Academic literature on the topic 'Canadian history|European history'
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Journal articles on the topic "Canadian history|European history"
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Hoerder, Dirk. "Migration History as a Transcultural History of Societies." Journal of Migration History 1, no. 2 (2015): 121–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23519924-00102005.
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As ‘ethnic’ history — the nation-to-ethnic-ghetto version of migrant strategies — came to include the process of migration and the socialization, the ‘roots’ of the field were still traced to the Chicago School and Oscar Handlin. European scholarship in the initial stages centred on emigration to North America and followed us approaches. I discuss, to the 1950s, European and Canadian epistemologies of the field and briefly refer to research in other parts of the world. The essays discuss neglected, theoretically and conceptually complex origins of migration studies and history in the us: (1) the Chicago Women’s School of Sociology of Hull House reformers and women economists from the 1880s and the cluster of interdisciplinary scholars at Columbia University (Franz Boas et al.); (2) scholars at the University of Minnesota who included the migrants’ societies of origin; as well as (3) scholars in California (Bogardus, social distance scale) and (4) British Columbia who recovered data collected in the 1920s and read them in modern multicultural perspectives. Against these many threads the emphasis by Chicago scholars, E. Park in particular, and O. Handlin on disorganization and ‘marginal men’ are assessed.
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Reeves, Henry M., FrançOis-Marc Gagnon, and C. Stuart Houston. "“Codex canadiensis”, an early illustrated manuscript of Canadian natural history." Archives of Natural History 31, no. 1 (2004): 150–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2004.31.1.150.
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ABSTRACT: “Codex canadiensis” consists of 79 leaves with 180 illustrations of plants, birds, mammals, fishes, and a few fabulous animals. This manuscript arguably is the most obscure and enigmatic surviving document pertaining to the early natural history of French Canada. It was lost until 1930, when Baron Marc de Villiers first published a facsimile. Two inferior editions later appeared in Canada. The codex was acquired about 1949 by Oklahoma oil baron Thomas Gilcrease and then deposited in the Gilcrease Museum, Tulsa, Oklahoma. Under the direction of one of us (Gagnon), French-Canadian scholars have established the codex's author was Father Louis Nicolas (1634–c. 1678), a Jesuit priest who laboured among tribes along the St Lawrence River and the Great Lakes during 1664–1675. This rejects the previous attribution to Charles Bécard (correctly Bécart), Sieur de Granville. The codex likely was completed in part, if not entirely, after Nicolas' return to France in 1675, and it is closely related to a much larger undated work by Nicolas, “Histoire naturelle des Indes Occidentales”. “Codex canadiensis” is among the most valuable extant manuscripts illustrating the natural history of North America as explored by early European naturalists.
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Ravvin, Norman, Sherry Simon, Krzysztof Majer, et al. "Reviews and Interviews / Contributors." Text Matters, no. 5 (November 17, 2015): 247–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/texmat-2015-0018.
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This paper is an account of the conference titled Kanade, di goldene medine? Perspectives on Canadian-Jewish Literature and Culture / Perspectives sur la littérature et la culture juives canadiennes, which took place in Łódź in April, 2014 as a result of collaboration between the University of Łódź and Concordia University (Montreal). As a venue for discussing Canadian Jewish identity and its links with Poland, the conference supported a dialogue between Canadians, Polish Canadianists, and European scholars from further afield. Established and young scholars attended from Germany, the United Kingdom, France, Belgium, the Czech Republic, and Canada, in addition to many Polish participants. The presence of scholars such as Goldie Morgentaler or Sherry Simon as well as curator Barbara Kirshenblatt-Gimblett contributed to an examination of both past and present Canadian and Polish Jewish life and led to an examination of Polish and Canadian literature and history from a highly personal perspective. Conference-goers took advantage of the opportunity to get to know Łódź, via walking tours and a visit to the Łódź Jewish community’s Lauder-funded centre on Narutowicza. The paper aims, as well, to investigate how the history of Jewish Łódź is conveyed in the novels of Joseph Roth and Chava Rosenfarb.
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Acheson, William. "Presidential Address: Doctoral Theses and the Discipline of History in Canada, 1967 and 1985." Historical Papers 21, no. 1 (2006): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/030944ar.
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Abstract A comparison of doctoral theses in progress in 1967 and 1985 reveals a number of trends in historical studies in Canadian universities during the past two decades. In 1967, 58 per cent of all doctoral candidates chose topics in Canadian history and the largest number ― fully 36 per cent of all candidates ― were writing theses at the University of Toronto, which offered the broadest range of fields of any Canadian university. Much smaller programmes existed at McGill and the University of Western Ontario; aside from these three institutions, no other university in English-speaking Canada enrolled more than four students. Two-thirds of all francophone candidates were enrolled at Université Laval, where only five candidates were writing on topics other than Canadian history. The political process led the field of interest in all fields of study, while social history of the Annales school held little interest for either linguistic group. More than half the dissertations in Canadian fields were supervised by only eight senior scholars. By 1985, marked changes in this pattern were evident. The number of active doctoral candidates had increased from 236 in 1967 to 294, and Canadian history was the field of choice for 72 per cent. Doctoral programmes and hence supervision had decentralized in anglophone Canada, however, and the University of Toronto's dominance had been challenged by Queen's and York; specialized programmes of some size existed at a much larger number of institutions. Among francophone schools, enrollment had doubled and Laval had achieved a situation rivalling Toronto's in 1967. Laval and the Université de Montréal now had the largest doctoral programmes in the country. In terms of topic, policy and administration had replaced the political process as the subject of choice for both language groups; economic history experienced a modest degree of growth, while the history of ideas retained its traditional level of interest. Social history had become much more popular in both linguistic groups, while less European history was being studied. These developments pose both problems and possibilities for the profession as a whole. Doctoral studies have been enriched by the diversity of interests, but the potential for academic sectarian strife is troubling. The need now is for syntheses and paradigms which will permit the findings of subdisciplines to be integrated into a broader and more sensitive understanding of the past.
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Kenyeres, János. "Canadian Studies." Ad Americam 21 (September 30, 2020): 81–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/adamericam.21.2020.21.06.
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Canadian Studies was launched in Hungary in 1979, when the first course in Canadian literature was offered at the English Department of Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest. This article is intended to explore the history of this discipline in the past 40+ years, focusing on the growing awareness of Canada and its culture in Hungarian academic and intellectual life. As early as the mid-1980s, universities in Hungary offered various courses in Canadian Studies, which were followed by a large number of publications, conferences, and the institutionalization of the field. The article gives a survey of Canadian Studies in Hungary in the international context, showing the ways in which interaction with colleagues in Europe and beyond, and with institutions, such as the Central European Association for Canadian Studies, have promoted the work of Hungarian researchers. The article also discusses the fields of interest and individual achievements of Hungarian scholars, as well as the challenges Canadian Studies has faced.
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Scott, Bryanna. "Métis Women’s Experiences in Canadian Higher Education." Genealogy 5, no. 2 (2021): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genealogy5020049.
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In Canada, there are three groups of Aboriginal people, also referred to as Indigenous peoples, and these include the First Nations, Inuit, and Métis. Although often thought of collectively, each has its distinct history, culture, and perspectives. The Métis people are mixed-culture people stemming from a long history of Indigenous people and European settlers intermixing and having offspring. Furthermore, the living history representing mixed ancestry and family heritage is often ignored, specifically within higher education. Dominant narratives permeate the curriculum across all levels of education, further marginalizing the stories of Métis people. I explore the experiences of Métis women in higher education within a specific region in Canada. Using semi-structured interview questions and written narratives, I examine the concepts of identity, institutional practices, and reconciliation as described by Métis women. Results assist in providing a voice to the Métis women’s experiences as they challenge and resist colonial narratives of their culture and expand upon a new vision of Métis content inclusion in higher education as reconciliation.
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Miller, J. R. "From Riel to the Métis." Canadian Historical Review 102, s1 (2021): s199—s214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/chr-102-s1-015.
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Although miscegenation must have been one of the earliest and most common effects of the expansion of Europe, its consequences have been relatively little studied by historians of Canada. Indeed, one of the few general histories of the western mixed-blood population suggests – only half-jokingly, one suspects – that the Métis people of Canada were founded nine months after the landing of the first European. Perhaps because of traditional historiographical emphases, a limited methodological sophistication, or simply as a consequence of racist inhibitions on the part of Euro-Canadian historians who dominated the field until recently, the history of the Métis has not received much concerted and systematic attention from academic historians.
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CHANI POSSE, MARIANA, and JOSE MANUEL RAMÍREZ SALAMANCA. "Two new synonyms in Neotropical Philonthina (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)." Zootaxa 4608, no. 1 (2019): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4608.1.13.
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As part of an ongoing phylogenetic study on the Neotropical Philonthina (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) that includes species of Belonuchus Nordmann, 1837, Hesperus Fauvel, 1874 and Paederomimus Sharp, 1885 (Chani Posse & Ramírez Salamanca in prep.), we examined type material of species belonging to these genera as well as conspecific material from different European and North American collections. Type and non-type material were either examined by MCP during a visit to the Natural History Museum, London, UK (BMNH) or borrowed from the following institutions: Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USA (FMNH), Museum für Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universität, Berlin, Germany (ZMHB), Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Vienna, Austria (NMW), Canadian National Collection of Insects, Ottawa, Canada (CNC) and Snow Entomological Collection, Natural History Museum/Biodiversity Research Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, USA (SEMC). Based on our revision of relevant material from the abovementioned collections, two new synonyms are here proposed.
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Baker, H. Robert. "Creating Order in the Wilderness: Transplanting the English Law to Rupert's Land, 1835–51." Law and History Review 17, no. 2 (1999): 209–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/744011.
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The legal history of the western Canadian frontier has received renewed attention in recent years. Much of the work readdresses the question of “law and order,” challenging older assumptions about Canada's orderly frontier culture—orderly particularly in contrast to the United States’ violent settlement of the west. At issue is not just a revision of whether violence occurred on the Canadian frontier but a fundamental reinterpretation of what the concepts of “law” and “order” had really meant. Indeed, conflict between legal cultures has become a major theme as historians attempt to rewrite the history of the Canadian west. They understand that this conflict—whether violent or not—shaped the formation of Canada's legal culture before 1870. Methodological prescriptions for writing this type of history have emphasized the need for historians to widen their base of sources, particularly to exploit “nonlegal” sources (such as diaries, journals, and letters), and to consider the workings of what Lawrence Friedman has called the “cultural” component of a legal system: what suits were brought to court, what notions came into play there, what expectations people brought with them. Important studies on the colonial settlement of British Columbia in the nineteenth century have focused on the relationships between the Hudson's Bay Company, colonists, and Natives to demonstrate that conflict over resources and competing definitions of liberalism and law often shaped legal discourse. These rich accounts have, among other things, called into question the idea of an orderly, peaceful Canadian frontier. They have also provided a much more complex picture of the interactions between Native and European, and the uses of law and the legal system by settlers, Company men, and Aboriginals.
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Buckner, Phillip. "Presidential Address: Whatever happened to the British Empire?" Journal of the Canadian Historical Association 4, no. 1 (2006): 3–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/031054ar.
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Abstract Since the 1960s historians of the second British Empire have been seeking to redefine their field in ways that would give it continuing relevance. Unfortunately, in the process, they have lost sight of one of the most important components of the nineteenth-century empire. Even the most promising of the new approaches — the effort to reintegrate imperial history with domestic British history — is flawed by the failure to recognize, as J.C.A. Pocock has insisted, that Greater Britain included not only the British Isles but also the British colonies of settlement. Because historians of the second British Empire no longer have much interest in colonization, they have glossed over the differences between the colonies formed in the first wave of European expansion prior to 1783 and those formed during the much larger second wave that commenced in 1815 and they have underestimated the long-term significance of those colonies in helping to shape the sense of identity held by the British at home. But historians of the colonies of settlement must also take some of the responsibility for this myopia because they have lost sight of the significance of the empire to those Britons who established themselves abroad in the nineteenth century. In fact, Canadian historians have locked themselves into a teleological framework which is obsessed with the evolution of Canadian autonomy and the construction of a Canadian national identity and thus downplayed the significance of the imperial experience in shaping the identity of nineteenth-century British Canadians. It is time now not only to place the nineteenth-century colonies of settlement back on the agenda of imperial historians but also to put the imperial experience back where it belongs, at the centre of nineteenth-century Canadian history.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Canadian history|European history"
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Hewitt, Haley A. "The Canadian News is Unimportant| The Anomaly of Canada in the British Empire, 1860-1867." Thesis, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10817072.
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<p>?The Canadian News is Unimportant? analyzes the anomaly of Canada in the British Empire in the nineteenth century by seeking to understand the role that Canada played in the production of empire abroad and understanding of empire in the metropole. The study is situated between the periods of the American Civil and the Canadian confederation movement and explores metropolitan newspapers and parliamentary debates to develop the themes of imagined identities, paternalistic language, and rhetoric of empire. Such explorations illustrate just how difficult it would become for the British metropole to reconcile their constructed image of a dependent and child-like colony with the reality of increasing Canadian autonomy. This study expands imperial historiography by showing just how important the Canadian news was in the constructions of the British empire in the nineteenth century.
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Cozzi, Sarah. "Killing time: The experiences of Canadian Expeditionary Force soldiers on leave in Britain, 1914-1919." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28359.
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When Canada's entry into the First World War was announced on 4 August 1914, thousands of men rushed to volunteer. From October 1914 to late 1919 tens of thousands of Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF) soldiers travelled overseas to Britain to await deployment to the Western Front. Dozens of camps were established, predominantly in southern England, where men spent time training for battle. During this time, leave was much sought after by soldiers who were eager to escape the tedium of camp life. Extended leave passes as well as weekend passes allowed men to frequent the local village and also travel to more remote locations. Men at the front were also eager to return to England, often wishing to earn a 'Blighty' in order to escape the fighting on the Western Front. Unable to journey back to Canada, for all of these men Britain became their 'home away from home.'
Despite this isolation, neither the Canadian federal government nor the military authorities involved themselves in the men's off-duty time. It was left up to Canadian volunteers to help support the men. It was in this spirit that the King George and Queen Mary Maple Leaf Club was established. Founded by Lady Julia Drummond, a Montreal philanthropist, the Canadian-only Maple Leaf Club catered to the men's many social and recreational needs. Founded upon middle-class moral standards, and promoting the virtues of Canadian nationalism and British imperialism, this, and other privately funded clubs, embodied the notion of public patriotism of the time. As such, these social clubs also symbolize elements of early twentieth-century Canadian social and political culture.
Soldiers' leave time also allowed some men an opportunity to reconnect with distant relatives. As a large percentage of CEF soldiers were of British ancestry, quite a number of men were able to visit family still residing in Britain. For others, leave was an occasion to travel the country as tourists. These soldier-tourists journeyed throughout the British Isles, visiting as many tourist sites and popular landmarks as possible, often returning to camp exhausted from their adventures. This off-duty time helped shape Canadian soldiers' experiences of the First World War, yet these experiences are overlooked in the Canadian historiography. Seeking to fill this void, this thesis aims to contribute to a more thorough understanding of the CEF men's time overseas.
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Cavasin, Zachary David. "Hai visto i Canadesi?: A study of the Social Interactions between Canadian Soldiers and Italian Civilians before, during, and after the Battle of Ortona." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28803.
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This thesis is the first study to examine Canadian and Italian interactions in Ortona from December 1943 until April 1944. The Canadian presence in Ortona is not remembered by the people of the town simply in the context of military operations. As the Canadians occupied Ortona and the surrounding areas for four months, interactions occurred within the context of combat operations, periods of relaxation, and throughout the process of rebuilding infrastructure and developing an economy. Canadian military historians have largely neglected to provide accounts of the various engagements between Canadian soldiers and Italian civilians before, during, and after the Battle of Ortona, unless they affected operations, intelligence, and civil control. The result of these civil-military relationships provided numerous benefits to Canadian and Italian alike. Italians provided Canadian soldiers with intelligence, shelter, food, and psychological support. In turn, the Canadians provided the Italians with medical assistance, food, financial support, and technical support in the rebuilding of Ortona. The interactions promoted Canadians as separate from the other Allied forces in the region and created unique friendships that defined the liberator and the liberated through their mutual dependencies. As historians have focused entirely on the unfolding of military operations in the region of Ortona, this thesis argues that the value of the interactions and the reconstruction process help explain why most Ortonesi developed a positive collective memory of Canadian soldiers.
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Baldridge, Kalyn Rochelle. "L'auguste Autrichienne| Representations of Marieantoinette in 19th Century French Literature and History." Thesis, University of Missouri - Columbia, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10629008.
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<p> Maria Antonia Josepha Joanna, or as she is most well-known, Marie-Antoinette (1755-1793) spent her entire life under the watchful eye of many. Fashioned from birth as an Austrian aristocrat, she was transported to France at age fourteen to meet and marry the future king of France. From the onset of her arrival, French writers made attempts to capture what they observed. However, personal bias, political leanings, and accepted rumor led them to do more than record what they saw. Rather than simply narrate a scene, these early witnesses of Marie-Antoinette became the interpreters of her thoughts, motives and feelings. As these interpretations grew, they became widely accepted as truth and eventually became the agents leading to Marie-Antoinette’s demise, as previous biographers and historians of Marie-Antoinette have amply discussed.</p><p> In this dissertation I suggest going beyond an analysis of the literature that led to Marie-Antoinette’s death, and examining the numerous times that Marie-Antoinette’s story was reinterpreted during the century after her death. I will examine nineteenth-century texts from several different authors and genres, including: the historical biographies of Christophe de Montjoye, Lafont d’Aussonne, Alcide de Beauchesne, Edmond and Jules Goncourt, and Horace de Viel-Castel; the eye-witness testimonies of Jean-Baptist Cléry, Henriette Campan, and Rosalie Lamorlière; the historical fiction of Elisabeth Guénard Brossin de Méré and Alexandre Dumas; and finally the archival compilations of Emile Campardon and Gaston Lenotre. I will examine each author’s choice of genre, as well as how contemporary trends in literature, historical studies and even politics influenced their interpretation of Marie-Antoinette.</p><p>
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Gough, Adam. "The Turbot War: The arrest of the Spanish vessel Estai and its implications for Canada-EU relations." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28339.
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On March 9, 1995, Canadian officials on fisheries patrol vessels fired warning shots, then boarded and seized the Spanish trawler Estai. Fishing on the Nose of the Grand Banks, but beyond Canada's 200-mile fishing zone, the Estai had been using an illegal net and had resisted previous boarding attempts. The European Union (EU) strongly objected to what it cast as a violation of international law. The objective of this thesis is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the Estai incident and its implications for Canadian fisheries policy and Canada's relations with the EU.
The Estai seizure and subsequent "Turbot War" formed an important chapter in Canada's diplomatic history, arousing national feeling while souring relations with the EU, at least in the short term. However, this action against foreign overfishing helped bring about much needed changes regarding international fish conservation. Agreements came into place with the EU and other NAFO members allowing for full observer coverage on vessels and other improvements. As well, the Turbot War fostered the emergence of the new United Nations Fisheries Agreement dealing with conservation, pollution reduction, and the right of member states to inspect another country's vessels to ensure compliance with internationally-agreed rules of regional fishing. Even so, problems resurfaced in the workings of NAFO, and fish stocks have seen only limited recovery.
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Trehearne, Brian 1957. "Aestheticism and the Canadian modernists : aspects of a poetic influence." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=72831.
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Johnson, Jinna E. ""Dans le pays des Hurons": Female Spirituality, French Jesuits, and the Huron Nation in France and New France during the Seventeenth Century." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/891.
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This thesis examines the relationship between French female Catholicism during the 17th century and representations of Huron women’s spirituality in Relations des Jésuites. I argue that the nuances of French dévote culture highlight the elevated status of women in Huron indigenous society. These portraits of Huron women by the Jesuits inspired French women to breach the cloister and become missionaries, resulting in newfound religious freedoms for dévotes achieved through imperialistic efforts against the Huron nation.
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Mullins, Lisa C. "Acculturation between the Indian and European Fur Traders in Hudson Bay 1668-1821." W&M ScholarWorks, 1990. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625622.
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Johnson, Donald S. (Donald Steven) 1950. "Northern periphery : long-term Inuit-European and -Euroamerican intersocietal interaction in the central Canadian Arctic." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29831.
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This study examines long-term Inuit-European and -Euroamerican intersocietal interaction in the central Canadian Arctic. This geographical area encompasses the traditional ranges of the contiguous Copper, Netsilik and Iglulik Inuit societies. Specifically, the study analyzes and discusses changes in intra- and intergroup material trade networks and social relations resulting from indirect and direct contact with the developing capitalist world-system. Through the application of world-system theory and methodology, it is shown that indirect contact in the form of the acquisition of material trade items was a gradual, though constant, process that had a considerable impact on the cultural development of these societies. Both indirect and direct contact were greatly accelerated during the 19th century, increasing the rate of cultural change, and, by the early 20th century, ultimately culminating in the articulation of the Copper, Netsilik and Iglulik Inuit societies within the modern capitalist world-system.
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McMurtry, Deirdre C. "Discerning Dreams in New France: Jesuit Responses to Native American Dreams in the Early Seventeenth Century." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1236636966.
Full textBooks on the topic "Canadian history|European history"
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Leslie, Peter M. The Maastricht model: A Canadian perspective on the European Union. Institute of Intergovernmental Relations, Queens University, 1996.
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Ertler, Klaus-Dieter, Martin Löschnigg, and Yvonne Völkl. Europe--Canada: Transcultural perspectives = perspectives transculturelles. Peter Lang Edition, 2013.
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MacLulich, T. D. Between Europe and America: The Canadian tradition in fiction. ECW Press, 1988.
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MacLulich, T. D. Between Europe and America: The Canadian tradition in fiction. ECW Press, 1988.
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G, Lumsden Ian, Collins Curtis J. 1962-, and Glenn Laurie Arlene 1957-, eds. The Beaverbrook Art Gallery collection: Selected works. Beaverbrook Art Gallery, 2000.
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Priestly, Tom M. S. A bibliography of Canadian publications in the languages, literatures, history and culture of the Slavic and East European lands, 1988-1993 : prepared for the XI International Congress, Bratislava, 1993. [s.n.], 1993.
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Mario, Benedetti. Notas perdidas: Sobre literatura, cine, artes escénicas y visuales, 1948-1965. Fundación Mario Benedetti, 2014.
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Trudeau, Lawrence J., and Thomas J. Schoenberg. Twentieth-century literary criticism. Gale, 2009.
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Cottam, S. Barry. Aboriginal peoples and archives: A brief history of aboriginal and European relations in Canada. National Archives of Canada, 1997.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Canadian history|European history"
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Kroetsch, Robert. "4.1 An Arkeology of (My) Canadian Postmodern." In Comparative History of Literatures in European Languages. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/chlel.xi.36kro.
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Remysen, Wim, and Nadine Vincent. "French Lexicography in Québec." In The Whole World in a Book. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190913199.003.0008.
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Remysen and Vincent discuss the biography and professional output of Oscar Dunn, contextualizing his work with attention to the earlier history of French Canadian lexicography and to the tension between British and French forces that characterized Québec during Dunn’s lifetime. Oscar Dunn defended and documented the French used in Québec, studying historical links between Canadian French and French from France and documenting Canadianisms that set apart speakers of Québécois French in terms of language and identity. The creator of the Glossaire franco-canadien (1880), the first glossary of Canadian French, Dunn contributed key work and thought to the understanding of Québécois French as distinct from European French, meriting attention as a linguistic and national entity in and of itself.
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"CHAPTER I. THE EUROPEAN BACKGROUND." In Canadian Economic History. University of Toronto Press, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781442623279-003.
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Ahmad, Arshad, Denise Stockley, and Roger Moore. "3M Fellows Making a Mark in Canadian Higher Education." In Cases on Quality Teaching Practices in Higher Education. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-3661-3.ch011.
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The 3M National Teaching Fellowship program has a rich history in Canada as the premier teaching award, coveted by university professors and post-secondary institutions alike. This program was developed in 1985 through a unique partnership with the Society for Teaching and Learning in Higher Education (STLHE) and 3M Canada. It has evolved into one of the most successful public/private partnerships in Canada. While the Fellowship Program has expanded and strengthened over the years, the original vision of celebrating teaching excellence and leadership in teaching continues to distinguish it from other national award programs. Each year, 10 new individuals are chosen to join the Fellowship through the submission of a detailed nomination package, which in turn is adjudicated by a rigorous selection process. Unlike the UK National Teaching Fellowship Scheme, the European Award for Teaching Excellence, or the Australian Awards for University Teaching that offer significant monetary benefits, the 3M Fellows are not awarded money. In addition, while self-nomination is not encouraged, increasingly institutions nominate their recent award winners, especially when they have been recognized for teaching internally and by regional and provincial bodies. So, why do the 3M Fellowships receive nominations year after year and why are they perceived to be more prestigious than ever before? This case study reveals why by highlighting the history of this award, the selection process, and the multiplier effect of the community of 3M Fellows. Further, the authors distinguish the salient aspects of the 3M Fellowship Program from other award schemes in higher education.
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"3. European Antecedents to the Problem of Canadian Diversity." In Multiculturalism and the History of Canadian Diversity. University of Toronto Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781442677449-006.
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Towers, Frank. "Introduction." In Remaking North American Sovereignty. Fordham University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823288458.003.0001.
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Today’s political map of North America took its basic shape in a continental crisis in the 1860s, marked by Canadian Confederation (1867), the end of the U.S. Civil War (1865), the restoration of the Mexican Republic (1867), and numerous wars and treaty regimes conducted between these states and indigenous peoples through the 1870s. This volume explores the tumultuous history of North American state-making in the mid-nineteenth century from a continental perspective that seeks to look across and beyond the traditional nation-centered approach. This introduction orients readers by first exploring the meaning of key terms—in particular sovereignty and its historical attachment to the concept of the nation state—and then previewing how contributors interrogate different themes of the mid-century struggles that remade the continent’s political order. Those themes fall into three main categories: the character of the states made and remade in the mid-1800s; the question of sovereignty for indigenous polities that confronted the European-settler descended governments of Canada, Mexico, and the United States; and the interaction between capitalist expansion and North American politics, and the concomitant implications of state making for sovereignty’s more diffuse meaning at the level of individual and group autonomy.
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Japp, Alan G., Iain Simpson, Stephen Pettit, Arthur Yue, and Junaid Zaman. "Cardiovascular symptoms." In ESC CardioMed. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0002.
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The symptomatic repertoire of cardiac disease is relatively narrow and most conditions will present with one or more of chest pain, dyspnoea, palpitation, syncope, or presyncope. On the other hand, the differential diagnosis of each of these symptoms is broad and includes both cardiac and non-cardiac disorders. Certain features of acute chest pain alter the likelihood of acute coronary syndrome but, in isolation, the history is usually insufficient to rule in or rule out the diagnosis. Intermittent chest pain can be categorized as typical angina, atypical angina, or non-anginal based on three symptom characteristics; this classification has substantial diagnostic value and helps to determine the need for and the most appropriate mode of further investigation. Orthopnoea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea are more specific for heart failure than other forms of dyspnoea. However, it is not possible to diagnose either acute or chronic heart failure by the history alone. For both angina and chronic heart failure, the European Society of Cardiology recommends objective assessment of symptom severity using the Canadian Cardiovascular Society and New York Heart Association classifications respectively. Definitive diagnosis of palpitation usually requires documentation of the cardiac rhythm during symptoms but a clear description of the symptom may suggest the likely diagnosis and guide the optimal approach to rhythm monitoring. The history is invaluable in differentiating syncope and presyncope from other causes of transient loss of consciousness and dizziness. Beyond this, clinical features such as prodromal symptoms or precipitation of episodes by exposure to pain can help to distinguish cardiac from reflex syncope.
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Kaj, Hobér. "3 The Energy Charter Treaty: The Background and the Negotiating History." In The Energy Charter Treaty. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780199660995.003.0003.
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This chapter traces the negotiating history of the Energy Charter Treaty. The genesis of the Treaty goes back to a European Council meeting held in Dublin in June of 1990. At that meeting, the Dutch Prime Minister at that time, Mr. Ruud Lubbers, presented a proposal for the creation of a European Energy Community. During 1991, the text of the ECT was negotiated and drafted by the Conference on the European Energy Charter. The Charter recognized the need for a legally binding agreement for co-operation in the energy sector. Delegations from more than fifty States were involved in the negotiations, including the USA, Russia, and most members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), including its non-European members—Australia, Canada, Japan, and New Zealand. The various drafts of the ECT are divided into three categories: Basic Protocols; Basic Agreements; and ECT Drafts. The first ECT draft was presented on March 15, 1993. It must be kept in mind, however, that the ECT was negotiated under time pressure, as a consequence of which the language is sometimes ambiguous and unclear, bearing the hallmarks of the ambition to create a comprehensive treaty covering the entire energy sector to be agreed by a large number of participants.
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"Imperial Collaboration and Great Depression: Britain, Canada and the World Wheat Crisis, 1929–35." In Theory and Practice in the History of European Expansion Overseas. Routledge, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203987971-8.
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"Challenges for Diadromous Fishes in a Dynamic Global Environment." In Challenges for Diadromous Fishes in a Dynamic Global Environment, edited by R. Niloshini Sinatamby, J. Brian Dempson, Gerald Chaput, et al. American Fisheries Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874080.ch28.
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<em>Abstract</em>.-In many areas of the North Atlantic, populations of Atlantic salmon <em>Salmo salar </em>are now either in a state of decline or extirpated such that concern over the continued survival of the species has been given more attention in recent years despite large reductions in directed ocean fisheries. Previous investigations have established linkages between ocean climate conditions and variability in abundance or survival. However, one avenue not previously explored considers whether changes in marine food webs owing to ever increasing and unsustainable levels of exploitation on many marine species-the so-called "fishing down marine food webs" hypothesis-could influence survival and abundance of salmon as a result of shifts in trophic position or changes in energy flows. Since Atlantic salmon are opportunistic feeders during the marine life history phase, the species lends itself well to studies associated with marine environmental conditions and food web interactions. Here, we examine long-term variability in the trophic ecology of Atlantic salmon using analyses of stable isotope signatures of carbon and nitrogen (?<sup>13</sup>C and ?<sup>15</sup>N). Signatures were extracted from the marine growth portion of scales of maiden one-sea-winter fish. Data were obtained from nine Canadian and one north European river (Teno) covering periods extending over three to four decades. Significant differences in ?<sup>13</sup>C and ?<sup>15</sup>N signatures were found to exist among rivers, as well as among years within rivers. Trends over time in either ?<sup>13</sup>C or ?<sup>15</sup>N signatures were evident in only a few situations, thus providing little evidence of substantive changes in the trophic ecology of salmon in the North Atlantic. In addition, isotopic signatures were largely invariant in relation to variations in abundance or to various environmental measures characterizing ocean climate conditions in the North Atlantic.
Conference papers on the topic "Canadian history|European history"
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Lyons, Murray, and William David Lubitz. "Archimedes Screws for Microhydro Power Generation." In ASME 2013 7th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2013 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2013 11th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2013-18067.
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Archimedes screw generators (ASGs) are beginning to be widely adopted at low head hydro sites in Europe, due to high efficiency (greater than 80% in some installations), competitive costs and low environmental impact. Compared to other microhydro generation technologies, ASGs have greatest potential at low head sites (less than about 5 m). The performance of an Archimedes screw used as a generator depends on parameters including screw inner and outer diameter, slope, screw pitch and number of flights, and inlet and outlet conditions, as well as site head and flow. Despite the long history of the Archimedes screw, there is very little on the dynamics of these devices when used for power generation in the English literature. Laboratory tests of small Archimedes screws (approximately 1 W mechanical power) have been conducted to support the design and validation of ASG design tools. This paper reports experimental results examining the relationship between torque, rotation speed and power. The laboratory screw maintained reasonable efficiency over wide ranges of operating conditions, although distinct efficiency peaks were found to occur. The cause of changes in power output caused by varying the water level at the outlet of the screw were attributed primarily to the corresponding variation in head, and dynamic limiting of screw rotation speed causing corresponding limits in volume flow through the screw. Test results were qualitatively consistent with data from a prototype ASG installed by Greenbug Energy in southern Ontario, Canada, and recent data reported from European laboratory tests and commercial installations.