Journal articles: 'Candide'

1

Morrison, Ian R. "Leonardo Sciascia's "Candido" and Voltaire's "Candide"." Modern Language Review 97, no. 1 (January 2002): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3735619.

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Mazzi, Maria Gloria Cusumano. "Candido: Uma Leitura Paródica de Candide." Revista de Italianística, no. 19-20 (December 30, 2010): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2238-8281.v0i19-20p42-78.

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O presente artigo estuda a leitura paródica que Leonardo Sciascia (1921-1989) faz de Voltaire (1694-1778) mediante o cotejo das obras: o hipertexto Candido ovvero Un sogno fatto in Sicilia (1977) e o hipotexto Candide ou l’optimisme (1759). Apresenta ainda outra possibilidade de leitura, ou seja, Candido como metáfora da própria intertextualidade.

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3

Cronk, Nicholas, and Alexandre Chautemps. "Candide." Revue de la BNF 42, no. 3 (2012): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rbnf.042.0029.

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4

Siebert, Lynn Laitman, and Leonard Bernstein. "Candide." American Music 5, no. 3 (1987): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3051756.

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5

Donnelly, Craig L. "Candide." Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 61, no. 1 (January 2022): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2021.11.014.

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6

Dieguez, Sebastian. "Candide." Cerveau & Psycho N° 93, no. 10 (January 10, 2017): 94–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/cerpsy.093.0094.

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7

Todd, Christopher, and David Williams. "Voltaire: 'Candide'." Modern Language Review 94, no. 2 (April 1999): 543. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3737174.

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8

Todd, Christopher, and Haydn Mason. "Voltaire: 'Candide'." Modern Language Review 92, no. 1 (January 1997): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3734733.

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9

Scherr, Arthur. "Voltaire's Candide." Explicator 59, no. 2 (January 2001): 74–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00144940109597087.

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10

Marsh, Leonard. "Voltaire's Candide." Explicator 62, no. 3 (January 2004): 144–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00144940409597202.

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11

Beck, Ervin. "Voltaire's Candide." Explicator 57, no. 4 (January 1999): 203–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00144949909596872.

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12

Laird, Paul R., and Leonard Bernstein. "Candide Suite, etc." American Music 20, no. 3 (2002): 356. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1350133.

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13

Lançon, Philippe, and Benedetta Craveri. "Candide à l’hôpital." Commentaire Numéro162, no. 2 (2018): 491. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/comm.162.0491.

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14

Thomas, Christopher J. "Candide. Leonard Bernstein." Opera Quarterly 4, no. 4 (1986): 94–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oq/4.4.94.

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15

Waslander, H. E. L. "CANDIDE, un modèle économétrique." L'Actualité économique 51, no. 4 (July 20, 2009): 512–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/800643ar.

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Abstract This introductory text deals in very general terms with CANDIDE and development and application of large models. A brief sketch of the history of CANDIDE precedes a discussion of the extensive disaggregation and medium-term nature of CANDIDE; the two characteristics that set it apart from more traditional models. From his experience with CANDIDE the author then comments on model design and model use. Development of multi-purpose models, in his view, consists of many difficult and often arbitrary choices. He warns against excessive disaggregation, and use of models as black boxes. Finally, he calls for co-ordination of impact studies.

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16

Piva, Franco. "Voltaire, Candide ou l’Optimisme." Studi Francesi, no. 144 (XLVIII | III) (December 15, 2004): 615. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/studifrancesi.37768.

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17

Mylne, Vivienne, Voltaire, and Roger Pearson. "Candide and Other Stories." Modern Language Review 88, no. 1 (January 1993): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3730846.

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18

Aubry, Jean-Pierre, and Pierre Duguay. "CANDIDE et la monnaie." L'Actualité économique 52, no. 1 (June 25, 2009): 75–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/800659ar.

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Abstract In this paper we deal with the financial sector of CANDIDE 1.1. We are concerned with the determination of the short-term interest rate, the term structure equations, and the channels through which monetary policy influences the real sector. The short-term rate is determined by a straightforward application of Keynesian liquidity preference theory. A serious problem arises from the directly estimated reduced form equation, which implies that the demand for high powered money, but not the demand for actual deposits, is a stable function of income and interest rates. The structural equations imply the opposite. In the term structure equations, allowance is made for the smaller variance of the long-term rates, but insufficient explanation is given for their sharper upward trend. This leads to an overstatement of the significance of the U.S. long-term rate that must perform the explanatory role. Moreover a strong structural hierarchy, by which the long Canada rate wags the industrial rate, is imposed without prior testing. In CANDIDE two channels of monetary influence are recognized: the costs of capital and the availability of credit. They affect the business fixed investment and housing sectors. The potential of the personal consumption sector is not recognized, the wealth and real balance effects are bypassed, the credit availability proxy is incorrect, the interest rate used in the real sector is nominal rather than real, and the specification of the housing sector is dubious.

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19

Cossic, Vincent. "Candide et la gouvernance." Revue juridique de l'Ouest 22, no. 1 (2009): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/juro.2009.4102.

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20

De Nola, Jean-Paul. "Voltaire, Candide ou l’Optimisme." Studi Francesi, no. 155 (LII | II) (October 1, 2008): 457–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/studifrancesi.8920.

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21

Wilson, Robert A. "Richard Wilbur and "Candide"." Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America 89, no. 1 (March 1995): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/pbsa.89.1.24304636.

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22

Ballaster, Ros. "The Eastern Tale and the Candid Reader: Tristram Shandy, Candide, Rasselas." XVII-XVIII. Revue de la société d'études anglo-américaines des XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles 67, no. 1 (2010): 109–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/xvii.2010.2506.

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23

Lynch, James J. "Romance Conventions in Voltaire's Candide." South Atlantic Review 50, no. 1 (January 1985): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3199529.

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24

Mason, Adrienne, and R. Waldinger. "Approaches to Teaching Voltaire's 'Candide'." Modern Language Review 84, no. 1 (January 1989): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3731999.

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25

Penrod, Lynn Kettler, and Renee Waldinger. "Approaches to Teaching Voltaire's 'Candide'." Modern Language Journal 72, no. 3 (1988): 358. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/327539.

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26

Chassay, Jean-François. "Candide au pays des mutants." Revue Française d Etudes Américaines 94, no. 4 (2002): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rfea.094.0078.

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27

Laufer, Roger. "Candide: joyau du style rococo." Australian Journal of French Studies 51, no. 2-3 (May 2014): 106–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/ajfs.2014.10.

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28

Panyuta, Svetlana. "Voltaire’s Candide: A Fairy Tale?" Stephanos. Peer reviewed multilanguage scientific journal 29, no. 3 (May 30, 2018): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.24249/2309-9917-2018-29-3-107-113.

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29

Bellhouse, Mary L. "Candide Shoots the Monkey Lovers." Political Theory 34, no. 6 (December 2006): 741–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0090591706293020.

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This essay analyzes a shift in racialized regimes of visual signification in French metropolitan culture during the long eighteenth century. The author explores two symbolically central figures—the dismembered black slave and the black rapist/lover who is “duly punished”—by undertaking an intertextual reading of two sets of illustrations of Voltaire's Candide (1759) designed by Moreau le Jeune. Separated by the French and Haitian Revolutions, Moreau's two sets of Candide illustrations (1787 and 1803) register an important shift in the French cultural imaginary. The figure of the maimed black male slave was put directly in circulation in French visual culture during the eighteenth century. In contrast, interracial sexuality remained “unrepresentable” in French visual culture throughout the century. By the time Haiti declared its independence (1804), this taboo was contravened by Moreau's metaphorical substitution of the figure of the monkey in 1803 to picture the black male as a bestial rapist.

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30

Alwan, Zainab Hussein. "Optimism and Pessimism in Voltaire's Novel "Candide": A Linguistic Analysis." Manar Elsharq Journal for Literature and Language Studies 2, no. 1 (May 7, 2024): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.56961/mejlls.v2i1.613.

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Shining light where it is dark, optimism is a matter of choice. It spreads its shadows from one time to another. This paper deals with Voltaire's depiction of optimism and pessimism linguistically. It attempts to answer the following questions: 1) what are the linguistic devices used to express optimism and pessimism in the world of "Candide". 2) Do characters of "Candide" have optimistic or pessimistic orientations 3) Is there a contact between these two concepts? It is hypothesized that there are certain linguistic devices used to denote optimism and pessimism in the data under investigation. It is expected that most characters of "Candide" have optimistic orientations. It is also anticipated that there is a positive correlation between optimism and pessimism in Voltaire's Novel "Candide".

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31

CRIST, ELIZABETH B. "The best of all possible worlds: The Eldorado episode in Leonard Bernstein’s Candide." Cambridge Opera Journal 19, no. 3 (October 17, 2007): 223–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954586707002352.

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ABSTRACTIn January 1954 Leonard Bernstein began work with Lillian Hellman on a musical version of Voltaire’s Candide. A first draft of the show was complete by the end of the year but was subsequently revised with new lyricist Richard Wilbur, eventually opening for previews in October 1956 and on Broadway that December. From the beginning, Candide was intended as political satire. Both Bernstein and Hellman leaned to the left politically and were embroiled in McCarthyism during the early years of the Cold War; Candide was their indictment of ‘puritanical snobbery, phony moralism, inquisitorial attacks on the individual, brave-new-world optimism, [and] essential superiority’, as Bernstein himself explained. Voltaire’s critique of Enlightenment optimism is here deployed against the ideological certainties of Eisenhower’s America. Yet the letters, scripts and scores that document the genesis of Candide indicate that playwright and composer struggled with its meanings and, even more, with their own intent. Of particular interest as a site of that struggle is the Eldorado episode, a passage of central yet ambiguous significance in Voltaire’s conte. Although Hellman and Bernstein may have first been attracted to Candide for its political potential, changes to the Eldorado episode, involving a complete reworking of the second act, shifted the focus of Candide away from satirical critique and towards a romantic plot more typical of the Broadway musical.

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32

Howells, R. J. ""Cette Boucherie Heroique": "Candide" as Carnival." Modern Language Review 80, no. 2 (April 1985): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3728662.

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33

Langille, Édouard. "Candide et la « conspiration de Portugal »." Lumen: Selected Proceedings from the Canadian Society for Eighteenth-Century Studies 29 (2010): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1012026ar.

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34

Droixhe, Daniel. "A la recherche du Candide liégeois." Australian Journal of French Studies 37, no. 2 (May 2000): 127–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/ajfs.37.2.127.

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35

Ferreira Lima, Andrei Fernando. ""CANDIDE" OU LA QUÊTE DU BONHEUR." Non Plus, no. 6 (September 23, 2015): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-3976.v3i6p14-23.

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Organisé autour d’un problème philosophique et littéraire bien déterminé, cet article vise à réévaluer la question du bonheur dans le récit Candide ou l’Optimisme (1759), de Voltaire. À partir de cette proposition, la présente analyse a pour objet la coordination de ce texte de Voltaire avec l’histoire des idées au siècle des Lumières, donc à renforcer les rapports entre l’oeuvre indiquée et d’autres textes – littéraires ou non – qui portent sur le thème du bonheur. La recherche récente en histoire intellectuelle, surtout les discussions autour de ce concept, montre l’importance de la pensée des Lumières dans la construction de grands idéaux modernes tels que la valeur de l’individu et les droits de l’homme, ce qui met en évidence un enjeu plus profond et plus vaste de la production voltairienne, notamment dans son conte Candide.

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36

Hitchins, Keith, and Nedim Gürsel. "Le voyage de Candide à Istanbul." World Literature Today 76, no. 3/4 (2002): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40157767.

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37

Papadimos, Thomas J. "Voltaire's Candide, medical students, and mentoring." Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine 2, no. 1 (2007): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1747-5341-2-13.

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38

PEARSON, R. "Review. 'Candide': Optimism Demolished. Mason, Haydn." French Studies 48, no. 2 (April 1, 1994): 206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fs/48.2.206.

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39

Weber, Michael. ""Candide": Optimism Demolished (review)." Philosophy and Literature 17, no. 2 (1993): 362–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/phl.1993.0031.

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40

BETTS, C. J. "ECHOES OF MANON LESCAUT IN CANDIDE." French Studies Bulletin 8, no. 28 (January 1, 1988): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/frebul/8.28.14.

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41

Cave, Christophe. "Candide; ou, l'optimisme: seconde partie (1760)." French Studies 59, no. 3 (July 1, 2005): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fs/kni170.

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42

Montmarquette, Claude. "Commentaires sur le traitement des inventaires dans le modèle CANDIDE." L'Actualité économique 52, no. 1 (June 25, 2009): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/800657ar.

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Abstract The CANDIDE model referring to the traditional stock adjustment model to specify its inventory investment equations, the comment stresses the difficulty of that kind of model to explain and predict correctly the behaviour of inventory holdings. After pointing out the incredible loan adjustment lags usually associated with the stock adjustment model, and also obtained with CANDIDE, the comment draws the attention on the annual data basis of CANDIDE and the fact that the behaviour of inventory holdings is most likely to be better observed with monthly data. Some references to alternative models of inventory holdings and to the temporal decision problem are also given.

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43

Fortin, Bernard, and Jean-François Gautrin. "L’offre de travail dans le modèle CANDIDE : un commentaire." L'Actualité économique 52, no. 1 (June 25, 2009): 104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/800660ar.

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Abstract The paper is a brief critical evaluation of the treatment of the "supply of labour" in the CANDIDE model. The authors note that the "supply of labour block" does not occur to have retained much of the effort of the CANDIDE developing team. With regards to the specification of the equation of supply of labour, no attempts have been made to integrate new developments in labour economics (a better treatment of the secondary workers supply of labour, a Fisherian utility maximising approach). We note certain econometric difficulties which have not been overcome: The limited dependant variable problem, the lag structure problem… Finally, though it is encouraging to see attempts in macro-economic models to integrate explicitly a labour demand and supply block with a certain disagregation, important economic problems in the labour market can be dealt only with much more flexible and disagregated models than CANDIDE.

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44

Deloffre, Frédéric. "Aux origines de Candide: une “économie du roman”." Revue d'histoire littéraire de la France o 98, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 63–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rhlf.g1998.98n1.0063.

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Résumé Sans remettre en question le substrat idéologique de Candide, F. Deloffre propose l'hypothèse selon laquelle l'ensemble des relations de Voltaire avec Mme de Bentinck lui aurait suggéré une « économie de roman » : lieux (château westphalien, Venise, Constantinople), personnages (Cunégonde, le roi des Bulgares...), schéma des aventures (séparation, rencontre providentielle, rôle secourable de Cunégonde, rendez-vous manqué, retrouvailles avortées). Cette hypothèse s'appuie sur la correspondance des années 1756-1758, sur la nature des sentiments de Voltaire pour la comtesse, sur les parallèles entre l'intrigue du roman et leur « destinée » commune. Cette perspective conférerait un sens métaphorique à certains détails (passage de Candide par les baguettes), allusif à d'autres (aventures galantes de Cunégonde, secours apportés par elle à Candide fessé, etc.).

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45

Pot, Olivier. "La figuration de la totalité dans Candide." Littératures 23, no. 1 (1990): 69–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/litts.1990.1523.

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46

Betts, C. J. "On the Beginning and Ending of "Candide"." Modern Language Review 80, no. 2 (April 1985): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3728661.

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47

Rousso, Henry, and Pierre Masse. "Aleas et progres. Entre Candide et Cassandre." Vingtième Siècle. Revue d'histoire, no. 7 (July 1985): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3769956.

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48

Chabot-Plante, Francine, Maurice Hébert, and H. E. L. Waslander. "Prolégomènes à toute appréciation critique de CANDIDE." L'Actualité économique 51, no. 4 (July 20, 2009): 521–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/800644ar.

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Abstract This text describes the CANDIDE model from three critical points of view. First, it presents the structure of the model with the aid of a table of "supersectors" and a flow chart. The discussion of the linkages between these supersectors brings out the general equilibrium character of the model. The center section of the paper deals with the theoretical foundations of the behavioural equations. A statement of the equation specification in each sector of the model is followed by a brief evaluation. The authors confess to an eclectic attitude and stress the practical difficulties of making stylized theories bring order in variegated facts. Exogenous influences on the model are discussed as well. The same eclectic approach is evident in the third part of the text which treats of estimation and validation. A variety of tests and checks—some novel ones included—are applied in the process of developing the model. The authors conclude with the observation that recent tumultuous developments in the economy raise fundamental questions about the validity and usefulness of models like CANDIDE.

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49

D’Amours, Alban. "Sur l’estimation des équations de CANDIDE-R." L'Actualité économique 51, no. 4 (July 20, 2009): 626–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/800650ar.

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Abstract CANDIDE-R is a huge simultaneous macro-economic model which raises estimations difficulties. We avoid the problem of identification assuming that the great number of variables in our model makes it impossible that the necessary condition be not satisfied. We assume that our system converges to a solution solving this way the problem of identification. The core of the paper gives justifications of the procedure we adopted to estimate CANDIDE-R. Because of the presence of regional equations and the limited amount of regional data, we are bound to pool cross sections and time series data. We then justified the use of Zellner's approach instead of the error components models within the class of regional models built on national premises.

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50

Achour, Dominique. "Le secteur résidentiel (bloc 3) de CANDIDE." L'Actualité économique 52, no. 1 (June 25, 2009): 20–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/800655ar.

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AbstractIn the first part, a synoptic review of the residential sectors in the balkanizing field of macro-econometric models is made à la M. Nerlove. The structural characteristics of most canadian and some american models are compared.Then, a detailed description of two versions (1.0 and 1.1) of the residential sector of CANDIDE is given and a non parametric evaluation presented. Some comparative parametric discussions are also introduced.The main weakness are stressed and some improvements are suggested.The residential sector of CANDIDE is generally adequately specified generating appropriate parameters and is relatively accurate in its medium term projections. Nevertheless, the model can be of little value as a policy instrument since it is not regionalized (provincialized) and does not include policy variables in a sufficiently explicit manner.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Candide'

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