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Journal articles on the topic 'Canine babesiosis'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

MYLONAKIS (Μ.Ε. ΜΥΛΩΝΑΚΗΣ), M. E., C. BILLINIS (Χ. ΜΠΙΛΛΙΝΗΣ), C. KOUTINAS (X. ΚΟΥΤΙΝΑΣ), and A. F. KOUTINAS (Α. Φ. ΚΟΥΤΙΝΑΣ). "Canine babesiosis." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 52, no. 3 (January 31, 2018): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.15451.

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The causative agents of canine babesiosis are Babesia canis and B. gibsoni which are transmitted by various hard tick species and blood transfusions. In the hyperacute form of the disease hypothermia, shock, severe metabolic acidosis and disseminated intravascular coagulation usually precede the death of the dog occuring in less than 24 hours. Severe anemia, icterus, splenomegaly and peripheral lymphadenopathy characterize the acute form of the disease. Intermittent fever and progressive loss of body weight may be noticed in the chronic form of babesiosis, while its many atypical clinical manifestations (e.g. ascites, gastrointestinal signs, CNS disease, subcutaneous edema, masticatory myositis) often cause diagnostic confusion. The organism detection on RBC in thin blood smears made from the buffy coat is a must for definitive diagnosis. The IFA test is a good choice for screening large numbers of dogs for detecting the asymptomatic carriers. Complete parasitological cure can be obtained with imidocarb dipropionate, pentamidine isethionate or diminazene aceturate, while metronidazole and clindamycin have been recently suggested as good alternatives. Supportive care is considered crucial for the survival of the severely affected animals. While effective tick control is the mainstay of prevention, doxycycline and imidocarb may also play a significant role to that goal. The effectiveness of a killed vaccine is still a matter of controversy.

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Boozer, A. Lindsay, and Douglass K. Macintire. "Canine babesiosis." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice 33, no. 4 (July 2003): 885–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0195-5616(03)00039-1.

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3

YAMASAKI, Masahiro. "Canine babesiosis." Journal of the Japan Veterinary Medical Association 68, no. 4 (2015): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.12935/jvma.68.245.

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4

Irwin, Peter J. "Canine Babesiosis." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice 40, no. 6 (November 2010): 1141–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2010.08.001.

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5

Bourdoiseau, Gilles. "Canine babesiosis in France." Veterinary Parasitology 138, no. 1-2 (May 2006): 118–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.01.046.

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6

Schetters, Theo. "Vaccination against canine babesiosis." Trends in Parasitology 21, no. 4 (April 2005): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pt.2005.02.006.

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7

Dhliwayo, Solomon, Brighton Chihambakwe, Knowledge Taonezvi, Silvester M. Chikerema, Musavengana T. Tivapasi, and Davies M. Pfukenyi. "Seroprevalence of Canine Ehrlichiosis and Microscopic Screening for Canine Babesiosis in Dogs in Harare, Zimbabwe, 2016-2017." Veterinary Medicine International 2019 (December 1, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4130210.

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A cross-sectional study was done to determine ehrlichiosis seroprevalence and babesiosis prevalence in dogs that were presented to selected veterinary clinics in Harare. Sera from randomly selected dogs were tested for antibodies to Ehrlichia spp. using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay while microscopy of peripheral blood smears was used to confirm babesiosis. Overall, 75.2% (88/117, 95% CI: 66.2–82.5) of sera samples tested were positive to Ehrlichia spp. antibodies while the prevalence of canine babesiosis was 47.9% (56/117, 95% CI: 38.6–57.3). Age, breed, and sex were found not to be associated with the two disease conditions p>0.05. Most of the dogs with babesiosis (82.1%, 46/56) were also positive to Ehrlichia spp. antibodies. Hypoalbuminaemia (53.8%, 63/117), anaemia (53.0%, 62/117) and thrombocytopaenia (40.2%, 47/117) were the most common laboratory findings. Thrombocytopaenia and hypoalbuminaemia was more pronounced in dogs with babesiosis only while anaemia was more marked in dogs with babesiosis and positive to Ehrlichia spp. antibodies.

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Petra, Bilić, Kuleš Josipa, Barić Rafaj Renata, and Mrljak Vladimir. "Canine Babesiosis: Where Do We Stand?" Acta Veterinaria 68, no. 2 (June 1, 2018): 127–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acve-2018-0011.

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Abstract Canine babesiosis is a tick-borne disease caused by protozoal haemoparasites of different Babesia species. Babesiosis is one of the most important globally extended and quickly spreading tick-borne infections of dogs. This comprehensive review gives an in-depth overview of Babesia species currently identified in dogs together with relevant vector tick species and their geographical distribution, life cycle and transmission of parasite. The main mechanisms in the pathogenesis of babesiosis are described and elucidated by recent literature overview. As Babesia infection causes a disease with very variable clinical manifestations, special attention is given to clinical signs, laboratory features and clinicopathological findings. The diagnosis of canine babesiosis by microscopy, serological and molecular methods is reviewed, together with recent advances in mass spectrometry based assays. Accurate detection and species recognition are important for the selection of the appropriate therapy, monitoring and prediction of the outcome of the disease. Finally, guidelines for the treatment and prevention of canine babesiosis are given.

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Kostro, Krzysztof, Krzysztof Stojecki, Maciej Grzybek, and Krzysztof Tomczuk. "Characteristics, immunological events, and diagnostics of Babesia spp. infection, with emphasis on Babesia canis." Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy 59, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 495–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bvip-2015-0074.

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AbstractVector-borne infection constitutes a significant health issue in dogs worldwide. Recent reports point to an increasing number of canine vector-borne disease cases in European countries, including Poland. Canine babesiosis caused by various Babesia species is a protozoal tick-borne disease with worldwide distribution and significant veterinary importance. The development and application of molecular methods have increased our knowledge about canine babesiosis, its prevalence, and clinical and pathological aspects of the infection. Parasitologists and veterinary surgeons need an accurate description of the species responsible for canine babesiosis to improve diagnostic and therapeutic methods, as well as predictions for the course of the disease. Therefore, we decided to summarise recent knowledge concerning Babesia species and B. canis.

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Bano, Sajida, and Chandan Lodh. "EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON CANINE BABESIOSIS." Indian Journal of Canine Practice 11, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 090. http://dx.doi.org/10.29005/ijcp.2019.11.1.090-093.

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Dantas-Torres, Filipe, and Luciana Aguiar Figueredo. "Canine babesiosis: A Brazilian perspective." Veterinary Parasitology 141, no. 3-4 (November 2006): 197–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.07.030.

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12

Matijatko, Vesna, Ivana Kiš, Marin Torti, Mirna Brkljačić, Nada Kučer, Renata Barić Rafaj, Darko Grden, Tanja Živičnjak, and Vladimir Mrljak. "Septic shock in canine babesiosis." Veterinary Parasitology 162, no. 3-4 (June 2009): 263–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.03.011.

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Lobetti, Remo, Eran Dvir, and Joyce Pearson. "Cardiac Troponins in Canine Babesiosis." Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 16, no. 1 (January 2002): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2002.tb01607.x.

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14

Baneth, Gad. "Antiprotozoal treatment of canine babesiosis." Veterinary Parasitology 254 (April 2018): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2018.03.001.

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15

Ayoob, Ashley L., Susan G. Hackner, and Jennifer Prittie. "Clinical management of canine babesiosis." Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care 20, no. 1 (February 2010): 77–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-4431.2009.00489.x.

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16

Gójska-Zygner, Olga, Justyna Bartosik, Paweł Górski, and Wojciech Zygner. "Hyponatraemia and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion in non-azotaemic dogs with babesiosis associated with decreased arterial blood pressure." Journal of Veterinary Research 63, no. 3 (September 13, 2019): 339–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2019-0045.

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Abstract Introduction A previous study on canine babesiosis showed low serum tonicity in affected dogs, which may result from syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). This endocrine disorder was recognised in human malaria which is considered a disease with similar pathogenesis to canine babesiosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of SIADH in babesiosis-afflicted dogs. Material and Methods Serum and urinary sodium and urine specific gravity (USG) were determined in dogs with babesiosis. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured at the beginning of the clinical examination. Serum tonicity and osmolality were calculated. Correlations were calculated between MAP and serum and urinary sodium concentrations, USG, serum tonicity, and calculated serum osmolality. Results Statistically significant correlations were observed between MAP and tonicity, calculated osmolality, USG, and serum and urinary sodium concentrations in non-azotaemic dogs. In three non-azotaemic dogs SIADH was recognised. Conclusion SIADH develops in non-azotaemic dogs with babesiosis. It is probably associated with decreased blood pressure in infected dogs. Thus, it seems that in fact it may be appropriate vasopressin secretion in canine babesiosis as a protective mechanism in hypotension which leads to hypoxia and renal failure in affected dogs.

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Zygner, Wojciech, Olga Gójska-Zygner, Paweł Górski, and Justyna Bartosik. "Over 20 years of research on canine babesiosis at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of WULS-SGGW in Warsaw." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 73, no. 10 (2017): 606–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21521/mw.5792.

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Canine babesiosis is a tick-borne disease caused by infection with protozoa of the genus Babesia. During over 20 years of studies on canine babesiosis at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the Warsaw University of Life Sciences, the researchers have identified the species of the parasite and its vector in Poland, determined the cause of azotemia and observed other pathological changes, such as endocrine disorders, changes in the de Ritis quotient, as well as biochemical and hematological changes. It was shown that the tick Dermacentor reticulatus is the only vector of canine babesiosis in Poland and the disease is caused by Babesia canis (formerly known as Babesia canis canis). The first studies of pathological changes confirmed the results of previous research in other countries, in which the most prevalent changes in canine babesiosis were thrombocytopenia, anemia leucopenia, increased activity of liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP), azotemia, hypoalbuminemia, hypoglycemia, hyponatremia and hypokalemia. Research on azotemia in dogs infected with B. canis showed the contribution of TNF-α overproduction to hypotension and its influence on renal ischemia, hypoxia and the development of azotemia. Moreover, in research on endocrine disorders in canine babesiosis, it was shown that IL-6 overproduction leads to the suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis resulting in euthyroid sick syndrome, and that secondary hyperaldosteronism results from decreased renal blood flow and leads to hypokalemia. The results of the research were published in 27 original papers, 6 case reports and many review articles in veterinary journals. These studies provided veterinary surgeons in Poland with improved procedures for diagnosing canine babesiosis, as well as allowed them to better understand some pathogenic mechanisms of the disease and to develop more efficacious therapies..

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Torti, Marin, Josipa Kuleš, Vesna Matijatko, Mirna Brkljačić, Ivana Kiš, Jelena Gotić, Vladimir Mrljak, and Iva Šmit. "Acid-base status in canine babesiosis caused by Babesia canis." Veterinarski arhiv 90, no. 6 (December 15, 2020): 603–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.24099/vet.arhiv.1230.

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Acid-base disturbances have been reported in severe canine babesiosis caused by Babesia rossi (B. rossi), but they have not been studied in babesiosis caused by B. canis. The objective of this study was to determine the acid-base status, blood gases and electrolyte concentrations in naturally occurring canine babesiosis caused by B. canis, and to compare the results to those in healthy dogs. Two groups of animals were used: group 1 consisted of 10 healthy dogs, and group 2 consisted of 14 dogs naturally infected with B. canis. The following acid-base disturbances occurred in the dogs with naturally occurring babesiosis: half of the dogs had a mixed acid-base disorder, and the other half a simple acid-base disorder. The most common mixed disorder was metabolic acidosis with metabolic alkalosis. It may be said that a variety of acid-base disorders occurs in canine babesiosis. The dogs in the present study had metabolic acidosis due to hyperlactemia and hyperchloremia, metabolic alkalosis due to hypochloremia and hypoalbuminemia, and respiratory alkalosis due to hypoxemia. With the use of the strong-ion difference approach clearer recognition of mixed acid-base disorders and their better understanding is possible.

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Leschnik, M., E. Hooijberg, A. Tichy, E. Leidinger, and G. Kirtz. "In-clinic laboratory diagnosis of canine babesiosis (Babesia canis canis) for veterinary practitioners in Central Europe." Tierärztliche Praxis Ausgabe K: Kleintiere / Heimtiere 40, no. 02 (2012): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1623628.

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Summary Objective: Haematological changes in dogs and climatic conditions favourable for the vector may assist in the quick in-house diagnosis of canine babesiosis. Material and methods: Blood samples from 358 dogs suspected to have canine babesiosis were evaluated. The diagnosis was confirmed in 113 dogs by detection of Babesia canis by microscopic examination of a stained blood smear using the concentration line technique. Results: Thrombocytopenia was present in all 113 dogs. Red blood cell count, packed cell volume and haemoglobin values were below the reference range in 62.8%, 61.1% and 46.0% of affected dogs, respectively. An increased reticulocyte count was apparent in five Babesia canis-positive dogs. Leukopenia, lymphopenia, neutropenia and monocytosis were present in 54.9%, 47.8%, 30.4% and 6.5% of the dogs, respectively. Evaluating haematological parameters by CARTanalysis revealed a predictive model (accuracy = 93.5%) for canine babesiosis, when using the leucocyte, thrombocyte, and reticulocyte count. Climatic conditions present at the most probable time of Babesia canis-infection accounted for biseasonal occurrence. Changes of climatic factors during the year influence the vector activity and in conclusion should highlight babesiosis in the ranking of differentials for veterinarians. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that a tentative diagnosis of canine babesiosis can be made based on typical haematological changes. The results recorded match well with the seasonality of the tick vector and were confirmed here by the month of sample submission.

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Máthé, Á., K. Vörös, L. Papp, and J. Reiczigel. "Clinical manifestations of canine babesiosis in Hungary (63 cases)." Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 54, no. 3 (September 1, 2006): 367–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/avet.54.2006.3.7.

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Clinical observations of Babesia canis infection in 63 dogs during a 1-year period are summarised, demonstrating the pathogenicity of the Babesia strain endemic in Hungary. Most patients had babesiosis in the spring and autumn, correlating with the seasonal activity of ticks. Male animals appeared in higher numbers, probably due to an overrepresentation of outdoor dogs. Uncomplicated babesiosis was diagnosed in 32 cases. The disease affected dogs of any age in this study. Symptoms were similar to those published from other parts of the world: lethargy, fever, splenomegaly, pallor, icterus, haemoglobinuria and presence of ticks were the most common observations. Thrombocytopenia, lymphopenia and neutropenia were frequent haemogram changes. Imidocarb appeared to be highly effective in eliminating the Babesia infection. Thirty-one animals demonstrated babesiosis with complications. Most Rottweilers (7/9) developed complicated disease. Old age was a risk factor for multiple complications. Multiple organ manifestations had poor prognosis. Hepatopathy (44%), pancreatitis (33%), acute renal failure (ARF; 31%) and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC; 24%) were frequent complications, while immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia (IMHA; 10%), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS; 6%) and cerebral babesiosis (3%) were rarely observed. There was a significant difference between the mean age of dogs having uncomplicated disease, babesiosis with a single complication and babesiosis with multiple complications (3.4, 4.8 and 8.6 years, respectively, p < 0.001). The recovery rate (78, 68 and 25%, respectively, p = 0.005) and mortality rate (3, 21 and 67%, respectively, p < 0.001) also tended to differ significantly in these groups. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and DIC are two possible pathways leading to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) in babesiosis. DIC was found to predict MODS more sensitively in this study than SIRS: there were 6 animals developing MODS out of 11 identified with DIC, while only 5 dogs developed MODS out of 22 having SIRS.

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Matjila, Tshepo P., Ard M. Nijhof, Amar Taoufik, Dirk Houwers, Erik Teske, Banie L. Penzhorn, Thamar de Lange, and Frans Jongejan. "Autochthonous canine babesiosis in The Netherlands." Veterinary Parasitology 131, no. 1-2 (July 2005): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.04.020.

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22

Kumara, W. R. Bandula. "Antibabesial treatment protocols against canine babesiosis." Sri Lanka Veterinary Journal 63, no. 1 (June 30, 2016): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/slvj.v63i1.3.

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Cook, Simon, and James W. Swann. "Canine babesiosis: autochthonous today, endemic tomorrow?" Veterinary Record 178, no. 17 (April 21, 2016): 417–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.i2168.

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Mehta, H. K., Mahima, ., RK Bagherwal, and R. Chaurasia. "Clinical and Ultrasonographic Alterations in Canine Babesiosis." INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 15, no. 03 (March 9, 2020): 30–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21887/ijvsbt.15.3.8.

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Canine babesiosis is a worldwide tick borne disease. Dogs with fever, in appetence and enlarged lymph nodes were screened for the presence of haemoprotozoan parasites during the one year period of study at T.V.C.C., C.V.Sc., Mhow (M.P. , India ). Based on the stained peripheral blood smears examination, dogs were found to be affected with babesiosis. Clinical examination of the dogs revealed ticks over the body, highest frequency (75.00%) of petechial/epistaxis followed by ticks (72.22%) on the body, recumbency (69.44%), dullness (66.66%), dehydration (63.88%), pale mucous membrane (50.00%) . Sonographic changes in dogs infected with babesiosis revealed hepatomegaly with architectural changes, hypo-echoic changes in the liver parenchyma in 7 dogs, splenomegaly with disturbed architecture and multiple lesions was observed in 9 dogs, cystitis in 5 dogs , distended gall bladder in 3 dogs and in 4 dogs Kidneys structures were not clear in image and no demarcation noticed between cortex and medulla.

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Temoche, Luis Cerro, Renata Assad, Eloy S. Seabra-Junior, Tatiana Didonet Lemos, and Nadia Almosny. "Frequency of Babesia vogeli in domestic dogs in the metropolitan area of Piura, Peru." Acta Veterinaria Brno 87, no. 3 (2018): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb201887030255.

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The aim of this study was to assess the presence of piroplasms in dogs in the metropolitan region of the city of Piura, Peru. Two hundred and twelve canine blood samples were randomly collected. The deoxyribonucleic acid was extracted from each blood sample and was tested using the polymerase chain reaction, restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequence analyses. The study showed the occurrence of Babesia vogeli. For the first time, this approach revealed the presence of canine babesiosis caused by B. vogeli in Peru. This highlights the need to test for pathogens that might be responsible for causing canine babesiosis, through using proper molecular tools.

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Assarasakorn, Sukullaya, and Anuchai Niwetpathomwat. "A complicated case of concurrent canine babesiosis and canine ehrlichiosis." Comparative Clinical Pathology 16, no. 4 (January 24, 2007): 281–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00580-007-0665-3.

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Никулина, O. Nikulina, Новак, Mikhail Novak, Енгашев, and Syergyey YEngashyev. "Methodical guidelines for diagnostics, treatment and prevention of canine babesiosis in the central area of the Russian Federation." Russian Journal of Parasitology 3, no. 3 (September 25, 2016): 414–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/21666.

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Objective of research: to study distribution and features of epizootic process at canine babesiosis in the central area of the Russian Federation as well as improvement of diagnostics, treatment and prevention measures. Materials and methods: Definition of species composition and number of ticks (Ixodidae) on dogs. Statistical analysis of veterinary reports from regional veterinary stations of the Ryazan region. Laboratory microscopic and serological diagnostic test for canine babesiosis. Results and discussion: Seasonal dynamics of activity of ixodid tick Dermacentor reticulatus (April — June and August — October); maximal extensity of invasion with Babesia spp. (75%); average level of parasitemia in acute and super-sharp form of babesiosis in spring and autumn; clinical parameters of non-sterile immunity in adult and young animals; dependence of the degree of the severity of disease on the age of dogs were determined. The maximum parasitemia was observed in young (7-23%) and old (6-30%) animals. The average parasitemia was determined in dogs at the age of 3-7 years were 5-11%. The results of hematological and biochemical research revealed that severe acute canine babesiosis is characterized by erythropenia, decreased level of hemoglobin, haematocrit and thrombocytes, leukocytosis, increased level blood bilirubin (by 3-25 times), urea (1,5-5) and creatinine (1,2-3), reduced glucose level (up to 50%). In babesiosis of light and mild severity, the above-mentioned changes of hematological and biochemical parameters in dogs were not significant. Latent canine babesiosis might be diagnosed by serological test (RAHА) on antibodies to Babesia spp. High efficiency of domestic drugs Babesan (EE = 96,5%), Forticarb (EE = 93,3%), Piro-Stop (EE = 90,9%), Veriben (EE = 82,3%), Neosidin (EE = 75%) for babesiosis in dogs was determined. The drug Emidonol which has antioxydantic and antihypocsantic properties and was used within 5-7 days for dog treatment, promotes prevention of complications in the form of heart and respiratory failure, and reduction of recovery time. Efficiency of the drug «Bars spot-on» (containing ivermectin) applied against ixodid ticks was detected. Repellent efficiency of the essential oil-based collars «Bar», «Fitodoc» and «Chetyre s hvosticom» used against ixodidosis of dogs, was confirmed, the duration of their action is from 160 to 180 days.

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Arulanandam, K., R. Sridhar, and C. Balachandran. "Role of babesiosis in canine pup mortality." International Journal of Chemical Studies 8, no. 4 (July 1, 2020): 157–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/chemi.2020.v8.i4c.9883.

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Irwin, Peter J. "Canine babesiosis: from molecular taxonomy to control." Parasites & Vectors 2, Suppl 1 (2009): S4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-2-s1-s4.

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Dantas-Torres, Filipe. "Causative agents of canine babesiosis in Brazil." Preventive Veterinary Medicine 83, no. 2 (February 2008): 210–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2007.03.008.

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Matijatko, Vesna, Marin Torti, and Theo P. Schetters. "Canine babesiosis in Europe: how many diseases?" Trends in Parasitology 28, no. 3 (March 2012): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pt.2011.11.003.

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Jacobson, L. S., and R. G. Lobetti. "Rhabdomyolysis as a complication of canine babesiosis." Journal of Small Animal Practice 37, no. 6 (June 1996): 286–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5827.1996.tb02381.x.

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Torbica, G., Ljiljana Bedrica, M. Samardzija, Marija Lipar, Dubravka Ljubojevic, M. Kreszinger, D. Djuricic, and I. Harapin. "Canine babesiosis treatment with three different medicines." Acta veterinaria 63, no. 2-3 (2013): 279–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/avb1303279t.

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Holman, Patricia J., and Karen F. Snowden. "Canine Hepatozoonosis and Babesiosis, and Feline Cytauxzoonosis." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice 39, no. 6 (November 2009): 1035–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2009.08.002.

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35

Winiarczyk, Dagmara, Michał Bartnicki, Beata Abramowicz, Paweł Łyp, Jacek Madany, Stanisław Winiarczyk, and Łukasz Adaszek. "Utility of urinary markers in the assessment of renal dysfunction in canine babesiosis." Tierärztliche Praxis Ausgabe K: Kleintiere / Heimtiere 45, no. 02 (2017): 84–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.15654/tpk-160490.

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SummaryObjective: Canine babesiosis is a common and clinically significant tick-borne disease caused by haemoprotozoan parasites of the genus Babesia. Acute renal failure is considered to be one of the most prevalent complications of canine babesiosis. This complication leads to a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate and in consequence causes azotemia and uremia. The objective of this study was to assess the localization and extent of renal damage in dogs infected with Babesia canis using an urinary marker for glomerular (urinary immunoglobulin G, uIgG), proximal tubular dysfunction (urinary retinol binding protein, uRBP) and distal tubular dysfunction (urinary Tamm-Horsfal protein, uTHP). Material und methods: In 10 dogs naturally infected with B. canis and 10 healthy control dogs the levels of urinary biomarkers were measured using commercially available ELISA tests. Results: Higher concentrations of uIgG, uRBP and uTHP were found in the urine of all dogs with babesiosis than in those from the control group. This indicates that in the course of the disease, the glomeruli as well as the renal tubules become damaged. Conclusion and clinical relevance: The study results allow a better understanding of the pathogenesis of canine babesiosis. However, in order to fully determine the extent and the nature of the damage to the kidneys of the infected dogs, it is advisable to conduct additional histopathological examinations of these organs.

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Abakpa, S. A. V., I. J. Obadina, T. J. Fambegbe, A. F. Makinde, and A. I. Adeleye. "Retrospective Analysis of Babesiosis in Dogs presented at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria, From 2007 - 2015." Nigerian Journal of Parasitology 42, no. 1 (April 14, 2021): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njpar.v42i1.23.

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A 9-year retrospective analysis of clinical records of dogs presented at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH), Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta (FUNAAB), between 2007 and 2015 was done to determine the prevalence of babesiosis. A total of 2457 File cases were reviewed and dogs diagnosed with Babesia infection were analysed for the following parameters: sex, age, medication, mortality and year of occurrence. Data generated were analyzed with One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), using Graph Pad Prism 7 software. Chi square was used to determine the difference between sexes. Of the 2457 cases presented during the study period, 574 (23.4%) were diagnosed to be babesiosis. This comprised of 266 (46.3%) males and 308 (53.7%) females, with prevalence rates of 10.9% and 12.6% respectively. Relapse cases were 120 (20.9%) while mortality rate was 41 (7.1%). Diminazene aceturate, imidocarb and oxytetracycline were the drugs used in treating canine babesiosis during the period. Among these drugs, oxytetracycline was the most frequently used, but had the highest percentage of relapsed and mortality cases. It was concluded that the prevalence of canine babesiosis in VTH, FUNAAB is high and the highest percentage of relapsed and mortality cases was recorded with use of oxytetracycline. Keywords: Babesiosis, dogs, Prevalence,

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Zygner, W., and O. Gójska-Zygner. "Association between decreased blood pressure and azotaemia in canine babesiosis." Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 17, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 173–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjvs-2014-0024.

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Abstract Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) was described in canine babesiosis. Hypotension is considered as one of the factors which influence the development of hypoxic renal damage. In this study hypotension defined as mean arterial pressure (MAP) < 80 mmHg was detected in 7 out of 48 dogs (14.6%) infected with Babesia canis. Lower systolic arterial pressure (SAP), diastolic arterial pressure (DAP) and MAP were detected in azotaemic dogs infected with B. canis. Statistically significant negative correlations between blood pressures (SAP, DAP and MAP) and serum creatinine and urea concentrations showed the influence of decreased blood pressure on the development of azotaemia and is probably also associated with ATN in canine babesiosis.

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Rawangchue, Thanakorn, and Sivapong Sungpradit. "Clinicopathological and molecular profiles of Babesia vogeli infection and Ehrlichia canis coinfection." July-2020 13, no. 7 (2020): 1294–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2020.1294-1302.

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Background and Aim: Canine babesiosis, a tick-borne parasitic disease, is caused by the hemoprotozoa, Babesia vogeli, and Babesia gibsoni. Infection with these parasites, which is endemic globally, leads to life-threatening immunosuppression in dogs. The merozoites invade the red blood cells (RBCs) of infected dogs. Ehrlichia canis, an intracellular bacterium that infects monocytes, is transmitted by the same tick species (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) during blood consumption and coinfection with B. vogeli and E. canis has been reported. Although the hematology and biochemistry of canine babesiosis have been studied, more studies are needed to develop a better understanding of the hematobiochemical and molecular profiles associated with cases of single infection and coinfection of canine babesiosis in Thailand. This study aimed to investigate the hematological, biochemical, and molecular profiles of B. vogeli infection and E. canis coinfection. Materials and Methods: The study included 33 B. vogeli–positive blood samples and 11 E. canis–coinfected blood samples. To exclude coinfection with Hepatozoon canis and Anaplasma platys, only dogs with B. vogeli infection and B. vogeli–E. canis coinfection were included in the study. A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was conducted to detect B. vogeli, E. canis, and H. canis, and a conventional PCR assay was conducted for the detection of A. platys. Besides, the PCR assay and sequencing, comprehensive data analysis was conducted, including a microscopic blood parasite examination and hematological and biochemical data analysis. Results: The comparison of the hematobiochemical data between the B. vogeli–positive and E. canis coinfection groups identified that there were statistically significant differences in the RBC parameters, including RBC count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, and RBC distribution width (p=0.001). Neither B. vogeli infection nor coinfection with E. canis was associated with the sex, breed, recorded clinical signs, geographic origin of the dog and also B. vogeli 18S rRNA gene sequencing results. Conclusion: Coinfection with E. canis increased the severity of babesiosis. The pathogenic mechanisms underlying this infection, such as destruction of RBCs, require further investigation. This study may enhance diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of canine babesiosis.

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Goodswen, Stephen J., Paul J. Kennedy, and John T. Ellis. "Applying Machine Learning to Predict the Exportome of Bovine and Canine Babesia Species That Cause Babesiosis." Pathogens 10, no. 6 (May 27, 2021): 660. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10060660.

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Babesia infection of red blood cells can cause a severe disease called babesiosis in susceptible hosts. Bovine babesiosis causes global economic loss to the beef and dairy cattle industries, and canine babesiosis is considered a clinically significant disease. Potential therapeutic targets against bovine and canine babesiosis include members of the exportome, i.e., those proteins exported from the parasite into the host red blood cell. We developed three machine learning-derived methods (two novel and one adapted) to predict for every known Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, and Babesia canis protein the probability of being an exportome member. Two well-studied apicomplexan-related species, Plasmodium falciparum and Toxoplasma gondii, with extensive experimental evidence on their exportome or excreted/secreted proteins were used as important benchmarks for the three methods. Based on 10-fold cross validation and multiple train–validation–test splits of training data, we expect that over 90% of the predicted probabilities accurately provide a secretory or non-secretory indicator. Only laboratory testing can verify that predicted high exportome membership probabilities are creditable exportome indicators. However, the presented methods at least provide those proteins most worthy of laboratory validation and will ultimately save time and money.

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Tayyub, Muhammad, Kamran Ashraf, Muhammad Lateef, Aftab Ahmad Anjum, Muhammad Asad Ali, Nisar Ahmad, Muhammad Nawaz, and Muhammad Mudasser Nazir. "Genetic Diversity of Canine Babesia Species Prevalent in Pet Dogs of Punjab, Pakistan." Animals 9, no. 7 (July 13, 2019): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9070439.

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Canine babesiosis is a serious threat to dogs’ health worldwide, caused by the intra-erythrocytic Babesia species. The present study was carried out in pet dogs presented at three clinics of Lahore and one of Narowal in Punjab, Pakistan. Two hundred blood samples (50 from each clinic) were collected and screened by microscopy for Babesia spp. Out of 200 samples, 84 (42%) were found to be positive for babesiosis. The highest number of positive cases (50%) was recorded in dogs at Narowal clinic. Non-significant variation (p > 0.05) was observed in the prevalence of babesiosis in dogs in relation to sex and age. Positive samples were further confirmed by a polymerase chain reaction using 18S-rRNA genus-specific and species-specific primers. Amplicons were further analyzed by nucleotide sequencing for genetic diversity. Babesia canis and gibsoni were confirmed by genome sequencing in all diseased dogs. These isolates closely resembled each other, but differed from previous reported strains. In conclusion, pet dogs suffering from babesiosis were infected with B. canis and gibsoni, while in other countries, other Babesia species are also prevalent.

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Górna, M., P. Klimiuk, M. Kalinowski, S. Winiarczyk, and L. Adaszek. "A presumptive case of cerebral babesiosis in a dog in Poland caused by a virulent Babesia canis strain." Tierärztliche Praxis Ausgabe K: Kleintiere / Heimtiere 40, no. 05 (2012): 367–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1623660.

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SummaryThe aim of this paper was to present the first case of cerebral canine babesiosis due to infection by Babesia canis in a dog in Poland. A 5-year-old American Staffordshire Terrier was presented with an unusual clinical manifestation of acute babesiosis that included neurological signs and pancytopenia. Despite treatment the dog died. Diagnosis was based on microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained blood smears (detection of piroplasms in red blood cells) and post mortem examination of the brain by histopathology and PCR method. The amplified segment of the Babesia 18S RNA gene was sequenced. This enabled to determine that the cause of the disease had been the strain 18S RNA-B EU622793. This is one of two B. canis strains found endemically in Poland, which reveals a greater virulence than the strain 18S RNA-A EU622792. The described case indicates that this form of canine babesiosis should be taken into account in differential diagnosis in dogs exhibiting neurological symptoms, especially in the tick activity season.

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Swamy, K. K. Ponnu, T. Mohanapriya, P. A. Enbavelan, R. C. Sundararajan, S. Saravanan, and R. Ramprabhu. "Triple Therapy in Canine Babesiosis - A Case Report." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 8, no. 12 (December 10, 2019): 964–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2019.812.124.

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Abdel-Rahman, Ali A., Yamen, M. Hegazy, Khaled Sultan, and Magdy H. Al-Gaabary. "CLINICAL, HEMATOLOGICAL AND PARASITOLOGICAL STUDY ON CANINE BABESIOSIS." Kafrelsheikh Veterinary Medical Journal 13, no. 2 (October 1, 2015): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/kvmj.2015.109779.

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Konvalinová, Jarmila, Ivo Rudolf, Silvie Šikutová, Zdeněk Hubálek, Vlasta Svobodová, and Miroslav Svoboda. "Contribution to canine babesiosis in the Czech Republic." Acta Veterinaria Brno 81, no. 2 (2012): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb201281020091.

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From March to November 2010, a total of 68 samples of blood from 41 hunting and working dogs that never left the Czech Republic were examined. Some dogs were sampled repeatedly. Blood samples were examined by polymerase chain reaction for the presence of DNA of piroplasms with negative results. Specific IgG antibodies against Babesia canis were detected by indirect immunofluorescence test, and five dogs (12.21%) were seropositive. Titres ranged from 50 to 200. One dog was positive in two samplings within 3 months. The highest number of positive samples was taken in June. The results of this study suggest a likely contact of the examined dogs with the parasite; although in 2005, a total of 340 adult unfed Dermacentor reticulatus ticks in 34 pools screened by PCR for babesiae were negative.

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Turcitu, Mihai, Bogdan Alexandru Vițălaru, Ana Maria Bădulescu, Adina Asandei, and Raluca Toma. "Therapeutic response monitoring in canine babesiosis – case study." Practica Veterinara.ro 4, no. 33 (2018): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.26416/pv.33.4.2018.2103.

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Dvir, Eran, Remo G. Lobetti, Linda S. Jacobson, Joyce Pearson, and Piet J. Becker. "Electrocardiographic changes and cardiac pathology in canine babesiosis." Journal of Veterinary Cardiology 6, no. 1 (May 2004): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1760-2734(06)70060-1.

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Jacobson, Linda S., Remo G. Lobetti, Pieter Becker, Fred Reyers, and Tarquin Vaughan-Scott. "Nitric oxide metabolites in naturally occurring canine babesiosis." Veterinary Parasitology 104, no. 1 (February 2002): 27–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-4017(01)00606-9.

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RA, Bhat, Yasmeena Nisar, Farkhanda Rehman, Iqra Majid Najar, Amatul Muhee, and Mohd Iqbal Yatoo. "Diagnosis and treatment of canine babesiosis in dogs." Journal of Dairy, Veterinary & Animal Research 8, no. 3 (June 5, 2019): 139–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/jdvar.2019.08.00256.

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Johnson, Nicholas. "Tracing disease emergence: canine babesiosis in the UK." Veterinary Record 179, no. 14 (October 6, 2016): 356.1–357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.i5372.

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ITOH, NAOYUKI, SEIICHI HIGUCHI, TOSHIMI OGASAWARA, ATSUKO OGASAWARA, and SEIICHI KAWAMURA. "An Outbreak of Canine Babesiosis in Aomori Prefecture." Journal of the Japan Veterinary Medical Association 40, no. 3 (1987): 167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.12935/jvma1951.40.167.

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