Academic literature on the topic 'Calque translation'
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Journal articles on the topic "Calque translation"
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Corina, Sandiuc. "A typological analysis of calque in Romanian maritime terminology." Scientific Bulletin of Naval Academy XIX, no. 1 (July 15, 2018): 223–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21279/1454-864x-18-i1-035.
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The linguistic contact between French and Romanian had major effects on the formation of the Romanian maritime terminology. There are three major ways in which this linguistic influence took place: the loan, the calque (loan translation) and the translation. The purpose of the present paper is to draw a typology of calque, taking as reference the classification and the theory expressed by the Romanian linguist Theodor Hristea. Our analysis will cover only certain types of calques because the structure of the Romanian maritime terminology is necessarily limited to some recurrent categories, such as: lexical calque, semantic calque, phraseological calque (idiomatic and non-idiomatic) and grammatical calque. It appears that most of the linguistic calques existing in the Romanian maritime vocabulary are lexical in nature. Moreover, the semantic calque has provided us with one of the richest sources of linguistic material, especially since the calque also deals with the cases of metaphorization, metonymy, synecdoche, and manifests itself in parallel with the passage from one register to another of a maritime term. In the complex classification of the non-idiomatic phraseological calques, we will use the morphological criterion to analyse the maritime phraseological units according to the parts of speech they comprise. Thus, we can have constructions following the patterns: noun + noun (Nominative), noun + noun (Genitive), noun + preposition + noun, noun + adjective, adjective + noun, etc.
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Pietrzak-Porwisz, Grażyna. "MELLAN DOMESTICERING OCH EXOTISERING." Folia Scandinavica Posnaniensia 17, no. 1 (December 1, 2015): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/fsp-2015-0010.
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Abstract The present paper deals with culture-specific items as a translational problem. It is based on two Polish translations of four Swedish books from the famous detective series by Maj Sjöwall and Per Wahlöö. The aim of the study is to analyze some of the practices employed by two Polish translators against the translation methods proposed by Newmark (1988), Svane (2002) and Ingo (2009). For this purpose a number of highly specific cultural items have been collected and the methods applied by translators have been identified. The analysis has shown a big difference between translators in dealing with culture-specific items. The first translator, Maria Olszańska, adopts such translation methods as calque translation, hyperonym, functional equivalent, paraphrase and omission. The other translator, Halina Thylwe, prefers transference and calque translation combined with additional explanations, either in the main part of the text or in footnotes. The methods employed by both translators are a result of choosing between global translation strategies domestication and foreignization (Venuti 1995). Domestication, adopted in the older translations, minimizes the strangeness of the Swedish text to the Polish readers, whereas foreignization in the newer translations retains the foreignness of the original.
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Sewell, Penelope M. "The Occurrence of Calque in Translation Scripts." Meta 46, no. 3 (October 2, 2002): 607–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/004120ar.
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Abstract It seemed to the author that students were making a larger number of calques when translating from French into English than from English into French.This paper first explores the notion of calque in order to arrive at an operational definition, then identifies and discusses instances of calque in two texts translated under examination conditions, without dictionaries. The students are then divided into categories according to their L1 and observations are made about the amount of calquing exhibited by each group. The results raise a number of questions to which only further research can find an answer.
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Abdi, Hamidreza. "A Skopos-theoretical Analysis of Political Texts from English into Persian: The Case of Donald Trump’s Executive Orders." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 9, no. 7 (July 1, 2019): 884. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0907.20.
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The present study attempted to investigate Schjoldager's (2008) taxonomy of translation microstrategies applied by the translator for translating "Donald Trump’s Executive Orders." This led to determine the most/least microstrategies and translation macrostrategy employed by the translator as well as his success in producing the TT and in fulfilling the skopos of the translation. To achieve this, 20 English versions of "Donald Trump’s Executive Orders" were chosen as the sample of analysis and compared with their Persian translations. As the results indicated, among Schjoldager's translation microstrategies, the translator employed all 12 strategies. This includes direct transfer, calque, direct translation, oblique translation, explicitation, paraphrase, adaptation, addition, condensation, substitution, deletion, and permutation of which explicitation and direct transfer were the most/least used microstrategies. Based on the findings, TT-oriented strategies have been used more than ST-oriented ones. Thus, under the skopos theoretical approach, the translator was successful in translating "Donald Trump’s Executive Orders" and in fulfilling the skopos of the translation. This was because of that translations made by him were easy to understand to all types of TT readers. This study offers some helpful pedagogical implications to translation students and trainees, teachers, and those responsible for teaching students and training translators.
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Shanti Nilayani, Wayan. "Translation Procedures Applied in Translating Immigration Terminologies." Linguistika: Buletin Ilmiah Program Magister Linguistik Universitas Udayana 27, no. 2 (September 30, 2020): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ling.2020.v27.i02.p07.
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Translating technical terminologies that belong to special field is challenging, especially to those who are not mastering the field. In translating the immigration terminologies found in the regulations concerning immigration, the translators applied various translation procedures in order to maintain the meaning. The aim of this research is to identify the translation procedures applied in translating the immigration terminologies found in the data source. The data were collected from Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2011 tentang Keimigrasian, Peraturan Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 104 Tahun 2015 tentang Perubahan Atas Peraturan Presiden Nomor 69 Tahun 2015 tentang Bebas Visa Kunjungan, along with their translations. Qualitative research approach is applied in this writing. The theory used to analyze the data is the theory of translation proposed by Vinay and Darbelnet. The result of the research showed that in translating the immigration terminologies found in the data source, the translator applied 5 (five) out of 7 (seven) translation procedures. These 5 (five) procedures are borrowing, calque, literal, transposition, and modulation. The other 2 (two) translation procedures that were not applied are equivalence and adaptation.
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Carolia, Dewata. "Translation Procedures in Translating Abstracts of Postgraduate Students of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University." Journal of English Language Teaching and Cultural Studies 2, no. 1 (June 7, 2019): 25–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.48181/jelts.v2i1.7744.
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The research conducts to understand the translation procedures used in the translation of the thesis abstracts of postgraduate students. This research is qualitative. The data collected from students’ thesis abstract of Indonesia Language and Learning Technology programs. The result shows that there are five translation procedures applied, such borrowing, calque, literal translation, transposition, and modulation; and the most dominant procedure used in translated thesis abstracts is literal translation with 9 sentences (32,14%), followed by modulation, borrowing and transposition with each of them is (17,85%), and the last is calque (14,28%).
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Gedzevičienė, Dalia. "On the use of semantic calques in academic legal written language." Taikomoji kalbotyra, no. 5 (November 5, 2015): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/tk.2014.17457.
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The use of semantic calques in academic legal written language is the focus of the present article. Semantic calques are words in new irregular meanings. The following two groups of semantic calques in academic legal written language are distinguished: old calques, which are produced in the Lithuanian language due to the impact of the Russian language, and new calques, which have been produced in the Lithuanian language due the impact of the English language. The most frequently used calques of the first group are the verbs (pa)talpinti, atstatyti, sutikti, naudoti and their derivatives, the adjectives pilnas, -a, vieningas, -a and their derivatives, the noun saugiklis.The most frequently used calques of the second group are the adjectives pilotinis, harmoningas, -a, the verb harmonizuoti and the noun harmonizavimas. The present paper aims to identify the key reasons why some semantic calques spread in the academic language of the law. According to the contact between the user of the calque and the foreign language of its origin, the article distinguishes two types of reasons: primary and secondary. Primary reasons (concerned with the direct contact between the user of the calque and the language of origin) can be divided into three general reasons: (1) life among bilingual population; (2) the author of the text is a non-native speaker of Lithuanian; (3) the author relies on secondary written sources (research papers, documents, legal acts) in foreign languages, especially on its non-professional translation. Secondary reasons are concerned with an indirect contact between the user of the calque and the language of origin. In many cases the user of the calque does not know the foreign language from which the calque has been adopted. Semantic calques are copied from administrative language (legal acts, codes), public spoken language and are the result of imitation. Due to secondary reasons the calque appearing in a narrow peripheral field of standard language is further transferred into general usage. The analysis of the texts has demonstrated that in most cases semantic calques spread in academic legal written language due to extralinguistic factors. For example, Soviet occupation is one of them, when Russian in fact had the status of a state language. Now we are in a different situation, when the EU membership requires that all legal acts be translated into national languages of all member states.
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Jiabao, Li, and Natalia S. Milianchuk. "FUNCTIONING OF CHINESE SEMANTIC CALQUES IN BORIS YULSKY’S STORIES." Humanities And Social Studies In The Far East 19, no. 1 (2022): 182–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31079/1992-2868-2022-19-1-182-187.
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The article examines the functional and stylistic potential of semantic calquing in the literary embodiment of the dialogue of cultures. Traditionally, calque is interpreted as a type of borrowing or a way of translation, but in the process of analyzing literary text, calque is seen as a tool that allows a writer, using the means of one language, to reflect the consciousness of a native speaker of another language. Specific cases of the use of Chinese semantic calques in Boris Yulsky’s stories are identified and analyzed. The conclusions are made about their literary functions: Chinese semantic calques allow the writer to reflect important features of Chinese picture of the world and national communicative behavior, create authentic images of Chinese characters, immerse Russian reader into the atmosphere of Chinese culture.
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Kustanti, Wahyu Tri, and Farida Agoes. "AN ANALYSIS OF THE TRANSLATION OF PROCEDURE TEXT IN ANDROID, IOS, WINDOWS OPERATING SYSTEMS MOBILE PHONES’ MANUAL BOOKS." Jurnal Bahasa Inggris Terapan 3, no. 1 (February 21, 2017): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.35313/jbit.v3i1.1279.
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The main objective of this research is to find out the translation technique mostly used in translating the same words and phrases of Android, iOS and Windows mobile phones’ manual books. Its data were obtained through collecting the printed manual books and unprinted manual books from internet. The data were analyzed by using theory of translation technique by Molina & Albir (2002). The final results of the research indicate the following. First, there are 100 similar words and phrases were found among translation of 3 OS mobile phones’ manual books. Second, there are 9 translation techniques used; adaptation, amplification, borrowing, calque, establish equivalent, discursive creation, generalization, and particularization. In addition, the translation technique mostly used in translation of Android, iOS And Windows mobile phones’ manual books is Calque. Key words: Translation, Similar Words, Phrases & Sentences, Mobile Phones’ Manual Book
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Asriana, Risa Winda, and Rudi Hartono. "Procedures of Translating Dialogue in Carroll’s "Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland" from English into Indonesian." Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Cultural Studies 8, no. 1 (July 29, 2019): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/rainbow.v8i1.30980.
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Translation is one activity which needs strategy. In translation there are many strategies which can be used to translate one language to another language. There are technique, method, strategy and procedure. In this study, the researcher provides vivid comprehension on how the translator used the translation procedures to render the meaning of the dialogue. The study attempted to focus on the dialogue translation of Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll and its Indonesian version translated by Agustina Reni Eta Sitepoe. The objectives of the study were to describe the translation procedures used in translating the dialogue in the Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland novel. In conducting this research, the writer used descriptive qualitative approach. This study applied the theory proposed by Vinay and Darbelnet (in Hatim and Munday 2004:30) about translation procedures. The data in this study were words, phrases, clauses and sentences in the form of utterances in the dialog of the novel. The results of the study showed that there were 213 data of dialogues and seven translation procedures found in this study. The seven translation procedures were transposition, literal translation, modulation, adaptation, equivalence, calque, and borrowing. The translation procedures mostly used was transposition (76.99%), followed by literal translation (8.92%), modulation (7.98%), adaptation (2.81%), equivalence (1.87%), calque (1.40%), and borrowing (0.46%).
Keywords: Translation Procedures; Dialogues; Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland; English into Indonesia
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Calque translation"
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Karlsson, Susanne. "Terminology in the Translation of TwoTexts on Structural Engineering." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk och litteratur, SOL, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-13519.
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This paper is about the handling of challenging terminology within the technical field of structural engineering. The translation of two texts on structural systems "Antiquated Structural Systems Series", published in STRUCTURE magazine, serves as the basis for this study. The analysis focuses on the search and textual strategies for a selection of difficult terms. The terms are divided into four groups: terms with no Swedish equivalent; terms with more than one Swedish equivalent; acronyms; and measurements. The analysis shows that the search strategies are the same, regardless of term type, and that they involve many steps, including looking for terms in dictionaries and term banks; comparing terms in encyclopedias and parallel texts; and confirming usage. The textual strategies that were helpful in the translation were procedures based on the theories of Vinay and Darbelnet (in Munday 2008) and Ingo (2007), such as literal translation, borrowing, calque, adaptation and addition. The result shows that the chosen textual strategy for each challenging term differed greatly and depended on, for example, context and translator preference.
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Ljepavic, Danijela. "Les expressions figées en français et en BCMS : traduction, comparaison." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAC013.
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Cette thèse procède à une comparaison des expressions figées entre les langues BCMS (bosniaque/bosnien, croate, monténégrin, serbe) et le français en vue de la traduction. Dans la première partie, l'étude commence par la définition des expressions figées et des critères de figement. Après avoir fait le point sur la question des langues BCMS, on présente le corpus des expressions figées en BCMS et en français, avec leur répartition dans différents domaines culturels et la distinction de trois types d'expressions : calques, expressions transparentes, expressions opaques. La seconde partie est consacrée à l'analyse comparative des expressions figées en BCMS et en français. Elle commence par un parcours de leurs différentes origines, puis on examine les fondements culturels des expressions figées, en fonction de différents domaines fournisseurs. On développe ensuite une analyse linguistique comparée des expressions figées, en détaillant les noms composés et les différentes locutions (verbales, adjectivales etc.) et en intégrant la dimension rhétorique, notamment les métaphores. Pour finir, après une mise au point générale sur la traduction, on examine les problèmes d'interprétation et les différentes solutions de traduction des expressions figées dans les deux sens, entre français et BCMSThis thesis makes a comparison between the idioms of the BCMS languages (Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin, Serbian) on the one side, and the French language on the other, in the domain of translation.In the first segment, the study begins with the definition of idioms and the criteria for fixation. After the explanation of differences among BCMS languages, we present the corpus of idioms in BCMS and in French, with their distribution within different cultural domains, while distinguishing among three types of idiomatic expressions: literal, transparent, and opaque.The second part is devoted to the comparative analysis of idioms in BCMS and French. It begins with a record of their different origins, after which we examine the cultural foundations of expressions, depending on different domains. We develop a comparative linguistic analysis of idioms, giving details on various compound names and phrases (verbal, adjectival, etc.), and integrating the rhetorical dimension, including metaphors. Finally, after an overall focus on translating, we examine issues found in interpretation and translation solutions for different idioms between French and BCMS
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Sebotsa, Mosisili. "La contribution de la traduction à l'expansion lexicale du sesotho." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2121/document.
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Si la traduction est simplement définie comme un processus de communication bilingue dont le but général est de reproduire en langue cible un texte qui soit fonctionnellement équivalent au texte de départ (Reiss 2004 : 168-169), l’approche empruntée dans la présente thèse est celle d’une opération interculturelle et systématique qui vise à capturer le message issu d’une langue étrangère, à le décrypter en tenant en compte des nuances culturelles ou inhérentes à la discipline, et à le rendre le plus clairement possible en se servant d'éléments linguistiques et extralinguistiques compréhensibles dans la langue du locuteur cible. L'objectif est de déterminer la contribution de la traduction à l’expansion lexicale du sesotho, domaine qui demeure peu exploré par les spécialistes de cette langue. La problématique de ce travail repose sur la constatation que les néologismes en sesotho ne sont pas documentés de manière satisfaisante, si bien qu’il est difficile d'évaluer la contribution de la traduction à l’expansion lexicale. Les études antérieures sur la morphologie, la dérivation, la composition, l’emprunt et la dénomination s’appuient sur la mesure de la productivité, soulevant la question de savoir si la traduction en soi contribue à l’enrichissement terminologique du sesotho. Le point de départ de la thèse est l'hypothèse selon laquelle l’interaction avec le monde européen a nécessité de traduire de nombreux concepts qui n’existaient pas dans les systèmes traditionnels du Lesotho, ce qui a entraîné un nouveau dynamisme qui a permis de combler des lacunes terminologiques évidentes et de s’ouvrir et de s’adapter aux nouvelles réalités. Pour mettre cette hypothèse à l’épreuve et arriver à des conclusions éclairées et fiables, je cherche à répondre à trois questions : 1) Quelle est la structure des mots sesothos par rapport à celle de l’anglais en tant que langue source de traduction en sesotho, et du français en tant que langue de rédaction de la thèse ? 2) Etant donné que le sesotho est utilisé concomitamment avec l’anglais sans pour autant être la langue d'une culture inventrice en matière technologique, quel est le rôle que joue l’emprunt dans son expansion lexicale ? 3) D’un point de vue lexicologique, comment le sesotho répond-il aux besoins terminologiques dans les domaines de spécialité techno-scientifiques ? Pour y répondre, je m'appuie sur Doke (1954) et Matšela et al. (1981) pour situer le sesotho parmi les langues bantoues, préciser les fonctions du préfixe classificateur et établir la différence entre les composés sesothos d'une part et les composés anglais et français d'autre part. J’utilise ensuite la théorie avancée par Lederer (1990) pour démontrer l’influence syntaxique, sémantique et morphologique que l’anglais a sur le sesotho et pour présenter les différents procédés d’emprunt du sesotho. Diki-Kidiri (2008), Dispaldro et al. (2010) et Baboya (2008) démontrent la nécessité de faire appel aux informateurs-spécialistes pour confirmer l’hypothèse de départ. Les résultats obtenus mettent en évidence qu’en effet, la traduction a contribué à l’expansion du sesotho moderne, bien que cela n’ait pas été documenté, d’où la recommandation d'un travail collaboratif entre lexicologues au Lesotho, au Botswana, en Namibie et en Afrique du Sud, pour ouvrir de nouvelles perspectives d’études linguistiques sur le sesotho et pouvoir suivre et mesurer l’évolution de la langueWhilst translation is simply defined as a communication process whose main objective is to reproduce in the target language a text that is functionally equivalent to the source text (Reiss 2004: 168-169), the approach taken in this study views translation as an intercultural and systematic operation whose objective is to capture the message from the foreign language, to decrypt it taking into account cultural nuances or those inherent in the field at hand and to render it in the clearest possible manner using linguistic and extra linguistic elements which are comprehensible to the speaker of the target language. This study is aimed at determining the contribution of translation to the lexical expansion of Sesotho, an area which has been little explored by specialists of the language. The core issue is centred on the observation that Sesotho neologisms are not well documented, so that it is hard to measure the contribution of translation towards the lexical expansion of Sesotho. Analyses of morphology, derivation, compounding, borrowing and denomination are mainly focused on productivity in order to determine whether translation as a discipline contributes towards the creation of new words in the language.The study begins by positing the hypothesis that the interaction with the Western world necessitated the translation of numerous concepts which were absent from the then existing Sesotho systems. This process of interaction contributed a new dynamism that helped the language to bridge the terminological gap, to open up and adapt to new realities. In order to put this hypothesis to the test and arrive at well-researched and reliable conclusions, I attempt to probe three issues of concern: firstly, what is the structure of the Sesotho language compared to that of the English language as the source language of most translations into Sesotho and compared to that of the French language as the language in which this study is presented? Secondly, considering that Sesotho is used simultaneously with English even though it is not a techno-scientifically inventing language, what is the role played by the processes of borrowing in the lexical expansion of Sesotho? Thirdly, from the word-formation point of view, how does Sesotho respond to the terminological deficiencies in various fields of specialisation?To address these issues, Doke (1954) and Matšela et al. (1981) serve as references to situate Sesotho among the Bantu languages, to highlight the functions of the class prefix and to establish the difference between Sesotho and English and French compounding. Secondly, the theory advanced by Lederer (1990) serves as a springboard to analyse the syntactic, semantic and morphological influences that English has on Sesotho and to present the different borrowing processes. The third issue is addressed based on the theories presented by Diki-Kidiri (2008) while the theories proposed by Dispaldro et al. (2010) and Baboya (2008) led to the decision to call upon specialist informants to confirm the original hypothesis. The results obtained provide evidence that translation has, in fact, contributed to the lexical expansion of modern Sesotho, even though this has not been well documented. The study recommends collaborative work between Lesotho, Botswana, Namibian and South African linguists in order to open new avenues of linguistic studies on Sesotho with the aim to measure and monitor the evolution of the language
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Li, Sizhun. "SnRK1-eIF4E Interaction in Translational Control and Antiviral Defense." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1417694518.
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Chegroun, Nouara. "Etude numérique des actions hydrodynamiques sur une sphère en translation et rotation dans la gamme des nombres de Reynolds inferieurs à 50." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPL122N.
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Dans le but de déterminer les coefficients de trainée, de portance et de couple d'une sphère animée d'un mouvement de translation et de rotation simultanées, on propose une résolution numérique des équations de Navier-Stokes au moyen d'une méthode de correction de pression appliquée à un maillage non uniforme construit sur des coordonnées sphériques. L'étude est limitée au régime stationnaire, dans le domaine des nombres de Reynolds inferieurs à 50, qui sont ceux que l'on rencontre le plus fréquemment en mécanique des suspensions. Les résultats obtenus apportent des informations originales, complétant utilement les rares connaissances existantes dans cette gamme de nombres de Reynolds intermédiaires
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Ronzier, Elsa. "Régulation post-traductionnelle des canaux potassiques par les CPKs (Protéines Kinases Dépendantes du Calcium) chez Arabidopsis thaliana : un rôle dans la réponse adaptative aux stress environnementaux ?" Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NSAM0021/document.
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Régulation post-traductionnelle des canaux potassiques par les CPKs (Protéines Kinases Dépendantes du Calcium) chez Arabidopsis thaliana : un rôle dans la réponse adaptative aux stress environnementaux ? Les canaux potassiques de la famille Shaker sont des voies majeures du transport de K+ à travers la membrane plasmique. Ces canaux sont impliqués dans l'absorption du potassium depuis le sol et dans sa redistribution dans les parties aériennes de la plante. Ils sont également impliqués dans les mouvements stomatiques et sont pour cela finement régulés. Ils peuvent subir des modifications post-traductionnelles telle que la phosphorylation par des protéines kinases. L'objectif principal de ce travail de thèse s'inscrit dans ce contexte et a pour but d'évaluer l'implication des CPKs dans la régulation post-traductionnelle des canaux Shaker. Les mécanismes d'action de deux CPKs (CPK13 et CPK6) sur la sous-unité entrante KAT2 sont plus spécifiquement étudiés. La première partie du travail de thèse avait pour but de mettre en place le matériel nécessaire pour l'étude en réalisant les clonages, la production des protéines recombinantes et leur caractérisation et testant les premiers effets des CPKs sur l'activité des canaux en expression hétérologue. La seconde partie concerne l'étude du rôle de CPK13 dans la régulation stomatique via la sous-unité KAT2. Nous montrons que la sur-expression de CPK13 dans les lignées transgéniques induit, à court terme, un défaut dans l'ouverture stomatique et également, à long terme, un défaut dans la croissance de la plante. L'existence d'une interaction physique à la membrane plasmique entre CPK13 et KAT2 est montrée à l'aide de la technique de FRET-FLIM. et la phosphorylation de la sous-unité KAT2 par la protéine recombinante CPK13 est montrée in vitro à l'aide de puces à peptides. Enfin, il est montré par voltage-clamp en ovocyte de xénope que CPK13 inhibe l'activité de KAT2 de plus de 60%. Dans la dernière partie, nous présentons un ensemble de résultats qui suggèrent un rôle de CPK6 dans la tolérance au stress salin via son action sur KAT2. Il est en effet connu qu'en cas de stress salin, l'activité des canaux responsables de l'influx de potassium est stimulée, ce qui contribue au maintien d'un faible ratio Na+/K+ dans les cellules. Or, nous montrons un effet activateur de la CPK6 sur l'activité de KAT2, à l'aide de la technique de voltage-clamp. Nous montrons que l'expression du gène CPK6 est très augmentée en réponse à un stress salin et que ceci est concomitant avec le déclenchement d'une vague calcique en réponse à ce même stress. L'utilisation de lignées GUS a permis de vérifier que les patrons d'expression des gènes CPK6 et KAT2 sont identiques chez Arabidopsis thaliana. Enfin, nous montrons une interaction physique entre le canal KAT2 et la protéine CPK6 (FRET-FLIM) et la phosphorylation de KAT2 par CPK6 (puces à peptides)Post-translational regulation of potassium channels by CPKs (Calcium-dependent Protein Kinases) in Arabidopsis thaliana: a role in adaptive response to environmental stresses?Potassium Shaker channels are major pathways for K+ across plant cell plasma membrane. These channels are implicated in K+ absorption from soil and in its redistribution throughout the plant. They are more particularly implicated in stomatal movement and therefore are finely regulated. They can especially undergo post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation by protein kinases. The aim of this work is to determine the implication of CPKs (Ca2+-dependent Protein Kinases) in Shaker channel post-translational regulation. CPK13 and CPK6 molecular mechanisms of action on Shaker sub-unit KAT2 activity are specifically studied here. First part of this work consisted in cloning, producing and characterizing recombinant proteins and broad screening of CPK effects on Shaker channel activity, using heterologous expression. Second part focuses on the role of CPK13 in stomatal regulation through its effect on KAT2 activity. Over-expression of CPK13 in plant is shown to induce a defect of stomatal aperture and plant growth. KAT2 and CPK13 interaction at the plasma membrane is evidenced by using FRET-FLIM technique. KAT2 phosphorylation by CPK13 is checked on peptide arrays. Finally, a 60% decrease of KAT2 activity by CPK13 is shown using voltage-clamp on xenopus oocyte. Third and last part of this work suggests a role of CPK6 in salt stress resistance through KAT2 channel regulation. Inward potassium channels are indeed known to be activated upon salt stress to contribute keeping a low Na+/K+ ratio. Now, voltage-clamp technique demonstrates that KAT2 activity is increased by CPK6 and salt stress is shown to both increase CPK6 expression and elicit a calcium wave. Using GUS lines evidences KAT2 and CPK6 co-expression in Arabidopsis thaliana (in phloem and guard cells). Physical interaction between these two partners is shown by FRET-FLIM, and KAT2 phosphorylation by CPK13 gets strong support from peptide array assays
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Jaber, Ghaleb. "Le langage pascal/relationnel : un langage de programmation de bases de donnees." Toulouse 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU30222.
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Presentation du langage pascal/relationnel construit a partir de pascal par adjonction de constructions venant du domaine des bases de donnees ainsi que la conception et l'implantation du traducteur du langage. Les instructions relationnelles sont inspirees du calcul des predicats et permettent les operations classiques offertes par les systemes de gestion de bases de donnees relationnelles
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Nokele, Amanda. "Translation strategies and their impact on different audiences: A case study of A.C. Jordan's translation of Ingqumbo Yeminyanya (Jordan 1940) as the wrath of the ancestors (Jordan 1980)." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/1476.
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Student Number: 0111461R
Master of Arts in Translation
Faculty of HumanitiesThe Wrath of the Ancestors (Jordan, 1980) is a translation of a classic in Xhosa literature, Ingqumbo Yeminyanya written by the same author. The translation was written for the non-Xhosa speakers to make them aware and understand the culture of amaXhosa. This study then aims at analyzing how aspects of culture have been translated from the source text Ingqumbo Yeminyanya (1940) to the target text The Wrath of the Ancestors (1980). It also investigates the impact of Jordan’s approach on a wider audience. To accomplish this, a descriptive analysis of the strategies used by the translator is carried out. The responses of the selected audiences are also analysed. The analysis reveals that the translator used mainly foreignisation especially in the translation of fixed expressions and idioms, where he used cultural borrowing and calque as strategies. The conclusion drawn from this analysis is that in his attempt to draw his readers closer to the source text, the translator introduced a number of cultural bumps (Leppihalme, 1997), resulting in the target reader struggling to understand some of the cultural aspects in the novel.
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Руденко, Алевтина Олександрівна. "Способи перекладу реалій американського телесеріалу “Game of Thrones”." Магістерська робота, 2021. https://dspace.znu.edu.ua/jspui/handle/12345/6193.
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Руденко А. О. Способи перекладу реалій американського телесеріалу “Game of Thrones” : кваліфікаційна робота магістра спеціальності 035 «Філологія» / наук. керівник М. В. Маслова. Запоріжжя : ЗНУ, 2021. 79 с.EN : This work deals with the peculiarities of realia in the TV show “Game of Thrones” by George Martin and their translation into Ukrainian. The thesis looks at the methods of translating realias by the translator when working with fantasy genre works. The object of our study methods of translating national-specific realias. The subject of the study is the peculiarities of the reproduction of realias in the TV series "Game of Thrones". The purpose of this research is to study and analyze the basic methods of reproducting realias in the translation of a literary text related to the fantasy genre from English into Ukrainian. To achieve this goal we have formulated the following tasks: - clarify the linguistic status of realias; - develop a classification of realias relevant to this study; - to outline the characteristic features of the fantasy genre; - classify the realias of the series "Game of Thrones"; -discover ways to reproduce the realias in the translation of the series "Game of Thrones". Realia is objects or activities used to relate classroom teaching to the real life especially of peoples studied. Based on the classifications of S. Vlahov and S. Florin, an analysis of the translation of realias in the Ukrainian language was conducted. The vast majority of the realias of the series "Game of Thrones" were reproduced by calque (50%), there are cases of translation by transliteration (17%), semantic translation (17%), transcription (8%), half-calque (6%), descriptive (1%) and contextual translation (1%).
UA : Дипломна робота – 79 стор., 70 джерел Об’єкт дослідження - прийоми перекладу національно-специфічних реалій. Предмет дослідження - особливості передачі реалій в серіалі “Game of Thrones”. Мета дослідження - вивчення та аналіз основних прийомів передачі реалій при перекладі художнього тексту, що відноситься до жанру фентезі, з англійської мови на українську. Теоретико-методологічні засади: теоретичні засади вивчення реалій (роботи Є. М. Верещагіна, С. І. Влахова, С. П. Флоріна), система перекладацьких трансформацій (за науковим доробком Л. С. Бархударова, Я. Й. Рецкера та ін.). Отримані результати: На основі класифікацій С. Влахова та С. Флоріна був проведений аналіз передачі реалій українською мовою. Переважна більшість реалій серіалу “Game of Thrones” була передана шляхом калькування (50 %), трапляються випадки здійснення передачі за допомогою транслітерації (17 %), семантичного перекладу (17 %), транскрипції (8 %), напівкальки (6%), описового (1%) та контекстуального перекладу (1%).
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Білюк, Анастасія Сергіївна. "Особливості неологізмів англійської мови сфери екології, способи та прийоми їх перекладу." Магістерська робота, 2021. https://dspace.znu.edu.ua/jspui/handle/12345/5713.
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Білюк А. С. Особливості неологізмів англійської мови сфери екології, способи та прийоми їх перекладу : кваліфікаційна робота магістра спеціальності 035 «Філологія» / наук. керівник Ю. А. Зацний. Запоріжжя : ЗНУ, 2021. 55 с.EN : he presented paper is dedicated to the analysis of such a topical problem as the features of English neologisms in the field of ecology and methods of their translation. The object of the work is the neologisms of modern English in the field of ecology and environmental protection. The main aim of the paper is to identify the leading ways of creation and translation of neologisms into Ukrainian and to give their full analysis. The scientific novelty of the presented research lies in the investigation of the linguistic and sociolinguistic features of new lexical and phraseological units related to the field of ecology, in particular, ways of their formation, concentration around current environmental issues, and ways of translation. The most productive ways to create new words in the field of ecology are compounds and portmanteau, affixation and abbreviation. Among the semantic ways of creation - metaphorical transfer, narrowing and deterioration of meaning. In most cases, innovations still have no equivalent in the Ukrainian language. Calque translation is used to translate such neologisms. A significant advantage of this method is its conciseness and accuracy. Transcoding is also often used to translate eco-neologisms, especially for terms and names. The method of direct inclusion and approximate translation is much less common. Descriptive translation is the most common and simple, but a significant disadvantage of this method is its cumbersomeness and inconvenience in further use.
UA : Дипломна робота – 55 стор., 77 джерел Об’єкт дослідження: неологізми сучасної англійської мови, пов’язані зі сферою екології та захисту навколишнього середовища. Мета роботи: визначення основних способів та особливостей перекладу англомовних неологізмів сфери екології. Теоретико-методологічні засади: розробки щодо процесів збагачення словникового складу англійської мови (Зацний Ю. А., Заботкіна В. І., Гілерт П., Альгео Дж.), механізмів створення нових слів (Винокуров А. М., Івлева Г. Г., Каращук П. М.) та теорії перекладу (Комісаров В. Н., Виноградов В. С.). Отримані результати: найбільш продуктивними способами творення інновацій сфери екології є словоскладання та телескопія, афіксація та абревіація. Серед семантичних способів творення – метафоричне перенесення, звуження та погіршення значення. У більшості випадків новоутворення все ще не мають еквіваленту в українській мові. Для перекладу таких неологізмів частіше вживається калькування. Значна перевага цього методу у його лаконічності та влучності. Також для перекладу еконеологізмів часто використовують транскодування, особливо для термінів та назв. Набагато рідше зустрічається метод прямого включення та приблизного перекладу. Найбільш поширеним і простим є описовий переклад, однак значний недолік цього методу – його громіздкість і незручність у подальшому використанні.
Books on the topic "Calque translation"
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Cauchy's Calcul infinitésimal: A complete English translation. Walnut Creek, CA: Fairview Academic Press, 2012.
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Canning, Victor. La leggenda del Calice Cremisi.: Translation of The Crimson Chalice. Milan: Editrice Nord, 1990.
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Louis, Cauchy Augustin. A guide to Cauchy's calculus: A translation and analysis of Calcul infinit́́́́ésimal. Walnut Creek, CA: Fairview Academic Press, 2012.
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Erori de calcul: Poeți români în grai aromân. București: Editura Fundației Culturale Aromâne "Dimândarea Părintească", 2000.
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Jouad, Hassan. Le calcul inconscient de l'improvisation: Poésie berbère, rythme, nombre et sens. Paris: Peeters, 1995.
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Jouad, Hassan. Le calcul inconscient de l'improvisation: Poésie berbère, rythme, nombre et sens. Paris: Peeters, 1995.
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Prodi, Enrico Emanuele, and Stefano Vecchiato. ΦΑΙΔΙΜΟΣ ΕΚΤΩΡ Studi in onore di Willy Cingano per il suo 70° compleanno. Venice: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-548-3.
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The volume collects thirty-six essays honouring Ettore (‘Willy’) Cingano, Professor of Greek Language and Literature at Ca’ Foscari University of Venice. Current and former colleagues, students, and friends have contributed new studies on various aspects of Classical antiquity to celebrate his seventieth birthday. The work consists of seven main sections, mirroring and complementing Willy’s research interests. We start with the subjects to which Willy has contributed the most during his career, early Greek hexameter poetry (chapters 2-6: Calame, Coward, Currie, Meliadò, Sider) and lyric, broadly intended (chapters 7-15: Spelman, Cannatà Fera, Le Meur, Prodi, Tosi, Vecchiato, Hadjimichael, D’Alessio and Prauscello, de Kreij). Next come tragedy (Lomiento, Dorati), Hellenistic and later Greek poetry (Perale, Hunter, Bowie, Franceschini), historiographical and other Greek prose (Andolfi, De Vido, Gostoli, Cohen-Skalli, Kaczko), Latin poetry (Barchiesi, Garani, Mastandrea, Mondin), and finally linguistics and the history of scholarship, ancient and modern (Benuzzi, Cassio, Giangiulio, Guidorizzi, Tribulato). The volume is bookended by a collection of translations from medieval and modern Greek poetry (Carpinato) and a reflection on the dynamic aspect of the sublime (Schiesaro).
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Rowling, J. K. Harry Potter e il calice di fuoco: Romanzo. Milano: Salani Editore, 2001.
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Sgarbi, Romano. Tecnica dei calchi nella versione armena della [grammatikē technē (romanized form)] attribuita a Dionisio Trace. Milano: Istituto lombardo di scienze e lettere, 1990.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Calque translation"
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"Syntactic and lexical evidence of Greek influence in the Slavonic translation. Syntactic and lexical Graecisms; calques; textual affiliations of the translator's Greek original." In Josephus' Jewish War and its Slavonic Version, 43–47. BRILL, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004331143_009.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Calque translation"
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Setyaningsih, Retno Wulandari, and Puji Audina Lestari. "Singlish Turns Indonesian in Crazy Rich Asians: Lost in Translation." In GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2020. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2020.6-6.
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Crazy Rich Asians (2018) is a movie telling about Singaporean wealthy families, and in particular a love story between an heir and a commoner. Taking place in Singapore and Malaysia, this Hollywood movie includes Singaporean English (Singlish) in the dialogues so as to expose Asian identity. This study purports to illustrate Singlish utilized in Crazy Rich Asian (2018), and the strategies applied in subtitling the Singlish into Indonesian. This study is descriptive in nature, and scrutinizes the movie script while comparing the Singlish found with the Indonesian subtitles. Utilizing a Microstrategies theory proposed by Cintas and Remael (2007), this study maps subtitle strategies to reveal their impact on viewers. There are 86 Singlish words and phrases identified, and the subtitle strategies found are calque, transposition, explication, loan, omission, substitution, lexical recreation and compensation. The most frequently applied subtitle strategy applied is calque, which turns Singlish specific lexical and grammatical features into a set of formal Indonesian words and phrases. As a consequence, the translator can be considered successful in providing information about the movie story for Indonesian viewers. However, the translator fails to effectively introduce Singlish words and phrases as markers of Asian identity to Indonesian viewers.
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suzuki, kakeru. "Establishment of an in vitro translation system from rice callus extracts." In ASPB PLANT BIOLOGY 2020. USA: ASPB, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46678/pb.20.1052637.
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Galochkina, Tatiana. "Word formative structure of words with the root lěp- in Old Russian written records." In 6th International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences. Center for Open Access in Science, Belgrade, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32591/coas.e-conf.06.10121g.
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System of derivational morphology of the Old Russian language has its own characteristics based on the origin of the book vocabulary, which consisted mainly of Proto-Slavic words and calques from Greek words. The main morphological way of word formation was the heritage of the Proto-Slavic language, which developed together with the formation of morphemes as a language unit. Active derivation took place during the formation of the Old Russian book vocabulary. During this period an uninterrupted process began the creation of book translations from the Greek into Church Slavonic. The ancient scribes made extensive use of Greek words calquing, which especially intensified the creation of compound words. Compound words were formed according to the models of Greek composites, but using Russian morphemes. As a result of this process, the lexical fund of the literary language was created, which included words with the root *lěp-. Such words are contained in ancient Russian written records (“Life of St. Sava the Sanctified”, composed by St. Cyril Skifopolsky, “The Life of St. Andrew the Fool”, “The Chronicle” by John Malalas, “The Chronicle” by George Amartol, “History of the Jewish War” by Josephus Flavius, Christianopolis (Acts and Epistles of the Apostles), Uspensky Сollection of XII–XIII centuries etc.). In the article will be considered the word formative structure of words with the root lěp-.
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Galochkina, Tatiana. "Word formative structure of words with the root lěp- in Old Russian written records." In 6th International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences. Center for Open Access in Science, Belgrade, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32591/coas.e-conf.06.10121g.
Full textAbstract:
System of derivational morphology of the Old Russian language has its own characteristics based on the origin of the book vocabulary, which consisted mainly of Proto-Slavic words and calques from Greek words. The main morphological way of word formation was the heritage of the Proto-Slavic language, which developed together with the formation of morphemes as a language unit. Active derivation took place during the formation of the Old Russian book vocabulary. During this period an uninterrupted process began the creation of book translations from the Greek into Church Slavonic. The ancient scribes made extensive use of Greek words calquing, which especially intensified the creation of compound words. Compound words were formed according to the models of Greek composites, but using Russian morphemes. As a result of this process, the lexical fund of the literary language was created, which included words with the root *lěp-. Such words are contained in ancient Russian written records (“Life of St. Sava the Sanctified”, composed by St. Cyril Skifopolsky, “The Life of St. Andrew the Fool”, “The Chronicle” by John Malalas, “The Chronicle” by George Amartol, “History of the Jewish War” by Josephus Flavius, Christianopolis (Acts and Epistles of the Apostles), Uspensky Сollection of XII–XIII centuries etc.). In the article will be considered the word formative structure of words with the root lěp-.
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Апарцин, Константин, and Konstantin Apartsin. "The results of fundamental and translational research carried out In the Department of Biomedical Research and Technology of the SBRAS INC in 2012-2016." In Topical issues of translational medicine: a collection of articles dedicated to the 5th anniversary of the day The creation of a department for biomedical research and technology of the Irkutsk Scientific Center Siberian Branch of RAS. Москва: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/conferencearticle_58be81eca22ad.
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The results of basic and translational research of the Department of Biomedical Research and Technology of Irkutsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2012–2016 The paper presents the results of interdisciplinary research carried out in 2012–2016. The review includes the study of molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis of reparative regeneration, experimental substantiation of methods of diagnosis and prognosis of systemic disturbances of regeneration process, carrying out clinical trials of medicinal products and the formation of observational studies in the field of personalized medicine, the preparation of practical recommendations on the testing of previously developed surgical methods of prevention or correction of postoperative recovery disorders. New data are obtained on the role of the MAP-kinase cascade in the process of regeneration of muscle tissue. It has been established, that with a significant increase of VEGF concentration at the site of the repair of ischemic myocardium, progenitor cells with the CD34+CD45+ phenotype appear, which opens up prospects for the development of biotechnology to restore the damaged myocardium with its own pool of progenitor cells. The new data on the role of growth factors in the post-infarction remodeling are found. It has been revealed, that in local increase of selenium concentration low intensity of mineralization of forming callus in the area of the damage is observed and the formation of bone regeneration slows down. Prospects for the use of nanocomposites of elemental selenium for modulation of reparative response are marked. The dynamics of the level of free circulating mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of blood in the early stages of experimental dyslipidemia has been studied. Atherogenic blood factors do not have a significant effect on the release of the mtDNA from dyslipidemia target cells. On the model of acute small-focal myocardial ischemia, we revealed the increase in the mtDNA levels. Prospects of broadcast of diagnostic mtDNA monitoring technology in myocardial ischemia have been marked. The mtDNA monitoring was first tested as a molecular risk pattern in acute coronary syndrome. In survived patients, the concentration of freely circulating mtDNA in blood plasma was 164 times lower. The probability of death of the patient with a high level of mtDNA (over 4000 copies/mL) was 50 % (logit analysis). Methodological level of translational research in the ISC SB RAS has increased due to effective participation in international multi-center clinical trials of drugs, mainly direct anticoagulants: fondaparinux, edoksabana, betriksabana. “Feedback broadcast” of the results of clinical trials of p38-kinase inhibitor, was carried out in the process of changing the model (initially – neuropathic pain) for coronary atherosclerosis. Technologies of pharmacogenetic testing and personalized treatment of diseases in the employees of the Irkutsk Scientific Center were applied. Step T2. Previously developed at the Irkutsk State Medical University and the Irkutsk Scientific Center of Surgery and Traumatologies approaches to surgical prevention and medicinal correction of postoperative hyposplenism were translated into practical health care. Thus, these results obtained in different areas of translational medicine will determine scientific topics of the department in future research cycle.