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Academic literature on the topic 'Cameroun – 1960-.... – Aspect médical'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cameroun – 1960-.... – Aspect médical"
Kouanfack, Charles. "Accès au traitement antirétroviral en Afrique : le cas du Cameroun." Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON1T024.
Full textAlthough access to Antiretroviral therapy for Persons Living with HIV (PLHIV) in low income countries has been increasing, there still remain many challenges. In this framework our thesis carried in Cameroon was based on patient adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART), HIV reistance to ART and decentralization of ART availability to district rural hospitals. We demonstrated that adherencemeasured using a face-te-face questionnaire (classical methode) does not correlate with the virological response when compared to plasma concentration measurement of medication. On the other hand our study of resistance of HIV to ART revealed a relatively low level of resistance (4,4% after 12 months and 16,9% after 24 months of treatment) in patients follow-up on a routine basis, that the WHO recommended second line ART regimens were efficient in almost all the patients (96%) with previous major resistance, and that the WHO recommended threshold for viral load to switch ART regimens in case of therapeutic failure in the absence of resistance test was adequate in 70% of cases. Finally, we observed that 1/4 of patients placed on ART based on WHO recommended criteria for decentralized zones had CD4 counts greater than 350 cells/ml
Dtematio, Akana Parfait. "Une ethnographie de la folie à Yaoundé : la rue, le politique et la clinique." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0036.
Full textThis work explores the ethnography of madness in Yaoundé. It takes the perspective of phenomenological sociology. More simply, it describes mediations, terms and operativity of madness. It tries to exhume and describe "practice intelligibility" of acts and speech produced by "members", at different levels, about madness. We chose to work on this issue by articulating three main points, all interrelated namely: "street", the clinical and the politics. Firstly, the inquiry' describes scenes, especially in the public space, which represent some of manifestations of madness. This concerns specially the practices of denudation, sexual abuses on/and between people suffering from mental illness (involving sometimes occult economies) and body performances on a degrading and obscene mode. Secondly, the inquiry de scribes discourses that exemplify the different ways of knowing madness by "members" (Garfinkel) in a configuration that includes people and institutional political actors. Are also described and analyzed how actors are facing to the biomedical model, not only in resisting it, or in adopting it, but in resorting, in a complex configuration, to the local knowledges which represent the dominant model in society and which are based on the knowledges of ethnomedecines and all kinds of religious therapies against a State whose the taking care of mental health problems based largely on politicies of enmity and indifference …
Nkwenkeu, Sylvain F. "Evaluation des politiques publiques de santé : une analyse économique appliquée au Cameroun." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENE006/document.
Full textIn Cameroon, the sequence of reforms in the health sector has reinforced an ideological wavering between two opposing currents: a socio-universal that promotes equity, and a neoliberal, which militates for greater economic efficiency of existing systems. Articulating two concerns which are, the worsening of health inequalities as consequence of policy choices made on the efficacy of services without taking into account factors that support the demand, and the form of organization of the health system arising from an imperfect translation of major international principles, this thesis aims to contributing to a critical reflection on the process, the implementation and the results produced by these health policies. To determine Cameroonian specificity, we inscribe them in a triple theoretical field. The neo-institutionalist approach, mobilize to grasp the importance of the economic history and its influence on the evolution of the health system, which allows understanding the conditions for policy change. The “referentials” approach to policy analysis in order to apprehend the foundations of the new public policy, including the understanding of how interests and ideas are formatted by institutions. An effort to illuminate the policy game is undertaken to appraise the mediation of political entrepreneurs, thereby testing empirically the “top-down hypothesis”. Finally, the theories of justice help to argue for the existence of an imbalance between health supply and demand which undermines health outcomes, and reinforces the conflict efficacy versus equity. Indeed, our work aims to provide some answers to three main questions: (i) Why (triggers) and how (dynamic) health public policies are influenced in their construction and implementation by economic policies? (ii) What are the outcomes of induced changes by the global referential (macroeconomic framework) on sectoral referential that requires a more equitable distribution and access to health services? (iii) What lessons can we learn from the knowledge of the interrelationships between the dynamics of poverty reduction and the persistence of inaccessibility to health care in order to improve the evaluation of public policies? From a number of quantitative and qualitative indicators, the robustness of the new policy is questioned following prospects regarding health distribution and accessibility. Therefore, we emphasize the difficulty of the public policy to achieve satisfactory results both in terms of efficacy or equity due to the institutional and organizational system in which it is designed and implemented. Three epistemic communities acting on a nonstructural basis are identified and analyzed through a robust qualitative material that enables us to grasp the existence of a paradigmatic conflict emerged from how different groups are positioning themselves and interpret reality in order to put in coherence the sectorial referential and the global market-based one which appears to be rather spontaneous and mandatory. Statistical and econometric works to measure more precisely the inequalities and determinants of access and use of health services by the population supports the idea of a widening of inequalities by the health policies maintained by strong regressive mechanisms. The analysis of the determinants of occurrence of catastrophic health expenditures also confirms this. We mobilize thereafter an additional material to assess the allocative efficiency and efficacy of public spending on health as well as their impact on the use of services and benefits revealed from their use
Kinkeu, Martin Honoré. "L'Etat et le théâtre au Cameroun : 1960-1992." Paris 10, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA100101.
Full textWhat’s the state's contribution to the development of theatre in Cameron? The present thesis tries to answer this question by examining it under two points of view: the state cultural politic under the light of troups'existence conditions, the comedians teaching and the theatric infrastructure. It follows from this analyses based on accurate examples and those from many African countries that the state's participation to the theatre's development is very insignificant concerning the dramatic reality from 1960 to 1992. Because theatre is a social, economic and political fact, our conclusion strives to show that democracy concerns all dramatic act, all cultural phenomenons. In the same point of view to improve the state's roll, we suggest a politic of that is without politic but in the same time we interrogate the creation of the ministry of culture since 1992
Ngainyo, Gisele. "L'enseignement des langues et l'intégration sociale et politique au Cameroun : le cas de la langue arabe dans l'Adamaoua (Nord-Cameroun) : 1960-2006." Perpignan, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PERP0949.
Full textThis thesis is talking about the teaching of languages in general an arabic language in particular in Adamaoua (Nord-Cameroon) since 1960 to 2006. Since 1960 islamics schools in general and the teaching of arabic language in particular is confronted to many problems : administrative, pedagogic, and financial. All these problems don’t facilitate the social and political integration of arabics students in Cameroon. Can franco-arabics schools contributed to the national integration of those who learn arabic language in multicultural and multilingual society? What is did by the government to resolve these problems?
Njele, Judith. "Les débuts du christianisme et son évolution en pays Bamoun au Cameroun : du début du XXe siècle à 1960." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010531.
Full textRoulet, Pierre-Armand. ""Chasseur blanc, coeur noir" ? La chasse sportive en Afrique Centrale : une analyse de son rôle dans la conservation de la faune sauvage et le développement rural au travers des programmes de gestion de la chasse communautaire." Orléans, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ORLE1053.
Full textThe interdisciplinary thesis analyses the role of sport hunting in the programmes of participative management of wildlife in Central Africa, more particularly on two pilot sites (northern Central African Republic and south-east Cameroon). Over the course of the 20th century, sport hunting evolved greatly through the joint processes of "democratisation", professionalisation and internationalisation of its protagonists. These days, safari operators can play a major role in conservation, notably owing to their spatial control of sizeable cynegetic zones, globally sustainable harvesting and a sound capacity to look after and defend the natural environment. This statement can, however, only be fully appreciated when the activity of safari operators plays a part in programmes linking the state, specific projects and the local population. The analysis of the techniques, ideology and discourse of safari guides and those of their clients reveals the antinomy of their ideas of safari as well as the onset of a nostalgia for colonial hunting. We note also the surprising fact that the "great white hunters" often fit better into the rural socio-cultural context than do other non-indigenous protagonists. Finally, if the economic argument presenting sport hunting as a signifiant tool in programmes of participative management of wildlife remains valid, it is nevertheless essential not to overlook the conceptual and technical limits of the proposed models, as well as the very real stakes lying behind the appropriation of the land and resources
Petsoko, Maturin. "Exploitation minière et droits fondamentaux en droit camerounais - Recherche d'une conciliation entre developpement économique et droit à la santé et à la vie." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE3018.
Full textAlthough mining is useful because it generates revenues, it also raises difficulties because it undermines some legally protected interests. This is why it is criticized for its many negative externalities that hurt some fundamental rights, as the right to health, and finally, the right to life. The question is whether to give it up or whether to maintain it. The solution seems to be maintenance, but for that, it must be reconciled with environmental and social considerations. The research question is how to organize a mining operation that ensures the preservation of the right to health and the right to life ? To organize the conciliation between these imperatives is the object of this thesis. It is justified not only by the usefulness of mining, but also by the interests attached to the protection of fundamental rights.Faced with this difficulty, the Cameroonian legislator has taken some important, but insufficient measures that need to be completed. The analysis reveals that the regulations do not give the necessary guarantees of a legal security that would integrate both the preservation of the general interest and the private interests of mining operators, and the fundamental rights of the citizens. These legal uncertainties call for further reflection so that the technical, scientific, health and environmental uncertainties raised by mining should fully be taken into account. This is the reason why several proposals have been made to optimize this conciliation. To this end, sustainable development appears as the martingale of the reconciliation of diverging interests.Conciliation involves the avoidance of damages on the one hand and the curative treatment of the negatives effects of mining on health and life on the other. Although the field of experimentation of research is Cameroon, the analysis remains mobilizable in others contexts
Pitroipa, Rayanesalgo Anatole. "Le Nigéria à l'épreuve du terrorisme : une analyse des racines sociohistoriques et politiques de la violence revendiquée par Boko Haram." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26154.
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