Academic literature on the topic 'Cane-sugar Molasses'
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Journal articles on the topic "Cane-sugar Molasses"
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Zhu, Hong Xiang, Rui Feng Mao, Shuang Fei Wang, Yan Yan Qin, and Ying Hui Wang. "Component Analysis of the Sugar Cane Molasses Stillage Sediment." Advanced Materials Research 455-456 (January 2012): 1267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.455-456.1267.
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With the development of the sugar industry, the molasses composition of sugar cane has changed greatly. Sugar cane molasses purity decreased, while the colloid and ash increased. In recent years, the deposits from the sugar cane molassesas hindered the operation in the alcohol distillation tower, and sometimes even blocked the whole process, leading to stop the distillation flow. This paper researched the components analysis of the sugar cane molasses stillage sediment in the alcohol production scale factors. It is helpful to illustrate the formation mechanism of the deposits from the sugar molassesas stillage. By the test of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy with EDX and chemical analysis，we conclude that the main components of the deposits of molassesas is calcium sulfate, it also contains a small amount of magnesium sulfate, potassium sulfate, silica and calcium carbonate et cetera.
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Odal, Algerico Jr S. "Impact of Sugar Cane Molasses to Concrete Strength and Concrete Retardation." International Journal of Membrane Science and Technology 10, no. 2 (2023): 2815–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15379/ijmst.v10i2.2974.
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The impacts of sugar cane molasses to the strength and retardation of concrete was investigated in this study. A total of 15 concrete cylinder of size 150mm diameter x 300mm Height with a mix ratio of 1:2:4 were cast with different percentages of sugar cane molasses replacing some proportion of water in the concrete mix. The concrete cylinder was prepared by reducing water by 10-20% with sugar cane molasses in the following percentage, 0.3% by weight of cement of molasses, 0.6% of molasses, 1.2% of molasses and 1.5% of Molasses. The concrete cylinder was cured, tested and the physical properties of concrete were determined. The slump values of the concrete increased by 10mm when the percentage of molasses increases. A decrease in compressive strength was noticed when the percentage of molasses increases. The highest final setting time of 240 minutes occurred at 1.50% of molasses. The increased in retardation of concrete was noticed when the percentages of molasses increases.
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Lovisia, Endang, and Yaspin Yolanda. "SOCIALIZATION AND TRAINING IN THE PRODUCTION OF BIOETANOL FROM SUGAR CANE IN LUBUK RUMBAI VILLAGE, RUPIT DISTRICT, MUSI RAWAS UTARA DISTRICT." JURNAL CEMERLANG : Pengabdian pada Masyarakat 6, no. 1 (2023): 116–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31540/jpm.v6i1.2590.
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This community service activity was carried out in Lubuk Rumbai Village, Rupit District, Musi Rawas Regency, targeting the people of Lubuk Rumbai Village. Most of the people of Lubuk Rumbai Village earn their living as farmers or planters, therefore it is considered very appropriate for lecturers to provide community service in Lubuk Rumbai Village. Considering the large number of sugar cane plants in the area. TIM invites local communities to process sugar cane plants in the form of molasses into bioethanol fuel. The local community's lack of knowledge and skills regarding the use of sugar cane molasses has made TIM interested in applying appropriate technology to utilize sugar cane molasses as an alternative energy source, namely bioethanol. With the presence of bioethanol, it is hoped that people will no longer depend on fossil energy considering that energy supplies are currently decreasing. Apart from that, when compared to energy from fossils, the use of bioethanol is more environmentally friendly because it comes from biological material. The method that TIM uses is the method of socialization and training on how to make bioethanol from sugar cane molasses. Based on the results of the skills questionnaire given by TIM to 15 respondents, it was found that 80% of the community were satisfied with this training activity.
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Saavedra, Stephy, Luis Alejandro-Paredes, Juan Carlos Flores-Santos, Carol Nathali Flores-Fernández, Harvey Arellano-García, and Amparo Iris Zavaleta. "Optimization of lactic acid production by Lactobacillus plantarum strain Hui1 in a medium containing sugar cane molasses." Agronomía Colombiana 39, no. 1 (2021): 98–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v39n1.89674.
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The aim of this study was to optimize lactic acid production by a native strain (Hui1) of Lactobacillus plantarum isolated from a Peruvian Amazon fruit (Genipa americana) in a medium supplemented with an agroindustrial by-product such as sugar cane molasses. Optimization was performed though one-factor-at-a-time studies followed by the Placket-Burman and central composite designs. The data were analyzed by using the Statistica® 10 software. Several carbon, nitrogen and ion sources were tested, and the optimum concentration of lactic acid achieved was 84.2 g L-1 in a medium containing as follows (in g L-1): meat extract, 18.69; tryptone, 7.88; sugar cane molasses, 140; calcium carbonate, 15; dipotassium phosphate, 1; manganese phosphate, 0.03; sodium acetate, 5, and magnesium sulphate, 0.2. In addition, a high degree of conversion from sugar cane molasses to lactic acid was obtained (Yp/s 0.898 g g-1). These results indicate the potential of Lactobacillus plantarum strain Hui1 to produce lactic acid in a medium supplemented with sugar cane molasses, an underutilized industrial by-product.
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Nice, Ngouallat Mfoutou, Malanda Narcisse, Eloge Nzaba Madila Erman, and Louzolo-Kimbembe Paul. "Chemical, thermal and mineralogical characteristics of concretes in stabilized soil with sugar cane molasses." Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research 10, no. 7 (2023): 74–91. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10463454.
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<strong>Abstract </strong>This paper scrutinizes MEDDRX, TGA, IR, DTA’s analyses performed on stabilized soil concrete with sugar cane molasses. It is important to underline that the soil remains the principal material in house construction in the Republic of the Congo. The use of sugar cane molasses as a stabilizing to bricks and soil roads appears as an alternative solution to valorise this agro-industrial by-product; moreover, sugar cane molasses has led to obtain soil-made materials with highly enhanced mechanical properties. Therefore, this study has enabled to determine the evolution of induced structure by the presence of molasses within the soil matrix. As a consequence, the final results clearly indicate that the molasses brings no alteration to kaolinite’s structure. However, molasses spreads on basal and lateral surface of clay, and sugar groupings establish physical interactions with silanol and aluminol groupings of clay’s external surface. Thereby, the interaction between molasses and clay of soil is essentially physical. Molasses’ presence within stabilized soil matrix is ascertained by the appearance of thermal peaks attributed to sucrose pyrolysis, whereas the appearance of absorption bands is attributed to aromatic compounds responsible of the colouring. The thermal decomposition of stabilized soil with molasses takes place following four thermal peaks: 150-200 °C, 300 °C, 480-500 °C, and 700 °C.
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Novianti, Relita, Yusman Syaukat, and Meti Ekayani. "Pengelolaan dan Analisis Nilai Tambah By-Products Industri Gula (Studi Kasus di Pabrik Gula Gempolkrep, Mojokerto, Jawa Timur)." Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 26, no. 3 (2021): 400–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.18343/jipi.26.3.400.
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 The sugar industry is one of the agriculture-based industries which use sugar cane as a raw material to produce sugar. The processing of sugar cane into sugar generates by-products such as bagasse, molasses, and filter cake which will cause environmental pollution if they are untreated. This research identified the utilization pattern of sugar industry by-products in Gempolkrep Sugar Factory and analyzed the added value from by-products utilization using Hayami Method. Based on the utilization pattern at Gempolkrep Sugar Factory, bagasse is used as an alternative raw material for electricity generation. Filter cake is used as raw material for compost fertilizer. Molasses is used as a raw material for bioethanol manufacture. The added value obtained from processing filter cake into compost is IDR141.335 per ton, while bioethanol products from molasses provide an added value of IDR752.645 per ton.
 
 Keywords: bagasse, bioethanol, filter cake, Hayami method, molasses, value added
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Makkulau, Makkulau, Susanti Linuwih, Purhadi Purhadi, and Muhammad Mashuri. "Pendeteksian Outlier dan Penentuan Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Produksi Gula dan Tetes Tebu dengan Metode Likelihood Displacement Statistic-Lagrange." Jurnal Teknik Industri 12, no. 2 (2010): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.9744/jti.12.2.95-100.
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There are several problems in industrial process for example problems associated with product quality. In statistics, observation which is significantly different to the average is called outlier. The outlier can give significant influence to the result of modeling, which can affect the decision making. This research develops the outlier detection method using the Likelihood Displacement Statistic method, called Likelihood Displacement Statistic-Lagrange (LDL) method. The LDL method is applied to sugar and molasses production data of Djombang Baru Sugar Factory, Jombang, East Java. The result of this research shows that factors influenced the sugar and molasses production are sugar cane with the dirt less than 5%, sugar cane with the dirt between 5% to 7%, sugar cane with the dirt higher than 7%, and imbibition water
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Chairunisa, Triyana, Komsanah Sukarti, Ismail Fahmy Almady, Henny Pagoray, Andi Nikhlani, and Fitriyana Fitriyana. "Efektivitas Penambahan Molase dan Sari Tebu Sebagai Sumber Karbohidrat Terhadap Kelimpahan Plankton dan Performa Ikan Nila (Oreochromis nIloticus) Dalam Sistem Bioflok." Jurnal Akuakultur Sungai dan Danau 9, no. 2 (2024): 122. https://doi.org/10.33087/akuakultur.v9i2.212.
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The current concept of aquaculture technology development prioritizes zero waste discharge fish/shrimp production systems through an in situ biofiltration process to maintain water quality and recycle aquaculture waste into a highly nutritious supplementary feed source. This study aims to 1) Analyze the abundance, diversity, and dominance of plakton in tilapia rearing tanks of biofloc system with the addition of molasses and sugarcane juice as carbohydrate sources, 2) Analyzing the growth rate of tilapia specifications, weight growth, and length of tilapia (O.niloticus) in biofloc systems treated with the addition of molasses and sugarcane juice as a carbohydrate source. This study used the t-student test with a confidence level of 95%, with 2 treatments namely; P1 giving molasses; P2 giving sugarcane juice. The results showed that the addition of different carbohydrate sources in tilapia enlargement resulted in the highest tilapia weight growth in the P1 treatment with the addition of molasses has an average value of 32.97 g. P2 treatment with the addition of sugar cane juice has an average value of 24.55 g. In length growth has the highest average value in the P1 treatment given the addition of molasses which is 2.37 cm while for P2 with sugar cane juice treatment has a value of 2.27cm. The specific growth rate of tilapia was highest in the P2 treatment with an average value of 1.79% / day, while the P1 treatment had an average value of 1.51% / day. From the results of statistical analysis on weight growth and specific growth of tilapia significantly different but not significantly different from the growth of tilapia length. Plankton abundance in this study showed differences in each treatment, the results of observations from research for 30 days found data that the treatment of molasses has a plankton abundance value of 3780 individual plankton / l while for the treatment of sugar cane juice has a value of 2772 individual plankton / l. The conclusion of this study is the abundance of plankton in the fish tank. The conclusion of this study is that the abundance of plankton in the molasses pond treatment shows more diverse results and a higher abundance index compared to the sugar cane juice treatment, so the molasses-treated pond shows more fertile waters than the sugar cane juice treatment. Then for the growth of length and weight of tilapia given additional molasses showed better results than sugar cane juice, due to the addition of molasses can accelerate the growth of tilapia
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Dumbrepatil, Arti, Mukund Adsul, Shivani Chaudhari, Jayant Khire, and Digambar Gokhale. "Utilization of Molasses Sugar for Lactic Acid Production by Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii Mutant Uc-3 in Batch Fermentation." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 74, no. 1 (2007): 333–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01595-07.
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ABSTRACT Efficient lactic acid production from cane sugar molasses by Lactobacillus delbrueckii mutant Uc-3 in batch fermentation process is demonstrated. Lactic acid fermentation using molasses was not significantly affected by yeast extract concentrations. The final lactic acid concentration increased with increases of molasses sugar concentrations up to 190 g/liter. The maximum lactic acid concentration of 166 g/liter was obtained at a molasses sugar concentration of 190 g/liter with a productivity of 4.15 g/liter/h. Such a high concentration of lactic acid with high productivity from molasses has not been reported previously, and hence mutant Uc-3 could be a potential candidate for economical production of lactic acid from molasses at a commercial scale.
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Maya Maharani, Dewi, Rini Yulianingsih, Shinta Rosalia Dewi, Yusron Sugiarto, and Dina Wahyu Indriani. "PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN NATRIUM METABISULFIT DAN SUHU PEMASAKAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN TEKNOLOGI VAKUM TERHADAP KUALITAS GULA MERAH TEBU." Jurnal Agritech 34, no. 04 (2015): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/agritech.9430.
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Brown sugar as sucrose is derived from evaporated sugar cane molasses. Evaporation is the foodstuffs’ process which is commonly used during the manufacture of sugar cane. This process evaporates the sugar cane molasses to produce concentrate. This research was aimed to assess the influence of sodium metabisulphite against physical and chemical properties of sugar cane using vacuum evaporator. In other hand, this reserach examined the influence of temperature on vacuum evaporator for chemical and physical properties of sugar cane. Sugar cooking was done at -700 mmHg below atmospheric pressure, with variations in heating temperature of 60, 70 and 80 C, and with the addition of sodiummetabisulphite 0.1; 0.3 and 0.5 g/l sugar cane molasses. The larger addition of sodium metabisulphite in the processing of sugar cane, the higher ash content generated while the green and blue colors of red sugar cane were getting smaller. The higher cooking temperature, the lower the moisture content, ash content, color intensity of red, green and blue ofsugar cane. The higher the cooking temperature, the higher the degree of hardness or texture, color preference level, the taste and texture of sugar cane. Based on statistical analysis, cooking temperature affects the moisture content, ash, and the reduction sugar of cane brown sugar. While the addition of sodium metabisulfite gives effects on ash, reduction sugar and the total dissoluble solids of sugar cane. Based on the parameters of chemical properties, physical, organoleptic tests and SNI requirements of sugar cane, the addition of sodium metabisulphite variation of 0.3 g/l anda heating temperature of 80o C in processing sugar cane into brown sugar have shown the most excellent quality. The value of each parameter based on the best treatments as follows: chemical and physical parameters with 8.97 % of water content, 8.29% of reduction sugar, 0.96 % of ash content, 0.50% of total dissoluble solid, 15.68 kg/cm2 of hardness value, while for organoleptic parameters for color 5.50, flavor 5.04 and texture 5.36.Keywords: Sugar cane molasses, sodium metabisulphite, temperature, vacuum evaporator, brown sugarABSTRAKGula merah sebagai sukrosa diperoleh dari nira tebu yang diuapkan. Penguapan merupakan proses pengolahan bahan pangan yang umumnya digunakan pada pembuatan gula merah tebu, dimana proses ini menguapkan sebagian besar nira untuk menghasilkan produk yang kental (konsentrat). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruhpenambahan natrium metabisulfit terhadap sifat fisik dan kimia gula merah tebu yang dihasilkan dari penggunaan vacuum evaporator, dan mengkaji pengaruh suhu pemasakan pada vacuum evaporator terhadap sifat fisik dan kimia gula merah tebu. Pemasakan gula dilakukan pada tekanan -700 mmHg di bawah tekanan atmosfir, dengan variasi suhu pemasakan 60, 70 dan 80o C dan dengan penambahan natrium metabisulfit 0,1; 0,3 dan 0,5 g/l nira. Semakin besar penambahan natrium metabisulfit dalam pengolahan gula merah tebu, semakin tinggi kadar abu yang dihasilkan sedangkan intensitas warna hijau dan biru gula merah tebu semakin kecil. Semakin tinggi suhu pemasakan, semakinrendah kadar air, kadar abu, intensitas warna hijau dan biru gula merah tebu. Semakin tinggi suhu pemasakan, semakin tinggi tingkat kekerasan atau tekstur, tingkat kesukaan warna, rasa dan tekstur gula merah tebu. Berdasarkan analisis statistik, perlakuan suhu pemasakan berpengaruh terhadap kadar air, kadar abu dan gula reduksi gula merah tebu.Sedangkan perlakuan penambahan natrium metabisulfit berpengaruh terhadap kadar abu, gula reduksi dan total padatan tak terlarut pada gula merah tebu. Berdasarkan parameter sifat kimia, fisik, uji organoleptik dan persyaratan SNI gula merah tebu, penambahan natrium metabisulfit 0,3 g/l dan suhu pemasakan 80o C dalam pengolahan nira tebu menjadigula merah menunjukkan kualitas yang paling baik. Nilai masing-masing parameternya dari perlakuan terbaik sebagai berikut: parameter kimia dan fisik dengankadar air 8,97%, gula reduksi 7,96 %, kadar abu 2,65%, total padatan tak larut 0,60 %, nilai kekerasan 15,68 kg/cm2, parameter organoleptik denganwarna 5,50, rasa 5,04 dan tekstur 5,36.Kata kunci: Nira tebu, natrium metabisulfit, suhu, evaporator vakum, gula merah
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cane-sugar Molasses"
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Stolz, Hendrik Nicolaas Petrus. "Invert sugar from sugar cane molasses : a pilot plant study." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1986.
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An investigation was done into the recovery of invert sugar from sugar cane
molasses. A pilot plant was designed and constructed to evaluate the clarification
and separation of molasses to produce invert sugar syrup. The aim of the pilot
plant was to prove the process and deliver data so as to facilitate the design and
prove the financial viability of a commercial plant. The pilot plant had to process
300 kg/day of molasses.
The clarification of molasses by centrifugal separation, a known desludging
process, did not produce a product of acceptable quality which could be used in a
chromatographic separator. The results were disappointing. The product
obtained was also not suitable for dead end pressure filtration. The turbidity
remaining after the centrifugal separation also did not respond to a second
flocculation process.
Conventional settling clarification was investigated. Seven factors that could
influence the consolidation and settling of suspended solids in molasses were
identified, namely: the age of the diluted molasses, the temperature of the
flocculated mixture, the variations across various batches of flocculant, the effect of
reaction time of the phosphoric acid, the optimum flocculant dosing concentration,
the optimum concentration of the molasses solution and the effect of increasing the
acid dosage.
The optimum conditions to clarify molasses through settling were found to be: fresh
molasses, at 28 Brix and 60°C, allowing 10 min intervals between acidification with
3,75 g (as 100%) phosphoric acid/ kg dry material (assumed equal to Brix) and
neutralisation with 5 g (as 100%) caustic/kg dry material (assumed equal to Brix),
flocculation with any batch of flocculant 6195, dosed as a 1000 ppm solution.
Commercial equipment was evaluated. The pilot plant E-cat clarifier was operated
at 300 l/h and a thick sludge formed. The overflow was clear and it could be
filtered. The molasses obtained was suitable for chromatographic separation.
The recovery of sugars from molasses sludge has economic merit. From the
evaluation of centrifugal separation and gravity separation it is clear that gravity separation again is the best method. The sweet-water obtained is consistent within
the clarity requirement of 10 NTU/Brix and can be used to dilute raw molasses in
the upstream processing step. The clarification process that was developed is
patented. [Bekker, Stolz et.al. (2001)]
A sugar recovery of 93.9 mass % at a purity of 99.7 mass % from molasses, was
achieved using a simulated moving bed, ion exclusion, pilot plant. The operating
conditions for this performance were: feed flow at 14 l/h and at a temperature
above 60 °C; water flow at 63 l/h and at a temperature above 65 °C; extract flow at
21 l/h; raffinate flow at 56 l/h; loop flow at 78 l/h and step time at 1326 seconds.
This relates to the following bed volumes of the various separation zones: Bed
Volume Zone 1 = 0.694; Bed Volume Zone 2 = 0.591; Bed Volume Zone 3 =
0.661; Bed Volume Zone 4 = 0.383. There is a trade-off between purity and
recovery and a reduction in water usage.
A preliminary environmental impact assessment and conceptual mass balance
were done. The proposed plant integrates well into the existing Komati Mill of TSB
and does not pose any significant environmental threat. The plant requires certain
services from the mill. The mass balance investigated the water and steam
consumption of the plant. Process integration was done so as to obtain the
optimum utility consumption. The utility consumption of the plant does not exceed
the capacity available at the mill. A small boiler is however required to produce
steam during the annual mill maintenance period.
Various techniques were used in a cost estimation for the invert sugar plant. The
internal rate of return (IRR) is 42% for a fixed capital investment of
R94,270,000.00. The net return rate (NRR) for the project is 4%/year, the net
present value (NPV) - discounted at a 30% cost-of-capital is R41,782,000.00. The
net payout time (NPT) is 5.207 years. The project fulfils the financial requirements
set by TSB.
It is now possible and viable to desugarize cane molasses.
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Opara, Charles C. "Continuous ethanol production from Nigerian cane-sugar molasses." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1987. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/13788.
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The fermentation of carbohydrate sources into ethanol has become increasingly important to both industrialized and developing countries, because of its numerous uses and the need to produce it from renewable resources. In a developing tropical country such as Nigeria, proliferation of microbial life due to the hot climate, and lack of the technical know-how to maintain commercially available plants have created the need to look inwards in order to design and realize simple processes and units from local inputs. The inputs are the microorganism, sugar source, and fermentation system. In this project, high ethanol yielding microorganisms (yeast and bacteria) were isolated from local alcoholic beverages, characterized and used to ferment suitably clarified molasses. Cell immobilized, fixed-bed fermentation system was found most suitable for the tropics.
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Pinto, Fátima Cristina Romão Vieira. "Advances on the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) by mixed microbial cultures from sugar cane molasses." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/7868.
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Rahiman, Farzana. "The effects of artificial and natural sweeteners on various physiological systems." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_5279_1319022790.
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This study aimed to investigate the effects of commercially available natural (sugar cane molasses, white sugar and brown sugar) and artificial (Canderelâ¢, Equalâ¢, Natreenâ¢, Sweetexâ¢, Splenda⢠and Swheetâ¢) sweeteners on various physiological systems. The artificial sweeteners tested in this study may be categorised into their respective groups based on their primary ingredient. The brands Canderel⢠and Equal⢠contain aspartame, Natreen⢠and Sweetex⢠consist of saccharin and Splenda⢠and Swheet⢠are composed of sucralose. The inclusion of artificial or natural sweeteners in the human diet has been continually debated and their implication in the development of certain diseases has raised concern regarding their safe use. Therefore, it is necessary that these food products be subjected to a battery of tests to determine adverse effects on human health.
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Carmo, Inês Miguel Troles Duarte do. "Food waste valorization through the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates by mixed microbial cultures." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/10454.
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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em
Engenharia Química e Bioquímica<br>Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are polyesters of hydroxyl fatty acids, which are accumulated in microbial cells as carbon/energy reserves.
PHAs are bio-based and biodegradable and display a wide range of thermoplastic properties, being a promising alternative to conventional plastics.
Presently, industrial PHA production was primarily based on pure microbial cultures. Although this process has high PHA production efficiency, it presents high costs associated with the use of chemically-defined feedstocks, and to the need for sterility.
An attractive feature of mixed microbial cultures (MMCs) PHAs production is the ability to use waste/surplus feedstocks. Many industrial wastes are seasonally produced making it necessary find the best method of utilization of this feedstock on PHA production process. Two different approaches might be taken account: (1) stock of industrial wastes during their production for their use throughout the year. However, the high fermentability of these agro-industrial wastes makes them susceptible to degradation during storage period; (2) the use of different feedstocks over the year according its availability. It is thus important to study MMC’s response to different feedstocks. The aim of this work is study how MMC PHA production process is affected by a feedstock shift, using cheese whey (CW) and sugar cane molasses (SCM) as model feedstocks. The use of waste based feedstock by MMCs requires a previous conversion of sugars to organic acids (OAs), which is achieved through anaerobic fermentation.
In this study, a three-stage MMC PHA process was used, comprising: (1) anaerobic fermentation of surplus feedstocks to produce OAs in a membrane bioreactor (AnMBR); (2) PHA accumulating culture selection in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) under feast and famine conditions using fermented feedstocks; and (3) PHA production using the selected cultures and the OAs produced in the earlier stages.
Initially the effect of both feedstocks (CW and, SCM) in the acidogenic fermentation (stage 1) was assessed. Firstly, the AnMBR was operated under steady state with CW. When the feedstock was changed to SCM an adaption period of about 10 to 15 days was observed. When SCM was replaced by CW a faster adaptation response, approximately 7 days, was observed.
The AnMBR reached similar OAs profiles in both phases when CW was fed (% g-COD HAA/g-COD OAs): 65% acetate, 10% propionate, 22% butyrate, 2% valerate, and 1% lactate. These results demonstrate that the system’s performance is reproducible. On the other hand, the anaerobic fermentation of a different feedstock, SCM, resulted in a different OAs profile (%g-COD HAA/g-COD OAs): 24% acetate, 38% propionate, 19% butyrate, and 19% valerate.
In a second phase, different fermented feedstocks were used in the selection of PHA-storing organisms under a feast and famine regime in a SBR (stage 2). Initially the SBR was fed with a synthetic OAs solution; then fermented SCM (fSCM) and fermented CW (fCW) were subsequently fed as they were produced in the AnMBR. The adaption of the MMC to fSCM was faster than the adaptation to fCW. Whenever steady state was reached, PHA accumulation tests were performed using the enriched MMC fed with the corresponding feedstock (stage 3), namely synthetic OAs solution, fSCM, and fCW. Storage yields of 0.74, 0.49, and 0.73 C-mol PHA/ C-mol OAs were obtained with synthetic OAs solution, fermented molasses, and fermented CW, respectively. The culture reached a maximum PHA content of 60%, 56% and 65%, when feedstock fed were synthetic OAs solution, fSCM and fCW, respectively. A direct relation between the used feedstock and the polymers composition was observed, which was related with the different OAs profile.
Even though, the shift of complex feedstock in three-stage MMC PHA process is still at a very early stage of development, this work illustrates the advantage of favoring the selection of cultures with the capacity to adapt its metabolism to different feedstocks. This will offer the possibility of using numerous substrates and improving strategies to optimize acidogenic fermentation, culture selection and polymer production.
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Carvalho, Joao Carlos Monteiro de. "Influência de vazão exponencialmente decrescente do mosto de melaço de cana-de-açucar no processo descontínuo alimentado de fermentação alcoólica." Universidade de São Paulo, 1990. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9135/tde-18032008-142642/.
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Estudou-se o processo descontínuo alimentado de fermentação alcoólica, utilizando-se mosto de melaço de cana-de-açúcar e Saccharomyces cerevisiae na forma de fermento prensado. Foram analisados a influência da vazão de alimentação exponencialmente decrescente e do tempo de enchimento do fermentador no comportamento do sistema, considerando os seguintes parâmetros: 1. produtividade em etanol e em células, 2. rendimento em etanol e 3. razão de crescimento celular.<br>The fed-batch ethanol fermentation of sugar-cane blackstrap molasses by the action of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (pressed yeast) was studied. The influence of exponencialy decreasing feeding rates and of the fermentor filling up time on the system behavior was analysed considering the following parameters: 1. ethanol and cell productivities, 2. ethanol yield and 3. cell growth ratio.
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Rego, Gabriel Catucci. "Produção de hidrogênio em reatores anaeróbios de leito fluidificado mesofílico a partir de diferentes substratos orgânicos da indústria sucroalcooleira." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18138/tde-21032017-151748/.
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O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a produção de H2 a partir de diferentes substratos orgânicos da indústria sucroalcooleira, como caldo, melaço e vinhaça da cana-de-açúcar, incluindo a sacarose como uma fonte de carbono sintética. Foram utilizados quatro reatores anaeróbios de leito fluidificado, sendo reator mesofílico caldo (RMC), reator mesofílico melaço (RMM), reator mesofílico sacarose (RMS) e reator mesofílico vinhaça (RMV) mantidos em condição mesofílica (30 ºC) e em concentrações iniciais no substrato de alimentação de 5 gDQO. L-1. O pH do reatores foi mantido entre 4 e 5, os tempos de detenção hidráulica (TDH) empregados foram de 8, 6, 4, 2 e 1 h e a inoculação foi através de um lodo proveniente de um abatedouro de aves, que sofreu tratamento térmico. Em RMC o rendimento de H2 (HY) máximo obtido foi de 1,2 mol H2. mol sacarose-1, ocorrido no TDH de 8 h. O reator (RMM) apresentou um melhor consumo de substrato atingindo um HY de 1,4 mol H2. mol sacarose-1, observado no TDH de 4 h. RMS apresentou o melhor HY em relação aos demais reatores atingindo 3,3 mol H2. mol sacarose-1 no TDH de 6 h. A melhor produção volumétrica de H2 (PVH) obtida foi observada no RMS, onde no TDH de 2 h o reator atingiu 11 L H2. L-1. D-1. RMV, que utilizou vinhaça que passou por tratamento físico-químico através da adição de óxido de cálcio, não apresentou produção de H2. Dentre os principais produtos metabólitos solúveis observados nos reatores durante a operação houve predominância nas concentrações de ácido acético, butírico, isobutírico, propiônico, e succínico, em RMM. No RMC observaram-se maiores concentrações de ácido acético, butírico, lático e propiônico. RMV apresentou predominância de ácido acético, succínico, propiônico e butírico. Em RMS as maiores concentrações foram de ácido propiônico, acético, isobutírico, butírico e etanol.<br>This study aimed to evaluate the production of H2 from different organic substrates sugar industry, like juice, molasses and vinasse from cane sugar, including sucrose as a source of synthetic carbon. four anaerobic fluidized bed were used, mesophilic broth reactor (RMC), mesophilic molasses reactor (RMM), reactor mesophilic sucrose RMS) and reactor mesophilic vinasse (RMV) maintained at mesophilic condition (30ºC) and at initial concentrations feed substrate 5 gCOD. L-1. The pH of the reactor was kept between 4 and 5, the hydraulic detention time (HDT) used were 8, 6, 4, 2 and 1 h and the inoculation through a sludge from a poultry slaughterhouse, which underwent heat treatment. In MRC H2 yield (HY) maximum obtained was 1.2 mol H2. mol sucrose-1, occurred in HRT of 8 h. The reactor (RMM) showed a better substrate consumption reaching a HY 1.4 mol H2. mol-1 sucrose, HDT observed in 4 h. RMS presented the best HY compared to other reactors reaching 3.3 mol H2. mol-1 sucrose in HRT of 6 h. The best volumetric H2 production (PVH) obtained was observed in the RMS where the TDH 2 h the reactor reached 11 L H2. L-1. D-1. RMV that used vinasse which has undergone physical-chemical treatment by adding calcium oxide, showed no H2 production. Among the main products soluble metabolites observed in the reactors during operation predominated in acetic acid concentrations, butyric, isobutyric, propionic, and succinic in RMM. In MRC were observed higher concentrations of acetic, butyric, lactic and propionic acid. RMV showed predominantly acetic, succinic, propionic and butyric acid. RMS higher concentrations were propionic acid, acetic, isobutyric, butyric acid and ethanol.
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Carvalho, Joao Carlos Monteiro de. "Contribuição ao estudo dos processos descontínuo e descontínuo alimentado de fermentação alcoólica." Universidade de São Paulo, 1994. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9134/tde-22102007-115732/.
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Foram estudados os processos descohtínuo e descontínuo alimentado de fermentação alcoólica, utilizando-se mosto de melaço de cana de açúcar e Saccharomyces cerevisiae na forma de fermento prensado. Foram analisados a influência da vazão de alimentação exponencialmente decrescente, do tempo de enchimento e do nível de inóculo no comportamento do sistema, considerando os seguintes parâmetros: - produtividades em etanol e em células - rendimento em etanol - fator de conversão de substrato em células. Para o processo descontínuo alimentado, o valor máximo atingido para a produtividade em etanol foi de 16,9 g/L.h. Os resultados obtidos de rendimentos e produtividades em etanol foram semelhantes para os processos descontínuo e descontínuo alimentado (com tempo de enchimento de 3 h e constante de tempo de 1,6 h-1).<br>The batch and fed-batch fermentations of sugar -cane blackstrap molasses by the action of Saccharomyces cerevisiae(pressed yeast) were studied. The influence of exponentially decreasing feeding rates, fermentar filling-up time and levei of inocullum on the behavior was analysed considering the following parameters: - ethanol and cell productivities - ethanol yield - yield yeast. At fed-batch fermentation, the maximum ethanol productivity obtained was 16.9 g/L.h. The results of ethanol productivities and yield achieved for batch and fedbatch (with fermentar filling-up time of 3 h and time constant of 1.6 h-1</SUP).
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Oltramari, Carlos Eduardo. "Substituição do milho por fontes alternativas de energia no concentrado de bezerros leiteiros: desempenho e metabolismo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11139/tde-30102013-132213/.
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Foram conduzidos dois experimentos com objetivo de avaliar o efeito da substituição do milho moído por diferentes co-produtos da indústria sobre o desempenho e metabolismo de bezerros em aleitamento. No primeiro experimento, 24 bezerros da raça Holandês foram distribuídos em três tratamentos, de acordo com o nível de inclusão de polpa cítrica desidratada (PC): (1) concentrado contendo 64% de milho e 0% de PC (0PC); (2) concentrado contendo 32% de milho e 32% de PC (50PC); e (3) concentrado contendo 0% de milho e 64% de PC (100PC). No segundo experimento, 36 bezerros da raça Holandês foram distribuídos em quatro tratamentos, de acordo com o nível de inclusão de melaço de cana líquido (ME) e xarope de glicose (XG): (1) concentrado contendo 65% de milho, 0% de ME e 0% XG (0ME); (2) concentrado contendo 60% de milho e 5% ME (5ME); (3) concentrado contendo 55% de milho e 10% de ME (10ME); e (4) concentrado contendo 60% de milho e 5% de XG (5XG). Os animais de ambos os experimentos receberam diariamente 4 L de sucedâneo lácteo, além de concentrado e água ad libitum. O consumo do concentrado e o escore fecal foram controlados diariamente. Semanalmente os animais foram pesados e tiveram as medidas corporais aferidas. Amostras de sangue foram colhidas semanalmente para determinação de glicose, lactato e ?-hidroxibutirato. Amostras de fluído ruminal foram colhidas nas semanas 4, 6 e 8 para determinação de pH, N-amoniacal e ácidos graxos de cadeia curta (AGCC). Na oitava semana de vida os animais foram abatidos para avaliação do desenvolvimento do trato digestório superior (peso e volume dos compartimentos e tamanho, área e número das papilas ruminais). No primeiro experimento não houve diferença entre tratamentos (P>0,05) para as variáveis de consumo, desempenho, parâmetros sanguíneos e ruminais, exceto para a concentração de butirato, onde os tratamentos 50PC e 100PC apresentaram maior (P<0,05) concentração que 0PC. Este resultado está relacionado ao maior (P<0,05) peso do trato digestório superior total, maior proporção do retículo-rúmen e área das papilas ruminais dos tratamentos com inclusão de PC, uma vez que o butirato é o principal AGCC estimulador do desenvolvimento ruminal. Dessa forma, a substituição parcial ou total do milho por PC no concentrado inicial não altera o desempenho de bezerros leiteiros, podendo ainda apresentar efeitos positivos no metabolismo ruminal e desenvolvimento do trato digestório superior. No segundo experimento não houve efeito de tratamento (P>0,05) para as variáveis de consumo, desempenho e escore fecal. Porém, observou-se aumento (P<0,05) na concentração total de AGCC, acetato e propionato do tratamento 5ME quando comparado à 0ME, sendo que os demais não diferiram de 5ME e 0ME. Essa alteração no metabolismo ruminal não foi acompanhada (P>0,05) por mudanças nos parâmetros sanguíneos ou de desenvolvimento do trato digestório superior. Pode-se concluir que a substituição do milho por 5 e 10% de ME ou 5% de XG no concentrado não prejudica o desenvolvimento corporal de bezerros leiteiros, sendo uma alternativa ao uso do milho na composição de dietas sólidas para esta classe animal.<br>Two studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of replacing corn grain by co-products, on the performance and changes in the metabolism of dairy calves. In the first study, 24 Holstein calves were divided into three groups, according to level of inclusion of citrus pulp (CP): (1) starter containing 64% corn and 0% CP (0CP), (2) starter containing 32% corn and 32% CP (50CP), and (3) starter containing 0% corn and 64% CP (100CP). In the second study, 36 Holstein calves were allocated four treatments according to level of inclusion of liquid sugar cane molasses (MO) or glucose syrup (GS): (1) starter containing 65% corn, 0% MO and 0% GS (0MO), (2) starter containing 60% corn and 5% MO (5MO), (3) starter containing 55% corn and 10% MO (10MO), and (4) starter containing 60% corn and 5% GS (5GS). The animals of both experiments received 4 L milk replacer daily. Starter and water were provided ad libitum. Starter intake and fecal score were monitored daily. Weekly, the animals were weighed and had their body measurements monitored until eight weeks. Blood samples were taken weekly for glucose, lactate and ?-hydroxybutyrate analysis. Ruminal fluid samples were collected at weeks 4, 6 and 8 of age to pH, ammonia-N and short chain fatty acids (SCFA) determination. In the eighth week of life animals were slaughtered to evaluate the development of the upper digestive tract (weight and volume of the compartments, as well as size, area and number of ruminal papillae). In the first experiment there were no differences among treatments (P>0.05) for starter intake, performance, ruminal and blood parameters, except for the concentration of butyrate, where treatments 50CP and 100CP had higher concentration (P<0.05) than 0CP. This result is related to the higher (P<0.05) weight of total upper digestive tract, proportion of the reticulum-rumen and rumen papillae area of treatments including CP, since butyrate is the main SCFA stimulating rumen development. Thus, the partial or total replacement of corn by citrus pulp in the starter does not change the performance of calves, and may present positive effects on ruminal metabolism and development of the upper digestive tract. In the second study there was no effect of the starter composition (P>0.05) for starter intake, performance or fecal scores. However, there was an increase (P<0.05) in the total SCFA, acetate and propionate concentration for treatment 5MO compared to 0MO, whereas the other treatments did not differ from 5MO and 0MO. This change in ruminal metabolism was not accompanied (P>0.05) by changes in blood parameters and development of the upper digestive tract. It may be concluded that the substitution of corn for 5 and 10% MO or 5% GS in the starter has no detrimental effect on body development of dairy calves, being an alternative to the use of corn in solid feed composition for these animals.
Books on the topic "Cane-sugar Molasses"
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Opara, C. C. Continuous ethanol production from Nigerian cane-sugar molasses. 1987.
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Arnoux, M., and E. Michelot. Methanization of Sugar-cane Molasses Stillage Using the SGN Fixed-film Process at Sociaetae Industrielle De Sucrerie - Guadeloupe (French West Indies): Demonstration Project. European Communities / Union (EUR-OP/OOPEC/OPOCE), 1988.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Cane-sugar Molasses"
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Meyfa, Utami Nanin, Wijaya Daniel Wahyu Putra, and Nurtantoi Dwi. "Utilization of Sugar Cane Molasses and Fly Ash as Additives on the Compressive Strength of Concrete." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-2143-9_12.
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HUGOT, E. "Molasses." In Handbook of Cane Sugar Engineering. Elsevier, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-4832-3190-7.50046-5.
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BAIKOW, V. E. "Final Molasses." In Manufacture and Refining of Raw Cane Sugar. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-4832-3212-6.50022-0.
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Dubey, Ajit Dhar. "Issues and Prospects of Sugar Industry." In Strategic Infrastructure Development for Economic Growth and Social Change. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-7470-7.ch016.
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This chapter explains the sugar industry of Uttar Pradesh, which plays a significant role in the economy. An attempt has been made to critically analyze the role of cane growers and the significant number of employees who are directly employed in this industry. Statistical figures suggest that, during 2010-12, the sugar industry in Uttar Pradesh paid around.78.27 Crores of Rupees as cane price to the growers and around .15 Crores of Rupees as wages to about 30,000 persons employed directly in the industry. The industry contributed more than 20.8 Crores of Rupees to government exchequer in the form of cane cess and excise duty on sugar and molasses in addition to another sizeable amount by way of commercial taxes, income tax, and other levies. An in-depth study is carried out to understand decent working time conditions of these cane workers who are the major factors for increasing production in this sector. The study focuses on increasing the productivity of these cane workers by effective allocation of time based on gender and age.
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Ayyanna, Chakali, Kuppusamy Sujatha, Sujit Kumar Mohanthy, Jayaraman Rajangam, B. Naa Sudha, and H. G. Raghavendra. "Bioethanol Production." In Ethanol Chemistry - Production, Modelling, Applications, and Technological Aspects [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.109097.
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In recent decades, usage of biofuels as fossil fuel substitutes has increased. One method for lowering both crude oil use and environmental pollution is the production of ethanol (bioethanol) from biomass. This report offers an examination of the existing state of affairs and future prospects for biomass-to-ethanol. We examine different conversion routes from a technological, economic, and environmental standpoint. The main focus of this study is on the yield of ethanol from molasses in relation to the dilution ratio and the quantity of yeast used for fermentation while maintaining a constant fermentation temperature and time. In this investigation, the feedstock is sugarcane molasses. A thick by-product of turning sugar cane into sugar is sugarcane molasses. Consequently, sugarcane molasses and other agricultural byproducts are desirable feedstock for the manufacture of bioethanol. Agricultural wastes are cheap, abundant, and renewable. The least expensive strain for the conversion of biomass substrate is Saccharomyces cerevisiae. As a conclusion, it was found that the ethanol yield increased with an increase in yeast quantity, reaching an optimal yeast quantity before ethanol yield started to drop. The ideal ratio of molasses to water was found to be 1:2. The amount of fermentable sugars contained in the biomass has a significant impact on the output of ethanol.
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Faherty, Duncan. "“Free of Every Thing which Can Affect Its Purity”." In The Haitian Revolution in the Early Republic of Letters. Oxford University PressOxford, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192889157.003.0004.
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Abstract This chapter charts how after the outbreak of the Haitian Revolution, the price for cane sugar skyrocketed. In the wake of the surge, a range of concerned northern politicians, amateur economists, and wealthy landholders promoted the “laborless” enterprise of maple sugaring as a countereconomy to cane, one which could divest the U.S. of dangerous connections to revolutionary plantations. The chapter decodes a lengthy maple sugar subplot within the most popular American gothic novel of the nineteenth century, Isaac Mitchell’s The Asylum; or, Alonzo and Melissa (1804/11). Mitchell equates maple sugaring with an idealized American identity by recording how patriots produced such products as “molasses, spirits, and sugar” during the Revolution from corn, carrots, beets, and maple sap. Reading Mitchell alongside a range of other ideologically sympathetic materials, this chapter reveals how the promotion of maple sugaring came to symbolize national economic independence and advanced an explicitly anti-plantocracy political agenda.
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BAIKOW, V. E. "Crystallization by Cooling and Motion of Low Grade Massecuites, and the Exhaustion of Final Molasses." In Manufacture and Refining of Raw Cane Sugar. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-4832-3212-6.50019-0.
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Kumar, Brijesh, Magan Singh, Sandeep Kumar, Rakesh Kumar, and Birendra Kumar. "ENERGY CROPS FOR BIOFUEL PRODUCTION." In Futuristic Trends in Biotechnology Volume 2 Book 27. Iterative International Publishers, Selfypage Developers Pvt Ltd, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.58532/v2bs27p1ch6.
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Biofuels (biodiesel and bioethanol) produced from various biobased sources have recently attracted a lot of attention because of their potential to reduce net carbon dioxide emissions while lowering the growing reliance of the globe on fossil fuels. The goal might be to provide biomass-based alternative fuel that is both readily available and economically viable in order to meet both national goals for biofuel blending and the energy deficit. Currently, maize, sugarcane, molasses, wheat, and other grains crops, cassava, sugar beets, palm, soybean, rapeseed, etc. are used for biofuel production. Recent consideration has been given to lignocellulosic biomass as another potential feedstock because of its non-food competition and abundant supply. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used to ferment the sugars found in sugar cane and sugar beets as well as those obtained from the starch in corn and other cereals in order to economically produce ethanol from a range of feedstocks. The additional bio-resources, in addition to cellulosic biomass being the ideal substitute for producing bioethanol and non-edible oil containing biomaterials for producing biodiesel for vehicle traffic, might make the energy sector sustainable. The production of biofuels from energy crops is essential to the growth of the global economy and the slowing of climate change. The CO2 released during the combustion of biomass is absorbed by plants to grow. Because the quantity of CO2 emitted during usage has already been fixed during plant growth, no net CO2 is produced when agricultural biomass is used to generate energy
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Nouel Borges, G. E., V. R. Hernández, R. J. Sánchez Blanco, F. F. Villasmil, and J. B. Rojas Castellanos. "Evaluation of supplementation with ration based on poultry litter, corn flour, sugar cane molasses and meat meal in dual purpose calf at grazing." In Book of Abstracts for the 10th World Conference on Animal Production. Brill | Wageningen Academic, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/9789086865789_003.
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González-Reyna, Arnoldo, José Fernando Vázquez-Armijo, Rosendo Alberto Alcaraz-Romero, et al. "Intensive Sheep Meat Production Systems: The Use of Beef Fat or Sugar Cane Molasses as Energy Sources and Performance of Hair Sheep Lambs Fed Total Mixed Rations." In Agricultural Sciences. IntechOpen, 2025. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.115608.
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Energy is an important component in total mixed rations (TMR) for ruminants, most commonly sugars (as sugarcane molasses, SCM) and animal fats (rendered beef fat, RBF) are often included in finishing lambs. The effects of feeding TMR with RBF, SCM or control were determined on lamb performance. Lambs (103) were divided into three groups by sex and fed the three rations; rations were iso-proteinaceous and iso-energetic. Lambs were allotted by sex, breed and weight, and lambs were weighed every 14 days. Data was analyzed using a general linear model for average daily gain (ADG), feed intake (FI), feed conversion (FC) and scrotal circumference (SC) to determine the effects of sex, ration, breed, nandrolone and their interactions. Sex affected ADG (P<0.05), ram lambs gained more (159.8 g) than ewe lambs (119.1 g); the lambs fed RBF gained more (150.0 g) than control (138.8 g) or SCM (129.4 g) rations. Lambs fed SCM consumed more (P<0.05) than the lambs fed RBF or control rations. Main factors studied, sex, TMR and nandrolone affected (P<0.05) FC. The interactions sex*ration, sex*nandrolone and ration*nandrolone were significant (P<0.05) for ADG, whereas sex*breed, sex*ration, sex*nandrolone and ration*nandrolone were significant (P<0.05) for FI and sex*ration and ration*nandrolone were significant (P<0.05) for FC. Lambs fed RBF gained more weight than lambs fed the other rations, ram lambs also gained more weight than the ewe lambs and also lambs treated with nandrolone gained more weight than the non-treated lambs.
Reports on the topic "Cane-sugar Molasses"
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Phisalaphong, Muenduen. Development of cell carrier for improved productivity of continuous ethanol fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Chulalongkorn University, 2010. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.res.2010.51.
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The production of a renewable energy from biomass, such as ethanol by fermentation, has received special attention as a consequence of the world energy crisis. Nowadays, gasohol E-10, a mixture of 10% ethanol and 90% gasoline has been widely used in vehicles in Thailand and there is an attempt to promote the use of E-20 or E-85 in the vehicles in the near future. Ethanol fermentation by conventional batch suffers from various constrains such as, low cell density and rather time consuming. Although continuous fermentation by suspended cell culture can be used to speed up the process, it is more difficult to operate and maintain it free of microbial contamination. Immobilized cell technology has been suggested as an effective mean for improved fermentation. The immobilization of cells leads to a high productivity, and good operational stability. The main advantages in the use of immobilized cells in comparison with suspended cells are the retention in a reactor of higher cell concentration, protection of cells against toxic substances and elimination of costly processes of cell recovery and cell recycle. However, the major problems of using immobilization technique in industrial scale are mass transfer limitation and instability in long term operation. For improved performance of immobilized cell carriers, three new types of the cell carriers for ethanol fermentation were developed in the current study, namely, 1) Loofa reinforced alginate carriers 2) Alumina doped alginate gel carrier and 3) Thin shell silk cocoon. These cell carriers were applied for the immobilization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae M30 in ethanol fermentation using sugar cane molasses as a C-source. The developed cell carriers provided many advantage characteristics such as, good mechanical strength, high stability and high immobilization yield. The ethanol productivities of 1.3-1.5 and 8.0-19.0 g/(L h) were achieved by using the immobilized cultures in batch and continuous modes of operation, respectively. The ethanol fermentations in a continuous packed-bed reactor using the immobilized cultures worked efficiently and were stable over 30 days. The results demonstrated the potential use of the cell carriers in an ethanol fermentation system for a long period of time. In extending this work, biomaterial development and characterization for tissue engineering and membrane separation were carried out. Based on this research, we can produce 8 international research articles, 2 Thai patents, 4 international conference proceedings, 3 national conference proceedings and support research activities for 7 master degree students and 1 doctoral degree student.