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Academic literature on the topic 'Canadian SMEs'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Canadian SMEs"

Campaniaris, Constantine, Richard Murray, Steven Hayes, and Michael Jeffrey. "Evidence-based development of a strategy for Canadian apparel SMEs." Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management 19, no. 3 (July 13, 2015): 299–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfmm-11-2014-0079.

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Purpose – The Canadian apparel industry has long been challenged by imports from low-wage countries while its exports have declined since their height in 2002. This situation was exacerbated with trade liberalisation, which started in January 2005. Data from Industry Canada and a number of studies, amongst which those of the Apparel Human Resources Council (AHRC), showing the adverse effects of trade liberalisation since the phasing out of the multi-fibre agreement in 2005, the lack of competitive advantage for Canada as an apparel manufacturing nation and the subsequent rapid decline of its apparel industry, pointed to the need for a strategic response from the Canadian apparel industry, particularly from small to medium-sized enterprises. A study conducted for the AHRC of the Federal Government of Canada outlined a number of strategies that Canadian apparel companies could pursue, focusing on elements other than manufacturing in the traditional apparel value chain. These strategies seemed to suggest the implementation of a cluster approach where greater cooperation between suppliers would be required throughout the supply chain with a focus on functional expertise and relationships. The purpose of this paper is to determine whether a cluster strategy is being applied or if indeed it is applicable to Canada’s apparel companies. Design/methodology/approach – A literature search, was undertaken to find the options available for the organisation of SMEs so that: an analytical framework could be created from the various theories and concepts that; would enable the evidence-based selection of an option or options suitable for adoption by Canadian apparel SMEs, to assist them to be more effective than stand-alone enterprises. Data were collected from case studies of Canadian apparel companies, an Experience Survey (conducted through face-to-face interviews with the directors of the AHRC, the Canadian Apparel Federation, Industry Canada, and Canadian retail and apparel supply executives) and from the responses to an online questionnaire sent to Canadian apparel suppliers. The data were subjected to examination using the analytical framework to determine whether the evidence existed on which to base a cluster-based strategic response to competition from overseas apparel suppliers, or whether one of the alternative options might be a more suitable match with the Canadian apparel business environment. Findings – Neither the case studies nor the Experience Survey revealed sufficient evidence of open communication or of cooperation among suppliers in areas that would fortify horizontal clustering amongst apparel SMEs, such as the sharing of labour, market research or supply chain management; similar findings emerged from the online questionnaire sent to Canadian apparel suppliers, which showed little evidence favouring cluster development as a strategic response for the Canadian apparel supply industry. The research also showed that industrialists, experts and government advisors all recognised that, beginning with trade liberalisation in 2005, there had been a transformation of the Canadian apparel industry from a manufacturing to a service industry with the retailers taking much stronger control of the supply chain than before, which, taken together with the lack of open communication or cooperation among apparel suppliers gives rise to conditions which favour collaboration over clustering. Originality/value – The paper provides a firm evidence base upon which to develop a different strategy for Canadian SMEs than the cluster approach that has been proposed to date. The findings reported in this paper show that Canadian apparel industry leaders, government and industry-led support organisations, retailers and suppliers all recognise that the type of open communication or of cooperation among suppliers in areas that would fortify horizontal clustering amongst apparel SMEs, such as the sharing of labour, market research or supply chain management does not occur to a sufficient extent to support the adoption of a cluster strategy by the Canadian apparel sector (although it may be applicable in Quebec). Canadian retailers have now taken the leading role in the supplier/retailer relationship. Any future strategy will need to take account of this repositioning of retailers and be centred upon vertical relationships between individual apparel suppliers and retailers.

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Ogilvie, Kelvin K. "Canadian Biotechnology." Industry and Higher Education 5, no. 2 (June 1991): 105–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095042229100500208.

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The first article in this issue's focus on government support of small and medium-sized biotechnology companies contains a critical overview of government support of SMEs in Canada. The author, a leading Canadian biotechnologist, surveys federal government initiatives and details the major initiatives. Canadian expenditure on R&D is unfavourably compared to that in other OECD countries. Although government support of biotechnology could be improved, the article points out improvements effected during the 1980s and looks forward to the 1990s.

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Awais Ahmad Tipu, Syed, and Kamel A. Fantazy. "Supply chain strategy, flexibility, and performance." International Journal of Logistics Management 25, no. 2 (August 5, 2014): 399–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlm-01-2013-0001.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to compare the supply chain strategy, flexibility, and performance relationships in the context of SMEs in Canada and Pakistan. Design/methodology/approach – The research is based on a quantitative approach using a questionnaire survey from a total of 170 small and medium-sized Pakistani manufacturing companies. The current study draws upon the earlier work of Fantazy et al. (2009) for comparative purpose and employs path analysis technique. Findings – The results partially confirm the findings of previous study on Canadian SMEs with regard to the relationships among strategy, flexibility, and performance in the context of supply chain. The survey results revealed that SMEs in Pakistan adopt followers strategy in order to achieve financial and non-financial performance. Whereas in the previous study, Canadian SMEs adopted innovative strategy and customer-oriented strategy in order to enhance their performance. Originality/value – The literature did not reveal any study which attempted to compare supply chain strategy, flexibility, and performance of SMEs in developed and developing countries. The current study fills this important gap in the literature.

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Laeeque, Hina, Heather Boon, Natasha Kachan, Jillian Clare Cohen, and Joseph D'Cruz. "The Canadian Natural Health Products (NHP) Regulations: Industry Compliance Motivations." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 4, no. 2 (2007): 257–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nel090.

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This qualitative study explores corporations' motivations to comply with new natural health products (NHP) Regulations in Canada. Interviews were conducted with representatives from 20 Canadian NHP companies. Findings show that the rationale for compliance differs for large compared to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Large firms are motivated to comply with the regulations because of the deterrent fear of negative media coverage, social motivations, ability to comply and maintaining a competitive market advantage. In contrast, SMEs are motivated to comply due to the deterrent fear of legal prosecution and a sense of duty.

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Snider, Brent, Giovani J. C. da Silveira, and Jaydeep Balakrishnan. "ERP implementation at SMEs: analysis of five Canadian cases." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 29, no. 1 (January 9, 2009): 4–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443570910925343.

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Bhabra, Harjeet S., and Ashrafee T. Hossain. "Does location influence executive compensation? Evidence from Canadian SMEs." Journal of Management & Governance 22, no. 1 (May 4, 2017): 89–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10997-017-9377-5.

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RAYMOND, LOUIS, JOSÉE ST-PIERRE, BRUNO FABI, and RICHARD LACOURSIÈRE. "STRATEGIC CAPABILITIES FOR THE GROWTH OF MANUFACTURING SMEs: A CONFIGURATIONAL PERSPECTIVE." Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship 15, no. 02 (June 2010): 123–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1084946710001476.

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In a now global knowledge-based economy, the strategic intent of manufacturing SMEs is manifested by the development of strategic capabilities not only for product and market development, but also for the development of their network, technological and human resources. This paper presents the results of a survey study of the strategic capabilities of 292 manufacturing firms, that is, 213 Canadian and 79 French SMEs. Taking the firms' entrepreneurial and organizational context into account, three distinct configurations of strategic capabilities are identified, namely 57 entrepreneurial SMEs, 93 engineering SMEs and 142 administrative SMEs, the first configuration being the "ideal" one in terms of growth.

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Mohiuddin, Muhammad, and Zhan Su. "Manufacturing Small And Medium Size Enterprises Offshore Outsourcing And Competitive Advantage: An Exploratory Study On Canadian Offshoring Manufacturing SMEs." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 29, no. 4 (June 28, 2013): 1111. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v29i4.7920.

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This paper explores whether and how theoffshore outsourcing of the manufacturing SMEs creates competitive advantagesfor these firms. The offshore outsourcing strategy is widely criticized in thedeveloped countries for allegedly reducing job opportunities, missing scaleeconomy, diminishing innovation potentialities and creating various socialproblems. The present article with empirical data from thirteen Canadianoffshoring manufacturing SMEs attempted to address that the world-widedistributed co-production network could instead increase profit and marketshare, boost investment in R&D, raise focus on core competency and enhancecompetitivity of offshoring SMEs. This strategy enables companies to enhancetheir competitiveness by allowing them to have access to the competitiveproduction factors and new markets for their products. This paper contributesto the existing body of knowledge by showing that not only the largemultinationals but also the SMEs can achieve competitive advantages fromoffshoring part of their activities to foreign firms where those tasks can beperformed more competitively.

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Raymond, Louis, and Josée St-Pierre. "Strategic Capabilities for Product Innovation in SMEs." International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation 11, no. 3 (August 2010): 209–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/000000010792217236.

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With the advent of globalization and the knowledge economy, an important issue has arisen concerning the relationship between the strategic capabilities of SMEs and their capacity to innovate. From a contingency perspective, one would argue that the firm's strategic capabilities can be leveraged for the purposes of innovation to the extent that these capabilities are in strategic co-alignment. This gives rise to the following empirical research questions: (a) are the networking, R&D and technological capabilities of SMEs co-aligned such that one can observe different organizational gestalts, and (b) does co-alignment of these capabilities lead to a successful outcome in terms of innovation? In answer to these questions, the authors present the results of a study of 205 Canadian manufacturing firms. Through cluster analysis, three gestalts are identified – entrepreneurial SMEs, engineering SMEs and administrative SMEs. Analysis of these gestalts indicates that entrepreneurial SMEs clearly lead the other two in R&D capability and product innovation.

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Malone, Matt. "Criminal Enforcement of Trade Secret Theft: Strategic Considerations for Canadian SMEs." Technology Innovation Management Review 10, no. 11 (December 18, 2020): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1402.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Canadian SMEs"

Maltby, Neil. "Canadian SMEs, export barriers and the Internet." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2011. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=25762.

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This thesis explores the intersection of export, small firms and the Internet. In particular, the challenges of export barriers and the role of the web will be examined. Advances in technology, especially Internet technology, open new opportunities for exporters. The Internet enables virtual interaction between stakeholders in many markets around the world. Yet, with these opportunities come challenges. Exporters face economic, regulatory and social challenges in foreign markets. Transportation distances, import/export documentation, and language differences are just some of the challenges an exporter faces abroad. Large firms, with more resources, can acquire or develop know-how to address these challenges. Small and medium-sized firms, with fewer resources, are subject to considerable challenges in overcoming export hurdles and adopting Internet technology. Using a model developed from the review of literature, this study provides an integrated examination of SME exporters and the role of an Internet strategy. The factors for exploring Internet strategy draw from multiple activities, including outward looking Internet usage, Web 2.0 online network participation, and website characteristics and presence. Central to the model are marketing decisions and external forces that represent challenges for SMEs. Both are linked specifically to strategy and performance, providing an insight into the Internet's role in export success. This study used a multi-method approach to data collection. Survey, website evaluation and online business network data was generated from 83 Canadian SME exporters, with follow-up depth interviews with nine respondents. Qualitative theme analysis was applied to the interview data, open-ended survey questions and website observations. This informed an integrated analysis using qualitative and quantitative data. Findings indicate SMEs use the Internet and websites to overcome many key export barriers and improve their overall export performance. Owner/managers gather export market information and regard the Internet as a key means of communicating and relationship-building with potential and existing customers. However, the SMEs of this research focus on product-driven websites; evidence suggest the firms are underutilizing the opportunity to provide an interactive and internationalized experience for their foreign users. The Internet is important for mitigating external barriers such as foreign regulations, and language, while websites were found to be less utilized for these external barriers. Recent developments in Web 2.0 appear to offer interesting new approaches to addressing export barriers, but more research is needed in this area. A key outcome of this research is the importance of owner/manager attitude toward the Internet. The more owner/managers value the Internet the more it is used, the more it is used the more export barriers are addressed, and the more export barriers are addressed the better export performance the firms achieve. The findings from this thesis make several important contributions to the literature/knowledge base. The contributions pertain to the impact of an online strategy regarding export barriers and export performance. The qualitative and quantitative findings show an online strategy helps SMEs overcome several marketing and EXTERNAL export barriers. These findings add to the work of Leonidou (2004) about export barriers which the author notes are particularly challenging for SMEs. And, this research extends the qualitative work of Tiessen, Wright and Turner (2001), Tiessen (2003) and Saulnier and Rosson (2004). Several researchers, including Lohrke, McClure Franklin and Frownfelter-Lohrke (2006), Saban and Rau (2005) and Moini and Tesar (2005) have done empirical work about websites as channels. But the work did not involve evaluation of the firm's websites themselves. Nor does this extant work link online performance to export barriers and export performance as completed in this research. Furthermore, the research done in this thesis incorporates preliminary qualitative and quantitative data about SMEs use of Web 2.0 for export. Finally, this research offers a model linking the Internet to export barriers and performance. While the model as a whole needs further testing and validation, it provides an integration of SME strategy, resources, the unique role of the owner/manager, and the influence of the Internet regarding export performance. This model specifically links these factors to export barriers, which is a distinct contribution.

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Liao, Xiaolu. "Export Propensity of Canadian SMEs: A Gender Based Study." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32506.

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SME exporters constitute a critical economic force that contributes significantly to national productivity and job creation in the Canadian economy. However, the academic literature suggests that female-owned SMEs are less likely to export. With lower export propensity, the potential of female-owned SMEs for organic growth, economic self-sufficiency and wealth creation could be comprised. This paper applies logistic regression to study factors that influence SME owners’ export propensity with particular reference to the moderating effect of gender in the context of the Ajzen and Fishbein ’s (2005) theory of Reasoned Action and Planned Behavior. We improve the methodology of prevailing research by redefining “gender” in a more appropriate way and by computing gender interaction effects more accurately. Based on this analysis, we found that, although male- and female-owned SMEs show different likelihoods of exporting, gender does not have a direct residual impact. Instead, systemic gender differences account for most differences in the export propensity between male-owned and female-owned SMEs. Specifically, female-owned SMEs may be systemically disadvantaged because their firms are smaller, more limited in management capacity with younger and less-experienced managers. The lack of resources and market knowledge become constraining factors for them with respect to becoming “export-ready”. Additionally, female SME owners show a higher perception of risk and financing difficulty (although they do not encounter higher rejection rates of financing applications). Their subjective perceptions of potential barriers may contribute to their reluctance to export.

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MacDonald, Harry Douglas. "Knowledge management processes in growth-oriented SMEs : an Atlantic Canadian perspective." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2327.

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Competitive pressure and desire for success drive enterprises in general to involve in knowledge acquisition and dissemination activities that are becoming increasingly significant in the rapid changing and globalising economic world. In addition, with the increased mobility of information and the global labour force, knowledge and experience can be transferred instantaneously around the globe; thus, any advantage gained by one company can be eliminated by comparative improvements overnight. Therefore, the only comparative advantage a particular company will face will be its process of innovation – combining market and technology know-how with the resourceful talents of knowledgeable labour to solve a constant stream of competitive problems- and its ability to derive value from information. In this context, internal and external knowledge acquisition, intra-firm knowledge dissemination and management decisions taken in response to the significant information generated and subsequently filtered became the key factors of entrepreneurial success. This thesis explores how market orientation, learning orientation and entrepreneurial orientation systematically contribute to and are sources of competitive advantage in growth-oriented SMEs. The objective of this study was to investigate the likelihood of a growth-oriented enterprise established in Atlantic Canada to be involved in knowledge acquisition and dissemination activities and to succeed conditional on numerous internal and external factors. A ‘mixed-methods’ research approach was used in this study, comprised of: 1) a web-based questionnaire to study the knowledge management process and other aspects of entrepreneurial success and 2) ‘semi-structured’ interviews with a sample of the responding entrepreneurs. The findings suggest that knowledge management practices: external acquisition, intra-firm dissemination and responsiveness, do vary across the levels of entrepreneurial performance among the Atlantic Canadian SMEs investigated in the study. Having a market orientation and investing in human resources of the firm were found to be critical drivers of innovation leading to potential competitive advantage.

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Dahiya, Sushil. "Cleantech SMEs’ Expectations and Perceptions of an Established Community-based Intermediary Moving into their Sector." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23918.

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Innovation intermediaries provide a range of services to assist firms during the process of innovation. How SMEs perceive innovation intermediaries is an area of investigation that would provide important information on how innovation intermediaries’ assist small and medium enterprises (SMEs). This study focuses on the cleantech industry and explores SMEs’ expectations and perceptions of an established community-based intermediary (CBI) moving into their sector. A qualitative research methodology was adopted to collect data from 15 sample SMEs. In regards to SMEs, the findings show that cleantech companies face financing, partnerships, marketing, sales, regulatory and bureaucratic challenges. In regards to innovation intermediaries, the findings showcase how CBI, a regional intermediary, is not effective in supporting cleantech SMEs with their sector specific needs or challenges.

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Olivieri, Javier Alejandro. "Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) : the engine of Canada's economy : the legal framework of three sensitive spheres for SMES' growth : financing, taxation and international trade." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80944.

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It is widely believed that small and medium-sized enterprises ("SMEs"), acting as a source of innovation and job creation, play a key role in the economy of Canada.
The legal framework which regulates SMEs' activities is vast. This thesis focuses on the legal framework and most important aspects of three critical areas: financing, taxation and international trade.
After describing and interpreting the legal framework of these areas and the information obtained from public and private institutions which are considered key in these issues, this thesis presents conclusions in relation to the question of how and in what way, if any, the current legislative and regulatory framework relating to SMEs contributes to the growth and prosperity of SMEs and to the importance of such a framework to SMEs' success and growth.

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Legendre, Nicolas. "The Impact of the Recent Financial Crisis on Bank Lending to SMEs in Canada." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35225.

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This study investigates the magnitude of credit contraction encountered by Canadian Small-and-Medium-Sized-Enterprises (SMEs) during the recent financial crisis of 2007-2008. These firms account for an important source of job creation and economic welfare (Haltiwanger et al., 2010); therefore, to ensure the creation and growth of SMEs through a smooth flow of capital is crucial for a healthy economic recovery from the crisis. The empirical observation obtained in this study is contrary to what the theory suggests, as well as what many of the existing studies witnessed (i.e., a financial crisis has a negative impact on SME loan circulations). Using binary probit regression and structural break testing, this work finds that Canadian SME loan approval and application rates were higher during the crisis period. This somewhat counterintuitive result prompts the researcher to search for the possible factors enabling SME credit lending in Canada to retain its health during the time of financial distress, which include: (1) the stability of Canadian banks evidenced by the relatively constant Capital Tier I ratio during the crisis; (2) initiatives the Canadian government implemented as a response to the crisis. This result also raises a question whether the five billion dollars the federal government injected in the SME lending market under the Business Capital Availability Program (BCAP), a measure designed to insulate Canadian SMEs from the liquidity shock, could be justified. This research question will be investigated as a future area of research.

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Zanini, Brooke, and Caroline Pehrson. "Foreign Market Analysis : A case study of a Canadian SME in the men's retail fashion industry." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET), 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-1592.

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Background

Internationalization is a rapidly increasing trend of firms and markets in today’s business

environment where fashion companies have evolved to be one of the most successful and

dynamic international retailers. Though a majority of SMEs in the retail fashion industry have

the potential to become international, many never do due to a number of barriers. When

making decisions regarding international strategies, it is important for companies to analyze

and understand the foreign market to determine if there is an opportunity for success on the

market. However, many SMEs fail to do a thorough market analysis prior to

internationalizing and never reach their full potential on the market.

Purpose

The purpose of this thesis is, through a market analysis, to determine if Sweden is a suitable

market for a Canadian SME in the men’s retail fashion industry.

Method

A qualitative study was carried out to help determine the purpose of the paper where data was

collected through a single case study of the company Phresh Image. Primary research was

conducted through interviews with the CEO of Phresh Image as well as focus group meetings

to collect data regarding the company and the potential customers. The interviews were

structured after the theoretical framework and included participants described by Phresh’s

target group. Secondary data was collected regarding Sweden and the Swedish retail industry

and used to compare the domestic market to the foreign market.

Conclusion

By answering the research questions, the thesis found that Sweden is a suitable market for a

Canadian SME in the men’s retail fashion industry. Branding, quality design were among the

most influential characteristics for Swedish consumers and retail companies in the fashion

industry must take these into consideration when internationalizing to Sweden. Canada’s and

Sweden’s economic, political and cultural environments proved to be rather similar though

some adaptation of a company’s marketing mix may be required. In addition, exporting was

shown to be the most suitable way for retails to enter into Sweden providing limited barriers

and low risk.

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Bourgeois, Elliott. "A Dual Study Approach to Understanding SME Credit Pricing Influencers: Illustrations from the United Kingdom and the Canadian Computer Animation and Visual Effects Industries." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31186.

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It has been empirically established that the differences in the lending rates charged by traditional and large lenders to large versus small creditors can be largely attributed to differences in information opacity (Dietrich, 2012; Holmes et. al. 1994). The greater the information possessed by the creditor, the lower the rate charged to the borrower, suggesting again that a risk premium is being charged for information opacity. Securitizing debt with collateral can reduce the lending rate charged, however differences in the rates charged cannot be fully explained by information opacity or availability of collateral. This dual study approach aims at increasing the understanding of loan pricing determinants. The first study uses data from the UK Survey of SME Finances, 2007 to explore factors internal and external to the firm that are significant in influencing credit prices, providing insight on why credit prices fluctuate from firm to firm. The second study uses interviews with firm owners in the Toronto computer animation and visual effects (CA&VFX) industries to effectively capture the intricacies and gain insight on the nuances involved in the pricing of credit for firms in these industries. The results of the first study suggest that the use of collateral, loan amount, loan duration, and firm size are significant credit pricing influencers while a firm’s strategic orientation, specifically product innovation and propensity to export, are of little importance. Results from the second study suggest that firm owner perceptions generally align with the extant literature on collateralization and relationships with lenders.

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Hanes, Sarah. "Canadian Tourism SMEs: Understanding the Motivations, Valuations of Success and Experiences of Business Owners in Southern Ontario." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/6940.

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This research explores aspects of small tourism businesses in a Canadian context. A number of authors (e.g., Getz and Nilsson, 2004; Hall and Rusher, 2004; Lynch and Tucker, 2004; Morrison and Teixeira, 2004a/b) have noted that while small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) are acknowledged as an important parts of the tourism industry, they are underrepresented in the academic literature. Of the small business research that has been conducted, a sizeable portion has focused on industries other than tourism; the tourism-specific research on SMEs has predominately been conducted in Western Europe, Australia and New Zealand and has frequently focused on a single segment of the industry, often the small accommodation sector. Little research of this nature has been done in a Canadian context. The study was set in Stratford and Goderich, Ontario, and compares and contrasts two parts of the tourism industry: the accommodation and food and beverage sectors. The study focused on small business owners and examined three main aspects: their motivations for starting/purchasing the business, how they evaluated the success of the business and the experiences they had while running the business. The research also set out to examine the demography of Canadian tourism SME owners and how they defined small business. A mixed methods approach was adopted. Data were collected through mailed questionnaires which were followed up with semi-structured interviews. Findings showed that despite motivations being similar between study sites and industries, the paths that lead owners to their business varied greatly. Though ‘lifestyle’ motivations were predominately cited, financial considerations were also noted. Owners frequently used financial calculations to measure the achievement of their lifestyle motivations. The experiences owners had with their business were overwhelmingly positive and were grouped into six themes: changes in the industry, relationship building, staffing, the importance of customer service, financial costs of running a small business and time management. The results of this study confirmed that Canadian tourism SME owners in Stratford and Goderich, Ontario, possess similar motivations, measurements of success and experiences as their national and international counterparts.

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Haddad, Jade Michel. "Portfolio Credit Risk Modelling for a Canadian SME Loans Portfolio." Thesis, 2012. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/977075/4/Haddad_PhD_S2013.pdf.

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ABSTRACT Portfolio Credit Risk Modelling for a Canadian SME Loans Portfolio Jade Michel Haddad The Basel II Capital Accords make strong and controversial assumptions on the behaviour of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in a credit portfolio. Benefiting from a rich, and as such rare, dataset of default and credit risk events, we measure the portfolio credit risk characteristics of one of the riskiest segments of the Canadian SME market. The depth of our data allows for robust segmentations of the data along dual dimensions, including risk grade and size of borrowers, not commonly found in the literature. This, in turn, allows for an SME-specific calibration of models for portfolio credit risk. In particular, we use the Merton-type asset value model (AVM) and the CreditRisk+ frameworks to present empirical estimates of the correlations that underline the relationship among borrower segments in the portfolio. In addition, we present loss distribution estimates for our SME portfolio under various extensions to the AVM and CreditRisk+. These extensions include a Multiple Correlated Sectors implementation of CreditRisk+ and simulation-based, as well as analytical implementations of both frameworks. Our results allow for a thorough testing of Basel II assumptions for portfolio credit risk and its application to SME borrowers. In particular, we present evidence in contrast to Basel II specifications on SME asset correlations, and quantify the impact of the single sector and infinite granularity assumptions in the Basel II Internal Ratings Based (IRB) approach to portfolio credit risk. Our work is undertaken within a consistent calibration of the AVM and CreditRisk+ frameworks and presents an SME-specific calibration refinement for CreditRisk+. Finally, we focus on capital allocations under the Basel II framework and present a partial implementation analysis quantifying the impact of the application of various Basel II conventions to our SME portfolio. Capital allocations from our internally-calibrated portfolio credit risk frameworks reveal a misallocation of capital among SME segments under Basel II. Given our thorough assessment of both Basel II and the credit risk characteristics underlying SME portfolios, we provide suggestions for an improved SME portfolio credit risk management framework.

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Books on the topic "Canadian SMEs"

Fischer, Eileen. Selling to Asian markets: Partnership strategies for Canadian SMEs. [Vancouver]: Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada = Fondation Asie Pacifique du Canada, 1997.

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Canada. Parliament. House of Commons. Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Trade. Canadian SMEs in the world economy: Developing effective business-government partnership for international success : report of. Ottawa, Canada: Public Works and Govt. Services Canada, 1996.

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Canada. Parliament. House of Commons. Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Trade. Canadian SMEs in the world economy: Developing effective business-government partnership for international success : report of the House of Commons Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Trade. Ottawa: Canada Communication Group-Publishing, 1996.

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McDougall, Gilles. Business strategies of SMEs and large firms in Canada. [Ottawa]: Industry Canada, 1997.

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Canada. Small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) financing in Canada. Ottawa: Government of Canada, 2002.

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McClean, Ronald John. Net impact study Canada: The SME experience : a preliminary report, November 2002. Ottawa, Ont: Canadian e-Business Initiative, 2002.

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SME and Entrepreneurship Policy in Canada. OECD, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264273467-en.

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teollisuusministeriö, Finland Kauppa ja, ed. Comparison of public special financing programs for SMEs: Canada, Finland, France, Germany and Norway. [Helsinki, Finland]: Ministry of Trade and Industry, 2000.

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Canada, ed. Small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) financing in Canada. [Ottawa]: Govt. of Canada, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Canadian SMEs"

Bourdeau, Simon, and Dragos Vieru. "Digital Fluency in SMEs." In Advances in Human Resources Management and Organizational Development, 43–64. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8933-4.ch003.

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In the practitioner and the academic literatures, links between information technology (IT) adoption, IT use, and digital fluency (DF) have been emphasized by a number of authors. However, there is a lack of understanding of what exactly digital fluency is, how it can be conceptualized, and what role it plays in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Based on the DF literature and its underlying concepts such as skills, expertise, and competencies, as well as on the SME literature, a multi-case study of three Canadian SMEs is conducted to empirically evaluate a typology of DF archetypes. The typology, that is based on a change agent perspective, has three archetypes. Results suggest that SMEs' managers should focus on the complementarity nature of the cognitive, social, and technological dimensions of DF when assessing and developing their employees' DF.

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Bourdeau, Simon, and Dragos Vieru. "Digital Fluency in SMEs." In Research Anthology on Small Business Strategies for Success and Survival, 319–40. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-9155-0.ch016.

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Beaudry, Catherine, and Joël Levasseur. "Collaboration, Innovation, and Funding as Survival Factors for Canadian Biotechnology SMEs." In Biotechnology, 1498–530. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8903-7.ch062.

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This chapter aims to determine the factors, such as collaboration, research and development, intellectual property, product management and financing, that influence the survival of biotechnology firms in Canada. The research uses data from four biannual surveys on the use and development of biotechnology collected by Statistics Canada between 1999 and 2005, and follows these firms in the official business register of the organisation up to 2009, to build a Cox proportional hazard model of firm survival. The research finds that firms that collaborate for exploration purposes have better chances of survival than others. Results also suggest that a larger number of patents decreases the probability of survival. Investigation of the product development process shows that because of the vast resources necessary for clinical research, firms enter the production and commercialisation stage in a weak position, which may then result in firm exit.

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Beaudry, Catherine, and Joël Levasseur. "Collaboration, Innovation, and Funding as Survival Factors for Canadian Biotechnology SMEs." In Comparative Approaches to Biotechnology Development and Use in Developed and Emerging Nations, 369–408. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1040-6.ch013.

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"Canada." In Financing SMEs and Entrepreneurs, 44–51. OECD, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264166769-6-en.

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"Canada." In Financing SMEs and Entrepreneurs. OECD, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/fin_sme_ent-2017-15-en.

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"Canada." In Financing SMEs and Entrepreneurs, 90–98. OECD, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/fin_sme_ent-2014-9-en.

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"Canada." In Financing SMEs and Entrepreneurs, 144–54. OECD, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/fin_sme_ent-2016-10-en.

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"Canada." In SMEs in Public Procurement, 143–46. OECD, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264307476-12-en.

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"Canada." In Financing SMEs and Entrepreneurs. OECD, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/dd58fdf4-en.

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Conference papers on the topic "Canadian SMEs"

Rahim, A. H. M. A., and E. P. Nowicki. "Low voltage performance improvement of a doubly fed wind generator through SMES." In 2012 25th IEEE Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccece.2012.6335059.

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Herstead, S., M. de Vos, and S. Cook. "Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission: Readiness to Regulate SMRs in Canada." In ASME 2011 Small Modular Reactors Symposium. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smr2011-6561.

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The success of any new build project is reliant upon all stakeholders — applicants, vendors, contractors and regulatory agencies — being ready to do their part. Over the past several years, the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC) has been working to ensure that it has the appropriate regulatory framework and internal processes in place for the timely and efficient licensing of all types of reactor, regardless of size. This effort has resulted in several new regulatory documents and internal processes including pre-project vendor design reviews. The CNSC’s general nuclear safety objective requires that nuclear facilities be designed and operated in a manner that will protect the health, safety and security of persons and the environment from unreasonable risk, and to implement Canada’s international commitments on the peaceful use of nuclear energy. To achieve this objective, the regulatory approach strikes a balance between pure performance-based regulation and prescriptive-based regulation. By utilizing this approach, CNSC seeks to ensure a regulatory environment exists that encourages innovation within the nuclear industry without compromising the high standards necessary for safety. The CNSC is applying a technology neutral approach as part of its continuing work to update its regulatory framework and achieve clarity of its requirements. A reactor power threshold of approximately 200 MW(th) has been chosen to distinguish between large and small reactors. It is recognized that some Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) will be larger than 200 MW(th), so a graded approach to achieving safety is still possible even though Nuclear Power Plant design and safety requirements will apply. Design requirements for large reactors are established through two main regulatory documents. These are RD-337 Design for New Nuclear Power Plants, and RD-310 Safety Analysis for Nuclear Power Plants. For reactors below 200 MW(th), the CNSC allows additional flexibility in the use of a graded approach to achieving safety in two new regulatory documents: RD-367 Design of Small Reactors and RD-308 Deterministic Safety Analysis for Small Reactors. The CNSC offers a pre-licensing vendor design review as an optional service for reactor facility designs. This review process is intended to provide early identification and resolution of potential regulatory or technical issues in the design process, particularly those that could result in significant changes to the design or analysis. The process aims to increase regulatory certainty and ultimately contribute to public safety. This paper outlines the CNSC’s expectations for applicant and vendor readiness and discusses the process for pre-licensing reviews which allows vendors and applicants to understand their readiness for licensing.

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Lee, Kevin. "The Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission: Readiness Activities to Regulate Small Modular Reactors." In 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-82620.

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Over the course of the last several years the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC) has engaged with numerous vendors and potential licenses of small modular reactors (SMR) technology. This paper describes why Canada, and the CNSC, is of such interest to the international SMR community for prelicensing engagement and potential licensing of SMRs. It discusses what an SMR is and what potentially differentiates them from standard nuclear power plants (NPP). Readiness activities for the potential licensing of SMRs are described as well as modifications being made to the CNSC’s existing regulatory framework to facilitate the same, without reducing safety. The role of the CNSC’s discussion paper (DIS-16-04, Small Modular Reactors: Regulatory Strategy, Approaches and Challenges) and how feedback received on it helped confirm the CNSC’s modifications to be undertaken to the regulatory framework, as well as areas requiring further clarity, are highlighted. Finally, The CNSC Vendor Design Review (VDR) process is described as well as its part in ensuring a state of readiness to evaluate a licence application.

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Montemurro, David, Kim McCaig, Richard Hoffmann, and Reena Sahney. "Capturing Best Practices for Third Party Inspections of Pipeline Construction." In 2016 11th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2016-64116.

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The North American pipeline industry is facing a time of significant expansion over the next decade as a result of market demand and technology advancements that have fundamentally shifted supply and demand patterns in North America. While recent commodity prices have softened, the need for pipeline infrastructure may only be somewhat delayed, still allowing industry opportunity to improve practices in a number of areas. The INGAA Foundation and the Canadian Energy Pipeline Association (CEPA) Foundation have a number of initiatives underway in this respect; in particular, there is an emphasis on improving quality in all aspects of the pipeline construction process. One of the initiatives, described in this paper, relates to the compilation of a guide and body of knowledge for inspection practices and captures best practices as they relate to third party inspection during the construction process. The outlined approach is intended to have two main philosophical underpinnings: it must complement existing practices, training and certification, and it must remain user friendly and practical to use. The main challenge in capturing best practices in this area lies in striking an appropriate balance between specific guidance regarding third party inspection and overly prescriptive, specific company practices. This is further complicated due to the broad range of topics and information required that is not always consistently documented across member companies. In light of these realities, the approach for the Practical Guide for Pipeline Construction Inspection was to align material required to perform an inspection task tightly to the sequential construction process to allow an intuitive layout for new industry entrants. Once a working group, representing both US and Canadian Operators and Services providers was established, a detailed table of contents was developed and agreed to by the group. Using this simple framework, available Member Company information was then reviewed, assessed and captured in detail for inclusion in the guide. The information took a range of forms ranging from specifications, manuals to training documents and modules. Significant collaboration, through working sessions, with Subject Matter Experts (SMEs), used to review, revise and supplement the content, as required. Overall, this approach provided a technically sound guide, addressing gaps in codified industry knowledge, while remaining relevant and accessible for most users. Upon completion, this body of knowledge will be available for member companies to use immediately, and potentially, as a basis for training, individual study, and the further refinement of existing industry certification.

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Stansfield, Mark, and Kevin Grant. "Barriers to the Take-Up of Electronic Commerce among Small-Medium Sized Enterprises." In 2003 Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2662.

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Since small-medium sized enterprises (SMEs) play a vital role within many major economies throughout the world, their ability to successfully adopt and utilize the Internet and electronic commerce is of prime importance in ensuring their stability and future survival. In this paper, initial findings will be reported of a study carried out by the authors into the use made of the Internet and electronic commerce and key issues influencing its use by SMEs. In order to broaden the scope of this paper, the results gained from the study will be compared with figures relating to businesses in the rest of Scotland and the UK, as well as the US, Canada and Japan, and European countries that include Sweden, Germany, France and Italy. The issues raised from this study will be compared with similar studies carried out in other countries such as Australia, New Zealand and British Columbia, as well as countries within the European Union in order to provide a wider meaningful international context for the results of the study.

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Bourgouin, France, and Michael Oxman. "SME Development Among Aboriginal Communities in Canada." In SPE International Conference on Health, Safety, and Environment. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/168554-ms.

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Champagne, Catherine, Yann H. Kerr, Ali Mahmoodi, Philippe Richaume, Arnaud Mialon, Heather McNairn, Anna Pacheco, Stephane Belair, and Marco Carrera. "Enhancements of SMOS level 2 soil moisture products over Canada." In IGARSS 2014 - 2014 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2014.6946964.

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Maier, J., and K. Ferens. "Classification of english phrases and SMS text messages using Bayes and Support Vector Machine classifiers." In 2009 Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccece.2009.5090166.

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Adetiloye, Kehinde O. "Design of intelligent database program for an interactive auto-responsive SMS-based opinion poll system using triggers and stored procedure." In 2014 IEEE 27th Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccece.2014.6900919.

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Trogo, Rhia, Jed Barry Ebardaloza, Delfin Jay Sabido, Gerry Bagtasa, Edgardo Tongson, and Orlando Balderama. "SMS-based Smarter Agriculture decision support system for yellow corn farmers in Isabela." In 2015 IEEE Canada International Humanitarian Technology Conference (IHTC2015). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ihtc.2015.7238049.

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