Relevant bibliographies by topics / Calpuff

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Academic literature on the topic 'Calpuff'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Calpuff"

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Jittra, Nattawut, Nattaporn Pinthong, and Sarawut Thepanondh. "Performance Evaluation of AERMOD and CALPUFF Air Dispersion Models in Industrial Complex Area." Air, Soil and Water Research 8 (January 2015): ASWR.S32781. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/aswr.s32781.

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AERMOD and CALPUFF air dispersion models were evaluated for their performance in predicting nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) in Maptaphut industrial area in Thailand. Emission data were obtained from 292 point sources in the study domain. Modeled results were compared with those measured data from 10 receptor sites. Evaluation of model performance was carried out by using statistical analysis. Overall results revealed that AERMOD provided more accurate results than CALPUFF model for both NO2 and SO2 predictions. As for the highest value, results from robust highest concentration analysis indicated that AERMOD had better performance in predicting extreme high-end concentration than CALPUFF.
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Degrazia, Franco Caldas, Marco Túllio Menna Barreto de Vilhena, Gervásio Annes Degrazia, and Bardo Bodmann. "COMPARISON BETWEEN THE MODELS CALPUFF AND LAGRANGIAN LAMBDA WITH LINE SOURCE." Ciência e Natura 38 (July 20, 2016): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460x20120.

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The aim of this study is to compare the CALPUFF and LAMBDA models and evaluate the regulatory model CALPUFF accuracy in situations of line instant source emissions. Line source emissions exist in a variety of situations in the environmental field. Paved and unpaved roads are the most common examples of line sources. For instance, in the mining sector these two types of sources play an important role of anthropogenic influences in the environment. The OLAD experiment is appropriate to evaluate these models and check the accuracy of both. The CALPUFF results show in the simulations for short and long distances a systematic tendency of sub-prediction for the concentration. The LAMBDA model presented better accuracy in the prediction of natural pollutant dispersion even disregarding the spatial variability of meteorological field and topography. When the LAMBDA model is used the flow of pollutants to greater distances is less pronounced, especially because of the time step of one second adopted in the simulation.
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Dong, Long Xiang, Hong Chao Zuo, and Wen Cheng Dong. "Validation of CALPUFF Applicability within Urban Area." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 1813–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.1813.

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An atmospheric tracer dispersion study known as Urban Meteorological and Tracer Experiment was carried out in Yuzhong County, Gansu province in northwest of China, during October of 2011. By using the observational data, the applicability of CALPUFF model based on Gaussian formula was verified within urban area. The results show that (i) CALPUFF model can reasonably reflect the actual observations on the whole, and the high value centers of tracer concentration was changed with wind direction over the urban canopy layer. (ii) The simulated plume central axis has a bias of 10-15° with observations, and the simulation error is very much big at the single point, especially at the ground.
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Silva, Mauricio Soares da, Bruno D'aiuto da Cunha, Luiz Claudio Gomes Pimentel, Jesús Salvador Pérez Guerrero, and Pedro Caffaro Vicentini. "Análise comparativa da concentração de dióxido de enxofre via modelos regulatórios AERMOD e CALPUFF e monitoramento próximo às fontes de emissão da bacia aérea III - RMRJ." Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia 29, no. 2 (June 2014): 281–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-77862014000200011.

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A Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro (RMRJ) pode ser caracterizada como uma área afetada por diferentes e complexos mecanismos atuantes na dispersão de poluentes, e que vem sendo submetida a profundas transformações no cenário de emissões atmosféricas. Desta forma uma avaliação das atuais ferramentas indicadas pelos órgãos responsáveis na modelagem regulatória para a obtenção de novos licenciamentos ambientais se torna necessária, principalmente, devido ao atual debate da comunidade científica internacional a respeito do uso destas ferramentas. Nesse contexto, os modelos regulatórios de qualidade do ar AERMOD e CALPUFF tiveram seu desempenho avaliado numa aplicação para a RMRJ em condições de modelagem tipicamente aplicáveis para situações nas proximidades das fontes de emissão. As avaliações estatísticas demonstraram um melhor desempenho do CALPUFF para a Bacia Aérea III desta região, sendo os resultados de suas simulações mais conservadores e com uma tendência para superestimar as concentrações, enquanto os resultados do AERMOD apresentaram a tendência de subestimar as concentrações. Para todos os critérios de avaliação, os resultados do CALPUFF demonstraram ser mais realísticos para a estimativa das concentrações de dióxido de enxofre, quando submetidos às condições locais de dispersão durante o período analisado, indicando ser uma ferramenta adequada para uma melhor gestão da qualidade do ar na Bacia Aérea III da RMRJ.
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Bai, Shubin, Yuanqiao Wen, Li He, Yiming Liu, Yan Zhang, Qi Yu, and Weichun Ma. "Single-Vessel Plume Dispersion Simulation: Method and a Case Study Using CALPUFF in the Yantian Port Area, Shenzhen (China)." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21 (October 26, 2020): 7831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217831.

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To study the impact of vessel pollution on the atmospheric environment of the surrounding area, we present a numerical simulation method based on regional emissions inventories. The general spatial resolution is ≥1 km and the temporal resolution is ≥1 h; parameters which are suitable for the study of larger space–time scales. In this paper, the WRF/CALMET/CALPUFF model and Automatic Identification System (AIS) data are employed to develop a single-vessel atmospheric pollution diffusion model. The goal of this research uses existing meteorological models and diffusion models to provide a simulation technology method for studying the diffusion of SO2 from a single ship. We take the outgoing phase of ocean-going container vessels in Yantian Port as an example. It can be used to set the position of sensitive receptors near the port area. Simulations are implemented with CALPUFF and the results are compared with data derived from on-site monitoring instrument. The CALPUFF modelling domain covers an area of 925 km2 with a grid spacing of 500 m. The simulation results demonstrated agreement with the measured data. The ground concentration contribution value ranged from 10 to 102 μg/m3, while the affected area was about 4–26 km2 and the high-value area of the ground concentration contribution was distributed within 1–2 km from the ship track. Emissions generated by the vessels represent a considerable contribution to SO2 pollution around the harbor areas.
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Ha, Minjin, Taekyeong Lee, Im Hack Lee, and Eui Chan Jeon. "Analysis about CO Diffusion Change Caused by Climate Change Using CALPUFF." Journal of Climate Change Research 8, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.15531/ksccr.2017.8.2.81.

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Ridzuan, N., U. Ujang, S. Azri, and T. L. Choon. "VISUALISING URBAN AIR QUALITY USING AERMOD, CALPUFF AND CFD MODELS: A CRITICAL REVIEW." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIV-4/W3-2020 (November 23, 2020): 355–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliv-4-w3-2020-355-2020.

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Abstract. Degradation of air quality level can affect human’s health especially respiratory and circulatory system. This is because the harmful particles will penetrate into human’s body through exposure to surrounding. The existence of air pollution event is one of the causes for air quality to be low in affected urban area. To monitor this event, a proper management of urban air quality is required to solve and reduce the impact on human and environment. One of the ways to manage urban air quality is by modelling ambient air pollutants. So, this paper reviews three modelling tools which are AERMOD, CALPUFF and CFD in order to visualise the air pollutants in urban area. These three tools have its own capability in modelling the air quality. AERMOD is better to be used in short range dispersion model while CALPUFF is for wide range of dispersion model. Somehow, it is different for CFD model as this model can be used in wide range of application such as air ventilation in clothing and not specifically for air quality modelling only. Because of this, AERMOD and CALPUFF model can be classified in air quality modelling tools group whereas CFD modelling tool is classified into different group namely a non-specific modelling tool group which can be implemented in many fields of study. Earlier air quality researches produced results in two-dimensional (2D) visualization. But there are several of disadvantages for this technique. It cannot provide height information and exact location of pollutants in three-dimensional (3D) as perceived in real world. Moreover, it cannot show a good representation of wind movement throughout the study area. To overcome this problem, the 3D visualization needs to be implemented in the urban air quality study. Thus, this paper intended to give a better understanding on modeling tools with the visualization technique used for the result of performed research.
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Porter, Raymond C. "PREDICTING SHORT TERM ODOR IMPACTS USING AERMOD AND CALPUFF." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2004, no. 3 (January 1, 2004): 151–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864704784327412.

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Lee, Chong-Bum, and Jea-Chul Kim. "Evaluation of the CALPUFF Model Using Improved Meteorological Fields in Complex Terrain of East Sea Coast." Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment 25, no. 1 (February 28, 2009): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5572/kosae.2009.25.1.015.

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Choi, Doo Sung, Jong-Sang Youn, Im Hack Lee, Byung Jin Choi, and Ki-Joon Jeon. "Considering Condensable Particulate Matter Emissions Improves the Accuracy of Air Quality Modeling for Environmental Impact Assessment." Sustainability 13, no. 8 (April 16, 2021): 4470. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084470.

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This study examines environmental impact assessment considering filterable particulate matter (FPM) and condensable particulate matter (CPM) to improve the accuracy of the air quality model. Air pollutants and meteorological data were acquired from Korea’s national monitoring station near a residential development area in the target district and background site. Seasonal emissions of PM2.5, including CPM, were estimated using the California puff (CALPUFF) model, based on Korea’s national emissions inventory. These results were compared with the traditional environmental impact assessment results. For the residential development area, the seasonal PM2.5 concentration was predicted by considering FPM and CPM emissions in the target area as well as the surrounding areas. In winter and spring, air quality standards were not breached because only FPM was considered. However, when CPM was included in the analysis, the results exceeded the air quality standards. Furthermore, it was predicted that air quality standards would not be breached in summer and autumn, even when CPM is included. In other words, conducting an environmental impact assessment on air pollution including CPM affects the final environmental decision. Therefore, it is concluded that PM2.5 should include CPM for greater accuracy of the CALPUFF model for environmental impact assessment.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Calpuff"

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MELO, A. M. V. "Avaliação de desempenho dos modelos AERMOD e CALPUFF associados ao modelo PRIME." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2011. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/10249.

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Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T22:53:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_4955_.pdf: 2595696 bytes, checksum: 9e5cf0372c78efe4f4b26fe602407955 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-15
A presença de casas e prédios e outras construções próximas de fontes emissoras afeta o padrão de escoamento de ar e a dispersão dos contaminantes na camada limite superficial. Além disto, o tempo de média para o qual as concentrações médias do contaminante são determinadas depende da composição química do contaminante e do tempo de impacto causado. Por exemplo, para compostos odorantes, o tempo de média deve ser relacionado ao intervalo de tempo de uma inspiração (1 à 5s) ou ao intervalo de tempo para o qual os compostos odorantes causam efetivamente o incômodo. Uma das ferramentas empregadas nos estudos desses impactos são os modelos matemáticos que tem a capacidade de incluir o efeito da presença de obstáculos e de representar concentrações de curto período no escoamento. Devido à facilidade e rapidez em sua aplicação, os modelos gaussianos são muito empregados com adaptações incorporando o efeito de obstáculos e a representação de concentrações de curto período. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar os modelos CALPUFF e AERMOD, utilizando o modelo PRIME para considerar os efeitos da presença do obstáculo, e duas metodologias para a obtenção de concentrações de pico, uma que aplica um fator de ajuste no coeficiente de dispersão e outra que aplica um fator de ajuste diretamente nas concentrações para pequenos intervalos de tempo. Os resultados das modelagens foram comparados com dados obtidos em experimentos de túnel de vento, e mostraram os que os modelos tenderam a subestimar os valores de concentração próximos aos obstáculos, com o modelo AERMOD superestimando seus resultados em relação ao CALPUFF. Além disso, foi possível inferir que o modelo CALPUFF melhora o seu desempenho à medida que a distância em relação ao obstáculo aumenta. Já com relação ao modelo AERMOD, constatou-se que seus resultados melhores ocorrem parte nas regiões próximas do obstáculo, sendo superior ao CALPUFF na maioria dos casos. Entretanto, para maiores distâncias, os dois modelos estimaram resultados semelhantes. A análise das concentrações máximas médias para intervalos de tempo de curto período sugeriu que o ajuste aplicado diretamente nas concentrações nas previsões dos modelos AERMOD e CALPUFF não diferem substancialmente. Porém quando as duas metodologias são analisadas no CALPUFF, as maiores concentrações de pico são encontradas com o fator de ajuste aplicado diretamente nas concentrações, com uma diminuição da diferença entre as metodologias à medida que se tem intervalos de tempos maiores.
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Polenta, Giorgia. "Valutazione tramite il modello CALPUFF dell’impatto odorigeno dovuto all'ampliamento di una discarica." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.

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Lo studio dell'impatto olfattivo, nell'ambito delle valutazione di impatto per l'atmosfera e la qualità dell'aria, rappresenta uno degli elaborati centrali dello Studio di Impatto Ambientale per la realizzazione di impianti di trattamento rifiuti. La complessa natura delle sostanze responsabili di emissioni odorigene, l'impossibilità di misurare fisicamente e chimicamente l'odore, la soggettività della percezione olfattiva, rappresentano tuttavia una serie di elementi che rendono particolarmente complessa la caratterizzazione e la valutazione di impatto delle emissioni odorigene, nonché la regolamentazione dell'inquinamento olfattivo, sia a livello tecnico, sia a livello normativo. In tale tesi si riportano i risultati ad oggi raggiunti in materia di valutazione dell'impatto odorigeno, sia in relazione alle tecniche utilizzate per il campionamento e la rilevazione delle emissioni odorigene, sia in relazione ai criteri di accettabilità delle concentrazioni stimate o misurate. In particolare, si è effettuata la valutazione dell'impatto olfattivo dovuto all'ampliamento di una discarica situata all'interno di un comparto di trattamento rifiuti in Emilia-Romagna, mediante simulazione modellistica previsionale. Per la valutazione si è utilizzato il software Calpuff, modello gaussiano a puff in grado di simulare il trasporto, la trasformazione e la deposizione atmosferica delle sostanze odorigene, fornendo come output l'andamento spazio-temporale della concentrazione al suolo.
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Battilani, Alessandro. "Confronto metodologico nell'applicazione del modello CALPUFF per diversi formati di input meteo." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.

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Obiettivo del seguente lavoro di Tesi è il confronto tra due diversi metodi di inserimento dei dati meteorologici ad un medesimo modello di dispersione gaussiano non stazionario: CALMET ed un file formattato secondo gli standard ISC. Punto di partenza è stata la Tesi di Eleonora Foschi, riguardo le emissioni di inquinanti dall’impianto siderurgico dell’Ilva di Taranto e conseguente modellazione mediante l’accoppiata CALMET-CALPUFF.
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Moreno, Anjelica Victoria Peralez. "Modeling Atmospheric Transport of Perfluorinated Alkyl Substances from Chemours Facilities Using CALPUFF View." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1555004834088189.

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Tarantino, Maria Nastasia. "Valutazione degli effetti delle emissioni in atmosfera di uno stabilimento agroindustriale mediante software CALPUFF." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.

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Oggetto del lavoro di tesi è la trattazione e la modellazione delle emissioni in aria di inquinanti tipici degli stabilimenti industriali, mediante software CalPuff. È stato applicato il modello CALPUFF a uno stabilimento industriale per valutarne gli effetti in termini di concentrazioni degli inquinanti che colpiscono l'uomo. Si è stimata la variazione degli effetti delle emissioni fra stato attuale e configurazione futura, nella previsione del raddoppio della capacità produttiva dell’impianto. Il software comprende tre processori: un preprocessore, CALMET per l’elaborazione dei dati metereologici, il processore centrale, CALPUFF, per la determinazione del file delle concentrazioni calcolate nella griglia di calcolo, e un post-processore CALPOST, che rende leggibili e fruibili i risultati da parte di software esterni per la relativa visualizzazione grafica. La simulazione è stata svolta tenendo conto dei dati dell’intero anno solare 2013. I risultati sono stati elaborati attraverso il software SURFER in grado di fornire isoplete di concentrazione che, riportate sulla mappa del territorio, consentono una chiara visualizzazione delle concentrazioni di inquinanti al suolo. Dai dati ottenuti si rileva che il contributo degli emissivi inquinanti dell’impianto sia modesto e si esclude che possa arrivare a “colpire” l’area urbana, esterna al dominio di calcolo e posta a sud ovest rispetto allo stabilimento. Si ridurrà in maniera sensibile l’impatto ambientale in termini di concentrazioni di inquinanti al suolo nella configurazione futura e dunque il contributo nocivo dell’impianto alla qualità globale dell’aria. Il miglioramento ottenibile nello scenario futuro è ascrivibile da un lato alla scelta progettuale di aumentare l’altezza dei camini per favorire la dispersione di inquinanti in atmosfera e diminuirne la ricaduta al suolo, dall’altro, all’adozione di ulteriori sistemi di abbattimento di inquinanti nei fumi in uscita rispetto alla configurazione attuale.
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Negri, Elena. "Utilizzo del modello Calpuff per l'analisi della qualità dell'aria da emissioni di un impianto di processo." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/2945/.

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Schramm, Juliana. "Estudo da dispersão de poluentes em uma usina termelétrica localizada em linhares utilizando o modelo Calpuff." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/148658.

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O presente estudo visa à obtenção de um modelo utilizando o acoplamento dos códigos WRF e CALPUFF com o objetivo de obter as características do campo meteorológico e da dispersão dos poluentes NO2 e SO2 de uma Usina Termelétrica localizada em Linhares. Foi utilizada uma grade de 100×100 células, com resolução de 1 km durante 90 h. Para vias de comparação, outra simulação foi feita sem a entrada do modelo WRF no CALMET, utilizando uma grade 15×15 sem modificar nenhum outro parâmetro. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados com dados do aeroporto de Vitória e com a legislação ambiental vigente. Para a camada limite planetária, o resultado obtido da simulação WRF/CALMET se encontra dentro da faixa encontrada na literatura. Os demais resultados, média de velocidade e direção do vento, para as duas simulações diferem entre si e dos dados do aeroporto, fato que já era esperado devido à distância e orografia entre a Usina e os dados da estação utilizados como entrada nos modelos. A concentração máxima obtida para os poluentes estudados se encontram dentro dos padrões de qualidade do ar. Devido à falta de dados observacionais, não foi possível uma genuína validação dos resultados, mas, sabendo a localização dos picos, foi possível sugerir locais de amostragem para futura comprovação dos resultados.
This study aims to create a model using the coupling of the WRF and CALPUFF codes in order to obtain characteristics of the meteorological field and the dispersion of pollutants NO2 and SO2 of a power plant located at the city of Linhares. The field consists of a grid of 100×100 cells resolution of 1 km for 90 h. Another simulation was made without using WRF as an input into CALMET, in the purpose of comparison, using a 15×15 grid and no change of other parameters. The results were compared to data from the airport of Vitória and against environmental legislation. For the planetary boundary layer the results of WRF/CALMET simulation are within the range found in the literature. The results of average wind speed and direction obtained by both simulations are different from each other and from the data of the airport,such as expected due to the distance and orography of the power plant and station data used as input into the models. The maximum concentrations of the pollutants are within air quality standards. Due to lack of observational data, genuine validation of the results is not feasible, but knowing the location of the concentration peak, it was possible to propose suitable sampling sites for future verification.
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Foschi, Eleonora. "Analisi delle problematiche ambientali dello stabilimento siderurgico ILVA e parziale valutazione dell’impatto delle sue emissioni in atmosfera attraverso il modello CALPUFF." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/10608/.

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Il presente lavoro di tesi riguarda lo studio di un modello di stima delle emissioni per la previsione della contaminazione ambientale in aria. Il lavoro è stato svolto all’interno del DICAM dell’Università di Bologna attraverso il supporto del relatore Giacomo Antonioni e dei correlatori Ada Saracino e Gigliola Spadoni. L’applicazione modellistica, attraverso l’uso del software CALPUFF, ha trattato le emissioni del camino E312 della sezione Agglomerazione dello stabilimento siderurgico ILVA di Taranto nell’anno 2015. Gli inquinanti simulati sono quelli per i quali lo SME fornisce il flusso di massa: SO2, NOx, PM. Le polveri sono state considerate completamente costituite da polveri PM10 e per esse si è calcolata la concentrazione al suolo e la deposizione. A partire dai risultati per le polveri, ipotizzando che siano in parte veicolati da esse, sono state valutate anche le concentrazioni e le deposizioni di Diossine. Della configurazione modellistica “ottimale” sono stati presentati: ▪ Per i macroinquinanti le medie annue di concentrazione al suolo, e quindi, la dispersione degli inquinanti. ▪ Per i microinquinanti i valori massimi di concentrazione annua e di deposizione ottenuti nell’area di studio. Nel caso in esame, lo studio è stato riferito alla rete deposimetrica di gestione ILVA (per mancanza di dati deposimetrici della rete di gestione ARPA). In particolare è stato preso in considerazione il deposimetro del quartiere Tamburi a fronte delle criticità rilevate nei mesi di Novembre 2014 e Febbraio 2015, tale per cui, visti gli elevatissimi valori di deposizione, vista la notevole importanza che i dati deposimetrici hanno rispetto al rischio sanitario per ingestione, è stata aperta un’indagine della procura che ha affidato l’analisi a ARPA PUGLIA congiunta con l’ISPRA (che ne ha mandato ministeriale) e la Regione Puglia. A fronte di tali episodi, il seguente studio ha voluto fornire un resoconto deposimetrico per l’anno 2015.
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Rossi, Isabella. "Utilizzo del modello Calpuff per la valutazione della qualità dell'aria da emissioni odorigene da un impianto per la lavorazione di semi oleosi." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016.

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Il presente elaborato di tesi si concretizza in un inquadramento generale relativo alle emissioni odorigene: cosa sono, i riferimenti normativi, come si misurano. Si è poi fatto riferimento a un caso reale, ovvero un impianto operante nella lavorazione dei semi oleosi che ha subito una modifica della propria configurazione impiantistica. Le emisisoni odorigene sono state modellate, mediante l'utilizzo del software Calpuff, in relazione a due stati: prima e dopo la modifica. Questo ha permesso di fare un confronto in termini di impatto sull'ambiente.
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Mtiya, Khanyisa Siyakudumisa. "Modelling the dispersion of SO2 emissions from the chevron (Cape Town) oil refinery using the US EPA dispersion models AERMOD and CALPUFF." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/864.

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Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Master of Technology: Chemical Engineering in the Faculty of Engineering at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology 2013
In South Africa, the Department of Environmental Affairs (DEA) under the National Environmental Management Act, 1998 (Act 107 of 1998) (“NEMA”) sets out a series of environmental management principles that apply to the interpretation and application of all legislation that may affect the environment. Since 1998, various specific environmental statutes that fall under the NEMA framework have been promulgated, including the National Environmental Management: Air Quality Act, Act 39 of 2004 (NEM: AQA).NEM:AQA provides norms and standards for all technical aspects of air quality management. The National Framework (Sections 7 and 8 of NEM:AQA) must provide mechanisms, systems and procedures to promote holistic and integrated air quality management through pollution prevention and minimisation at source, and through impact management with respect to the receiving environment, from local scale to international issues. Among other measures, the NEM:AQA (Section 9) requires the establishment of Ambient Air Quality Standards and Emission Standards. These standards were promulgated in December 2009 and March 2010 respectively. Air quality monitoring stations, which sample and analyse pollutant concentrations continuously, are a common method of assessing air quality in a region. But a few continuous monitors located in source given region or airshed are inadequate for assessing compliance with ambient air quality standards – they are only able to monitor concentrations at a fixed site, not through the entire region of impact. In contrast, the ambient air quality standards are applicable everywhere. Air quality models estimate ground level ambient concentrations throughout the modelling domain, and in principle (subject to proper validation) provide better estimates of area-wide concentrations and hence the basis for assessing compliance with air quality standards. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) approved atmospheric air dispersion models AERMOD and CALPUFF were used in this thesis to predict the ground level concentrations of SO2 emitted from Chevron Refinery (Cape Town), for the year 2010. The modelling is validated by comparing measured ambient concentrations with modelled concentrations. The results showed AERMOD-modelled annual average values for 2010, based on refinery emissions only, are in good agreement with monitored values at the Table View and Bothasig sites, predicting the monitored values by -11% and +17% respectively. The 24-hr average values similarly are in good agreement with monitored values, on average over-predicting by 9% at Table View, although the fit of the day-to-day modelled vs monitored values is comparatively poor (R2=0.32); at the Bothasig site the corresponding values are - 36% and R2= 0.089. The AERMOD-modelled isopleths imply that the 2010 annual average concentrations exceeded the South African Standard of 50 μg/m3 in a small area in the immediate vicinity of the refinery. The hourly and 24-hourly average standard concentrations of 350μg/m3 and 125μg/m3 respectively are exceeded in significantly larger areas. The allowable exceedences for hourly and 24-hourly averages are also exceeded, implying that the hourly and 24-hourly standards were exceeded. CALPUFF-modelled average values for 2010, based on refinery emissions only, are in comparatively poor agreement with monitored values at the Table View and Bothasig sites, under-predicting the monitored values by -20% and -61% respectively. Since the AERMOD-modelled concentrations are in far better agreement with monitored concentrations, only AERMOD was used for further analysis. The Emission Standards promulgated in March 2010 included emission limit values for sulphur dioxide emitted from oil refineries. If the actual 2010 emission rates were adjusted downwards to match the emission standards (to be complied with from 1 April 2015), AERMOD modelling indicates that the annual, 24-hourly and hourly Ambient Air Quality Standards would not be exceeded. Based on this case study, the current Emission Standard for SO2 emissions from existing crude oil refineries is therefore coherent with the Ambient Air Quality Standards. Regulatory air dispersion modelling practices in South Africa are being standardised for model applications regulatory purposes and to ensure that dispersion modelling practices are undertaken in a compatible form to ensure that results from one dispersion model study can be compared directly to those from another. In this study both AERMOD and CALPUFF modelling complied with the draft South African guidelines for Air Quality Modelling, yet the CALPUFF- modelled outputs differed significantly from the monitored values. This emphasizes the importance of the inclusion of modelling validation in guidelines for modelling for regulatory purposes. The 2012 draft regulation should be amended to make validation of regulatory dispersion modelling compulsory rather than optional as per the draft.
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Books on the topic "Calpuff"

1

Coulter, C. Thomas. A comparison of CALPUFF with ISC3. Research Triangle Park, N.C: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, 1998.

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Coulter, C. Thomas. A comparison of CALPUFF with ISC3. Research Triangle Park, N.C: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, 1998.

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Coulter, C. Thomas. A comparison of CALPUFF with ISC3. Research Triangle Park, N.C: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, 1998.

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S, Irwin John, United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Emissions, Monitoring, and Analysis Division, Earth Tech (Firm), and Interagency Workgroup on Air Quality Modeling (U.S.), eds. A user's guide for the CALPUFF dispersion model. Research Triangle Park, N.C: The Division, 1995.

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Pavanar katavul nampikkaiyum camayac calpum. Cennai: Ulakat Tamilaraycci Niruvanam, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Calpuff"

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Scire, Joseph S., David G. Strimaitis, and Mark E. Fernau. "New Developments in the CALPUFF Non-Steady-State Modeling System." In Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application XI, 389–97. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5841-5_41.

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Irwin, John S., Joseph S. Scire, and David G. Strimaitis. "A Comparison of CALPUFF Modeling Results with CAPTEX Field Data Results." In Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application XI, 603–11. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5841-5_62.

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Irwin, John S. "A Comparison of Calpuff Modeling Results With 1977 Inel Field Data Results." In Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application XII, 143–53. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9128-0_16.

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Carizi, G., S. Cinotti, F. Gianfelici, I. Giovannini, A. Levy, and L. Presotto. "Air Pollutant Diffusion In Complex Terrain: An Application Of The Calpuff Modeling Syste." In Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application XIII, 641–49. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4153-0_66.

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Mak, Jackson, Camille Taylor, Melanie Fillingham, and Jamie McEvoy. "Comparison of the Performance of AERMOD and CALPUFF Dispersion Model Outputs to Monitored Data." In Springer Proceedings in Complexity, 357–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22055-6_57.

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de Haan, Peter, Mathias W. Rotach, Joseph S. Scire, and David G. Strimaitis. "Introduction of a Puff-Particle Approach for Near-Source Dispersion into the Calpuff Model." In Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application XIII, 147–55. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4153-0_15.

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Tomasi, Elena, Lorenzo Giovannini, Marco Falocchi, Dino Zardi, Gianluca Antonacci, Enrico Ferrero, Andrea Bisignano, Stefano Alessandrini, and Luca Mortarini. "Dispersion Modeling Over Complex Terrain in the Bolzano Basin (IT): Preliminary Results from a WRF-CALPUFF Modeling System." In Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XXV, 157–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57645-9_25.

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Shu, Weipeng, Yawei Mao, and Wei Liu. "Assessing the Conservatism in EPZ Determined on Plume Centerline Dose: A CALPUFF-Based Method Used in Level 3 PSA." In Proceedings of The 20th Pacific Basin Nuclear Conference, 691–704. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2314-9_64.

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"Calpuff." In Pollution Control Handbook for Oil and Gas Engineering, 203–4. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119117896.ch16.

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"CALPUFF AND CALMET." In Air Dispersion Modeling, 514–41. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118723098.ch15.

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Conference papers on the topic "Calpuff"

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Yau, K. H., and J. Thé. "A distributed computing solution for CALPUFF." In AIR POLLUTION 2007. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/air070131.

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Chris G Henry, Steve J Hoff, Larry D Jacobsen, Dennis D Schulte, Peter C D'Abreton, Robin J Ormerod, Geordie G Galvin, and David P Billesbach. "Downwind Odor Predictions from Four Swine Finishing Barns Using CALPUFF." In International Symposium on Air Quality and Waste Management for Agriculture, 16-19 September 2007, Broomfield, Colorado. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.23857.

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Yongxin Li and Huiqing Guo. "Comparison of Odor Dispersion Predictions between CFD Model and CALPUFF Model." In 2006 Portland, Oregon, July 9-12, 2006. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.21120.

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Wang, Zheng, Xiaofei Shi, Jiao Bai, Xiang Zhou, Gong Cai, Lixin Lu, Hao Fang, and Jiabin Fan. "Optimization of Environmental Monitoring Sites in Shenyang City with WRF/CALPUFF Model." In 2017 International Conference on Computer Systems, Electronics and Control (ICCSEC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccsec.2017.8446788.

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Thomas P Curran, Vincent A Dodd, and William L Magette. "Evaluation of ISC3 and CALPUFF Atmospheric Dispersion Models for Odor Nuisance Prediction." In 2007 Minneapolis, Minnesota, June 17-20, 2007. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.23276.

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Lingjuan Wang, Calvin B. Parnell, Jr., David B. Parker, Ronald E. Lacey, and Bryan W. Shaw. "Determination of Odor Emission Rates from Cattle Feedlots Using CALPUFF and ISCST3 Models." In 2005 Tampa, FL July 17-20, 2005. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.19897.

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Arregocés, H., R. Rojano, G. Restrepo, and L. Angulo. "Using CALPUFF to determine the environmental impact of a coal mine open pit." In AIR POLLUTION 2016. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/air160061.

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Trozzi, C., S. Villa, and E. Piscitello. "Use of CALPUFF and CAMx models in regional air quality planning: Italy case studies." In AIR POLLUTION 2009. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/air090021.

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Christopher G Henry, Peter C D'Abreton, Robin J Ormerod, Geordie Galvin, Steve J Hoff, Larry D Jacobsen, Dennis D Schulte, and Dave P Billesbach. "Ground Truthing CALPUFF and AERMOD for Odor Dispersion from Swine Barns using Ambient Odor Assessment Techniques." In International Symposium on Air Quality and Manure Management for Agriculture Conference Proceedings, 13-16 September 2010, Dallas, Texas. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.32643.

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Huertas, Jose´ I., Mauricio Y. Carmona, and Diego Moreno. "Air Dispersion Model to Forecast Pollutant Concentration Around Thermal Power Plants." In ASME 2006 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2006-88155.

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Abstract:
The Mexican environmental authority requires that thermal power plants operate 3 or 4 air quality monitoring stations around its main stack to ensure that pollutant concentration levels are always below the maximum allowable. However the high cost of these stations and the cost of their maintenance have made this regulation economically unreasonable. It has been proposed to reduce the number of monitoring stations to one and substitute the other stations by an accurate atmospheric dispersion model that allows the permanent surveillance of the surface pollutant concentration levels around the thermoelectric power plants. CALPUFF, an advanced air pollution dispersion modeling system was implemented for the special case of the Mexican thermal power plants. Experimental work was conducted to verify the correct implementation of the model. This paper describes the main results obtained during the development of this work.
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