Academic literature on the topic 'Can crusher'
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Journal articles on the topic "Can crusher"
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N., A. A. Hadi, Hui Yee Lim, A. M. Annuar K., et al. "Development of an automatic can crusher using programmable logic controller." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 9, no. 3 (2019): 1795–804. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v9i3.pp1795-1804.
Full textAbstract:
The invention of a can crusher machine in this project is to reduce the wasted storage space occupied by the tremendous amount of use aluminium can at the commercial establishment like in the restaurant, cafeteria and bar. Basically, can crusher machine be operated in manual effort and time in the can crushing process. Shrinking the initial volume of empty used-aluminium cans down to 50% in more effective, faster and effortless way, as well as to develop a low-cost device that is suitable for the small-industry usage are mainly the objectives for the Automatic Can Crusher, where an automated process is executed in Automatic Can Crusher due to the automation in the modern world is inevitable and nominal to be used. The Automatic Can Crusher is run by a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) with the aid of an inductive and capacitive sensor, where it is applied to detect whether the object is metal or non-metal. Overall, the system can be controlled manually through the push start and stop button as well as using the Human Machine Interface (HMI) using NB-Designer, for displaying the total of cans being crushed per day. The average result of empty can could shrink from 31% to 60 % of the original value, by using the attuned and compatible pressure for this system.
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Ivanov, N. M., A. M. Levin, and I. Ya Fedorenko. "Dynamic features of vibrating jaw crusher of feed grain." Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science 54, no. 5 (2024): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2024-5-11.
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The vibration method of feed grain crusher can be realized in various designs of crushers, but preference should be given to dynamic machine schemes, as such systems contribute to energy saving and increase the reliability of the whole structure. The analysis of the totality of information on vibrating crushers developed in various branches of economy allowed formulating the main requirements to the dynamic systems of these machines. These include the following: providing vibration of points of the working bodies according to certain laws; implementation of self-synchronization of vibro-exciters (in the case of a pair of vibro-drive); ensuring the minimum amplitude of the load-bearing system of the crusher, on which the vibro-exciters are mounted; ensuring the maximum amplitude of the working body of the crusher; compactness of the vibro-drive; absence of parasitic vibrations. Due to these requirements, vibrating jaw crushers for feed grain deserve special attention. Crushers close in technical essence are successfully used in mining. In such crushers, various vibratory dynamic effects important for the technology are manifested. The purpose of this work is to increase the technical level of the vibrating crusher of feed grain on the basis of using the effects of self-synchronization of vibration exciters and intensification of discharging the crushed material. The mathematical model of dynamics of the vibrating jaw crusher of feed grain, taking into account its design features and interaction of working bodies with the technological medium, is obtained. It is found that of the two possible synchronization modes, the synchronous-synphase mode is stable. Analytical analysis has shown the technological operability of the dynamic scheme of the vibrating jaw crusher in this synchronization mode, while the dynamics of the crusher meets almost all other specified requirements.
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Akobirova, Lola, Karim Gafurov, Jura Jumayev, Firuza Kuldasheva, and Doniyor Xikmatov. "Experimental study of crushing process of the crushed stone." E3S Web of Conferences 264 (2021): 04093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126404093.
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Currently, crushers operating in a central impact manner have become widely used, which has several advantages over roller, cone, and cheek crushers. The present work shows the device and principle of a laboratory centrifugal vertical impact crusher for studying the process of crushing local gravel to obtain crushed stone with dimensions of 5-20 mm. The main influencing factors for the process are the average size of the incoming raw materials, the rotation speed of the crusher rotor, and the distance between the accelerator and the annular platform. The output parameter is the concentration of crushed stone with a size of 5-20 mm in the output (%). A full factor experiment N=23 was conducted, a regression equation was obtained, the adequacy of this model was proved by methods of mathematical statistics. It is determined that an increase in the size of the input raw material reduces the percentage ratio of the crushed stone output with dimensions of 5-20 mm, and an increase in the rotation speed of the crusher rotor, on the contrary, contributes to an increase in the crushed stone output. Using this equation, you can determine the degree of influence of each factor under investigation on the final result, which is necessary to optimize the process.
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Islahudin, Nur, Herwin Suprijono, Rindra Yusianto, Zaenal Arifin, Salsabiila Zaiima Alhakiim, and Vivi Normasari. "Oyster mushroom baglog crushing machine to support a circular economy in the Omah Jamur Ungaran." Community Empowerment 9, no. 3 (2024): 495–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.31603/ce.11074.
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Omah Jamur Ungaran is one of the businesses engaged in oyster mushroom cultivation, facing challenges with the waste from the oyster mushroom cultivation process. Baglog waste can be crushed using a baglog crusher machine, which separates the growing medium from its packaging. The aim of this community service project is to provide a solution by creating a baglog crusher machine to enhance production capacity and improve the efficiency of the process. This project has resulted in a baglog crusher machine designed to crush baglog waste, which can then be used to produce processed products such as briquettes. The machine is powered by an electric motor, thereby increasing the efficiency of the baglog waste crushing process.
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Ali, Ali, and Mohd Prieska. "IMPROVEMENT PRODUKSI CRUSHER DENGAN METODE DOUBLE DUMP CRUSHER FC01 DAN FC02 PT. MIFA BERSAUDARA." Prosiding Temu Profesi Tahunan PERHAPI 1, no. 1 (2020): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.36986/ptptp.v1i1.48.
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ABSTRAK PT. Mifa Bersaudara sesuai dengan rencana produksi pada tahun 2018 akan melakukan coal sales sebesar 5 Juta Ton. Dengan target sales yang besar tentunya di butuhkan support yang besar dari unit-unit produksi. Maka dari itu unit operasional coal getting yang menggunakan OHT pada tahun 2017 diganti menjadi 30T class dengan jumlah yang lebih banyak. Akibat peningkatan produksi pada tahun 2018, perlu dilakukan improvement pada crusher FC01 dan FC02. Crusher FC01 dengan kapasitas produksi 750 tph dengan actual average year to date pada tahun 2017 hanya sebesar 342 tph dan FC02 dengan kapasitas produksi 450 tph dengan actual year to date hanya sebesar 350 tph. Ada beberapa parameter yang mempengarui productivity crusher FC01 dan FC02 yang tidak tercapai, yaitu feeding batubara yang masih kurang dan jarak waktu dumping antar hauler yang masih besar. Untuk meningkatkan productivity crusher FC01 dan crusher FC02 perlu dilakukan re-engineering pada area hopper agar dapat menerima feeding yang lebih besar dan perbaikan area manuver agar dapat diterapkan metode double dump. Langkah yang diambil yaitu dengan penambahan wings pada area hopper crusher FC01 dan penambahan stopper pada hopper crusher FC02 agar dapat dilakukan teknik double dump untuk meningkatkan productivity masing-masing crusher. Hasil dari project ini yaitu adanya perubahan area manuver di area dumping hopper FC01 dan FC02 yang menghabiskan biaya sebesar Rp196.215.000,00 dan terdapat perbaikan pada area hopper FC01 dengan menambahkan wings pada sisi kiri dan kanan hopper serta penambahan stopper pada area hopper FC02 yang menghabiskan biaya sebesar Rp166.140.000,00 dengan total keseluruhan biaya sebesar Rp362.355.000,00. Setelah diterapkan metode double dump pada crusher FC01 dan FC02, productivity crusher FC01 meningkat menjadi 500 tph dan FC02 meningkat menjadi 354 tph dengan total proyeksi revenue yang didapat pada akhir tahun 2018 sebesar $36,672,864. Kata kunci : crusher, double dump, productivity, cost ABSTRACT PT. Mifa Bersaudara in 2018 planned to conduct 5 million tons of coal sales. With a large sales target, a good support from the production units is a must. Therefore, the coal getting operation that used to utilize Off High Way Trucks (OHT) in 2017 replaced those units with 30T class trucks with more units. As a result of increased production plan in 2018, improvements for the FC01 and FC02 crushers need to be done. FC01 crusher has a production capacity of 750 tph with an actual year to date in 2017 averaged in 342 tph. FC02 with a production capacity of 450 tph with an actual year to date figure averaged in 350 tph. There are several parameters that affect the productivity of the FC01 and FC02 crushers. Some of the parameters have not been achieved, such as the lack of coal feeding and long-time dumping intervals between each hauler. In order to increase the productivity of FC01 crushers and FC02 crushers it is necessary to re-engineer the hopper area so that it can receive greater feeding and improve the maneuver area to apply double dump technique. The next step was to re-engineer the hopper with the addition of wings to the FC01 crusher's hopper area and addition of stopper to the FC02 crusher's hopper so that a double dump technique can be used to increase the productivity of each crusher. The results of maneuver area improvement are the wider maneuvering dumping area in the FC01 and FC02. This stage costs Rp196.215.000,00 . The second stage which is the addition of wings on the left and right sides of the hopper and adding stopper in the FC02 hopper area costs Rp166.140.000,00 and the total of costs Rp362.355.000,00 . After the double dump method was applied to the FC01 and FC02 crushers, the FC01 crusher productivity increased to 500 tph and FC02 increased to 354 tph with a total revenue projection obtained at the end of 2018 of $36,672,864. Keyword : crusher, double dump, productivity, cost
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Ziauddin, A. T. M., and S. C. Das. "Development of a Manually Operated Oyster Shell Crusher." Journal of Agricultural Machinery and Bioresources Engineering 3, no. 1 & 2 (1996): 117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.61361/jambe.v3i12.74.
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A manually operated oyster shell crusher was fabricated and evaluated. The crusher consists of two knurling rollers, two gears, two bush bearings, two adjustment bolts, one handle, one hopper and a tray. When the crushing rollers was powered by hand through a handle, the oyster shell as received through the hopper was crushed by the rotating rollers. The performance tests indicated that the device could crush 17.80, 7.51, 3.7 3.76 kg/hr in Ist phase of reduction, 2nd phase of reduction and 3rd phase of reduction, respectively. The average efficiency of the device was found to be 97%. The crusher can be used for crushing of oyster shell, snails etc. with high satisfaction.
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Zhang, Zilong, Tingzhi Ren, and Jiayuan Cheng. "Constant Wear Criterion for Optimization of the Crushing Chamber of Cone Crushers." Minerals 12, no. 7 (2022): 807. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12070807.
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The crushing chamber is the core component of a cone crusher, consisting of mantle and concave parts. Reducing the impact of crushing chamber wear on the performance of cone crushers and the quality of crushed products while extending the service life of the mantle and concave has become a significant research challenge. The impact of the compression ratio and particle size distribution coefficient on the particle crushing pressure is investigated here in order to establish the particle pressure model. The effect of the normal and tangential components of particle crushing pressure on the wear of the mantle and concave is discussed, and the wear with the increase in crushed products and accumulation of operating time is explored in order to develop a wear model of the crushing chamber. By evaluating the compensation of the worn crushing chamber according to the adjustment mechanism of the mantle, a constant wear criterion for the crushing chamber of the cone crusher is proposed. Through analysis of industrial experimental data on an experimental prototype of a ZS200MF cone crusher with an optimized mantle and concave, the capacity was found to fluctuate at 83.45 t/h with no apparent downward trend, the calibration size production was reduced by 6.2%, and the wear similarity coefficient was 8.82%. This indicates that replacing the optimized mantle and concave based on the constant wear criterion maintains the performance of the cone crusher, delays the decline in the quality of the crushed products, and ensures similarity between the adjusted worn crushing chamber and the initial crushing chamber, which verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the constant wear criterion for the optimization of crushing chamber. Based on the constant wear criterion, cone crushers can be optimized to obtain a crushing chamber with constant wear characteristics, which provides theoretical support for the development of new high-efficiency cone crushers as well as the optimization of existing equipment.
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Hadi, N. A. A., Lim Hui Yee, K. A. M. Annuar, et al. "Development of an automatic can crusher using programmable logic controller." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 9, no. 3 (2019): 1795. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v9i3.pp1795-1804.
Full textAbstract:
The invention of a can crusher machine in this project is to reduce the wasted storage space occupied by the tremendous amount of use aluminium can at the commercial establishment like in the restaurant, cafeteria and bar. Basically, can crusher machine be operated in manual effort and time in the can crushing process. Shrinking the initial volume of empty used-aluminium cans down to 50% in more effective, faster and effortless way, as well as to develop a low-cost device that is suitable for the small-industry usage are mainly the objectives for the Automatic Can Crusher, where an automated process is executed in Automatic Can Crusher due to the automation in the modern world is inevitable and nominal to be used. The Automatic Can Crusher is run by a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) with the aid of an inductive and capacitive sensor, where it is applied to detect whether the object is metal or non-metal. Overall, the system can be controlled manually through the push start and stop button as well as using the Human Machine Interface (HMI) using NB-Designer, for displaying the total of cans being crushed per day. The average result of empty can could shrink from 31% to 60 % of the original value, by using the attuned and compatible pressure for this system.
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Yang, Guang Yan, and Bao Jun Wang. "Cone Crusher Simulation Based on PFC3D." Advanced Materials Research 889-890 (February 2014): 82–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.889-890.82.
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As the movement condition of the material in crushers and crushing process is very complex, it is hard to measure and observation directly or indirectly. It helps a lot for analyzing of the raw material and crusher interaction, optimizing design crusher, analyzing of the law crushing to analyze the crushing process of the material in the crushers. Therefore, the article explores the use of PFC3Dprogram to simulate the process of cone crushers crushing the material. It analyses the feasibility of using PFC3Dprogram to simulate the crushing process. It does the kinematics simulation of the material crushing in cone crusher. The data in the paper can provide certain reference in designing new and more efficient crusher.
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Pawar, Mayuri, Prasad Mane, Onkar Wadtile, Manasi Mogal, and S. M. Lambor. "Design of Can Crusher." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 10 (2023): 1269–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.56058.
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Abstract: Present study has focused on the design of a domestic aluminum can crusher this will be used to shred empty beverage cans and recycle them back into the industry. It promote sustainability in the beverage production sector. The Young's modulus, density, yield strength, and Poisson's ratio of steel and aluminum, among other parameters, were taken into consideration during the design computation of the crusher. Catia was used to model each individual component as well as the entire machine assembly.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Can crusher"
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Fontana, Quentin P. V. "Speed and temperature effects in the energy absorption of axially crushed composite tubes." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1990. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/205359.
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Tubes of glass reinforced thermosetting resins have been tested in axial compression between steel platens with one end chamfered to prevent critically high loads causing catastrophic centre failure. By testing in such a manner these tubes crush in a progressive and controlled manner, and are capable of exhibiting high levels of energy absorption, particularly when related to the material mass involved. Polymers are known to display viscoelastic behaviour and polymer composites are similarly sensitive to test speed and temperature. Energy absorption in tube crushing has been shown to be speed and temperature sensitive and the purpose of this project has been to understand the variability of the energy absorption and the associated mechanisms. The main aim has been to show how the two variables interrelate. The materials used have been produced by hot rolling of pre-preg cloth or by resinjection into closed moulds. Reinforcement has consisted of woven glass cloth or random glass mat; matrix materials have been epoxy and polyester resins. Trends to higher values of specific energy absorption with increasing speed have been observed for epoxy matrix tubes, while polyester matrix tubes have shown less certain trends and give lower values of specific energy absorption at high speeds. All the tubes have shown a rapid drop in specific energy absorption with increasing temperature above normal room temperature, with changes in crush mode being very apparent. At temperatures in excess of about 100 degrees C the tubes have failed by centre buckling, the transition temperature from normal crushing to buckling being sensitive to the crush speed. The interrelation between speed and temperature effects has been examined. Three factors that prevent simple interrelation have been identified; these are inertial effects of crush debris, residual stresses in the hoop direction of the tube and frictional heating in the crush zone. Speed sensitivity of the energy absorption has been determined over a range of temperatures and various features of these responses related to the responses of the material properties. Frictional temperature rises have been modelled mathematically and the predictions have been shown to be reasonably consistent with experimental measurements. These temperature rises have been shown to be important in determining the speed sensitive behaviour of the energy absorption levels, particularly for polyester resin matrix tubes tested at high speeds.
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Fernandes, Carolina. "Produtividade e qualidade dos frutos do tomateiro do grupo cereja cultivado em substratos à base de areia /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105181.
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Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial de utilização e reutilização de substratos à base de areia, para o cultivo do tomateiro do grupo cereja, cultivar Sindy, com dois volumes de água aplicados por irrigação. Definiu-se V1 como o volume de água necessário para promover a drenagem dos vasos preenchidos com o substrato areia. O volume de água aplicado por irrigação V2 correspondeu a 75% do volume de V1. Os sete substratos resultaram da combinação de diferentes proporções volumétricas de três componentes: areia, bagaço de cana-de-açúcar e casca de amendoim. Os substratos foram utilizados em um cultivo e reutilizados em um segundo cultivo. O bagaço de cana-de-açúcar e a casca de amendoim podem ser utilizados na composição de substratos à base de areia, para o cultivo do tomateiro do grupo cereja. A maior produtividade foi obtida nos substratos não reutilizados e com o volume de água aplicado por irrigação V1. A reutilização do substrato composto por partes iguais dos três componentes promoveu aumento da densidade e do volume de água facilmente disponível, e redução da porosidade total, do espaço de aeração e do volume de água remanescente. Os teores de nutrientes foram maiores nos substratos reutilizados. A redução de 25% no volume de água aplicado por irrigação não alterou as propriedades físicas, mas proporcionou aumento dos teores de nutrientes nos substratos. A qualidade dos frutos não foi afetada pelos substratos, pelos volumes de água aplicados por irrigação e pela reutilização dos substratos. Pode-se propor a classificação, para tomate cereja, associando-se o diâmetro e o peso dos frutos.<br>Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the use and reuse of substrates consisted of sand, for cherry tomato growth, with two irrigation rates, at Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil (21°14'05" S, 48°17'09" W). The substrates were used during a growth period and reuse in the second one. The irrigation rate I1 was defined as the amount of water necessary to fall in drops from the pots filled up with sand. The irrigation rate I2 was 75% of the irrigation rate I1. The seven substrates were consisted of different combinations of three materials: sand, crushed sugar-cane and peanut bark. The crushed sugar-cane and peanut bark can be used to compose the substrates consisted of sand for cherry tomate growth. The highest cherry tomato yield was obtained from the non reused substrate and with the irrigation rate I1. The reuse of the substrate consisted of equal parts of the three components caused an increasing of the bulk density and easily available water content, and a decreasing of the total porosity, aeration space and remaining water content. The nutrients levels were higher in the reused substrates. A 25% reduction in the irrigation rate did not affect the physical properties of the substrates, but increased the nutrient levels of them. The fruit quality was not affected by the substrates, the irrigation rates and the reuse of substrates. It is possible to classify the cherry tomato by diameter and weight.<br>Orientador: José Eduardo Corá<br>Coorientadora: Leila Trevizan Braz<br>Banca: Arthur Bernandes Cecílio Filho<br>Banca: Cleide Aparecida de Abreu<br>Banca: Atelene Normann Kampf<br>Banca: Luiz Carlos Pavani<br>Doutor
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Fernandes, Carolina [UNESP]. "Produtividade e qualidade dos frutos do tomateiro do grupo cereja cultivado em substratos à base de areia." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105181.
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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
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fernandes_c_dr_jabo.pdf: 1086601 bytes, checksum: 5d8944bd49d4e986c8d08f3ddcbcea51 (MD5)<br>Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)<br>O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial de utilização e reutilização de substratos à base de areia, para o cultivo do tomateiro do grupo cereja, cultivar Sindy, com dois volumes de água aplicados por irrigação. Definiu-se V1 como o volume de água necessário para promover a drenagem dos vasos preenchidos com o substrato areia. O volume de água aplicado por irrigação V2 correspondeu a 75% do volume de V1. Os sete substratos resultaram da combinação de diferentes proporções volumétricas de três componentes: areia, bagaço de cana-de-açúcar e casca de amendoim. Os substratos foram utilizados em um cultivo e reutilizados em um segundo cultivo. O bagaço de cana-de-açúcar e a casca de amendoim podem ser utilizados na composição de substratos à base de areia, para o cultivo do tomateiro do grupo cereja. A maior produtividade foi obtida nos substratos não reutilizados e com o volume de água aplicado por irrigação V1. A reutilização do substrato composto por partes iguais dos três componentes promoveu aumento da densidade e do volume de água facilmente disponível, e redução da porosidade total, do espaço de aeração e do volume de água remanescente. Os teores de nutrientes foram maiores nos substratos reutilizados. A redução de 25% no volume de água aplicado por irrigação não alterou as propriedades físicas, mas proporcionou aumento dos teores de nutrientes nos substratos. A qualidade dos frutos não foi afetada pelos substratos, pelos volumes de água aplicados por irrigação e pela reutilização dos substratos. Pode-se propor a classificação, para tomate cereja, associando-se o diâmetro e o peso dos frutos.<br>The objective of this work was to evaluate the use and reuse of substrates consisted of sand, for cherry tomato growth, with two irrigation rates, at Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil (21°14'05 S, 48°17'09 W). The substrates were used during a growth period and reuse in the second one. The irrigation rate I1 was defined as the amount of water necessary to fall in drops from the pots filled up with sand. The irrigation rate I2 was 75% of the irrigation rate I1. The seven substrates were consisted of different combinations of three materials: sand, crushed sugar-cane and peanut bark. The crushed sugar-cane and peanut bark can be used to compose the substrates consisted of sand for cherry tomate growth. The highest cherry tomato yield was obtained from the non reused substrate and with the irrigation rate I1. The reuse of the substrate consisted of equal parts of the three components caused an increasing of the bulk density and easily available water content, and a decreasing of the total porosity, aeration space and remaining water content. The nutrients levels were higher in the reused substrates. A 25% reduction in the irrigation rate did not affect the physical properties of the substrates, but increased the nutrient levels of them. The fruit quality was not affected by the substrates, the irrigation rates and the reuse of substrates. It is possible to classify the cherry tomato by diameter and weight.
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Šrámek, Jiří. "Stavebně technologický projekt výrobní a administrativní haly ATX." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-392191.
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The subject of this master’s thesis is a solution of chosen parts of building construction project. The project solves industrial hall that contains productions and administrative space. This thesis includes technological regulations for substructure, study of performing the main technological stages, design of using machines, checking and testing plans. Other phrases parts are time schedules, budget, calculations, design of site equipment including engineering report and report for performing access road. Starting materials, which were used for this thesis, were engineering report also including working drawings.
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Chung, Chia-Li, and 鍾嘉勵. "Assisted peripheral nerve recovery by KMUP-1, an activator of large-conductance Ca2+-activated potassium channel, in a rat model of sciatic nerve crush injury." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57582329200603808247.
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碩士<br>高雄醫學大學<br>臨床醫學研究所<br>100<br>Background
Axonal regeneration in peripheral nerve after injury is a complicated process. Numerous cytokines, growth factors, channels, kinases, and receptors are involved, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) has been implicated in the pathogenesis subsequent to nerve injury. In this study, the effect of KMUP-1, an activator of large-conductance Ca2+-activated potassium channel, on functional recovery, myelinated axon growth, and immunoreactivity of MMP-9 was evaluated in rats subjected to sciatic nerve crush injury.
Method
A total of 144 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the following six groups (n = 24/group): Group 1, sham-operated; Group 2, sciatic nerve injury without treatment; Group 3, injured and vehicle-treated; Group 4, injured and treated with 1 mM KMUP-1 by topical application; Group 5, injured and treated with 10 mM KMUP-1; and Group 6, injured and treated with 50 mM KMUP-1. Functional recovery was evaluated using walking track analysis at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks (n = 6/group at each time point) after injury. In addition, the number of myelinated axons and MMP-9 in the nerve was also examined.
Findings
Animals subjected to sciatic nerve crush injury had decreased motor function, reduced number of myelinated axons, and increased MMP-9 in the nerve. Treatment with KMUP-1 concentration-dependently improved functional recovery, increased the number of myelinated axons, and decreased MMP-9.
Conclusions
These results suggest that KMUP-1 may be a novel agent for assisting peripheral nerve recovery after injury. The beneficial effect is probably due to known ability of the compound in activating the nitric oxide/cGMP/protein kinase G pathway.
Books on the topic "Can crusher"
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Juggernaut: Why the system crushes the only people who can save it. New Classic Books, 2010.
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Round 2: When Life Crushed Jenna's Plan, Can Love Put It Back Together Again? Independently Published, 2021.
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Goldman, Alex. You Can Crash the Towers but You Cannot Crush America. Xlibris Corporation, 2002.
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Uncontrolled Spread: Why COVID-19 Crushed Us and How We Can Defeat the Next Pandemic. Harper, 2021.
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Gottlieb, Scott. Uncontrolled Spread: Why COVID-19 Crushed Us and How We Can Defeat the Next Pandemic. HarperCollins Publishers, 2021.
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Gottlieb, Scott. Uncontrolled Spread: Why COVID-19 Crushed Us and How We Can Defeat the Next Pandemic. HarperCollins B and Blackstone Publishing, 2021.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Can crusher"
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Hsieh, Wen Hsiang, and Tien Sheng Chang. "Creative Design of Metal Can Crushers with Eight Links." In Materials Science Forum. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-990-3.925.
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Speer, Alexis Marie, and Mahua Choudhury. "Nanotechnology: Can It Be a Crusader in Diabesity?" In Obesity and Diabetes. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53370-0_70.
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Guarnieri, Patrizia. "L’Ateneo durante il regime fascista." In Dialoghi con la società. Firenze University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0282-4.12.
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In 1931, none of the Florentine academics refused to take the oath of allegiance to Fascism, as very few did throughout Italy. Yet, just six years earlier, the signatories of the so-called Croce manifesto from the University of Florence were more numerous than those from Rome and Turin. The leggi fascistissime crushed open dissent; pressures, recommendations, and violence isolated and silenced it. In the specific context of the university community in Florence, this article examines the different behaviors of its members: surrender, responsibility, conformism, resistance that remained in the shadows, social, gender and racist discrimination, voluntary and forcing removal, opportunism. A history of which we still do not know enough, and whose consequences would go beyond the fascist ventennio.
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Lunning, Frenchy. "The Crush." In After the "Speculative Turn". punctum books, 2016. https://doi.org/10.21983/p3.0152.1.10.
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As an adolescent, I could mark time by the incessant epistemes of crushes I had experienced as I careened through junior high school, and beyond. Only a very small percentage of these emo-tional junkets were actualized as relationships, and most were only a subject of extreme embarrassment at the erotic obsession with an entirely inappropriate, or horrifyingly inexplicable, and thankfully, unsuspecting subject. The whole phenomenon of the crush puzzled me as it was always completely out of my control and never fully explained, except for a “wink-wink” moment in the special girls-only classes on menstruation and “love” that were de rigeur for young schoolgirls of the 1960s. But using the very particular apparatus of object-oriented ontology and its ex-cellent mechanism of “allure,” I feel I can perhaps abolish some of the mysterious shame of my youth, and explain its periodic persistence. It is these ephemeral, inexplicable phenomena that are such excellent subjects for this speculative realistic mecha-nism: those things in the existence of subjects that defy all rea-sonable explanation.
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Li, Yongxiang, Lijuan Yang, Xiao Li, Yongfei Li, Qiang Zhang, and Shoude Pang. "Mechanical Properties and Micromechanism of Geopolymers to Replace Cement Stabilized Crushed Stone." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1748-8_4.
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AbstractIn order to realize the resource utilization of solid waste, the principle of alkali excitation is used to prepare geopolymers with fly ash, mineral powder and wet carbide slag as the main materials to replace part of the cement as the cementing material for the pavement base. Geopolymer-stabilized crushed stone was prepared by compounding cement and aggregate with geopolymer, and the unconfined compression strength, indirect tensile strength, compression rebound modulus, scour resistance and microscopic X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests were carried out to study the effect of the change of geopolymer content on the mechanical properties of geopolymer-stabilized crushed stone and its mechanism. The test results show that when adding 30% geopolymer, the mechanical properties similar to those of cement can be obtained to a certain extent. XRD and SEM analysis showed that the geopolymer provided appropriate amount of silico-alumina and calcareous components to form calcium silicate hydrate (C–S–H) and calcium silicate (aluminum) hydrate (C–(A) –S–H) condensation. The glue can form a dense structure and increase the strength of the mixture.
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Payas Puigarnau, Gertrudis, and Fernando Ulloa. "Chapter 3. Interpreters of Mapudungun and the Chilean State during the 1880–1930 period." In Benjamins Translation Library. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/btl.159.03pay.
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During the second half of the 19th century, the Chilean military crushed the Mapuche resistance and opened their territories for the occupation of Chilean and European settlers and the founding of cities. This process implied profound changes in the indigenous society, now forced to interact in Spanish with the administration. Bilingual Mapuche or of mixed origin were key in this process, acting as interpreters. Within this context of colonial domination and resistance and adaptation, we focus our attention on some families of interpreters and interpretation practices that can provide clues to understand the social, political, and linguistic dynamics while serving as indicators of the power relationships between languages and the groups that spoke them.
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Haschemi Yekani, Elahe. "Foundations: Defoe and Equiano." In Familial Feeling. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58641-6_2.
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AbstractThis chapter discusses Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe and Olaudah Equiano’s The Interesting Narrative as foundational texts of emergent enlightenment thinking about the subject in relation to modernity and slavery. The aesthetics of their entangled foundational tonality is characterised by self-reflexive descriptions of psychological interiority, a retrospective temporal framework, religious conversion, and a belief in the emerging modern market economy. While both self-made men develop an emotive claim to Britishness, the representation of familial feelings remains stifled. In contrast to insular adventurer Robinson Crusoe, former slave Olaudah Equiano’s life story is much more strongly reliant on bonds to establish commonality. Moreover, their constructions of masculinity are spatially distinct. While Equiano’s “oceanic” identity is mostly formed in movement on the sea, Crusoe’s “insular” version seems to fend off any form of Otherness. For Equiano claiming familiarity is instrumental in the process of being recognised as a citizen, for Crusoe, the flight from familial obligations is part of the narrative appeal of his adventure. Thus, this chapter argues that while Black writing is often dismissed as imitative, it is in fact the marginalised perspective of the ex-slave that can be considered foundational of a more realistic description of intersubjectivity in English writing.
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Yang, Zhihao, Linbing Wang, Dongwei Cao, Rongxu Li, and Hailu Yang. "Test and Evaluation for Performance of Composite Pavement Structure." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1260-3_25.
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AbstractPerpetual pavement has become an important research field of highway development in China. Reasonable selection of pavement structure and ensuring the durability of the structure are one of the necessary measures to build perpetual pavements. The inverted asphalt pavement structure can not only provide high strength and good bearing capacity of semi-rigid base, but also make use of the graded crushed stones for restraining the reflection cracks of semi-rigid base. This paper presented a study on three pavement structures are, namely, a semi-rigid asphalt pavement and two inverted asphalt pavements. The performances of the three pavement structures after one million loading repetition are obtained. Taking rutting depth, deflection and dynamic response as evaluation indexes, the feasibility of inverted asphalt pavement structure as perpetual pavement structure is evaluated. It is found that the composite asphalt pavement structure with permeable asphalt mixture of large particle size as base and cement stabilized macadam as subbase has the best performance as perpetual pavement.
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Yaghoubi, A. Seyed, P. Begeman, G. Newaz, D. Board, Y. Chen, and O. Faruque. "Rigid Angular Impact Responses of a Generic Steel Vehicle Front Bumper and Crush Can: Correlation of Two Velocity-Measurement Techniques." In Dynamic Behavior of Materials, Volume 1. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06995-1_37.
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Yaghoubi, A. Seyed, P. Begeman, G. Newaz, D. Board, Y. Chen, and O. Faruque. "Force-Time History Assessment of a Generic Steel Vehicle Front Bumper and Crush Can Subjected to a Rigid Center Pole Impact." In Dynamic Behavior of Materials, Volume 1. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06995-1_38.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Can crusher"
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Hernando-Revenga, Manuel, Nerea Hurtado-Alonso, Javier Manso-Morato, et al. "Initial Approach to a Self-Compacting Concrete with Waste from Crushed Wind Turbine Blade." In Technology Enabled Civil Infrastructure Engineering & Management Conference. Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4028/p-d7gysb.
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Wind energy has been making its way into renewable energies until today, experiencing a continuous growth worlwide that leads to the urgent task of reflecting on and solving the issue of the recycling of the wind turbine blades. Their complex composition causes that currently there is no a widely acepted solution for it. This study evaluates the incorporation of waste from the crushing of wind turbine blades, which contains fibers, into self-compacting concrete, which can be used for producing any construction element. Therefore, five concrete mixes were made with different percentages of this waste, including a reference mix without this waste. The addition of waste increased the content of fibers in the concrete, which in turn implied an increase in the water/cement ratio. This situation led to a worsening of the mechanical performance of concrete as the waste amount increased, although it was partially compensated by the stitching effect of the fibers. The concrete mix with 1.5% in volume of this waste exhibited flexural and compressive strengths very similar to those of the reference concrete. This shows that incorporating the waste from the crushing of wind turbine blades can allow to produce structural self-compacting concrete.
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Fisher, Gary, David Crick, John Wolodko, Duane Kichton, and Leo Parent. "Impact Testing of Materials for Oil Sands Processing Applications." In CORROSION 2007. NACE International, 2007. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2007-07682.
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Abstract One of the main wear mechanisms experienced by materials in oil sands processing applications is material-loss due to impact. Components such as crushers, breakers and sizing screens can be subject to impact damage due to the presence of rocks and boulders. In the winter, the degree of impact damage can be increased, as sand and bitumen can consolidate into large agglomerates. In conjunction with Suncor Energy, the Alberta Research Council has designed and built a test rig to allow for the evaluation of a material’s resistance to repeated impact. This paper will describe the design of the rig and the associated test procedure. Results are presented for a range of materials, including tungsten carbide-based overlays, chromium carbide-based overlays and non-metallic materials.
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Sullivan, Gerald A., and Jon-Michael Hardin. "The Can Crusher Project: A Multi-Semester Design Project to Enhance Retention of Engineering Skill Sets." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-47417.
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This paper describes a three semester long project which promotes the development and retention of engineering skill-sets by involving students in the design and fabrication of a can-crushing device. The can-crusher project was inspired by spiral learning theory and provides opportunities for students to practice engineering skill sets, including CAD, programming, machining and working with practical electronics. The paper details the implementation of the project and shows how the project addresses skill-set deficits that can occur in conventional curricula. Finally, modifications to the content/organization of the can-crusher project are proposed based on the experiences of the first group of students to complete the three semester sequence.
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Fehrmann, Henning. "Westinghouse Modular Grinding Process: Improvement for Follow on Processes." In ASME 2013 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2013-96132.
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In nuclear power plants (NPP) ion exchange (IX) resins are used in several systems for water treatment. The resins can be in bead or powdered form. For waste treatment of spent IX resins, two methods are basically used: • Direct immobilization (e.g. with cement, bitumen, polymer or High Integrity Container (HIC)) • Thermal treatment (e.g. drying, oxidation or pyrolysis) Bead resins have some properties (e.g. particle size and density) that can have negative impacts on following waste treatment processes. Negative impacts could be: • Floatation of bead resins in cementation process • Sedimentation in pipeline during transportation • Poor compaction properties for Hot Resin Supercompaction (HRSC) Reducing the particle size of the bead resins can have beneficial effects enhancing further treatment processes and overcoming prior mentioned effects. Westinghouse Electric Company has developed a modular grinding process to crush/grind the bead resins. This modular process is designed for flexible use and enables a selective adjustment of particle size to tailor the grinding system to the customer needs. The system can be equipped with a crusher integrated in the process tank and if necessary a colloid mill. The crusher reduces the bead resins particle size and converts the bead resins to a pump able suspension with lower sedimentation properties. With the colloid mill the resins can be ground to a powder. Compared to existing grinding systems this equipment is designed to minimize radiation exposure of the worker during operation and maintenance. Using the crushed and/or ground bead resins has several beneficial effects like facilitating cementation process and recipe development, enhancing oxidation of resins, improving the Hot Resin Supercompaction volume reduction performance.
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Dhananjaya, M. M. P., P. Gajanan, R. G. T. I. Bandara, and I. M. T. N. Illankoon. "Identification of the optimum replacement ratio of quarry dust as a substitute for sand and cement in cement plastering." In International Symposium on Earth Resources Management & Environment - ISERME 2024. Division of Sustainable Resources Engineering, Hokkaido University, Japan, 2024. https://doi.org/10.31705/iserme.2024.12.
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River sand and cement are important construction materials, but their scarcity creates significant challenges for the construction industry. Quarry dust is being explored as a possible alternative, as crushed rock is a common aggregate source in Sri Lanka. Therefore, this study focuses on determining the possibility of using quarry dust as a partial replacement for cement and river sand in plastering mortar. Selected Manampitiya river sand and quarry dust from four quarries were subjected to sieve analysis (ASTM C136). Four quarry dust samples obtained from two different crusher types (cone crusher and vertical shaft impact crusher) were sieved to separate 0.1-2.36 mm particles and <0.1 mm particles to replace with sand and cement, respectively. Plastering mortar’s cement-sand ratio was selected as 1:5 and developed in 12 mix proportions, varying the replacement of sand with quarry dust (0.1-2.36 mm particles) at 0%, 33%, 50% and 100%, as well as the replacement of cement with quarry dust (<0.1 mm particles) at 0%, 5% and 10%. The flow table test (ASTM C1437) was performed for each mix proportion to obtain the water-cement ratio of plastering mortar, which gives acceptable workability (105-115 mm). Four 50 mm cubic specimens from each mix proportion were prepared according to the obtained water-cement ratio. The cubic compression test (ASTM C109M) and water absorption test (ASTM C140) were performed for the cubic specimens after the completion of the 28-day curing period. Results indicate that the sand and quarry dust samples analysed are poorly graded. An increase in quarry dust in the plastering mortar reduced the workability, but it reached an acceptable range with a water-cement ratio of 1.1-1.2. All tested specimens indicate compressive strength >3 MPa, which was the minimum strength required for plastering. The compressive strength results indicate that the cement replacement can be further increased with 100% sand replacement. The durability of plaster slightly reduces with an increase in quarry dust proportion, indicating a maximum of 2.4% increment in water absorption for a 100% sand-replaced, 10% cement-replaced specimen compared to a specimen made from 100% sand. Furthermore, 100% sand replacement can achieve a cost reduction of 27%. Hence, it is recommended to replace sand 100% with quarry dust 0.1-2.36 mm particles for cement plastering.
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Feng, Yanbiao, Wenming Zhang, Jue Yang, and Zuomin Dong. "Design Optimization of a Three-Stage Planetary Gear Reducer Using Genetic Algorithm." In ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97387.
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Abstract The multi-stage reducer, especially the planetary gear reducer, usually serves in heavy-duty machinery such as shield tunneling machine, tracked excavator, mining truck and crusher. Those application areas require great load capacity, long life, and high geometrical mechanical performance, and the high ratio so on. This paper first presents a novel architecture of three-stage reducer. To achieve those objectives collectively, this paper presents an optimization methodology based on genetic algorithm (GA). The geometrical volume is set as objective function. The gear module, teeth number, and gear face width are chosen as design variables, taking the life, geometrical spacing, efficiency and load capacity, etc. as constraints. The optimization results are satisfactory and can help designer to employ novel architecture by fulfilling requirements.
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Dixit, Y., P. Begeman, G. Newaz, D. Board, Y. Chen, and O. Faruque. "Full Frontal Impact Comparison of Steel and Carbon Fiber Composite Front Bumper Crush Can (FBCC) Structures." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-87110.
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This study compares the deformation characteristics of steel and carbon fiber composite (CFC) front bumper crush can (FBCC) assemblies when subjected to a full-overlap frontal impact into a rigid wall. Both the steel and composite bumper tests were conducted using a sled-on-sled testing method. Several high-speed cameras (HSCs) and accelerometers were used to gather kinematics data. The applied forces were measured using a load cell wall. For each test, the collective set of data was filtered, sorted, and analyzed to compare the performance of the steel and CFC bumpers. Similarities in Acceleration-Time plots suggested resemblance in the deformation patterns for both types of bumper systems. The difference observed in the velocity and displacement time-histories was because of the brittle nature of the composite material. The velocity-time history of the CFC FBCC had two distinct patterns, events suggesting adhesive bond failure between the bumper beam and the crush cans, which was validated through video tracking. Post-impact photographs showed a clear difference between the material behavior of composite and steel bumpers when subjected to high-velocity impact. The steel bumper beam was bent uniformly with intact, equally crushed crush cans. The composite beam was cracked in the middle and was detached from the crush cans.
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Jovanović, Ivana, Ivan Svrkota, and Vesna Conić. "Application of SAG mill-ball mill grinding systems in copper mines of Eastern Serbia." In Rudarstvo i geologija danas. Rudarski institut d.o.o. Beograd, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5937/rgd24002j.
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The current trend in comminution energy consumption shows an increasingly upward projection, which is likely to escalate into the future due to the need to grind ores, which are rapidly becoming low-grade and fine-grained, finer for liberation. Among the higher capacity unit technologies for grinding, SAG mill grinding has proven over the years to be an attractive and preferred technology and highly effective for grinding ore in a concentrator. The major acknowledged advantage of SAG mills is the massive throughput that can be achieved through a single unit. The ability to accept feed of up to 300 mm eliminates the need for crushing beyond the primary crusher. In recent years, copper mines in Serbia also followed a trend of moving from conventional to more innovative crushing and grinding processes. This paper presents the basic characteristics of a typical SAG mill, its application in grinding circuits, and in more detail, emphasizes new technological schemes of grinding, and operating characteristics of SAG mills installed in Čukaru Peki, Veliki Krivelj and Majdanpek copper mines in Eastern Serbia.
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Dempsey, J. F., V. Romero, N. Breivik, et al. "Can-Crush Model and Simulations for Verifying Uncertainty Quantification Method for Sparse Stress-Strain Curve Data." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-65245.
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This work examines the variability of predicted responses when multiple stress-strain curves (reflecting variability from replicate material tests) are propagated through a transient dynamics finite element model of a ductile steel can being slowly crushed. An elastic-plastic constitutive model is employed in the large-deformation simulations. The present work assigns the same material to all the can parts: lids, walls, and weld. Time histories of 18 response quantities of interest (including displacements, stresses, strains, and calculated measures of material damage) at several locations on the can and various points in time are monitored in the simulations. Each response quantity’s behavior varies according to the particular stress-strain curves used for the materials in the model. We estimate response variability due to variability of the input material curves. When only a few stress-strain curves are available from material testing, response variance will usually be significantly underestimated. This is undesirable for many engineering purposes. This paper describes the can-crush model and simulations used to evaluate a simple classical statistical method, Tolerance Intervals (TIs), for effectively compensating for sparse stress-strain curve data in the can-crush problem. Using the simulation results presented here, the accuracy and reliability of the TI method are being evaluated on the highly nonlinear input-to-output response mappings and non-standard response distributions in the can-crush UQ problem.
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Priante, Michelle, David Tyrell, and Benjamin Perlman. "A Collision Dynamics Model of a Multi-Level Train." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-13537.
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In train collisions, multi-level rail passenger vehicles can deform in modes that are different from the behavior of single level cars. The deformation in single level cars usually occurs at the front end during a collision. In one particular incident, a cab car buckled laterally near the back end of the car. The buckling of the car caused both lateral and vertical accelerations, which led to unanticipated injuries to the occupants. A three-dimensional collision dynamics model of a multi-level passenger train has been developed to study the influence of multi-level design parameters and possible train configuration variations on the reactions of a multi-level car in a collision. This model can run multiple scenarios of a train collision. This paper investigates two hypotheses that could account for the unexpected mode of deformation. The first hypothesis emphasizes the non-symmetric resistance of a multi-level car to longitudinal loads. The structure is irregular since the stairwells, supports for tanks, and draglinks vary from side to side and end to end. Since one side is less strong, that side can crush more during a collision. The second hypothesis uses characteristics that are nearly symmetric on each side. Initial imperfections in train geometry induce eccentric loads on the vehicles. For both hypotheses, the deformation modes depend on the closing speed of the collision. When the characteristics are non-symmetric, and the load is applied in-line, two modes of deformation are seen. At low speeds, the couplers crush, and the cars saw-tooth buckle. At high speeds, the front end of the cab car crushes, and the cars remain in-line. If an offset load is applied, the back stairwell of the first coach car crushes unevenly, and the cars saw-tooth buckle. For the second hypothesis, the characteristics are symmetric. At low speeds, the couplers crush, and the cars remain in-line. At higher speeds, the front end crushes, and the cars remain in-line. If an offset load is applied to a car with symmetric characteristics, the cars will saw-tooth buckle.
Reports on the topic "Can crusher"
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Lao, Xai, Bonnie Antoun, Amanda Jones, Kimberley Mac Donald, Andrew Stershic, and Brandon Talamini. 304L Can Crush Validation Studies. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1887335.
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Garcia, Lyan, James Rowland, and Jeb Tingle. Evaluation of geocell-reinforced backfill for airfield pavement repair. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42550.
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After an airfield has been attacked, temporary airfield pavement repairs should be accomplished quickly to restore flight operations. Often, the repairs are made with inadequate materials and insufficient manpower due to limited available resources. Legacy airfield damage repair (ADR) methods for repairing bomb damage consist of using bomb damage debris to fill the crater, followed by placement of crushed stone or rapid-setting flowable fill backfill with a foreign object debris (FOD) cover. While these backfill methods have provided successful results, they are heavily dependent on specific material and equipment resources that are not always readily available. Under emergency conditions, it is desirable to reduce the logistical burden while providing a suitable repair, especially in areas with weak subgrades. Geocells are cellular confinement systems of interconnected cells that can be used to reinforce geotechnical materials. The primary benefit of geocells is that lower quality backfill materials can be used instead of crushed stone to provide a temporary repair. This report summarizes a series of laboratory and field experiments performed to evaluate different geocell materials and geometries in combinations with a variety of soils to verify their effectiveness at supporting heavy aircraft loads. Results provide specific recommendations for using geocell technology for backfill reinforcement for emergency airfield repairs.
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Honegger, Wijewickreme, and Monroy. L52325 Assessment of Geosynthetic Fabrics to Reduce Soil Loads on Buried Pipelines - Phase I and II. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010398.
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High soil loads on buried pipelines can lead to unacceptably high pipeline strains developed in response to permanent ground displacement. Common causes of permanent ground displacement are related to slope instability as a result of heavy precipitation or ground subsidence. In addition, several permanent ground displacement hazards are related to earthquakes including surface fault displacement, triggered landslide movement, surface ground settlement related to liquefaction, and lateral spread displacement. Result: Four specific areas of investigation were completed: 1.Performed baseline tests in moist sand to confirm minimal difference in horizontal soil restraint between moist and dry sand. 2.Performed tests to gauge the variation in horizontal load reduction with separation between the pipe and an inclined trench wall lined with two layers of geotextile. 3.Performed tests in compacted 19 mm (0.75 in) minus sand and crushed limestone (referred to locally in British Columbia as road mulch) to attempt to provide larger difference between horizontal forces developed with and without lining a trench wall with geotextile. 4.Performed tests to attempt to confirm oblique horizontal-axial soil restraint behavior reported in small-scale tests and centrifuge tests. Benefit: Rather than undertake further physical testing to better understand how the presence of single or dual layers of geotextile fabric changes the mechanisms by which soil restraint develops for horizontal ground displacement, future efforts should focus on numerical simulation preferably using discrete element methods. Until full-scale test data are available to confirm consistent prediction of oblique horizontal-axial soil restraint, the practice of treating horizontal and axial soil springs independently in the analysis of buried pipeline response to ground displacement, as is the current practice, should be maintained.
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WAWERSIK, WOLFGANG R. One-Quarter-Scale Laboratory Crush Tests on Unconfined Waste Cans and a Confined Waste Package in Support of the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/780769.
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Wang, Han, Issam Qamhia, Erol Tutumluer, and Youngdae Kim. Effectiveness of Geosynthetics in Soil/Aggregate Stabilization—Evaluation Using Bender Element Sensor Technology. Illinois Center for Transportation, 2025. https://doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/25-007.
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This report presents laboratory evaluations of the effectiveness of geosynthetics in stabilizing unbound aggregate layers and develops design guidelines for using geosynthetic-stabilized pavements in Illinois. The research focused on quantifying benefits from geosynthetic mechanical stabilization and incorporating those benefits into pavement analysis and design procedures. An experimental program was conducted, including laboratory triaxial testing and large-scale test bed evaluations. Twelve geosynthetic products, including ten geogrids (integral or punched and drawn, welded, and woven) and two geotextiles (woven and nonwoven), were tested. Six common aggregate materials were evaluated, including dense-graded aggregates (e.g., IDOT CA 6, CA 6/10, partially crushed gravel, recycled concrete aggregate) and open-graded aggregates (AASHTO No. 57, IDOT RR 01) with selected geosynthetics. Bender element sensor technology was used to quantify modulus enhancement due to geosynthetic inclusion through increased shear wave velocity measurements. The study found that geosynthetics can enhance the modulus of aggregate layers, and both integral and welded geogrids generally outperformed woven geogrids and geotextiles. Proper matching between geogrid aperture size and aggregate particle size was essential for achieving effective interlocking in open-graded materials. The zone of influence for geogrids to form a mechanically stabilized layer was typically about 4 in. The results were integrated into finite element analysis (FEA) models to simulate pavement layered structures and solve for the response behavior. The vertical deviator stress computed on a subgrade using FEA was typically reduced when a geosynthetic was present at the base-subgrade layer interface, indicating a response benefit. Design guidelines were developed to recommend reduced aggregate base thicknesses when geosynthetics are used. These guidelines are intended to update IDOT’s Subgrade Stability Manual and the Bureau of Local Roads and Streets Manual for Class IV low-volume roads. This study provided ready-to-use recommendations for geosynthetic selection and its benefits based on the laboratory quantification of modulus enhancement used in the mechanistic pavement analysis.
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Engelke, Peter, David Bohl, Andrea Saldarriaga Jiménez, and Jason Marczak. Latin America and the Caribbean 2030: Future Scenarios. Inter-American Development Bank, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006521.
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Strategic foresight is critical to moving a country or region in the right direction. Leaders nearly everywhere in the world are overwhelmed by the crush of events, focusing their attention on the present rather than thelong term. Latin America and the Caribbean is no different. But complacency in thinking and planning for the future can no longer be the status quo. At a moment of profound regional and global transformation, the time is now to seize on policy directions that are most likely to take the region in the right direction. While Latin America and the Caribbean has many challenges, through foresight and strategy it could boost its position in the world -as Asia has done already. This publication makes the case for doing just that. Latin America has made incredible economic and political progress over the past decade. The prolonged commodity boom in the 2000s fueled higher growth rates than the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) average and generated a dramatic drop in the poverty rate and a huge explosion of the middle class. Today, 288 million, or one in three people, are considered middle class. At the same time, with a few notable exceptions, democratic institutions are stronger, with universal suffrage and regular elections now largely the norm. The key question for the future is whether the region can maintain momentum, particularly with China's slowing growth. The end of the commodity boom exposed underlying structural problems in Latin America and the Caribbean. Fiscal and institutional concerns, as well as other social and economic questions, were laid bare. Not only do the next nearly fifteen years require us to solve lingering issues that remain from the mid-teens, but a new direction must be charted so the region can maximize its inherent advantages and best compete in a rapidly changing world.
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Agassi, Menahem, Michael J. Singer, Eyal Ben-Dor, et al. Developing Remote Sensing Based-Techniques for the Evaluation of Soil Infiltration Rate and Surface Roughness. United States Department of Agriculture, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7586479.bard.
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The objective of this one-year project was to show whether a significant correlation can be established between the decreasing infiltration rate of the soil, during simulated rainstorm, and a following increase in the reflectance of the crusting soil. The project was supposed to be conducted under laboratory conditions, using at least three types of soils from each country. The general goal of this work was to develop a method for measuring the soil infiltration rate in-situ, solely from the reflectance readings, using a spectrometer. Loss of rain and irrigation water from cultivated fields is a matter of great concern, especially in arid, semi-arid regions, e.g. much of Israel and vast area in US, where water is a limiting factor for crop production. A major reason for runoff of rain and overhead irrigation water is the structural crust that is generated over a bare soils surface during rainfall or overhead irrigation events and reduces its infiltration rate (IR), considerably. IR data is essential for predicting the amount of percolating rainwater and runoff. Available information on in situ infiltration rate and crust strength is necessary for the farmers to consider: when it is necessary to cultivate for breaking the soil crust, crust strength and seedlings emergence, precision farming, etc. To date, soil IR is measured in the laboratory and in small-scale field plots, using rainfall simulators. This method is tedious and consumes considerable resources. Therefore, an available, non-destructive-in situ methods for soil IR and soil crusting levels evaluations, are essential for the verification of infiltration and runoff models and the evaluation of the amount of available water in the soil. In this research, soil samples from the US and Israel were subjected to simulated rainstorms of increasing levels of cumulative energies, during which IR (crusting levels) were measured. The soils from the US were studied simultaneously in the US and in Israel in order to compare the effect of the methodology on the results. The soil surface reflectance was remotely measured, using laboratory and portable spectrometers in the VIS-NIR and SWIR spectral region (0.4-2.5mm). A correlation coefficient spectra in which the wavelength, consisting of the higher correlation, was selected to hold the highest linear correlation between the spectroscopy and the infiltration rate. There does not appear to be a single wavelength that will be best for all soils. The results with the six soils in both countries indeed showed that there is a significant correlation between the infiltration rate of crusted soils and their reflectance values. Regarding the wavelength with the highest correlation for each soil, it is likely that either a combined analysis with more then one wavelength or several "best" wavelengths will be found that will provide useful data on soil surface condition and infiltration rate. The product of this work will serve as a model for predicting infiltration rate and crusting levels solely from the reflectance readings. Developing the aforementioned methodologies will allow increased utilization of rain and irrigation water, reduced runoff, floods and soil erosion hazards, reduced seedlings emergence problems and increased plants stand and yields.
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Car carrier truck driver dies when crushed by ramp of car carrier. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshsface05wi049.
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Worker crushed under car that dislodged from tow straps. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshsface10mi082.
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Restaurant co-owner fatally crushed by a dumbwaiter car. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshsface12ny033.
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