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1
Grote, Ulrike, Benjamin Schleenvoigt, Christine Happle, Christian Dopfer, Martin Wetzke, Gerrit Ahrenstorf, Hanna Holst, et al. "Norovirus outbreaks in german refugee camps in 2015." Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie 55, no. 10 (October 2017): 997–1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-109701.
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Abstract Purpose Refugees often live in confined housing conditions with shared kitchen and sanitary facilities, rendering susceptible to communicable diseases. We here describe the outbreak, spread and self-limiting nature of a norovirus outbreak in a German refugee camp in the winter of 2015. Methods During a norovirus outbreak, data on clinical symptoms, nationality and living conditions was obtained in a refugee camp in northern Germany in the winter of 2015. Furthermore secondary data on norovirus outbreaks in 2015 was assessed. Results Amongst n = 982 refugees, n = 36 patients (3.7 %) presented with acute norovirus gastroenteritis. The vast majority of cases were children, only the first patient was admitted to the hospital. Intensified hygiene measures were implemented on day 2 of the outbreak, but new cases peaked on day 21 and occurred until one month after the first case. Different cultural backgrounds, eating habits and hygiene standards amongst the refugees made it particularly challenging to implement stringent isolation and hygiene measures. Despite these predisposing factors, only minor norovirus outbreaks were reported in refugee camps in 2015. Conclusion Adults refugees had a low attack rate of symptomatic norovirus infection, while small children are at high risk. Infection spreads despite hygiene measures and camp sites and staff should be prepared for the particular challenges of such situations with a particular focus on cultural-background specific implementation of hygiene measures.
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Bitterman, Noemi, and Yoni Zimmer. "Portable Health Care Facilities in Disaster and Rescue Zones: Characteristics and Future Suggestions." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 33, no. 4 (July 13, 2018): 411–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x18000560.
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AbstractIntroductionNatural and man-made disasters are becoming global concerns. Natural disasters appear to be growing in number and intensity due to global warming, population explosion, increased travel, and overcrowding of cities. In addition, man-made disasters do not seem to be diminishing.At disaster sites, an immediate response is needed. National and international organizations; nongovernmental, military, and commercial organizations; and even private donors enlist to provide humanitarian and medical support and to send supplies, shelters, and temporary health care facilities to disaster zones.ProblemThe literature is sparse regarding the design of portable health care facilities intended for disaster zones and their adaptability to the tasks required and site areas.MethodsData were collected from peer-reviewed literature, scientific reports, magazines, and websites regarding health care facilities at rescue and salvage situations. Information was grouped according to categories of structure and properties, and relative strengths and weaknesses. Next, suggestions were made for future directions.ResultsPermanent structures and temporary constructed facilities were the two primary categories of health care facilities functioning at disaster zones. Permanent hospitals were independent functioning medical units that were moved or transported to and from disaster zones as complete units, as needed. These facilities included floating hospitals, flying (airborne) hospitals, or terrestrial mobile facilities. Thus, these hospitals self-powered and contained mobility aids within their structure using water, air, or land as transporting media.Temporary health care facilities were transported to disaster zones as separate, nonfunctioning elements that were constructed or assembled on site and were subsequently taken apart. These facilities included the classical soft-type tents and solid containers that were organized later as hospitals in camp configurations. The strengths and weaknesses of the diverse hospital options are discussed.ConclusionsFuture directions include the use of innovative materials, advanced working methods, and integrated transportation systems. In addition, a holistic approach should be developed to improve the performance, accessibility, time required to function, sustainability, flexibility, and modularity of portable health care facilities.Bitterman N, Zimmer Y. Portable health care facilities in disaster and rescue zones: characteristics and future suggestions. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018;33(4):411–417
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Dupuy, Danielle, Louise Miller, Christine B. Weldon, Jennifer M. Orsi, Terry Macarol, Anne Marie Murphy, and Julia R. Trosman. "Breast imaging boot camp: A mammography quality improvement initiative." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 34_suppl (December 1, 2012): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.34_suppl.138.
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138 Background: In mammography, compression, and positioning are key quality factors. ACR standards suggest that compression should ensure that a breast is taut (drawn tight with no slack). In environmental scans, semi-structured interviews with cross discipline providers from Chicago mammography facilities, we found wide variation in radiology technologist’s understanding of standard compression and views. Optimal compression was reported from 12-45 lbs and some sites reported that four views are taken regardless of breast size. This discovery led to a mammography technologist training program as a quality improvement intervention. Methods: The Chicago Breast Cancer Quality Consortium contracted with Louise Miller, AART, CRT, and RTRM to lead a Breast Imaging Boot Camp and partnered with 4 hospitals to carry out the training. There were three components of the boot camp: a 1-day seminar for all mammography technologists, 1 day of hands on training for a limited number of techs and a train the trainer component where selected techs went through a 3-day intensive program with the goal of preparing them to provide ongoing education to the Chicago mam-tech community. A preliminary tool was developed and used randomly by radiologists during the training to examine the amount of tissue in the image from one year to the next, the presence or absence of an Inter-mammary fold and cleavage. Results: More than 120 radiology technologists attended a day-long seminar, 10 received hands on training, 4 of the 10 were trained to be future trainers. Participants rated their overall impression of the day-long seminar between 4 and 5 on a 5-point scale. During the hands-on training, radiologists assessing the images commented on significant improvements in image quality from the previous year’s mammogram. A quantitative evaluation process has been developed to examine the efficacy of the training and measure impact on mammography quality. This evaluation involves a 3 month and 1-year assessment that will take place in September of 2012 and again in May of 2013. Results of first evaluation will be available for presentation. Conclusions: Results from the evaluation will help review effectiveness of technologists post-training techniques and identify areas to improve.
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Henriksen, N. "Completion of field work for the 1:500 000 mapping and regional geological studies in central and western North Greenland." Rapport Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 130 (December 31, 1986): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.34194/rapggu.v130.7935.
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Field activities comprising the second, and final season of the systematic field mapping programme in central and western North Greenland were carried out from June to August 1985. The field investigations were concluded for the 1:500000 map sheet of the area between J. P. Koch Fjord (c. 400 W), in the east, and north-easternmost Washington Land (65°W) in the west; the southern boundary of the map sheet is 81°N (fig. 1). General geological investigations forrned an integral part of the mapping programme. A special source rock project, financed by the Danish Ministry of Energy, was fully integrated with the mapping programme (Christiansen et al., this report). As in 1984 a tent base camp in south-eastern Warming Land served as an operation centre for the expedition. Two chartered Jet Ranger helicopters and a Twin Otter aircraft were based here, and served the expedition groups with transport facilities throughout the season. Mobilisation and demobilisation of the expedition from Denmark were carried out with help from the Royal Danish Air Force, who airlifted the expedition to and from the Canadian Forces Station (CFS) Alert in north-east Ellesmere Island, Canada. Personnel, equipment and fuel were flown into the base camp from Alert with the Twin Otter. The expedition group numbered 40, comprising 12 two-man geological parties, a fourman drilling team and 12 supporting personnel, including aircraft crew members. As in 1984, the operation area extended about 500 km from east to west, and 150-200 km from south to north. The 12 geological teams and the drilling team utilised about 130 camp sites. At the end of the 1985 season, the temporary huts and tents at base camp were dismantled and, together with all the equipment, were taken back to Denmark. Fuel depots and equipment in other parts of the working area, which is part of the North and East Greenland National Park, were also removed.
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Кунцевич, Евгения, Evgeniya Kuntsevich, Валентин Морозов, and Valentin Morozov. "On the formation of caravan tours within the framework of adaptive tourism." Services in Russia and abroad 10, no. 1 (May 16, 2016): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/19176.
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The article discusses the relevance of the development of tourism for people with
disabilities and highlights the issue of potential and relevance of the organization of the caravan
tours as part of adaptive tourism in Russia. The authors point out the positive results of the
development of the tourist destination, and also list the main shortcomings and constraining
factors of realization caravanning in the country. The authors have conducted "pilot" survey
among tourists with special needs and summed it up. The research results demonstrate
perceptivity of development of caravan tours for people with disabilities. But it is a great work
must be done to this kind of trailering became popular. First of all it is necessary to adapt the infrastructure of tourist sites for specific requirements of customer with disabilities (lifts,
handrails, ramps, wide doorways, special sanitary zones for wheelchair users, adapted furniture,
etc.), special attention should be paid to camp organization parking (specialized sanitary
facilities, recreational facilities, catering places, etc.). Development of a socially oriented tourist
destination, where the client could be provided with the convenience and security, as well as the
considerate treatment of staff (hospitality workers, medical and social services and transport
services) during the entire trip, is very important for the organization of tours for people with
special needs.
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Nesbitt, Robin C., Vincent Kinya Asilaza, Etienne Gignoux, Aybüke Koyuncu, Priscillah Gitahi, Patrick Nkemenang, Jetske Duncker, et al. "Vaccination coverage and adverse events following a reactive vaccination campaign against hepatitis E in Bentiu displaced persons camp, South Sudan." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 18, no. 1 (January 22, 2024): e0011661. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011661.
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Introduction Hepatitis E (HEV) genotypes 1 and 2 are the common cause of jaundice and acute viral hepatitis that can cause large-scale outbreaks. HEV infection is associated with adverse fetal outcomes and case fatality risks up to 31% among pregnant women. An efficacious three-dose recombinant vaccine (Hecolin) has been licensed in China since 2011 but until 2022, had not been used for outbreak response despite a 2015 WHO recommendation. The first ever mass vaccination campaign against hepatitis E in response to an outbreak was implemented in 2022 in Bentiu internally displaced persons camp in South Sudan targeting 27,000 residents 16–40 years old, including pregnant women. Methods We conducted a vaccination coverage survey using simple random sampling from a sampling frame of all camp shelters following the third round of vaccination. For survey participants vaccinated in the third round in October, we asked about the onset of symptoms experienced within 72 hours of vaccination. During each of the three vaccination rounds, passive surveillance of adverse events following immunisation (AEFI) was put in place at vaccination sites and health facilities in Bentiu IDP camp. Results We surveyed 1,599 individuals and found that self-reported coverage with one or more dose was 86% (95% CI 84–88%), 73% (95% CI 70–75%) with two or more doses and 58% (95% CI 55–61%) with three doses. Vaccination coverage did not differ significantly by sex or age group. We found no significant difference in coverage of at least one dose between pregnant and non-pregnant women, although coverage of at least two and three doses was 8 and 14 percentage points lower in pregnant women. The most common reasons for non-vaccination were temporary absence or unavailability, reported by 60% of unvaccinated people. Passive AEFI surveillance captured few mild AEFI, and through the survey we found that 91 (7.6%) of the 1,195 individuals reporting to have been vaccinated in October 2022 reported new symptoms starting within 72 hours after vaccination, most commonly fever, headache or fatigue. Conclusions We found a high coverage of at least one dose of the Hecolin vaccine following three rounds of vaccination, and no severe AEFI. The vaccine was well accepted and well tolerated in the Bentiu IDP camp community and should be considered for use in future outbreak response.
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Dragoman, Radu-Alexandru, Sorin Oanţă-Marghitu, Cătălin I. Nicolae, and Mihai-Ştefan Florea. "Cercetări arheologice în fosta colonie de muncă forţată din perioada comunistă de la Peninsula, canalul Dunăre – Marea Neagră / Archaeological excavations in the former communist forced-labour camp from Peninsula, the Danube – Black Sea canal." Materiale şi cercetãri arheologice (Serie nouã) 19, no. 1 (2023): 217–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/mcarh.2023.2309.
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Despite the fact that Peninsula occupies an important place in the memorial literature and historical works regarding the political repression in communist Romania, the materiality of this forced labour colony on the trail of the Danube ‒ Black Sea Canal has been neglected both by archaeological research and by the institutions responsible for memory and heritage protection policies. In order to redress this situation, in the fall of 2020, the first archaeological surveys were carried out at Peninsula, with the following objectives : to draw a general plan of the site ; to make a repertory and detailed description of constructions and facilities (buildings, cement platforms, water tanks, concrete structures) ; to identify those structures which, by their construction elements, can be dated in the 1950s ; to identify, map and document the material traces associated with the working sites of the former forced labour colony ; to document the cemeteries where, according to testimonies, political prisoners from Peninsula were buried. The present archaeological analysis goes beyond the legal distinctions (“ political prisoners”, “ common law prisoners”) and historical chronologies with which the dominant narratives regarding the communist period operate (“ first Canal”, “ second Canal” ; communism, post‑communism) and reveals another kind of memory – of the marginal, of the anonymous and abandoned, of those forgotten, at a given moment, by history. From this perspective, the ruins at Peninsula are relevant not only for understanding communist repression, but also for understanding the mechanisms of social marginalization which are perpetuated to this day.
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Reher, Charles. "The 1998 University of Wyoming/Grand Teton National Park Cooperative Archaeology Program." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 24 (January 1, 2000): 72–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.2000.3423.
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As of this writing we have completed the third year of a cooperative UW/GTNP archaeological project, with 1998 being the first season. The primary purpose here is to provide a brief overview of some of the accomplishments of that first field season. This basic "UW/NPS Research Center Annual Report" format then will have two more installments for 1999 and 2000. More attention is given in this first report to background such as the history of archaeological research in Grand Teton National Park, while subsequent reports will emphasize other types of information. No attempt is made here to provide detailed discussions of field methods, project environmental settings, or individual sites, features, and artifacts. Such description would be standard in some archaeological reporting formats, but much more detailed discussions, and more synthesis of regional prehistory, is being assembled in a series of project specific compliance reports, conference papers, seminar papers, a graduate student thesis, and journal articles. The possibility of a cooperative University of Wyoming/Grand Teton National Park venture was first proposed by Robert Schiller, Director of the Science and Resource Management Division at Grand Teton. It was apparent that a series of mutual benefits could result, where University archaeologists would aid the Park with its increasing number of federally-mandated compliance projects while at the same time providing student training and employment opportunities. In addition, nearly 400 sites had been located in Grand Teton National Park and the adjacent Rockefeller Parkway at that time, but very little current information was available for many of them and modem reÂevaluations were needed. At the same time, these various "applied research" compliance surveys and site revisit projects could contribute to broader theoretical frameworks relevant to our research throughout the region. The investigation of prehistoric settlement patterns and other aspects of landscape utilization is enhanced even by basic surface evidence, for example. The 1998 UW/GTNP CAP crew included the writer, UW Anthropology graduate students Alan Bartholomew and Mike Peterson, and volunteer archaeologist Jill Anderson. All work in Grand Teton has been coordinated with Park Historian Mike Johnson and USFS/GTNP Archaeologist Merry Haydon. Dave Hammond with the GTNP GPS unit and several other individuals aided with our projects. Yellowstone National Park Archaeologist Ann Johnson provided needed advice and materials on several occasions. All of our work was only possible because of the availability of the AMK Science Camp facilities, and the hospitality provided there by Hank and Mary Ann Harlow and their staff.
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Dalgarn, Melinda K. "The Role of the Campus Recreation Center in Creating a Community." Recreational Sports Journal 25, no. 1 (May 2001): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/nirsa.25.1.66.
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The Student Recreation Center provides a state-of-the-art facility and a comprehensive recreation program for students, faculty, staff, alumni, and spouses. It aids in the education and development of the whole person and serves as a place of employment for students. More than just a place to exercise, the recreation center also serves as a venue for education: users develop positive self-esteem, enhance their social relationships, and improve their interpersonal skills. The recreation center provides a unique site for programs and activities aimed at meeting the needs, interests, and expectations of a diverse community. Opportunities for interaction, collaboration, and unification are essential if campuses are to develop a sense of community. Reports from the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching and the Wingspread Group on Higher Education serve to challenge university administrators in their struggle to create a sense of community. In as much as campus recreation centers have the capacity to engage members of the campus community in exciting, creative, and unique experiences they can provide the means to attract diverse populations. Often open 16–18 hours each day, there is no other single facility on a college campus that can provide as many varied activities with such wide appeal. Conventional programs such as intramurals, sport clubs and aerobics programs serve individuals in a variety of sports and recreational activities from basketball to scuba diving. Wellness programs offer health and educational services and outdoors recreation programs provide opportunities to develop skills for life-long enjoyment. Student recreation centers can serve as sites for day camp programs for children. Community members at large receive passes at nominal fees when student enrollment declines during the summer months. Recreation centers provide opportunities for students to interact with one another, as well as other sectors of the community. Research shows that this aids in both recruitment and retention. University administrators must continue their efforts to foster student learning and personal development. Student recreation centers can contribute significantly to that end by providing the facilities, programs, services and personnel to help meet those challenges.
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Guo, Cong, and Huan-Xiang Zhou. "Unidirectional allostery in the regulatory subunit RIα facilitates efficient deactivation of protein kinase A." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 44 (October 17, 2016): E6776—E6785. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1610142113.
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The holoenzyme complex of protein kinase A is in an inactive state; activation involves ordered cAMP binding to two tandem domains of the regulatory subunit and release of the catalytic subunit. Deactivation has been less studied, during which the two cAMPs unbind from the regulatory subunit to allow association of the catalytic subunit to reform the holoenzyme complex. Unbinding of the cAMPs appears ordered as indicated by a large difference in unbinding rates from the two sites, but the cause has remained elusive given the structural similarity of the two tandem domains. Even more intriguingly, NMR data show that allosteric communication between the two domains is unidirectional. Here, we present a mechanism for the unidirectionality, developed from extensive molecular dynamics simulations of the tandem domains in different cAMP-bound forms. Disparate responses to cAMP releases from the two sites (A and B) in conformational flexibility and chemical shift perturbation confirmed unidirectional allosteric communication. Community analysis revealed that the A-site cAMP, by forming across-domain interactions, bridges an essential pathway for interdomain communication. The pathway is impaired when this cAMP is removed but remains intact when only the B-site cAMP is removed. Specifically, removal of the A-site cAMP leads to the separation of the two domains, creating room for binding the catalytic subunit. Moreover, the A-site cAMP, by maintaining interdomain coupling, retards the unbinding of the B-site cAMP and stalls an unproductive pathway of cAMP release. Our work expands the perspective on allostery and implicates functional importance for the directionality of allostery.
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TABAKAEVA, Evgeniya, Alexander DUNETS, and Oleg Akimov. "Low-mountain territories of Bolshaya Belokurikha: tourism design based on the recreation opportunity spectrum." Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories 15, no. 1 (March 30, 2023): 182–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2023-15-1-182-196.
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Introduction. Bolshaya Belokurikha is a dynamically developing tourist destination in the low mountains of the Altai Territory with a sufficient number of underdeveloped territories near the resort town of Belokurikha. The article shows the application of a territory management system based on the recreation opportunity spectrum for the design of the developing territories of Bolshaya Belokurikha. The purpose of the study is to classify the tourist areas of Bolshaya Belokurikha in accordance with the recreation opportunity spectrum and develop recommendations for their design. Materials and methods. The study included the following stages: 1) analysis of the existing use of territories, 2) defining of opportunity setting factors (controlled factors), 3) description of the potential recreation opportunity spectrum with specific values of factors for each class of territory, 4) typification of the territories of Bolshaya Belokurikha in accordance with the characterized spectrum classes, 5) comparison of the planned classes with the current state of the territories and the formulation of design recommendations. The following methods were used to collect data: observation, analysis of secondary data, non-standardized survey of experts from the scientific and business communities in the field of tourism in the form of interviews with open-end questions. At the data processing stage, general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, and classification were used. As opportunity setting factors (controlled factors), we chose the frequency of encounters with other visitors, the density of buildings and infrastructure, the type of accommodation facilities, the number of service facilities, the type of access to the territory (development of the transport and route network and its quality). Results. The potential recreation opportunity spectrum of Bolshaya Belokurikha includes 8 classes of territories that can satisfy the different needs of visitors: urban territory (obtaining the widest possible range of services in the most comfortable conditions), rural areas (rest from the bustle of the city in comfortable conditions, eco-food, immersion in rural life), motorized sightseeing (quick access to nature in relatively comfortable conditions), a pedestrian zone (short walks along specially equipped health trails near the urban area), semi-primitive motorized territory (active secluded outdoor recreation in comfortable conditions with the possibility of moving on ATVs, bicycles, etc.), hiking zone (solitary short-term (1-3 days) recreation in comfortable conditions, light hiking with overnight stays at camp sites, in glampings, etc.), backcountry (trekking) zone (solitary recreation in training conditions, long hiking with overnight stays in tents in designated places), primitive territory (full immersion in nature with a high level of risk and difficulty). Discussion. Taking into account current trends in demand, the most attention in terms of design in Bolshaya Belokurikha is currently required by the semi-primitive motorized zone and the hiking zone: it is necessary to create accommodation facilities, equip existing routes and design new ones in accordance with the standards defined for each class of territory. Conclusion. The analysis of the existing use of tourist areas within Bolshaya Belokurikha showed that over time, the structure of the tourist space becomes more complex and the transition from point development to area development takes place. The conditions for the development of the tourist territories of Bolshaya Belokurikha as a whole tourist complex and its competitiveness on the basis of the implementation of recreation opportunity spectrum are determined. Resume. 1. The potential recreation opportunity spectrum in the tourist areas of Bolshaya Belokurikha is described in the form of standards for 8 classes of territories. 2. Types of recreational opportunities that require priority development are identified, objects for design are proposed. Suggestions for practical application and direction for future research. The results of the research can be useful in the development of spatial planning schemes for municipal districts and master plans for tourist areas in Bolshaya Belokurikha, as well as in the development of a methodological base for designing tourist areas. Further research can be aimed at conducting a detailed functional zoning of tourist areas in Bolshaya Belokurikha, taking into account the identified recreation opportunitу spectrum.
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Stier, William F., Robert C. Schneider, Steve Kampf, Greg E. Wilding, and Scott Haines. "The Financial and Facility Status of Campus Recreation Programs at NIRSA Colleges and Universities." Recreational Sports Journal 29, no. 2 (November 2005): 127–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/rsj.29.2.127.
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Directors of campus recreation at NIRSA colleges and universities in the US and Canada were surveyed to determine: (a) the number of schools that have built, within the preceding three years, major indoor as well as major outdoor campus recreation facilities and the number of institutions planning to do so within the next three years; (b) the usage and scheduling priorities covering all campus recreation facilities; (c) the sources of funding for the construction of these major facilities and sites; and (d) the sources of funding for operational activities for campus recreation. The data were analyzed in terms of school size, location, and whether public or private in nature. The findings revealed that 56% of the institutions surveyed had either recently built new major indoor student recreation centers or were planning to do so, within the next three years. In terms of major outdoor facilities or sites, the percentage was 41%. The majority of construction funds for indoor and outdoor facilities/sites as well as operational funds for programs and activities came from future student fees at most of the public schools. Typically, private schools had the majority of their monies for both indoor and outdoor facilities emanating from private sources while the majority of operating costs was covered through the general fund of the institutions. The sharing of facilities continues with both physical education and with athletics; and, the directors of campus recreation, generally speaking, felt comfortable with such arrangements, even when such arrangements include having athletic and physical education activities take precedence in usage over those of campus recreation.
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Hoffman, Beatrix. "Immigrant Sanctuary or Danger." Migration and Society 4, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 62–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/arms.2021.040107.
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Hospitals have for centuries been considered safe havens for immigrants and people on the move. However, immigrants and migrants who seek health care have also been targeted for exclusion and deportation. This article discusses the history of how hospitals and health care facilities in the United States have acted both as sanctuaries and as sites of immigration enforcement. This debate came to a head in California in the 1970s, when conservatives began attacking local public health facilities’ informal sanctuary practices. Following the California battles, which culminated in Proposition 187 in 1994, immigrant rights movements have increasingly connected calls for sanctuary with demands for a right to health care.
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Diviani, D., and J. D. Scott. "AKAP signaling complexes at the cytoskeleton." Journal of Cell Science 114, no. 8 (April 15, 2001): 1431–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.114.8.1431.
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Targeting of protein kinases and phosphatases to the cytoskeleton enhances the regulation of signal transduction events. The assembly of cytoskeletal signaling complexes facilitates the relay of messages from membrane receptors to specific sites on the actin cytoskeleton. These signals influence fundamental cell properties, such as shape, movement and division. Targeting of the cAMP-dependent kinase (PKA) to the cytoskeleton is achieved through interaction with A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs). AKAPs maintain multivalent signaling complexes by binding additional enzymes, including kinases and phosphatases.
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Kiniorska, Iwona, Patryk Brambert, and Urszula Tłuczkiewicz. "Urban Cultural Heritage in the Digital Space." Journal of Geography, Politics and Society 13, no. 2 (September 29, 2023): 13–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.26881/jpgs.2023.2.02.
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The aim of the study was to identify ways of digitalising specific cultural heritage sites in the space of six selected Polish cities: Białystok, Bydgoszcz, Gdynia, Kielce, Olsztyn and Rzeszów. The data used in the analysis came from four types of online sources. Firstly, these were the official websites of the 18 sites under study, existing in the 2022. Another source of information was the tourist review portal Tripadvisor. In addition, information from popular promotional platforms and social networks was taken into account. The study used techniques applied for existing materials analysis, as well as the following methods: analytical, descriptive, internet query, statistical and graphical. An own zero-one rating system was applied, assigned to six categories of assessment of the digitalisation level of the sites. Among the analysed cities, the best results as to the level of digitalisation were obtained by the facilities located in Kielce, Rzeszów and Bydgoszcz, respectively.
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SIDDIQUE, A. K., G. B. NAIR, M. ALAM, D. A. SACK, A. HUQ, A. NIZAM, I. M. LONGINI, et al. "El Tor cholera with severe disease: a new threat to Asia and beyond." Epidemiology and Infection 138, no. 3 (August 14, 2009): 347–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268809990550.
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SUMMARYDuring epidemics of cholera in two rural sites (Bakerganj and Mathbaria), a much higher proportion of patients came for treatment with severe dehydration than was seen in previous years. V. cholerae O1 isolated from these patients was found to be El Tor in its phenotype, but its cholera toxin (CT) was determined to be that of classical biotype. Whether the observed higher proportion of severe dehydration produced by the El Tor biotype was due to a shift from El Tor to classical CT or due to other factors is not clear. However, if cholera due to strains with increased severity spread to other areas where treatment facilities are limited, there are likely to be many more cholera deaths.
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Su, Hua, Minguang Chen, Jeff M. Sands, and Guangping Chen. "Activation of the cAMP/PKA pathway induces UT-A1 urea transporter monoubiquitination and targets it for lysosomal degradation." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 305, no. 12 (December 15, 2013): F1775—F1782. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00393.2013.
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Regulation of urea transporter UT-A1 in the kidney is important for the urinary concentrating mechanism. We previously reported that activation of the cAMP/PKA pathway by forskolin (FSK) leads to UT-A1 ubiquitination, endocytosis, and degradation. In this study, we discovered that FSK-induced UT-A1 ubiquitination is monoubiquitination as judged by immunoblotting with specific ubiquitin antibodies to the different linkages of the ubiquitin chain. UT-A1 monoubiquitination induced by FSK was processed mainly on the cell plasma membrane. Monoubiquitination facilitates UT-A1 endocytosis, and internalized UT-A1 is accumulated in the early endosome. Inhibition of ubiquitination by E1 ubiquitin-activating enzyme inhibitor PYR-41 significantly reduced FSK-induced UT-A1 endocytosis and degradation. Interestingly, FSK-stimulated UT-A1 degradation occurs through a lysosomal protein degradation system. We further found that the PKA phosphorylation sites of UT-A1 at Ser486 and Ser499 are required for FSK-induced UT-A1 monoubiquitination. The physiological significance was confirmed using rat kidney inner medullary collecting duct suspensions, which showed that vasopressin treatment promotes UT-A1 ubiquitination. We conclude that unlike under basal conditions in which UT-A1 is subject to polyubiquitination and proteasome-mediated protein degradation, activation of UT-A1 by FSK induces UT-A1 monoubiquitination and protein lysosomal degradation.
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Phaholthep, Charanya, Antika Sawadsri, and Thirawut Bunyasakseri. "Evidence-Based Research on Barriers and Physical Limitations in Hospital Public Zones Regarding the Universal Design Approach." Asian Social Science 13, no. 4 (March 24, 2017): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v13n4p133.
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The hospital is a public building which has the primary duty to provide services to everyone. So far, it is necessary to take into consideration the principle of Universal Design (UD) in responding to the behavior of users, particularly, persons with disabilities. This research focused on 2 main issues, (1) the physical features of the public areas for measurement and collection regarding to the style, size and location of facilities, and whether they meet the requirement and/or appropriate for people with disabilities, and (2) behavior of users with disabilities in accessing spaces and service facilities in the hospital public zones, focusing on the involvement between activities, behaviors and problems which occur. This research used empirical method to assess and evaluate the physical features by the process of Post Occupancy Evaluation, (POE), using 2 evaluation methods, 1) survey/observation (Cognitive walkthrough) and 2) scenario access audit methods. In detail, the survey/observation focused on the obstacles within a physical environment that affect space and service activities regarding people with different types of disabilities. Identifying the obstructions in public functions and health care facilities was implemented by a group of design specialists. On the other hand, the scenario access audit process was operated by determining the level of accessibility and the real patient flow of patients with disabilities on-sites and spaces in public zones. Therefore, this research speculated on all problems and came up with the design guidelines to improve the physical features of public zones in responding to the usability of the service facilities under the UD approach.
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Vis, Aaron. "A glance behind and a look ahead: history and future of a regional biosolids authority." Water Practice and Technology 11, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 574–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2016.061.
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Regional utility, water or wastewater partnerships have existed for many years with varying degrees of success. In the early 2000's, leaders from two west Michigan communities came together with the idea of forming a regional biosolids program. Drivers for this effort primarily included increasing costs of existing programs, loss of land application sites, and age/condition of existing facilities. A project team was formed, a consultant was hired, and by 2004 the Cities of Grand Rapids and Wyoming formally signed the Articles of Incorporation forming the Grand Valley Regional Biosolids Authority (GVRBA). In 2009, a regional dewatering facility became operational. The economic downturn of 2007–2011 resulted in significant deviance from projected volume and costs, yet each community remains committed to the GVRBA and has recently begun incorporating the concept of sustainability into the program. The history, key drivers, benefits, disadvantages, and future of the GVRBA are further explored in this paper.
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Clark, Carol, Pat Stephens Williams, Michael Legg, and Ray Darville. "Visitor Responses to Interpretation at Historic Kingsley Plantation." Journal of Interpretation Research 16, no. 2 (November 2011): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109258721101600203.
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A visitor survey was conducted at Kingsley Plantation to establish a baseline on visitor response to interpretation pertaining to slavery, the facilities available, and to determine the demographics of the visitors. A response rate of 71 percent indicated that walking about the site was the most preferred activity, and life stories of the people of the plantation were of most interest. Approximately 70 percent of respondents experienced intellectual and emotional responses to the park and its resources, and 90 percent found relevance in the topics presented at the park. Differences in results were most commonly based on race or age. White/Caucasian and Black/African-American visitors came to the park in different group types, and had different goals and responses than other racial groups to the site and its resources. The study and results provide opportunities for managers of similar sites dealing with uncomfortable issues to apply what was learned here.
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Nyoko, Antonio E. L., Ronald P. C. Fanggidae, and Paulus L. Blikololong. "Driving and Inhibiting Factors to Tourist Interest in Visiting Lamalera." Jurnal Studi Perhotelan dan Pariwisata 1, no. 2 (June 20, 2023): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.35912/jspp.v1i2.2216.
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Purpose: This study aims to identify and examine the drivers that increase tourist interest in visiting Lamalera village as well as the inhibiting factors that discourage tourist interest in visiting Lamalera village.
Methodology: The data collection procedures used in this study include observation and interview of local and foreign visitors who came to see the whaling tradition (Kotekelema) in the fishing village of Lamalera, Wulandoni sub-district.
Result: This study concluded that the drivers of visitors' interest in Lamalera are the allure of whaling culture, the availability of transportation to tourist sites, and the amenities such as houses of worship and health care facilities. The inhibiting factors to the interest of visiting tourists in Lamalera are the unavailability of additional tourist attractions in addition to whaling culture in this place, the accessibility issue concerns very long travel routes, bad road conditions, poor network conditions, and access to insufficient information regarding Lamalera cultural tourist objects, the absence of prayer rooms, restaurants, public restrooms, souvenir stores, diving equipment, and the hospitality component of tourist services, which is deemed inadequate.
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Haki, Ubay. "PENGEMBANGAN WISATA RELIGI SYEKH NAWAWI AL-BANTANI SEBAGAI UPAYA MENSEJAHTERAKAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT DI KECAMATAN TANARA KABUPATEN SERANG." Jurnal Bina Bangsa Ekonomika 15, no. 2 (August 8, 2022): 587–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.46306/jbbe.v15i2.202.
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Banten Province is already famous for its history, especially Islamic historical relics, artifacts, sites, mosques, petilasan and tombs, are forms of historical heritage that can be developed into one of the national tourist destinations. One type of tourism that is now developing is religious tourism. Serang Regency is known as the Santri area, in this case the Tanara Subdistrict, which is part of the Serang Regency area. There are relics of the great cleric of the archipelago, Sheikh Nawawi Al-Bantani, artifacts, petilasan and tombs of scholars and old mosques that have historical value. The tombs of the clerics and historic mosques were visited by pilgrims who not only came from the Banten area but also came from various regions from the islands of Java and Sumatra. In an effort to develop the potential of existing religious tourism, it is deemed necessary to conduct a study related to the development of religious tourism in Tanara District. The aims of this study are: (1) to analyze the distribution of religious-based tourism objects that can be developed as religious tourism objects; (2) Analyzing the problems and constraints faced related to the development of existing religious tourism based on; (3) Establish recommendations/policy strategies that need to be taken in the development of religious tourism in Tanara District. This research is a descriptive qualitative type with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews with informants who have been selected based on their competence to knowledge of religious locations in Tanara. The results showed that there were 15 religious tours in Tanara District. The obstacles faced are related to facilities and infrastructure, the weak carrying capacity of local resources for the existence of tourist objects, and the lack of tourism marketing with religious themes. To overcome these obstacles, the strategies that can be carried out are the development of tourism facilities and infrastructure, the development of local resources, and the development of marketing
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Njeru S.O. Adoka, S. K., and Dan Onguru s. "EVALUATION OF THE DETERMINANTS OF CLINICAL MEDICINE TRAINING OUTCOMES IN WESTERN KENYA." EPH - International Journal of Medical and Health Science 4, no. 4 (October 2, 2018): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/eijmhs.v4i4.48.
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Study Objective: To analyze the learner – lecturer / instructor interaction process within the context of theory learned during training put into clinical / medical practice. This was in order to generate limitation in both the teaching institutions that address Clinical Medicine training outcomes.
Study Design: Across- sectional study
Study Setting: This study was carried out in Lake Basin Region of Kenya. The area includes Kisumu and its surrounding counties of Vihiga and Nandi.
Study Subjects / Participants: Sixty six (66) Clinical Medicine students from various MTIs in Lake Basin Region of Kenya, 58 health workers, 3 heads of departments from KMTCs, and 5 heads of departments in the clinical placement sites that was visited for this study and 4 lecturers of MTIs.
Study Results: Analysis from observations of student / lecturer / infrastructure / leadership / linkage engagements were obvious and more so the absence of libraries in all RHTCs. In both the county Hospital and the referral Hospital (JOOTRH) there were libraries which were inaccessible to Clinical Medicine students. There were linkages and networking processes in all the training health facilities that were used as clinical placement sites. This was evident in the many students who were present from different MTIs in Kenya. Students for clinical placements came from all MTIs in Kenya among who were all KMTCs, GLUK, Uzima University College, Mt Kenya University, Moi University and others. There were evident interactions in many ways both academically and socially, and with the presence of ICT services, these students were linked together nationally regionally and internationally
Study Conclusion: This study therefore provides a tool to guide MTIs and clinical placement sites in Kenya on the best practice in linking theory based learning with clinical practice in achieving quality, competent, effective, and efficient Clinical Medicine training outcomes.
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Patil, Anuj, Anklesh Patil, and Jivan Devhare. "Cyberbullying Detection in social media Using Supervised ML & NLP Techniques." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 8 (August 31, 2022): 469–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.46219.
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Abstract: From the day internet came into existence, the era of social networking sprouted. In the beginning, no one may have thought the internet would be a host of numerous amazing services the social networking. Today we can say that online applications and social networking websites have become a non-separable part of one’s life. Many people from diverse age groups spend hours daily on such websites. Despite thoughtlet is emotionally connected through media, these facilities bring along big threats with them such as cyber-attacks, which includes include lying. As social networking sites are increasing, cyberbullying is increasing day by day. To identify word similarities in the tweets made by bullies and make use of machine learning and can develop an ML model that automatically detects social media bullying actions. However, many social media bullying detection techniques have been implemented, but many of them were textual based. Under this background and motivation, it can help to prevent the happen of cyberbullying if we can develop relevant techniques to discover cyberbullying in social media. A machine learning model is proposed to detect and prevent bullying on Twitter. Naïve Bayes is used for training and testing social media bullying content.
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Pratomo, Gigih, and Robertus Aprilianus Bambang Mide. "Dampak Ekonomi Keberadaan Sektor Wisata Air Panas Mengeruda Terhadap Perekonomian Masyarakat di Desa Mengeruda Kecamatan So’a Kabupaten Ngada Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur." Economie: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi 5, no. 2 (January 31, 2024): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.30742/economie.v5i2.3591.
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This research aims to analyze the impact of the existence of the Mengeruda Hot Springs tourism sector on the community's economic income. The tourism sector requires a strategy with a planned tourism development pattern so that its potential can be developed as optimally as possible in advancing the tourism sector both at regional and national levels, namely as a driving force and then giving authority to the Ngada district regional Culture and Tourism Office in determining tourism development strategies. The data obtained came from observations and interviews with informants. The data used comes from qualitative data. Data analysis was carried out using a qualitative descriptive method in the form of a summary of the results of interviews between researchers and informants. Based on the results of research and discussion on the economic impact of the existence of the Mengeruda Hot Spring Tourism Sec-tor on the community's economy, including increased economic activities due to the construc-tion of tourist site facilities and infrastructure, increased agricultural output for hotel and res-taurant needs around tourist sites, increased visitors as tourists, increased community income, job creation for the surrounding community, increased restribution income.
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Vanleeuw, Lieve, Salla Atkins, Wanga Zembe-Mkabile, and Marian Loveday. "Provider perspectives of the introduction and implementation of care for drug-resistant tuberculosis patients in district-level facilities in South Africa: a qualitative study." BMJ Open 10, no. 2 (February 2020): e032591. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032591.
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ObjectivesDrug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a growing concern in many low-income and middle-income countries. Facing rising numbers of DR-TB patients, South Africa (SA) introduced a decentralised model of care for DR-TB in 2011. We aimed to document the introduction and implementation of the new models of care for patients with DR-TB in four provinces (Northern Cape, KwaZulu-Natal, Eastern Cape and Gauteng) in 2015 using mixed methods, including interviews, register reviews and clinical audits. This paper reports on the qualitative component of the study.DesignThis is a qualitative interview study.SettingData were collected in 22 decentralised DR-TB sites, primary healthcare facilities and district hospitals and one provincial central DR-TB hospital.Participants58 healthcare workers (HCWs), facility staff and provincial and district TB coordinators were included in qualitative interviews.ResultsHCWs felt that the introduction of DR-TB care in their facility came with little warning or engagement, creating fear and anxiety. They expressed a need for support from the district and province to guide them through the changes but this support was often lacking. In addition, many respondents expressed feeling isolated and not supported by other healthcare providers which they feel impacts on the quality of the care they provide.ConclusionIntroduction of a new service such as DR-TB care can be difficult and does not always result in the intended outcomes. Improved engagement with front-line providers and addressing the fear and anxiety that may be raised by changes in daily practices should be addressed to ensure successful implementation and prevent negative consequences that can hamper quality of care for patients. Attention should be paid to how the decentralised DR-TB unit can be supported by district management and other healthcare providers.
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Dawson, Carrie. "In Plain Sight: Documenting Immigration Detention in Canada." Migration, Mobility, & Displacement 2, no. 2 (October 3, 2016): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/mmd22201615451.
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In December 2013, Lucia Jimenez was caught paying less than the full fare for a public transit ticket. An undocumented Mexican national, Jimenez was taken into custody by the Canadian Border Services Agency. She hanged herself shortly thereafter. Following Jimenez’s death, a friend argued, “Lucia ended up being a ghost here.” Like so many non-status migrants for whom banal daily rituals—like accessing public transit—are dangerous, Jimenez practiced a necessary invisibility. But it wasn’t until her undocumented status came to light that she really disappeared: she entered the state’s “apparatus of disappearance, and vanished in plain sight” (Nield). Given the technologies of surveillance at work in detention facilities, it seems counterintuitive to constitute them as places where one can vanish, but such is the case in Canada, where there is no upper limit on the length of immigration detention. Tings Chak takes up these issues in her 2015 graphic essay, Undocumented: the Architecture of Migrant Detention, arguing that there is a pressing need “to make visible the sites and stories of detention.” With attention to Chak’s book and to the circumstances surrounding Jimenez’s death, this essay takes up the call to instigate a public conversation about immigration detention in Canada.
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Collado, Zaldy C., and Noella May-i. G. Orozco. "From displacement to resettlement: how current policies shape eviction narratives among urban poor in the Philippines." Housing, Care and Support 23, no. 2 (June 29, 2020): 49–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/hcs-01-2019-0001.
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Purpose This study aims to examine the experiences of urban poor relocatees in their resettlement communities, specifically those who were relocated from the Caloocan, Malabon, Navotas, Valenzuela and Quezon City areas to the province of Bulacan, Philippines. This study hopes to convey the importance of revisiting the law on socialized housing in the Philippines. Design/methodology/approach This study gathered qualitative data through 2 focus group discussions among 28 participants who came from 3 resettlement sites in San Jose del Monte City, Bulacan Province, Philippines. The resettlement areas are owned and managed by the National Housing Authority of the Philippine Government. Findings Results show that resettlement experiences are stories of survival under impoverished conditions. Lack of housing facilities or poorly built units characterize their relocation experience aside from having no immediate access to basic utilities such as electricity and water, despite a law that supposedly secures these rights to relocatees. The expensive cost of transportation and the lack of livelihood also heavily strain the lives of the relocated population. Originality/value This study illustrates that involuntary displacement predicts poor living conditions upon resettlement. This study is an inquiry not only of existing conditions of socialized housing in resettlement areas but also past realities of these housing communities at the onset of the displacees’ relocation.
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Tarasenko, I. H. "THE HISTORY OF THE STUDY OF STEPPE ENEOLITHIC IN SOUTHERN UKRAINE (based on the materials of saving expeditions 1950s―1990s)." Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine 46, no. 1 (May 22, 2023): 233–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2023.01.15.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to the activities of the saving expeditions of the Institute of Archaeology of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR between the Southern Bug and Molochna rivers, where in the the significant melioration facilities have been constructed. The expeditions have discovered important material from the Eneolithic era, which significantly expanded the source base for its study.
During the long period of 1950―1990s, 178 Eneolithic burial mounds, three settlements and several sites were discovered. In the mid-1950s and 1960s, in particular, on the basis of saving expeditions’ materials the attempts to find out the cultural and chronological affiliation of the steppe Eneolithic sites have been made (researches by O. F. Lagodovska, V. M. Danylenko, O. H. Shaposhnykova, D. Ya. Telegin, etc.). Since the 1970s the first cultural and chronological models appeared, which also involved the Eneolithic material from excavations of the saving expeditions (the works of D. Ya. Telegin, V. M. Danylenko, O. H. Shaposhnykova). The Eneolithic material of the late 1960s―1990s came from barrow burials which significantly expanded the possibilities of researchers constructing the cultural-chronological models. From the late 1970s to the 1990s, the main discussions related to the steppe Eneolithic were initiated in the archaeological scientific community, most of which are actual up today. The basis for this was, in particular, materials obtained by saving expeditions of the South of Ukraine.
Based on Yu. Ya. Rassamakin’s cultural and chronological model of the steppe Eneolithic we can state that the Eneolithic material, discovered by the saving expeditions, shows all cultural varieties of this era beginning from the early period to the late one. The Skelyanska culture is represented by only three burials of the Novodanylivka type, concentrated in the north of the steppe region. The next was the Stohivska culture, represented in the region by settlements/sites and burials. The number of Middle and Late Eneolithic sites indicates a more active settlement of the region at that time. These periods are represented by burials of the Kvityanska culture and the post-Stohivska group of sites; settlements and burials of the Lower Mykhailivka culture, burials of the Zhyotilovo-Vovchansk type. The material obtained by the saving expeditions also shows the syncretic characteristic in the Late Eneolithic burials.
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Tiwari, Abhishek, Khurshid Parveen, Shivendra Kumar Singh, and Manish Manar. "Urban Flood Relief Management in COVID-19 Pandemic." Indian Journal of Community Health 34, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 301–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2022.v34i02.028.
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Introduction: Urban floods were addressed as a separate disaster after the historical 2005 Mumbai floods. Urban flood peaks are 2-8 times and volume 6 times when compared with rural floods. We are now handling multiple disasters simultaneously due to the Covid-19 Pandemic. The river plains of north India are prone to floods in the monsoon season and geographical location of Prayagraj doubles the damage because it faces wrath from two sides. Very few researches have been conducted on urban floods and evidence needs to be generated from the field. Methodology: This qualitative research was planned with an objective to identify the difficulties faced in operating an urban flood relief camp during superimposed burden of COVID-19 Pandemic and to suggest remedial measures from the public health aspect. We conducted in-depth interviews of nodal officers, health staff and beneficiaries of the identified camps. Informed consent was taken from participant after explaining them about the research. Results: The findings from the interviews were categorized into 3phases of flood relief i.e. before the floods, during floods and lastly post flood. The most crucial work before floods is to spread awareness about do’s and don’ts in detail. Next was identification of the local people actually affected by flood. The space and facilities at few centers was low for the population load. Urban flood management needs a major overhauling of public health infrastructure to handle such disasters in future. Conclusion: The officials were working hard to make the homeless feel as if they are on a picnic. The database of beneficiaries should be strengthened and should also include students and labourers, anyone who is a flood victim and not only local flood victims.
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KOCJANČIČ, KLEMEN. "REVIEW, ON THE IMPORTANCE OF MILITARY GEOSCIENCE." CONTEMPORARY MILITARY CHALLENGES 2022, no. 24/3 (September 30, 2022): 107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.24.3.rew.
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In 2022, the Swiss branch of the international publishing house Springer published a book, a collection of papers entitled Military Geoscience: A Multifaceted Approach to the Study of Warfare. It consists of selected contributions by international researchers in the field of military geoscience, presented at the 13th International Conference on Military Geosciences, held in Padua in June 2019. The first paper is by the editors, Aldin Bondesan and Judy Ehlen, and provides a brief overview of understanding the concept of military geoscience as an application of geology and geography to the military domain, and the historical development of the discipline. It should also be pointed out that the International Conferences on Military Geosciences (ICMG), which organises this biennial international conference, has over the past two decades also covered other aspects, such as conflict archaeology. The publication is further divided into three parts. The first part comprises three contributions covering military geoscience up to the 20th century. The first paper, by Chris Fuhriman and Jason Ridgeway, provides an insights into the Battle of Marathon through topography visualisation. The geography of the Marathon field, the valley between Mt. Cotroni and Mt. Agrieliki, allowed the Greek defenders to nullify the advantage of the Persian cavalry and archers, who were unable to develop their full potential. This is followed by a paper by Judy Ehlen, who explores the geological background of the Anglo-British coastal fortification system along the English Channel, focusing on the Portsmouth area of Hampshire. The author thus points out that changes in artillery technology and naval tactics between the 16th and 19th centuries necessitated changes in the construction of coastal fortifications, both in terms of the form of the fortifications and the method of construction, including the choice of basic building materials, as well as the siting of the fortifications in space. The next article is then dedicated to the Monte Baldo Fortress in north-eastern Italy, between Lake Garda and the Adige River. In his article, Francesco Premi analyses the presence of the fortress in the transition area between the Germanic world and the Mediterranean, and the importance of this part of Italy (at the southernmost part of the pre-Alpine mountains) in military history, as reflected in the large number of important military and war relics and monuments. The second part of the book, which is the most comprehensive, focuses on the two World Wars and consists of nine papers. The first paper in this part provides an analysis of the operation of trench warfare training camps in the Aube region of France. The group of authors, Jérôme Brenot, Yves Desfossés, Robin Perarnau, Marc Lozano and Alain Devos, initially note that static warfare training camps have not received much attention so far. Using aerial photography of the region dating from 1948 and surviving World War II photographic material, they identified some 20 sites where soldiers of the Entente forces were trained for front-line service in trenches. Combined archaeological and sociological fieldwork followed, confirming the presence of these camps, both through preserved remains and the collective memory. The second paper in this volume also concerns the survey on trenches, located in northern Italy in the Venezia Tridentina Veneto area in northern Italy. The authors Luigi Magnini, Giulia Rovera, Armando De Guio and Giovanni Azzalin thus use digital classification methods and archaeology to determine how Italian and Austro-Hungarian First World War trenches have been preserved or, in case they have disappeared, why this was the case, both from the point of view of the natural features as well as from the anthropological point of view of the restoration of the pre-war settings. The next paper, by Paolo Macini and Paolo Sammuri, analyses the activities of the miners and pioneers of the Italian Corps of Engineers during the First World War, in particular with regard to innovative approaches to underground mine warfare. In the Dolomites, the Italian engineers, using various listening devices, drilling machinery and geophysical methods, developed a system for drilling underground mine chambers, which they intended to use and actually used to destroy parts of Austro-Hungarian positions. The paper by Elena Dai Prà, Nicola Gabellieri and Matteo Boschian Bailo concerns the Italian Army's operations during the First World War. It focuses on the use of tactical maps with emphasis on typological classification, the use of symbols, and digital cartography. The authors thus analysed the tactical maps of the Italian Third Army, which were being constantly updated by plotting the changes in positions and tactical movements of both sides. These changes were examined both in terms of the use of new symbols and the analysis of the movements. This is followed by a geographical presentation of the Italian Army's activities during the First World War. The authors Paolo Plini, Sabina Di Franco and Rosamaria Salvatori have thus collected 21,856 toponyms by analysing documents and maps. The locations were also geolocated to give an overview of the places where the Italian Army operated during the First World War. The analysis initially revealed the complexity of the events on the battlefields, but also that the sources had misidentified the places of operation, as toponyms were misidentified, especially in the case of homonyms. Consequently, the area of operation was misidentified as well. In this respect, the case of Vipava was highlighted, which can refer to both a river and a settlement. The following paper is the first on the Second World War. It is the article by H. A. P. Smith on Italian prisoners of war in South Africa. The author outlines the circumstances in which Italian soldiers arrived to and lived in the southern African continent, and the contribution they made to the local environment and the society, and the remnants of their presence preserved to the present day. In their article, William W. Doe III and Michael R. Czaja analyse the history, geography and significance of Camp Hale in the state of Colorado. In doing so, they focus on the analysis of the military organization and its impact on the local community. Camp Hale was thus the first military installation of the U.S. Army, designated to test and train U.S. soldiers in mountain and alpine warfare. It was here that the U.S. 10th Mountain Division was formed, which concluded its war path on Slovenian soil. The Division's presence in this former camp, which was in military use also after the war until 1965, and in the surrounding area is still visible through numerous monuments. This is followed by a paper by Hermann Häusler, who deals with German military geography and geology on the Eastern Front of the Second World War. A good year before the German attack on the Soviet Union, German and Austrian military geologists began an analysis of the topography, population and infrastructure of the European part of the Soviet Union, which led to a series of publications, including maps showing the suitability of the terrain for military operations. During the war, military geological teams then followed the frontline units and carried out geotechnical tasks such as water supply, construction of fortifications, supply of building materials for transport infrastructure, and analysis of the suitability of the terrain for all-terrain driving of tracked and other vehicles. The same author also authored a paper in the next chapter, this time focusing on the activities of German military geologists in the Adriatic area. Similarly to his first contribution, the author presents the work of military geologists in northern Italy and north-western Slovenia. He also focuses on the construction of fortification systems in northern Italy and presents the work of karst hunters in the Operational Zone of the Adriatic Littoral. Part 3 covers the 21st century with five different papers (chapters). The first paper by Alexander K. Stewart deals with the operations of the U.S. Army specialised teams in Afghanistan. These Agribusiness Development Teams (ADTs) carried out a specialised form of counter-guerrilla warfare in which they sought to improve the conditions for the development of local communities through agricultural assistance to the local population. In this way, they were also counteracting support for the Taliban. The author notes that, in the decade after the programme's launch, the project had only a 19% success rate. However, he stresses that such forms of civil-military cooperation should be present in future operations. The next chapter, by Francis A. Galgan, analyses the activities of modern pirates through military-geographical or geological methods. Pirates, who pose a major international security threat, are present in four regions of the world: South and South-East Asia, East Africa and the Gulf of Guinea. Building on the data on pirate attacks between 1997 and 2017, the author shows the temporal and spatial patterns of pirate activities, as well as the influence of the geography of coastal areas on their activities. This is followed by another chapter with a maritime topic. Mark Stephen Blaine discusses the geography of territorial disputes in the South China Sea. Through a presentation of international law, the strategic importance of the sea (sea lanes, natural resources) and the overlapping territorial claims of China, Taiwan, Malaysia, Vietnam and Indonesia, the author shows the increasing level of conflict in the area and calls for the utmost efforts to be made to prevent the outbreak of hostilities or war. M. H. Bulmer's paper analyses the Turkish Armed Forces' activities in Syria from the perspective of military geology. The author focuses on the Kurdish forces' defence projects, which mainly involved the construction of gun trenches, observation towers or points, tunnels and underground facilities, as well as on the Turkish armed forces' actions against this military infrastructure. This involved both mountain and underground warfare activities. While these defensive infrastructures proved to be successful during the guerrilla warfare period, direct Turkish attacks on these installations demonstrated their vulnerability. The last chapter deals with the current operational needs and limitations of military geosciences from the perspective of the Austrian Armed Forces. Friedrich Teichmann points out that the global operational interest of states determines the need for accurate geo-data as well as geo-support in case of rapidly evolving requirements. In this context, geoscience must respond to new forms of threats, both asymmetric and cyber, at a time when resources for geospatial services are limited, which also requires greater synergy and an innovative approach to finding solutions among multiple stakeholders. This also includes increased digitisation, including the use of satellite and other space technologies. The number of chapters in the publication illustrates the breadth and depth of military geoscience, as well as the relevance of geoscience to past, present and future conflicts or military operations and missions. The current military operations in Ukraine demonstrate the need to take into account the geo-geological realities of the environment and that terrain remains one of the decisive factors for success on the battlefield, irrespective of the technological developments in military engineering and technology. This can also be an incentive for Slovenian researchers and the Slovenian Armed Forces to increase research activities in the field of military geosciences, especially in view of the rich military and war history in the geographically and geologically diverse territory of Slovenia.
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Guinel, F. C., and R. D. Geil. "A model for the development of the rhizobial and arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses in legumes and its use to understand the roles of ethylene in the establishment of these two symbioses." Canadian Journal of Botany 80, no. 7 (July 1, 2002): 695–720. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b02-066.
Full textAbstract:
We propose a model depicting the development of nodulation and arbuscular mycorrhizae. Both processes are dissected into many steps, using Pisum sativum L. nodulation mutants as a guideline. For nodulation, we distinguish two main developmental programs, one epidermal and one cortical. Whereas Nod factors alone affect the cortical program, bacteria are required to trigger the epidermal events. We propose that the two programs of the rhizobial symbiosis evolved separately and that, over time, they came to function together. The distinction between these two programs does not exist for arbuscular mycorrhizae development despite events occurring in both root tissues. Mutations that affect both symbioses are restricted to the epidermal program. We propose here sites of action and potential roles for ethylene during the formation of the two symbioses with a specific hypothesis for nodule organogenesis. Assuming the epidermis does not make ethylene, the microsymbionts probably first encounter a regulatory level of ethylene at the epidermis outermost cortical cell layer interface. Depending on the hormone concentrations there, infection will either progress or be blocked. In the former case, ethylene affects the cortex cytoskeleton, allowing reorganization that facilitates infection; in the latter case, ethylene acts on several enzymes that interfere with infection thread growth, causing it to abort. Throughout this review, the difficulty of generalizing the roles of ethylene is emphasized and numerous examples are given to demonstrate the diversity that exists in plants.Key words: AM, epidermis, evolution, pea, rhizobia, sym mutant.
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Poonnen, Pradeep J., Jill E. Duffy, Bradley Hintze, Maulik Shukla, Thomas S. Brettin, Neal R. Conrad, Hyunseung Yoo, et al. "Genomic Analysis of Metastatic Solid Tumors in Veterans: Findings From the VHA National Precision Oncology Program." JCO Precision Oncology, no. 3 (December 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/po.19.00075.
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PURPOSE The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) is the largest cancer care provider in the United States, with the added challenge of serving more than twice the percentage of patients with cancer in rural areas than the national average. The VHA established the National Precision Oncology Program in 2016 to implement and standardize the practice of precision oncology across the diverse VHA system. METHODS Tumor or peripheral blood specimens from veterans with advanced solid tumors who were eligible for treatment were submitted for next-generation sequencing (NGS) at two commercial laboratories. Annotated results were generated by the laboratories and independently using IBM Watson for Genomics. Levels-of-evidence treatment recommendations were based on OncoKB criteria. RESULTS From July 2016 to June 2018, 3,698 samples from 72 VHA facilities were submitted for NGS testing, of which 3,182 samples (86%) were successfully sequenced. Most samples came from men with lung, prostate, and colorectal cancers. Thirty-four percent of samples were from patients who lived in a rural area. TP53, ATM, and KRAS were among the most commonly mutated genes. Approximately 70% of samples had at least one actionable mutation, with clinical trials identified as the recommended option in more than 50%. Mutations in genes associated with a neuroendocrine prostate cancer phenotype were expressed at increased frequency among veterans than in the general population. The most frequent therapies prescribed in response to NGS testing were immune checkpoint inhibitors, EGFR kinase inhibitors, and PARP inhibitors. CONCLUSION Clinical implementation of precision oncology is feasible across the VHA health care system, including rural sites. Veterans have unique occupational exposures that might inform the nature of the mutational signatures identified here. Importantly, these results underscore the importance of increasing clinical trial availability to veterans.
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Poonnen, Pradeep, Jill Duffy, Bradley J. Hintze, Maulik Shukla, Thomas S. Brettin, Neal R. Conrad, Hyunseung Yoo, et al. "Genomic analysis of metastatic solid tumors in veterans: Findings from the VHA National Precision Oncology Program." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2019): 3074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.3074.
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3074 Background: Scalable next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have enabled incorporation of precision oncology into clinical practice, informing treatment decisions based on tumor genomics. The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) is the largest integrated healthcare system in the U.S., serving a higher percentage of rural patients (36%) than the national average (14%). To implement and standardize the practice of precision oncology across a diverse healthcare system, the VHA established the National Precision Oncology Program (NPOP). Methods: Tumor or peripheral blood specimens were collected from Veterans with advanced solid tumors who were eligible for treatment with targeted or immunotherapeutic drugs. Specimens were sequenced using cancer gene panels at two commercial laboratories. Annotated results were generated by the vendors and independently using IBM Watson for Genomics. Levels of evidence treatment recommendations were based upon OncoKB criteria. Results: Between July 2016 and June 2018, 3713 samples were collected from 72 facilities; the sequencing success rate was 86%. The majority of samples came from males with lung, prostate and colorectal cancers. Thirty-four percent of samples submitted were from rural patients. The most commonly mutated genes included TP53, ATM and KRAS. Over 70% of samples sequenced had at least one actionable mutation, and clinical trials were the recommended option in over 50%. The most frequent therapies prescribed in response to NGS testing were immune checkpoint inhibitors, EGFR kinase inhibitors and PARP inhibitors. Interestingly, prostate cancers among Veterans had a higher frequency of mutations in genes associated with a neuroendocrine phenotype compared with the general population. Conclusions: Implementation of precision oncology into clinical practice is feasible across the diverse VHA system, including rural community sites. Veterans have unique occupational exposures that might inform underlying causes of distinct mutational signatures identified here. Our results highlight the importance of increasing the availability of clinical trials for Veterans.
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Rahmatullah, Azam Syukur, Eko Priyo Purnomo, Mohd Sukki Othman, and Akbar Nur Aziz. "Moral Education of Muslim Children in Islamic Minority Countries (Phenomenological Studies in Germany and the Netherlands)." KONSELING RELIGI Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling Islam 14, no. 1 (June 30, 2023): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/kr.v14i1.20081.
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<p class="06IsiAbstrak"><span>Moral education is an element that must be embedded from an early age, where true morals originate in a healthy soul, and are supported by a strengthening spiritual element, to give birth to children with positive morals. Moral education should ideally be taught in any condition and situation, both in Muslim-majority and Muslim-minority countries. This study aims to determine how moral conditions, problems experienced by parents in educating Islam-based morals, and the process carried out by parents in educating their children's morals in non-Muslim countries. Germany and Amsterdam were used as research sites because both countries are known as Islamic minority countries. This research uses phenomenological research methods with a qualitative approach. Participant data came from parents who had the following criteria have lived in Germany or Amsterdam for at least 2 years, Indonesian parents who are Muslims, and parents who educate their children directly related to morals and are not represented by caregivers / domestic assistants. Research data were obtained from interviews and observations and then analyzed using phenomenological study techniques. </span><span>The results showed that parents apply authoritarian and democratic parenting. The efforts made by parents in educating children's morals include storytelling methods, role models, direct learning, and reward and punishment. Obstacles faced by parents include internal and external obstacles, namely the lack of academics or facilities to obtain sources of Islamic knowledge as well as the busyness of parents. The pattern of moral education of children for Muslim minorities is carried out through faith-based private schools (Islam), informal <em>homeschooling,</em> colleges (universities and colleges), mosques (Islamic centers), and Islamic organizations.</span></p>
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Rwantabagu, Hermenegilde. "Building Dialogue Among Nations Through Educational and Cultural Cooperation: The Case of Burundi and the P.R. China." Espacio, Tiempo y Educación 7, no. 2 (July 7, 2020): 83–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.14516/ete.305.
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The aim of the present paper is to highlight the process of educational and cultural cooperative between China and African countries, particularly Burundi, the gap it came to fill and the positive outcomes it has generated. It is essentially based on a review of existing relevant documentation. African Universities were born during a period marked by rapid change as most of the countries of the continent were achieving independent nationhood. In this context, those young institutions were assigned the daunting task of contributing to national development through research activities and by producing competent manpower to help in solving the complex problems facing those societies. To this end, African states have sought to enhance the performance of their higher education systems through cooperation with China an emerging but experienced country. Hence, since the 1960s, China has been granting scholarships and other facilities to prospective African leaders and technocrats to study in different regions of the host country. Within this framework, Burundi has enjoyed cooperation assistance from the P.R. China, in economic, medical, cultural and educational matters since independence. This has helped the country to build the capacity of its education system, particularly higher education. We may conclude by saying that the offering of scholarships, the exchange of scholars, artistic performances on both sides as well as the widening Chinese language teachin programme in schools and universities through the Confucius Institute have gone a long way in promoting intercultural appreciation and understanding between the two countries. In this perspective, there is a need for highlighting the extent to which China-Burundi educational and cultural cooperation has contributed the building of mutual understanding between, the two countries.
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Kondratska, L. "Investment attractiveness of the tourism industry under current conditions." Galic'kij ekonomičnij visnik 71, no. 4 (2021): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33108/galicianvisnyk_tntu2021.04.007.
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The concept of investment attractiveness of tourism as a set of micro- and macro-factors is investigated in this paper. These factors form the general idea of the potential investor about the state and level of tourism development in the country and give him the opportunity to determine how attractive and profitable are the country’s investments in this area. It is noted that according to a the European Business Association research, in 2016–2020 Ukraine demonstrated decrease in the commitment of respondents to invest in the country, as evidenced by the decline in investment attractiveness index. The economic significance and peculiarities of attracting investments in the domestic tourism industry are highlighted. The dynamics and the forecast of investments in the investigated sphere are analyzed. It is found that the largest amounts of investment resources in 2019 came from countries such as Cyprus, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Austria, Hungary, Poland, USA and others in insurance, industry, wholesale and retail trade, professional and scientific and technical activities, construction. The essence of factors influencing the development of Ukrainian tourism, including lack of organizational support for the industry, non-compliance of recreation facilities with world quality standards, outdated nature of the material and technical base of the tourist complex, low quality roads in rural areas, etc. is revealed. The main problems that complicate the attraction of investments are characterized and a list of measures to increase the investment attractiveness of the domestic tourism industry is proposed. We believe that the most effective among them are development of strong tourism policy of the country, popularization of domestic tourism opportunities, improvement of material and technical condition of tourist «magnets», creation of new and marking existing tourist routes, improvement of the excursions and recreation services market, creation of digital catalog of services and products, improvement of the level of information and advertising support of tourist activities, improvement of the tourists at tourist sites safety.
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Kondratska, L. "Investment attractiveness of the tourism industry under current conditions." Galic'kij ekonomičnij visnik 71, no. 4 (2021): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33108/galicianvisnyk_tntu2021.04.007.
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The concept of investment attractiveness of tourism as a set of micro- and macro-factors is investigated in this paper. These factors form the general idea of the potential investor about the state and level of tourism development in the country and give him the opportunity to determine how attractive and profitable are the country’s investments in this area. It is noted that according to a the European Business Association research, in 2016–2020 Ukraine demonstrated decrease in the commitment of respondents to invest in the country, as evidenced by the decline in investment attractiveness index. The economic significance and peculiarities of attracting investments in the domestic tourism industry are highlighted. The dynamics and the forecast of investments in the investigated sphere are analyzed. It is found that the largest amounts of investment resources in 2019 came from countries such as Cyprus, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Austria, Hungary, Poland, USA and others in insurance, industry, wholesale and retail trade, professional and scientific and technical activities, construction. The essence of factors influencing the development of Ukrainian tourism, including lack of organizational support for the industry, non-compliance of recreation facilities with world quality standards, outdated nature of the material and technical base of the tourist complex, low quality roads in rural areas, etc. is revealed. The main problems that complicate the attraction of investments are characterized and a list of measures to increase the investment attractiveness of the domestic tourism industry is proposed. We believe that the most effective among them are development of strong tourism policy of the country, popularization of domestic tourism opportunities, improvement of material and technical condition of tourist «magnets», creation of new and marking existing tourist routes, improvement of the excursions and recreation services market, creation of digital catalog of services and products, improvement of the level of information and advertising support of tourist activities, improvement of the tourists at tourist sites safety.
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Wozniczka, Daniel, Hanna B. Demeke, Angela M. Thompson-Paul, Ugonna Ijeoma, Tonya R. Williams, Allan W. Taylor, Kathrine R. Tan, et al. "Real-Time CDC Consultation during the COVID-19 Pandemic—United States, March–July, 2020." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 14 (July 6, 2021): 7251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18147251.
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Context: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Centers for Disease Prevention and Control (CDC) clinicians provided real-time telephone consultation to healthcare providers, public health practitioners, and health department personnel. Objective: To describe the demographic and public health characteristics of inquiries, trends, and correlation of inquiries with national COVID-19 case reports. We summarize the results of real-time CDC clinician consultation service provided during 11 March to 31 July 2020 to understand the impact and utility of this service by CDC for the COVID-19 pandemic emergency response and for future outbreak responses. Design: Clinicians documented inquiries received including information about the call source, population for which guidance was sought, and a detailed description of the inquiry and resolution. Descriptive analyses were conducted, with a focus on characteristics of callers as well as public health and clinical content of inquiries. Setting: Real-time telephone consultations with CDC Clinicians in Atlanta, GA. Participants: Health care providers and public health professionals who called CDC with COVID-19 related inquiries from throughout the United States. Main Outcome Measures: Characteristics of inquiries including topic of inquiry, inquiry population, resolution, and demographic information. Results: A total of 3154 COVID-19 related telephone inquiries were answered in real-time. More than half (62.0%) of inquiries came from frontline healthcare providers and clinical sites, followed by 14.1% from state and local health departments. The majority of inquiries focused on issues involving healthcare workers (27.7%) and interpretation or application of CDC’s COVID-19 guidance (44%). Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a substantial number of inquiries to CDC, with the large majority originating from the frontline clinical and public health workforce. Analysis of inquiries suggests that the ongoing focus on refining COVID-19 guidance documents is warranted, which facilitates bidirectional feedback between the public, medical professionals, and public health authorities.
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Pedroza, Albert, Whitney Wedel, Nicholas Lintel, Adam Horn, and Mehmet Sitki Copur. "Diagnostic discrepancies in second opinion pathology reviews in a community-based cancer center." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): e18650-e18650. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e18650.
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e18650 Background: Tracking diagnostic discrepancies is a common quality indicator in anatomic pathology. Many cases are re-reviewed as care is transferred from one facility to another. Most published data on these discrepancies is from the perspective of the tertiary receiving facility. Disparities in patient access to pathology expertise and technologies in small community hospitals can affect the accuracy of cancer diagnosis and the quality of care. Mary Lanning Healthcare (MLH) is a regional community hospital with a well-established referral pattern to several neighboring health systems. As part of a quality assurance process, we evaluated the diagnostic concordance rate of our cancer related pathology diagnoses with the referred institutions. Methods: Between 2017 and 2020, a cohort of cancer related cases was identified where the initial diagnosis was at MLH, then as part of coordinated care, a second pathologic interpretation was rendered at another instution. Data regarding specimen type, discrepancy in original diagnosis, nature and severity of discrepancy, disagreement in histologic grade, concordance or lack thereof with third party reviewers, and distribution among reviewing pathologists were collected. Results: A total of 521 cancer related cases (890 specimens) were sent to 16 facilities for second opinion. There were 46 (5%) discrepancies. Majority of them 45 (98%) were minor. Third party review of one major discrepancy came back in agreement with our original diagnosis. The most common discrepancy was interobserver variability in findings without strictly defined criteria. A change in histologic grade was the second most frequent deviation with prostate and breast being the most common sites. Upgrades and downgrades to the original diagnoses were nearly evenly split (19 to 21). A total of 33 pathologists were involved. While one reviewing pathologist generated 30% of all discrepancies, 3 other pathologists accounted for 67%. Conclusions: Accurate pathologic diagnoses significantly impact clinical outcomes. Our data which represents a rural community-based cancer program identified an overall discrepancy rate in the range of 0.1 to 1.1% for second opinion review. The vast majority of differences were minor in nature with no change in patient care and could be attributed to expected interobserver variability.[Table: see text]
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Li, Qun, Matthew Hobbs, and Peter R. Reeves. "The variation of dTDP-l-rhamnose pathway genes in Vibrio cholerae." Microbiology 149, no. 9 (September 1, 2003): 2463–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.26382-0.
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The genetic variation in the dTDP-l-rhamnose pathway genes (rmlA, rmlB, rmlC and rmlD) in Vibrio cholerae was investigated. The genes are part of the O antigen gene cluster and the aim was to study lateral gene transfer of O antigen gene clusters. The rml genes of an O6 strain were cloned using an Escherichia coli K-12 strain designed for selecting cloned rml genes. Thirty-three strains carrying the known rhamnose-containing O antigens were probed with O6-based rml gene probes, and 19 were positive with from one to all four of the gene probes. Nine rml gene sets from this group were sequenced and found to be in the order rmlBADC, at the 5′ end of the gene clusters. A gradient in the level of variation was observed, with highly similar sequences at the 5′ end rmlB gene, but very divergent and strain-specific sequences at the 3′ end of the rml gene set. The change in level of similarity varied in position, but was always abrupt and coincided with a change in GC content, indicating that the 5′ and 3′ parts are of different origin, and that recombination within rml genes has occurred. The rml gene sets of two of the strains that did not hybridize with any O6 rml gene probes were also cloned and sequenced. Both gene sets were in the middle of the O antigen gene cluster and were very divergent from each other and all other rml gene sets. This supports the hypothesis that presence of rml genes at the end of the O antigen gene cluster facilitates lateral gene transfer of rml-containing O antigen gene clusters in V. cholerae. The sequence relationships make it possible to identify sites of recombination and to distinguish DNA that has long been in V. cholerae and DNA that probably came into the species with the O antigen gene cluster.
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Jacobs, Trent. "Have Offshore Operators Cracked the Code on How To Successfully Run a Megaproject?" Journal of Petroleum Technology 75, no. 07 (July 1, 2023): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0723-0026-jpt.
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_ Offshore oil and gas companies have been told for years that when it comes to delivering on megaprojects, they’re not doing that great of a job. The experts have pilloried piecemeal approaches to contracting and scheduling, blaming them for cost inefficiencies and delays. Analysts have raised concerns that the various teams involved are too siloed, or not brought into the fold at the right time. And lamented on from many a conference podium are the rarely realized benefits of standardization. However, two recent case studies from different sides of the Atlantic suggest that large offshore producers have paid heed to these issues. At this year’s Offshore Technology Conference (OTC) in Houston, Equinor and Murphy Oil Corp. shared details about their latest multibillion‑dollar projects. In separate conference papers the companies said they avoided overengineering new production systems by trying to borrow the blueprints from existing facilities. They also claim to have fully embraced the idea of integrated teamwork and proactive project execution. For Equinor, the result is known as the Johan Sverdrup field which stands in roughly 375 ft of water on the Norwegian continental shelf. Output from the project’s phase one and two facilities topped out in May at 755,000 B/D with one of the industry’s lowest breakeven prices of less than $20/bbl. Meanwhile, Murphy is celebrating the new King’s Quay floating production system (FPS) which delivered first oil less than 3 years after sanctioning. The three‑reservoir deepwater Gulf of Mexico project also bested expectations as it ramped up to 100,000 B/D within its first year of operation. Highlights from these case studies and the strategies that led to successful outcomes are below. Johan Sverdrup: A European Giant In May, Equinor’s Johan Sverdrup field soared past its originally planned nameplate capacity of 720,000 B/D as it hit a plateau rate of 755,000 B/D. The peak figure represents about 7% of European crude demand. The milestone for the majority‑state‑owned oil company came a little over 6 months after it completed a $4.4‑billion phase two expansion project. In OTC 32552, authors from Equinor outline the key strategic decisions that enabled the company to deliver the 29‑well phase two project on time and under budget despite pandemic‑related barriers, equipment failures, and employee strikes. Keep Contractors Close. Equinor emphasized the role of its newest iteration of integrated teamwork—or what it calls the “one team” approach. Vibeke Lossius, a coauthor and project manager for Equinor, described the idea as the glue that held together the operator with its global network of contractors and suppliers. “Our philosophy was that if one fails, we all fail,” she said. “So, it was important to us that the contractors succeeded.” The one team approach grew out of phase one but only involved Equinor’s team leaders. Then as the operator began phase two, it pushed harder to align its goals more closely with those of its contracting partners, which meant bringing them into the tent.
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Mahmud, Ifte, and David Kim. "Implementation of and experiences with new automation." Journal of Automated Methods and Management in Chemistry 22, no. 6 (2000): 199–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1463924600000353.
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In an environment where cost, timeliness, and quality drives the business, it is essential to look for answers in technology where these challenges can be met. In the Novartis Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance Department, automation and robotics have become just the tools to meet these challenges. Although automation is a relatively new concept in our department, we have fully embraced it within just a few years. As our company went through a merger, there was a significant reduction in the workforce within the Quality Assurance Department through voluntary and involuntary separations. However the workload remained constant or in some cases actually increased. So even with reduction in laboratory personnel, we were challenged internally and from the headquarters in Basle to improve productivity while maintaining integrity in quality testing. Benchmark studies indicated the Suffern site to be the choice manufacturing site above other facilities. This is attributed to the Suffern facility employees' commitment to reduce cycle time, improve efficiency, and maintain high level of regulatory compliance. One of the stronger contributing factors was automation technology in the laboratoriess, and this technology will continue to help the site's status in the future. The Automation Group was originally formed about 2 years ago to meet the demands of high quality assurance testing throughput needs and to bring our testing group up to standard with the industry. Automation began with only two people in the group and now we have three people who are the next generation automation scientists. Even with such a small staff,we have made great strides in laboratory automation as we have worked extensively with each piece of equipment brought in. The implementation process of each project was often difficult because the second generation automation group came from the laboratory and without much automation experience. However, with the involvement from the users at get-go, we were able to successfully bring in many automation technologies. Our first experience with automation was SFA/SDAS, and then Zymark TPWII followed by Zymark Multi-dose. The future of product testing lies in automation, and we shall continue to explore the possibilities of improving the testing methodologies so that the chemists will be less burdened with repetitive and mundane daily tasks and be more focused on bringing quality into our products.
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Sipayung, Louis Allen, Frida Purwanti, and Sahala Hutabarat. "PERENCANAAN PROGRAM INTERPRETASI LINGKUNGAN DALAM PENGELOLAAN WISATA DI MAROON MANGROVE EDU PARK SEMARANG." Management of Aquatic Resources Journal (MAQUARES) 6, no. 3 (April 30, 2018): 255–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/marj.v6i3.20584.
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ABSTRAK Interpertasi lingkungan dapat berperan penting dalam ekowisata dengan memberikan edukasi kepada pengunjung tentang potensi kawasan, informasi tentang konsekuensi pada setiap tindakan dan mengubah perilaku pengunjung untuk melestarikan lingkungan. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari 2017, dengan tujuan mengkaji profil dan persepsi pengunjung, mengidentifikasi ketersedian media informasi dan menyusun program interpretasi lingkungan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah metode deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik wawancara menggunakan kuesioner terhadap 50 pengunjung serta Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dengan stakeholder MMEP Semarang. Observasi dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi ketersediaan media informasi yang ada di MMEP Semarang. Profil pengunjung yang datang ke MMEP Semarang paling banyak dari kelompok anak muda yang berusia antara 15-24 tahun dan berasal dari wilayah Semarang sekitarnya (Kedungsepur). Persepsi pengunjung tentang informasi potensi wisata MMEP Semarang melalui program interpretasi yang ada, menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar pengunjung (70%) masih kurang mendapatkan edukasi mengenai potensi wisata. Ketersediaan media informasi yang ada di MMEP Semarang terdiri dari papan informasi potensi alam, papan petunjuk arah, papan sejarah penanaman mangrove, papan informasi karcis, papan sejarah awal lokasi wisata dan papan larangan wilayah Lanumad. Program interpretasi lingkungan sesuai road map pengembangan wisata tahun 2015-2020 meliputi peyediaaan jasa pemandu wisata yang kompeten dan perbaikan fasilitas interpretasi yang sudah ada. Kata Kunci: Interpretasi Lingkungan; Wisata; Media Informasi; Maroon Mangrove Edu Park ABSTRACT Environmental interpretation play an important role in ecotourism by educating visitors about the potency areas, providing information on the consequences of each action and stimulating visitor behavior to preserve the environment. The study was conducted in February 2017, with the aims to assess visitor profiles and perceptions, to identify the availability of information media and to develop environmental interpretation programs. The method used in this research is descriptive method. The data were collected by interviewing to 50 visitors using questionnaires and Focus Gorup Discussion (FGD) with stakeholders at MMEP Semarang. Observations were conducted to identify the availability of information media in MMEP Semarang. Profile of visitors who come to MMEP Semarang are mostly a group of young people with aged between 15-24 years and came from Semarang. The visitor perception about information of tourism potential at MMEP Semarang from the existing interpretation program, has shown that most of the visitors (70%) get less education about tourism potential. Availability of information media available in MMEP Semarang consists of natural potential information board, direction board, mangrove planting history board, ticket board information, early history board of tourist sites and ban board of Lanumad area. The environmental interpretation program would be develop according to the road map of tourism development 2015-2020 are providing competent tour guides and upgrading the existing interpretation facilities. Keywords: Enviromental Interpretation, Tourism, Information Media Maroon Mangrove Edupark
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Tansir, Ghazal, Sameer Rastogi, and Adarsh Barwad. "Clinicopathological features and treatment profile of patients referred to a sarcoma medical oncology centre in India: Challenges and insights from the developing world." Journal of Clinical Oncology 41, no. 16_suppl (June 1, 2023): e23533-e23533. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2023.41.16_suppl.e23533.
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e23533 Background: Sarcomas are rare cancers that warrant expert pathologic diagnosis (dx) and multidisciplinary treatment (MDT). We analysed details of patients (pts) diagnosed with soft tissue sarcomas (STS) and bone sarcomas (BS) referred to our centre. Methods: This is a retrospective study of pts diagnosed with STS or BS referred to All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi between January 2021 and December 2022. Histopathological discrepancies were noted as change of primary dx or differences in grading or sarcoma subtyping on pathology review. Surgical and/or medical deviations from standard practise were identified. SPSS 26.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results: 268 pts with median age of 35 years (range 8 months-85 years) and male predominance (n = 140, 52.2%) were included. 121 (45%) pts belonged to adolescent and young age (AYA) group. 163 (61%) pts came from urban/semi-urban background and from a median distance of 90 miles (range 6.2-1587). Median symptom duration prior to referral was 9 months (range 6 months-12 years). Based on biopsy or cytopathological evidence, referred pts included 186 (69.4%) with STS, 73 (27.2%) with BS, 7 with undifferentiated sarcoma (2.6%) and 2 with carcinoma (0.7%). The most common STS (n = 186) were leiomyosarcoma (14%), synovial sarcoma (12%) and liposarcoma (8.3%); BS (n = 73) included osteosarcoma (44%), Ewing sarcoma (44%), chondrosarcoma (9.5%). Molecular and/or germline mutation tests were performed only in 9 of 131 (6.8%) indicated cases before referral. Localized/locally advanced and metastatic stages were found in 94 (35.6%) and 116 (43.2%) resp; rest (21.2%) did not undergo staging work-up outside. Common primary sites were extremity (n = 127, 44.4%), abdomen (n = 71, 24.8%), thorax (n = 24, 8.3%). 125 (43.7%) and 91 (31.8%) pts had undergone surgery and chemotherapy resp outside. 1st line chemotherapy (n = 85) was anthracycline-based (n = 65, 76.4%), ifosfamide-based (n = 6, 7%), gemcitabine-docetaxel (n = 5, 5.8%). 2nd line (n = 29) was gemcitabine +/- docetaxel (n = 7, 24.1%), anthracycline (n = 6, 20.6%), ifosfamide-based (n = 6, 20.6%), pazopanib (n = 6, 20.6%). Pathologic discrepancies found in 87 (30.4%) pts included change of primary diagnosis in 44 (15%), sarcoma subtype variation in 35 (12.2%) and benign disorder misclassified as malignancy in 5 (1.7%) pts. Deviations in chemotherapy (n = 43, 47.2%) included inadequate dose/cycles in 18 (42%), no chemotherapy despite indication in 8 (18.6%), non-standard regimens in 10 (23%) pts. Distance/rural residence did not correlate with pathology/treatment deviations. Conclusions: In this era of precision medicine and targeted oncology, our findings reflect the need for well-equipped diagnostic and treatment facilities. The lack of expert centres catering to pts with sarcomas remains a challenge in developing countries.
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Cook, Madison, Xinxin Wu, Darby Keirns, Peter T. Silberstein, and Beau Hsia. "The impact of demographic factors on patients with intraosseous well-differentiated osteosarcoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 41, no. 16_suppl (June 1, 2023): e23502-e23502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2023.41.16_suppl.e23502.
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e23502 Background: Well-differentiated intraosseous osteosarcoma (WDIO) is a rare cancer that primarily affects the medullary cavity of the femur and tibia. While WDIO accounts for only 2% of osteosarcomas, 10% of patients do not survive past 5 years. Due to its rare nature, there is difficulty diagnosing WDIO, and as such, patients present in later stages of the disease with more secondary complications. There is no standard of treatment for WDIO. The socioeconomic factors of WDIO have yet to be addressed in literature using data from the NCDB. The purpose of this study is to analyze the demographic and socioeconomic factors of patients diagnosed with WDIO, using the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to better understand its epidemiology. Methods: The National Cancer Database (NCDB) was used to create a retrospective cohort analysis of histologically-confirmed WDIO patients (N = 30) from 2004 – 2020. Regression analysis was performed to interpret incidence trends and descriptive statistics on specific demographic factors (sex, race, age, insurance status, income, type of treatment, facility type, and Charleson-Deyco score) on patients with WDIO. Results: There were a total of 30 patients in the NCDB database identified with a diagnosis of WDIO. From 2004 – 2020, there has been an increasing incidence rate (R2 = 0.3). The mean age of WDIO diagnosis is 37.9 (SD = 18.6 range = 8 – 80 years). The long bones of the upper and lower limbs accounted for 63.4% of the primary sites of the cancer. More women (63.3%) than men were diagnosed. The majority (83.3%) of the patients had Charlson-Deyo comorbidity scores of 0. The upper income quartile contained the highest percentage of patients (42.3%) compared to each of the other lower quartiles. There were more privately insured patients (63.3%) than patients on Medicaid/Medicare. Over half of the patients (51.9%) came from metropolitan areas with a population greater than 1 million. More than half of the patients were treated at research/academic facilities (51.3%). The main form of treatment in patients with WDIO was radical excision with limb salvage (60%). Local and partial resection occurred in 30% of the cases. Conclusions: This study addresses a significant gap in knowledge on the diagnosis of WDIO and its relation to socio-demographic factors. The majority of the patients present with WDIO in the long bones of the upper and lower body, which is concurrent with previous reports of WDIO. From our analysis, patients with WDIO tend to be in the upper income quartile, live in densely-populated urban areas, and receive radical excision surgery in academic programs. This preliminary research on the impacts of demographic and socioeconomic factors on WDIO could bring more awareness to its diagnosis. Further research on the impacts of these demographics on treatment options and overall prognosis would significantly enhance our knowledge regarding the social inequality surrounding WDIO.
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Rakhman, Cecep Ucu. "Analisis Pasar Wisatawan Nusantara di Candi Borobudur." Jurnal Kepariwisataan: Destinasi, Hospitalitas dan Perjalanan 3, no. 2 (December 25, 2019): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.34013/jk.v3i2.33.
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This is a marketing research in the tourism sector that discusses the market segmentation of domestic tourists (wisnus) in Borobudur Temple. This study analyzed the profile of the wisnus using quantitative research. Methods of data collection were conducted with questionnaires, field observations, and documentation studies. The results showed that tourists who visited Borobudur Temple mostly came from outside the province (62%) and within the province (38%). When viewed from the provincial origin, then the five largest provinces are domestic tourists from Central Java Province of 38%, while respondents who come from the West Java Province of 13 %. Then the respondents from D.l. Yogyakarta with 10%, then East Java Province 9 and DKI Jakarta 9%. Respondents who visited Borobudur Temple were 15-24 years old (36%), male (58%), married (52%), graduated from diploma (46%), still in student status (27%), Revenue per month <Rp. 2,000, 000.00 (52%). The majority of respondents have preference type DTW historic sites (52%), preferences for recreational activities (81%), art and culture (53%), friend / family sources (53%), family (52%), had no constraints (43%), day preference on national holidays (39%), in the morning (57%), duration of l -3 hours (65%), visitfrequency 1 times (80%), average / moderate price perception (75%), rate of Borobudur temple at good enough level (58%), and have hope for improvement of DTW (45%) location arrangement. Spending at DTW> Rp. 50.000,00 (28%), total expenses during trip <Rp. 200.000,00 (32%), the largest share of expenditure is located on transportation (34%), using land transportation (86%) and air (13%), visiting reason because Borobudur Temple has artistic and cultural value (38%), preference of stay in other hotels / inns (36%), visit planning <1 week earlier (65%), recommend Borobudur Temple (96%), and have a return visit (97%). In comparison of markets within and outside the province, the source of information from friends /family (62%) is preferred by the market within the province. Outside provincial markets (85%) have motivational preferences of visiting for recreation and leisure. The average income of domestic tourists in the province is Rp. 3.138.298 Meanwhile, the average income of tourists outside the province is Rp.3.750.000. Expenditure at Borobudur Temple for respondents in the province is Rp.194.681, - meanwhile for out ofprovince is Rp.202.885. 000, -. Travelers from within the province have an average total of travel expenses ofRp.606.383 and outside the province ofRp.1.264.744. Nusantara tourists in the province have purchasing power of 19% of income per month while from outside the province have purchasing power of 34% of tourist income per month. For the largest expenditure during the trip is on transportation, tourists outside the province has a magnitude of 36% and tourists in the province of 32%. For the category recommend, tourists outside the province have 95% and tourists in the province of 98%. The appraisal of tourism facilities is at a sufficiently good level with a value of 3.50, all price aspects considered to have a range between 3.25 - 3.46 infrastructure components and promotion is quite good with an average score of 3.55.
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Lewis, D. A. "43. MEASURING TRENDS IN STI SYNDROME AETIOLOGIES AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PATTERNS: THE SOUTH AFRICAN EXPERIENCE." Sexual Health 4, no. 4 (2007): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/shv4n4ab43.
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The World Health Organization's Global strategy for the prevention and control of sexually transmitted infections (STIs): 2006-2015 highlighted the need for STI surveillance as a cornerstone for national programmes. Yet, in many countries of the world, little or no surveillance exists and, when it does, it is often clinical in nature. Much of the world's resource-poor areas use the syndromic management approach, which includes a recommendation for periodic surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. It is also important to perform aetiological surveillance, to assess the common causes of the main STI syndromes, such as genital ulceration (GUS), male urethritis syndrome (MUS) and the vaginal discharge syndrome (VDS). This allows observation of trends and ensures that the drugs used in the syndromic management flow chart as still valid. South Africa started to build a national microbiological and clinical surveillance programme in 2004. Prior to that, microbiological data came from surveillance among particular core groups, such as miners, that could not be extrapolated to the general population. 30 sentinel sites (primary healthcare facilities) were set up in each of the country's nine provinces for the purpose of enhanced clinical surveillance. Data were collected on all the main syndromes in terms of episodes per year. At the same time, microbiological surveillance was initiated in the following provinces: the Northern Cape, Mpumalanga, the Western Cape and Gauteng. Plans are to conduct further surveillance in the Free State and possibly the Eastern Cape later in 2007. Within each province, one primary health care facility was chosen on the criteria of a large STO caseload and proximity to the laboratory doing the initial culturing of N. gonorrhoeae. Consecutive patients were recruited using informed consent and anonymous specimens collected. Patients were treated syndromically in the normal manner according to national STI management guidelines. Gonococcal isolates, obtained from men with urethral discharge, were tested for ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone resistance using E tests. In addition, swabs were collected from MUS patients and VDS patients for multiplex polymerase chain reaction (M-PCR) based testing for the following four pathogens: N. gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonas vaginalis and Mycoplasma genitalium. Ulcer swabs were also tested by M-PCR for herpes simplex virus (HSV), Haemophilus ducreyi and Treponema pallidum. A separate PCR was used to test the extracted DNA for C. trachomatis L1-L3. Serum was taken from all participants and tested for syphilis (RPR plus TPPA), HSV-2 and HIV antibodies. Key findings have confirmed the decline of chancroid to below 1% of genital ulcers and the predominance of genital herpes as the major cause of genital ulceration in South Africa. Gonorrhoea continues to be the major cause of urethritis in men and prevalence far exceeds Chlamydial infection. Approximately 10% of men with MUS are also infected/colonized with T. vaginalis. Only about one third of VDS cases appear to be caused by sexually transmitted pathogens. HIV infection rates exceed those recorded in the annual antenatal surveys and are highest among genital ulcer patients (70%). RPR seropositivity in non-ulcer patients is around 5% and antibodies to HSV-2 occur in about 50!!60% of patients overall. The surveillance has also demonstrated alarming rises in the prevalence of ciprofloxacin resistant gonorrhoea since 2004.
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Shafaee, Maryam Nemati, Omar Rosales, Randall Parker Kirby, Tamara Ortiz-Perez, Luke Gilman, Ashley Hardeman, Preeya Bhavsar Bhakta, Chris Amos, and Abiodun Oluyomi. "Abstract P4-03-25: Patient-level predictors of skipping screening mammograms during the COVID-19 pandemic at a large tertiary care center in Texas." Cancer Research 83, no. 5_Supplement (March 1, 2023): P4–03–25—P4–03–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs22-p4-03-25.
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Abstract Background: Following the declaration of the COVID-19 national emergency, screening mammograms (SM) abruptly dropped across the United States. Stay-at-home orders discourage cancer patients from seeking care, and cancer screenings and surgeries were postponed. Upon resumption of screening services, rates of screening were slow to recover. At Baylor St. Luke’s CHI (BSL), one of the largest tertiary care centers providing comprehensive cancer screening in Houston, we investigated patient level predictors, including comorbidities and area deprivation index (ADI), and the risk of skipping SM in the first year of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Methods: We used the local PENRAD database to retrieve the monthly gross number of SM performed at all BSL sites from 02/2018 to 01/2021. We obtained patient level data through EPIC, including address and demographics, comorbid conditions e.g., diabetes, hypertension, obesity (BMI30), chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). We identified ADI associated with patient addresses. We included patient who received at least one SM between 02/2018 to 01/2020. We compared patients did not get a mammogram in the first year of the pandemic; 02/2020 to 01/2021, to those who maintained screening during the pandemic. We performed a logistic regression analysis to assess the influence of age, 0 to +3 comorbid conditions, and ADI in quartiles on the odds ratio of skipping SM in the first year of the pandemic. Statistical significance was set at p< 0.05. The study was IRB approved. Results: Out of the 4591 women that screened in 2018 and/or 2019, only 1628 came back for SM in 2020 (35.5%). Women who obtained SM during the pandemic vs those who did not were slightly older, mean age 58 vs 56 (P< 0.001), were less likely to be living in the most deprived neighborhood, Q4 of ADI, 23.8% vs. 25.6%, more likely to be obese 39% vs. 35% (P< 0.001), more likely to have diabetes 48% vs. 41% (P< 0.001), more likely to have CVD, 16% vs. 13% (P< 0.001), and more likely to have hypertension 80% vs. 71% (P< 0.001). On multivariate logistic regression, living in Q4 ADI was associated with 22% higher risk of skipping SM in 2020 (95% CI 1.02-1.42), having one vs. two vs. three comorbid conditions increased the likelihood of obtaining SM in 2020 by 25% (95% CI 0.62-0.91) vs. 30% vs (95% CI 0.58-0.85), 42% (95% CI 0.48-0.7) compared to no comorbid conditions. Conclusion: Women living in Q4 of the ADI (most deprived neighborhood) were more likely to miss 2020 screening when compared with the Q1 women (least deprived neighborhood). The more chronic diseases women had, the less likely they were to skip 2020 screening when compared with those that had no chronic disease. This could because women with many health issues have to frequent health facilities at higher rates and thus less likely to miss mammograms. Citation Format: Maryam Nemati Shafaee, Omar Rosales, Randall Parker Kirby, Tamara Ortiz-Perez, Luke Gilman, Ashley Hardeman, Preeya Bhavsar Bhakta, Chris Amos, Abiodun Oluyomi. Patient-level predictors of skipping screening mammograms during the COVID-19 pandemic at a large tertiary care center in Texas [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-03-25.
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Vyshnevsky, L. V., M. G. Porhun, O. V. Sydorenko, and P. Р. Dzhus. "BANK OF ANIMAL GENETIC RESOURCES OF INSTITUTE OF ANIMALS BREEDING AND GENETICS ND. A. M.V.ZUBETS OF NAAS SYSTEM OF ANIMAL BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION OF UKRAINE." Animal Breeding and Genetics 53 (April 27, 2017): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31073/abg.53.03.
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Introduction. Conceptual framework system biodiversity in livestock include a combination of a set of measures aimed at the conservation and repopulation animals - the preservation of genetic diversity in situ in vitro and preservation of genetic diversity through the accumulation of genetic material and its cryopreservation as germ and somatic cells, zygotes, tissues (ex situ in vitro). Gene pool facilities require maintenance system to produce the required number gene pool products, the main criterion of evaluation which is playing the typical breed characteristics and features. The unifying element in the system of biodiversity - a Bank of Animals of genetic resources of the Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics nd. a. M.V.Zubets of NAAS, which is attributed to objects of national heritage.
Relevance of the creation and operation of the bank animal genetic resources of IABG nd. a. M.V.Zubets of NAAS teeth caused by rapidly narrowing biodiversity in general and the diversity of farm animals in particular. According to the ratified November 29, 1994 the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine "Convention on Biodiversity" Pan-European strategy and objectives of conservation of biological and landscape diversity Bank animal genetic resources of IABG nd. a. M.V.Zubets of NAAS performs the task of enhancing the role of agriculture in maintaining biodiversity and fostering international cooperation for the conservation of genetic material of small species and endangered species according to the objectives of science and technology program number 37 "The system works in populations and biodiversity conservation of genetic resources of agricultural animals" ("Saving gene pool breeds").
It operates as a scientific and technological structure that provides storage and preservation of national and global gene pool of small, local and endangered species, populations and genotypes of rare farm animals. According to current trends driving the selection and breeding of livestock Ukraine and focusing on the short term, bank of sperm Institute also provides storage and rational use of better breeding material in the framework of breeding programs and improving the genetic potential productivity of animals.
The purpose of this study was to conduct quantitative and qualitative analysis of genetic material stored in the bank of Animal of Genetic Resources of Institute of Animals Breeding and Genetics nd. a. M.V.Zubets of NAAS.
Material and methods of research. A description of the genetic material that is deposited in the bank of animal genetic resources of IABG nd. a. M.V.Zubets of NAAS the results of the inventory on January 1, 2017 and acts of reception and transmission. Analyzed information forms the primary account (1-mol and 1-beef) and certificates of origin bulls.
To characterize the gene pool of animals breeding materials included books of evaluation on the quality sires and progeny data directory bulls allowed to use in the selection process.
Results. Bank Animal of Genetic Resources was formed on the basis of the Republican gene pool bank of sperm, which was established in 1976 under former Ukrainian Research Institute Breeding and Artificial insemination of cattle (now the Institute of Animals Breeding and Genetics nd. a. M.V.Zubets of NAAS.
Forming of animal genetic resources IABG nd. a. M.V.Zubets of NAAS was due to tribal enterprises, which sperm came from almost all regions of Ukraine. Since the gene pool of the National Bank of sperm of animal genetic resources deposited 26.043 thousand sperm doses of 44 bulls who participated in developing Ukrainian Beef breed, and founder of the Ukrainian Beef breed lines. The bank remains Institute of semen sires - the pioneers of related groups sperm are used to display the Ukarainian Beef breed: 81 Eoiziano, 2317 Eymo, 274 Desant and 382 Eufemio (Chianina), 5203 Juncker, 8574103527 Zheriko (Charolais) and founder of the factory line - 0988 Anchar (Ukrainian Beef). Also, the bank laid sperm factory line Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cattle - 897 Elbrus.
Now bank of sperm of Institute holds more than 145.3 thousand sperm doses outstanding bulls 16 dairy and 14 beef breeds in the number of 87.4 thousand doses of 116 sires and 38.6 thousand. Doses from 77 bulls beef breeds which is intended for use directly in selection and breeding work with breeds. To implement the program "Preservation of the gene pool of breeds" in the Bank of animal genetic resources generative cells remain in an amount of 19.5 thousand sperm doses of 27 bulls and four local endangered breeds (Ukrainian Whiteheaded, Lebedyn, Ukrainian Gray and Carpathian Brown). If necessary, use genetic material of these species in gene pool herds in the future will make it possible to recover the lost line.
During 2011- 2013 the specialists studied indicators mobility, dynamic characteristics of movement and survival defrosting bull sperm stored in a bank animals genetic resources of IABG nd. a. M.V.Zubets of NAAS using computer analyzer Sperm Vision company «Minitub» (USA). Indices straight-forward motion and absolute bull sperm survival rate for different shelf life.
The Institute staff conducted molecular genetic evaluation of genotypes bulls for loci QTL (k-Cn, βLG, GH (dairy and cattle breeds) TG, CAPN1 530, MSTN), ISSR-markers using a as being primers for fragments of dinucleotide and trinucleotide microsatellite locus (ACC) 6G, (GAG) 6C, (AG)9C, (GA)9C and microsatellite markers that are included in the list of recommended ISAG (BM1824, BM2113, INRA023, SPS115, TGLA122, TGLA126, TGLA227, ETH10, ETH225 and ETH3). The information for the studied markers allows you to make more detailed description of the genetic diversity of planted material stored in a bank of genetic resources of animals IABG.
The staff of the Institute and other academic Institutions in the system of the National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, which performs research program NAAS "Saving gene pool breds" continues to work to build a bank of animal genetic resources.
Also, the Institute formed DNA bank of somatic cells and tissues of various farm animals, with appropriate breeding and genetic characteristics of genetic material.
To enhance the role of the bank of Institute of Animals Breeding and Genetics nd. a. M.V.Zubets of NAAS in the management of genetic resources and conservation of biodiversity in the future of its formation should be based on the basis that from commercial breeds of farm animals lay biological material only from their greatest representatives, and for indigenous, local and endangered breeds - representatives from the widest possible range of different genealogical structure that will characterize the entire population.
Conclusions. Formation of the bank and its functioning is not only the accumulation and cryopreservation of genetic material of all kinds of animals, and in ensuring the implementation of scientific programs to maintain the diversity and specificity of gene pool facilities and breeding, biotechnology and other scientific research.