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Lundgren, Elida. "Evaluating camera monitoring of breeding seabirds." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för biologisk grundutbildning, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-412458.
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This thesis was made in collaboration with the Baltic Seabird Project with the purpose of evaluating the possibilities of using cameras to monitor the fledging success of Common Guillemots on Stora Karlsö. Fledging success is measured from the time the egg is laid, hatched, until the chick is 15 days old and considered ready to leave the nest. Camera monitoring means that the breeding area where the birds reside is photographed at a predetermined interval to attempt to capture the offspring to determine its survival. The study was conducted on Stora Karlsö by installing cameras in the artificial breeding shelf, Auk Lab, and determine how well the method works. Whether the offspring can be caught on camera was the main question, with a secondary question addressing the differences from the traditional monitoring method which is done by daily controls by one person on site. The results show that camera monitoring can be a useful method. It is possible to observe the off-spring, but distance and angle are important factors affecting image quality. Power supply and the memory card size are important factors that decide whether time savings can be made compared to the traditional method. Further development of the routines for camera monitoring is necessary to create a reliable data collection<br>Studien gjordes i samarbete med Baltic Seabird Project med syftet att undersöka möjligheten att använda kameror för att övervaka häckningsframgång hos Sillgrissla på Stora Karlsö. Häckningsframgång definieras som tiden från att ägget läggs, kläcks, och ungen överlever i 15 dagar då den anses vara redo att lämna boet. Övervakning med kameror innebär att häckningsytan där fåglarna sitter fotograferas med ett bestämt tidsintervall för att försöka fånga avkomman på bild och därmed se att den har överlevt. Undersökningen har genomförts på Stora Karlsö genom att installera kameror i den konstgjorda häckningshyllan Auk Lab och bedöma hur väl metoden fungerar. Huruvida avkomman fångas på bild eller inte var den huvudsakliga frågeställningen, med en sekundär frågeställning som rör skillnaden mellan den traditionella insamlingsmetoden som genomförs genom att en person dagligen kontrollerar fåglarna. Resultaten visar att kameraövervakning kan vara en användbar metod, då det går att fånga avkomman på bild men avstånd och vinkel är några av de avgörande faktorerna för att framgångsrikt kunna observera avkomman. Strömtillförsel och minneskortets storlek är avgörande faktorer för att göra vinningar tidsmässigt jämfört med den traditionella metoden. Fortsatt utveckling av rutinerna för kameraövervakning är nödvändigt för att få en pålitlig datainsamling. 2
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Karim, Kh Nafis. "INTELLIGENT SYSTEM FOR MONITORING PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS USING CAMERA." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Inbyggda system, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-29834.
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Measuring physiological parameters or vital sign using camera has become popular in recent years. Contact-less monitoring and extraction of vital signs can be important source of information in situations like medical care system and safety control system. This paper presents the implementation of real-time, non-contact method for extraction of vital signs, heart rate in this case. A better face tracking method is used for efficient face detection. This study extends some of the previous works done and have a comparison study with several methods. The developed system used filtering with window over the green channel of the signal and then Converted to frequency domain to analyze the signal to detect heart rate. The developed system achieved high correlation and showed small error while referencing with actual heart signal from ECG. This method delivers better result in better light condition but gives fairly good result on lower light as well.
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Daly, Jonathan. "Video camera monitoring to detect changes in haemodynamics." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e84f2acf-f35c-4257-a4c3-209c5da9cbee.
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Patients in hospital can be prone to sudden, life-threatening changes in their cardiovascular state. Haemodynamic parameters such as blood pressure, pulse transit time (PTT) and perfusion can be monitored in clinical situations to identify these changes as early as possible. Continuous blood pressure is usually monitored using a catheter placed into a major artery, but this is invasive and involves risk to the patient. In the last decade, the field of non-contact vital sign monitoring has emerged, with growing evidence that the remote photoplethysmogram (rPPG) signal can be used to estimate vital signs using video cameras. If the analysis of the rPPG signal can be expanded to include the estimation of haemodynamic parameters, it could result in methods for the continuous, non-contact monitoring of a subject's haemodynamic state. In a physiology study, a series of video recordings were made of 43 healthy volunteers. The subjects sat in a purpose-built chamber, and the composition of the air was carefully adjusted to cause the subjects to experience large, controlled changes in blood oxygen levels. To validate the video camera algorithms, reference data were also collected. Along with the volunteer study, a clinical study was performed to acquire data in a challenging clinical environment. Data were collected from patients on haemodialysis in the Renal Unit, a population likely to experience sudden changes in haemodynamics. The reference data from the Renal Unit study were analysed to determine the extent to which PTT and mean arterial pressure (MAP) are related. The correlation coefficients and linear fits were found on a global and a per-subject basis. In addition, the video recordings from the Physiology study were processed to derive rPPG signals, and these signals were analysed to obtain estimates for PTT. Local rPPG signals were also derived for different regions of interest, and the waveforms were analysed using a novel application of the technique of signal averaging to produce spatial maps of perfusion and blood flow. The correlation between conventionally measured PTT and MAP was found to be weaker in the haemodialysis population than has been shown elsewhere in the literature, except for a sub-set of patients. The results of the video analysis showed that PTT could be estimated robustly and consistently, although direct validation of these estimates was not possible because of the different method used to calculate the reference PTT. For most subjects, the spatial mapping methods produced robust maps that were consistent over time. These results suggest that it is possible to detect changes in haemodynamics using a video camera, and that this could have applications in healthcare, providing that challenges such as subject movement and clinical validation can be overcome.
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Gang, Siqi. "Driver-Monitoring-Camera Based Threat Awareness for Collision Avoidance." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-263926.
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Since forward collision is one of the most common and dangerous types of traffic accidents, many studies and researches have been conducted to develop forward collision avoidance system. To facilitate the tradeoff between comfort and safety for forward collision avoidance, the driver's state needs to be monitored and estimated. Such support is necessary for Forward Collision Warning (FCW) system given human-involved control. Due to the advances of Driver Monitoring System (DMS), the demand for camera-based driver's state estimation has increased. This master thesis project, conducted at Zenuity AB, investigates a method to estimate driver's awareness based on DMS. The estimation of a driver's awareness is expected to help adapt FCW system based on visual attention when facing the unpredictable braking of the leading vehicle. The project consists of three tasks: gaze estimation, Gaze-to-Object Mapping (GTOM), and awareness estimation. A combined Kalman Filter was developed in gaze estimation for compensation of missing data and outliers and reducing the difference to “ground truth” data. The uncertainty matrix from gaze estimation was utilized to extract a gaze-to-object probability signal in GTOM, while the corresponding fixation duration was also obtained in GTOM. The two extracted new features were used in awareness estimation with two methods: Logistic Regression and two-Hidden Markov Model. The comparison between the two methods reveals whether a complex method is preferred or not. Based on the results of this project, Logistic Regression seems to perform better in driver's state estimation, with 92.0% accuracy and 76.3% True Negative rate. However, further research and improvements on the two-Hidden Markov Model are needed to reach a more comprehensive conclusion. The main contribution of this project is an investigation of an end-to-end method for driver's awareness estimation and thereby an identification of challenges for further studies.<br>Frontkollision (forward collision) är en av de vanligaste och farligaste typerna av trafikolyckor. Många studier och undersökningar har genomförts för att utveckla system för att undvika kollisioner. För att underlätta avvägningar mellan komfort och säkerhet för att undvika Frontkollision måste förarens tillstånd övervakas och skattas. Ett sådant stöd är nödvändigt för Forward Collision Warning (FCW) systemet, som involverar interaktion med människor. Efterfrågan på kamerabaserad uppskattning för föraren har ökat på grund av framsteg Driver Monitoring System (DMS). Det här examensarbete genomfördes på Zenuity AB och undersökte en metod för att skatta förarens medvetenhet baserad på Driver Monitoring System. Uppskattningen av förarens medvetenhet förväntas bidra till att anpassa FCW-systemet. Detta FCW-system är baserat på visuell uppmärksamhet om när oförutsägbar bromsning av det framförvarande fordonet sker. Examensarbetet består av tre uppgifter: blickuppskattning, Gaze-to-Object Mapping (GTOM), och medventenhetsuppskattning. Ett kombinerat Kalman-filter har utvecklats i gaze uppskattning för att kompensera saknade data och outliers samt reducera skillnaden till “ground truth” data. Osäkerhetesmatrisen från gaze uppskattningen användes för att extrahera en gaze-to-object sannolikhetssignal i GTOM. Den motsvarande fixeringsvaraktigheten erhålls också i GTOM. De två extraherade nya egenskaperna användes i medvetenhetsanalys med hjälp av två metoder: logistic regression och two-Hidden Markov Model. Jämförelsen mellan de två metoderna avslöjar om en komplex metod är att föredra eller inte. Resultatet av detta examensarbet visar att logistic regression fungerar bättre i förarens statusuppskattning med 92% noggrannhet och 76.3% True Negative rate. Vidare forskning och förbättringar av den two-hidden Markov modell behövs för att dra en mer omfattande slutsats. Det huvudsakliga bidraget av examensarbetet är en utforskning av en end-to-end metod för att uppskatta förarens medvetenhet och därmed kunna identifiera utmaningar för framtid studie.
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Tian, Yi. "Self-Powered Intelligent Traffic Monitoring Using IR Lidar and Camera." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/74949.
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This thesis presents a novel self-powered infrastructural traffic monitoring approach that estimates traffic information by combining three detection techniques. The traffic information can be obtained from the presented approach includes vehicle counts, speed estimation and vehicle classification based on size. Two categories of sensors are used including IR Lidar and IR camera. With the two sensors, three detection techniques are used: Time of Flight (ToF) based, vision based and Laser spot flow based. Each technique outputs observations about vehicle location at different time step. By fusing the three observations in the framework of Kalman filter, vehicle location is estimated, based on which other concerned traffic information including vehicle counts, speed and class is obtained. In this process, high reliability is achieved by combing the strength of each techniques. To achieve self-powering, a dynamic power management strategy is developed to reduce system total energy cost and optimize power supply in traffic monitoring based on traffic pattern recognition. The power manager attempts to adjust the power supply by reconfiguring system setup according to its estimation about current traffic condition. A system prototype has been built and multiple field experiments and simulations were conducted to demonstrate traffic monitoring accuracy and power reduction efficacy.<br>Master of Science
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Pozzi, Colakovic Emir. "Monitoring surface cleanliness of manufactured metal parts using camera technique." Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-232670.
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Technical surface cleanliness is a mandatory requirement for many production lines. It is part ofthe quality control process to ensure that the surfaces of the manufactured components are freeof contaminations and are ready for the next step in the production line. The project has takeninto account two different requirements related to the component cleanliness: first, thecleanliness is measured as the level of contamination on a sample and then, the particles sizes aredetermined. An important factor in the cleanliness is the presence of particles larger than acertain limit, called the critical particles, which have to be detected. This thesis is inspired from anissue SCANIA has (2018) in its production plant in Södertälje, Stockholm. SCANIA has a qualitycontrol system that analyzes the contamination level of few components through a timeconsuming process that takes hours and requires expensive microscopes, human intervention anda dedicated measurement room in the plant. The aim of this thesis is to investigate an alternativetechnical cleanliness monitoring method through the image analysis of the contaminationsamples. Through a simple digital camera, pictures from the contaminated samples are taken,processed and analyzed in order to obtain the cleanliness level and the particles size of thesamples. In contract to the current solution, the proposed method has the possibility of beingimplemented in the production line, providing larger sampling rate.<br>Teknisk ytrenhet är ett obligatoriskt krav för många produktionslinor. Det är en del avkvalitetsstyrningsprocessen för att säkerställa att ytorna på de tillverkade komponenterna är friafrån föroreningar och är redo för nästa steg i produktionslinan. Projektet har tagit hänsyn till tvåolika krav relaterade till komponents renhet: för det första mäts renheten som föroreningsnivå påett prov och sedan bestäms partikelstorlekarna. En viktig faktor vid renhetsbestämning ärnärvaron av partiklar som är större än en viss gräns, som kallas de kritiska partiklarna, som måstedetekteras. Avhandlingen är inspirerad av ett problem SCANIA har (2018) i sinproduktionsanläggning i Södertälje, Stockholm. SCANIA har ett kvalitetskontrollsystem somanalyserar föroreningsnivån av få komponenter genom en tidskrävande process vilken tar timmaroch kräver dyra mikroskop, mänskligt ingripande och ett dedikerat mätrum i anläggningen. Syftetmed denna avhandling är att undersöka en alternativ teknisk renhetsövervakningsmetod genombildanalys av förorenade proverna. Med en enkel digitalkamera tas bilder på de förorenadeproverna, bearbetas och analyseras för att uppnå renhetsnivån och partikelstorleken på proven. Iöverensstämmelse med den nuvarande lösningen finns det möjlighet att implementera denföreslagna metoden i produktionslinan, vilket ger större samplingsfrekvens.
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Elzagzoug, Ezzaldeen. "Chromatic monitoring of transformer oil condition using CCD camera technology." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2013. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/12233/.
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Power transformers are essential components within the power distribution system. Transformer failures having a high economic impact on the distribution operators and the industrial and domestic customers. Dielectric mineral oil is used in transformers for electrical insulation between live parts, cooling and protection of the insulation papers in the transformer. Oil contamination and changes in the chemical structure of the oil result in the decay of insulation paper and reduced insulation and cooling which can lead to a transformer failure. The general approach to oil monitoring has been for an operator to examine the colour index (ASTM) of the oil, electrical strength, acidity, water contents and dissolved gas analysis results and form an opinion as to the extent of oil degradation. Chromatic techniques enable data from di↵erent sources to be combined to give an overall evaluation about the condition of a system being monitored. One of the main goals for this work was to use chromatic techniques for integrating the oil data from the di↵erent sources and sensors. In addition the chromatic approach enables liquids to be monitored optically so a second aim was to apply chromatic optical oil monitoring using portable system by transmitting polychro- matic light through the oil sample, which is contained in a transparent cuvette and imaged using a mobile phone camera. A number of oil samples were optically analysed with portable chromatic sys- tem and the optical data was compared with the colour index and chromatically companied with the dissolved gas and other oil data to give overall evaluation of oil degradation. The chromatic optical result compared favourably with the colour index. It was also possible to classify the oil samples chromatically into categories of low, medium and high degradation. This enabled the chromatic data combination approach to be implemented as a prototype system in Matlab software that an operator could use to get a classification of an oil sample. Essential experiment was introduced to monitor di↵erent oil particles by obtaining the result of di↵erent filtered samples through the filter paper. Beside the ability to analyse data and distinguish between fresh and contam- inated oil samples the chromatic technique has the ability to track the history of di↵erent degraded oil samples which can give an indication about failure faults and it could give a prediction of any future faults. Therefore a commercially viable reliable system can be developed to extend the service life and extend the maintenance schedules. These monitoring systems could lead to extending the service life of the transformers, making the electricity supply more reliable and giving the consumer a better quality of life.
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Trumpp, Alexander, Johannes Lohr, Daniel Wedekind, et al. "Camera-based photoplethysmography in an intraoperative setting." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-234950.
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Background
Camera-based photoplethysmography (cbPPG) is a measurement technique which enables remote vital sign monitoring by using cameras. To obtain valid plethysmograms, proper regions of interest (ROIs) have to be selected in the video data. Most automated selection methods rely on specific spatial or temporal features limiting a broader application. In this work, we present a new method which overcomes those drawbacks and, therefore, allows cbPPG to be applied in an intraoperative environment.
Methods
We recorded 41 patients during surgery using an RGB and a near-infrared (NIR) camera. A Bayesian skin classifier was employed to detect suitable regions, and a level set segmentation approach to define and track ROIs based on spatial homogeneity.
Results
The results show stable and homogeneously illuminated ROIs. We further evaluated their quality with regards to extracted cbPPG signals. The green channel provided the best results where heart rates could be correctly estimated in 95.6% of cases. The NIR channel yielded the highest contribution in compensating false estimations.
Conclusions
The proposed method proved that cbPPG is applicable in intraoperative environments. It can be easily transferred to other settings regardless of which body site is considered.
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Freeman, Marianne Sarah. "Development of camera trap methodology in monitoring deer distribution and abundance." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.695342.
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Camera traps have taken off one of the most popular tools in ecology. This thesis aims to develop existing camera trap methodology in order to better assess the distribution and abundance of deer in the UK. Particular focus was made on the invasion history of muntjac to help elucidate their invasion pattern. The number of founding females was estimated to be 4 or 5 individuals. The effect of covariates on the camera detection zones were considered to help improve density estimates resulting from camera trap research. Flash type and individual passing speed proved to be two important covariates adding weight to the recommendation that camera detection zones should be survey specific and that activity patterns should be considered when determining detection zones. Eight deer population densities were estimated from across the UK using both thermal imaging distance sampling and random encounter model (REM) techniques. A higher density was found with the REM, thought the two methods appeared more comparable in open woodlands. A low quality thermal imagine camera may have bias the results, but this study also emphasises the need to ensure other parameters, such as daily travel distance are site specific and as accurate as possible. Muntjac sightings, within Northern Ireland, were collated and verified using a scoring system and survey combination. The REM was trialled in one site, finding a minimum population of 5 muntjac deer. This baseline result can be used in any future population monitoring. These verified sightings alongside others from Ireland were used to test a muntjac species distribution model with different sampling bias approaches. The random background model was the most parsimonious model suggesting, in this case, that the additional bias controlling techniques may not always be necessary.
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LO, COCO Eleonora. "Monitoring SO2 degassing on Stromboli using a permanent UV Camera network." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10447/427103.
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Rich, Lindsey N. "Monitoring and Conserving Wildlife Communities across Northern Botswana." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/82537.
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To develop effective conservation planning and mitigate biodiversity loss, standardized metrics for monitoring and assessing biodiversity are needed. This information is particularly vital in Botswana, where knowledge of many of the diverse wildlife populations is lacking. To address this knowledge gap, my dissertation research evaluated the distributions, densities, and ecology of the wildlife community in northern Botswana, with a focus on terrestrial carnivore species given their importance both ecologically and economically. My objectives were threefold: 1) estimate the distributions of the mammal community (n = 44 species) and evaluate community, group, and species-specific responses to anthropogenic and environmental variables, 2) test whether the presence of intraguild species or resource availability had a larger influence on the seasonal distributions of carnivore species, and 3) simultaneously estimate the population densities of 7 carnivore species. To accomplish these objectives, I completed a multi-year camera trap survey in a 1,154-km2 study area and analyzed the data using occupancy models (single and multi- species) and spatially explicit capture-recapture models. Estimates of species richness ranged from 8 to 27 unique species, species had a mean occurrence probability of 0.32 (95% credible interval = 0.21–0.45), and estimated densities ranged from 1.8 aardwolves (Proteles cristata) to 12.7 spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) per 100 km2. The occupancy and richness of terrestrial mammals was negatively associated with human disturbance and in general, positively associated with open grasslands/floodplains. Carnivore species, specifically, tended to have greater species richness and larger population densities in open habitats than in closed. I also found carnivore distributions were positively associated with the detection rate of intraguild competitors and predators, suggesting competitor/predator avoidance did not play a large role in shaping carnivore community structure. My research highlights the pivotal role protected areas and grasslands play in conserving wildlife populations in northern Botswana. Additionally, my research helps progress camera trap analyses from single to multi-species assessments. Broader application of this multi-species approach would likely result in a better understanding of wildlife and carnivore communities which in turn, may help inform management actions aimed at addressing the loss of wildlife populations globally.<br>Ph. D.
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Ware, Lezlee J. "Monitoring Visual Attention in Videotaped Interrogations: An Investigation of the Camera Perspective Bias." Ohio : Ohio University, 2006. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1162582536.
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Buga, Vlad, and Roysten Jason Dsouza. "In-process monitoring for Electron Beam Additive Manufacturing using an infrared camera system." Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-245064.
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Additive Manufacturing (AM) is being embraced at a rapid rate, mainly due to its advantages over conventional machining. These include the possibility to create parts with complex geometries, while minimizing waste. The exponential growth of the technology has brought about challenges in quality assurance, which has proved a key barrier to large scale adoption. Developing in-process monitoring techniques for AM is an ongoing challenge, and is still a long way off from the more established techniques developed for conventional machining. Previous research has brought about instances, where the technology has been implemented, with the focus on titanium alloys. This study aims to contribute to the research being carried out within in-process monitoring, and focusses on the Electron Beam Melting (EBM) process. The material being monitored is Inconel 625, to increase the scope of research to higher temperature ranges. The most suitable monitoring technology and vendor for the equipment, is narrowed down through a review of previous literature and market research. Experimental trials to analyze the performance of the monitoring technique with Inconel 625 are carried out. The extracted data is then analyzed using image processing, which gives interesting results with regards to temperature fluctuations over successive layers of the build. The events within the build process for a layer, show interesting deviations in temperature, which are mapped and presented as graphs. The after-rake event, shows a particularly large deviation, which is then attributed to differential heating of the metal powder during the rake phase. This observation is supported by noticing ‘cold-spots’ in extracted images of the build. The results are discussed, and future scope for the study is conveyed. The intention of this study is to provide a base for further research into in-process monitoring for higher temperature ranges and contribute to the development of real-time process monitoring for AM.<br>“Additive manufacturing” (AM) eller “friformsframställning” har snabbt ökat i omfattning, främst tack vare dess fördelar jämfört med konventionell bearbetning. Fördelarna inkluderar möjligheten att tillverka delar med komplexa geometrier medan slöseri minimeras. Den exponentiella tillväxten av tekniken har medfört utmaningar inom kvalitetssäkring, vilket har visat sig vara ett hinder för storskalig anpassning. Utveckling av processövervakningstekniker för AM är en pågående utmaning, och ligger efter i utveckling jämfört med de mer etablerade teknikerna som utvecklats för konventionell bearbetning. Tidigare forskning har visat fall där tekniken har implementerats med fokus på titanlegeringar. Denna studie syftar till att bidra till den forskning som genomförs inom processövervakning och fokuserar på EBM-processen (Electronic Beam Melting). Materialet som övervakas är Inconel 625, för att expandera forskningsområdet till högre temperaturområden. Den mest lämpliga övervakningstekniken och leverantör av utrustning väljs ut genom en gransking av tidigare litteratur och en marknadsundersökning. Experimentella försök för att analysera övervakningsteknikens prestanda med Inconel 625 utförs. De extraherade data analyseras sedan med bildbehandling, vilket ger intressanta resultat med avseende på temperaturfluktuationer över successiva lager av byggobjektet. Händelserna inom byggprocessen för ett lager visar intressanta avvikelser i temperatur, vilka kartläggs och presenteras som grafer. Tillståndet efter räfsning visar en särskilt stor avvikelse, som sedan tillskrivs differentialvärme av metallpulvret under räfsningsfasen. Denna observation stöds genom att notera "cold-spots" i extraherade bilder av byggobjektet. Resultaten diskuteras och vidare omfång för studien framförs. Avsikten med denna studie är att ta fram en grund för vidare forskning i processövervakning för högre temperaturområden och bidra till utvecklingen av realtidsprocessövervakning för AM.
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Colyn, Robin. "Optimising camera trap density and position to determine medium and large mammal species richness and occupancy on the Cape Peninsula, South Africa." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2433.
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Thesis (MTech (Nature Conservation))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016.<br>Largely due to anthropogenic causes, biodiversity and particularly species diversity is changing at an extraordinary rate, with declines in species abundance, community composition and extinction risk being of crucial concern. Monitoring of state variables of biodiversity such as species richness and occupancy are of significant importance in determining the severity of threats placed on species, populations and communities. As a non-invasive monitoring method camera traps are noted as being an effective, accurate and rapid means of compiling species richness estimates of medium to large terrestrial mammals. However, crucial elements of camera trap survey design are rarely empirically addressed, which has questioned the need for a standardised camera trapping protocol. Table Mountain National Park (TMNP) is a protected area that is under serious anthropogenic pressure through urban and peri-urban development. Although it is the last refuge for a number of large mammal species on the Cape Peninsula, current mammalian species richness knowledge within the TMNP are limited. Accurate and current species richness estimates are therefore needed within TMNP and more specifically the Cape of Good Hope (CoGH), which exclusively hosts a number of medium and large mammal species. The aims of this study were to optimise a camera survey protocol for the Peninsula region, with a focus on camera density, placement and survey duration that will enable accurate estimations of medium to large mammal species richness and occupancy.
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Sain, Mohit. "Portable Monitoring and Navigation Control System for Helping Visually Impaired People." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36869.
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Visual Aids for the blind people is an important subject. Apparently visually impaired individuals get impeded by certain hurdles in everyday life. This work proposes an indoor navigation system for visually impaired people. In particular, the goal of this study is to develop a robust, independent and portable aid to assist a user to navigate familiar as well as unfamiliar areas. The algorithm uses the data from Microsoft Xbox Kinect 360 which makes a 3D map of the indoor areas and detects the depth and estimates the relative distance and angle to an obstacle/human. To ensure the accuracy, Kinect tool is enabled with a colour camera to capture real-time details of surroundings which are then processed accordingly. Besides, the developed aid makes the user aware of environmental changes through a Bluetooth enabled headphones used as audio output device. The trials were conducted on six blindfolded volunteers who successfully navigated across various locations in the university campus such as classrooms, hallways, and stairs. Moreover, the user could also track a particular person through output generated from processed images. Hence, the work suggests a significant improvement for existing visual aids which may be very helpful in customisation as well as the adaptability of these devices.
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Williams, Kenton. "Digital Vertical Aerial Camera System for High-resolution Site Inspections in Conservation Easment Monitoring." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2005. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/WilliamsK2005.pdf.
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Mishra, Bhupesh K., Dhaval Thakker, S. Mazumdar, Sydney Simpson, and Daniel Neagu. "Using deep learning for IoT-enabled smart camera: a use case of flood monitoring." IEEE, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17181.
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Yes<br>In recent years, deep learning has been increasingly used for several applications such as object analysis, feature extraction and image classification. This paper explores the use of deep learning in a flood monitoring application in the context of an EC-funded project, Smart Cities and Open Data REuse (SCORE). IoT sensors for detecting blocked gullies and drainages are notoriously hard to build, hence we propose a novel technique to utilise deep learning for building an IoT-enabled smart camera to address this need. In our work, we apply deep leaning to classify drain blockage images to develop an effective image classification model for different severity of blockages. Using this model, an image can be analysed and classified in number of classes depending upon the context of the image. In building such model, we explored the use of filtering in terms of segmentation as one of the approaches to increase the accuracy of classification by concentrating only into the area of interest within the image. Segmentation is applied in data pre-processing stage in our application before the training. We used crowdsourced publicly available images to train and test our model. Our model with segmentation showed an improvement in the classification accuracy.<br>Research presented in this paper is funded by the European Commission Interreg project Smart Cities and Open Data REuse (SCORE).
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Ghanadian, Hamideh. "A Machine Learning Method to Improve Non-Contact Heart Rate Monitoring Using RGB Camera." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38563.
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Recording and monitoring vital signs is an essential aspect of home-based healthcare. Using contact sensors to record physiological signals can cause discomfort to patients, especially after prolonged use. Hence, remote physiological measurement approaches have attracted considerable attention as they do not require physical contact with the patient’s skin. Several studies proposed techniques to measure Heart Rate (HR) and Heart Rate Variability (HRV) by detecting the Blood Volume Pulse (BVP) from human facial video recordings while the subject is in a resting condition. In this thesis, we focus on the measurement of HR.
We adopt an algorithm that uses the Independent Component Analysis (ICA) to separate the source (physiological) signal from noise in the RGB channels of a facial video. We generalize existing methods to support subject movement during video recording. When a subject is moving, the face may be turned away from the camera. We utilize multiple cameras to enable the algorithm to monitor the vital sign continuously, even if the subject leaves the frame or turns away from a subset of the system’s cameras. Furthermore, we improve the accuracy of existing methods by implementing a light equalization scheme to reduce the effect of shadows and unequal facial light on the HR estimation, a machine learning method to select the most accurate channel outputted by the ICA module, and a regression technique to adjust the initial HR estimate. We systematically test our method on eleven subjects using four cameras. The proposed method decreases the RMSE by 27% compared to the state of the art in the rest condition. When the subject is in motion, the proposed method achieves a RMSE of 1.12 bpm using a single camera and RMSE of 0.96 bpm using multiple camera.
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Rossi, Rebecca K. "Evaluation of `Structure-from-Motion' from a Pole-Mounted Camera for Monitoring Geomorphic Change." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6924.
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Emerging "Structure-from-Motion" (SfM) photogrammetry techniques encourage faster, cheaper, and more accessible field methods for accurately reconstructing 3D topography. The SfM method consists of collecting sets of overlapping images of the ground surface with a point and shoot camera, and reconstructing surface topography from the images with developed software programs. This research develops and implements a SfM image acquisition method and post-processing workflow as a supplemental technique to the traditional total-station method to aid in monitoring sandbar change in Marble and Grand Canyons along the Colorado River in Arizona. Due to permitting in Grand Canyon National Park, a 4.9 m pole-mounted camera platform was used in this research to mimic the ground perspective of an aerial platform. This research presents an improved understanding of how the low-angle, pole-mounted camera platform affects image acquisition and ultimately 3D reconstructions of the surface topography. Models of ground surfaces always contain some degree of elevation error, or uncertainty. As such, elevation error models are needed to distinguish whether observed changes to topographic features (in this case sandbars) are real or simply due to elevation error. There are many ways to quantify multiple sources of elevation uncertainty, but in this study the sources of elevation uncertainty were considered to vary across the surface and were characterized accordingly. Especially in river environments with complex surface topography (e.g. steep cut banks), and roughness (e.g. vegetation), quantifying the spatially variable elevation uncertainty of the surface representation is critical for interpreting actual changes in surface topography over repeat surveys. This research: used the sandbar images collected in Marble and Grand Canyons with the pole-mounted camera platform to generate SfM, topographic models; calculated spatially variable surface uncertainty derived from slope and roughness using multiple statistical analyses; built an error model that was calibrated based upon the statistical analyses of the spatially variable surface uncertainty; Key findings of this research are: Densely vegetated topography results in high amounts of elevation uncertainty, and without additional information of the surface underlying the vegetation, the SfM tool is less operational in these areas; Bare, exposed topography with low to high slopes that are not covered in black shadows result in lower surface uncertainty, and are areas where SfM is an operational tool for studies of surface change. Complementing existing topographic sampling methods with more efficient and cost- effective SfM approaches will contribute to the understanding of changing responses of the topographic features. In addition, the development and implementation of SfM and corresponding amounts of elevation uncertainty for monitoring geomorphic change will provide a methodological foundation for extending the approach to other geomorphic systems world- wide.
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Afrifa-Yamoah, Ebenezer. "Imputation, modelling and optimal sampling design for digital camera data in recreational fisheries monitoring." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2021. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2387.
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Digital camera monitoring has evolved as an active application-oriented scheme to help address questions in areas such as fisheries, ecology, computer vision, artificial intelligence, and criminology. In recreational fisheries research, digital camera monitoring has become a viable option for probability-based survey methods, and is also used for corroborative and validation purposes. In comparison to onsite surveys (e.g. boat ramp surveys), digital cameras provide a cost-effective method of monitoring boating activity and fishing effort, including night-time fishing activities. However, there are challenges in the use of digital camera monitoring that need to be resolved. Notably, missing data problems and the cost of data interpretation are among the most pertinent. This study provides relevant statistical support to address these challenges of digital camera monitoring of boating effort, to improve its utility to enhance recreational fisheries management in Western Australia and elsewhere, with capacity to extend to other areas of application.
Digital cameras can provide continuous recordings of boating and other recreational fishing activities; however, interruptions of camera operations can lead to significant gaps within the data. To fill these gaps, some climatic and other temporal classification variables were considered as predictors of boating effort (defined as number of powerboat launches and retrievals). A generalized linear mixed effect model built on fully-conditional specification multiple imputation framework was considered to fill in the gaps in the camera dataset. Specifically, the zero-inflated Poisson model was found to satisfactorily impute plausible values for missing observations for varied durations of outages in the digital camera monitoring data of recreational boating effort.
Additional modelling options were explored to guide both short- and long-term forecasting of boating activity and to support management decisions in monitoring recreational fisheries. Autoregressive conditional Poisson (ACP) and integer-valued autoregressive (INAR) models were identified as useful time series models for predicting short-term behaviour of such data. In Western Australia, digital camera monitoring data that coincide with 12-month state-wide boat-based surveys (now conducted on a triennial basis) have been read but the periods between the surveys have not been read. A Bayesian regression framework was applied to describe the temporal distribution of recreational boating effort using climatic and temporally classified variables to help construct data for such missing periods. This can potentially provide a useful cost-saving alternative of obtaining continuous time series data on boating effort.
Finally, data from digital camera monitoring are often manually interpreted and the associated cost can be substantial, especially if multiple sites are involved. Empirical support for low-level monitoring schemes for digital camera has been provided. It was found that manual interpretation of camera footage for 40% of the days within a year can be deemed as an adequate level of sampling effort to obtain unbiased, precise and accurate estimates to meet broad management objectives. A well-balanced low-level monitoring scheme will ultimately reduce the cost of manual interpretation and produce unbiased estimates of recreational fishing indexes from digital camera surveys.
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Bergman, Lars. "Using Multicoloured Halftone Screens for Offset Print Quality Monitoring." Licentiate thesis, Linköping : Univ, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-5573.
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Gooley, Aaron Clinton. "RECOVERY OF THE EASTERN WOODRAT IN SOUTHERN ILLINOIS: DISTRIBUTION, DEMOGRAPHICS, AND NONINVASIVE MONITORING." OpenSIUC, 2019. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1694.
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Woodrats (Neotoma spp.) are imperiled in the north-central and north eastern United States. In Illinois, eastern woodrats (N. floridana) experienced range reductions and population bottlenecks over the past century. Hypothesized reasons for the decline of many woodrat populations that inhabit rock outcrops in the eastern United States include parasitism by raccoon roundworms (Baylisascaris procyonis), hard mast shortages, owl predation, and reductions in crevice availability for nest construction. During 2004-2005, the isolated remnant populations along the Mississippi bluffs in southwestern Illinois were genetically augmented with 47 eastern woodrats from Arkansas and Missouri resulting in 40% admixture within the largest population. In 2009, a strong windstorm created canopy gaps and woody debris throughout this area, potentially improving habitat for eastern woodrats. During 2003–2009, 422 eastern woodrats were reintroduced to 5 sites in the southeastern Illinois, and 172 eastern woodrats to 2 southern Illinois state parks during 2013–2014. These reintroductions are the only woodrat reintroductions to date with >50 individuals released per site. Most previous woodrat reintroduction attempts have released small numbers of individuals (10–15 per site and 10–54 total) and either failed to establish populations or required frequent management for populations to persist. My objectives were to (1) investigate the status of augmented eastern woodrat populations in southwestern Illinois, (2) evaluate the success of the southern Illinois reintroductions, (3) investigate whether eastern woodrats demographics within a reintroduced metapopulation could be predicted by factors underlying hypothesized reasons for woodrat declines, and (4) develop and evaluate noninvasive alternatives to live-trapping and sign surveys for monitoring woodrat populations.
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Yamagata, Seishi. "Effect of Video Camera-Based Remote Roadway Condition Monitoring on Snow Removal-Related Maintenance Operations." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4110.
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Remote monitoring through the use of cameras is widely utilized for traffic operation, but has not been utilized widely for roadway maintenance operations. The Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT) has implemented a new remote monitoring system, referred to as a Cloud-enabled Remote Video Streaming (CRVS) camera system for snow removal-related maintenance operations in the winter. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of the CRVS camera system in snow removal-related maintenance operations. This study was conducted in two parts: opinion surveys of maintenance station supervisors and an analysis on snow removal-related maintenance costs. The opinion surveys were performed in two methods: direct interviews and an online questionnaire. The responses to the opinion surveys mostly displayed positive reviews of the use of the CRVS cameras. On a scale of 1 (least effective) to 5 (most effective), the average overall effectiveness given by the station supervisors was 4.3 for both direct interviews and online questionnaire. On the online questionnaire, supervisors were asked to give an estimate of the reduction in expedition trips after having the CRVS camera installed. An expedition trip for this study was defined as a trip that was made to just check the roadways if snow-removal was necessary. The average of the responses received was calculated to be a 33 percent reduction in expedition trips. For the second part of this study, an analysis was performed on the snow removal-related maintenance cost data provided by UDOT to see if the installation of a CRVS camera had an effect in reducing expedition trips. Weather data of precipitation was also collected and analyzed; the analysis showed a close relation between precipitation patterns and patterns of snow removal-related maintenance costs of pairs of adjacent maintenance stations selected for analysis. This close relation in precipitation pattern and snow removal-related costs allowed a comparison of expedition cost of a maintenance station with a CRVS camera and a station without one. This expedition cost comparison was performed for 10 sets of maintenance stations within Utah. It was difficult to make any definitive inferences from the comparison of expedition costs over the years for which precipitation and expedition cost data were available; hence a statistical analysis was performed using the Mixed Model ANOVA. This analysis resulted in an average of 14 percent higher ratio of expedition costs at maintenance stations with a CRVS camera before the installation of the camera compared to the ratio of expedition costs after the installation of the camera. This difference was not proven to be statistically significant at the 95 percent confident level, but indicated that the installation of CRVS cameras was on the average helpful in reducing expedition costs and may be considered practically significant. It is recommended that more detailed and consistent maintenance cost records be prepared for accurate analysis of cost records for this type of study in the future.
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Abtahi, Shabnam. "Driver Drowsiness Monitoring Based on Yawning Detection." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23295.
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Driving while drowsy is a major cause behind road accidents, and exposes the driver to a much higher crash risk compared to driving while alert. Therefore, the use of assistive systems that monitor a driver’s level of vigilance and alert the fatigue driver can be significant in the prevention of accidents. This thesis introduces three different methods towards the detection of drivers’ drowsiness based on yawning measurement. All three approaches involve several steps, including the real time detection of the driver’s face, mouth and yawning. The last approach, which is the most accurate, is based on the Viola-Jones theory for face and mouth detection and the back projection theory for measuring both the rate and the amount of changes in the mouth for yawning detection. Test results demonstrate that the proposed system can efficiently measure the aforementioned parameters and detect the yawning state as a sign of a driver’s drowsiness.
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Ryan, David Andrew. "Crowd monitoring using computer vision." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/65652/1/David_Ryan_Thesis.pdf.
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Novel computer vision techniques have been developed for automatic monitoring of crowed environments such as airports, railway stations and shopping malls. Using video feeds from multiple cameras, the techniques enable crowd counting, crowd flow monitoring, queue monitoring and abnormal event detection. The outcome of the research is useful for surveillance applications and for obtaining operational metrics to improve business efficiency.
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Roellinghoff, Frauke. "Design and implementation of a prompt-gamma camera for real-time monitoring of ion beam therapy." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAL0024.
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La protonthérapie est une technique prometteuse pour le traitement du cancer, qui se répend de plus en plus. Le pic prononcé de son profil de dose ainsi que la longueur finie du parcours des particules rendent possible un traitement plus ciblé et permettent de mieux éviter d’endommager des tissus sains. Cependant, la précision de l’irradiation s’avère également être le risque principal lors de l’utilisation de cette technique. En effet, une erreur dans la profondeur de pénétration des particules pourrait engendrer des dégâts considérables. A l’heure actuelle, aucune méthode de contrôle n’est systématiquement utilisée pour s’assurer de la qualité du traitement. Dans ce manuscrit, une méthode indirecte de mesure de la distribution de dose, basé sur la détection de gammas prompts émis le long du parcours du faisceau, est étudiée. Deux concepts de caméra collimatée uni-dimensionnelle sont comparés à l’aune de leur utilisation potentielle : une caméra à fentes parallèles et une caméra “knife-edge”. Les deux systèmes sont optimisés par simulations de Monte Carlo et des mesures sont présentés pour valider ces simulations. La comparaison se base sur la précision avec laquelle un décalage dans la chute du profil prompt gamma peut être détecté, la résolution spatiale, le coût et la taille du système. Des recommandations sont émises pour le choix de la meilleure configuration, selon différentes exigeances. Des résultats similaires sont obtenus pour les deux concepts, atteignant une précision de environ 2 mm pour un seul point de “pencil beam” correspondant à 5e7 protons. L’étude se conclue par un tour d’horizon des pistes de recherche futures qui permettraient d’utiliser un système de détection de gammas prompts dans un contexte clinique futur<br>Protontherapy is a promising technique for tumor treatment that is becoming more and more widespread. The sharply peaked profile of the dose and the finite particle range allow for very conformal treatment and better sparing of healthy tissue beyond the tumor, but he precise delivery also proves to be the biggest challenge of the technique. Errors in range are a considerable risk in proton therapy and no range monitoring method is currently systematically used for quality control. In this manuscript, an indirect method of measuring the dose distribution, via the detection of secondary prompt gamma radiation emitted along the beam path, is explored. Two different one-dimensional collimated camera concepts, a multi-parallel-slit camera and a knife-edge slit camera are compared with regards to their potential use. Both systems are optimized via Monte Carlo simulation and measurements are presented for validation. The comparison is made on the basis of the precision with which a shift in the prompt gamma profile falloff edge can be retrieved by comparison with a reference profile as well as the spatial resolution, the cost, weight and bulkiness of the system and guidelines are given for choosing the best configuration for different requirements. Similar values can be obtained for both concepts, reaching a precision for the retrieval of the falloff edge of around 2 mm for a single pencil beam spot of 5×107 protons. This study concludes with an outlook on future developments and areas of investigation with the goal of reaching clinical applicability of a prompt gamma detection system
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Dovgalecs, Vladislavs. "Indoor location estimation using a wearable camera with application to the monitoring of persons at home." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14384/document.
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L’indexation par le contenu de lifelogs issus de capteurs portées a émergé comme un enjeu à forte valeur ajoutée permettant l’exploitation de ces nouveaux types de donnés. Rendu plus accessible par la récente disponibilité de dispositifs miniaturisés d’enregistrement, les besoins pour l’extraction automatique d’informations pertinents générées par autres applications, la localisation en environnement intérieur est un problème difficile à l’analyse de telles données.Beaucoup des solutions existantes pour la localisation fonctionnent insuffisamment bien ou nécessitent une intervention important à l’intérieur de bâtiment. Dans cette thèse, nous abordons le problème de la localisation topologique à partir de séquences vidéo issues d’une camera portée en utilisant une approche purement visuelle. Ce travail complète d’extraction des descripteurs visuels de bas niveaux jusqu’à l’estimation finale de la localisation à l’aide d’algorithmes automatiques.Dans ce cadre, les contributions principales de ce travail ont été faites pour l’exploitation efficace des informations apportées par descripteurs visuels multiples, par les images non étiquetées et par la continuité temporelle de la vidéo. Ainsi, la fusion précoce et la fusion tardive des données visuelles ont été examinées et l’avantage apporté par la complémentarité des descripteurs visuels a été mis en évidence sur le problème de la localisation. En raison de difficulté à obtenir des données étiquetées en quantités suffisantes, l’ensemble des données a été exploité ; d’une part les approches de réduction de dimensionnalité non-linéaire ont été appliquées, afin d’améliorer la taille des données à traiter et la complexité associée ; d’autre part des approches semi-supervisés ont été étudiées pour utiliser l’information supplémentaire apportée par les images non étiquetées lors de la classification. Ces éléments ont été analysé séparément et on été mis en œuvre ensemble sous la forme d’une nouvelle méthode par co-apprentissage temporelle. Finalement nous avons également exploré la question de l’invariance des descripteurs, en proposant l’utilisation d’un apprentissage invariant à la transformation spatiale, comme un autre réponse possible un manque de données annotées et à la variabilité visuelle.Ces méthodes ont été évaluées sur des séquences vidéo en environnement contrôlé accessibles publiquement pour évaluer le gain spécifique de chaque contribution. Ce travail a également été appliqué dans le cadre du projet IMMED, qui concerne l’observation et l’indexation d’activités de la vie quotidienne dans un objectif d’aide au diagnostic médical, à l’aide d’une caméra vidéo portée. Nous avons ainsi pu mettre en œuvre le dispositif d’acquisition vidéo portée, et montrer le potentiel de notre approche pour l’estimation de la localisation topologique sur un corpus présentant des conditions difficiles représentatives des données réelles<br>Visual lifelog indexing by content has emerged as a high reward application. Enabled by the recent availability of miniaturized recording devices, the demand for automatic extraction of relevant information from wearable sensors generated content has grown. Among many other applications, indoor localization is one challenging problem to be addressed.Many standard solutions perform unreliably in indoors conditions or require significant intervention. In this thesis we address from the perspective of wearable video camera sensors using an image-based approach. The key contribution of this work is the development and the study of a location estimation system composed of diverse modules, which perform tasks ranging from low-level visual information extraction to final topological location estimation with the aid of automatic indexing algorithms. Within this framework, important contributions have been made by efficiently leveraging information brought by multiple visual features, unlabeled image data and the temporal continuity of the video.Early and late data fusion were considered, and shown to take advantage of the complementarities of multiple visual features describing the images. Due to the difficulty in obtaining annotated data in our context, semi-supervised approaches were investigated, to use unlabeled data as additional source of information, both for non-linear data-adaptive dimensionality reduction, and for improving classification. Herein we have developed a time-aware co-training approach that combines late data-fusion with the semi-supervised exploitation of both unlabeled data and time information. Finally, we have proposed to apply transformation invariant learning to adapt non-invariant descriptors to our localization framework.The methods have been tested on controlled publically available datasets to evaluate the gain of each contribution. This work has also been applied to the IMMED project, dealing with activity recognition and monitoring of the daily living using a wearable camera. In this context, the developed framework has been used to estimate localization on the real world IMMED project video corpus, which showed the potential of the approaches in such challenging conditions
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Hassan, Hosseini Hourieh. "Vehicle-to-Infrastructure connected smart cameras for intersection monitoring: concept study." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
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Infrastructure can obtain and share information about crashes, traffic jams, sharp curves and recommended speed. We can also dynamically change recommended speed based on weather or hazardous conditions. When mentioning something that is smart, by any means, it should have some specific features different from the ordinary monitoring. To take advantage of the full benefit of connected and automated vehicles, we need the infrastructure to be outfitted and that eventually confirms there is no smart city without smart camera.
The whole concept of this thesis exercise is about connection between the smart camera that is in infrastructure and the vehicles on the road. This thesis exercise was developed in FEV Italia s.r.l company which is internationally recognized and a leader in vehicle systems. The exercise has been performed in Green Research Mobility Laboratory. We worked on the concept study to make connection between smart camera for the purpose of intersection monitoring and our vehicle to receive warning messages to prevent collision. We worked with two different V2X standards to send warning messages to the vehicles.
Final section of this thesis exercise is developed with MATLAB interface to detect the time that these two vehicles will collide and the time that the camera will detect the second vehicle and subsequently sends the warning message to the first vehicle. Then we calculated the maximum latency to find out which standard fits best in our purpose with lesser delay. The proven and result in this thesis will be implemented by FEV company.
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Larsson, Carl, and Martin Magnusson. "Problem prevention using the DCOV approach : A case study on a camera monitoring system at Volvo Cars." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-74807.
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The Swedish car manufacturer, Volvo Cars, are a pioneer in the automotive industry regarding vehicle safety. Ever since they invented the three-point seat belt, the safety aspect has been their main priority. Today, a car is equipped with new technology and is highly dependent on software solutions. This implies that software features are used to increase the safety of the car. The level of uncertainty increases with the new features, which highlights the importance of creating a robust product to avoid potential problems. During the last decade, the DCOV approach (Define – Characterize – Optimize – Verify) evolved to create a product that is insensitive to variation and appreciated by the customers. Volvo Cars are currently developing a camera monitoring system (CMS) that is supposed to replace the conventional rear-view mirror with an exterior camera and an interior display. The purpose of this master’s thesis is to develop a robust design for the CMS that satisfies the customers. By using the DCOV approach, the aim is to identify potential risks and failure modes to avoid hardware and software related problems, and at the same time, develop a product that is based on the voice of the customer. This thesis demonstrates the problems with the conventional mirrors and the parking assistance cameras, which are associated with the folding function, the mirror adjustment, and the wide-angle module. The analysis of customer surveys indicates that blind spot indicators are appreciated by the customers while the mirror size is a critical factor. The mirrors need to be large enough to provide a good rear-view visibility, but small enough to maintain good forward visibility. A parameter diagram, robustness checklist and a system failure mode and effect analysis (S-FMEA) were conducted to identify risks, noise factors and failure modes with the CMS. It resulted in 44 failure modes where six of them were considered as critical, which means a high level of severity or frequent occurrence. The six critical failure modes were identified at the S-FMEA meetings with the business units Manufacturing, Display systems, Electromagnetic compatibility and CMS camera. Three business units were software related, which shows the difficulties with the transition from a hardware related rear-view mirror to the CMS. The recommendations for Volvo Cars are divided into two categories, where the first is associated with the CMS and should be seen as a continuation of this thesis. Volvo Cars should complete the S-FMEA and the included actions. By conducting the recommendations for the CMS, it will be properly tested to resist noise factors and manage potential variation. The long-term recommendations are proposals for future actions, which include a CMS for the inner mirror and investigate BLIS options. If the recommendations are considered, it will increase the possibility of creating a robust design, based on the voice of the customer. The result of this study highlights the power of the DCOV approach, as it clearly shows that it is possible to reduce the warranty costs. If the folding function is excluded, and the CMS software becomes easy to update, the warranty costs could be reduced by SEK 5 million.
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Nayyerloo, Mostafa. "Real-time Structural Health Monitoring of Nonlinear Hysteretic Structures." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6581.
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The great social and economic impact of earthquakes has made necessary the development of novel structural health monitoring (SHM) solutions for increasing the level of structural safety and assessment. SHM is the process of comparing the current state of a structure’s condition relative to a healthy baseline state to detect the existence, location, and degree of likely damage during or after a damaging input, such as an earthquake. Many SHM algorithms have been proposed in the literature. However, a large majority of these algorithms cannot be implemented in real time. Therefore, their results would not be available during or immediately after a major event for urgent post-event response and decision making. Further, these off-line techniques are not capable of providing the input information required for structural control systems for damage mitigation. The small number of real-time SHM (RT-SHM) methods proposed in the past, resolve these issues. However, these approaches have significant computational complexity and typically do not manage nonlinear cases directly associated with relevant damage metrics. Finally, many available SHM methods require full structural response measurement, including velocities and displacements, which are typically difficult to measure. All these issues make implementation of many existing SHM algorithms very difficult if not impossible.
This thesis proposes simpler, more suitable algorithms utilising a nonlinear Bouc-Wen hysteretic baseline model for RT-SHM of a large class of nonlinear hysteretic structures. The RT-SHM algorithms are devised so that they can accommodate different levels of the availability of design data or measured structural responses, and therefore, are applicable to both existing and new structures. The second focus of the thesis is on developing a high-speed, high-resolution, seismic structural displacement measurement sensor to enable these methods and many other SHM approaches by using line-scan cameras as a low-cost and powerful means of measuring structural displacements at high sampling rates and high resolution. Overall, the results presented are thus significant steps towards developing smart, damage-free structures and providing more reliable information for post-event decision making.
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Mangus, Devin. "Developing thermal infrared imaging systems for monitoring spatial crop temperatures for precision agriculture applications." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35241.
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Master of Science<br>Department of Biological & Agricultural Engineering<br>Ajay Sharda<br>Precise water application conserves resources, reduces costs, and optimizes plant
performance and quality. Existing irrigation scheduling utilizes single, localized measurements
that do not account for spatial crop water need; but, quick, single-point sensors are impractical for
measuring discrete variations across large coverage areas. Thermography is an alternate approach
for measuring spatial temperatures to quantify crop health. However, agricultural studies using
thermography are limited due to previous camera expense, unfamiliar use and calibration, software
for image acquisition and high-throughput processing specifically designed for thermal imagery
mapping and monitoring spatial crop water need. Recent advancements in thermal detectors and
sensing platforms have allowed uncooled thermal infrared (TIR) cameras to become suited for
crop sensing.
Therefore, a small, lightweight thermal infrared imaging system (TIRIS) was developed
capable of radiometric temperature measurements. One-time (OT) and real-time (RT) radiometric
calibrations methods were developed and validated for repeatable, temperature measurements
while compensating for strict environmental conditions within a climate chamber. The Tamarisk®
320 and 640 analog output yielded a measurement accuracy of ±0.82°C or 0.62ºC with OT and RT
radiometric calibration, respectively. The Tamarisk® 320 digital output yielded a measurement
accuracy of ±0.43 or 0.29ºC with OT and RT radiometric calibration, respectively. Similarly, the
FLIR® Tau 2 analog output yielded a measurement accuracy of ±0.87 or 0.63ºC with OT and RT
radiometric calibration, respectively.
A TIRIS was then built for high-throughput image capture, correction, and processing and
RT environmental compensation for monitoring crop water stress within a greenhouse and
temperature mapping aboard a small unmanned aerial systems (sUAS). The greenhouse TIRIS was
evaluated by extracting plant temperatures for monitoring full-season crop water stress index
(CWSI) measurements. Canopy temperatures demonstrated that CWSI explained 82% of the soil
moisture variation. Similarly, validation aboard a sUAS provided radiometric thermal maps with
a ±1.38°C (α=0.05) measurement accuracy. Due to the TIR cameras’ performance aboard sUAS
and greenhouse platforms, a TIRIS provides unparalleled spatial coverage and measurement
accuracy capable of monitoring subtle crop stress indicators. Further studies need to be conducted
to produce spatial crop water stress maps at scales necessary for variable rate irrigation systems.
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Vorajee, Naadir M. "The investigation of an inexpensive infra-red camera based building monitoring system for the aid of efficient building development." Master's thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31298.
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As the world is moving toward a greener, more sustainable future, the use of HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air-conditioning) systems are detrimental toward providing more efficient structures. Current UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) used for surveying purpose are highly priced, with costs ranging upwards of R25 000. In this project, we propose a possible cost effective solution, with a budget of R10 000, that can be used in order to accurately survey a building for cracks and thermal inefficiencies within the envelope of the building. The project proposes a low cost Thermal camera to be used for the surveying as well as a validation of thermal camera for temperature reading. The project also proposes a low cost drone to be used for the possible prototype. The project follows a typical engineering design approach, specifically via the use of a V-model for the thermal camera used for image processing. After the constraints and requirements were defined, the engineering design commenced with a careful selection of both the IR camera and drone to be used for the possible prototype. Thereafter, experiments were set up to validate the use of the drone and IR camera as a viable option as a tool for building envelope surveyance. There were 6 experiments that were recorded during the process of this project. Firstly as statistical validation occurred through four tests whereby the thermal camera was validated with a mercury thermometer for temperature measurement. The second experiment was focused on the capability of the thermal camera to detect anomalies in a structure. This experiment made use of 3 holes of varying size drilled into a ceramic material with a heat source behind. Thermal images were then taken at various distances and then processed accordingly. The third experiment was focused on the ability to detect the area of the anomaly given a known distance from the thermal camera to the anomaly. The experiment followed the same set-up as described in the second experiment, however instead of 3 holes of varying size, only one hole was used. The fourth experiment looked at the building envelope and was focused on developing an algorithm to calculate the weighted average of the temperature of the structure rather than using the given structure temperature at a single point. In addition, the experiment qualitatively showed a difference between new and older insulation types. The fifth experiment focused on the development of an algorithm that would result in automatic image segmentation. The sixth experiment focused on the low cost drone and its ability to be used to survey a building. All experiments were successfully carried out. The thermal camera was validated as a reliable source for temperature measurement and could be used to detect anomalies as small as 3mm in diameter from a distance of 750mm from the target. In addition, an algorithm was developed that could be used to automatically tell the user the area of the anomaly with a 95% accuracy in certain cases. An algorithm was also developed to indicate the weighted mean temperature of an area of a building envelope. Lastly, the drone was successfully used to survey a building via the use of a developed protocol.
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Moissl, Richard. "Morphology and dynamics of the Venus atmosphere at the cloud top level as observed by the Venus monitoring camera." Katlenburg-Lindau Copernicus Publ.***5004719, 2008. http://d-nb.info/990118193/04.
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Ware, Lezlee J. "The Highs and Lows of Visual Salience and Status:Influential Factors in Source Monitoring Decisions." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1242239270.
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Szczepanski, Michał. "Online stereo camera calibration on embedded systems." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAC095.
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Cette thèse décrit une approche de calibration en ligne des caméras stéréo pour des systèmes embarqués. Le manuscrit introduit une nouvelle mesure de la qualité du service de cette fonctionnalité dans les systèmes cyber physiques. Ainsi, le suivi et le calcul des paramètres internes du capteur (requis pour de nombreuses tâches de vision par ordinateur) est réalisé dynamiquement. La méthode permet à la fois d'augmenter la sécurité et d'améliorer les performances des systèmes utilisant des caméras stéréo. Elle prolonge la durée de vie des appareils grâce à cette procédure d'auto-réparation, et peut accroître l'autonomie. Des systèmes tels que les robots mobiles ou les lunettes intelligentes en particulier peuvent directement bénéficier de cette technique.La caméra stéréo est un capteur capable de fournir un large spectre de données. Au préalable, le capteur doit être calibré extrinsèquement, c'est à dire que les positions relatives des deux caméras doivent être déterminées. Cependant, cette calibration extrinsèque peut varier au cours du temps à cause d'interactions avec l'environnement extérieur par exemple (chocs, vibrations...). Ainsi, une opération de recalibration permet de corriger ces effets. En effet, des données mal comprises peuvent entraîner des erreurs et le mauvais fonctionnement des applications. Afin de contrer un tel scénario, le système doit disposer d'un mécanisme interne, la qualité des services, pour décider si les paramètres actuels sont corrects et/ou en calculer des nouveaux, si nécessaire. L'approche proposée dans cette thèse est une méthode d'auto-calibration basée sur l'utilisation de données issues uniquement de la scène observée (sans modèles contrôlés). Tout d'abord, nous considérons la calibration comme un processus système s'exécutant en arrière-plan devant fonctionner en continu et en temps réel. Cette calibration interne n'est pas la tâche principale du système, mais la procédure sur laquelle s'appuient les applications de haut niveau. Pour cette raison, les contraintes systèmes limitent considérablement l'algorithme en termes de complexité, de mémoire et de temps. La méthode de calibration proposée nécessite peu de ressources et utilise des données standards provenant d'applications de vision par ordinateur, de sorte qu'elle est masquée à l'intérieur du pipeline applicatif. Dans ce manuscrit, de nombreuses discussions sont consacrées aux sujets liés à la calibration de caméras en ligne pour des systèmes embarqués, tels que des problématiques sur l'extraction de points d'intérêts robustes et au calcul du facteur d'échelle, les aspects d’implémentation matérielle, les applications de haut niveau nécessitant cette approche, etc.Enfin, cette thèse décrit et explique une méthodologie pour la constitution d'un nouveau type d'ensemble de données, permettant de représenter un changement de position d'une caméra,pour valider l’approche. Le manuscrit explique également les différents environnements de travail utilisés dans la réalisation des jeux de données et la procédure de calibration de la caméra. De plus, il présente un premier prototype de casque intelligent, sur lequel s’exécute dynamiquement le service d’auto-calibration proposé. Enfin, une caractérisation en temps réel sur un processeur embarqué ARM Cortex A7 est réalisée<br>This thesis describes an approach for online calibration of stereo cameras on embeddedsystems. It introduces a new functionality for cyber physical systems by measuring the qualityof service of the calibration. Thus, the manuscript proposes a dynamic monitoring andcalculation of the internal sensor parameters required for many computer vision tasks. Themethod improves both security and system efficiency using stereo cameras. It prolongs the lifeof the devices thanks to this self-repair capability, which increases autonomy. Systems such asmobile robots or smart glasses in particular can directly benefit from this technique.The stereo camera is a sensor capable of providing a wide spectrum of data. Beforehand, thissensor must be extrinsically calibrated, i.e. the relative positions of the two cameras must bedetermined.. However, camera extrinsic calibration can change over time due to interactionswith the external environment for example (shocks, vibrations...). Thus, a recalibrationoperation allow correcting these effects. Indeed, misunderstood data can lead to errors andmalfunction of applications. In order to counter such a scenario, the system must have aninternal mechanism, a quality of service, to decide whether the current parameters are correctand/or calculate new ones, if necessary.The approach proposed in this thesis is a self-calibration method based on the use of data coming only from the observed scene, without controlled models. First of all, we consider calibration as a system process running in the background and having to run continuously in real time. This internal calibration is not the main task of the system, but the procedure on which high-level applications rely. For this reason, system constraints severely limit the algorithm in terms of complexity, memory and time. The proposed calibration method requires few resources and uses standard data from computer vision applications, so it is hidden within the application pipeline. In this manuscript, we present many discussions to topics related to the online stereocalibration on embedded systems, such as problems on the extraction of robust points ofinterest, the calculation of the scale factor, hardware implementation aspects, high-levelapplications requiring this approach, etc. Finally, this thesis describes and explains amethodology for the building of a new type of dataset to represent the change of the cameraposition to validate the approach. The manuscript also explains the different workenvironments used in the realization of the datasets and the camera calibration procedure. Inaddition, it presents the first prototype of a smart helmet, on which the proposed self-calibration service is dynamically executed. Finally, this thesis characterizes the real-timecalibration on an embedded ARM Cortex A7 processor
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Langkau, Manuel [Verfasser], Jost [Gutachter] Borcherding, and Hartmut [Gutachter] Arndt. "Echoes in motion: An acoustic camera (DIDSON) as a monitoring tool in applied freshwater ecology / Manuel Langkau ; Gutachter: Jost Borcherding, Hartmut Arndt." Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1161531726/34.
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Froude, Melanie. "Lahar dynamics in the Belham river valley, Montserrat : application of remote-camera based monitoring for improved sedimentological interpretation of post-event deposits." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2015. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/53421/.
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Asselin, Matthew. "Optical Sensor for Measurement of Clad Height during Laser Cladding Process." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/874.
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The process of laser cladding consists of depositing successive layers of molten metallic powder to create a near-net shape. A high-power laser is used to melt incoming metallic powder, which forms a melt pool on the surface. As the latter moves beneath the laser, this newly created melt pool solidifies. By properly controlling the trajectory of deposition tracks, one can create a diverse range of shapes with varying complexities. However, the process is very sensitive to parameters, requiring constant attention from technicians. This lends itself perfectly to the addition of automatic controllers whereby supervision is minimal. <br /><br /> In this thesis, an optical sensor is developed to monitor the process zone. The sensor will output a measurement of the height of solidified clad, which in turn can be used by a controller to adjust this geometrical feature. The thesis is divided into three main parts, each contributing to the final algorithm. <br /><br /> First, in Chapter 3 an analysis is performed on the light irradiating from the interaction zone (or melt pool). It is stated that the dominating source of light is governed by blackbody radiation from this molten metal. This is confirmed by analyzing a series of images captured through a digital camera, where various narrow bandpass filters were utilized to selectively view a portion of the CCD-sensor's spectrum. This investigation also leads to the selection of bandpass filter such that a stable, relatively intense melt pool is captured through the digital camera's CCD-sensor. <br /><br /> Second, in Chapter 4 the captured images are taken through a pair of image processing techniques, outputting a series of coordinates representating the melt pool's boundary. The image is first analyzed to calculate an optimal threshold level based on the minimization of fuzzy entropy. With this threshold selected, the grayscale image is converted into black-and-white, where the white pixels represent the melt pool. After this step, the melt pool's boundary is extracted through an 8-connectivity border tracing algorithm. This technique outputs a series of coordinates (in pixels) as though one were traveling along the melt pool in a clockwise rotation. <br /><br /> Last, Chapter 5 analyzes these pixel coordinates to extract the melt pool's height. The coordinates are first transformed into real-world coordinates, by use of a perspective transformation. This transformation essentially yields the melt pool's shadow, as created by a light-source coincident with the camera. As a result, the melt pool's height is estimated based upon a right-angle triangle, where the camera's angle is known, and the projected coordinates represent the shadow length (triangle's base). <br /><br /> The result of applying this series of steps to the estimation of clad heights is found at the end of Chapter 5. Results varied dramatically, from 4% error to 393%. Although the errors are large at times, they are mainly caused by a bias in the estimate. That is, the dynamics of the true clad formation are very well predicted by the algorithm, however, shifting by a certain amount. This amount varies both with substrate velocity, and the clad's direction of travel, relative to the camera. A partial explanation is given such that the clad's height is offset from the laser center-point, which is a function of both these parameters. However, the specific relationship requires further experimentation.
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Hardy, Alec W. "Pier Portal." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2020. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/2281.
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The Pier Portal marine monitoring system is an internet controlled underwater camera that will enable students, researchers, and the general public the ability to monitor underwater marine life and ocean conditions. Installed at Cal Poly’s Center for Coastal Marine Science pier at Avila Beach, California, the camera can be commanded in real-time to raise or lower to any position between the top of the pier and the bottom of the ocean floor, while providing a live-stream video to the operator and general public. This thesis effort focused on the integration of the various subsystem components through software, and the development of an online interface to allow the remote control of the system and the ability to view the live-stream video from the camera. Missing or damaged mechanical and electrical components were successfully redesigned and replaced, and a more compact and serviceable winch and sheave system was designed and partially manufactured. A software set was written in Python, JavaScript, HTML, and IEC 61131-6 successfully connecting the system’s control server, the winch’s industrial PLC, the cameras inside the underwater pod, and the front-facing webserver. The system’s internal network has been designed to allow internal components to communicate, and to allow external users the ability to securely control the system and view the video feed. Due to campus closure in early 2020, the final system was unable to be installed and tested, however, this document contains the entire system design and the next steps required to fully implement the system.
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Caesar, Nicole O. "An evaluation of the Along Track Reef Imaging System (ATRIS) for efficient reef monitoring and rapid groundtruthing of EAARL Lidar." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001483.
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Gasparrini, Samuele. "Activity monitoring and behaviour analysis using RGB-depth sensors and wearable devices for ambient assisted living applications." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/243152.
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Nei paesi sviluppati, la percentuale delle persone anziane è in costante crescita. Questa condizione è dovuta ai risultati raggiunti nel capo medico e nel miglioramento della qualità della vita. Con l'avanzare dell'età, le persone sono più soggette a malattie correlate con l'invecchiamento. Esse sono classificabili in tre gruppi: fisiche, sensoriali e mentali. Come diretta conseguenza dell'aumento della popolazione anziana ci sarà quindi una crescita dei costi nel sistema sanitario, che dovrà essere affrontata dalla UE nei prossimi anni.
Una possibile soluzione a questa sfida è l'utilizzo della tecnologia. Questo concetto è chiamato Ambient Assisted living (AAL) e copre diverse aree quali ad esempio il supporto alla mobilità, la cura delle persone, la privacy, la sicurezza e le interazioni sociali.
In questa tesi differenti sensori saranno utilizzati per mostrare, attraverso diverse applicazioni, le potenzialità della tecnologia nel contesto dell'AAL. In particolare verranno utilizzate le telecamere RGB-profondità e sensori indossabili.
La prima applicazione sfrutta una telecamera di profondità per monitorare la distanza sensore-persona al fine di individuare possibili cadute. Un'implementazione alternativa usa l'informazione di profondità sincronizzata con l'accelerazione fornita da un dispositivo indossabile per classificare le attività realizzate dalla persona in due gruppi: Activity Daily Living e cadute.
Al fine di valutare il fattore di rischio caduta negli anziani, la seconda applicazione usa la stessa configurazione descritta in precedenza per misurare i parametri cinematici del corpo durante un test clinico chiamato Timed Up and Go.
Infine, la terza applicazione monitora i movimenti della persona durante il pasto per valutare se il soggetto sta seguendo una dieta corretta. L'informazione di profondità viene sfruttata per riconoscere particolari azioni mentre quella RGB per classificare oggetti di interesse come bicchieri o piatti presenti sul tavolo.<br>Nowadays, in the developed countries, the percentage of the elderly is growing. This situation is a consequence of improvements in people's quality life and developments in the medical field. Because of ageing, people have higher probability to be affected by age-related diseases classified in three main groups physical, perceptual and mental. Therefore, the direct consequence is a growing of healthcare system costs and a not negligible financial sustainability issue which the EU will have to face in the next years.
One possible solution to tackle this challenge is exploiting the advantages provided by the technology. This paradigm is called Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) and concerns different areas, such as mobility support, health and care, privacy and security, social environment and communication.
In this thesis, two different type of sensors will be used to show the potentialities of the technology in the AAL scenario. RGB-Depth cameras and wearable devices will be studied to design affordable solutions.
The first one is a fall detection system that uses the distance information between the target and the camera to monitor people inside the covered area. The application will trigger an alarm when recognizes a fall. An alternative implementation of the same solution synchronizes the information provided by a depth camera and a wearable device to classify the activities performed by the user in two groups: Activity Daily Living and fall.
In order to assess the fall risk in the elderly, the second proposed application uses the previous sensors configuration to measure kinematic parameters of the body during a specific assessment test called Timed Up and Go.
Finally, the third application monitor's the user's movements during an intake activity. Especially, the drinking gesture can be recognized by the system using the depth information to track the hand movements whereas the RGB stream is exploited to classify important objects placed on a table.
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Liprandi, Silvia [Verfasser], and Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Thirolf. "Development and performance evaluation of detectors in a Compton camera arrangement for ion beam range monitoring in particle therapy / Silvia Liprandi ; Betreuer: Peter Thirolf." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1199265233/34.
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Mirzaei, Golrokh. "Data Fusion of Infrared, Radar, and Acoustics Based Monitoring System." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1396564236.
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Langri, Dharminder Singh. "Monitoring Cerebral Functional Response using sCMOS-based High Density Near Infrared Spectroscopic Imaging." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1558610822306817.
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COLUCCI, DOMENICO. "Infrared Imaging: a New Process Analytical Technology for Real Time Monitoring and Control of a Freeze-Drying Process." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2823943.
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Felix, Martin. "Monitorovací a zabezpečovací systém." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-237157.
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This master's thesis deals with design and implementation of system for securing and monitoring objects. The whole system is serving as an application getaway between typical TCP/IP network and heterogeneous network containing different end devices such as security cameras, microphones and some sensors (e.g. for temperature measurement). In case of detected event, the notification is created, recorded and the user is informed via administrative front-end. System can be managed from remote location and data from devices can be shown by web interface. Theoretical part of this project concerns with the analysis of different types of connecting devices and sensors and the possibilities of their usage for the monitoring systems along with description of communications protocols for each end device. The next part deals with the cameras interfaces, content analysis and connectivity with central server. Practical part describes methods and techniques used for implementation of system.
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Van, den Berg Reinier. "The breeding ecology of the northern lapwing (Vanellus vanellus) in France : investigating the decline of a widely-distributed wader." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAJ017.
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Le vanneau huppé (Vanellus vanellus), limicole nichant dans des habitats ouverts en Eurasie tempérée - y compris la France métropolitaine – est une espèce dont les populations déclinent depuis plusieurs décennies. Dans cette thèse, l’objectif principal était de quantifier les taux d’éclosion dans deux régions de France, où nous avons observé des taux plus élevés en Hauts‐de‐France par rapport à ceux en Alsace. Dans un contexte de conservation de l’espèce, nous nous sommes ainsi intéressés à l’impact du dérangement lors de nos visites sur les comportements des vanneaux. Nous avons observé un retour au nid plus rapide des vanneaux quand la couvée était plus proche de l’éclosion, et lorsque que les températures étaient plus élevées. Enfin, dans un contexte de changement climatique produisant des événements météorologiques extrêmes plus fréquents, nous avons cherché à déterminer quels sont les comportements compensatoires développés par les vanneaux lors de ce type d’événements<br>The Northern Lapwing (Vanellus vanellus), a wader breeding in open habitat across temperate Eurasia – including mainland France – is a species undergoing a decades‐long population decline. In this thesis, the primary objective was to quantify the rates of hatching success in two regions of France, where we found higher success rates in the region of Hauts‐de‐France as compared to Alsace.In a species conservation context, we were interested in the impact of disturbances during our nest visits might have on lapwings’ behaviour. We observed lapwings return to their nests more quickly when the clutch was closer to hatching, and when temperatures were higher. Finally, in the context of climatic change, which will lead to more frequent extreme climate events, we investigated which compensatory behaviours would be shown by lapwings in warm weather
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ASNANI, SORATH. "Image Processing for Machine Vision Applications." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2970991.
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Witt, Tanja Ivonne [Verfasser], Thomas R. [Akademischer Betreuer] Walter, Bernd [Akademischer Betreuer] Zimanowski, Magnus Tumi [Gutachter] Gudmundsson, and Helge [Gutachter] Gonnermann. "Camera Monitoring at volcanoes : Identification and characterization of lava fountain activity and near-vent processes and their relevance for early warning systems / Tanja Ivonne Witt ; Gutachter: Magnus Tumi Gudmundsson, Helge Gonnermann ; Thomas R. Walter, Bernd Zimanowski." Potsdam : Universität Potsdam, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1218404205/34.
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Владика, Роман Володимирович, Валерій Володимирович Пирха, Roman Vladyka та Valeriy Pyrkha. "Розробка та дослідження автономної інтелектуальної системи моніторингу дорожнього руху з використанням ІЧ-радару та камери". Master's thesis, Тернопіль, ТНТУ, 2020. http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/lib/33227.
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Роботу виконано на кафедрі ком’пютерно-інтегрованих технологій Тернопільського національного технічного університету імені Івана Пулюя Міністерства освіти і науки України Захист відбудеться 21 грудня 2020 р. о 08 .00 годині на засіданні екзаменаційної комісії № 24 у Тернопільському національному технічному університеті імені Івана Пулюя за адресою: 46001, м. Тернопіль, вул.Руська, 56, навчальний корпус №1, ауд. 403<br>У роботі проаналізовано методи моніторингу дорожнього руху, їх переваги та недоліки. Обрано оптимальні методи моніторингу дорожнього руху, які зможуть забезпечити стабільні та надійні дані про дорожній рух, включаючи підрахунок транспортних засобів, індивідуальну швидкість руху і клас транспортного засобу. Досліджено результати експерименту моніторингу дорожнього руху. На його основі розраховано перехід між режимами живлення. Розроблено систему динамічного управління живленням. Запропоновано прототип автономної системи моніторингу дорожнього руху. Обрано апаратні комплектуючі.
The methods of traffic monitoring, their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed in the work. The best methods of traffic monitoring have been selected, which will be able to provide stable and reliable traffic data, including vehicle counting, individual speed and vehicle class. The results of the traffic monitoring experiment are investigated. Based on it, the transition between power modes is calculated. A dynamic power management system has been developed. A prototype of an autonomous traffic monitoring system is proposed. Hardware components are selected.<br>ВСТУП 6
1 АНАЛІТИЧНА ЧАСТИНА 7
1.1 Засоби моніторингу дорожнього руху 7
1.2 Динамічне управління живленням 10
1.3 Роль інфраструктури транспортної системи при моніторингу дорожнього руху 11
1.4 Вплив зовнішніх факторів на моніторинг дорожнього руху 13
1.5 Процедури вимірювання кількості, швидкості та габаритів транспортних засобів 14
1.6 Застосування Фільтра Калмана при моніторингу дорожнього руху 15
1.6.1 Сігма-точковий фільтр Калмана 18
2 ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНА ЧАСТИНА 22
2.1 Багато точкове вимірювання короткої ділянки за допомогою ІЧ-лідара та камери для моніторингу дорожнього руху 22
2.1.1 Вимірювання короткої ділянки дороги за допомогою лідара 22
2.1.2 Вимірювання короткої ділянки дороги за допомогою за допомогою камери 22
2.1.3 Вимірювання короткої ділянки дороги за допомогою ІЧ-лідара та камери 24
2.2 Визначення розташування, швидкості та габаритів транспортного засобу за допомогою фільтра Калмана 25
2.3 Загальний процес моніторингу дорожнього руху 27
3 КОНСТРУКТОРСЬКА ЧАСТИНА 29
3.1 Динамічне управління живленням на основі потоку руху 29
3.2 Система динамічного управління живленням 30
3.2.1 Адаптивний превентивний ДУЖ 30
3.2.2 Диспетчер стану живлення: перехід між режимами живлення 31
3.2.3 Диспетчер стану живлення 33
4 НАУКОВО-ДОСЛІДНА ЧАСТИНА 38
4.1 Налаштування експерименту 38
4.2 Результати моніторингу траси 38
4.2.1 Результати підрахунку і аналіз транспортних засобів 38
4.2.2 Результат і аналіз оцінки швидкості транспортного засобу 42
4.3 Вплив динамічного управління живленням 43
4.3.1 Збільшення енергоефективності 43
4.3.2 Перехід між режимами живлення 45
4.3.3 Зміна режиму живлення при великих групах транспортних засобів 46
5 СПЕЦІАЛЬНА ЧАСТИНА 50
5.1 Підбір апаратного забезпечення 50
5.2 Встановлення та калібрування 54
5.3 Режими системи живлення 56
6 ОХОРОНА ПРАЦІ ТА БЕЗПЕКА В НАДЗВИЧАЙНИХ СИТУАЦІЯХ 59
6.1 Значення охорони праці для забезпечення безпечних умов праці 59
6.2 Системи засобів і заходів щодо електробезпеки 61
ВИСНОВКИ 65
БІБЛІОГРАФІЯ 66