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Journal articles on the topic 'Canned shrimps'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Rabo, P. D., D. U. Zarmai, B. A. Jwanya, and S. H. Dikwahal. "The Role of Fisheries Resources in National Development: A Review." International Letters of Natural Sciences 18 (July 2014): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.18.20.

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This paper on the role of Fisheries resources in National development is aimed at highlighting the role of Fishery products in Nation building. Fishery products of finned Fish species like Cod, Flounder, Salmon, Catfish, Goldfish, Sea urchins, Shrimps, King crab, Halibut, Mollusk and Echinoderms that come from both capture Fisheries and Aquaculture provide employment, food security, improves welfare, nutrition and a healthy population. Also serve for International trade and foreign exchange in goods like Leather and polishing materials that come from the skin of Cartilagenous Fishes. Ice Fish, dried and canned Fishery products, Salmon roe (egg) and Fish oil used for the manufacture of Soap and Medicinal Oils like the Cod Liver Oil. Fish intake also reduces the condition atherosclerosis thereby combating cardiovascular diseases. However, the Fishery Subsector has some constraints such as by Catch, improper funding, poor input Facilities, Poverty in Fishing Communities, Water barriers, effect of climate change and lack of comprehensive Man power development and training programmes. It is therefore recommended that Government, Donor agencies and international trade unions make effort to increase the educational and capital base of small-scale Farmers; distinguish between Farmed and Wild products, provides Comprehensive Man power and training programmes for all Cadre, providing transportation systems for better appreciation and Productivity in the fishery sub-sector. Laws and by-laws should also be enacted to prevent indiscriminate fishing to avoid over exploitation and extinction of our Aquatic Species.
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2

Ukpebor, J., and C. Ejeomo. "Levels of PAHs in shrimps, Penaeus monodon from Jones Creek southern Nigeria." Tropical Freshwater Biology 26, no. 1 (March 15, 2018): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tfb.v26i1.3.

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured in shrimp samples (Penaeus monodon) of Jones Creek southern Nigeria during the rainy and dry seasons and analysed for 16 priority PAHs. The ΣPAHs ranged from 0.073 to 0.800 mg/kg for shrimp samples collected for the 18 month duration of this study. Fluorene and anthracene were the most dominant PAH observed with concentrations of 0.084 ± 0.010 mg/kg and 0.059 ± 0.007 mg/kg respectively. Fluorene was also the most detected PAH comprising 21.91% of the 16 PAHs detected while benzo(g,h,i)perylene was the least with 0.02%. The source of contamination is closely related to human activities such as domestic and industrial discharges, refining activities and street runoff. High concentrations were recorded during the rainy season and during the first quarter of the year. The investigated samples were classified as minimally contaminated when compared with FDA levels of PAHs in shrimp samples. Distribution patterns showed that PAHs with 3 and 4 rings dominated confirming the pyrogenic source of the detected PAH. Diagnostic ratios such as phenanthrene/anthracene and benzo(a)anthracene/chrysene were achieved to evaluate the emission sources of PAHs. These ratios indicated a pyrolytic source of PAHs for sediments, as well as a pyrolytic or pyrogenic origin of the PAHs detected in the shrimp samples obtained within the study area.Key words: PAHs, sediment, shrimps, cancer risk, diagnostic ratio.
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Elsyana, Vida, Maria Bintang, and Bambang Pontjo Priosoeryanto. "Cytotoxicity and Antiproliferative Activity Assay of Clove Mistletoe (Dendrophthoe pentandra(L.) Miq.) Leaves Extracts." Advances in Pharmacological Sciences 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3242698.

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Clove mistletoe (Dendrophthoe pentandra(L.) Miq.) is a semiparasitic plant that belongs to Loranthaceae family. Clove mistletoe was traditionally used for cancer treatment in Indonesia. In the present study, we examined cytotoxicity of clove mistletoe leaves extracts against brine shrimps and conducted their antiproliferative activity on K562 (human chronic myelogenous leukemia) and MCM-B2 (canine benign mixed mammary) cancer cell lines in vitro. The tested samples were water extract, ethanol extract, ethanol fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and n-hexane fraction. Cytotoxicity was screened using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). Antiproliferative activity was conducted using Trypan Blue Dye Method and cells were counted using haemocytometer. The results showed that n-hexane fraction exhibited significant cytotoxicity with LC50value of 55.31 μg/mL. The n-hexane fraction was then considered for further examination. The n-hexane fraction of clove mistletoe could inhibit growth of K562 and MCM-B2 cancer cell lines in vitro. The inhibition activity of clove mistletoe n-hexane fraction at concentration of 125 μg/mL on K562 cancer cell lines was 38.69%, while on MCM-B2 it was 41.5%. Therefore, it was suggested that clove mistletoe had potential natural anticancer activity.
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4

Matata, Daniel Z., Olipa D. Ngassapa, Francis Machumi, and Mainen J. Moshi. "Screening of Plants Used as Traditional Anticancer Remedies in Mkuranga and Same Districts, Tanzania, Using Brine Shrimp Toxicity Bioassay." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2018 (November 14, 2018): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3034612.

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Background.Inadequate specialized cancer hospitals and high costs are contributing factors that delay cancer patients from accessing health care services in Tanzania. Consequently, majority of patients are first seen by Traditional Health Practitioners (THPs) before they access specialized services. This study presents ethnomedical information and preliminary evaluation of 25 plant species claimed by THPs in Mkuranga and Same districts of Tanzania on use for treatment of cancer. Literature search and laboratory investigation results are presented to support evaluation.Methods. This study was a single disease ethnomedical enquiry focusing on plants being used for cancer treatment.Face-to-face interviews and questionnaires were administered toeight (8) THPsin Mkuranga and Same districts on the claimed plants and their use for management of cancer. Plants were selected based on being frequently mentioned and emphasis given by THPs. Literature search and brine shrimp toxicity (BST) of methanol : dichloromethane (1:1) extracts was used as surrogates to evaluate strength of the claims.Results.This study reports 25 plant species used by the THPs in two districts of Tanzania. Eight plants (32%) have been reported in the literature to have activity against cancer cells. BST results revealed, 14 (56%) plants exhibited high toxicity against brine shrimps. The most active plants includedCroton pseudopulchellusPax (LC504.2μg/ml),Dalbergia melanoxylonGuill. & Perr. (LC506.8μg/ml),Loranthus micranthusLinn (LC504.0μg/ml),Ochna mossambicensisKlotzsch (LC503.3μg/ml), andSpirostachys africanaSond. (LC504.4μg/ml); their toxicity was comparable to that ofCatharanthus roseus(L) G. Don. (LC506.7μg/ml), an established source of anticancer compounds. Nine other plants had LC50values between (19.8 and 71.6)μg/ml, indicating also potential to yield anticancer.Conclusion.Literature search and BST results provide a strong support of the potential of the claimed plants to yield active anticancer compounds.
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Vekaria, Mrudul Pravinbhai, and Pravin Tirgar. "Salicin a promising ER, PR and HER2 binding molecule proving lethal against Hormone + and triple negative breast cancer cells." International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine 12, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.47552/ijam.v12i1.1755.

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Therapeutics against breast cancer is a major research field, due to inefficiency or partial efficiency of existing therapeutics. An urge to discover better therapeutics always persists. Our objective is to study salicin against breast cancer cells, in order to find its therapeutic properties. To study the effect of salicin on breast cancer cells, we performed MTT assay on MCF-7 (hormone positive) and MDA-MB-231 (triple negative) breast cancer cell lines, we did brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) assay to see the lethal effects of salicin. By the help of bioinformatics we tried to locate the targets that delineate salicin activity. Salicin was docked with estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) to study its binding efficiency and possible targets of salicin. Salicin remarkably reduces cell viability both in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, along with being lethal to brine shrimps. These results together opine that salicin can be an effective therapeutics against breast cancer cells. The mechanism of action of salicin is probably through ER, PR and HER2 receptors because it can efficiently bind these receptors with minimum energy required for binding. This explains that salicin can easily bind to these receptors. These results together opine that salicin can be an effective therapeutics against breast cancer cells. The mechanism of action of salicin is probably through ER, PR and HER2 receptors because it can efficiently bind these receptors with minimum binding energy. ER, PR and HER2 are major reasons behind the disease pathogenicity depending on the type of breast cancer. According to our results salicin may either induce apoptosis or reduce cellular mitosis both via P53 dependent and independent pathway, which makes salicin a good choice of both hormone positive and negative breast cancer cells.
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D'souza, Stephanie L., Balaji Deshmukh, Jigna R. Bhamore, Karuna A. Rawat, Nibedita Lenka, and Suresh Kumar Kailasa. "Synthesis of fluorescent nitrogen-doped carbon dots from dried shrimps for cell imaging and boldine drug delivery system." RSC Advances 6, no. 15 (2016): 12169–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra24621k.

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Fluorescent N-doped carbon dots were synthesized using dried shrimps as precursors and rationally fabricated as a traceable drug delivery system for the targeted delivery of boldine to human breast cancer cells (MCF-7 cells).
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7

Tohir, Dudi, and Fitriah Sari. "Cytotoxicity of the Most Active Fraction of the Seeds of Swietenia macrophylla using Human Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells." Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi 23, no. 7 (June 30, 2020): 234–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jksa.23.7.234-237.

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Ethyl acetate fraction from Swietenia macrophylla was reported to have toxicity against the larvae of Artemia salina shrimp larvae. However, there areno reports aboutS. macrophylla, which can inhibit human breast cancer cells MCF-7. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate S. macrophyllaextract's cytotoxicity using human breast cancer MCF-7 cells assay, followed by confirmation of its toxicity using brine shrimp lethality assay. The most active fraction obtained from the ethyl acetate extract of S. macrophylla showed 76.49% inhibition at 50 µg/mL (IC50=34.11 µg/mL). At the same time, the most active fraction may contain a mixture of limonoid compounds after LCMS analysis. The most active fraction obtained from ethyl acetate extract of S. macrophylla showed 76.49%
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8

Blair, Steven, Missael Garcia, Tyler Davis, Zhongmin Zhu, Zuodong Liang, Christian Konopka, Kevin Kauffman, et al. "Hexachromatic bioinspired camera for image-guided cancer surgery." Science Translational Medicine 13, no. 592 (May 5, 2021): eaaw7067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.aaw7067.

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Cancer affects one in three people worldwide. Surgery remains the primary curative option for localized cancers, but good prognoses require complete removal of primary tumors and timely recognition of metastases. To expand surgical capabilities and enhance patient outcomes, we developed a six-channel color/near-infrared image sensor inspired by the mantis shrimp visual system that enabled near-infrared fluorescence image guidance during surgery. The mantis shrimp’s unique eye, which maximizes the number of photons contributing to and the amount of information contained in each glimpse of its surroundings, is recapitulated in our single-chip imaging system that integrates arrays of vertically stacked silicon photodetectors and pixelated spectral filters. To provide information about tumor location unavailable from a single instrument, we tuned three color channels to permit an intuitive perspective of the surgical procedure and three near-infrared channels to permit multifunctional imaging of optical probes highlighting cancerous tissue. In nude athymic mice bearing human prostate tumors, our image sensor enabled simultaneous detection of two tumor-targeted fluorophores, distinguishing diseased from healthy tissue in an estimated 92% of cases. It also permitted extraction of near-infrared structured illumination enabling the mapping of the three-dimensional topography of tumors and surgical sites to within 1.2-mm error. In the operating room, during surgical resection in 18 patients with breast cancer, our image sensor further enabled sentinel lymph node mapping using clinically approved near-infrared fluorophores. The flexibility and performance afforded by this simple and compact architecture highlights the benefits of biologically inspired sensors in image-guided surgery.
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9

Harshaw, Diane, Lutfun Nahar, Brahmachari Vadla, Gadria Saif-E-Naser, and Satyajit Sarker. "Bioactivity of Rumex obtusifolius (Polygonaceae)." Archives of Biological Sciences 62, no. 2 (2010): 387–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs1002387h.

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Rumex obtusifolius L. (Polygonaceae), commonly known as 'broad-leaf dock', is one of the most common Irish wayside weeds, and it also occurs in silage fields, on river banks, in ditches and on waste grounds. The ethnobotanical uses of this species include its use as an antidote to nettle, depurative, astringent, laxative, and tonic, and in the treatment of sores, blisters, burns, cancer and tumors. The bioactivities of n-hexane, dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol (MeOH) extracts of the leaves of R. obtusifolius were assessed using the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, the newly developed micro-titer-based antimicrobial assay incorporating resazurin as an indicator of cell growth, and the brine shrimp lethality assay. The most potent free radical scavenging activity was displayed by the MeOH extract with a RC50 value of 7.80 x 10-2 mg/mL. Among the fractions obtained from solid-phase extraction (SPE) of the MeOH extract, the 50% aqueous methanolic SPE fraction exhibited the highest levels of free radical scavenging property (RC50 = 1.05 x 10-2 mg/mL). While the n-hexane extract did not show any antibacterial activity at test concentrations, the DCM extract was active only against Escherichia coli. However, the MeOH extract as well as the 50% and 80% SPE fractions of the MeOH extract showed significant antibacterial property against all bacterial strains tested. None of the extracts or fractions exhibited any significant toxicity towards brine shrimps.
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10

Shahinozzaman, Md, Takahiro Ishii, Mohammad A. Halim, Md Amzad Hossain, Md Tofazzal Islam, and Shinkichi Tawata. "Cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory resorcinol and alkylbenzoquinone derivatives from the leaves of Ardisia sieboldii." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 74, no. 11-12 (November 26, 2019): 303–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2019-0114.

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Abstract Medicinal plants belonging to the genus Ardisia are traditionally used to cure various human diseases including inflammation and cancer. This study aimed to purify and characterize cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory compounds from Ardisia sieboldii leaves. Bioassay-guided chromatographic analyses yielded three compounds, 2-methyl-5-(8Z-heptadecenyl) resorcinol (1), 5-(8Z-heptadecenyl) resorcinol (2), and ardisiaquinone A (3), whereas liquid chromatography–electrospray ionisation–mass spectrometry chemical profiling revealed the presence of diverse resorcinol and alkylbenzoquinone derivatives in cytotoxic 70% methanol extracts. Chemical structures of 1–3 were confirmed by spectroscopic methods including 1H NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance), 13C NMR, and electrospray ionisation–mass spectrometry. Compounds 1 and 2 were purified from A. sieboldii for the first time, and all three compounds showed cytotoxicity against a panel of cancer cell lines and brine shrimps in a dose-response manner. Among them, compound 2 exhibited the highest cytotoxicity on cancer cells (IC50 values of 8.8–25.7 μM) as well as on brine shrimps (IC50 value of 5.1 μM). Compounds 1–3 exhibited anti-inflammatory effects through inhibiting protein denaturation (IC50 values of 5.8–9.6 μM), cyclooxygenase-2 activity (IC50 values of 34.5–60.1 μM), and nitrite formation in RAW 264.7 cells. Cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities of 1–3 demonstrated in this study deserve further investigation for considering their suitability as candidates or leads to develop anticancer and anti-inflammatory drugs.
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11

ATOLANI, Olubunmi, Olufunke Esan OLORUNDARE, Priyanka BANERJEE, Oluyomi Stephen ADEYEMI, and Robert PREISSNER. "ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATIONS, ANTI-CANCER, CYTOTOXICITY, IN SILICO TOXICITY, AND ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATIONS OF MORINGA OLEIFERA SEED PROTEIN." Periódico Tchê Química 18, no. 38 (July 28, 2021): 214–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v18.n38.2021.15_atolani_pgs_214_223.pdf.

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Background: Moringa oleifera seed, which is widely utilized as an affordable source of domestic water treatment, is also reputable for its various pharmacological applications globally. Aim: This study evaluates the toxicity and pharmacological potentials of Moringa oleifera seed protein while establishing the chemical profile. Method: Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) were used to analyze the protein/peptide content of the purified protein. The protein was also investigated for in vitro anticancer potential on Hela and MDA-MB-231 cell lines, cytotoxic on 3T3 cell line, and toxicity to brine shrimps. In addition, the antimicrobial action of the protein (polypeptide) was evaluated. Results and Discussion: The MALDI-MS revealed three protein moieties with values of 3.4, 4.6, and 6.9 kDa. On the other hand, LC-ESIMS/MS analysis revealed dipeptides and tripeptides, which include serinylarginine, leucylproline, leucylmethionyl-glycine, isoleucyl-glycyl-methinine, glycyl-arginyl-aspartic acid, isoleucyl-glutamyl-methionine, diphenylalanine, asparaginyl-aspartyl-histidine, seryl-tyrosyl-tyrosine, phenylalanyl-asparaginyl-tyrosine, and propanolyl-trytophanyl-glycine. The seed protein exhibited extremely low toxicity on both 3T3 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines, while the standards, doxorubicin, and cycloheximide had IC50 = 0.5 ± 0.07 and 0.8 ± 0.10 μg/mL, respectively. Further, the protein showed no antibacterial or antifungal activity against all tested organisms. The protein also exhibited no lethality against brine shrimp. The in-silico toxicity results indicated that the peptides are not immunotoxic, carcinogenic, or mutagenic as most belonged to the tox class V except serylarginine predicted for tox class IV (harmful if swallowed). Hence, the intake of the protein remnant in water could be within the tolerable limit. Conclusion: The results obtained suggested that the protein content of the Moringa oleifera seed is non-cytotoxic. The result further validates the safety potential of the defatted and debittered seed material used as potential food sources for both humans and animals.
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12

NINGSIH, VIANA, ESTU RETNANINGTYAS NUGRAHENI, and OKID PARAMA ASTIRIN. "Toxicity test of active fraction from ethanol extract of ginje (Thevetia peruviana) leaves by Brine Shrimp Test method and chemistry compound profile of most active fraction." Biofarmasi Journal of Natural Product Biochemistry 11, no. 1 (December 6, 2017): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biofar/f110104.

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Ningsih V, Nugraheni ER, Astirin OP. 2013. Toxicity test of active fraction from ethanol extract of ginje (Thevetia peruviana) leaves by Brine Shrimp Test method and chemistry compound profile of most active fraction. Biofarmasi 11: 48-57. Cancer is a major threat to human health. The treatment that been made such as dissection, radiation, and chemotherapy, did not give satisfactory results, even gave the considerable adverse side effects. Other alternative that selected is utilizing the natural materials from plant that expected to be companion chemotherapy. One of the plants as source of new drug potentially is ginje (Thevetia peruviana Merr). Previous studies reported that ethanol extract of ginje leaves have toxic effects below 1000 µg/mL. Therefore, it needs to be tested further to determine its potential as anticancer. This study aimed to determine the toxic effects of the active fractions of ethanol extract of ginje leaves by Brine Shrimp Test (BST) method and to determine the profile of active fraction of chemical constituents. Toxicity test was performed with Brine Shrimp Test (BST) method against Artemia salina Leach. Shrimp larva with a series concentrations extract of 62.5 µg/mL, 125 µg/mL, 250 µg/mL, 500 µg/mL and 1000 µg/mL of each concentration were tested in 5 flacons. Each flacon contained 10 shrimp larva. The percentage of shrimp larva mortality was calculated after 24 hours of test and the data were analyzed by calculating the value of LC50. The profile of the chemical contents of the most active fraction were identified by TLC and analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that the most active fraction in killing the larva of shrimp Artemia is the fraction I with the values of LC50-24 hours was 44.67 µg/mL. The contents of chemical compounds contained in fraction I of leaf ethanol extract of ginje were terpenoid and phenolic groups.
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Wang, D. Q., and E. Kolbe. "Measurement and prediction of freezing times of vacuum canned Pacific shrimp." International Journal of Refrigeration 10, no. 1 (January 1987): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-7007(87)90092-2.

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14

Cui, Yalei, Xiaoyuan Yang, and Xiaobo Zhang. "Shrimp miR-34 from Shrimp Stress Response to Virus Infection Suppresses Tumorigenesis of Breast Cancer." Molecular Therapy - Nucleic Acids 9 (December 2017): 387–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.omtn.2017.10.016.

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15

NINGSIH, VIANA, ESTU RETNANINGTYAS NUGRAHENI, and OKID PARAMA ASTIRIN. "Uji toksisitas fraksi aktif ekstrak etanol daun ginje (Thevetia peruviana) dengan metode Brine Shrimp Test dan profil kandungan kimia fraksi teraktif." Biofarmasi Journal of Natural Product Biochemistry 11, no. 2 (August 6, 2013): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biofar/f110204.

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Ningsih V, Nugraheni ER, Astirin OP. 2013. Toxicity test of active fraction from ethanol extract of ginje (Thevetia peruviana) leaves by Brine Shrimp Test method and chemistry compound profile of most active fraction. Biofarmasi 11: 48-57. Cancer is a major threat to human health. The treatment that been made such as dissection, radiation, and chemotherapy, did not give satisfactory results, even gave the considerable adverse side effects. Other alternative that selected is utilizing the natural materials from plant that expected to be companion chemotherapy. One of the plants as source of new drug potentially is ginje (Thevetia peruviana Merr). Previous studies reported that ethanol extract of ginje leaves have toxic effects below 1000 μg/mL. Therefore, it needs to be tested further to determine its potential as anticancer. This study aimed to determine the toxic effects of the active fractions of ethanol extract of ginje leaves by Brine Shrimp Test (BST) method and to determine the profile of active fraction of chemical constituents. Toxicity test was performed with Brine Shrimp Test (BST) method against Artemia salina Leach. Shrimp larva with a series concentrations extract of 62.5 μg/mL, 125 μg/mL, 250 μg/mL, 500 μg/mL and 1000 μg/mL of each concentration were tested in 5 flacons. Each flacon contained 10 shrimp larva. The percentage of shrimp larva mortality was calculated after 24 hours of test and the data were analyzed by calculating the value of LC50. The profile of the chemical contents of the most active fraction were identified by TLC and analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that the most active fraction in killing the larva of shrimp Artemia is the fraction I with the values of LC50-24 hours was 44.67 μg/mL. The contents of chemical compounds contained in fraction I of leaf ethanol extract of ginje were terpenoid and phenolic groups.
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Yulia, Mega, Rani Anggraini, and Farizal Farizal. "UJI AKTIVITAS SITOTOKSIK EKSTRAK METANOL BUAH KETUMBAR (Coriandrum sativum Linn) TERHADAP ARTEMIA SALINA LEACH DENGAN UJI BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test)." Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia 2, no. 3 (September 16, 2020): 137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33759/jrki.v2i3.72.

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Coriander is a common herb can be used as traditional medicine. One of the expected benefits of Coriander fruits is an anti-cancer. This study aims to determine the cytotoxic activity of Coriander extract (Coriandrum sativum Linn) on shrimp larvae (Artemia salina Leach) with the BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test) method. Coriander fruits was extracted using methanol solvent and maceration method, then concentrated it with a rotary evaporator until a thick extract. Cytotoxic activity test used methanol extract with several concentration : 1,000 ppm, 100 ppm, 10 ppm, and 1 ppm. The result of this research reveal that methanol extract of Coriander fruits has cytotoxic activity with LC50 value is 32.35 ppm.
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Oladipupo, Akolade R., Chinwe S. Alaribe, Idris A. Ariyo, Herbert A. B. Coker, and Adeniyi S. Ogunlaja. "Cytotoxic, anti-mitotic and cytogenetic effects of the leaves and stems of Olax subscorpioidea Oliv. (Olacaceae) against Artemia salina nauplii and Allium cepa meristematic cells." Macedonian Pharmaceutical Bulletin 65, no. 01 (2019): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.33320/maced.pharm.bull.2019.65.01.001.

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The search for novel, safe and effective anticancer agents has been a continuous and recurring objective in cancer research. Olax subscorpioidea is a medicinal plant used for ethnomedicinal treatment of cancer in Nigeria. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxic, anti-mitotic and cytogenetic effects of methanol extracts of the leaves and stems of O. subscorpioidea. The cytotoxic activities were evaluated against brine shrimps (Artemia salina) nauplii and Allium cepa roots, while anti-mitotic and cytogenetic effects were assessed on Allium cepa meristematic cells. Cytotoxicity assays showed that the extracts demonstrated potent cytotoxic activities, having LC50 values of 10.7 and 45.2 µg/mL against brine shrimps and IC50 values in the range of 47.03 – 81.93 µg/mL on A. cepa roots. These activities were comparable to that of potassium dichromate and methotrexate used as positive control in each of the assays. Anti-mitotic results indicated that at a concentration of 10 µg/mL, the extracts demonstrated percentage mitotic inhibition (% M.I) of 35.95 – 70.12%, with greater or similar anti-mitotic effects to methotrexate at a concentration of 125 µg/mL, % M.I of 39.04 – 40.64%. Cytogenetic investigation revealed that the extracts showed chromosomal aberrations that were not considerably different from those observed in the negative control group. The current findings suggest that the plant extracts may contain cytotoxic and anti-mitotic compounds. Further research to investigate these extracts in more sophisticated test systems and to isolate and characterize their active principles is ongoing.
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Natsir, Muh, Sanang Nur Safitri, Oktovia Nurmawati, Muh Saleh Purnama R., and Ruslan. "Potential Combination of Kapok Leaf Extract (Ceiba pentandra G.) and Turmeric Extract (Curcuma domestica Va) as an Anticancer Compound." KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia 7, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/kovalen.2021.v7.i1.15493.

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Combination of kapok leaf extract (Ceiba pertandra G.) and turmeric extract (Curcuma domestica Va.) was carried out to determine the potential of extracts in treating cancer with BSLT and murine cells P388. Cancer is a disease that is very feared because it’s difficult to cure, and even rarely causes death. The sample was extracted with methanol, the extract was mixed so that the mixture extract from the two samples was obtained. The results showed that in the BSLT test the mixed extract had a bioactivity against shrimp larvae with an LC50 value of 142.946 ppm. While in Leukemia P388 cell testing showed that the combination of mixed extracts had a cytotoxic effect on Leukemia P388 cancer cells with inhibitory concentration values of 54.34 ppm. This shows that the kapok leaf extract (Ceiba pentandra G.) and combination of turmeric extract (Curcuma domestica Va.) has potential and can be developed as an anticancer agent because it has an IC50 value that can inhibit murine P388 cell growth and LC50 value which can kill shrimp larvae Artemia salina L.
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López-Saiz, Carmen-María, Guadalupe-Miroslava Suárez-Jiménez, Maribel Plascencia-Jatomea, and Armando Burgos-Hernández. "Shrimp Lipids: A Source of Cancer Chemopreventive Compounds." Marine Drugs 11, no. 10 (October 16, 2013): 3926–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md11103926.

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Rahman, AKM Shahidur, Md Anwar Ul Islam, Mir Misbahuddin, Nishat Parvin, and Md Moniruzzaman Khan. "Comparative Cytotoxicity Study of Cisplatin and its Metabolites by using Brine Shrimp Lethality Bioassay." KYAMC Journal 8, no. 1 (August 31, 2017): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v8i1.33867.

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Background: Cisplatin an old chemotherapeutic agent used to treat various types of cancers, including sarcomas, some carcinomas e.g. small cell lung cancer and ovarian cancer, lymphomas and germ cell tumors etc. Most important toxicity of cisplatin is nephrotoxicity produced by cisplatin itself and its few metabolites, which are some time fatal.Objectives: Present study was to determined the comparative study and the level of toxicities of cisplatin and their metabolires by using Brine Shrimp Lethality Bioassay.Methods: In this study, cisplatin and its four possible metabolites (CM2 to CM5) were isolated from the 24 hours collected urines of 5 cisplatin treated cancer patients using conventional chromatographic techniques as well as HPLC, were placed to comparative cytotoxic study using brine shrimp lethality bioassay.Results: Comparative to cisplatin, its metabolites are more toxic, specially CM2 (Meta 2, LC50=1.2?gm/ml) and CM3 (LC50=1.08 ?gm/ml), CM4 (Meta 4, LC50=1.182?gm/ml) which is correlate to the previous study (p<0.01*).Conclusion: Cisplatin can form monohydrated complexes by hydrolytic reactions. The monohydrated complex is more toxic to the renal cells than cisplatin but it is not kidney specific.KYAMC Journal Vol. 8, No.-1, Jul 2017, Page 15-20
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Andersen, Wendy C., Christine R. Casey, Tara J. Nickel, Susan L. Young, and Sherri B. Turnipseed. "Dye Residue Analysis in Raw and Processed Aquaculture Products: Matrix Extension of AOAC INTERNATIONAL Official Method 2012.25." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 101, no. 6 (November 1, 2018): 1927–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.18-0015.

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Abstract Background: Triphenylmethane dyes and metabolites are known or suspected mutagens and are prohibited in animals intended for human consumption. Despite toxicity, triphenylmethane dyes are used illegally as inexpensive treatments for fungal and parasite infections in aquatic animals. Objective: AOAC INTERNTIONAL Official Method 2012.25 for the LC-MS/MS determination of malachite green, crystal violet, brilliant green, and metabolites leucomalachite green and leucocrystal violet in seafood products was previously validated for finfish (trout, salmon, catfish, and tilapia) and shrimp, but had not been fully validated for other types of aquacultured products such as eel, molluscan shellfish, or frog or for processed seafoods. Methods: Method 2012.25 was applied to a wide scope of raw and processed aquaculture products including Arctic char, barramundi, eel, frog legs, hybrid striped bass, pompano, scallops, seabream, smoked trout, dried shrimp, and highly processed canned eel and dace products. The canned products contained oil, salt, sugar, flavorings, spices, sauces, and/or preservatives. Results: Dyes and metabolites were recovered with &gt;85% accuracy and precision generally &lt;20% relative standard deviation. The method detection limit was ≤0.60 μg/kg and LOQ was &lt;1.0 μg/kg. Compounds were identified in 99% of 330 fortified and incurred samples. Conclusions: This study supports the use of Method 2012.25 for triphenylmethane dye residue analysis in a wide variety of aquacultured and seafood products. Highlights: Method 2012.25 performed well with results consistent with previous validation studies, regardless of presence of additional food ingredients or the type of processing.
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He, Fang, Beau J. Fenner, Andrew K. Godwin, and Jimmy Kwang. "White Spot Syndrome Virus Open Reading Frame 222 Encodes a Viral E3 Ligase and Mediates Degradation of a Host Tumor Suppressor via Ubiquitination." Journal of Virology 80, no. 8 (April 15, 2006): 3884–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.80.8.3884-3892.2006.

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ABSTRACT We have characterized a white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) RING-H2-type protein, WSSV222, which is involved in ubiquitination. WSSV222 exhibits RING-H2-dependent E3 ligase activity in vitro in the presence of the specific conjugating enzyme UbcH6. Mutations in the RING-H2 domain abolished WSSV222-dependent ubiquitination, revealing the importance of this domain in WSSV222 function. Yeast two-hybrid and pull-down analyses revealed that WSSV222 interacts with a shrimp tumor suppressor-like protein (TSL) sharing 60% identity with human OVCA1. To better characterize the interaction of WSSV222 and TSL in vivo, we established a stable TSL-expressing cell line derived from the human ovarian cancer cell line A2780, where we observed a TSL-dependent prolonged G1 phase. Furthermore, we detected WSSV222-mediated ubiquitination and MG132-sensitive degradation of TSL both in shrimp primary cell culture and in the TSL-expressing cell line. Transient expression of TSL in BHK cells leads to apoptosis, which was rescued by WSSV222. Taken together, our data suggest that WSSV222 acts as an antiapoptosis protein by ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis of TSL to ensure successful WSSV replication in shrimp.
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Shiono, Yoshihito, Yumi Seino, Takuya Koseki, Tetsuya Murayama, and Ken-ichi Kimura. "Antarones A and B, Two Polyketides from an Endophytic Penicillium antarcticum." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 63, no. 7 (July 1, 2008): 909–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2008-0716.

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Two new polyketides, antarones A and B, were isolated from the endophytic fungus Penicillium antarcticum. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods. Their general toxicity and cytotoxicity were evaluated, respectively, by brine shrimp lethality and cytotoxicity assay with human cancer cell lines. Neither antarones A nor B exhibited activity at the concentration of 100 μM.
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Kannan, Arvind, Navam S. Hettiarachchy, Maurice Marshall, Sivakumar Raghavan, and Hordur Kristinsson. "Shrimp shell peptide hydrolysates inhibit human cancer cell proliferation." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 91, no. 10 (May 18, 2011): 1920–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.4464.

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Sarni, Sarni. "Toksisitas Oligomer Kitosan Derajat Deasetilasi Rendah Enzimatis Menggunakan Metode Brine Srimp Lethality Test (BSLT)." Indo. J. Chem. Res. 4, no. 2 (January 31, 2017): 373–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598//ijcr.2017.4-sar.

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Chitosan oligomers or chitooligomer is a mixture of oligomers of D-glucosamine which are formed through a process of depolymerization of chitosan with cuting its β-glycosidic bonding. Chitosan oligomer has received much attention in various fields because of the specific biological activity 10 times greater than chitosan. Chitosan oligomer having biological activity as antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-tumor and anti-cancer. Before it is applied to humans, the bioactive compounds to be used as pharmaceutical products must pass a preliminary test using test animals. BSLT method is often used to praskrining against bioactive compounds. This method uses shrimp larvae are widely used in searches that are toxic bioactive compounds from natural materials. This study aims to determine the toxicity of chitosan oligomers enzymatic (crude) as a preliminary test before being used as a pharmaceutical product either as anti-cancer or anti microbial with BSLT method. The results showed chitosan oligomer (crude) hydrolysis of leather tiger shrimp chitosan (DD 60%) with chitosanase enzyme for each time of incubation has strong toxicity properties with a value of 36.90 ppm LC50 (1 hour incubation); 47.43 ppm (incubation 2 hours) and 104.86 ppm (incubation 3 hours).
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Jia, Wen-Huan, An-Qi Li, Jing-Yi Feng, Yan-Fu Ding, Sen Ye, Jin-Shu Yang, and Wei-Jun Yang. "DEK terminates diapause by activation of quiescent cells in the crustacean Artemia." Biochemical Journal 476, no. 12 (June 26, 2019): 1753–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bcj20190169.

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Abstract To cope with harsh environments, the Artemia shrimp produces gastrula embryos in diapause, a state of obligate dormancy, having cellular quiescence and suppressed metabolism. The mechanism behind these cellular events remains largely unknown. Here, we study the regulation of cell quiescence using diapause embryos of Artemia. We found that Artemia DEK (Ar-DEK), a nuclear factor protein, was down-regulated in the quiescent cells of diapause embryos and enriched in the activated cells of post-diapause embryos. Knockdown of Ar-DEK induced the production of diapause embryos whereas the control Artemia released free-swimming nuaplii. Our results indicate that Ar-DEK correlated with the termination of cellular quiescence via the increase in euchromatin and decrease in heterochromatin. The phenomena of quiescence have many implications beyond shrimp ecology. In cancer cells, for example, knockdown of DEK also induced a short period of cellular quiescence and increased resistance to environmental stress in MCF-7 and MKN45 cancer cell lines. Analysis of RNA sequences in Artemia and in MCF-7 revealed that the Wnt and AURKA signaling pathways were all down-regulated and the p53 signaling pathway was up-regulated upon inhibition of DEK expression. Our results provide insight into the functions of Ar-DEK in the activation of cellular quiescence during diapause formation in Artemia.
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Ibrahim, Sabrin R. M., RuAngelie Ebel, Rainer Ebel, and Peter Proksch. "Acanthomine A, a new Pyrimidine-β-Carboline Alkaloid from the Sponge Acanthostrongylophora Ingens." Natural Product Communications 3, no. 2 (February 2008): 1934578X0800300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x0800300213.

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Chemical investigation of the ethyl acetate extract of the sponge Acanthostrongylophora ingens afford one new pyrimidine-β-carboline alkaloid named acanthomine A (2), together with two known compounds annomontine (1) and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronorharman-1-one (3). Their structures were unambiguously established on the basis of NMR spectroscopy (1H, 13C, 1H-1H COSY, HMQC and HMBC) and mass spectrometry. The isolated compounds were tested for cytotoxic activity using brine shrimp bioassay and different cancer cell lines.
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Tanasawet, Supita, Wanida Sukketsiri, Pennapa Chonpathompikunlert, Pennapa Chonpathompikunlert, Wanwimol Klaypradit, Morakot Sroyraya, and Pilaiwanwadee Hutamekalin. "Apoptotic effect of astaxanthin from white shrimp shells on lung cancer A549 cells." Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 19, no. 9 (November 23, 2020): 1835–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v19i9.6.

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Purpose: To investigate the anti-cancer potential of astaxanthin from Litopenaeus vannamei encapsulated in liposomes (ASX) to treat lung cancer A549 cells.Methods: Lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were cultured and treated with ASX, following which cell viability and nuclear staining were performed. Generation of ROS was identified by the DCFH-DA assay while tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester was used to determine the mitochondrial membrane potential. Flow cytometry was applied to investigate caspase-3/7 activity and cell cycle distribution.Results: ASX inhibited growth of A549 in a concentration- and time- dependent manner. The IC50 values at 24, 48 and 72 h were 53.73, 22.85, 17.46 μg/mL, respectively (p < 0.05). After incubation with ASX, the morphological changes were observed in A549 cells following Hoechst 33342/PI fluorescent staining. ASX increased ROS generation and was associated with the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential, which subsequently triggered the activation of caspase-3/7 activity leading to apoptosis (p < 0.05). In addition, A549 cells accumulated in the G0/G1 phase.Conclusion: The results suggest that ASX is a valuable nutraceutical agent to target A549 lung cancer cells via ROS-dependent pathway as well as blockage of cell cycle progression. Keywords: Astaxanthin, Litopenaeus vannamei, Lung cancer, A549, Apoptosis
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MACNEIL, JANE SALODOF. "Axitinib Shrinks Thyroid Cancer in Phase II Trial." Internal Medicine News 40, no. 14 (July 2007): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1097-8690(07)70861-2.

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Garber, K. "Research Retreat: Pfizer Eliminates Sugen, Shrinks Cancer Infrastructure." JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 95, no. 14 (July 15, 2003): 1036–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/95.14.1036.

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Zhou, Yuan-Ming, Guang-Lin Ju, Lin Xiao, Xiang-Fei Zhang, and Feng-Yu Du. "Cyclodepsipeptides and Sesquiterpenes from Marine-Derived Fungus Trichothecium roseum and Their Biological Functions." Marine Drugs 16, no. 12 (December 19, 2018): 519. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md16120519.

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On the basis of the ‘one strain, many compounds’ (OSMAC) strategy, chemical investigation of the marine-derived fungus Trichothecium roseum resulted in the isolation of trichomide cyclodepsipeptides (compounds 1–4) from PDB medium, and destruxin cyclodepsipeptides (compounds 5–7) and cyclonerodiol sesquiterpenes (compounds 8–10) from rice medium. The structures and absolute configurations of novel (compounds 1, 8, and 9) and known compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses, X-ray crystallographic analysis, and ECD calculations. All isolated compounds were evaluated for cytotoxic, nematicidal, and antifungal activities, as well as brine shrimp lethality. The novel compound 1 exhibited significant cytotoxic activities against the human cancer cell lines MCF-7, SW480, and HL-60, with IC50 values of 0.079, 0.107, and 0.149 μM, respectively. In addition, it also showed significant brine shrimp lethality, with an LD50 value of 0.48 μM, and moderate nematicidal activity against Heterodera avenae, with an LC50 value of 94.9 μg/mL. This study constitutes the first report on the cytotoxic and nematicidal potential of trichomide cyclodepsipeptides.
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Sakai, Ryuichi, Kota Tanano, Takumi Ono, Masaya Kitano, Yusuke Iida, Koji Nakano, and Mitsuru Jimbo. "Soritesidine, a Novel Proteinous Toxin from the Okinawan Marine Sponge Spongosorites sp." Marine Drugs 17, no. 4 (April 8, 2019): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md17040216.

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A novel protein, soritesidine (SOR) with potent toxicity was isolated from the marine sponge Spongosorites sp. SOR exhibited wide range of toxicities over various organisms and cells including brine shrimp (Artemia salina) larvae, sea hare (Aplysia kurodai) eggs, mice, and cultured mammalian cells. Toxicities of SOR were extraordinary potent. It killed mice at 5 ng/mouse after intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection, and brine shrimp and at 0.34 µg/mL. Cytotoxicity for cultured mammalian cancer cell lines against HeLa and L1210 cells were determined to be 0.062 and 12.11 ng/mL, respectively. The SOR-containing fraction cleaved plasmid DNA in a metal ion dependent manner showing genotoxicity of SOR. Purified SOR exhibited molecular weight of 108.7 kDa in MALDI-TOF MS data and isoelectric point of approximately 4.5. N-terminal amino acid sequence up to the 25th residue was determined by Edman degradation. Internal amino acid sequences for fifteen peptides isolated from the enzyme digest of SOR were also determined. None of those amino acid sequences showed similarity to existing proteins, suggesting that SOR is a new proteinous toxin.
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López-Saiz, Carmen-María, Javier Hernández, Francisco-Javier Cinco-Moroyoqui, Carlos Velázquez, Víctor-Manuel Ocaño-Higuera, Maribel Plascencia-Jatomea, Maribel Robles-Sánchez, Lorena Machi-Lara, and Armando Burgos-Hernández. "Antimutagenic Compounds of White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei): Isolation and Structural Elucidation." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8148215.

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According to the World Health Organization, cancer is the main cause of mortality worldwide; thus, the search of chemopreventive compounds to prevent the disease has become a priority. White shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) has been reported as a source of compounds with chemopreventive activities. In this study, shrimp lipids were extracted and then fractionated in order to isolate those compounds responsible for the antimutagenic activity. The antimutagenic activity was assessed by the inhibition of the mutagenic effect of aflatoxin B1on TA98 and TA100Salmonellatester strains using the Ames test. Methanolic fraction was responsible for the highest antimutagenic activity (95.6 and 95.9% for TA98 and TA100, resp.) and was further separated into fifteen different subfractions (M1–M15). Fraction M8 exerted the highest inhibition of AFB1mutation (96.5 and 101.6% for TA98 and TA100, resp.) and, after further fractionation, four subfractions M8a, M8b, M8c, and M8d were obtained. Data from1H and13C NMR, and mass spectrometry analysis of fraction M8a (the one with the highest antimutagenic activity), suggest that the compound responsible for its antimutagenicity is an apocarotenoid.
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Albaayit, Shaymaa Fadhel Abbas, Rukesh Maharjan, and Mariam Khan. "Evaluation of Hemolysis Activity of Zerumbone on RBCs and Brine Shrimp Toxicity." Baghdad Science Journal 18, no. 1 (March 10, 2021): 0065. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2021.18.1.0065.

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Zerumbone is a well-known compound having anti-cancer, anti-ulcer, anti-inflammatory and anti-hyperglycemic effects. During its use for the disease treatment, the membrane of erythrocyte can be affected by consumption of this bioactive compound. The current study was the first report of investigation of the hemolytic activities on human erythrocytes and cytotoxic profile of zerumbone. The toxicity of zerumbone on human erythrocytes was determined by in vitro hemolytic assay. Brine shrimp lethality assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of zerumbone at concentrations 10, 100 and 1000 μg/mL. The human erythrocyte test showed no significant toxicity at low concentrations, whereas hemolytic effect was amplified up to 17.5 % at the highest concentration. The half lethal concentration (LC50) value of zerumbone against brine shrimp was less than 1000 µg /mL (LC50=190 µg/ml) showing the significant toxic nature of this compound. These results provide a baseline in terms of the toxicity of therapeutic formulations from this compound to membrane erythrocytes with a great attention to the highest concentrations, which paves promise for drug development.
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Vieyra-Peña, Enedia, Alberto Ordinola-Zapata, Tessy Peralta, Antonieta Peña, Katherine Saavedra, and Magno Mendoza. "Development of a canned shrimp in vegetable oil: Heat treatment, nutritional content and microbiological safety." Manglar 16, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/manglar.2019.015.

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JUNG, Hee-Bum, Ryeong-Won KWON, Cheong-Sik KONG, and Jeong-Gyun KIM. "Processing and Quality Characteristics of Canned Shrimp Marsupenaeus japonicus Porridge Added Young Ginseng Panax ginseng." JOURNAL OF FISHRIES AND MARINE SCIENCES EDUCATION 32, no. 2 (April 30, 2020): 499–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.13000/jfmse.2020.4.32.2.499.

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Couladis, M., R. B. Badisa, P. Baziou, S. K. Chaudhuri, E. Pilarinou, E. Verykokidou, and C. Harvala. "Antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of Hypericum sp. on brine shrimps and human cancer cell lines." Phytotherapy Research 16, no. 8 (2002): 719–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1042.

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He, Hongtao, Lixing Wang, Guanglei Huang, Rongfeng Liu, Meng Yuan, Penghui Xing, Baoen Shan, and Jian Shi. "Prediction of clinical efficacy by plasma concentration of apatinib in patients with solid tumor." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): e15000-e15000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e15000.

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e15000 Background: To explore the correlation between plasma concentration of apatinib and clinical efficacy. Methods: 42 patients were enrolled. Plasma specimens of all patients were collected. At 7:40 am, fasting blood was drawn as plasma trough concentration (Ctrough). At 8 am, apatinib mesylate (APA-M, 250mg qd) was orally administrated. At 11 am, venous blood was drawn as plasma peak concentration (Cpeak). Each patient has Ctrough and Cpeak samples. A total of 84 plasma samples were obtained. The concentration of APA-M in plasma was determined by UPLC-MS/MS. Results: 1) 42 patients were evaluable. Treatment response was assessed by RECIST1.1. 2 patients achieved complete response (CR), 16 partial response (PR), 12 stable disease (SD) (tumor shrinks), 5 SD (tumor enlargement), 7 progressive disease (PD). Objective response rate (ORR) was 42.9% (18/42) and disease control rate (DCR) was 83.3% (35/42). 2) On day 1 and 456 after oral APA-M from different patients, median trough concentration (Ctrough median) was 264.38 ng/ml (1.18 ng/ml-918 ng/ml), and median peak concentration (Cpeak median) was 543.61 ng/ml (71.11 ng/ml-1609.4 ng/ml), respectively. 3) The Ctrough median in patients with CR, PR and SD (tumor shrinks) was significantly higher than that SD (tumor enlargement) and PD ( P＜0.05). There was significantly difference between CR and PR with SD (tumor shrinks) ( P＜0.05). But there was no significantly difference between CR and PR ( P＞0.05). (Table) 4) The Cpeak median in patients with CR, PR, SD (tumor enlargement) and PD was significantly higher than that SD (tumor shrinks) ( P＜0.05). But there was no significantly difference between CR and PR with SD (tumor enlargement) ( P＞0.05). (Table). Conclusions: The plasma Ctrough of Apatinib can predict the clinical efficacy of patients with solid tumor. Perspective clinical studies with adequate sample size are required to validate our results. [Table: see text]
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Zhang, Xueqi, Yachen Hou, Jingan Li, and Jianfeng Wang. "The Role of Astaxanthin on Chronic Diseases." Crystals 11, no. 5 (May 3, 2021): 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11050505.

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Natural astaxanthin exists widely in algae, fungi, shrimp and crab, and, as a strong antioxidant, has potential effects on cardiovascular diseases, cancer, liver diseases and other physical health diseases. The treatment of many diseases involves the body’s signal transduction to regulate the body’s antioxidant defense system and inflammation. Astaxanthin is usually used as a dietary supplement, which plays an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory role in the organism. This article reviews the structure, source of astaxanthin and how it plays an anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant role in organisms, especially in treating diabetes.
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Yasin, Abdullah, Mst Khadiza Begum, Badhan Saha, Priyanka Dey Suchi, Md Mostavi Enan Eshik, and Mohammad Shamsur Rahman. "Heavy Metals Concentration and Possible Health Risks From Shrimp Nurseries at South-West Region, Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Zoology 48, no. 1 (June 29, 2020): 167–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v48i1.47885.

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Water pollution poses a threat of heavy metal accumulation in aquatic animals. This study was designed to determine the heavy metals contamination in shrimp PL (post larvae) nurseries of Khulna region and associated human health risks. Water (raw sea water, treated and outlet water) and PL samples of five shrimp nurseries of Khulna districts were analyzed to measure the concentrations of six heavy metals (Zn, Cr, Mn, Cu, Pb and Ni) by using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (Model No: AA-7000, Shimadzu). The metal concentrations were higher in almost all PL samples of five nurseries except Mn, which value was below detection level (BDL). Concentrations of Zn and Cu were significantly higher (P<0.05) in PL samples than inlet (raw sea water, treated water) and outlet water samples among five nurseries. The highest value for Cr was found in PL sample (2.95±3.64) ppm but the lowest was in outlet water (0.004±0.004) ppm. The highest value of Pb was found in PL samples (3.48±7.78) ppm and the lowest was in treated water sample (0.54±0.09). The Ni concentration was highest in PL samples (1.71±1.98) ppm while the lowest in both raw seawater (0.01±0.005) ppm and outlet water (0.01±0.004) ppm. In some PL samples, the concentrations of Cr, Cu, Pb and Ni were higher than maximum allowable concentration. The estimated daily intake (EDI) of heavy metals in shrimp PL were followed the order Zn>Cu>Pb>Cr>Ni>Mn. The target hazard quotients (THQ) of PL samples were followed the rank Pb>Cu>Zn>Ni>Cr>Mn. Target cancer risk (TR) of Pb of nursery-2 PL for rural people was 1.1305 × 10-4 while the urban and average TR was 1.4757× 10-4 and 1.2195× 10-4, respectively. The findings of the present study on heavy metal concentrations in PL nurseries indicate the necessities of quality water for prevention of accumulation heavy metals further in shrimp grown-up stages. Proper management strategies should be taken to avoid this risk. Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(1): 167-179, 2020
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POULTER, N. H., and J. E. TREVIÑO. "Acceptability of a canned pâté product based on some Gulf of California shrimp by-catch fish." International Journal of Food Science & Technology 18, no. 3 (June 28, 2007): 361–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1983.tb00279.x.

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Laila, Farida, Dedi Fardiaz, Nancy Dewi Yuliana, M. Rizal M. Damanik, and Fitriya Nur Annisa Dewi. "Methanol Extract of Coleus amboinicus (Lour) Exhibited Antiproliferative Activity and Induced Programmed Cell Death in Colon Cancer Cell WiDr." International Journal of Food Science 2020 (January 25, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9068326.

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Coleus amboinicus(Lour) (CA) has been reported to possess many pharmacological activities. In this study, evaluation of cytotoxicity using brine shrimp lethality bioassay and MTT assay using WiDr cell lines was carried out. The expression of several genes responsible for programmed cell death of the methanol extract of CA was also investigated. The morphology of the cells undergoing apoptosis was detected using Hoechst staining assay. The gene expression of BAX, BCL2, P53, Caspase 1, 7, 8, and 9 of treated samples with different concentrations (10, 15, 25 & 50 µg/ml) were measured with RT PCR. The phytochemical profiles were investigated using LC MS. The results showed that the lethality concentration (LC50) of methanol extract using brine shrimp was 34.545 µg/ml and the extract exhibited good antiproliferative activity against cancer cells WiDr with IC50 value (8.598 ± 2.68 µg/ml) as compared to standard drug 5-fluorouracil (IC50 value 1.839 ± 0.03 µg/ml). There was apoptotic evidences from the morphology of treated cells. The expressions of BAX,P53, and Caspase 9 were upregulated in lower concentration of the extract (10 and 15 µg/ml) but downregulated in higher concentration (25 and 50 µg/ml). BCL2 as anti-apoptotic gene was downregulated in all concentrations. Caspase 1 and Caspase 7 were upregulated in high concentration (25 and 50 µg/ml), but downregulated in lower concentrations. These data provide a mode of cell death for the methanol extract of CA in low concentrations corresponding to apoptosis with intrinsic pathway. Many valuable compounds identified including caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, malic acid, eicosapentanoic acid, benserazide, alpha-linolenic acid, betaine, Salvanolic B, 4-hydroxibenzoic acid and firulic acid have been previously reported as being active agents against many cancer cells. This study suggested that CA might become an effective ingredient for health-beneficial foods to prevent colon cancer.
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Geronimo, Arnold Joseph O., Mari Erika Joi F. Bancual, Karl Anthony L. Ko, Lycon Marie L. Soliba, Jeric John C. Ildefonso, Angelica Mae B. Soriano, Alta Christine Marie M. Tagalog, et al. "Free Radical Scavenging and In vitro Cytotoxic Activity of Bugnay (Antidesma bunius) Leaves Extract against A549 Human Lung Adenocarcinoma and HCT-116 Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines." Indonesian Journal of Cancer Chemoprevention 11, no. 3 (November 18, 2020): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.14499/indonesianjcanchemoprev11iss3pp124-133.

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Cancer is one of the significant causes of mortality worldwide. Studies on antineoplastic drugs focused on natural products have revealed several mechanisms to inhibit cancer cells. Bugnay (Antidesma bunius) leaves showed potentials due to its activity observed against brine shrimp and breast cancer cells. However, there is still limited knowledge about its activity against other human cancer cells. This study focused on determining the phytochemical compounds in A. bunius leaves extract, the free radical scavenging activity of the extract using the Diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, and in vitro cytotoxic activity against two cancer cell lines, namely HCT-116 human colorectal and A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cancer cell lines by using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The phytochemicals identified were unsaturated lactones, flavonoids, phenolics, diterpenes, saponins, tannins, carbohydrates, and reducing sugars. The extract showed significant free radical scavenging activity and a direct correlation of activity with concentration levels. It also exhibited cytotoxic activity against HCT-116 human colorectal and A549 human lung adenocarcinoma. Hence, A. bunius leaves have the potential to be a source of antioxidant and antineoplastic compounds. This warrant further isolation of the compounds for chemotherapeutic purposes.Keywords: Antidesma bunius, Bugnay, Cancer, Cytotoxicity, Radical
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Javed, Tariq, Sana Riaz, Muhammad Uzair, Gulam Mustafa, Ayesha Mohyuddin, and Bashir Ahmad Ch. "Biological activity of Terminalia arjuna on Human Pathogenic Microorganisms." Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 2, no. 1 (January 27, 2016): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.22200/pjpr.2016123-27.

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World’s population relies chiefly on traditional medicinal plants, using their extracts or active constituents. Terminalia arjuna of family Combretaceae reported to be effective as aphrodisiac, expectorant, tonic, styptic, antidysenteric, sweet, acrid, purgative, laxative, astringent, diuretic, astringent, cirrhosis, cardioprotective and cancer treatment. In present study, antibacterial, antifungal, brine shrimp lethality and phytotoxic effect of Terminalia arjuna was performed. Our results showed that methanolic extract of Terminalia arjuna leaves has moderate antifungal effect against Microsporm canis and fruit extract possess good antibacterial activity against Staphylococus aureus and Preudomonas aeroginosa. Moreover, Dichloromethane extract of Terminalia arjuna bark and fruit posses moderate phytotoxic activity.
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45

Suryati, Suryati, Enda Desriansyah Aziz, Mai Efdi, Fatma Sri Wahyuni, and Dira Hefni. "Analysis of the essential oil from Lantana camara leaves and its cytotoxic potential against T-47D breast cancer cells." Jurnal Riset Kimia 12, no. 1 (April 3, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jrk.v12i1.364.

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Lantana camara Linn is a family of Verbenaceae which grows wild and is widespread in various both tropical and sub-tropical countries. Isolation essential oil of the L. camara leaves extracted by hydrodistillation and were analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The results of GC-MS analysis show isocaryophyllene (14.39%), ρ-cymene (8.17 %), β-cubebene (7.8 %), α-pinene (7.64 %), and β-elemene (5.51 %) as the main compound. The cytotoxic activity of the isolated essential oil was highly toxic both to Artemia salina shrimp larvae (LC50 15.92 µg/mL) and to breast cancer cells T-47D (IC50 10.67 µM).
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46

Pliankong, Pawnpirun, Padungsak Suksa-Ard, and Surawit Wannakrairoj. "Chitosan Elicitation for Enhancing of Vincristine and Vinblastine Accumulation in Cell Culture of Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don." Journal of Agricultural Science 10, no. 12 (November 15, 2018): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n12p287.

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Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don is an important herbal plant. There are two important alkaloids, vinblastine and vincristine, use in anti-cancer drugs. In this study production of the two alkaloids was enhanced in C. roseus cell cultures, in a Murashige and Skoog (MS) liquid medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/L 2,4-D, 0.5 mg/L kinetin and 30 g/L sucrose, by adding 0, 50, 100, 250 or 500 mg/L medium molecular weight chitosan or chitosan derived from shrimp shell. After 14 days of culture, the cell suspension at stationary phase in the 100 mg/L medium molecular weight chitosan could produce the highest amounts of vinblastine and vincristine at 4.15 and 5.48 &micro;g/mg cell dry weight, respectively. At the same time, the controls (0 mg/L chitosan) produced the two alkaloids at only 2.43 and 2.49 &micro;g/mg cell dry weight, respectively. For chitosan from shrimp shell, it was found that 100 mg/L chitosan could lead to the highest quantity of 4.09 &micro;g vinblastine/mg cell dry weight. The highest amount of 5.47 &micro;g vincristine/mg cell dry weight was obtained when 250 mg/L chitosan was added.
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47

Cortes, Diego, Saw Hla Myint, Alain Laurens, Reynald Hocquemiller, Michel Leboeuf, and André Cavé. "Corossolone et corossoline, deux nouvelles γ-lactones mono-tétrahydrofuraniques cytotoxiques." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 69, no. 1 (January 1, 1991): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v91-002.

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The fractionation by solvents of the contents of the seeds of Annona muricata (Annonaceae), guided by the toxic activity towards the brine shrimp larva and the KB cancer cells, has enabled us to isolate two new cytotoxic mono-tetrahydrofuran γ-lactones: corossolone 1 and corossolin 2. The structure of these two cytotoxic acetogenins was determined by analysis of the spectral data, NMR and MS in particular. The chemical correlation between 1 and 2 was established by the NaBH4 reduction of corossolone. 1 and 2 constitute the first examples of mono-tetrahydrofuran acetogenins with an unfunctionalized C-4. Key words: Annonaceae, acetogenins, cytotoxicity, soursop, Annona muricata.
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Naim, Sidrotun, Judith K. Brown, and Max L. Nibert. "Genetic diversification of penaeid shrimp infectious myonecrosis virus between Indonesia and Brazil." Virus Research 189 (August 2014): 97–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2014.05.013.

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49

LLOBET, JUAN M., GEMMA FALCÓ, ANA BOCIO, and JOSE L. DOMINGO. "Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons through Consumption of Edible Marine Species in Catalonia, Spain." Journal of Food Protection 69, no. 10 (October 1, 2006): 2493–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-69.10.2493.

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The concentrations of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs; naphthalene, acenaphtylene, acenaphtene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo[a]anthracene, chrysene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene, dibenzo[a,h]anthracene, and benzo[g,h,i]perylene) were determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry in samples of 14 edible marine species (sardine, tuna, anchovy, mackerel, swordfish, salmon, hake, red mullet, sole, cuttlefish, squid, clam, mussel, and shrimp) collected in March and April 2005. These species are widely consumed by the population of Catalonia, Spain. PAH intake was also estimated for eight age and sex groups of this population. Mussel, clam, and shrimp had the highest PAH concentrations (22.4, 21.5, and 15.9 ng/g of fresh weight, respectively). In contrast, sole (2.5 ng/g of fresh weight) and cuttlefish and squid (both 3.0 ng/g of fresh weight) had the lowest mean concentrations. The highest PAH intake was found in women and girls (5.3 and 5.2 ng/kg/day, respectively), but female adolescents and female seniors had the lowest PAH intakes (3.3 ng/kg/day in both groups). The intake of benzo[a]pyrene and six other PAHs that are probably human carcinogens through consumption of these marine species would be associated with 0.27/106 increase in the risk of development of cancer over a 70-year life span.
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Lindley, J. A., and S. D. Batten. "Distribution and seasonal cycles of decapod crustacean larvae in Continuous Plankton Records from the North Pacific Ocean." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 88, no. 3 (May 2008): 443–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315408000829.

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Decapoda taken in Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) samples from the Pacific in 1997 and 2000–2003 have been identified and measured. Some previously un-described larval stages were referred to species and characteristics of these are described. Distributions and seasonal occurrence of decapod taxa in the samples are described and discussed with particular emphasis on the dendrobranchiate shrimp Sergestes similis and the brachyurans Cancer spp. and Chionoecetes spp. There is a prolonged larval season at low levels of abundance off the Californian coast but in the more northern waters there is a shorter productive period but numbers of larvae per sample are high, particularly in June. Larvae of Chionoecetes and other Oregoninae were found only from May to July.
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