Relevant bibliographies by topics / Candela

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Candela'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Candela"

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Kivijärvi, Pirjo, and Veikko Hintikainen. "Pieniä kaalinkeriä vihannestiskeihin." Suomen Maataloustieteellisen Seuran Tiedote, no. 23 (January 31, 2008): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.33354/smst.76994.

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Vuosina 2006 ja 2007 testattiin tilakokeissa kahdella eri tilalla useita valkokaalilajikkeita tavoitteenatuottaa pienikokoisia ja varastointia kestäviä keriä. Tavoitteeseen pyrittiin käyttämällä tiheämpää istutustakuin normaalisti varastokaalin viljelyssä. Vuonna 2006 kokeet toteutettiin Mäntyharjussa Etelä-Savossa ja Pohjois-Pohjanmaalla Nivalassa, vuonna 2007 vain Nivalassa. Koealueiden viljelytoimenpiteettehtiin tilojen viljelykäytäntöjen mukaan.Kasvukaudella 2006 koelajikkeina olivat Guard, Topgun, Reaction, Budena ja Candela. Mäntyharjussaistutustiheys oli 38 500 tainta/ha ja Nivalassa 45 000 tainta/ha. Lajikekokeeseen liittyen tehtiinmyös varastointikoe, jossa kustakin lajikkeesta varastoitiin kaksi kuution laatikkoa. Ensimmäinenerä kauppakunnostettiin tammikuussa ja toinen maaliskuussa 2007. Varastointikokeessa verrannelajikkeenaoli tiloilla viljelyssä oleva ja meillä yleisin varastokaalilajike Lennox. Vuonna 2007 koelajikkeinaolivat Attraction, Candela, Reaction, Kilaton, McCartney, Budena ja Paradox. Verrannelajikkeenaoli Lennox. Paradox- ja Lennox-lajikkeiden istutustiheys oli 32 000 tainta/ha, muiden lajikkeiden38 500 tainta/ha.Vuonna 2006 parhaan kauppakelpoisen sadon Mäntyharjussa tuottivat Candela- ja Reactionlajikkeet,68 700 kg/ha ja 67 600 kg/ha. Nivalassa satoisimpia olivat Guard-, Reaction- ja Topgunlajikkeet,joiden kauppakelpoinen sato jäi hieman alle 60 000 kg/ha. Lajikkeiden kauppakelpoisensadon osuus oli yli 90 % kokonaissadosta, paitsi Candela-lajikkeella Nivalassa. Vuonna 2007 verranteenaollut Lennox-lajikeen kauppakelpoinen sato oli lähes 63 000 kg/ha. Koelajikkeista vain Attractiontuotti Lennoxia paremman kauppakelpoisen sadon, noin 70 000 kg/ha. Lajikkeiden kokonaissadonkauppakelpoisuus oli Budena-lajiketta lukuun ottamatta yli 90 %.Tiheällä istutuksella päästiin joillakin lajikkeilla haluttuun keräkokoon. Vuonna 2006 Nivalankokeessa Budena- ja Candela-lajikkeiden kauppakelpoisesta sadosta pääosa oli tavoitellussa 0,75-1,5kg:n kokoluokassa. Budena-lajike käyttäytyi Mäntyharjun kokeessa Nivalan kokeen tavoin. Muillalajikkeilla pääosa kauppakelpoisesta sadosta oli kokoluokassa 1,5-2,5 kg. Vuonna 2007 ei tiheämmälläistutuksella saatu edellisen vuoden kaltaista vaikutusta kerien kokoon, johtuen ainakin osittain harvemmastaistutuksesta. Pienten kerien osuus sadosta jäi kaikilla lajikkeilla alle 30 %:in.Varastointikokeessa Topgun ja Budena säilyivät huonommin kuin muut lajikkeet. Parhaitenpitkässä varastoinnissa säilyivät Mäntyharjussa Candela-, Guard- ja Lennox-lajikkeet, joiden kauppakelpoisuusoli 75-77 %. Nivalassa Guard-, Lennox- ja Reaction-lajikkeiden kauppakelpoisuus oli maaliskuunkauppakunnostuksessa vielä 82-86 %.
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Martínez, M. "Contribución metodológica de Juan Antonio Tonda Magallón al cálculo estructural de las cáscaras cilíndricas largas de cubierta." Informes de la Construcción 70, no. 550 (June 21, 2018): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/ic.16.078.

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El arquitecto español Juan Antonio Tonda Magallón, es conocido como uno de los más importantes discípulos y colaboradores del arquitecto Félix Candela Outeriño. A pesar de los numerosos escritos existentes sobre la vida y obra de Félix Candela, faltan estudios de detalle referentes a los métodos de cálculo empleados en sus estructuras. Tonda participó, sobretodo, en el cálculo estructural y desarrollo geométrico de las estructuras proyectadas por Candela; especializándose en las cáscaras delgadas de hormigón armado. En este artículo se analiza y desarrolla la aportación metodológica de J. A. Tonda al cálculo estructural de estas tipologías, concretamente al caso de las cáscaras cilíndricas largas de cubierta, basado en el análisis límite con el enfoque plástico del equilibrio. Con el método, a continuación expuesto y denominado método de la viga, se logró poder calcular, de manera sencilla y segura, estas tipologías estructurales como se tratará de demostrar a continuación.
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Del Blanco García, Federico Luis, and Ismael García Ríos. "Félix Candela y Fernando Higueras. Ocho años y siete proyectos en común." VLC arquitectura. Research Journal 9, no. 1 (April 29, 2022): 161–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/vlc.2022.15288.

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En el año 1979 los arquitectos Félix Candela y Fernando Higueras comenzaron una colaboración que se prolongaría hasta 1987 y que dio como resultado siete proyectos de los cuáles tan solo uno llegó a construirse. Entre los proyectos aparece una variación de la icónica estructura de paraguas invertido de Candela que, de haberse llegado a construir, habría supuesto la mayor luz salvada por el arquitecto mediante este tipo de estructuras. Pese a tratarse de dos de los arquitectos españoles más relevantes del siglo XX, la divulgación no solo de los proyectos que realizaron en común, sino de la propia colaboración entre ambos ha sido escasa. El artículo presenta una recopilación de planos no publicados de los proyectos fruto de la colaboración entre Félix Candela y Fernando Higueras, e indica las fuentes documentales y la localización del resto de archivos originales que pudieran necesitarse en futuras investigaciones. El artículo estudia y analiza algunos aspectos de estos siete proyectos.
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Moreyra Garlock, Maria E., and Branko Glisic. "Thin Shell Concrete Structures of Félix Candela and Max Borges Jr." Journal of the International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures 61, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.20898/j.iass.2020.203.031.

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Max Borges Jr. (1918 – 2009) was an architect of thin shell concrete structures in Cuba in the 1950's. During this time, Félix Candela (1910 – 1997) owned a construction company that was dedicated to the design and construction of thin shells. Candela also owned an international reputation as a designer of thin shells in the hyperbolic paraboloid (hypar) form. The two men worked together for the first time on a project in Mexico City in 1954, and since then collaborated on several more, most of them in Cuba. This paper illustrates the architect – engineer relationship between Borges and Candela and documents the collaborative projects between them. The research grew out of a course co-taught by the authors, where the course was inspired by the style of teaching of David Billington (1927 – 2018) that integrates engineering with the humanities. Billington believed in scholarship based on historical studies and documentation of heritage structures. This paper is in tribute to this great man who continues to inspire.
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Melamed, S. "Candela." Experimental Eye Research 55 (September 1992): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-4835(92)90308-f.

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Del Blanco García, Federico Luis, and Ismael García Ríos. "Fernando Higueras y Félix Candela en un retorno a la geometría de paraguas invertidos. Análisis y reconstitución gráfica del aeropuerto de Murcia, 1983." EGA Revista de expresión gráfica arquitectónica 23, no. 32 (March 26, 2018): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ega.2018.9813.

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<p>El artículo que se expone a continuación es parte del resultado de un trabajo de investigación realizado en la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. A lo largo de este artículo se analiza el proyecto para el aeropuerto de Murcia realizado por Fernando Higueras bajo el asesoramiento de Félix Candela en el año 1982.</p><p>En él se incluyen la documentación original inédita del proyecto, conservada en los depósitos del Colegio Oficial de Arquitectos de Madrid y de Cataluña, así como planos e infografías realizados por los autores del artículo para la reconstitución gráfica y posteriores estudio y análisis del aeropuerto.</p><p>La geometría del proyecto se genera mediante superficies parabólico hiperbólicas, emulando la estructura de paraguas invertido que Candela desarrolló en la década de los años 50. De haberse llegado a construir, hubiera supuesto la mayor estructura de este tipo jamás realizada por Félix Candela; contaba con voladizos de 12 metros apoyados en un único pilar.</p>
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Baco, Syarifuddin, Andi Haslindah, Eka Yuniarti, and Tawin Tawin. "PERANCANGAN JENDELA GESER OTOMATIS MENGGUNAKAN MIKROKONTROLER BERBASIS ARDUINO." ILTEK : Jurnal Teknologi 14, no. 01 (April 14, 2019): 2020–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.47398/iltek.v14i01.361.

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Kemajuan teknologi adalah sesuatu yang tidak bisa kita hindari dalam kehidupan ini, karena kemajuan teknologi akan berjalan sesuai dengan kemajuanm ilmu pengetahuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memudahkan dan mengefisienkan waktu dalam pengerjaan buka tutup jendela, yang kini bisa dilakukan dengan cara otomatis. Penelitian ini diawali dengan perancangan alat, dimana dalam penelitian ini akan dibuat jendela otomatis dengan menggunakan sensor cahaya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu mikrokontroler berbasis Arduino yang mana dalam pembuatannya menggunakan sensor cahaya, Motor DC, dan Arduino Uno, selanjutnya merancang dan merangkai alat untuk mengetahui kondisi alat tersebut aktif dan bisa digunakan sesuai dengan kegunaanya. Parameter yang diamati adalah jarak jangkauan cahaya yang dapat ditangkap oleh sensor cahaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa intensitas cahaya yang diterima oleh sensor cahaya sebesar 30 candela dengan jarak jangkauan 4 meter, jika intensitas cahaya yang diberikan diatas 30 candela maka jarak jangkauan berkurang, sedangkan jika intensitas cahaya yang diberikan dibawah 30 candela maka jarak jangkaun akan bertambah dan membuat sensor cahaya semakin sensitif terhadap cahaya yang diterimanya. Adapun kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah perancangan jendela otomatis menggunakan sensor cahaya berhasil diimplemantasikan, serta lebih mengefisienkan waktu dalam pengerjaan buka tutup jendela.
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LEE, Dong-Hoon, and Kee-Suk HONG. "Future Definition of the Candela Based on Single Photons." Physics and High Technology 30, no. 3 (March 31, 2021): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3938/phit.30.007.

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We discuss the candela (cd), the SI unit for light intensity, and its relation to single-photon technology. Currently, the definition of candela is based on the radiant flux in the unit of watts (W) with a fixed constant Kcd, and its primary standard is implemented electrically. Recent advances in the generation and the detection of a single photon indicate that photon-counting techniques with very small uncertainties of less than 1 ppm will become available in the near future. Thus single-photon technology will allow the light intensity to be defined simply in terms of the number of photons counted rather than the power measured in watts.
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Bergaust, Kristin, Venke Aure, and Oddrun Sæter. "Bar Candela." International Journal of the Arts in Society: Annual Review 4, no. 4 (2009): 283–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1833-1866/cgp/v04i04/35709.

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Del Blanco García, Federico Luis, and Laura Perez Lupi. "Parametric methods for virtual reconstruction. The hyperbolic paraboloids designed by Félix Candela." EGE-Expresión Gráfica en la Edificación, no. 10 (December 1, 2018): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ege.2018.12437.

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<p>The paper explains the process used in a research project whose objective was the reconstruction of the hyperbolic-parabolic surfaces of a selection of non-built projects designed by Félix Candela.</p><p>The workflow was based on an automation process. After setting up the variables and define a procedural design, it has been possible to obtain the variation of the projects designed by Candela.</p><p>The virtual reconstruction was done using models parameterized with Grasshopper and experimentally with Houdini FX.</p><p>The results are valid not only for their scientific debate but also can have an educational role in the fields of geometry and architectural communication.</p>
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More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Candela"

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Gonzalez, Galvan Laura Patricia. "Materialisation de la candela (unité d'intensité lumineuse dans le système international); à l'aide de photomètres dont la chaîne de raccordement au radiomètre cryogénique primaire est parfaitement établie." Paris, CNAM, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CNAM0512.

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La définition la plus récente de la candela, adoptée en 1979 par la 16ème Conférence Générale des Poids et Mesures est la suivante : La candela est l’intensité lumineuse, dans une direction donnée, d’une source qui émet un rayonnement monochromatique de fréquence 540 x 10[puissance]12 hertz et dont l’intensité énergétique dans cette direction est de 1/683 watt par stéradian. Cette définition ne donne pas de méthode pratique pour sa réalisation, elle ne donne qu’une relation directe entre les grandeurs photométriques et les grandeurs radiométriques. Depuis plusieurs années, les mesures radiométriques ont connu un développement important, et une réduction notable des incertitudes grâce au développement des radiomètres cryogéniques à substitution électrique, qui servent de références radiométriques. Il est donc logique de rattacher la réalisation de la candela aux mesures radiométriques faites avec le radiomètre cryogénique. La matérialisation de la candela est faite actuellement à l’utilisation de photomètres. Les photomètres sont composés de 3 composants : détecteur, filtre et diaphragme. Le détecteur utilisé peut être un seul détecteur ou un détecteur piège, lequel est composé de trois détecteurs placés de façon à ce que les pertes par réflexion soient minimes. Le filtre V(lambda), correspondant à la vision photopique, est réalisé à l’aide d’une combinaison de verres présentant différents facteurs de transmission. Le diaphragme est utilisé pour délimiter la quantité de lumière qui arrive sur le photomètre. Dans ce travail nous avons utilisé des détecteurs pièges qui ont une traçabilité au radiomètre cryogénique. De cette manière nous obtenons la sensibilité du détecteur piège aux longueurs d’onde des lasers employés. En utilisant comme étalon un détecteur non sélectif, nous obtenons la sensibilité spectrale de ces mêmes détecteurs pièges sur l’intervalle de mesure de 380 nm à 780 nm. Les filtres V(lambda) sont mesurés pour obtenir leur facteur de transmission dans le même intervalle. La surface du diaphragme est obtenue en utilisant la méthode des moindres carrés à partir des mesures des points des bords du diaphragme avec une table micrométrique. Ces trois éléments étant caractérisés, nous faisons le calcul du facteur d’adaptation spectral du photomètre et nous utilisons l’équation du corps noir de Planck pour obtenir le flux énergétique de l’illuminant utilisé. La sensibilité lumineuse du photomètre est égale à la sensibilité du photomètre à 555 nm divisée par, le produit de l’efficacité lumineuse maximale et du facteur d’adaptation spectral. Cette valeur de la sensibilité lumineuse est donnée en unité de courant électrique divisée par le flux lumineux. Comme nous connaissons la surface du diaphragme nous calculons l’éclairement lumineux qui arrive sur le photomètre. En utilisant le loi de l’inverse carré de la distance nous trouvons l’intensité lumineuse de la source. Le travail exposé dans ce document décrit la réalisation pratique de l’unité d’intensité lumineuse, la candela, effectuée à l’Institut National de Métrologie du Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers et son raccordement au radiomètre cryogénique, meilleure référence actuelle des mesures radiométriques
The most recent definition of the candela, adopted in 1979 by the 16th General Conference of the Weights and Mesures is the following : The candela is the luminous intensity, in a given direction, of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 x 10[to the power of]12 hertz and that has a radiant intensity in that direction of 1/683 watt per steradian. This definition doesn’t give any practical method for its realization, but only a direct relation between the photometric quantities and the radiometric quantities. Since several years, radiometric measurements have known a significant development, and a notable reduction of uncertainties thanks to the development of the electrically calibrated cryogenic radiometers, which are used as radiometric reference. For this reason it is logical to connect the realization of the candela to the radiometric measurements carried out with the cryogenic radiometer. The materialization of the candela is actually done with the use of photometers. The photometers are composed by 3 components : detector, filter and aperture. The detector can be a single detector or a trap detector, which is composed by three detectors placed in the way to get minimal losses by reflexion. The V(lambda) filter, corresponding to the photopic vision, is produced using a combination of glasses that present diferent transmittances. The aperture is used to delimit the quantity of light entering inside the photometer. In this work we used trap detectors which have traceability to the cryogenic radiometer. In this way we had the responsivity of the trap detector in 3 differents lasers wavelengths. Using as a standard a non selective detector , we obtained the relative spectral responsivity of these trap detectors in the range of 380 nm to 780 nm. The V(lambda) filters have been measured to get their transmitance in the same range. The surface of the aperture has been measured thanks to a micrometric table and contactless method. With this three elements charaterized, we can calculate the mismatch correction factor of the photometer and we used the equation of the black body of Planck to obtain the radiant energy flux of the illuminant. The luminous responsivity of the photometer is equal to the responsivity of the photometer at 555 nm divided by, the product of the constant of luminous efficacy and the mismatch correction factor. This value of luminous responsivity is given in units of electrical current divided by luminous flux. As we know the surface of the aperture, we can calculate the illuminance of the photometer. Using the inverse square law of the distance, we can find the luminous intensity of the source. The work presented in this document describe the practical realisation of the unit of luminous intensity, the candela, done at the Institut National de Metrologie du Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, and its traceability to the cryogenic radiometer, the best actual standard for radiometric measurements
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Starczewski, Jerzy Andrzej. "Felix Candela : the structure and form of reinforced concrete shells." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22954.

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Pulat, Arpat, and Tayierjiang Zaierding. "En jämförelsestudie av fritidsbåtar mellan The Candela Seven och AMT 230 GP." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar produktionsutveckling (ML), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-292202.

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Detta examensarbete går ut på att utföra en analys i form av en jämförelsestudie av två fritidsbåtar med funktions, ekonomisk samt hållbarhetsaspekter i fokus. Projektet utgår samt är inriktad på en eldrivenbärplansbåt The Candela Seven från elmotorbåtsproducent Candela Speed Boat AB där båten jämförs med motorbåten AMT 230 GP från Advanced Marine Tech Premium Boats och utvärderas dels med hjälp av Havsmiljöinstitutets samarbete mellan olika institutioner i Sverige som referensram. Projektmålen är att genom analys och utvärderingar av jämförelsearbete utse båten som ska prioriteras mellan Candela Seven och AMT 230 GP samt komma med eventuella rekommendationer ur funktions-, ekonomiska samt hållbarhetsperspektiv. Arbetet startade med en nulägesanalys för att skapa insikt i produktfunktionalitet av båtarna, vilka ekonomisk och hållbarhetsfördelar produkten har samt hur marknaden ser ut för elbåtar med kundbehov i fokus. För vidareanalys av insamlade data och fakta för jämförelsearbete genomfördes SWOT- och kvantitativa analysmetoder samt genom matematiska resonemang och analyser identifiera båtens egenskaper och fördelar jämfört med konkurrenten. I jämförelseanalys används jämförelsematris för värdering och sammanställning av olika parametrar mot varandra samt utse båten som ska prioriteras. I jämförelseanalysen med olika parametrar visades Candela Seven är en gynnsammare båt att välja eller köpa och som prioriteras i jämförelse med AMT 230 GP. Fokus kan bli att hitta flera kunder som är intressanta, eller produktanpassa för att uppfylla kunders önskemål. Nulägesanalys genomfördes som visar att en huvudkonkurrent med bensindriven båt identifierades samt är ett substitut som utmanar produkten. Utmärkta egenskaper från SWOT och Kvantitativa-analysen är att Candela Seven är energisparande samt lönsammare att driva med mindre underhåll jämfört med AMT 230 GP. Dessutom är produkten miljövänligare i körning med hållbarhetstänkande egenskaper och design.
This thesis is based on performing an analysis in the form of a comparative study of two leisure boats with functional, economic and sustainability aspects in focus. The project is based and focuses on an electric hydrofoil boat The Candela Seven from electric motorboat manufacturer Candela Speed Boat AB where the boat is compared with the motorboat AMT 230 GP from Advanced Marine Tech Premium Boats and evaluatedpartly with the help of the Institute of Marine Environment's cooperation betweendifferent institutions in Sweden as a reference framework. The project goals are to, through analysis and evaluations of comparative work,designate the boat that will be prioritized between Candela Seven and AMT 230 GP andgive eventual recommendations from a functional, financial and sustainabilityperspective. The work started with a current situation analysis to create insight into the productfunctionality of the boats, what economic and sustainability benefits the product hasand what the market looks like for electric boats with customer needs in focus. Forfurther analysis of collected data and facts for comparative work, SWOT andquantitative analysis methods were performed and through mathematical reasoning andanalyzes to identify the boat's properties and advantages compared to the competitor. In comparison analysis, a comparison matrix is used for valuation and compilation ofdifferent parameters against each other and to designate the boat to be prioritized.In the comparison analysis with various parameters, Candela Seven was shown to be amore favorable boat to choose or buy and which is prioritized in comparison with theAMT 230 GP. The focus can be on finding more customers that are interesting, orproduct adaptation to fulfill customer needs. The current situation analysis was carried out which shows that a main competitor witha petrol-powered boat was identified and is a substitute that challenges the product.Excellent features from the SWOT and Quantitative analysis are that Candela Seven isenergy-saving and more profitable to operate with less maintenance cost compared to the AMT 230 GP. In addition, the product is more environmentally proficient whendriving with sustainability-thinking properties and design.
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KATNAH, ACHRAF. "Une nouvelle materialisation de l'unite d'intensite lumineuse la candela a partir du radiometre cryogenique." Paris, CNAM, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997CNAM0294.

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A l'inm une realisation de la candela a ete faite a partir d'un radiometre a substitution electrique (rse) et d'un filtre correcteur v() (fcv()) pour mesurer l'intensite lumineuse (il) des lampes etalons. L'incertitude type relative ((i)) etait de 0,3% a 1. Elle est due aux proprietes physiques du rse. Le nouveau photometre (phm) etalon utilise une photodiode (phd) au si qu'on peut etalonner en sensibilite spectrale absolue (ssa) par rapport au radiometre cryogenique (rc) a quelques 0,01% pres, ce qui devrait reduire (i). Nous avons choisie la phd hamamatsu s3204-03 (de type stable dans le temps) comme detecteur a utiliser dans le phm. Elle a montre des caracteristiques interessantes en linearite, en sensibilite spectrale relative (ssr) et locale. Sa ssr a ete adaptee en realisant un fcv(), en verres colores colles, pour que la ssr de l'ensemble s'approche de la courbe theorique v() de la c. I. E. . La ssr du phm a ete evaluee sur tout le domaine spectrale visible en combinant la ssr de la phd, la transmission spectrale relative du fcv() et le facteur d'intereflexion entre le filtre et la phd. La courbe de la ssr ainsi obtenue a ete comparee a la courbe v() pour determiner le fas du phm realise. Nous avons mesure la ssa du phm par rapport au rc en utilisant des sources lasers. Ces mesures ont ete utilisees pour calculer la sensibilite lumineuse correspondante du phm en tenant compte des facteurs de correction lies au fait que le phm a une ssr differente de la courbe v(). Finalement, en utilisant la sensibilite lumineuse moyenne du phm ainsi que son fas nous avons mesure l'il de quelques lampes etalons. L'incertitude provisoire (i) obtenue avec la nouvelle realisation est estimee a 0,42% a 1. L'incertitude principal vient de la determination de la ssr du phm. Des propositions ont ete faites pour ameliorer sa determination et reduire (i).
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Devanz, Guillaume. "Etude numérique et expérimentale de la dynamique du faisceau du photoinjecteur CANDELA et instrumentation associée." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006568.

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Candela, Andrade Mario [Verfasser]. "Patellar luxation and concomitant cranial cruciate ligament rupture in small breed dogs / Mario Candela Andrade." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2020. http://d-nb.info/121092563X/34.

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DEVANZ, GUILLAUME. "Etude numerique et experimentale de la dynamique du faisceau du photo-injecteur candela et instrumentation associee." Paris 6, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA066154.

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Les canons radio-frequence declenches par laser font partie des sources d'electrons les plus brillantes, permettant d'atteindre les performances requises pour les applications les plus exigeantes que sont les collisionneurs lineaires electrons/positrons et les lasers a electrons libres aux courtes longueurs d'onde. Candela est un photo-injecteur en bande s declenche par un laser sub-picoseconde. Il permet de d'atteindre des courants crete de l'ordre de la centaine d'amperes pour une energie moyenne superieure a 2 mev. La conception originale des deux cavites acceleratrices vise la minimisation des emittances transverses et longitudinale selon les principes enonces par gao. Pour des considerations pratiques, les parametres de fonctionnement, en particulier la duree de l'impulsion laser, ne correspondent pas a ceux qui avaient ete envisages lors de la conception. Des simulations numeriques ont donc ete effectuees pour evaluer les performances du canon dans la situation experimentale. La recherche d'un fonctionnement stable de l'injecteur a donne lieu a des evolutions consequentes dans les systemes d'asservissement de phase faisant intervenir le laser et la source hf. Les caracteristiques transverses et longitudinales du faisceau ont ete mesurees en fonction des parametres principaux que sont la charge du faisceau et la phase entre le laser et l'onde hf. Des mesures d'emittance transverse, dispersion en energie et durees de paquets sont presentees pour plusieurs configurations de l'injecteur. Les systemes de mesure du faisceau existants ont ete etudies pour determiner leur resolution, les conditions experimentales a satisfaire, enfin suggerer des ameliorations a apporter pour les adapter au cas particulier du faisceau de candela. L'ensemble des experiences sur le faisceau a ete compare aux simulations numeriques. De cette confrontation ressort un accord sur de larges plages de parametres pour la plupart des grandeurs caracteristiques du faisceau.
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Gentile, Federico. "Sviluppo di una rondella piezoelettrica per la stima della pressione nel cilindro." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/20058/.

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In-cylinder pressure measurement allows for the obtainment of fundamental information for the reduction of pollutant emissions and for the control of the combustion process, especially in applications characterized by unstable combustion such as LTC (Low Temperature Combustion), where an on-board combustion monitoring system is required. The aim of this thesis was the development of a piezoelectric sensor installed under the spark plug, which would allow to perceive a variation of the forces acting on the surfaces of the piezoelectric material due to the pressure variations inside the cylinder, generating a measurable voltage signal. The most convenient solution has been developed, with the miniaturization of the sensor as much as possible without compromising its functionality. The tests carried out with the first prototypes showed a significant correlation with the reference pressure sensor but also showed issues affecting the accuracy of measurement. Such issues are most likely caused by thermic stress both of the assembly and the piezoelectric element, which lead to a non-linear transmission of forces and a variation of piezoelectric properties. For this reason, a new algorithm has been proposed, which is capable of compensating for potential errors in the evaluation of combustion indexes.
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Altobelli, Simone. "Modellistica di accensione per candele ad arco elettrico in motori a combustione interna alternativi." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.

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Nel panorama mondiale di contenimento delle emissioni inquinanti in atmosfera é divenuto sempre più importante limitare la parte derivante dai motori a combustione interna: l'utilizzo di motori GDI a carica stratificata e di ricircolo dei gas di scarico (EGR) sono esempi di tecnologie pensate proprio in tale ottica. Sia la presenza di un ambiente magro che di EGR nel cilindro, come anche l'aumento della pressione nel cilindro per l'incremento della pressione di sovralimentazione o del rapporto di compressione, hanno lo svantaggio di limitare la velocità di combustione e rendere più sfavorevoli le condizioni di accensione della miscela; in questo scenario diviene di fondamentale importanza il miglioramento dei sistemi di accensione, la creazione di modelli volti a simularli e la comprensione dei fenomeni che ne stanno alla base. Il seguente lavoro di tesi si inserisce proprio in questo contesto, indagando le varie fasi di cui si compone il fenomeno dell'accensione e le relazioni che legano le variabili di interesse fisico, verificate sulla base di evidenze sperimentali. Successivamente vengono analizzati i principali modelli d'accensione che sono stati proposti e implementati in codici computazionali fluidodinamici; l'analisi mette in luce le differenze, i punti di forza e le semplificazioni introdotte in ognuno di essi, in modo da poterli valutare criticamente. La suddetta analisi é anche utile per introdurre il modello frutto del lavoro del gruppo di ricerca dell'Università di Bologna; ci si concentra particolarmente su quest'ultimo poiché un obiettivo di questo lavoro di tesi é stato proprio l'implementazione e l'utilizzo del modello in un codice fluidodinamico tridimensionale quale CONVERGE CFD. L'implementazione é stata poi validata attraverso simulazioni su una geometria reale di un motore a combustione interna ad elevate prestazioni, confrontando i risultati ottenuti con il nuovo modello rispetto ai dati sperimentali sulla combustione.
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Östling, Johan. "Effekt och Lumen mätning av LED lampor." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Fasta tillståndets elektronik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-369726.

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I denna rapport undersökts effect förbrukning och uppmätt antal Lumen för en rad olika LED-lampor, reslutatet jämförs sedan med specifikationerna för respektive lampa. Slutsatsen är att även fast det är problematiskt att mäta antalet Lumen från en lampa, så går det att uppvisa liknande resultat som förpackningen påvisar. Effektförbruknings mätningar har mindre felkällor vilket ger ett noggrannare resultat.
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Books on the topic "Candela"

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1910-1997, Candela Félix, and Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Facultad de Arquitectura, eds. Cascarones de Candela: Candela's shells. México, D.F: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 2014.

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García-Valiño, Ignacio. Candela. Zaragoza: Institución "Fernando el Católico" (C.S.I.C.), Area de Cultura, Excma. Diputación Provincial, 1998.

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Candela. Santo Domingo, República Dominicana: Alfaguara, 2006.

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Andújar, R. Emmanuel. Candela. Santo Domingo, República Dominicana: Alfaguara, 2006.

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Roberto, Sánchez. Candela. [Dominican Republic: s.n., 1990.

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Báez, Iván Segarra. Candela. Caguas, P.R: Esmaco Printers, 1997.

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Cueto Ruiz-Funes, Juan Ignacio del and Acción Cultural Española (Organization), eds. Félix Candela. Madrid, Spain]: Acción Cultural Española, 2012.

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1910-1997, Candela Félix, ed. Guía Candela. México, D.F: Arquine, 2013.

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Tonda, Juan Antonio. Félix Candela. Méxica, D.F: Consejo Nacional para la Cultura y las Artes, 2000.

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Gutiérrez, Miguel Donoso. Area de candela. Guayaquil, Ecuador: Editorial Imaginaria, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Candela"

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Gooch, Jan W. "Candela." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 113. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_1879.

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Weik, Martin H. "foot-candela." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 627. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_7403.

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Saha, Shibu, Vijeta K. Jaiswal, and Parag Sharma. "Realization of Candela." In Handbook of Metrology and Applications, 1–31. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1550-5_15-1.

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Saha, Shibu, Vijeta Jangra, V. K. Jaiswal, and Parag Sharma. "Realization of Candela." In Handbook of Metrology and Applications, 1–30. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1550-5_15-2.

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Kuchen, Herbert, Holger Stoltze, and Friedrich Lücking. "Candela — A topology description language." In Parallel Processing: CONPAR 92—VAPP V, 777–78. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-55895-0_484.

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Pazdon, Jennifer Anna. "Thin Shell Structures of Felix Candela." In Sustainability Guidelines for the Structural Engineer, 258–62. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784411193.ch20.

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Edelmann, Doris. "Datenerhebungen im Rahmen des Forschungsprojekts CANDELA." In Chancengerechtigkeit und Integration durch frühe (Sprach-)Förderung?, 203–35. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-17966-3_8.

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Kuchen, Herbert, Holger Stoltze, and Fritz Lücking. "CANDELA — Eine Sprache zur Beschreibung von Topologien." In Informatik aktuell, 41–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78123-0_5.

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Gupta, S. V. "Radiometry, Photometry and Realization of Candela and Mole." In Units of Measurement, 213–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43969-9_9.

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del Blanco García, Federico Luis, and Ismael García Ríos. "Algorithm Design for Ruled Surfaces. Case Study of Felix Candela." In Graphic Imprints, 1577–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93749-6_131.

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Conference papers on the topic "Candela"

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Kupko, Alexander D., and Leonid A. Nazarenko. "Ukrainian radiometric realization of the candela." In Optoelectronic Metrology, edited by Jan Owsik and Tomasz Wiecek. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.373743.

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Yao, Wei, Corneliu Octavian Dumitru, Jose Lorenzo, and Mihai Datcu. "Data Mining on the Candela Cloud Platform." In IGARSS 2020 - 2020 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss39084.2020.9323245.

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Garlock, Maria E. Moreyra, and David P. Billington. "Félix Candela and the Origins of Inspiration." In Structures Congress 2011. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41171(401)200.

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Jediny, V., Jozef K. Krempasky, and Juraj Zatkovic. "New standard for the candela at the CSMU." In Photometry: Selected Papers from the 8th and 9th CIS Conferences, edited by Leonid S. Ushakov. SPIE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.166369.

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Xue, Xiaobo, Zhongjie Chen, Xiang Peng, Jingbiao Chen, and Hong Guo. "A possible redefinition of candela using light shift." In 2014 XXXIth URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium (URSI GASS). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ursigass.2014.6929467.

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Rolland, Jean-Franc ois, Fabien Castel, Anne Haugommard, Michelle Aubrun, Wei Yao, Corneliu, Octavian Dumitru, et al. "Candela: A Cloud Platform for Copernicus Earth Observation Data Analytics." In IGARSS 2020 - 2020 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss39084.2020.9323966.

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Chen, Jin-Jia, Ze-Yu Huang, Te-Shu Liu, and Kuang-Lung Huang. "Freeform LED Lens Design for Uniform Illumination with Prescribed Candela Distribution." In Computational Optical Sensing and Imaging. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cosi.2014.jtu5a.28.

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Eppeldauer, G. P., S. W. Brown, K. R. Lykke, C. C. Miller, Y. Ohno, and H. W. Yoon. "NIST reference spectral responsivity scales for improving the SI candela and kelvin." In 2008 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2008). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cpem.2008.4574770.

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Desurmont, Xavier, Rob Wijnhoven, Egbert Jaspers, Olivier Caignart, Mike Barais, Wouter Favoreel, and Jean-Francois Delaigle. "Performance evaluation of real-time video content analysis systems in the CANDELA project." In Electronic Imaging 2005, edited by Nasser Kehtarnavaz and Phillip A. Laplante. SPIE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.598837.

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Luo, Tao, and Gang Wang. "Slope error tolerance analysis for candela distribution of total-internal-reflection collimating lens." In SPIE/COS Photonics Asia, edited by Yongtian Wang, Tina E. Kidger, and Kimio Tatsuno. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2246056.

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Reports on the topic "Candela"

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Luc, Brunet. Systematic Equations Handbook : Book 1-Energy. R&D Médiation, May 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.17601/rd_mediation2015:1.

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The energy equation handbook is the complete collection of physically coherent expression of energy computed using from 2 to 7 physical units among: density(ML-3) energy (ML2T-2) time (T) force (MLT-2) power (ML2T-3) current (I) temperature (Th) quantity (N) mass (M) length (L) candela (J) surface (L2) volume (L3) concentration (ML-3) frequency (T-1) acceleration (LT- 2) speed (LT-1) pressure (ML-1T-2) viscosity (ML-1T-1) luminance (L- 2J) MolarMass (MN-1) MassicEnergy (L2T-2) resistance (ML2T-3I-2) voltage (ML2T-3I-1) Farad (M-1L-2T4I2) Thermal- Conductivity (MLT-3Th-1) SpecificHeat (L2T-2Th-1) MassFlux (MT-1) SurfaceTension (MT-2) Charge (TI) Resistivity (ML3T-3I-2) The complete list of 4196 equations is sorted by number of variable required to obtain an energy in Joules. All the units are in MKSA.
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Zilberman, Mark. An Adjustment of the Apparent Luminosity of Standard Candles for the 'De-boosting' Effect. Intellectual Archive, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32370/iaj.2639.

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“De-boosting” is a well-known relativistic effect that alters the apparent luminosity of radiation sources with the non-zero redshift parameter z. It exists in both Special Relativity and General Relativity frameworks and is proportional to (z+1)^(-2). While the “boosting” (for blueshift) and “de-boosting” (for redshift) of light sources has been successfully accounted for and observed in research of various astronomical objects, it was ignored in the establishment of Standard candles for cosmological distances. A Standard candle adjustment appears necessary for “de-boosting” for high z, otherwise we would incorrectly assume that Standard candles appear dimmer, not because of “de-boosting” but because of the excessive distance, which would affect the entire Standard candles ladder at cosmological distances. The “de-boosting” correction of the apparent luminosities of SNIa places the effective rest-frame magnitudes below the curve corresponding to the cosmological model with the parameters Λ=0 and (ΩM, ΩΛ) = (2, 0) on the Hubble diagram. This way, the “de-boosting” correction of the apparent luminosities of SNIa may further adjust and clarify cosmological models.
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Zilberman, Mark. Shouldn’t Doppler 'De-boosting' be accounted for in calculations of intrinsic luminosity of Standard Candles? Intellectual Archive, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32370/iaj.2569.

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"Doppler boosting / de-boosting" is a well-known relativistic effect that alters the apparent luminosity of approaching/receding radiation sources. "Doppler boosting" alters the apparent luminosity of approaching light sources to appear brighter, while "Doppler de-boosting" alters the apparent luminosity of receding light sources to appear fainter. While "Doppler boosting / de-boosting" has been successfully accounted for and observed in relativistic jets of AGN, double white dwarfs, in search of exoplanets and stars in binary systems it was ignored in the establishment of Standard Candles for cosmological distances. A Standard Candle adjustment appears necessary for "Doppler de-boosting" for high Z, otherwise we would incorrectly assume that Standard Candles appear dimmer, not because of "Doppler de-boosting" but because of the excessive distance, which would affect the entire Standard Candles ladder at cosmological distances. The ratio between apparent (L) and intrinsic (Lo) luminosities as a function of redshift Z and spectral index α is given by the formula ℳ(Z) = L/Lo=(Z+1)^(α-3) and for Type Ia supernova as ℳ(Z) = L/Lo=(Z+1)^(-2). These formulas are obtained within the framework of Special Relativity and may require adjustments within the General Relativity framework.
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Zilberman, Mark. “Doppler de-boosting” and the observation of “Standard candles” in cosmology. Intellectual Archive, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32370/iaj.2549.

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“Doppler boosting” is a well-known relativistic effect that alters the apparent luminosity of approaching radiation sources. “Doppler de-boosting” is the name of relativistic effect observed for receding light sources (e.g. relativistic jets of active galactic nuclei and gamma-ray bursts). “Doppler boosting” changes the apparent luminosity of approaching light sources to appear brighter, while “Doppler de-boosting” causes the apparent luminosity of receding light sources to appear fainter. While “Doppler de-boosting” has been successfully accounted for and observed in relativistic jets of AGN, it was ignored in the establishment of Standard candles for cosmological distances. A Standard candle adjustment of an Z>0.1 is necessary for “Doppler de-boosting”, otherwise we would incorrectly assume that Standard Candles appear dimmer not because of “Doppler de-boosting” but because of the excessive distance, which would affect the entire Standard Candles ladder at cosmological distances. The ratio between apparent (L) and intrinsic (Lo) luminosities as a function of the redshift Z and spectral index α is given by the formula ℳ(Z) = L/Lo=(Z+1)α -3 and for Type Ia supernova appears as ℳ(Z) = L/Lo=(Z+1)-2. “Doppler de-boosting” may also explain the anomalously low luminosity of objects with a high Z without the introduction of an accelerated expansion of the Universe and Dark Energy.
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Zilberman, Mark. PREPRINT. “Doppler de-boosting” and the observation of “Standard candles” in cosmology. Intellectual Archive, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32370/ia_2021_06_23.

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PREPRINT. “Doppler boosting” is a well-known relativistic effect that alters the apparent luminosity of approaching radiation sources. “Doppler de-boosting” is the term of the same relativistic effect observed for receding light sources (e.g.relativistic jets of active galactic nuclei and gamma-ray bursts). “Doppler boosting” alters the apparent luminosity of approaching light sources to appear brighter, while “Doppler de-boosting” alters the apparent luminosity of receding light sources to appear fainter. While “Doppler de-boosting” has been successfully accounted for and observed in relativistic jets of AGN, it was ignored in the establishment of Standard candles for cosmological distances. A Standard candle adjustment of Z>0.1 is necessary for “Doppler de-boosting”, otherwise we would incorrectly assume that Standard Candles appear dimmer, not because of “Doppler de-boosting” but because of the excessive distance, which would affect the entire Standard Candles ladder at cosmological distances. The ratio between apparent (L) and intrinsic (Lo) luminosities as a function of the redshift Z and spectral index α is given by the formula ℳ(Z) =L/Lo=(Z+1)^(α-3) and for Type Ia supernova appears as ℳ(Z)=L/Lo=(Z+1)^(-2). “Doppler de-boosting” may also explain the anomalously low luminosity of objects with a high Z without the introduction of an accelerated expansion of the Universe and Dark Energy.
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Zilberman, Mark. "Doppler De-boosting" and the Observation of "Standard Candles" in Cosmology. Intellectual Archive, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32370/iaj.2552.

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“Doppler boosting” is a well-known relativistic effect that alters the apparent luminosity of approaching radiation sources. “Doppler de-boosting” is the same relativistic effect observed but for receding light sources (e.g. relativistic jets of AGN and GRB). “Doppler boosting” alters the apparent luminosity of approaching light sources to appear brighter, while “Doppler de-boosting” alters the apparent luminosity of receding light sources to appear fainter. While “Doppler de-boosting” has been successfully accounted for and observed in relativistic jets of AGN, it was ignored in the establishment of Standard candles for cosmological distances. A Standard Candle adjustment of Z>0.1 is necessary for “Doppler de-boosting”, otherwise we would incorrectly assume that Standard Candles appear dimmer, not because of “Doppler de-boosting” but because of the excessive distance, which would affect the entire Standard Candles ladder at cosmological distances. The ratio between apparent (L) and intrinsic (Lo) luminosities as a function of the redshift Z and spectral index α is given by the formula ℳ(Z) = L/Lo=(Z+1)α -3 and for Type Ia supernova appears as ℳ(Z) = L/Lo=(Z+1)-2. “Doppler de-boosting” may also explain the anomalously low luminosity of objects with a high Z without the introduction of an accelerated expansion of the Universe and Dark Energy.
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M.A. Alvin. FILTER COMPONENT ASSESSMENT--CERAMIC CANDLES--. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/828279.

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Maheshwari, E. Uma, and G. Jyothilakshmi. A STUDY OF ANTIFUNGAL SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTING AMONG NON ALBICANS CANDIDA IN PATIENTS OF VULVO VAGINAL CANDIDIASIS AT TERTIARY CARE CENTER. World Wide Journals, February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36106/ijar/9605846.

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Background &objectives: Candida species are emerging as a signicant pathogen certain species of Candida like Candida krusei are inherently resistant to azoles. In vitro susceptibility testing is essential for guiding therapy. The present study aims todetermine the antifungal susceptibility pattern ofNon albicansCandida isolates by disc diffusion and micro broth dilution method. Methods:This was a prospective study, conducted among 200 patients complaining of Vulvovaginal dischargeSpeciation was done as per standard microbiological methods. Non albicans Candida species were identied. Antifungal resistance was determined by disc diffusion method for uconazole, Voriconazole and by microbrothdilution for uconazole. Results: A total of 200 samples were collected from patients complaining of vaginal discharge . Out of them 69 were identied as Candida species , 31[44%] were C.albicans and 38 [56%] were non albicans Candida among them C.glabrata 22 (57%) , C.tropicalis 12 (31%), and 4 (10%) C.krusei. In the Interpretation and conclusion: present study, all the isolates of C. krusei 4 [10% ] tested showed resistance to uconazole by both disc diffusion and microbroth dilution methods . All isolates of C.glabrata 22 [ 57%] and C. tropicalis 12[31%] , tested were sensitive to uconazole by both disc diffusion and microbroth dilution . For voriconazole there was no resistance among all isolates tested by disc diffusion method. It is essential to perform susceptibility testing for all the Candida isolates for providing crucial information about the resistance pattern and help in choosing the appropriate antifungal drug for therapy. Disc diffusion method which is easy to perform can be utilized for day to day practice
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M.A. Alvin. ADVANCED SECOND GENERATION CERAMIC CANDLE FILTERS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/829652.

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Roger H.L. Chen, Ph D., and Alejandro Kiriakidis. NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION OF CERAMIC CANDLE FILTERS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/780456.

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