Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Caloducs'
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Weiss, Laurent. "Caloducs souples et confort thermique : Conception, réalisation, validation." Paris, ENMP, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ENMP1007.
Full textSonan, Ocho Raymond. "Modélisation du comportement thermique transitoire d’un caloduc : application au refroidissement de l’électronique associée à un alterno-démarreur." Valenciennes, 2009. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/b1693823-a204-4967-80c9-6408fde88c58.
Full textThis work is aimed to study the transient performances of heat pipe used to cool electronics components of stator-alternator. The study consists of two stages: modelling and experimentation. The first stage consists in developing multiple scale modelling used to analyse heat pipe’s performances. The first model, denoted “helps-design model” is developed for manufacturing and designing procedures of heat pipe. The second model “0D”, is based on a lumped analysis of a heat pipe subjected to the heat flux released by the electronic components. The second model is a “2T” model taking into accounts both the evaporator and condenser temperatures. The third model is a transient 2D thermal model of conductive effects in the wall and the wick of the heat pipe and the forth one is a transient 3D model coupled to a 2D hydrodynamic model were the flow in both wick and vapour core are computed. An interesting comparison of the results performed with these models lets know the more adapted model in the process of flat heat pipe design for electronic components thermal management. In order to account for the microscopic mechanisms of heat and mass transfers, a microscopic model of the liquid-vapour interface is developed. The second stage is devoted to the experimental study. It consists of designing and manufacturing an experimental set-up. Improved experimental investigations are being performed in order to provide a validation of the present model
Sosoi, Gavril. "Contribution to the study of a heat pipe system to improve the energy performance of buildings." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0335.
Full textEnergy efficiency in buildings is a constant challenge for researchers who must come up with new solutions to reduce energy consumption. The new technologies proposed and developed for energy performance in the building must take into account two criteria: a low cost of production and an environmentally friendly manufacturing. The aim of this thesis is to propose a passive and environmentally friendly system for heating the building. This system, using solar energy, should improve energy performance and thus contribute to the reduction of conventional energy consumption for home heating. The passive device we propose, will be equipped with heat pipes to allow efficient heat transfer. Thus, the third part of the thesis will be dedicated to the study of heat pipes. The state of the art exploits the methods proposed by the literature to increase the energy performance of buildings, the first part of the thesis is dedicated to the analysis of passive systems used to reduce energy consumption as well as systems using green concrete as building material. This state of the art makes it possible to inventory and to describe, in a non-exhaustive way, the passive systems intended for the cooling or the heating of the buildings affected by the solar radiation. These systems are intended to reduce the energy consumption required for cooling or heating the air inside homes. In conclusion, the proposed “passive module“ for building heating seems to be effective and could be a good solution for passive ecological systems in the building
Tardy, François. "Système de refroidissement par stockage thermique à l'aide de caloducs." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2005. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/336/1/TARDY_Fran%C3%A7ois.pdf.
Full textTardy, François. "Système de refroidissement par stockage thermique à l'aide de caloducs /." Montréal : École de technologie supérieure, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/etsmtl/fullcit?pMR03058.
Full text"Mémoire présenté à l'École de technologie supérieure comme exigence partielle à l'obtention de la maîtrise en génie mécanique". Bibliogr.: f. [204]-206. Également disponible en version électronique.
Lai, Aymeric. "Conception et réalisation de caloducs silicium pour les applications spatiales." Grenoble INPG, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00170346.
Full textLn a context of further integration and increase of operationnal working domains of electronic systems aboard satellites, the conception of effective and compact cooling systems for the thermal management of power densities of several decades of W/cm^2 is necessary. This Phd work which took place at the "Laboratoire d'Electrotechnique de Grenoble" (LEG) and used the technological knowledges of the CEA LETI focuses on the study of silicon phase-change systems using water as the working fluid for the on board cooling of electronics considering specifications provided by the CNES. Using microelectronic techniques (especially deep etching techniques), specifie advantages of silicon for space applications (Iow mass, good mechanical behaviour, compatibility with electronics) and a first experience of the realization of phase change systems, hydraulical mechanical and thermal design of S cm square spreaders with reduced compacity (1 mm) able for microgravity working and the realization of prototypes were dealt. Thermal and hydraulical performances characterization of the latter allow to forecast dissipation of power densities up to 76 W/cm^2 with an equivalent thermal conductivity of 800 W/(m. K) according to the working temperature domain considered. Moreover, a study of the issue of the filiing of the structure and hermetic confinment of the fluid was dealt and an innovative patented solution was proposed
Bonnenfant, Jean-François. "Analyse expérimentale et modélisation de caloducs oscillants en contexte aéronautique." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ESMA0013/document.
Full textThe continuous increase of heat flux densities involved in aeronautic context, and their evacuation, represent a major issue nowadays. The solutions used until now are no longer sufficient to ensure the thermal maintenance of these systems, requiring new technologies. Among them, the pulsating heat pipe induces a growing interest. Thus, the French FUI project Optimal suggests employing this technology in order to optimize the cooling of new electric turbomachines. The work led in this PhD aims to evaluate the performances of such a system in this context, by experimental and numerical means.The experimental study which has been conducted consisted in the development of a prototype, starting from which experiments have been led. These tests allowed characterizing the thermal performances of the system through parametric investigations. Thereby, it has been observed an obvious improvement of these performances under some operating conditions, but also several particular behaviors. In addition to that approach, one adds a theoretical study based on the development of a numerical model. Given the complexity of the mechanisms governing the pulsating heat pipe’s operation, this model focuses on a simplified system, characterized by the motion of vapor bubble-liquid slug structure, in which a liquid film, deposited downstream, is subjected to evaporation. This model has conducted to highlight the physical phenomena associated to the thin film evaporation in a capillary tube, and to establish a cartography of its applicability fields, according to the considered assumptions
Kamenova, Lora. "Modélisation thermo-hydraulique de caloducs miniatures plats à faible épaisseur pour des applications électroniques." Grenoble INPG, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPG0186.
Full textA miniature heat pipe is a passive heat transfer mechanism that can transport large quantities of heat with a very small difference in temperature between the hottest and coldest interfaces in electronics. The objective of this thesis is to study the performances of flat heat pipes with sintered powder capillary wick, employed as thermal functions in high density electronics. Thanks to the coupling of our thermal and hydraulic models, we were able to predict the heat pipe performances in terms of maximum heat power and temperature distribution. The experiments demonstrated that the heat pipes are able to decrease the electronics temperature with several tens of °C. The tests results were in very good conformity to our models, with an average gap of 20% only. The innovative technology DBC for fabricating thin copper heat pipes was also developed in his work
Forges, Pierre. "Contribution à l'optimisation des transferts énergétiques dans les machines thermiques : application aux réacteurs solide-gaz." Perpignan, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PERP0255.
Full textRoudnitzky, Stéphane. "Etude et validation d'une solution thermique pour réduire la surconsommation à froid d'un moteur thermique automobile : carter avec isolation interne équipé de caloducs à conductance variable." Valenciennes, 2010. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/84b3ed80-36b5-429f-a869-0d38f7165d4a.
Full textAn engine consumes substantially more cold than hot, because of the internal friction increased in the high viscosity of cold oil, and bad burning. Compliance with anti-pollution standards will require more and more to limit the overconsumption cold. From literature research and numerical simulations under the thermo-hydraulic model Thermot, the technological solution chosen to be studied in this thesis is the oil sump isolated and equipped with variable conductance heat pipes. The internal insulation of the engine's oil pan accelerates oil temperature's rise in reducing heat loss, thus the internal friction, and hence overconsumption. But oil needs to be not overheated when the engine runs hot at high load. That's why variable conductance heat pipes are used to cool oil from a certain temperature level in the area of the oil pan, in order to replace the cooling by the walls which becomes inefficient because of insulation. The low thermal inertia of the heat pipes won't annihilate the effect of the oil pan's internal insulation. The vehicle tests have shown that the internal insulation allows limiting overconsumption after a cold start, and furthermore allows to lower consumption at low load when the outside temperature is cold. Laboratory tests have shown that the variable conductance heat pipe was compatible to cool the hot oil in the pan despite vibrations and accelerations that it would undergo when operating in a vehicle. This thesis concludes by two possible configurations to reduce overconsumption when cold: an oil pan with internal insulation fitted with two variable conductance heat pipes slightly inclined to the horizontal and put in the opposite direction, or an oil pan with internal insulation coupled with an adaptation of the modine (oil-water heat exchanger)
Pandraud, Guillaume Lallemand Monique Le Berre Martine. "Etude expérimentale et théorique de microcaloducs en technologie silicium." Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2006. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=pandraud.
Full textLataoui, Zied Petit Daniel Bertin Yves Jemni Abdelmajid. "Contribution à l'étude des transferts thermiques au sein des caloducs rainurés identification de la position du front d'assèchement /." Poitiers : I-Médias, 2008. http://08.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/index.php?id=2490.
Full textLips, Stéphane. "Analyse phénoménologique du fonctionnement de diffuseurs thermiques diphasiques ( caloducs plats ) par voies expérimentale et numérique." Lyon, INSA, 2009. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2009ISAL0093/these.pdf.
Full textThe present work is devoted to an investigation of the physical mechanisms involved in flat plate heat pipes (FPHP). FPHPs are passive devices able to transfer high heat fluxes with low temperature differences owing to phase change heat transfer and capillarity. Two FPHPs made of copper have been studied. Their capillary structures consist of longitudinal and crossed grooves respectively. The FPHPs are hermetically sealed with a transparent plate in order to visualize physical phenomena that occur inside. Wall temperature profiles are recorded with thermistors, while the shape of the liquid-vapor interface is characterised by means of a confocal microscope. Visualizations by high speed camera show that nucleate boiling occurs in the evaporator for heat fluxes greater than 3 W/cm². Boiling improves heat transfer in the system and does not prevent the FPHP operation, contrarily to what is usually assumed in the literature. The impact of the filling ratio and of the vapor space thickness on the performance of the system has been experimentally and theoretically studied for the FPHP with longitudinal grooves. An original experimental method has been developed in order to determine the curvature of the liquid-vapour interface in the capillary structure made of crossed grooves. Experimental results have been compared to the results of thermal and hydrodynamic models, previously developed in the laboratory
Rullière, Romuald. "Etudes expérimentale et théorique de diffuseurs thermiques diphasiques : application au refroidissement de systèmes dissipatifs." Lyon, INSA, 2006. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2006ISAL0114/these.pdf.
Full textThis present PhD is devoted to experimental and theoretical studies of two-phase heat spreaders (TPHSs). TPHSs are very efficient cooling systems (using phase-change phenomena) that are able to transfer heat fluxes with small temperature gradients. The proposed application is the cooling of fuel cell systems. These TPHSs aim at reducing the volume of actual cooling systems and to homogenize the temperature in the hearth of fuel cells. The experimental study concerns a copper TPHS of dimensions 230 90 mm2 with longitudinal micro-grooves. This TPHS is flat with a wide evaporating area compared to the condenser area. Experimental results obtained with methanol in vertical favourable orientation (thermosyphon orientation) show a temperature difference lower than 1. 6 K on the entire evaporator area for an evaporator heat flux equal to 0. 5 W cm-2 (85. 5 W) while it reaches approximately 55 K for the empty TPHS. The TPHS thermal performances are promising for the cooling of fuel cell systems. Thermal tests in horizontal orientation were conducted to determine the behaviour of the TPHS, when the liquid motion is due to capillary forces rather than to volume forces. The TPHS capillary limit is for a heat flux equal to 0. 9 W cm-2 and 1. 7 W cm-2 for methanol and water, respectively. A confocal microscope is used to measure the meniscus curvature radius along the grooves from the heat source to the heat sink when the working fluid is methanol. A two-phase flow model, based on the balance equations and the Young-Laplace law, is coupled to a thermal model. These models allow the calculation of the liquid and vapour velocities and pressures, the meniscus curvature radius in the grooves and the temperature field all along the TPHS for a given heat flux. Experimental measurements of the meniscus radius and the temperature field show a good agreement with models results. These models are used to determine the optimal dimensions of the TPHS
Avenas, Yvan. "Etude et réalisation de caloducs plats miniatures pour l'intégration en électronique de puissance." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00473217.
Full textHoa, Christine. "Thermique des caloducs à rainures axiales : études et réalisations pour des applications spatiales." Poitiers, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004POIT2259.
Full textAl/NH3 axially grooved heat pipes are major thermal control components of telecommunication satellites. Optimising both the performance and the mass is an important issue that drives the research of high performance heat pipes. This development requires a fine understanding of the physical phenomena involved in the heat and mass transfer in the capillary grooves. A high precision experimental bench has been set to obtain a complete thermal characterisation of several heat pipe profiles and to measure accurately their performances. In the modelling studies at different scales, numerous phenomena have been taken into account in order to match the measurements: a 2-D thermal model of one groove with the molecular interaction at the liquid/vapour interface, a 3-D thermal model of the evaporator zone to evaluate the dry out front of the liquid flow in the grooves thanks to direct and inverse thermal analysis, a 1-D hydrodynamic model to take into account the gravity effects during on ground condition. A new concept of double grooves for a high performance heat pipe has come out from the experimental and numerical analysis. The improvement has been theoretically estimated to 30% increase in heat transport capability in 0g compared to the performance of conventional axially grooved heat pipes
Romestant, Cyril. "Etudes théoriques et expérimentales de caloducs et de thermosiphons soumis à de fortes accélérations." Phd thesis, Université de Poitiers, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00130174.
Full textLes différentes limites de fonctionnement sont abordées en détails à partir d'une étude bibliographique importante. Des hypothèses nouvelles sont avancées pour le calcul de la limite sonique.
Au travers d'une vaste étude bibliographique, nous abordons les notions de conductances thermiques dans la zone évaporateur et condenseur du caloduc, que ce soit pour les caloducs ayant une structure capillaire ou pour les thermosiphons à tube lisse. Cette observation minutieuse de la physique interne nous a conduit à examiner, à l'évaporateur, les échanges thermiques à travers des films liquides minces en introduisant la notion de pression de disjonction et de résistance d'évaporation.
D'autre part, un montage expérimental complexe et unique au monde à notre connaissance nous a permis de tester trois caloducs cuivre-méthanol sur une plage de température de [0, 100°C] pour des puissances jusqu'à 1400 W et soumis à des champs d'accélération de 1 à 9 g.
Si une partie des résultats expérimentaux obtenus est conforme à nos attentes, de nombreux comportements restent inexpliqués mais permettent d'orienter les recherches futures pour augmenter la prédictibilité des modèles ou des corrélations sur de vastes gammes d'évolution des paramètres (température, puissance, accélération, fluide, matériau, dimensions, structure capillaire, ...)
Salim, Shirazy Mahmood Reza. "Caractérisation du transport fluidique et thermique dans les mousses métalliques capillaires en cuivre." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6141.
Full textNeveu, Pierre. "Performances d'un pilote de pompe à chaleur chimique solide/gaz de 20/50 Kw : analyse des flux engendrés par la thermicité de telles réactions." Perpignan, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PERP0082.
Full textRolland, Xavier. "Modélisation de micro-diffuseurs diphasiques pour le refroidissement de composants électroniques compacts." Lyon, INSA, 2004. https://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2004ISAL0083/these.pdf.
Full textThe work presented in this report relates to hydrodynamic and thermal modelling of a diphasic thermal micro heat spreader. A numerical model was developed to study its behaviour according to various parameters. The results of this study made it possible to understand its operation and to deduce an optimal geometry. The studied geometry is composed of a single vapour channel and an array of 62 grooves of trapezoidal section. The fluid used is water. The surface occupied by the evaporator is 10*10 mm2 and that of the condenser 50*10 mm2. The capillary limit reached for this geometry is 180 W. The performances obtained are characterised by the thermal resistance of the heat spreader between the evaporator and the condenser, equal to 0. 2 K/W. Several types of diphasic thermal heat spreaders were integrated in a complete model of compact electronic components. The results made it possible to determine the interest of the use of such heat spreaders in the cooling systems of compact components in term of thermal performances. The improvement compared to more traditional technologies as the metal fins is about ten degrees
SULEIMAN, ALI. "Evaluation des performances de caloducs au fréon 11 intégrés dans les batteries spatiales LI/SOC12." Poitiers, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992POIT2296.
Full textBensalem, Ahlem Bertin Yves Bonjour Jocelyn. "Contribution à l'analyse du comportement de caloducs oscillants à finalité spatiale par voies expérimentale et numérique." Poitiers : I-Medias, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/index.php?id=330.
Full textBensalem, Ahlem. "Contribution à l'analyse du comportement de caloducs oscillants à finalité spatiale par voies expérimentale et numérique." Poitiers, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2008/Bensalem-Ahlem/2008-Bensalem-Ahlem-These.pdf.
Full textSpacecrafts (satellite, space probe,. . . ) are integrating more and more heat dissipative equipments. Such a complexity, combined with the imposed constraints concerning the reduction of volumes and masses on board these devices, leads to a growing need of accurate, reliable and passive thermal control solutions. In this constraining context, phase-change thermal management systems such as heat pipes or loop heat pipes seem inevitable because of their substantial heat transfer capabilities and of their passive operation. This thesis is devoted to characterise a new phase-change thermal management system operation : pulsating heat pipe. The experimental investigation which has been conducted allowed determining the performance of two pulsating heat pipe prototypes. These two systems have a different inner diameter and they have been tested using two distinct working fluids (water and acetone). The induced effects of several parameters such as the filling ratio, the heat input or the inclination angle,. . . On the operation of these devices have also been explored. Different tests revealed a substantial heat transfer potential and a less sensitive behaviour to gravity forces than a conventional heat pipe. A theoretical approach has been added to this experimental work. It aims at modeling the thermohydrodynamic behaviour of an elementary control volume composed of a single vapour plug and a single liquid slug. It has been shown that oscillations can occur even if the system is submitted only to thermal stresses. This model led in particular to show favourable conditions to the appearance and maintenance of liquid-vapour interface oscillations
Kieno, Pèlèga Florent. "Étude théorique et expérimentale d'un dispositif caloduc pour climatisation en pays chauds et secs." Nice, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985NICE4006.
Full textChauris, Nicolas. "Analyse par voies expérimentales et numérique de phénomènes thermohydrauliques au sein de caloducs plats : évaluation des performances en vue du refroidissement des batteries de véhicules électriques." Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ESMA0008.
Full textThe emergence of electrical motor vehicles en the French and/or Worldwide fleet stands for a real change in the automotive. Renault made the choice to initiate this change by reducing considerably the constraints linked to this kind of vehicle. One of these major constraints is the batteries loading duration; the other is their autonomy. Renault wants to establish some fast load devices allowing to reduce the loading duration to fifteen linutes approximately. For this, very high electrical powers must pass throuh the batteries, thus generating high heat losses. Considering these thermal stresses while minimizing the size, the cost of the cooling devices, and maximizing their life and safety, classical cooling solutions, such as gaseous or liquid convection, seem to be less suitable than other innovative solutions, such as cooling two-phase thermal spreaders. A two-phase heat spreader has thereby been designed in the context of this thesis in order to respond to this application. An experimental bench has been set-up in order to study the performances of the spreader, and to analyse its operations and distinguish the first order influence of several parameters. To assist this analysis, some specific hydraulic and thermal model approaches have been carried on. Finally, a demonstrator has been produced within the buildings of Renault, dedicated to the cooling of a four batteries pack by means of two heat spreaders. The experimental results are encouraging and permit to conceive the development of two-phase heat spreaders in this industrial sector
Lataoui, Zied. "Contribution à l'étude des transferts thermiques au sein des caloducs rainurés : identification de la position du front d'assèchement." Poitiers, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2008/Lataoui-Zied/2008-Lataoui-Zied-These.pdf.
Full textHeat pipes are thermally efficient devices used in many applications (electronics, telecommunication, aerospace,…) for heat management and regulation. In particular, heat pipes are considered as practical solutions for thermal distribution and heat dissipation problems in satellite panel surface. Heat pipe performance test is typically performed using some few wall temperature measurements. However, in such approach, the heat pipe operation phenomena cannot be conveniently investigated. For this aim, an axially grooved heat pipe is experimentally characterized using a test bench, to establish stationary wall temperature distributions for various operating conditions. The obtained temperature profiles show that the evaporator region includes the most important temperature gradients as a consequence to the input heat load increase. A sudden and significant temperature increase is therefore observed since the burnout limit is attained. In the evaporator section, an expected progression of the dry out can be then used to interpret experimental results. Nevertheless, ground test (1g) results cannot efficiently be discussed due to the existence of liquid puddle in the heat pipe bottom section. An inverse analysis is then proposed to localise dry out front positions in every axial groove of the evaporator region, using wall temperature measurements. The obtained results show that the dry out zone expands within the evaporator section as the heat load is increased. The significant temperature increase obtained in the evaporator wall can be therefore explained by the incapacity of the grooves to liquid feed the heated section (capillary limit). When an adverse tilt is introduced, the dry out is also involved in the adiabatic section. The important role of the capillary pumping capacity is also emphasized as a key parameter of the investigated heat pipe operation
Mbow, Cheikh. "Contribution à l'étude des insolateurs à ruissellement à surface absorbante ondulée utilisant l'eau comme fluide caloporteur." Poitiers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988POIT2287.
Full textPopova, Nataliya. "Intégration de microcaloducs plats pour le refroidissement des packaging tridimensionnels." Grenoble INPG, 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00163012.
Full textThe packaging and thermal management of electronic equipment has become an important issue because of increased power levels and the simultaneolls miniaturization of the devices. This thesis work is devoted to the cooling of electronic substrates, stacked il1 a 3D module, and to the integration of thermal functions, such as flat heat pipes, in these substrates. This research study in concentrated more particularly on the design, the fabrication and the experimental evaluation of miniature very thin metal heat pipes. Experimental and modelling results showed that the studied heat pipes eliminate hot spots and spread the heat dissipated from the components in a very efficient way. New fabrication techniques of flat heat pipes with sintered capillary wicks have been developed. This thesis work allows showing that the integration of heat pipes in very thin electronic substrates is possible and very interesting solution for the thermal management of electronics devices particularly for avionics applications
Siedel, Benjamin. "Analysis of heat transfer and flow patterns in a loop heat pipe : Modelling by analytical and numerical approaches and experimental observations." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAL0092/document.
Full textThe increasing development of electronics leads to higher constraints regarding their thermal management. Loop heat pipes (LHP) become more and more attractive because they offer thermal efficiency, reliability and large implementation flexibility. However, a better understanding of the physical phenomena involved within them is required in order to optimise their design and predict accurately their operation. An analytical model is developed to highlight the main parameters of a LHP and their influence depending on the operating conditions. Its main originality lies in a thorough consideration of heat transfer in the evaporator. A sensitivity analysis is conducted to study the influence of the contact thermal resistance between the wick and the body of the evaporator, of the effective thermal conductivity of the wick, of the accommodation coefficient linked to the evaporation heat transfer and of the heat transfer with the ambient and with the heat sink. This analysis shows that these parameters can be individually and separately estimated by comparing the model to a set of well-chosen experimental data. An experimental setup is designed and built. It is partially transparent, to observe the location of the liquid and vapour phases in operating conditions. The effects of the heat input, non-condensable gases and of the heat sink temperature are discussed. Nucleate boiling is observed inside the reservoir for high heat fluxes. This phenomenon increases significantly the parasitic heat flux towards the reservoir and therefore decreases the performance of the LHP. Several oscillating phenomena are also observed and correlated to the flow patterns. Finally, distinct condensation regimes are investigated and the mechanisms leading to the bubble detachment in the condenser are discussed. A numerical model is developed in accordance with the geometrical and thermophysical characteristics of the experimental setup. The model is compared with the experimental data. The comparison shows the lack of accuracy of the two-phase pressure drops models in this configuration. Heat and mass transfer in the evaporator are discussed and the effects of boiling in the reservoir and of the thermal conductivity inside the evaporator casing are investigated. The results highlight the importance of the longitudinal thermal conduction inside the tube in the case of conductive materials
Hassan, Cyril. "Simulations, conception et réalisation d'un plafond chauffant et rafraîchissant pour des pièces à usage de bureau." Paris, ENMP, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ENMP1189.
Full textStudies on thermal comfort in office spaces are encouraged by economic and environmental considerations. Radiant air-conditioning ceiling systems are efficient on thermal comfort because they do not create any discomfort and the air temperature is higher than with a all-air system. Their use is cheaper than with a conventional system and so, it provides energy saving. However, their cooling capacity is limited for an office use. After a sizing performed with the software COMFIE®, heat soft pipes are integrated in a radiant air-conditioning ceiling system. With this technology, uniform surface temperatures are observed and high heat transfer rates are achieved. During the tests, effects on the thermal comfort are noticed : operative temperature is higher to 2 or 3 K in heating mode, and lower 3 or 4 K in cooling mode. An advanced numerical simulation of this room is carried out : air velocity field is predicted with the CFD software FLUENT® and the thermal field is calculated with THERMETTE®. These simulations are used to improve the system design : by increasing the radiant ceiling area and the thermal convection coefficient or by a thermal preconditioning on air, the radiant air-conditioning ceiling system would be able to transfer more easily all thermal fluxes
Lebrun, Laurent. "Contribution a l'optimisation economique et a la fabrication industrielle des echangeurs a caloducs a partir d'une analyse du marche francais." Paris, ENSAM, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ENAMA014.
Full textRossomme, Séverine. "Modélisation de l'évaporation des films liquides minces, y compris au voisinage des lignes de contact: application aux caloducs à rainures." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210409.
Full textL’étude décrite dans la première partie propose une contribution originale à la modélisation de l’évaporation des films minces, y compris au voisinage des lignes de contact. De manière générale, nous cherchons à mettre en évidence l’influence de phénomènes qui se déroulent aux petites échelles sur le transfert thermique d’un film mince déposé sur une paroi plane et chauffée. Dans le cadre de l’hypothèse de lubrification, deux modèles sont dès lors développés. Le premier modèle décrit l’évaporation d’un film liquide mince dans sa vapeur pure tandis que le second modèle porte sur l’évaporation d’un film liquide mince dans un gaz inerte. Les diverses recherches menées sont principalement orientées vers la quantification, d’une part, des angles de contact apparents générés par l’évaporation, malgré le caractère parfaitement mouillant du couple liquide-solide utilisé et, d’autre part, des flux de chaleur et de matière interfaciaux. Une particularité du premier modèle est qu’il généralise divers modèles existants [15,25,86,117] en regroupant un ensemble de phénomènes spécifiques et complexes tels que le saut de température à l’interface liquide-vapeur, la résistance thermique de la vapeur et celle du solide ou la variation locale de la température de saturation à l’interface liquide-vapeur suite à la courbure interfaciale et aux forces de van der Waals. En plus de ces effets, d’autres mécanismes plus classiques sont inclus dans le modèle :la tension superficielle, la thermocapillarité, la pression de disjonction, l’évaporation et le recul de vapeur. Des analyses de stabilité linéaires et des études paramétriques ont été réalisées afin de quantifier l’influence de ces phénomènes sur la stabilité d’un film liquide mince, sur son évaporation et sur le transfert de chaleur associé. Au travers des chapitres 3 et 4, nous mettons notamment en évidence
• comment les forces de van der Waals compensent l’évaporation du film liquide mince de façon à créer un film stationnaire stable,
• pourquoi le recul de la vapeur et la thermocapillarité sont deux phénomènes qui peuvent être négligés dans les conditions étudiées dans ce travail,
• des lois analytiques qui décrivent certaines variables du problème, plus particulièrement l’angle de contact et le maximum du flux de chaleur, en fonction de la surchauffe de la paroi solide.
Faisant suite aux travaux proposés par Haut et Colinet [59], nous avons ensuite développé un second modèle afin de caractériser l’évaporation dans une faible quantité de gaz inerte d’un film liquide mince déposé sur une paroi plate et chauffée. Tout comme dans le cadre de l’étude précédente, notre analyse s’articule autour d’une étude de stabilité linéaire ainsi que d’études paramétriques réalisées sur des nombres caractéristiques du problème. Alors que les conclusions sur la stabilité du film sont indépendantes de la quantité de gaz inerte contenue dans la phase vapeur, il n’en est pas de même pour les transferts de matière et de chaleur interfaciaux comme montré au chapitre 5.
Dans la seconde partie du travail, nous utilisons les conclusions auxquelles nous sommes arrivés dans la première partie dans le cadre d’une application industrielle. En collaboration avec le Centre d’Excellence en Recherche Aéronautique (CENAERO) et la société Euro Heat Pipes (EHP), une stratégie a été élaborée afin de simuler les transferts thermiques radiaux dans une rainure d’un caloduc au niveau de l’évaporateur. Les résultats numériques, obtenus sur base d’un modèle multi-échelle développé à l’ULB et implémenté numériquement lors d’un stage chez CENAERO, montrent que ces transferts sont influencés par la valeur de l’angle de contact. Celui-ci dépendant des phénomènes microscopiques, il s’avère par conséquent nécessaire de les inclure dans le modèle thermique. En effet, si nous ne considérons que les aspects macroscopiques du problème, qui se résument à la conduction dans le solide et dans le liquide, le coefficient d’échange global au niveau de la rainure est surestimé.
Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Voirand, Antoine. "Etude théorique de la dynamique d'une bulle dans un tube capillaire chauffé." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ESMA0008/document.
Full textThe model of a single bubble moving in a capillary tube is written as a contribution to the modeling of Pulsating Heat Pipes. A constant heat load is considered at the wall, and the reference temperature of the problem is defined to be the outside medium temperature, which is closer to reality, and thus allowing the saturation temperature of the vapor phase to vary. Using domain perturbation techniques, a step-by-step resolution ofthe model is implemented, allowing minor physical effects to be taken into consideration,for example the inertial effect on the receding meniscus. A new correlation is proposed on the thickness of the liquid film deposited by the receding meniscus, by means of the capillary number and an evaporation number representing the thermal condition. The velocity and temperature fields in the liquid plug ahead of the meniscus can also be obtained. The resolution of the problem associated with the rear-end of the bubble,where the rear meniscus advances on either a micrometric liquid film or an adsorbed film left by the dry-out of the capillary wall, shows a corrugating liquid-vapor interface.The magnitude of these corrugations is strongly dependent on the value of the heat load applied at the wall. In the case of wall rewetting, the interface corrugations at the triple line are due to its displacement, and not to the thermal boundary condition. Because the evaporative mass flux through the liquid-vapor interface modifies the vapor bubble mass, a complete transient thermodynamical model of the bubble is implemented. In this case, the important parameters controlling the kinematics, dynamics and thermodynamics of the bubble were identified
Bertossi, Rémi. "Modélisation des transferts de chaleur et de masse dans les caloducs : contribution à l'analyse des phénomènes d'interfaces intervenant dans les écoulements diphasiques." Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aéronautique, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ESMA0029.
Full textHeat pipes are highly efficient devices thanks to the use of latent enthalpy of a fluid at saturation state characterizing the liquid/vapour phase change. They can transfer heat flux maintaining little temperatures gradients. Thanks to their reliability, their autonomy and their little size, they are more and more used in many applications. The better understanding of physical phenomena interfering in these systems requires an accurate numerical modelling of heat and mass transfers. This thesis particularly focuses on the transfers modelling in two main different technologies: grooved heat pipes and rotating heat pipes. In a first chapter, a general description of heat pipes is exposed. The second chapter focuses on the description of the physical phenomena occurring in such devices. In grooved heat pipes, important part of the heat flux injected goes through a little region called micro-region. It is localized at the top of the grooves in the evaporator. A model of this region is presented where original results are exposed; correlations are notably proposed to characterize precisely this zone in a macroscopic model of evaporator. The model used here is then adapted to the description of heat and mass transfer through the liquid film along a rotating heat pipes. The results obtained permits to show the influence of the different operating conditions on the heat pipe performances. Finally, thanks to software developed by the CEA-Grenoble, Trio U, first characterisations of the behaviour of liquid/vapour interface are done for simple two phase flows. This study will permit, in the future, to complete the previous modellings: the final aim is to develop a complete thermo-hydraulic model of heat pipe
Guilhem, Noëlie. "Analyses et caractérisations numérique et expérimentale d'un caloduc tournant à grandes vitesses de rotation." Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ESMA0011.
Full textThe use of electrical equipments undergoing hard operating conditions (rotational speed, heat dissipations) leads to the development of an efficient, passive and reliable device, capable of extracting heat from those systems while satisfying constraints such a weight, size and cost encountered in aeronautics. As well as being a good passive system transferring large quantities of heat, the axial rotating heat pipe satisfies all those requirements because of its reduced size and the small working fluid loads. The characterization of this type of two-phase devices operating under high radial acceleration levels (up to 16 000 g) has led to researches both numerical and experimental carried out during this thesis. The first phase of this study is devoted to the internal thermo hydrodynamic behaviour of the rotating heat pipe with a semi-analytic approach, concentrated on the behaviour of the liquid phase. This analysis, carried out with both minimal and overweight conditions, has highlighted the devices performances sensibility to the different operating parameters which are the rational speed, the heat flux, the filling ration the saturation temperature and the type of fluid. The rotating heat pipe characterization has then been completed with an experimental phase, necessary to the evaluation of its heat transfer capacities in real operating conditions. Different series of tests first checked the ability of the device to operate under high accelerations while being loaded with fluid and then lead to the system performances determination for several operating conditions (speed, heat flux, etc. ). All those investigations revealed a very interesting heat transfer potential which is very promising for the integration of this system in rotating equipment
Zeghari, Kaoutar. "Développement de micro-caloduc pour le bâtiment et l'électronique : modélisation et expérimentation." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC218.
Full textThe objective of this study is to introduce a passive heat transfer system whose performance will be optimized to reduce the effect of humidity in bio-sourced building materials and particularly in cob mixes. The studied technology is heat pipes combining heat transfer through phase change and flexibility of application whether for heating as in this study or for cooling as it is common in passive cooling application. This solution enables an effective thermal management with easiness, without compaction nor energy consumption. The heat pipe is in fact a closed device generally designed using copper with an internal wick structure allowing the circulation of the fluid between the heating zone (evaporator) and the cooled zone (condenser). Different experimental set ups were built in the laboratory to first characterize the thermal properties of cob mixes, then, to study the heat transfer in different porous and microchannel heat pipes and after to study the application of heat pipes in these cob mixes based on a standardized method for hydrothermal construction materials characterization. Many experimental studies are introduced by investigation the effect of several parameters. The influence of the fill ratio, type of working fluid, and type of internal structure, dimensions, geometry, and the effect of input heat flux are detailed and analyzed. In parallel, thermal and hydraulic mathematical models have been developed to predict the performance of the porous and microchannel heat pipe. A comparison with the experimental results is also carried out allowing a verification of the models. In addition, an optimization study is introduced by comparing the performance of different heat pipes and studying the effect of using PCMs on the evaporator and condenser side. Finally, the application of heat pipes in buildings is evaluated by investigating experimentally the integration of heat pipes in cob mixes. The study is carried out in a climatic chamber simulating different cycles of humidity variation in order to assess the effect of the heat pipe on the hydrothermal performance of this material
Ternet, François. "Caloduc miniature pour le refroidissement passif des composants électroniques d'un décodeur Orange." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMC221.
Full textThis report presents the study of a passive two-phase cooling of a television decoder using heat pipe. It is composed into two main parts: a first part concerns the numerical studies and the second an experimentalstudy. Numerical study is conducted in order to determine the geometric and physico-chemicalcharacteristics of heat pipes in order to optimally cool the TV decoder. Two numerical analyses arecarried out: a first one, which is analytical model that is based on the global study of the heat pipe inorder to determine the maximum heat flux that can be dissipated. Different working fluid could bestudied and various architectural design of heat pipe are tested. Different fluids are tested in order todetermine the best configuration of the micro-channel respecting heat pipes working limitations. Asecond model is carried out to characterize the local physical parameters such as: pressure in the liquidand vapour phases, temperature, thermal resistances, capillary radius, etc. This second simulation iscarried out by a Runge-Kutta method to solve differential equations. In the experimental part, an experimentalset up is has been installed in the laboratory to study heat pipes performances under variousexperimental conditions. A filling system has been developed for heat pipes in order to test variousworking fluids and different charges. Finally, the best configuration of the heat pipe is tested to coolOrange decoder. Different tests are conducted previously in order to make characterization of the conventionalcooling system and heat pipe cooling mod
Ivanova, Mariya. "Conception et réalisation de fonctions thermiques intégrées dans le substrat de composants électroniques de puissance : apport de la gestion des flux thermiques par des mini et micro caloducs." Grenoble INPG, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00171856.
Full textThe power modules tend to become more compact and this generates a significant increase in the dissipated heat flux densities. A powerful cooling becomes imperative. For the optimal design of a power function, the electric and thermal constraints cannot be treated separately. The flat heat pipes present a interesting solution when the applications concern the space field where the criteria of mass, and electric insulation are of primary importance. The heat pipe is a system which, thanks to a phase shift of a coolant, takes the heat of one point and transports it to another, without using of pump or another mechanical artifice. Initially, theoretical and experimental studies were led to design and realize silicon micro heat pipes. Two types of capillary structure were studied. The first one consists of rectangular axial grooves and the second one of radial grooves. The second part of this work consists of design, realization and characterization of the heat pipe integrated in a DBC (Direct Bonded Copper) substrate. The whole work showed ail the contribution of pipes in the thermal management of the electronic systems
Cardin, Nicolas. "Effet de la contrainte normale électrique sur la forme d'une interface liquide-vapeur dans une rainure carrée : amélioration des performances hydrodynamiques d'un caloduc capillaire." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02612823.
Full textThis project aims to demonstrate the feasibility and value of using electrohydrodynamic (EHD) inside flat plate heat pipes (FPHP). FPHPs are passive devices able to transfer high heat fluxes with low temperature differences owing to phase change heat transfer and capillarity. A numerical model, devoted to the study the shape of a meniscus trapped in a square groove in the presence of an electric stress, is developed. Particular attention is paid to the detailed understanding of the linkages between EHD phenomena, wetting or electro-wetting and capillarity. Dimensionless results from the numerical study are provided in order to be used as abacus for the design of EHD FPHP. Two experimental benches, sharing the same capillary structure made of square grooves, are studied. The first experimental bench devoted to study the local effect of the electric field on the interface shape in the absence of heat flux, by means of a confocal microscope. The experimental results are obtained with a DC electric field and with an AC electric field by means of a vobulation methodology. The experimental results are compared to the numerical results for validation purposes. The second experimental bench is devoted to the study of the effect of an electric field on the thermal performances of a FPHP. The temperature profiles along the FPHP are recorded with thermocouples, while the effect of the electric field on the liquid distribution are recorded by means of a camera. The experimental results proves useful to define the prospects for further experimental an numerical studies to expand the knowledge about of the effect on the use of an electric field in a FPHP
Hoang, Thanh Tung. "Récupération et valorisation d'énergie thermique sur gaz chauds- Approche expérimentale et numérique." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ESMA0016/document.
Full textThe aim of the thesis is to analyze the heat recovery on hot gases at intermediate temperature range (250°C - 450°C). For this purpose, the thermosyphon heat exchanger recuperation technology has been chosen. The choice of a working fluid adapted to these temperature levels is one of the crucial points. A literature review identified naphthalene as a potentialfluid for this temperature range. However, because of the lack of information about naphthalene heat pipes, the development of a fundamental test-rig was necessary to fully characterize the thermal behavior and transport capacities of this fluid.A thermosyphon heat-pipe charged with naphthalene in the shape of a smooth stainless steel tube with a diameter of 23.9mm, a length of 1 m (evaporator zone: 20 cm, condenser zone: 20 cm) has been manufactured and tested. The experimental results obtained demonstrate the feasibility of such system in this temperature range and for the thermal powers required.They reveal an unusual behavior of the thermosyphon during the start-up process. In steady state, the analysis deals with the influence of the saturation temperatures, the transferred heat power and the thermosyphon inclination. In terms of performances, the thermal conductance (evaporator, condenser, system) increases with the vapor temperature and decreases with the heat power supplied to the evaporator. The heat flow rate can be applied from 0.2 to 1.5 kW, or 1 to 8W/cm² at the evaporator. During the tests, the system is found to be less sensitive to inclination (0° to 78°), but more important for 84°. In the horizontal position, the thermosyphon operates, but its heat transfer remains high even far away from the thermosyphon mode. A theoretical model has been developed in which the local heat transfer coefficients(evaporator and condenser) are evaluated by different correlations from literature. The comparison with the experimental results allowed to validate the models retained with good agreement, and to make it possible to predict the heat pipe operation for other solicitations.Thus, and finally, a first thermosyphon charged naphthalene recuperator prototype was designed, manufactured and coupled to the "hot gas" line designed and performed in the laboratory. The first results obtained from the complete system allowed us to develop a strategy for heat recovery system on the exhaust line of an automotive application
Mammeri, Amrid. "Amélioration des performances énergétiques des systèmes de refroidissement industriels : Application aux serveurs informatiques." Phd thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure d'arts et métiers - ENSAM, 2014. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-01062670.
Full textBarba, Higueras María Asunción. "Study of Meter-scale Horizontal Cryogenic Pulsating Heat Pipes." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS224/document.
Full textA pulsating (or oscillating) heat pipe (PHP or OHP) is a heat transfer device composed of a single capillary tube bent in many U-turns, connecting an evaporator to a condenser, separated by an adiabatic part. In the PHP, temperature and pressure conditions of the working fluid are close to phase-change conditions. Due to this and to the capillary dimensions of the tube, the fluid is distributed in alternating liquid slugs and vapor plugs. Permanent thermal instabilities in the PHP create the oscillating flow which allows the transfer of heat from one end (the evaporator) to the other (the condenser).The objective of the present work consists in characterizing the thermo-hydraulic behavior of the meter-scale horizontal cryogenic pulsating heat pipes as a cooling solution for space superconducting magnets. To this, several experiments have been conducted in a cryogenic facility containing three different horizontal pulsating heat pipes. In addition, a numerical 2D model has been proposed for future horizontal pulsating heat pipes simulations.During the research project, numerous tests have been performed using three different working fluids: nitrogen, neon and argon. From experimental results of progressive heat load tests it has been possible to compare the maximum heat load transfer capacity of the PHP with each fluid and the corresponding thermal performance. It has also been noticed that each fluid presents a specific behavior concerning the fluid oscillations. In addition, the thermodynamic state of the fluid in operating conditions and the dry-out process have been characterized. Differences between fluid's behaviors have been partly explained by analyzing the evolution of the fluid physical properties related to the movement and the heat transfer capacity. Furthermore, it has been possible to conclude about the relation between the liquid filling ratio in the PHP and its thermal performance, determining the filling ratios giving the highest thermal performances. Moreover, similar tests have been performed in open configuration (with the PHP connected to the buffer volume) and closed configuration (with the PHP isolated from the buffer volume). From this, it has been possible to conclude about the regulation made by the buffer volume in case of overpressure in the PHP. Also, experimental results from long stability tests have confirmed that these pulsating heat pipe are able to work in stable conditions during long periods as a reliable cooling system. In addition to that, specific tests have been done to determine the optimum start-tup conditions, the influence of the temperature of the condenser in the thermal performance and the influence of the number of turns in the global heat transfer capacity. A final series of tests have been achieved with a sudden extra heat load at the surface of the evaporator while the PHP is operating in stable conditions, simulating a quench event of a superconducting magnet. Experimental results gave us precious information about the transient thermal behavior and operating limits of this kind of device during transient heat loads like quench situations. Concerning the numerical part, a numerical model has been proposed for transient simulations with a pressure-based Fluent solver using the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method in a 2D axisymmetric geometry. Certain characteristics of fluid dynamics in capillary tubes have been confirmed. It has also been noticed that thermodynamic instabilities are not enough to generate the fluid oscillations in capillary tubes. Even if the 2D axisymmetric simulation is still at its early stages, several aspects of the models have been validated after analyzing the evolution of different parameters, suggesting that this kind of model can be considered as a new platform for future 2D pulsating heat pipes simulations
Fourgeaud, Laura. "Analyse de la dynamique du film liquide dans un caloduc oscillant." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAY038/document.
Full textWe experimentally study the behavior of liquid films - so called Landau-Levich films - when they evaporate in their pure vapor atmosphere.The dynamics of this film is a key parameter that rules out the functioning of Pulsating Heat Pipes (PHPs). PHPs are high conductive thermal links. Their heat transfert capability is known to be extremely high. For this reason they are promising for numerous industrial applications. Their geometry is simple. It is a capillary tube bent in several branches that meander between a hot part (called evaporator) and a cold part (called condenser), and filled up with a pure two-phase fluid. When the temperature difference between evaporator and condenser exceeds a certain threshold, gas bubbles and liquid plugs begin to oscillate spontaneously back and forth inside the tube and PHP starts transferring the heat.Our experimental setup features the simplest, single branch PHP. A liquid/vapor interface oscillates in a tube. It deposits a liquid film at each passage. We focus first on the mecanism which makes possible self-sustained interface oscillations and defines its frequency. The obtained motion equation accounts for the viscous dissipation caused by oscillatory flow. In existing PHP modelling, a laminar flow is supposed. Yet, our approach shows that the assumption of weakly inertial flow is preferable and leads to a dissipation rate twice larger that the Poiseuille flow.The experimental setup allows the film visualization. An original combination of optical measurement techniques lets us measure the film length, thickness and 3D-profile at all times. The film evolution has been measured during its whole lifetime. The film is nearly flat (its slope is smaller than 0,1°). The film length is of several centimeters, and the average thickness is 50 microns. Thus, along the total length, its thickness decreases by half. Under heating conditions, the film gradually recedes. A dewetting ridge is formed, near the triple contact line. Such a behavior is typical under non-wetting conditions. At the nanometric scale the contact angle between the liquid and the solid wall is very low. However, we measure a large apparent contact angle (visible at the millimetric scale) which increases with the wall superheating. Once this angle increases, the dewetting ridge is formed and the film recedes. The large apparent contact angle is explained by evaporation in the microscopic vicinity of the contact line. The measured apparent contact angle value agrees quantitatively with theoretical results obtained by other researchers
Rao, Manoj. "Thermo-hydrodynamics of an extended meniscus as unit-cell approach of pulsating heat pipe." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAL0080/document.
Full textThis work makes an attempt to explain the self-sustained thermally-induced oscillations of a two-phase system consisting of an isolated confined liquid–vapour meniscus (a single liquid plug adjoining a vapour bubble) inside a circular capillary tube, the tube length being exposed to a net temperature gradient, thereby creating a continuous cycle of evaporation and condensation. This system represents the simplest ‘unit-cell’ version of a Pulsating Heat Pipe (PHP). The fundamental understanding of its transport behavior leading to self-sustained oscillations is vital for building the hitherto non-existent mathematical models of the complete PHP system. First, visualization of the oscillations of the unit-cell has been done under controlled thermal boundary conditions. Here, a unique and novel understanding of the system dynamics has been achieved by real-time synchronization of the internal pressure measurement with high-speed videography that was used to visualize and record the meniscus oscillations and the thin liquid film that is laid on the wall when the meniscus leaves the evaporator. A numerical model was developed for the system consisting of a vapour plug and a liquid slug oscillating in a tube closed at one end and connected to a reservoir at a constant pressure at the other end. The modeling principle had been posed in previous work. Some modifications were never the less introduced in this work to take into account the peculiarities of the new experimental set-up and to improve the liquid film evaporation model in the light of the experimental results. Also a parametric study was carried out to understand the implications of the various factors on the working of such system
Tran, Thanh-Ha. "Études thermiques du stockeur d'énergie électrique automobile." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014VALE0009/document.
Full textLithium-ion batteries, characterized by their high energy and power density, are highly recommended as power sources for electrified vehicles (HEV/PHEV/EV). However, lithium-ion batteries are very sensitive to their environment and are prone to thermal runaway at high temperature. The goals of this thesis are to develop an accurate lithium-ion cell heat loss calculation method and to investigate the thermal performance of several cooling solutions for HEV/PHEV/EV batteries. The first part presents a global heat calculation procedure for lithium-ion cell which takes into account both the polarization heat and the entropic heat. This heat generation model was coupled with a cell two-dimensional thermal model in order to predict the cell’s temperature. Temperature estimations obtained by simulation for a 22 Ah LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2/graphite cell showed a very good agreement with experimental results. In the second part, thermal performances of several cooling solutions for HEV/PHEV/EV batteries (air, phase change material (PCM) and heat pipe) were evaluated experimentally under several heat rates and cooling conditions. Heat pipe cooling was found to be a promising cooling solution which works efficiently even under low rate ventilation cooling condition. The experimented PCM cooling system had very poor thermal performance, mainly due to the low thermal conductivity of the used PCM formulation. However, simulations showed that significant improvement could be achieved by using another alternative PCM formulation
Mezaache, El-Hacene. "Contribution à l'étude d'un caloduc à conductance variable." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37607985r.
Full textMezaache, El-Hacene. "Contribution à l'étude d'un caloduc à conductance variable." Grenoble INPG, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987INPG0071.
Full textRizk, Rania. "Refroidissement passif de batteries lithium pour le stockage d'énergie." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMC228.
Full textThis thesis deals with the passive cooling of lithium-ion batteries. It consists of two large parts. The first part is an experimental and numerical study of the thermal behaviour of a battery and the second part is the experimental study of a passive system for the cooling of several batteries. An experimental test bench was designed to monitor the thermal evolution of batteries subjected to different currents. The prismatic batteries studied are made of lithium-iron-phosphate and have a capacity of 60 Ah. In a first step, the thermal behaviour of a battery subjected to charge / discharge cycles is experimentally characterized. We show that the temperature is not uniform at the surface of the battery and the hottest area is identified. In a second step, a three-dimensional numerical model was developed to predict the temperature at any point of the battery. This thermal model makes it possible to predict in particular the temperatures inside the battery, not measured experimentally and this, for different currents. The model input data are from experimental trials and literature. This phase of thermal characterization of the battery is essential for the design of a cooling system. Finally, an experimental study of a passive cooling system based on heat pipes and finned plates is carried out. Several configurations are tested progressively with improvements leading finally to a system with ten heat pipes with vertical finned plates at the condenser combined with finned plates placed on the faces of the batteries
Zouitene, Saâd. "Étude numérique et expérimentale du refroidissement des convertisseurs auxiliaires de puissance dans les trains par convection naturelle, film liquide et caloduc." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014VALE0016/document.
Full textThis thesis is about a study and optimization of the cooling electric power converters (CVS) used in trains. These components are heavy, noisy, and are not energetically efficient. We analyze other types of economic and efficient cooling. We used Comsol Multiphysics to study numerically CVS cooling by natural convection using the chimney effect and liquid film by exploiting the phase change to evacuate heat. The numerical results are validated with the results from literature and those obtained experimentally. The results have shown that natural convection is not sufficient to evacuate the heat and the cooling by liquid film represents an interesting solution. We also studied experimentally the effect of the heat pipe cooling. The influence of the heat distribution was also analyzed to optimize the location of the electronic components in the CVS. A general comparison of all results was proposed to optimize the cooling system
Gourdache, Mounir. "Etude du fonctionnement d'un caloduc soumis à des forces externes." Poitiers, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994POIT2354.
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