Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cameroon (French) and French-Canadian

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Cameroon (French) and French-Canadian'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Cameroon (French) and French-Canadian"

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Runcie, Sarah C. "Decolonizing “La Brousse”." French Politics, Culture & Society 38, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 126–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/fpcs.2020.380207.

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This article examines French responses to transnational influences on medical education and rural health in Cameroon in the era of decolonization. As international organizations became increasingly involved in Cameroon in the postwar period, French military doctors claimed authority through specific expertise on medicine in the African “bush.” After Cameroon became independent, however, the building of new medical school became a focus of French anxieties about maintaining power in new African institutions of technical expertise and knowledge production. While scholars have begun to foreground the international context of Franco-African relations after independence, this article reveals how the distinct politics of Cameroon’s decolonization, growing out of its history as a United Nations (UN) trust territory, shaped French approaches to medical institutions there. Moreover, negotiations over the future of rural medicine in Cameroon highlighted the ways in which the approaches championed by French doctors relied on colonial authority itself.
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Fonyuy, Kelen Ernesta. "The rush for English education in urban Cameroon: sociolinguistic implications and prospects." English Today 26, no. 1 (February 23, 2010): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078409990289.

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The growing demand for English in parts of Cameroon that were once firmly under French influence.In the last decade, multilingual Cameroon has awoken to a new linguistic reality characterised by reconstructing linguistic identities in order to fit in the global space. This is seen in more and more urban Francophones pursuing English medium education and the Anglophones consolidating their identity alignment to the English language. From a sociolinguistic perspective, this paper evaluates the prominence and implications and prospects of this rush for English education in contemporary urban Cameroon. The case study method and cost-benefit analysis confirm that there is a fast growing interest in English medium education and the beginnings of English as an L1 in urban Cameroon. The result is a paradoxical sociolinguistic outcome: first of all, there is a shift by the majority Francophone group, who are shifting from a predominantly French medium to an English medium education, principally for economic benefits. Secondly, the Anglophones are increasingly shifting to English as an L1, without losing French as they live in basically French-speaking urban zones. This state of language shift implies that there will subsequently be bilingualism without diglossia in Cameroon's two official languages, and loss of the long-standing French language hegemony in Cameroon. At the same time, this shift threatens Cameroon's ancestral languages, forcing them increasingly into attrition and possibly endangerment.
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Maderspacher, Alois. "The National Archives of Cameroon in Yaoundé and Buea." History in Africa 36 (2009): 453–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hia.2010.0009.

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Even in learned journals on African and imperial history, few references have been made to the records contained in the archives in Cameroon, West Africa. Kamerun was a German colony (Schutzgebiet) from 1884-1916/19. In 1911, the Germans took over New Cameroon (Neu Kamerun), 295,000 km2 of land of French Equatorial Africa, ceded during the second Morocco Crisis. After World War I this transaction was reversed and the German colony was separated into French and British League of Nations Mandates in 1919. These mandates were transformed into United Nations Trusteeships in 1946. Finally, French Cameroun became independent in 1960, and after a plebiscite in 1961, one part of the British Cameroons joined Nigeria and the other part reunited with the formerly French part, now the independent Federal Republic of Cameroon.Due to the involvement of three colonial powers in Cameroon, the national archives in Yaoundé and Buea are an excellent source for the colonial history of West Africa, allowing for a simultaneous analysis of German, French, and British files. Whereas the colonial files in the European archives mainly give us the point of view of high politics, the archives in Cameroon offer a different dimension. The files reveal the intricacies of the colonial system on the ground, and the problems with which the colonial administrator had to cope in the bush: How did one introduce European legal tender in a territory never touched by Europeans before? How did one cope with the colonial rivals, who were couching at the frontiers to take over the territory? How did one attempt to win peoples' hearts and minds day in and day out? What happened when the new colonial power took over a territory with an already developed administration from another colonial power, as it took place in Cameroon in 1911 and 1916/19? The national archives of Cameroon contain potential answers to these questions. Hence this paper will focus on the sources that are available for the colonial period in these archives.
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Farenkia, Bernard Mulo. "Compliment strategies and regional variation in French." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 22, no. 3 (September 1, 2012): 447–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.22.3.05mul.

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The present study examines differences and similarities in the realization of compliments (on skills) in Cameroon and Canadian French. The data were collected by means of discourse completion tasks (DCT) administered to 55 participants in Yaoundé (Cameroon) and 39 respondents in Montréal (Canada). The 277 compliments obtained were analyzed according to the following three aspects: a) head act strategies (direct and indirect compliments), b) lexico-semantic and syntactic features of complimentary utterances, and c) external modification. With regard to head act strategies, the results show a preference for double head acts by the Cameroonian participants, while the Canadians more frequently employed single head acts. It was also found that indirect realizations of head acts occurred only in the Cameroonian data. Positive evaluation markers (e.g. adjectives, adverbs, verbs) and syntactic devices appearing in the compliments varied in type and frequency in the two varieties of French under investigation. The analysis of external modifications reveals that participants of both groups used many speech acts to externally modify their compliments. Overall, interjections, address forms, greetings, self-introductions and apologies were used as pre-compliments, with some speech acts, namely greetings and self-introductions, occurring only in the Cameroonian data.
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Alobwede, Charles Esambe. "THE REPOSSESSION OF A COMPLEX LANGUAGE: THE CASE OF THE FRENCH LANGUAGE IN CAMEROON." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 7, no. 5 (May 31, 2019): 21–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v7.i5.2019.821.

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This article sets out to study the evolution of the French language in Cameroon from the period of colonisation to the present. The article focuses in particular on the use of the language during the colonial period and its imposition on Cameroonians through the French policy of assimilation. Contrary to the British policy of indirect rule, France considered its colonies as oversea territories (la France outre-mer) which had to speak and write the French language in a manner as prescribed by the Académie Française. Our investigation looks at the evolution of the language after independence and the different varieties that developed from mainstream French: these include Cameroon popular French (CPF) or the social variety, and a hybrid variety (camfranglais) used mostly by the younger generation of Cameroonians. We aim at evaluating the influence of the latter variety, in order to analyse the radical transformation process that the French language is experiencing in French Africa in general and in Cameroon in particular. The article validates our position that the French language as used in Cameroon is a repossession of a very complex language. We conclude with comments on the opinions of various actors, their attitudes and judgments of the different varieties of the language as used in Cameroon.
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Alobwede, Charles Esambe. "THE REPOSSESSION OF A COMPLEX LANGUAGE: THE CASE OF THE FRENCH LANGUAGE IN CAMEROON." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 8, no. 5 (June 8, 2020): 208–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i5.2020.134.

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This article sets out to study the evolution of the French language in Cameroon from the period of colonisation to the present. The article focuses in particular on the use of the language during the colonial period and its imposition on Cameroonians through the French policy of assimilation. Contrary to the British policy of indirect rule, France considered its colonies as oversea territories (la France outre-mer) whichss had to speak and write the French language in a manner as prescribed by the Académie Française. Our investigation looks at the evolution of the language after independence and the different varieties that developed from mainstream French: these include Cameroon popular French (CPF) or the social variety, and a hybrid variety (camfranglais) used mostly by the younger generation of Cameroonians. We aim at evaluating the influence of the latter variety, in order to analyse the radical transformation process that the French language is experiencing in French Africa in general and in Cameroon in particular. The article aims at validating our hypothesis that the French language as used in Cameroon is a repossession of a very complex language.
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Farenkia, Bernard Mulo. "Thanks Response Strategies in Cameroon French." International Journal of Linguistics 10, no. 5 (October 31, 2018): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v10i5.13842.

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This study is designed to investigate strategies used by Cameroon French speakers to respond to gratitude expressions. Principles from three theoretical frameworks, i.e., cross-cultural pragmatics, the conception of French as a pluricentric language and postcolonial pragmatics were used to guide the study. The study was based on data from 148 French-speaking Cameroonian university students using a Data completion task questionnaire. The analysis focused on the pragmatic functions, realization patterns, and situational distribution of thanks response strategies as well as on supportive acts used to modify thanks responses. The results indicate five groups of thanks response strategies emerging from the corpus and the most common strategies used by the respondents are those intended to mitigate or even negate the magnitude of the favor. The findings also show that thanks response strategies are realized in different ways and that they are distributed differently across the three situations retained for this study. It was also found that thanks responses occur either as single acts or as combinations of many acts. The supportive acts attested in the data are employed to mitigate or intensify thanks responses, and to save or enhance the faces of the speaker and/or the addressee. The limitations of the study’s findings are highlighted, and avenues for future research outlined.
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Atangana, Martin R. "French Capitalism and Nationalism in Cameroon." African Studies Review 40, no. 1 (April 1997): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/525034.

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Blazhevich, Yuliya. "Phonetic Peculiarities of the French Language of Cameroon." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 2. Jazykoznanije, no. 4 (December 2019): 221–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu2.2019.4.17.

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Phonetic peculiarities of the territorial variant of the French language in Cameroon have been considered in the article. Audio- and video recordings of French-speaking Cameroonians have been used for the study. Significant divergences between the phonetic systems of the French language of the former metropolis and its Cameroonian version have been detected in the systems of vowels and consonants as well as on the prosodic level. The analysis proves that local Cameroonian languages being L1 of the speakers interfere with the French language of Cameroon as articulation habits of mother tongues are transferred into their speech in the French language. In the vowel system we have detected the following phonological phenomena: substitution of French sounds by the L1 ones, denasalization, diphthongization of vowels, change of sound length and use of epenthesis. In the consonant system such phenomena as substitution, devoicing, voicing, palatalization, sound opposition attenuation and consonant cluster simplification have been detected. Alterations are also observed on the prosodic level where L1 interference manifests in the form of excess tone marking transferred into French which is characteristic of most indigenous African languages. Four groups of accents spoken in Cameroon are also singled out and their main characteristics are described in the article.
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Eta, Elizabeth Agbor, Johanna Kallo, and Risto Rinne. "Process of transfer and reception of Bologna Process ideas in the Cameroon higher education system." European Educational Research Journal 17, no. 5 (September 29, 2017): 656–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474904117733376.

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The Bologna Process (BP), which created the European Higher Education Area, has had a profound impact on educational systems in Europe and beyond, as far as Cameroon. Through thematic analysis of interviews and text documents, this article examines the adoption of BP ideas in Cameroon with a focus on the transfer and local reception to the adoption. This article shows that the adoption in Cameroon is found to continue a process that began with the adoption of the BP at the Central African Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC) by the CEMAC heads of state, leading to its subsequent imposition on universities in Cameroon. The present findings show that, although imposed on the universities, the adoption of the BP found some support in Cameroon because of its potential to resolve the country’s higher education challenges. However, because of Cameroon’s dual French and Anglo-Saxon education system, some interviewees expressed scepticism about the adopted approaches, primarily because they appeared French driven. The article highlights some of the complexities and tensions associated with introducing a borrowed model to a dual system of education such as that in Cameroon.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cameroon (French) and French-Canadian"

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Nzume, Anastacia Niende. "British and French administration of peoples on the southern borderlands of Cameroon : the case of the Anglo-French inter-Cameroons boundary 1916-1961." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2004. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/29199/.

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The subject of this thesis is the history of British and French imposition of the Anglo-French inter-Cameroons boundary and the effects on the divided people from 1916 to 1961. The focus is on border administration and the response of the separated border groups notably the Balong, Bakossi, Duala, Balondo, Bakweri and the Mbo. The work opens with post-war Anglo-French negotiations and the partition of the territory. These negotiations resulted to an unequal division of Cameroon between the British (1/5) and the French (4/5). After the partition on paper, the actual work of survey and demarcation began in 1937 from the coast and proceeded inland. The work came to a halt with the outbreak of the Second World War. Establishing and settling their administration on an old German base was not an easy task for either administration, especially in a territory where there was a Germanophone educated group reluctant to sever links with the former colonial power. More complicated was the administration of separated ethnic groups who seized every opportunity to send an avalanche of petitions and complaints to first the League of Nations and later to the United Nations in protest of the boundary. While border people resisted the boundary, others who were smarter saw the boundary as a zone of limitless opportunities, which they did not hesitate to exploit. It was in the early 1960s that following the plebiscite results in Southern Cameroons, the Trusteeship regime ended and the territory achieved independence on October 1, 1961 by reuniting with an independent French Cameroon. Reunification changed the status of the boundary from an international to an interstate boundary yet the ghost of the defunct boundary has ever since continued to haunt Cameroon.
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Edjua, Titus Anurike. "The contemporary application of English and French contract law in Cameroon." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283340.

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Bomba, Nkolo Odile. "Translating rhetoric into practice? : the case of French aid to Cameroon." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2016. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/102682/.

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In the late 1990s, the donor community espoused a new metanorm, poverty reduction. Against this backdrop, Lionel Jospin, elected French Prime Minister in 1997, promised a shift in French aid policy away from a paternalistic and interest-driven approach towards a more needs-focused, empowering strategy. This thesis asks, with reference to the 1997-2015 period and to the Cameroonianian case, how far, how and why France’s aid discourse on poverty reduction and empowerment has been translated into practice. Our introduction sets out this research question. Our literature review demonstrates that there have been no detailed studies of French aid to Cameroon and looks more broadly at research on French coopération, empowerment and African agency. Chapter three identifies our methodological and theoretical framework, focusing particularly on neo-classical realism and a template of hard, soft and smart power. Chapter 4 shows how French aid sructures and instruments were neo-colonial in the early post-colonial decades. It then highlights reforms under Jospin and President Jacques Chirac’s second term, paying particular attention to the aid instruments deployed in Cameroon and their ‘fitness for the purpose’. Chapter 5 sets out the aid promises of French Presidents Nicolas Sarkozy and François Hollande, identifying the reformist pressures they faced. Chapter 6 explains why important but ultimately limited changes took place in the French assistance programme to Cameroon. Drawing on a neoclassical realist framework, it shows how the French policy-making establishment was divided between the conservative old guard resisting and modernisers promoting aid conditionalities. Chapter 7 addresses weaknesses in the NCR framework, notably its crude definition of power and failure to include African agency. It shows how francophone Cameroonian elites facilitate or constrain the implementation of French aid. Our conclusion summarises our findings, identifies future aid trends and explores the wider significance of this research.
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Dougherty-Messi, Etienne. "Re-presenting a nation : francophone Cameroon in the novels and films of Beti, Bekolo, Beyala, Teno and Oyono." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2010. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=128223.

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In this thesis I will trace the shifting representations of post-Independence Cameroon through a detailed analysis of the literary texts of two of its most celebrated writers (Mongo Beti and Calixthe Beyala), and the cinematic production of two of its most innovative filmmakers (Jean-Marie Téno and Pierre Békolo).  Theoretically, this study will be informed by both European and African post-colonial criticism, as well as other recent works of feminism, philosophy, and political theory, and will thereby critically engage with both Western and Afrocentric approaches to Sub-Saharan Africa’s literary and cinematic self-representation. The Cameroonian writers and filmmakers that will be the focus of this project provide an opportunity for a kind of critical dialogue between Western and African post-colonial interpretations of Sub-Saharan African cultural texts.  Starting with the theories of Franz Fanon and Albert Memmi on de-colonisation and the preservation of an authentic African identity, I will look at the question of Cameroon’s cultural and national identity, which is often portrayed as Francophone and yet authentically African, as a useful example of the complex nature of post-colonial Sub-Saharan Africa’s self-perception.  Beti’s works (1953-2000) and their representation of a ‘lost’ Cameroonian nation that must be rediscovered fully display this complexity. The novels of Calixthe Beyala stand in stark contrast to the male-centred representation of Cameroon to be found in Beti’s work.  Her celebration of marginal and dispossessed figures directly addresses the marginalising and exclusionary forces at work in most literary representations of Sub-Saharan Africa.  In this section I will use the key post-colonial concepts of marginality, hybridity, and positionality that have been popularised by Homi K. Bhabha and Gayatri Spivak to assess the extent to which women writers like Beyala have become crucially important to Sub-Saharan Africa’s self conception. Cinema has likewise become increasingly important in Cameroon as a medium of cultural self-representation.  Cameroonian filmmakers have begun to exploit cinema’s power as an effective tool for mass political activism and change.  This has brought about such critically acclaimed films as Téno’s Retours au pays natal (2000), and Békolo’s Le Complot d’Aristote (1996).  In my thesis I will show how these filmmakers respond to the socio-political challenges of Cameroon, and thereby construct a fertile space for dialogical exchange between all producers of cultural texts.  The close analysis of their films will demonstrate the ways in which cinema is inherently bound up with other critical discourses on post colonialism in Africa, and the way in which it is intimately linked to literary concerns in the current period.
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Maderspacher, Alois. "European colonialism in sub-Saharan Africa : the Germans, French, and British in Cameroon, 1884-1939." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609449.

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Simeu, Simplice. "Le français parlé au Cameroun : une analyse de quatre marqueurs discursifs (là, par exemple, ékyé et wèé)." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAL006/document.

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Cette thèse a pour objet la description et l’analyse des marqueurs discursifs (MD) là, par exemple, ékyé et wèé en français parlé au Cameroun, variété de français régional qui s’inscrit dans le français parlé en Afrique subsaharienne. Elle propose une analyse centrée sur les échanges discursifs et prend en compte la pragmatique afin de montrer que la communication repose sur l’intersubjectivité langagière qu’on peut analyser au moyen de traces linguistiques comme les MD. Pour étudier ces phénomènes pragmatiques au demeurant très peu étudiés en français parlé au Cameroun, la recherche s’est organisée principalement autour des notions de flux discursif, d’implicite social et d’interaction afin de comprendre la structuration informationnelle et le contexte situationnel qui motivent l’apparition des MD là, par exemple, ékyé et wèé dans l’organisation du discours, tant dans la production que dans la réception. Le corpus se compose d’échanges radiophoniques d’une part et d’échanges internet d’autre part. La thèse est composée en deux parties. La première rend compte des aspects théoriques, même si nous l’illustrons parfois avec des extraits de notre corpus. La seconde est consacrée à l’analyse systématique des données (le fonctionnement des quatre MD là, par exemple, ékyé et wèé dans les discours radiophoniques et dans les écrits tirés d’internet). Cette analyse a permis de conclure à la difficulté de définir exactement ce qu’est un MD, et de relever l’existence de terminologies concurrentes, tant les théories qui décrivent et expliquent le fonctionnement des MD sont hétérogènes. Nous proposons une définition opérationnelle des MD pour l’analyse de notre corpus et nous plaidons pour une prise en compte des phénomènes oraux et liés à l’interaction dans les études sur le français régional en Afrique
This thesis sets out to describe and to analyse the discourse markers (DMs) là, par exemple, ékyé and wèé in Cameroon French, a regional variety of French that is spoken in Subsharan Africa. It is a pragmatic study of oral discourses that highlights how communication is based on speech inter-subjectivity such as DMs, which constitute linguistic traces. In order to study these uninvestigated pragmatic phenomena in Cameroon spoken French, three notions were of prime necessity, namely: discursive continuity, social implicity and interaction. These notions help to shed light on the informational structure and on the situational context of the DMs là, par exemple, ékyé and wèé in discourse organization as well as in its production or in its reception. The data of this study was got from two sources: on the one hand, radio programmes, and on the other hand, scripts collected from the internet. The study comprises two parts: Part one focuses on the theoretical concerns, alongside some illustrations of excerpts from the data. The second part provides a systematic analysis of the data (the functioning of the four DMs là, par exemple, ékyé and wèé in radio programmes and in internet scripts). This analysis enabled the confirmation that not only is it difficult to clearly define what a DM is but that there are also several competing terms and explanations, as theories regarding studies on DMs are heterogeneous. We propose an operational definition of DMs for the analysis of the data and suggest that studies on regional French spoken in Africa should take into account oral phenomena related to interaction
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Yagang, Christelle. "Dificultades que plantea la enseñanza/aprendizaje de ELE para alumnado camerunés de lengua materna medùmba (entre el contraste de lenguas y las creencias sociolingüísticas y educativas)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/405568.

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Intervenen molts elements en el procés d'ensenyament/aprenentatge d'una llengua estrangera. En aquesta tesi s'analitza l'efecte que tenen en aquest procés les llengües que prèviament ha après l'alumne, així com les creences que es tenen sobre l'entorn lingüístic, sobre les dificultats intrínseques de la llengua estrangera i sobre el mètode d'ensenyament. La manca de reconeixement mundial de les llengües africanes ens ha portat al plantejament de com seria l'ensenyament/aprenentatge de l'espanyol per a alumnat d'una llengua africana, en general, i camerunesa, en particular, el medùmba, pròpia d'un territori en el qual es va implantar una llengua europea mitjançant un procés de colonització, el francès. Per aconseguir-ho, es contrasten els sistemes fonètic-fonològics i gramaticals del medùmba, el francès i l'espanyol, a la recerca dels esculls potencials amb els quals es toparà l'alumnat francòfon de llengua materna medùmba que està aprenent ELE. Així mateix s'identifica l'imaginari social sobre l'estatut de les llengües autòctones i estrangeres entre el professorat i l'alumnat dels centres de secundària al Camerun, així com les creences, d'aquests mateixos col·lectius, al voltant de l'ensenyament-aprenentatge d’ELE. Finalment, es comprova el grau de proximitat entre la realitat social, lingüística i educativa, d'una banda, i, de l'altra, les creences sobre les llengües i sobre l'ensenyament / aprenentatge de l'espanyol.
Intervienen muchos elementos en el proceso de enseñanza/aprendizaje de una lengua extranjera. En esta tesis se analiza el efecto que tienen en dicho proceso las lenguas que previamente ha aprendido el alumno, así como las creencias que se tiene sobre el entorno lingüístico, sobre las dificultades intrínsecas de la lengua extranjera y sobre el método de enseñanza. La falta de reconocimiento mundial de las lenguas africanas nos ha llevado al planteamiento de cómo sería la enseñanza/ aprendizaje del español para alumnado de una lengua africana, en general, y camerunesa, en particular, el medùmba, propia de un territorio en el que se implantó una lengua europea mediante un proceso de colonización, el francés. Para ello, se contrastan los sistemas fonético-fonológicos y gramaticales del medùmba, el francés y el español, en la búsqueda de los escollos potenciales con los que se topará el alumnado francófono de lengua materna medùmba que está aprendiendo ELE. Asimismo se identifica el imaginario social sobre el estatuto de las lenguas autóctonas y extranjeras entre el profesorado y el alumnado de los centros de secundaria en Camerún, así como las creencias, de estos mismos colectivos, en torno a la enseñanza-aprendizaje de ELE. Finalmente, se comprueba el grado de proximidad entre la realidad social, lingüística y educativa, por un lado, y, por el otro, las creencias sobre las lenguas y sobre la enseñanza/aprendizaje del español.
There are lots of different elements that take part in the teaching/learning process in a foreign language. In this thesis the effect that the language previously learned by the pupil has in the mentioned process and the beliefs that are embraced about the linguistic are analyzed. The lack of world recognition of the African languages has taken us to the approach of how it would be the teaching-learning process of the Spanish for African native students in general, and Cameroon natives, (specially, the medùmba speakers), proper of a territory in which an European language (the French language) was implemented by a settling process. In order to do that, the phonetic - phonological and grammatical systems of the medùmba, the French and the Spanish are contrasted in the search of the potential obstacles, faced by the French-speaking student of medùmba mother language who is learning ELE. Additionally, the imaginary social is identified about the autochthonous and foreign languages statute among the teaching and students body in the Cameroon’s secondary centers, as well as the beliefs of the same groups, concerning ELE’s teaching - learning. Finally, on the one hand, the degree of proximity is verified among the social, linguistic and educational reality, and, on the other one, the beliefs on the languages and on the teaching / learning of Spanish.
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Roche, Cindy Lynn. "French Canadian adolescents in a minority milieu." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ33441.pdf.

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Locke, Sharon. "Canadian musique: English to French translation in contemporary Canadian music." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26962.

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This thesis examines translation in English Canadian music of the late 20th/early 21st century and the challenges unique to song translation. It first explores this increasingly apparent trend in the light of Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) regulations, and then studies the history and background of Canadian music. It then looks at song translation as a form of poetry translation, to study the challenges faced in the process and the solutions found, focussing specifically on the translation of various poetic devices used in the corpus. Further, it examines the intentions that generate these translations and seeks to analyze the finished products in the light of these motivations. Do musical groups translate their work in order to expand their horizons and explore another culture, or do they do so primarily to expand the fan base and generate more revenue? And what methods are used to deal with all the inherent restrictions of song translation? What does the finished product tell the listener about the intention of the translation?
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Fee, Margery. "French Borrowing in Quebec English." Anglistik: International Journal of English Studies, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/11671.

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Provides an overview of work on the effects of Quebec French (QF) on Quebec English (QE) since 1977. Argues that the framework used by sociolinguists is too narrow methodologically, excluding conversations in English between people whose first languages are different and ignoring the deliberate use of language for political effect. Examines some cognate nouns to show how meanings in QE have shifted because of knowledge of QF.
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Books on the topic "Cameroon (French) and French-Canadian"

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Atangana, Martin-René. The end of French rule in Cameroon. Lanham, Md: University Press of America, 2010.

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Tcheho, Isaac Celestin. Plaies, travers, patrie: Poèmes. [Yaounde, Cameroon?]: Editions Saint François, 1992.

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Une vie de chien à Samville. Paris: L'Harmattan, 2003.

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Atangana, Martin-René. French investment in colonial Cameroon: The FIDES era (1946-1957). New York, NY: P. Lang, 2009.

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Atangana, Martin-René. French investment in colonial Cameroon: The FIDES era (1946-1957). New York: Peter Lang, 2009.

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Barreteau, Daniel. Dictionnaire mada: Langue de la famille tchadique parlée dans l'extrême-nord du Cameroun. Berlin: Reimer, 2000.

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John, Elerius Edet. The rise of the Camerounian novel in French. Lagos: Paico Ltd., 1986.

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Elango, Lovett Zephaniah. The Anglo-French condominium in Cameroon, 1914-1916: History of a misunderstanding. Limbe: Navi-Group Publications, 1987.

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Dehon, Claire L. Le roman camerounais d'expression française. Birmingham, Ala: Summa Publications, 1989.

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Le roman camerounais et la critique. Paris: Silex, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cameroon (French) and French-Canadian"

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Farenkia, Bernard Mulo. "Nominal address strategies in Cameroon French." In It’s not all about you, 336–53. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tar.1.13far.

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Cumming, Gordon D. "Working Together in the Field: A Case Study from Cameroon." In French NGOs in the Global Era, 177–98. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230581968_9.

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Schölmberger, Ursula. "Apologizing in French French and Canadian French." In Variational Pragmatics, 333–54. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pbns.178.15sch.

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Oakes, Leigh, and Jane Warren. "From French Canadian to Quebecer." In Language, Citizenship and Identity in Quebec, 25–43. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230625495_2.

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Poplack, Shana, and Douglas C. Walker. "Going through (L) in Canadian French." In Diversity and Diachrony, 173. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.53.17pop.

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Garbati, Jordana F. "3. French is Hard: An English Language Learner’s Experience in Core French." In Minority Populations in Canadian Second Language Education, edited by Katy Arnett and Callie Mady, 38–52. Bristol, Blue Ridge Summit: Multilingual Matters, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21832/9781783090310-005.

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Nolette, Nicole. "Games Translators Play in French-Canadian Theatre." In Ludics, 317–38. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7435-1_15.

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Koufan, Jean. "Socialism in the Colonies: Cameroun Under the Popular Front." In French Colonial Empire and the Popular Front, 203–17. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-50882-8_11.

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Carr, Wendy. "2. Learning French in British Columbia: English as Additional Language Learner and Parent Perspectives." In Minority Populations in Canadian Second Language Education, edited by Katy Arnett and Callie Mady, 22–37. Bristol, Blue Ridge Summit: Multilingual Matters, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21832/9781783090310-004.

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Bouthillier, Josée Le. "9. The Writing Processes of a Grade 7 French Immersion Student with Asperger Syndrome." In Minority Populations in Canadian Second Language Education, edited by Katy Arnett and Callie Mady, 135–50. Bristol, Blue Ridge Summit: Multilingual Matters, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21832/9781783090310-011.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cameroon (French) and French-Canadian"

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Nwakiban, APA, E. Sangiovanni, S. Piazza, M. Fumagalli, G. Beretta, GA Agbor, J.-R. Kuiaté, and M. Dell’Agli. "Nutritional spices from Cameroon inhibit inflammatory markers from human gastric epithelial cells." In 67th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA) in cooperation with the French Society of Pharmacognosy AFERP. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3399693.

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Nwakiban, APA, E. Sangiovanni, S. Piazza, M. Fumagalli, S. Khalilpour, G. Martinelli, A. Magnavacca, et al. "Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Cameroon nutritional spice extracts in human gastric epithelial cells." In 67th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA) in cooperation with the French Society of Pharmacognosy AFERP. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3399631.

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Kaminskaïa, Svetlana. "Rhythmic Convergence in Canadian French Varieties?" In Interspeech 2020. ISCA: ISCA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2020-2963.

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Gournay, Philippe, Olivier Lahaie, and Roch Lefebvre. "A canadian french emotional speech dataset." In MMSys '18: 9th ACM Multimedia Systems Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3204949.3208121.

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Lamontagne, Jeffrey, and Jeff Mielke. "Perception of Canadian French rhotic vowels." In ICA 2013 Montreal. ASA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4799045.

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"Organizing Committees(French) - CCECE 2007." In 2007 Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccece.2007.5.

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"General Chair Message(French) - CCECE 2007." In 2007 Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccece.2007.3.

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Williams, Darcie, and François Poiré. "Predicting vowel duration in spontaneous canadian French speech." In Interspeech 2007. ISCA: ISCA, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2007-357.

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Johnson, Allison A., and Franzo Law II. "Effects of phonemic variability and language dominance on Canadian French-English bilinguals? perception of French vowels in various phonological contexts." In ICA 2013 Montreal. ASA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4800594.

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Dubourg, Vincent, and Daniel Levesque. "Operating a new French balloon system from a new Canadian launch site." In AIAA Balloon Systems (BAL) Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2013-1335.

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Reports on the topic "Cameroon (French) and French-Canadian"

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Willführ, Kai P., and Mikko Myrskylä. Disease load at conception predicts survival in later epidemics in a historical French-Canadian cohort, suggesting functional epigenetic imprinting. Rostock: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/mpidr-wp-2013-015.

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