romance by Pseudo-Callisthenes, and historical, for example, the histories of Alexander’s deeds by Quintus Curtius Rufus and Diodorus Siculus) is such that Kuzmin mainly follows their event chains but makes new semantic accents. This shift in emphasis is due to the fact that the plot of the romance, same as of the poem “The Horseman”, becomes that of the mystery where the hero embarks on a journey towards the secrets of being, towards immortality and perfect love. Kuzmin creates the homoerotic mystery where there is no place for women, including the Amazons who do not follow any gender stereotypes and defy all “normative” representations of femininity. Moreover, the type of “masculine woman” is despised by Kuzmin, who is generally known for his misogyny, twice as much as the type of a “normative woman” since he deems it the poor imitation of a man. Hence is the fact that Kuzmin in many ways brings down the heroic, belligerent aspect of the Amazons’ image, in particular, while describing their pastoral lifestyle (not mentioned in the sources where their life is represented as that of a military camp) and focusing instead on their reproductive customs. Though Kuzmin reproduces a number of traditional topoi concerning the Amazons, he also introduces new elements and, in so doing, modifies the archetypal figure of the female warrior. He totally rejects the usual “romanticizing” of the Amazons. It is also very characteristic that this negative vector of change is built not only in the ethical (as is the case of “The Horseman”) but also in the aesthetic field. While in “The Horseman” three incarnations of the woman’s love, rejected by the hero, are ranked from lowest to highest, and the relationship with the woman warrior is deemed the worst type of love (since it is “love-hate”), this hierarchy does not seem to exist in the romance: the Amazons appear simply as one of female types and the relationship with them as a variant of the decidedly “imperfect” love. Thereby, Kuzmin relieves the specificities of the image of the Amazon and the female warrior in general. While in the works of other Russian Modernist writers the woman warrior is opposed to the other, “normal”, women, Kuzmin denies her any exceptionalism.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Yamazaki e outros, Lúcia. "Tityus paraguayensis (Scorpiones: Buthidae) em copas de Callisthene fasciculata (Vochysiaceae) no Pantanal de Mato Grosso (Brasil)." Acta Biológica Paranaense 44, no. 1-4 (December 31, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/abpr.v44i1-4.44122.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Parmeggiani, Giovanni. "Notes on the Tradition of the Peace of Callias." Erga-Logoi. Rivista di storia, letteratura, diritto e culture dell'antichità 8, no. 2 (December 21, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.7358/erga-2020-002-parm.

Full text

Abstract:

An examination of Plut. Cim. 13, 4-5 and Harp. Α 261 Keaney s.v. Ἀττικοῖς γράμμασιν suggests that fourth-century historians Callisthenes (FGrHist 124 F 16) and Theopompus (FGrHist 115 F 154) challenged the view of contemporary Athenians – attested especially in rhetorical writings – that the Peace of Callias was concluded in the 460s BC in the aftermath of the battle at the river Eurymedon. Such a view described the peace as unilateral, i.e., not implying any obligation on the part of the Athenians. The fact that Callisthenes and Theopompus did not accept that tradition, doesn’t imply, per se, that they believed that no peace between Athens and Persia was ever concluded in the V century BC. On the contrary, the peace of 449 BC, as described by Diodorus in XII 4, 4-6 on the basis of fourth-century sources (Ephorus among them), was bilateral, i.e., it implied obligations on both sides (Athens and Persia); whether Callisthenes and Theopompus also disputed that peace was made in 449, is unclear. In addition, this paper explores the possibility of changing the unknown Νέσσου ποταμοῦ with Νείλου ποταμοῦ in the so called ‘Aristodemus’ (FGrHist 104 F 1, 13, 2).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Siegloch, Anelise Marta, Sidinei Rodrigues dos Santos, and José Newton Cardoso Marchiori. "Estudo anatômico do lenho de Callisthene inundata Bueno, Nilson & Magalhães." Balduinia, no. 32 (May 18, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2358198013895.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Oliveira, Ademir Kleber Morbeck de, Richard Matheus Fernandes, Clara Anne de Araújo Abreu, and José Carlos Pina. "Effect of Different Temperatures on the Germination of Callisthene major (Vochysiaceae)." Floresta e Ambiente 27, no. 1 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087.085417.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Yamazaki, Lúcia, Vanessa França Vindica, Germano Henrique Rosado-Neto, Marinêz Isaac Marques, and Leandro Dênis Battirola. "Coleopterans (Hexapoda, Coleoptera) associated with canopies of Callisthene fasciculata (Spr.) Mart. (Vochysiaceae) in the Brazilian Pantanal." Biota Neotropica 21, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2020-0982.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract: The study of coleopteran assemblages associated with the canopies of tropical forests can help to expand the knowledge about species diversity and the ecological patterns related to the distribution of this diversity in tropical environments, including wetlands such as the Brazilian Pantanal. In this scenario, the present study examined the effect of temporal variation on the abundance, richness and distribution of the Coleoptera assemblage associated with canopies of Callisthene fasciculata (Spr.) Mart. (Vochysiaceae) throughout the dry and high-water seasonal periods in the Northern Pantanal of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Twelve specimens of C. fasciculata were sampled between 2010 and 2011, six per seasonal period, by thermal fogging with insecticide. A total of 1,663 coleopterans were collected, consisting of 1,572 adults and 91 larvae. The adults are distributed into 38 families and 251 species or morphospecies. Chrysomelidae, Curculionidae, Nitidulidae and Tenebrionidae predominated in terms of abundance and richness. Family distribution, abundance, species richness and trophic guilds varied between the dry and high-water periods, demonstrating a relationship with the phenological conditions of C. fasciculata in addition to seasonality effect. In conclusion, the seasonality imposed by the hydrological regime and its influence on the phenology of C. fasciculata affect the structure of the coleopteran assemblage associated with the canopy of this monodominant vegetation formation in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Humphrey, J. F. "George Hinge and Jens A. Krasilnikoff (eds.), Alexandria: A Cultural and Religious Melting Pot (Aarhus: Aarhus University Press, 2009)." Nordicum-Mediterraneum 7, no. 1 (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.33112/nm.7.1.4.

Full text

Abstract:

The Canopus region of Egypt on the Mediterranean coast was already inhabited and a port prior to Alexander’s founding of his city. Pseudo-Callisthenes reports that Alexander awaited “an oracle from the god as to where he should found a city bearing his name” (Krasilnikoff, “Alexandria as Place,” 26).[1] According to this account, Alexander was visited in his sleep by the god who spoke thus to him: “King, to you I speak. the god of the ram’s horn. / If you wish forever to flourish in youth eternal, / Build an illustrious city above the island of Proteus/ Where once Aion Plutonius first took his throne as ruler… (Krasilnikoff, “Alexandria as Place,” 26-27).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Yamazaki, Lúcia, Vanessa F. Vindica, Antonio D. Brescovit, Marinez I. Marques, and Leandro D. Battirola. "Temporal variation in the spider assemblage (Arachnida, Araneae) in canopies of Callisthene fasciculata (Vochysiaceae) in the Brazilian Pantanal biome." Iheringia. Série Zoologia 107 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-4766e2017019.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT Spiders are generalist predators and present a high diversity of capturing and foraging, as well as considerable species richness in tropical habitats. Although, generally, not presenting specific relations to the host plant, they can be influenced by its phenology, structure and resource availability. So, this study analyzed temporal variation on the structure and composition of Araneae assemblage in Callisthene fasciculata (Spr.) Mart. (Vochysiaceae) canopies, in an area of monodominant vegetation, in the periods of high water, receding water, dry season and rising water in Pantanal of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The collection was performed on 24 individuals of C. fasciculata, six in each seasonal period, in 2010 and 2011, making use of canopy fogging with insecticide. For that, ten nylon funnels were distributed under each canopy of C. fasciculata individuals, in a total of 240 m² of sampled canopies. In all, 3,610 spiders were collected and distributed in 24 families and 55 species. Anyphaenidae (43.3%; 6.5 ind./m2), Pisauridae (16.2%; 2.4 ind./m2), Araneidae (12.7%; 1.9 ind./m2) and Salticidae (12.4%; 1.9 ind./m2) were the most representative. Osoriella tahela Brescovit, 1998 was the most abundant species (12.2%). The nocturnal aerial runners of foliage (45.6%; 6.9 ind./m2), nocturnal aerial ambushers of foliage (17.3%; 2.6 ind./m2), aerial orb weavers (13.3%; 2.0 ind./m2) and the diurnal aerial runners of foliage (12.5%; 1.9 ind./m2) spiders represented the most abundant guilds. Significant differences were observed in the composition of families and behavioral guilds, as well as abundance and richness among seasonal periods. The assemblage showed the highest abundance in receding water and highest species richness in high water period, probably related to the hydrologic cycle of the area and its influence on C. fasciculata phenology, indicating the importance of this plant species for spider’s diversity maintenance in the Pantanal.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Callisthène'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles