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Journal articles on the topic 'Cams shape design'
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1
Buj-Corral, Irene, Enrique Zayas-Figueras, and Àngels Montaña-Faiget. "Comparative Study of Flank Cams Manufactured by WEDM and Milling Processes." Metals 10, no. 9 (August 27, 2020): 1159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10091159.
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Cam-follower mechanisms are usually employed in different machines, like combustion engines, sewing machines, machine tools, etc. In the present paper, the option to manufacture cams utilizing wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) has been considered. For this, surface roughness and shape error of cam profiles manufactured by the processes of milling and wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) are presented. The methodology used covers different stages: design, prototyping, manufacturing, and measurement of the cams. As a reference, a cam-follower mechanism from a motorcycle internal combustion engine has been used. A reverse engineering process has been performed to determine the geometrical parameters of the mechanism, which are used for the synthesis of the profile of the cam and its subsequent design. The manufacturing process of the cams has been assisted by CAD-CAM (Computer Assisted Drawing-Computer Assisted Manufacturing) software. Using fused filament fabrication (FFF), a physical prototype of the cam has been manufactured, in order to validate the goodness of the design. Finally, the roughness and shape parameters have been measured on the contour surface of the cams. The arithmetical mean roughness Ra value of the milled cam was 0.269 μm, below the requirement of 0.4 μm, and shape error was 18 μm, below 50 μm. Shape error of the WEDM cam of 48 μm meets the requirements for cams. However, the Ra value of 1.212 μm, exceeded the limit. For this reason, a finish operation is recommended in this case. Some advantages of WEDM cams over milled cams are that different conductive materials can be employed, more complex shapes can be obtained, and that, in rough operations, the amount of material to be removed in subsequent operations is considerably reduced.
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Gal-Tzur, Z., M. Shpitalni, and S. Malkin. "Design and Manufacturing Analyses for Integrated CAD/CAM of Cams." Journal of Engineering for Industry 111, no. 4 (November 1, 1989): 307–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3188765.
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Design and manufacturing analyses are presented which are the basis for an integrated CAD/CAM system for cams. The design analysis begins with the lift schedule specified either by analytical functions or by discrete data points which are transformed to an analytical form by cubic spline interpolation. The required cam contour and its curvature at each point on the cam periphery are then derived. Machining of the required cam shape is analyzed for NC jig grinding, CNC grinding, and rocker grinding. For NC jig grinding only the geometrical aspects of the process are analyzed, but for CNC and rocker grinding both the geometrical and physical aspects of the process are considered for control of cam geometry and thermal damage. Integration of design and maufacturing tasks in this way allows for manufacturing characteristics and limitations to be taken into account in the design stage.
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Rybansky, David, Martin Sotola, Pavel Marsalek, Zdenek Poruba, and Martin Fusek. "Study of Optimal Cam Design of Dual-Axle Spring-Loaded Camming Device." Materials 14, no. 8 (April 13, 2021): 1940. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14081940.
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The spring-loaded camming device (SLCD), also known as “friend”, is a simple mechanism used to ensure the safety of the climber through fall prevention. SLCD consists of two pairs of opposing cams rotating separately, with one (single-axle SLCD) or two (dual-axle SLCD) pins connecting the opposing cams, a stem, connected to the pins, providing the attachment of the climbing rope, springs, which simultaneously push cams to a fully expanded position, and an operating element controlling the cam position. The expansion of cams is thus adaptable to allow insertion or removal of the device into/from a rock crack. While the pins, stem, operating element, and springs can be considered optimal, the (especially internal) shape of the cam allows space for improvement, especially where the weight is concerned. This paper focuses on optimizing the internal shape of the dual-axle SLCD cam from the perspective of the weight/stiffness trade-off. For this purpose, two computational models are designed and multi-step topology optimization (TOP) are performed. From the computational models’ point of view, SLCD is considered symmetric and only one cam is optimized and smoothened using parametric curves. Finally, the load-bearing capacity of the new cam design is analyzed. This work is based on practical industry requirements, and the obtained results will be reflected in a new commercial design of SLCD.
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Zhang, Yuhua, and Joong-Ho Shin. "A Computational Approach to Profile Generation of Planar Cam Mechanisms." Journal of Mechanical Design 126, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1637652.
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A new approach, called a Relative Motion Method (RMM), is proposed for designing the shape of the disk cam, which uses the relative velocity and the relative acceleration of a follower respect to a cam to discover the profile coordinate, the pressure angle and the radius of curvature on the cam. It is characterized by the procedures of automatic derivation and solution with computers and the suitability not only for general disk cams with different kinds of follower, such as sharp edge follower, roller follower, flat-faced follower, and so on, but also for the double-disk conjugate cams, single-disk conjugate cams and roller gear conjugate cams. A program for design automation of shape of the disk cam and the kinematics simulation of this kind of mechanism has been developed using the proposed approach with C++ language. Finally, an example is given.
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Qu, Cheng Long, and Yong Chang. "Design of the Disc Cam Profile with Negative Radius Translating Roller Follower." Applied Mechanics and Materials 470 (December 2013): 412–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.470.412.
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Abstract: This paper is to study the force-locking and shape-locking conjugate cam mechanisms. problems of the theoretical and actual contour of the cams with negative radius translation roller follower are solved by the use of "definite proportion and division point" method. The results could lead an important foundation for further research of the new type cam mechanisms.
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Xu, Zeyu, Zhou Yang, Jieli Duan, Mohui Jin, Jiasi Mo, Lei Zhao, Jie Guo, and Huanli Yao. "Design and Experiment of Symmetrical Shape Deployable Arc Profiling Mechanism Based on Composite Multi-Cam Structure." Symmetry 11, no. 8 (July 30, 2019): 958. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11080958.
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At present, there are few reports on the profiling mechanism that can achieve surface envelope profiling along the surface of a shaft whose radius is constantly changing. Existing profiling mechanisms cannot achieve this function. To this end, a novel deployable arc profiling mechanism is presented in this paper. The mechanism can realize centering deployment along the shaft with a changing radius. The radius of the deployable arc can be adapted to the continuous change of shaft radius, and its surface can always maintain the arc shape for surface envelope profiling. The mechanism is mainly composed of compound cams. Each cam contains multiple grooves, and each groove connects to an arc support linkage. The arc support linkage is controlled by the compound motion of cams in different layers. The pitch curve of each groove is designed by applying the method of relative motion and inverse solution and obtained various parameter equations of the mechanism. The feasibility of this mechanism is verified by analysis, experiment, and application test. The results show that the proposed deployable arc profiling mechanism can achieve the design purpose and the profiling accuracy is kept above 96.425%.
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Dostrašil, Pavel. "Effective design and implementation of specific displacement diagrams to control kinetic sculptures." MATEC Web of Conferences 210 (2018): 04004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821004004.
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Electronic cams are used for different manufacturing systems, but in terms of displacement diagrams, they have common characteristics. The emphasis is usually placed on maximum accuracy, minimum machine cycle time and the displacement diagram has a simple shape. This paper addresses a completely different case, which shows that the use of electronic cams is very diverse. An Omron’s electronic cam was used to control kinetic art sculptures. It was necessary to develop an implementation that would be able to accommodate a large number of very long and complex displacement diagrams. Some sculptures contained up to 147 interpolating axes and their programs took up to an hour. The proposal builds on the basic animation and designer’s demands, but it must comply with all the limits of the mechanism (maximum speed, torque, etc.). For this purpose, an independent software tool was developed. The final displacement diagram is composed from polynomial of the 5th order by defining the 0th, 1st, and 2nd derivatives at the key points. This method of design has proved to be very effective, and in addition, this implementation brought a significant saving of memory and reduction of computational complexity.
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Березін, Л. М. "ДО РОЗРАХУНКУ ГЕОМЕТРИЧНИХ ПАРАМЕТРІВ ПОДАТЛИВИХ ГРАНЕЙ КЛИНІВ." Bulletin of the Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design. Technical Science Series 138, no. 5 (February 3, 2020): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.30857/1813-6796.2019.5.1.
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Development of recommendations for calculating the geometry of cams with flexibility facet, which have console beams with variable moment of section resistance along their length for provide strength conditions and specified deflections. Method of search, description, analogous and information analysis is used to audit the many possible decisions regarding the subject of research, the experience in the field of knitting machines of automatic half-hose machine and methods of cross and longitudinal sections from the classical position of resistance of materials. Mathematical support for the complex approach of working out of cams of various designs with flexibility working facets according to the criteria of strength, flexibility and minimization of geometric dimensions using the beam shape coefficient of deflections is presented. The advantages of beams with equal resistance along its length in comparison with homogeneous beams having constant section sizes are shown. The dependences are given, which advisable to determine the dimensions of the root and final sections of a trapezoidal beam with a free end load of concentrated force, and also formulas for calculating the shape coefficient by deflection with sufficient accuracy and convenience in engineering calculations. Further development of the theory and methodology of designing elements of knitting systems of automatic half-hose machine based on load modes, dimensions restrictions and technological process requirements. Questions are presented that contribute to a comprehensive approach to the improvement of cams designs with flexibility facet based on calculated recommendations, taking into account their specificity. The information helps to improve the quality and efficiency of cam design solutions to meet the requirements for strength and flexibility using the economic index of section.
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Maiti, Rathindranath, Indraneel Biswas, Vivek Nema, Saurabh Basu, Bhabani Sankar Mahanto, and Bikash Routh. "Design and development of strain wave generating cam for a new concept ‘harmonic drive’." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 227, no. 8 (November 23, 2012): 1870–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406212466354.
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A split cam design is proposed to solve the problem of assembly of the single piece cam in the flexible raced bearing of an earlier proposed novel harmonic drive system, which shows better torque characteristics and capacities in comparison to the conventional one of same size with oval-shaped strain wave generating cam. The cam profile has circular arcs at two working zones at 180° phases. The proposed profile shape is identified as the cause of trouble in assembly if the cam is made single piece. The split cam is made of two identical pieces having circular arc edges. These pieces constitute the cam in assembly after putting it inside the inner race of the flex bearing and adjusted by an adjuster. The design, kinematics, and the assembly method of the proposed split cam are presented in this article. The split cam arrangement not only solves the assembly problem but also gives a scope of fine adjustment of center distance (eccentricity). Such an adjustment is not possible in conventional oval wave generating cam. Stresses in flex gear cups assembled with both type cams at load and no-load conditions are estimated using finite element method. Some results are verified experimentally. Although the flex gear cup with the proposed split cam experiences lower stresses at load transmitting active gear contact zones, it shows higher stresses at some non-active zones (where teeth are free of load). It is apparent from results that stresses at those non-active zones do not increase substantially with the increase in torque, as they are away from active zones.
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Quaglia, Giuseppe, Daniela Maffiodo, and Francesco Pescarmona. "A Novel Continuous Alternate Motion Mechanism With Two Input Wheels." Journal of Mechanical Design 129, no. 8 (June 27, 2006): 858–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2735638.
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This paper presents the design of a mechanism with the following specifications: continuous alternate motion, wide motion phases with constant angular velocity, parallel input and output shafts, and great strokes. Those specifications derive from a possible application in the textile field. The mechanism is composed of two star wheels properly coupled together: there are two counter-rotating input wheels, alternately coupling with slots first, then teeth at each side of the output wheel. As usual for star wheels, pins and slots handle the acceleration and deceleration phases, while the constant velocity phase is performed by coupling sectors of toothed gears. A proper design of pins and slots is performed, so that at the same time when a pin from one input wheel is releasing a slot, a pin from the other input wheel engages a slot on the other side of the output wheel, forcing the latter to an opposite motion. In this way the output wheel has a continuous and smooth alternate motion. By annihilating the arrest phases typical of star wheels, the proposed system eliminates the discontinuities in the acceleration diagram. The paper develops a complete parametrical analysis of the device, underlining the effect of the constraints on the shape of the motion laws with particular emphasis on the acceleration and deceleration phases. In this way the output wheel has a continuous and smooth alternate motion. With respect to an analogous mechanism realizing the same laws of motion, e.g., cams, this device is very compact and economical, also presenting parallel input and output shafts, and significantly reduces sliding and wear.
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Danieli, Guido A. "Analytical Description of Meshing of Constant Pressure Angle Teeth Profiles on a Variable Radius Gear and its Applications." Journal of Mechanical Design 122, no. 1 (January 1, 2000): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.533551.
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This paper presents a method for determining the profile of the gear teeth on a variable radius wheel characterized by a constant pressure angle. The method can generate special gears using numerically controlled milling machines. As will be shown, the method, applied to a constant radius gear, generates an involute profile. The method is based on the integration of a differential equation describing the mesh between gears of variable radius, where the mesh point position is computed during rotation starting from the point, freely selected, where the tooth crosses the pitch line. The individual point is subsequently rotated in the opposite direction by an angle equal to the angle of rotation from the initial pitch line point, thereby generating the tooth profile. The method, applied to a wheel of variable radius, defined analytically or numerically, can compute teeth profiles on pairs of pitch lines of any shape. In particular, the motion of a slotted rotating link mechanism has been reproduced, but for the sign. Teeth profiles of other variable radius wheels have also been obtained. The results are more than satisfactory and are presented below. A numerically controlled milling machine has been programmed to actually build the antirotating slotted link equivalent gear. The present method, however, has much broader application, such as assigning the speed law to consequentially determine the gear form, as can be done with cams. Furthermore, a special planetary gear train makes it also possible to obtain reciprocating motion driven solely by gears. This has been built and its picture and scheme are presented in the paper. However, due to the low efficiency of the said mechanism, the best way to utilize this new technology seems to be to couple a crank and a rod to the pair of variable radius gears, as has been done at Hanover University. Some possible applications are presented. The special feature of these gears is the programmability of the shape of the pitch lines during the design phase, and thus of the velocity and acceleration profiles. In this way velocity profiles that could formerly only be obtained electro-pneumatically can be produced from purely mechanical components, with the added advantage of being able to control the level of inertia forces during the design phase. [S1050-0472(00)01601-9]
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Zhang, Jie. "Research of the Virtual Prototype of the Balanced Elliptical Motion Shale Shaker." Applied Mechanics and Materials 397-400 (September 2013): 648–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.397-400.648.
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The working principle of the balanced elliptical motion shale shake are presented, Based on the way of parametric design with SolidWorks, The crucial technique for establishing the virtual model is discussed, uses the VBA development tools, realizes the cylindrical cams 3D parameterization design method and the step. The example was given to show the virtual design of the balanced elliptical motion shale shake is presented, the method can effectively improve design efficiency, Provide strong support for the launch of new products, which provides a feasible method for design of the balanced elliptical motion shale shake.
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SATO, Megumi, and Hideki AOYAMA. "A13 Reverse Engineering System for Functional Parts with Complex Shape(Digital design and digital manufacturing (CAD/CAM))." Proceedings of International Conference on Leading Edge Manufacturing in 21st century : LEM21 2009.5 (2009): 263–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmelem.2009.5.263.
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Hwang, G. S., and D. M. Tsay. "Profile surfaces of cylindrical cams with arbitrarily-shaped followers." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 223, no. 8 (April 2, 2009): 1943–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544062jmes1363.
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This study proposes an approach that is based on the theory of envelopes in a parametric form, to derive the analytical expressions of profile surfaces and pressure angles of the cylindrical cams with translating and oscillating arbitrary-shaped followers. The profile curvature is also analysed for the consideration of undercutting. The obtained results are feasible for various types of follower contours, which can be represented by parametric or explicit expressions, and then they can be thought of as the general forms of the cylindrical cam—follower mechanisms. The generalization and practicability in application of the results are also demonstrated in the design and numerical examples.
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Jang, Si young, Yun hye Song, and Yoon Su Baek. "Design of the VSA (Variable Stiffness Actuator) Mechanism Using Cam Shape." Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering 36, no. 7 (July 1, 2019): 617–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7736/kspe.2019.36.6.617.
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Jang, Si young, Yun hye Song, and Yoon Su Baek. "Design of the VSA (Variable Stiffness Actuator) Mechanism Using Cam Shape." Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering 36, no. 7 (July 1, 2019): 617–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7736/kspe.2019.36.7.617.
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NAKAMURA, Seishi, Eiichi AOYAMA, Toshiki HIROGAKI, Masayuki FUKURA, and Hiromichi NOBE. "A8 Shape Reproduction and Cutter Location Using the Normal Vector Generated by Photometric Stereo Method(Digital design and digital manufacturing(CAD/CAM))." Proceedings of International Conference on Leading Edge Manufacturing in 21st century : LEM21 2009.5 (2009): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmelem.2009.5.39.
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Jang, Si young, Yun hye Song, and Yoon Su Baek. "Erratum to: Design of the VSA (Variable Stiffness Actuator) Mechanism Using Cam Shape." Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering 36, no. 8 (August 1, 2019): 777. http://dx.doi.org/10.7736/kspe.2019.36.8.777.
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Suharjanto, Gatot. "Bahan Bangunan dalam Peradaban Manusia: Sebuah Tinjauan dalam Sejarah Peradaban Manusia." Humaniora 2, no. 1 (April 30, 2011): 814. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/humaniora.v2i1.3100.
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Building, which consists of many building materials arranged in following the designer’s patter, could be stood and built in many scale, time and place. Development of the shape in building design has been changed from time to time as in time development and human ability that keeps increasing. Many buildings came from human civilization. Knowledge, social community and environment circumstances and also building material sources have huge role in developing building shapes. How far the existance of the building, it becomes retrieval benchmark in human civilization through building material usage approach in each age.
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Tang, Xue Mei, and Xin Xing Tang. "Parameterized Modeling and Dynamic Modal Analysis of Conjugate Cam Beating-up Mechanism." Applied Mechanics and Materials 251 (December 2012): 271–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.251.271.
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Taking the conjugate cams beating-up mechanism as an example to carry out three-dimensional parameterized design with Pro/Engineer secondary development accords to the equations of conjugate cams curves derived by the analytical method. Using the finite element software ANSYS the dynamic characteristic of beating rocker has been analyzed. And through the calculation the modal distribution and modal shapes of beating rocker are provided. It could provide references for design of future high-performance beating-up mechanism.
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Sukach, M. K. "The Staple-Shape Plate Springs Engineering Calculation Method." Science & Technique 20, no. 3 (June 3, 2021): 268–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2021-20-3-268-274.
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The new types of elastic devices – staple-shape plate spring and leaf spring - have been developed at the Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture. The staple-shape plate spring is an elastic plate where the ends are deflected from its middle part in the same direction and are made in the form of consoles equipped with hinge attachments. The middle part of the plate as a parallel to the line of the load action is designed with variable length section. In each section, the axis, relative to which the moment of the section inertia is a maximum, is perpendicular to the spring bending plane, designed as the equal resistance beam. This article substantiates the feasibility of using a staple-shape plate spring to improve the elastic suspension of truck cabs. The recommendations for choosing the most promising mass production directions, as well as the engineering calculation methods of such springs, have been developed. Objects of the study are devices intended for machines and their components dynamic loads shock absorption, differing in having a bracket shape and being a subject to bending in the plane of the highest rigidity of their cross sections, as well as shock absorbers using these springs, in particular KamAZ cabs suspension. This research implementation allows significantly reducing the metal consumption and elastic devices manufacture complexity, as well as can be useful in the design and operation of elastic car suspensions.Keywords: elastic device, staple-shaped plate spring, leaf spring, elastic suspension
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Yoon, Jungwon, and Sanghyun Bae. "Performance Evaluation and Design of Thermo-Responsive SMP Shading Prototypes." Sustainability 12, no. 11 (May 27, 2020): 4391. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12114391.
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Smart materials with changeable properties responding to environmental changes are studied in architecture. Shape Memory Polymer (SMP) is preferred among available thermo-responsive smart materials for architectural applications because of its advantages of reaction temperatures, deformation patterns, shape-changing behaviors, opportunity for various forms and manufacturing processing, in addition to the shape memory effect. Of various façade elements, this study focuses on designing and validating the SMP components as prototypes for shading devices for the Climate Adaptive Building Skin (CABS), to approach design decisions of optimal activation temperature, size, arrangements, and operating scenarios using digital models and simulation tools following the presented research framework in conjunction with design-to-fabrication studies in parallel. Prior to performance evaluations, the operating principles of SMP shading devices and interpretation of temperature data in relation to the urban conditions are prescribed. This research is based on a sustainability assessment of state-of-the-art responsive façade design integrating SMP elements combining active and passive measures to support a sustainable architectural design that provides less heat gain and better daylight comfort while demonstrating the simplified performance analysis method of SMP prototype designs. Following the simulation and comparative analysis of the results, drawbacks, and cautions inherent in the simulation methods, the potential meaning is briefly discussed.
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IKARIYAMA, Michiko. "Educational Effect by CAD/CAM exercise Manufacturing in Real Design : Shape Design on Pro/Engineer Generating NC Data." Proceedings of the Tecnology and Society Conference 2004 (2004): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmetsd.2004.17.
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Pan, M., and T. Shieh. "Design Modification for Reducing Silent Chain Annoying Noise." Journal of Mechanical Design 124, no. 4 (November 26, 2002): 822–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1485093.
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In the design of driving systems, silent chains have extensively replaced roller chains thanks to annoying noise problems. For some types of cab-motorcycles, especially sheet-frame cabs, however, the annoying noise generated by silent chains is still not acceptable. In this study, silent chain noise of cab motorcycles is investigated first by order analysis and time-frequency (TF) analysis of measured noise, and second by the analysis of noise-origination, transmission and amplification via frame. The noise mechanism can therefore be precisely uncovered. Some experiments have been conducted to discover three primary issues of a noise problem, i.e., noise source, transmission path, and response. Additionally, a mode shape (1,3) at 1650 Hz can be constructed based on the running mode principle to interpret a dominant structure-borne noise.
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Thilmany, Jean. "Mastery of the Complex." Mechanical Engineering 129, no. 09 (September 1, 2007): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2007-sep-2.
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This article highlights that even after a half-century of development CAD continues to extend control over the design of ever-more-challenging systems. CAD came along at the same time as computer graphics programs. Both technologies allowed shapes to be depicted on the computer screen that had been dominated until then by blinking letters and numbers. Like its graphics counterpart, CAD advancements have continued apace. Today’s systems allow for 3D views that let engineers slice into their digital designs to look inside. Sutherland’s system displayed vector graphics rather than the raster graphics we're used to today. Sketchpad users controlled the cathode ray tubes electron beam via light pen to draw vectors on screen, creating shapes line by line. CAD helps because the engineer no longer shows up at a meeting and unrolls a bunch of blueprints. Today’s engineers can call upon a CAD tie-in called photorealistic modeling that makes use of light and shading effects to give photographic realism to digital designs.
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Jiang, Zhong, and Jin Jiang. "Design and Implementation of City Internet Fire Safety Digital Monitoring System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 241-244 (December 2012): 2611–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.241-244.2611.
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The automatic fire alarm systems currently in the market came from different manufacturers, but they were unable to share information each other, difficult to form the same network and exist independently, and unable to automatically communicate with city fire control command center in time. Therefore，it caused delay of the fire alarm report. As the result, we proposed the idea of combining the City Fire Safety Digital monitoring system with Internet, analyzed its composition principle. Appropriate hardware and software were designed, and successfully developed.
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Wang, Feng Hui, and Zhao Ying Tian. "The Virtual Design of Cluster Straw Fuel Briquetting Machine." Advanced Materials Research 299-300 (July 2011): 925–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.299-300.925.
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Biomass forming technology is an effective way of using biomass energy. Based on the relative technology information from the home and abroad, the “cluster straw” as a new type of fuel briquetting machine has been proposed. According to many kinds of test data forming straw fuel briquetting machine, the force and power parameters were determined. By using the three-dimensional design method, the virtual design molding of cluster straw fuel machine is built. The strength analysis has been done on finger wheel by the finite element method, which came to valuable design data to referring to; wheel-shaped structure was modified to improve the strength.
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Tüfekçioğlu, Dilara. "A Historical Comparative Analysis of European and Asian Interior Spaces Through Cultural Background." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 4, no. 11 (December 28, 2017): 222–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v4i11.2878.
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Interior design came into existence with the need for housing, and has been developed with respect to several needs. After a certain point of time, the development process led to mulitple branches. Different lifestyles of different communities living in different geographies and cultural differentiation have caused variation in interior design. Throughout the history, culture, by means of its elements, creates different lifestyles in the same period of time, and influences the formation of interiors. The aim of this study is to explore cultural values that play an important role in the process of interior designing, to shape our daily lives and, thus, to assess how they influence interior designs. The study mainly focuses on cultural differences in Asian and European societies, which makes us . understand the similarities and differences of interior design principles. The information obtained by the historical analysis was synthesised, classified and finally interpreted. In conclusion, both in western and far eastern cultures, many elements such as climate, human values, religion, thinking, trade, class distinction, type of management, personal interests, social events, industrial and technological developments were found to have influence on the lifestyle with regard to interior design. Keywords: Culture, European culture, Asian culture, life styles, volume design, dwellings, architecture-interior architecturespace.
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Popovici, Cătălin George. "The Eco-Design Directive ErP for AHUs." Advanced Engineering Forum 21 (March 2017): 482–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.21.482.
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The European ErP-Directive 2009/125/EG (Energy-related-Products-Directive), also called the Eco-Design Directive, defines the minimal requirements for energy-related products. The objective of the ErP-Directive is the reduction of energy consumption and the CO2-emission rates as well as an increase of the overall share of renewable energies. This directive applies for all products placed on the market within the European Economic Area (EEA). Relevant for the AHUs is the EC-Directive 1253/2014/EG that came into force on November 26th 2014. Within the framework of this directive and as of January 1st 2016, new requirements concerning the energy efficiency of AHUs will apply within the European Economic Area (EEA). The paper analyzes the new requirements for Air Handling Units under ErP Directive and its consequences.
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Makushev, Yu P., T. A. Polyakova, L. Yu Volkova, and V. V. Ryndin. "Kinematic calculation and plotting of lifting height and speed of the tangential cam pusher using MATHCAD program." Omsk Scientific Bulletin, no. 178 (2021): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.25206/1813-8225-2021-178-5-12.
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The article shows the design features of tangential cams with a rounded top, provides a method for determining the lifting height and speed of the pusher when the roller is rolling in a straight line and in contact with the actual profile of the cam. The formulas for the kinematic calculation of the tangential cam are refined taking into account the radius of the initial circumference of the shaft, the radius of the rounding of the cam tip and the value of the radius of the pusher roller. Calculations are given to determine the stroke and speed of the pusher when the roller is rolling on the sections of the straight and arc-shaped surface of tangential cams with a radius of rounding of 6 and 10 mm. Formulas are proposed for determining the lift of the pusher in the rolling section of the roller along the radius of the cam tip at a constant coefficient λ = 1 and λ = 1,5. Using the Mathcad program calculations are performed and combined graphs of the pusher lift and the change in its speed are constructed for two types of tangential cams
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Rushar, Nur Auliani Puteri, and Wirania Swasty. "Local Identity Intervention in Signage Design: A Case of Sri Baduga Museum." Humaniora 7, no. 4 (October 30, 2016): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/humaniora.v7i4.3602.
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The existence of signage helped visitors to find the desired direction in one area more quickly and easily. With good and systemized signage, visitors could explore the museum even if there was no museum guide. Besides, a less informative, signage of Sri Baduga Museum had not yet had identity which depicted image to the museum. The purpose of this study was to design a signage that was informative and systemized as well as to characterize the local identity. Data were collected through literature study to obtain the theories that support the study. Observations were conducted to some museums to understand the conditions occured more closely. Direct and structured interviews with the museum manager and practitioners were done to reinforce the observations that have been made. Questionnaires were distributed to 100 respondents who had visited and were visiting Sri Baduga Museum to find out their opinions on signage at the museum. Matrix analysis was used to compare four visual objects from four different museums. Kujang (cleaver) as the identity of West Java is used in visual concept. Pictogram shape used came from the stylized shape of Kujang. The form of designed signage and wayfinding derived from stylized ornamentation found on the roof of this museum building. It was expected that the proposed design can produce signage and wayfinding with visual and good continuity to be more informative, interesting, and can give a good impression for visitors.
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Dobrzańska-Danikiewicz, A. D., T. G. Gaweł, and M. Karska. "Manufacturing of metal-polymer composites for medical applications." Archives of Materials Science and Engineering 1, no. 89 (January 1, 2018): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0011.5725.
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Purpose: The purpose of the article is to present the design and fabrication methodology of metallic scaffolds, with the shape and dimensions defined by the designer, coated with a thin layer of polymer. Design/methodology/approach: The methodology proposed covers Computer Aided Materials Design (CAMD), fabrication of metallic scaffolds using a machine for Selective Laser Melting (SLM), the deposition of a thin layer of polymers onto scaffolds using coldwork and hot-work polymerisers, as well as mechanical finishing. The strength of the newly developed metal-polymer composites to three-point bending was examined and their fractures were viewed with SEM. Findings: A fabrication method of implants in the form of scaffolds coated with a thin layer of polymer with the dimensions and shape closely matching the losses in a patient’s hard and/or soft palate. Practical implications: After clinical tests, a metal-polymer implant may be a very beneficial alternative for patients with palate losses using traditional prostheses until now. Originality/value: The individualised implants of palate pieces in the form of scaffolds coated with a thin layer of polymer, submitted for patent protection, do not have their counterparts, which is representing their originality.
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Joyce, H. Horatio. "Disharmony in the Clubhouse." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 78, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 422–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2019.78.4.422.
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In Disharmony in the Clubhouse: Exclusion, Identity, and the Making of McKim, Mead & White's Harmonie Club of New York City, H. Horatio Joyce offers the first sustained case study of one of McKim, Mead & White's New York clubhouses. The Harmonie Club was a Jewish club, and Joyce explores how and why a firm associated with powerful Protestant interests came to design its home. His reconstruction of that story provides an unusually intimate portrait of an instance when the categories of race, gender, and class intersected to shape American society in the Gilded Age.
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Hsiao, Hongwei. "Anthropometric Procedures for Protective Equipment Sizing and Design." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 55, no. 1 (November 30, 2012): 6–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018720812465640.
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Objectives: This article presented four anthropometric theories (univariate, bivariate/probability distribution, multivariate, and shape-based methods) for protective equipment design decisions. Background: While the significance of anthropometric information for product design is well recognized, designers continue to face challenges in selecting efficient anthropometric data processing methods and translating the acquired information into effective product designs. Methods: For this study, 100 farm tractor operators, 3,718 respirator users, 951 firefighters, and 816 civilian workers participated in four studies on the design of tractor roll-over protective structures (ROPS), respirator test panels, fire truck cabs, and fall-arrest harnesses, respectively. Their anthropometry and participant-equipment interfaces were evaluated. Results: Study 1 showed a need to extend the 90-cm vertical clearance for tractor ROPS in the current industrial standards to 98.3 to 101.3 cm. Study 2 indicated that current respirator test panel would have excluded 10% of the male firefighter population; a systematic adjustment to the boundaries of test panel cells was suggested. Study 3 provided 24 principal component analysis-based firefighter body models to facilitate fire truck cab design. Study 4 developed an improved gender-based fall-arrest harness sizing scheme to supplant the current unisex system. Conclusions: This article presented four anthropometric approaches and a six-step design paradigm for ROPS, respirator test panel, fire truck cab, and fall-arrest harness applications, which demonstrated anthropometric theories and practices for defining protective equipment fit and sizing schemes. Applications: The study provided a basis for equipment designers, standards writers, and industry manufacturers to advance anthropometric applications for product design and improve product efficacy.
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Uvarov, Viktor D., and Aleksey S. Sedov. "THE HISTORY OF ART DESIGN OF MUSIC CLUBS AND TAPESTRY IN INTERIOR DESIGN OF A CULTURAL CENTER." Vestnik slavianskikh kul’tur [Bulletin of Slavic Cultures] 58 (2020): 308–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37816/2073-9567-2020-58-308-317.
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The paper displays the history of the emergence and development of music clubs in Tsarist Russia in the 18th and 19th centuries and the post-revolutionary period of the clubs' existence in Soviet Russia, examines the artwork of carpet makers (artist of tapestry, according to the accepted international terminology) who shape interior design of the concert halls, and provides an integral description of the concert hall in culture as a unity of the concert venue and a specific concert space. Owing to a significant historical event — the entry of Crimea and Sevastopol into the Russian Federation, the carpet becomes a means of self-identification for the people. In our time, the relevance and viability of tapestry is proved by the experience of modern architects, who do not abandon this type of creativity that has a thousand-year tradition and successfully use it in the interiors of modern architecture aiming to create a positive image. The involvement of cultural elements into modern the art is extremely relevant. Having entered the Russian legal and economic space, Crimea is at the same time included into the cultural area of Russia. A group of Russian artists, musicians, writers and environmentalists came up with the idea of creating a universal, multifunctional, innovative, cultural center of the new time in Crimea. The paper represents an attempt to give a comprehensive analysis of the activities of artists engaged in creating carpets and interiors of music clubs, in particular, clubs in the Crimea, in Yalta.
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Pijukkana, Pracha, and Yanin Rugwongwan. "A Comparative Study of Teaching Process of Presenting Product Sketch Design of Industrial Design Program." Asian Social Science 13, no. 12 (November 28, 2017): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v13n12p174.
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This research studies the teaching process of idea communication for industrial product design sketching. The objective of this research is to make a comparative study on the efficiency of two teaching processes between teaching with detailed information and teaching with conceptual frameworks for groups of students who have different learning aptitudes; which are an aptitude in theoretical subjects or an aptitude in practical subjects. The study also included differences in learning styles of the industrial design program undergraduate students. The researchers came up with an experiment of creating sketch design ideas for a product in which the researchers classified the students’ learning processes from curriculum subjects and academic achievements. The results found that curriculum subjects and students’ learning aptitude can be grouped into two major groups: students who have accumulated scores in theoretical subjects and students who have accumulated scores in practical subjects. These two groups of students have different aptitudes in sketch design idea communication processes: a process of sketching with given detailed information and a process of sketching with given conceptual framework. Although these are different processes, the teaching and learning of these two product design processes have the same objectives: to create design ideas and to support design creativity by using the concept of interaction between the brain, hands and shapes that appear on paper to present the sketch product and to guide the teaching and learning of industrial product design, suitable for students who have different characteristics and help increase their academic achievements.
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Yang, Li Li, and Yan Huan Wang. "Research on the Matrix Kinetic Sculpture." Applied Mechanics and Materials 201-202 (October 2012): 405–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.201-202.405.
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This paper first analyzed the development of Kinetic Sculpture, then proposed the new concept of the Matrix Kinetic Sculpture. By introducing two typical works of the Matrix Kinetic Sculpture, the paper summarized the unique characteristic forms. The paper researched the technology realization of the Matrix Kinetic Sculpture according to one typical case, including the distributed control system and the lifting mechanism. Basing on the Fluid Dynamics theory, the Shallow Water Equations has been applied to the feature design of the Matrix Kinetic Sculpture to enhance its beauty of moving shape. Finally the paper came up with several suggestions for the innovation of Matrix Kinetic Sculpture.
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Edwards, Korie L. "Deconstructing a Research Journey: Methods and Lessons of the Religious Leadership and Diversity Project." Sociology of Religion 80, no. 4 (December 9, 2018): 415–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/socrel/sry043.
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Abstract In this article, I share my experience heading the Religious Leadership and Diversity Project (RLDP), a national, multi-method study of the head clergy of racially and ethnically diverse churches in the United States. My aim is to expand knowledge about the research process, particularly for large-scale primary data collection projects. I review how I came to conduct the RLDP, the theoretical frame that initially guided the research design, and the methodological approach for the study. I also share lessons I learned along the way, highlighting the importance of having a diverse research team, how our standpoints matter for our scholarship, and what I would do differently in the future.
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Kota, Sridhar, Arthur G. Erdman, and Donald R. Riley. "Development of Knowledge Base for Designing Linkage-Type Dwell Mechanisms: Part 1—Theory." Journal of Mechanisms, Transmissions, and Automation in Design 109, no. 3 (September 1, 1987): 308–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3258795.
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Linkage-type mechanisms have certain advantages over cams for dwell applications. The design of a typical six-link dwell mechanism involves adding an output dyad to the basic four-bar mechanism that generates either a circular arc or a straight line portion of the coupler curve. The entire motion characteristics of these four-bar mechanisms should be considered in order to design a suitable dwell linkage. Part 1 of this paper is devoted to the study of four-bar linkages which generate straight line, circular arc and symmetrical curves. Part 2 discusses how the design experience gained in this study can be applied to develop an expert system for designing linkage-type dwell mechanisms. Using path curvature theory and design charts developed by Tesar, et al., hundreds of four-bar straight-line mechanisms are systematically investigated. Based on the typical shapes of coupler curves these mechanisms are then classified. A synthesis technique has been developed to design four-bar mechanisms for circular arc generation. Symmetrical coupler curves with straight-line or circular-arc segments, which are required for designing double-dwell mechanisms, are studied. This paper is part of the research that is underway to develop an “expert system” for designing mechanisms to generate straight lines, circular arcs, symmetrical curves, parallel motion and dwell.
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Tranfield, M. Wynn, Doug Worsham, and Nisha Mody. "When you only have a week: Rapid-response, grassroots public services for access, wellness, and student success." College & Research Libraries News 81, no. 7 (July 8, 2020): 326. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/crln.81.7.326.
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The cascade of events following the global outbreak of COVID-19 produced exceptional examples of camaraderie, collaboration, and resourcefulness. In this article, we share two ways UCLA Library public services staff came together to rapidly re-envision learner-centered library services and support in response to the COVID-19 campus shutdown. In both cases, library staff adapted existing services (e.g., workshop delivery and tutorial design) to embrace remote technologies and scale to meet the needs of a greater number of learners.
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Piña-Martínez, Eduardo, and Ernesto Rodriguez-Leal. "Inverse Modeling of Human Knee Joint Based on Geometry and Vision Systems for Exoskeleton Applications." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/145734.
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Current trends in Robotics aim to close the gap that separates technology and humans, bringing novel robotic devices in order to improve human performance. Although robotic exoskeletons represent a breakthrough in mobility enhancement, there are design challenges related to the forces exerted to the users’ joints that result in severe injuries. This occurs due to the fact that most of the current developments consider the joints as noninvariant rotational axes. This paper proposes the use of commercial vision systems in order to perform biomimetic joint design for robotic exoskeletons. This work proposes a kinematic model based on irregular shaped cams as the joint mechanism that emulates the bone-to-bone joints in the human body. The paper follows a geometric approach for determining the location of the instantaneous center of rotation in order to design the cam contours. Furthermore, the use of a commercial vision system is proposed as the main measurement tool due to its noninvasive feature and for allowing subjects under measurement to move freely. The application of this method resulted in relevant information about the displacements of the instantaneous center of rotation at the human knee joint.
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Putra, Zetra Hainul. "ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN GURU SEKOLAH DASAR FKIP UNIVERSITAS RIAU DALAM PENGUKURAN KELILING DAN LUAS BANGUN DATAR." Primary: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar 2, no. 02 (March 6, 2014): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.33578/jpfkip.v2i02.1958.
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The purpose of this study is to analyze student teachers at Primary School Teacher Education of RiauUniversity in understanding the concepts of measurement perimeter and area. The reason in doingthis research is that many student teachers usually use formal formula in solving measurementperimeter and area. They will do the same thing when they teach Primary School Students, so thestudents will not know how the formula works. Design research was chosen as a method in gettingdata. The data were collected from 48 student teachers at Primary School Teacher Education of RiauUniversity. The result showed that six out of ten group of student teachers did not use partitioning inthe beginning of the lesson. They also made a mistake in measuring the perimeter of unstructuredshapes. After classroom discussion, 96% student teachers came to the idea of partitioning. It meansthat they realized the important of partitioning in measure the area of unstructured shapes.Key words: measurement perimeter and area, design research, partitioning, and unstructured shape.
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Lambert, Marissa, Rachael Matharoo, Emma Watson, and Helen Oldknow. "Supporting transitions in child and adolescent mental health services: a rough guide to introducing peer support." Journal of Mental Health Training, Education and Practice 9, no. 4 (December 2, 2014): 222–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmhtep-05-2014-0015.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to share the lessons learnt during the implementation of a Peer Support Worker (PSW) pilot project within Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS). The project aimed to reduce the barriers experienced by young people and carers during the process of transition between child and Adult Mental Health Services (AMHS). Design/methodology/approach – The paper combines reflections of staff, PSWs and trainers in order to share the lessons that may be taken from this project. This includes a rough guide for those hoping to employ PSWs to support transitions. Findings – The PSWs provided the vehicle to support the process of transition by empowering young people and their carers to use their strengths to facilitate a hopeful and timely transition. Recommendations regarding support for peers, staff and the organisation during the process of training and employing peers are discussed. Research limitations/implications – The paper provides a purely reflective account of the pilot project. These reflections may provide guidance for others wishing to develop peer support positions within CAMHS so that an evidence base for the effectiveness of peer support within transitions may continue to grow. Originality/value – Rotherham Doncaster and South Humber NHS Foundation Trust are the first NHS Trust in the UK to employ PSWs specifically to support transitions between CAMHS and AMHS. This paper builds on the work of Oldknow et al. (2014) to highlight the first attempts to use peer support to support transitions.
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Collado, Zaldy C., and Noella May-i. G. Orozco. "From displacement to resettlement: how current policies shape eviction narratives among urban poor in the Philippines." Housing, Care and Support 23, no. 2 (June 29, 2020): 49–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/hcs-01-2019-0001.
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Purpose This study aims to examine the experiences of urban poor relocatees in their resettlement communities, specifically those who were relocated from the Caloocan, Malabon, Navotas, Valenzuela and Quezon City areas to the province of Bulacan, Philippines. This study hopes to convey the importance of revisiting the law on socialized housing in the Philippines. Design/methodology/approach This study gathered qualitative data through 2 focus group discussions among 28 participants who came from 3 resettlement sites in San Jose del Monte City, Bulacan Province, Philippines. The resettlement areas are owned and managed by the National Housing Authority of the Philippine Government. Findings Results show that resettlement experiences are stories of survival under impoverished conditions. Lack of housing facilities or poorly built units characterize their relocation experience aside from having no immediate access to basic utilities such as electricity and water, despite a law that supposedly secures these rights to relocatees. The expensive cost of transportation and the lack of livelihood also heavily strain the lives of the relocated population. Originality/value This study illustrates that involuntary displacement predicts poor living conditions upon resettlement. This study is an inquiry not only of existing conditions of socialized housing in resettlement areas but also past realities of these housing communities at the onset of the displacees’ relocation.
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Mozumder, Shailendra Nath, M. I. Haque, M. M. Zaman, and M. Shahiduzzaman. "EFFECT OF SHADE AND SOWING METHOD ON ERYNGIUM FOETIDUM PRODUCTION." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 8, no. 12 (January 8, 2021): 251–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i12.2020.2714.
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The experiment was conducted at two Regional Spices Research Stations at Gazipur and Magura during July 2012 to June 2014. Experiments were conducted following split plot design with six treatment of two factors of three different shades such as 1) Black mosquito net, 2) Cucurbit trellis and 3) Control (open) and two sowing methods such as i) line sowing with 10cm spacing and ii) Broadcasting were placed in the unit plot. The maximum number of harvested plants (655/m2) and fresh yield (28.52 t/ha) were obtained from broadcast sowing under nylon net shade at Joydebpur while line sowing without shade gave the minimum number of harvested plants (293/m2) and fresh plant yield (16.20 t/ha) at Magura. The maximum gross return (Tk. 4944.2 thousand/ha), net return (TK. 4438.2 thousand/ha) and BCR (1099) was obtained from nylon net shade in broadcast sowing and these was lowest (Tk. 1586.4, 1196.3 thousands/ha and 4.07, respectively) came from line sowing under cucurbits trellis. Cultivation of Eryngium under cucurbits trellis gave early returns that better for fresh leaf production. Open sunlight is less costly but it is not suitable for quality leaf production. Broadcasting sowing under nylon net shade seems better for leaf production and profit.
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Mozumder, Shailendra Nath, M. I. Haque, M. M. Zaman, and M. Shahiduzzaman. "EFFECT OF SHADE AND SOWING METHOD ON ERYNGIUM FOETIDUM PRODUCTION." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 8, no. 12 (January 8, 2021): 251–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i12.2020.2714.
Full textAbstract:
The experiment was conducted at two Regional Spices Research Stations at Gazipur and Magura during July 2012 to June 2014. Experiments were conducted following split plot design with six treatment of two factors of three different shades such as 1) Black mosquito net, 2) Cucurbit trellis and 3) Control (open) and two sowing methods such as i) line sowing with 10cm spacing and ii) Broadcasting were placed in the unit plot. The maximum number of harvested plants (655/m2) and fresh yield (28.52 t/ha) were obtained from broadcast sowing under nylon net shade at Joydebpur while line sowing without shade gave the minimum number of harvested plants (293/m2) and fresh plant yield (16.20 t/ha) at Magura. The maximum gross return (Tk. 4944.2 thousand/ha), net return (TK. 4438.2 thousand/ha) and BCR (1099) was obtained from nylon net shade in broadcast sowing and these was lowest (Tk. 1586.4, 1196.3 thousands/ha and 4.07, respectively) came from line sowing under cucurbits trellis. Cultivation of Eryngium under cucurbits trellis gave early returns that better for fresh leaf production. Open sunlight is less costly but it is not suitable for quality leaf production. Broadcasting sowing under nylon net shade seems better for leaf production and profit.
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Teng, Zhen-chao, Tian-jia Zhao, and Yu Liu. "Analysis of the Seismic Performance of a Two-Span Specially Shaped Column Frame." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (July 18, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2519640.
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In traditional building construction, the structural columns restrict the design of the buildings and the layout of furniture, so the use of specially shaped columns came into being. The finite element model of a reinforced concrete framework using specially shaped columns was established by using the ABAQUS software. The effects of concrete strength, reinforcement ratio, and axial compression ratio on the seismic performance of the building incorporating such columns were studied. The numerical analysis was performed for a ten-frame structure with specially shaped columns under low reversed cyclic loading. The load-displacement curve, peak load, ductility coefficient, energy dissipation capacity, and stiffness degradation curve of the specially shaped column frame were obtained using the ABAQUS finite element software. The following three results were obtained from the investigation: First, when the strength of concrete in the specially shaped column frame structure was increased, the peak load increased, while the ductility and energy dissipation capacity weakened, which accelerated the stiffness degradation of the structure. Second, when the reinforcement ratio was increased in the specially shaped column frame structure, the peak load increased and the ductility and energy dissipation capacity also increased, which increased the stiffness of the structure. Third, when the axial compression ratio was increased in the structure, the peak load increased, while ductility and energy dissipation capacity reduced, which accelerated the degradation of structural stiffness.
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Badawy, Dr Usama Ibrahim, Dr Muain Qasem Jawabrah, and Dr Eng Amjad Jaeada. "Adaptation of Accessibility for People with Disabilities in Private and Public Buildings using Appropriate Design Checklist." International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology 6, no. 6 (June 30, 2020): 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst060627.
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An integrated approach is required to ensure that persons with disabilities are not left alone. A combination of mainstreaming and targeted measures is necessary in all interventions. Persons with disabilities share the same primary needs as everyone else: health protection and treatment, basic services, shelter and income. The best way to address their inclusion is through mainstreaming disability in all plans and efforts. Targeted measures need to complement disability mainstreaming by addressing specific requirements that cannot be met by making general responses inclusive. Such measures do not need to add greatly to overall cost especially if the needs of the maximum number of users are considered in the initial design. As mentioned in the world bank publication 2005 that if they are considered from the design stage, ensuring accessibility can cost as little as 1% more. This paper is came to recommendation how can we consider appropriate design checklist as guide for our initial Architecture design to Facilities accessible to people with disabilities for private and public buildings in a more descent appropriate way
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Sljvic, Amela, Sladana Miljanovic, and Muhamed Zlatar. "APPLICATION OF DEPLOYABLE BAR STRUCTURES IN ARCHITECTURE: PROPOSAL FOR UNIVERSAL MULTIFUNCIONAL MODULE." International Journal of Advanced Research 8, no. 12 (December 31, 2020): 817–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12219.
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Deployable bar structures are made of lightweight materials, and that is one of the reason why they do not require high transportation costs, are easy to assemble (by unfolding) and disassemble (by folding) and are able to successfully respond to many requirements when in the shortest possible time it is necessary to provide architectural structures for various purposes. In this paper, the deployable bar structures are analyzed with the aim of forming a universal multifunctional space which could be used as a facility for temporary housing, healthcare, education and similar purposes. Due to the fact that geometric shape of a certain space significantly determines the function of that space, and the way it is used, detailed analyses of the geometric shapes of these structures have been conducted. Comparison of the forms explored so far with the existing architectural deployable bar structures has resulted in two distinct geometric forms: singly curved (barrel vault) and doubly curved (dome). It was concluded that the application of these forms in the form of freestanding modules provides limited opportunities for organizing functional content due to the specific locations of certain connections between elements, as well as the complicated design process. This is one of the reasons for rare application of these structures in architecture. The proposal of a multifunctional “Universal module 6†which consists of unified singly curved modules in combination with doubly curved and prismatic forms came as a result of the conducted analyses. Proposals for forming more complex architectural spaces of higher capacity provide a wider range of applications of these structures and opens new possibilities for their use.
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Lepine, Ayla. "The Persistence of Medievalism: Kenneth Clark and the Gothic Revival." Architectural History 57 (2014): 323–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0066622x00001453.
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From his emergence on the cultural scene in the 1920s until his death in 1983, Kenneth Clark was one of the most influential figures in the history of British art and design, and his legacy remains strong. Clark’s life and work were entirely dedicated to communicating about art and transforming public understanding regarding its production and enjoyment. His first book,The Gothic Revival: An Essay in the History of Taste, investigated, condemned and elevated the status of Georgian and Victorian England’s enthusiasm for the Middle Ages. Written in the mid-1920s, it was published with Constable in 1928 when he was only twenty-five years old. By investigating the circumstances under which the book came to fruition and its importance in relation to Clark’s persistent interest in the Victorians — and John Ruskin in particular — a richer understanding of Clark’s ideas and beliefs can take shape.