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Journal articles on the topic 'Canopy density'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Azadeh, Abdollahnejad, Panagiotidis Dimitrios, and Surový Peter. "Forest canopy density assessment using different approaches – Review." Journal of Forest Science 63, No. 3 (2017): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/110/2016-jfs.

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Crown canopy is a significant regulator of forest, affecting microclimate, soil conditions and having an undeniable role in a forest ecosystem. Among the different materials and approaches that have been used for the estimation of crown canopy, satellite based methods are among the most successful methods regarding cost-saving efforts and different kinds of options for measuring the crown canopy. Different types of satellite sensors can result in different outputs due to their various spectral and spatial resolution, even when using the same methodologies. The aim of this review is to assess d

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2

Levy, Amit, Taylor Livingston, Chunxia Wang, Diann Achor, and Tripti Vashisth. "Canopy Density, but Not Bacterial Titers, Predicts Fruit Yield in Huanglongbing-Affected Sweet Orange Trees." Plants 12, no. 2 (2023): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12020290.

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In Florida, almost all citrus trees are affected with Huanglongbing (HLB), caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas). We characterized various parameters of HLB-affected sweet orange trees in response to yield-improving nutritional treatment, including canopy volume, canopy density and CLas Ct values, and found that the treatment improved yield and maintained canopy density for over three years, whereas untreated HLB-affected trees declined in canopy density. The nutritional treatment did not affect CLas titer or the tree canopy volume suggesting that canopy density is a better indica

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3

Ashaari, Faisal, Muhammad Kamal, and Dede Dirgahayu. "COMPARISON OF MODEL ACCURACY IN TREE CANOPY DENSITY ESTIMATION USING SINGLE BAND, VEGETATION INDICES AND FOREST CANOPY DENSITY (FCD) BASED ON LANDSAT-8 IMAGERY (CASE STUDY: PEAT SWAMP FOREST IN RIAU PROVINCE)." International Journal of Remote Sensing and Earth Sciences (IJReSES) 15, no. 1 (2018): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.30536/j.ijreses.2018.v15.a2845.

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Identification of a tree canopy density information may use remote sensing data such as Landsat-8 imagery. Remote sensing technology such as digital image processing methods could be used to estimate the tree canopy density. The purpose of this research was to compare the results of accuracy of each method for estimating the tree canopy density and determine the best method for mapping the tree canopy density at the site of research. The methods used in the estimation of the tree canopy density are Single band (green, red, and near-infrared band), vegetation indices (NDVI, SAVI, and MSARVI), a

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4

Adinugroho, Wahyu Catur, Lilik Budi Prasetyo, Cecep Kusmana, and Haruni Krisnawati. "Spatial-temporal forest canopy density in Indonesia’s new capital city and its surrounding area." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1266, no. 1 (2023): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1266/1/012001.

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Abstract Monitoring the condition of the forest in Indonesia’s New Capital City, Nusantara (IKN), and the surrounding area as a buffer is crucial to realizing the Forest City concept. Forest canopy density can be used to understand and measure forest conditions using satellite imagery efficiently. The main objective of this study was to investigate the spatial-temporal dynamic alterations of forest canopy density across IKN and its buffer. Forest canopy density is based on Landsat 8 imagery for 2015-2020, processed in the cloud using the Google Earth Engine (GEE) and compared using a hemispher

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5

Ou, Mingxiong, Tianhang Hu, Mingshuo Hu, et al. "Experiment of Canopy Leaf Area Density Estimation Method Based on Ultrasonic Echo Signal." Agriculture 12, no. 10 (2022): 1569. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12101569.

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Variable-rate spray systems with canopy leaf area density information detection are an important approach to reducing pesticide usage in orchard management. In order to estimate the canopy leaf area density using ultrasonic sensors, this article proposed three parameter model equations based on ultrasonic echo peaks for canopy leaf area density estimation and verified the accuracy of the three parameter model equations using laboratory-simulated canopy and outdoor tree experiments. The orthogonal regression statistics results from the laboratory-simulated canopy experiment indicated that param

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Andreu, Anne G., John I. Blake, and Stanley J. Zarnoch. "Estimating canopy fuel characteristics for predicting crown fire potential in common forest types of the Atlantic Coastal Plain, USA." International Journal of Wildland Fire 27, no. 11 (2018): 742. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf18025.

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We computed four stand-level canopy stratum variables important for crown fire modelling – canopy cover, stand height, canopy base height and canopy bulk density – from forest inventory data. We modelled the relationship between the canopy variables and a set of common inventory parameters – site index, stem density, basal area, stand age or stand height – and number of prescribed burns. We used a logistic model to estimate canopy cover, a linear model to estimate the other canopy variables, and the information theoretic approach for model selection. Coefficients of determination across five f

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Saito, Waka, Koji Kawamura, and Hiroshi Takeda. "Relative importance of overstory canopy openness and seedling density on crown morphology and growth of Acer nipponicum seedlings." Botany 90, no. 11 (2012): 1152–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b2012-079.

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We investigated the effects of overstory canopy openness and seedling density on seedling morphology and growth in the mid-successional species Acer nipponicum Hara in a cool-temperate forest. Studied seedlings were 46 seedlings of 30–160 cm height, and their overstory canopy openness ranged between 7.2% and 17.0%. Seedling density, measured as the number of conspecific neighboring seedlings within a 50 cm radius of the target seedling, ranged between 0 and 19. There were no significant correlations between seedling height, canopy openness, and seedling density. Multiple regression analysis sh

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8

Umarhadi, Deha Agus, and Akbar Muammar. "Regression model accuracy comparison on mangrove canopy density mapping." Digital Press Physical Sciences and Engineering 1 (2018): 00001. http://dx.doi.org/10.29037/digitalpress.11249.

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<p class="Abstract">Mangrove canopy density condition is often considered in the coastal environment management, so that the accurate data of spatial distribution of mangrove canopy density is needed. This condition need to be studied further related to methods in the mangrove canopy density mapping. However, did not much research compare the mapping accuracy about mangrove canopy density using vegetation index and the combination of statistical regression models, especially using Sentinel-2A satellite imagery. The purpose of this study is to compare the accuracy of mangrove canopy densi

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9

Sembiring, S. S. B., R. Hermawan, and S. B. Rushayati. "The concentration of CO₂ on two canopy densities in Taman Kota 1 Bumi Serpong Damai, South Tangerang." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 918, no. 1 (2021): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/918/1/012008.

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Abstract Global warming occurs because many greenhouse gases (GHG) retain heat from the earth, which causes the earth’s surface temperature to increase. The GHG contributing most to global warming is carbon dioxide (CO2) due to its highest atmosphere concentration and long life span. The increasing CO2 concentrations in urban areas are caused by transportation and industrial activities. City parks with high tree densities are the potential to reduce CO2 concentration. However, studies related to tree canopy density in reducing CO2 concentrations have not been widely carried out. This study aim

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10

Arya*, Neeta, and Jeet Ram. "Influence of canopy cover on vegetation in P. roxburghii sarg (chir-pine) dominated forests in Uttarakhand Himalaya, India." International Journal of Bioassays 5, no. 06 (2016): 4617. http://dx.doi.org/10.21746/ijbio.2016.06.006.

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Increasing anthropogenic pressure and dependence on plant products have led to widespread exploitation of natural forests in the Uttaranchal Himalaya. The present study was carried out to study the influence of canopy cover on tree, shrub and herb vegetation. For this three different canopy types, open canopy (<30%, cover), moderate canopy (30-60%, cover) and close canopy (>60%, cover) were identified in Pinus roxburghii (chir-pine) dominated forests. The study area is located between 290 20’and 290 30’ N latitude and 790 23’ and 790 42’ E longitude between 1350-2000m elevations in Uttar

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11

Paudel, Achyut, Manoj Karkee, Joseph R. Davidson, and Cindy Grimm. "Canopy Density Estimation of Apple Trees." IFAC-PapersOnLine 55, no. 32 (2022): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2022.11.126.

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12

Brygadyrenko, Viktor V. "Effect of canopy density on litter invertebrate community structure in pine forests." Ekológia (Bratislava) 35, no. 1 (2016): 90–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eko-2016-0007.

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Abstract We investigated the structure of the litter invertebrate community in 141 pine (Pinus sylvestris Linnaeus, 1753) forest sites with five variants of canopy density (30-44, 45-59, 60-74, 75-89 and 90-100%) in the steppe zone of Ukraine. The total number of litter macrofauna specimens collected at each site decreased from an average of 84/100 trap-days in the sparsest stands (30-40% density) to 4-39 specimens/100 trap-days in the forests with a denser canopy. The number of macrofauna species caught in the pitfall traps does not vary significantly with different degrees of canopy density.

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13

Keane, Robert E., Elizabeth D. Reinhardt, Joe Scott, Kathy Gray, and James Reardon. "Estimating forest canopy bulk density using six indirect methods." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 35, no. 3 (2005): 724–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x04-213.

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Canopy bulk density (CBD) is an important crown characteristic needed to predict crown fire spread, yet it is difficult to measure in the field. Presented here is a comprehensive research effort to evaluate six indirect sampling techniques for estimating CBD. As reference data, detailed crown fuel biomass measurements were taken on each tree within fixed-area plots located in five important conifers types in the western United States, using destructive sampling following a series of four sampling stages to measure the vertical and horizontal distribution of canopy biomass. The six ground-based

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14

Danková, Lucia, and M. Saniga. "Canopy gaps and tree regeneration patterns in multi-species unmanaged natural forest Sitno (preliminary results)." Beskydy 6, no. 1 (2013): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/beskyd201306010017.

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The study of canopy gaps structure and tree regeneration patterns was conducted in mixed old-growth forest Sitno. We asked the following questions: What is the spatial scale of disturbance events? How does gap size affect the density of tree seedlings and saplings? Are there any differences in species composition of seedlings and saplings between the closed canopy and expanded gap? The research was conducted on a 2.5-ha (250 × 100 m) research plot. In total, 25 canopy openings were recorded. Canopy gaps and expanded gaps covered 22.8 % and 59.5 % of the research area. The most frequent were ca

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15

Engelstad, Peder S., Michael Falkowski, Peter Wolter, Aaron Poznanovic, and Patty Johnson. "Estimating Canopy Fuel Attributes from Low-Density LiDAR." Fire 2, no. 3 (2019): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire2030038.

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Simulations of wildland fire risk are dependent on the accuracy and relevance of spatial data inputs describing drivers of wildland fire, including canopy fuels. Spatial data are freely available at national and regional levels. However, the spatial resolution and accuracy of these types of products often are insufficient for modeling local conditions. Fortunately, active remote sensing techniques can produce accurate, high-resolution estimates of forest structure. Here, low-density LiDAR and field-based data were combined using randomForest k-nearest neighbor imputation (RF-kNN) to estimate c

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16

Sulistiyono, N., R. Syafitri, and S. A. Hudjimartsu. "Application of sentinel 2A sattelite imagery for the estimation of canopy cover spatial distribution at mangrove vegetation." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 977, no. 1 (2022): 012092. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/977/1/012092.

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Abstract Mangrove canopy density is one of the important variables for monitoring the health of mangrove vegetation. The vegetation index in satellite imagery is one of the variables that can be used to estimate the distribution of mangrove forest canopy cover. This study aims to predict the distribution of canopy cover of mangrove planted in Lubuk Kertang. The method used is regression analysis by connecting the NDVI value in the Sentinel 2A satellite image with the canopy density value in the field. Measurement of canopy cover in the field using a fisheye camera. The use of GIS is used to de

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17

Eensalu, Eve, Priit Kupper, Arne Sellin, Märt Rahi, Anu Sõber, and Olevi Kull. "Do stomata operate at the same relative opening range along a canopy profile of Betula pendula?" Functional Plant Biology 35, no. 2 (2008): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp07258.

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Stomatal density and size were measured along the light gradient of a Betula pendula Roth. canopy in relation to microclimatic conditions. The theoretical stomatal conductance was calculated using stomatal density and dimensions to predict to what degree stomatal conductance is related to anatomical properties and relative stomatal opening. Stomatal density was higher and leaf area smaller in the upper canopy, whereas epidermal cell density did not change significantly along the canopy light gradient, indicating that stomatal initiation is responsible for differences in stomatal density. Stoma

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Weiser, Michael D., Nathan J. Sanders, Donat Agosti, et al. "Canopy and litter ant assemblages share similar climate–species density relationships." Biology Letters 6, no. 6 (2010): 769–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2010.0151.

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Tropical forest canopies house most of the globe's diversity, yet little is known about global patterns and drivers of canopy diversity. Here, we present models of ant species density, using climate, abundance and habitat (i.e. canopy versus litter) as predictors. Ant species density is positively associated with temperature and precipitation, and negatively (or non-significantly) associated with two metrics of seasonality, precipitation seasonality and temperature range. Ant species density was significantly higher in canopy samples, but this difference disappeared once abundance was consider

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19

Pratama, I. Gede Merta Yoga, I. Wayan Gede Astawa Karang, and Yulianto Suteja. "Distribusi Spasial Kerapatan Mangrove Menggunakan Citra Sentinel-2A Di TAHURA Ngurah Rai Bali." Journal of Marine and Aquatic Sciences 5, no. 2 (2019): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jmas.2019.v05.i02.p05.

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The mangrove forest of TAHURA Ngurah Rai is one of the mangrove ecosystems in Bali that suffered damages and density changes due to natural factors and human activities. Remote sensing is one of the technology that can be used to estimate the density of mangrove canopy in TAHURA Ngurah Rai. The purpose of this study was to find the best vegetation index for estimating mangrove canopy density out and map it spatially using Sentinel-2A image. The method of this research is using vegetation index NDVI, EVI and mRE-SR to estimate mangrove canopy density. Field data was collected using Stratified R

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Ou, Mingxiong, Yong Zhang, Zhiyong Yu, Jiayao Zhang, Weidong Jia, and Xiang Dong. "Research on Leaf Area Density Detection in Orchard Canopy Using LiDAR Technology." Applied Sciences 15, no. 13 (2025): 7411. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15137411.

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Precise detection of canopy parameters is vital as it offers essential information for pest management in orchards. Among these parameters, leaf area density stands out as a key indicator of orchard canopies. A detection algorithm for leaf area density was proposed, and a leaf area density detection system for orchard canopies was designed based on the algorithm. By processing the point cloud data acquired by using LiDAR together with the algorithm, the total leaf area of the fitted leaves was calculated. Through an orthogonal regression experiment conducted on a laboratory-simulated canopy, t

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Zhang, Taijin, Xiaoting Liu, Qinhui Zhang, et al. "Novel Patterns of Photosynthetic Activity Within Canopies of Poplar Stands with Different Densities." Plants 14, no. 6 (2025): 898. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14060898.

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(1) Background: Planting density is an important factor affecting the yield of poplar per unit area. Therefore, determining the optimal height of the photosynthetic canopy layer for different planting densities is critical. (2) Methods: This study takes Populus euramericana ‘N3016’ × Populus ussuriensis as the research object. According to on the average tree height, diameter at breast height, and crown width of the stand, one standard tree was selected from each planting density for the experiment. The canopy of the standard tree was divided into five canopy layers from top to bottom, and the

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Flukes, EB, CR Johnson, and JT Wright. "Thinning of kelp canopy modifies understory assemblages: the importance of canopy density." Marine Ecology Progress Series 514 (November 6, 2014): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps10964.

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23

Putra, Bagas Utomo, Anak Agung Keswari Krisnandika, and I. Made Agus Dharmadiatmika. "Pengaruh Kombinasi Kerapatan Kanopi Pohon terhadap Kenyamanan Termal di Lapangan Puputan Margarana, Denpasar." Jurnal Lanskap Indonesia 14, no. 1 (2022): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jli.v14i1.38646.

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Puputan Margarana as a city park is used as a public space that can accommodate outdoor activities for its users. Comfort is an important factor consider for users to conduct activity inside. User comfort level can be measured using the thermal humidity index formula based on the temperature and humidity variables. The temperature and humidity can be influenced by the presence of vegetation, especially trees. Differences in tree species composition will cause differences in the canopy density formed. This study aims to identify the effect of the combined tree canopy density on thermal comfort.

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Zikri, Muhammad, and Reki Kardiman. "Struktur Tegakan dan Tutupan Kanopi Ekosistem Hutan dan Parak di Kecamatan Lubuk Kilangan Kota Padang." Algoritma : Jurnal Matematika, Ilmu pengetahuan Alam, Kebumian dan Angkasa 2, no. 4 (2024): 01–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.62383/algoritma.v2i4.66.

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This study aimed to determine the stand structure and tree canopy cover in forest and parak ecosystems in Lubuk Kilangan District, Padang City. This is a descriptive research with a direct observation throught purposive random sampling method. Data were collected by making six of 20 x 20 m plots in each primary forest and parak ecosystem. Tree diameters ≥10 cm were measured in each plot and canopy cover were collected using the Hemispherical Photography method using a mobile phone front camera equipped with a fish-eye lens. Data were analyzed in terms of stand density, basal area, Stand Basal

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Umarhadi, Deha Agus, and Projo Danoedoro. "Comparing canopy density measurement from UAV and hemispherical photography: an evaluation for medium resolution of remote sensing-based mapping." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 11, no. 1 (2021): 356. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v11i1.pp356-364.

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UAV and hemispherical photography are common methods used in canopy density measurement. These two methods have opposite viewing angles where hemispherical photography measures canopy density upwardly, while UAV captures images downwardly. This study aims to analyze and compare both methods to be used as the input data for canopy density estimation when linked with a lower spatial resolution of remote sensing data i.e. Landsat image. We correlated the field data of canopy density with vegetation indices (NDVI, MSAVI, and AFRI) from Landsat-8. The canopy density values measured from UAV and hem

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Deha, Agus Umarhadi, and Danoedoro Projo. "Comparing canopy density measurement from UAV and hemispherical photography: an evaluation for medium resolution of remote sensing-based mapping." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 11, no. 1 (2021): 356–64. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v11i1.pp356-364.

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UAV and hemispherical photography are common methods used in canopy density measurement. These two methods have opposite viewing angles where hemispherical photography measures canopy density upwardly, while UAV captures images downwardly. This study aims to analyze and compare both methods to be used as the input data for canopy density estimation when linked with a lower spatial resolution of remote sensing data i.e. Landsat image. We correlated the field data of canopy density with vegetation indices (NDVI, MSAVI, and AFRI) from Landsat-8. The canopy density values measured from UAV and hem

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Teti, Patrick. "Relations between peak snow accumulation and canopy density." Forestry Chronicle 79, no. 2 (2003): 307–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc79307-2.

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Snow was monitored for five years in plots from which 30% of the timber had been previously removed in the form of group selection and in an unlogged control at a sub-alpine site in British Columbia. Average peak snow water equivalents (SWE) ranged from 38 to 52 cm and occurred between late March and mid-April. Canopy density was measured in circular areas of sky in 10-degree increments from the zenith to the horizon. The optimum parameter for explaining the variability of peak SWE was canopy density within a 60- to 80-degree-wide cone. Results suggest that where openings are 1 ha or less, pea

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Jain, Theresa B., Russell T. Graham, and Penelope Morgan. "Western white pine growth relative to forest openings." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 34, no. 11 (2004): 2187–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x04-094.

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In northern Rocky Mountains moist forests, timber harvesting, fire exclusion, and an introduced stem disease have contributed to the decline in western white pine (Pinus monticola Dougl. ex D. Don) abundance (from 90% to 10% of the area). Relations between canopy openings (0.1–15 ha) and western white pine growth within different physical settings are identified. Objectives include relating western white pine seedling and sapling growth to canopy opening attributes (defined by fisheye photography), identifying western white pine competitive thresholds (occupancy, competitive advantage, free-to

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Japa, Lalu, Karnan Karnan, and Didik Santoso. "Community of Mangrove Category Tree and Sapling in The Sekotong Bay, West Lombok." Jurnal Biologi Tropis 21, no. 2 (2021): 441. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v21i2.2698.

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Community of mangrove in the Bay of Sekotong, West Lombok was studied to know the species composition, individual density of each species, and percentage covering of mangrove canopy. Total 28 plots of 10 m x 10 m were set in 9 transects in 5 stations. Photographs of canopy covering and mangrove community composition were analyzed by using software ImageJ and template spreadsheet 10x10, the new version of March 2018. The community of mangrove of Sekotong bay, West Lombok consists of 8 species, 5 genera, and 4 families. Rhizophora apiculata & Rhizophora stylosa were recorded in seven of nine

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Himayah, Shafira, Hartono Hartono, and Projo Danoedoro. "Pemanfaatan Citra Landsat 8 Multitemporal dan Model Forest Canopy Density (FCD) untuk Analisis Perubahan Kerapatan Kanopi Hutan di Kawasan Fakultas Geografi Universitas Gadjah Mada Gunung Kelud, Jawa Timur." Majalah Geografi Indonesia 31, no. 1 (2017): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/mgi.24236.

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Penginderaan jauh memiliki keunggulan dalam hal resolusi temporal yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk meneliti perubahan suatu obyek dalam waktu yang berbeda. Hutan Gunung Kelud mengalami perubahan setelah erupsi tahun 2014. Perubahan tersebut dapat dianalisis dengan memanfaatkan teknologi penginderaan jauh melalui citra multitemporal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kemampuan citra Landsat 8 multitemporal dan Forest Canopy Density (FCD) untuk perubahan kerapatan kanopi di Hutan Lindung Gunung Kelud sebelum dan sesudah erupsi tahun 2014.Citra penginderaan jauh yang digunakan adalah citra Lan

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Tombesi, S., and D. Farinelli. "Canopy management in super high-density olive orchards: relationship between canopy light penetration, canopy size and productivity." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1177 (November 2017): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2017.1177.9.

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Shin, Patrick, Temuulen Sankey, Margaret Moore, and Andrea Thode. "Evaluating Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Images for Estimating Forest Canopy Fuels in a Ponderosa Pine Stand." Remote Sensing 10, no. 8 (2018): 1266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10081266.

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Forests in the Southwestern United States are becoming increasingly susceptible to large wildfires. As a result, forest managers are conducting forest fuel reduction treatments for which spatial fuels and structure information are necessary. However, this information currently has coarse spatial resolution and variable accuracy. This study tested the feasibility of using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery to estimate forest canopy fuels and structure in a southwestern ponderosa pine stand. UAV-based multispectral images and Structure-from-Motion point clouds were used to estimate canopy cov

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Pankaj Gupta, NPS Sirohi, S Rengasamy, and KP Vidhu. "Effect of Air Assistance, Leaf Area Density and Forward Speed on Spray Deposition in Simulated Crop Canopy." Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India) 41, no. 2 (2004): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.52151/jae2004412.1078.

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Efficacy of pesticides spraying is influenced by target canopy characteristics, spray equipment, mode of operation and properties of chemical. A simulated crop canopy was constructed to study effect of air velocity, leaf area density (LAD) and forward speed on deposition characteristics of an air assisted spraying system. Results showed that droplet size and droplet density on under side of the canopy was less than that on the upper side. The Air velocity, LAD and forward speed significantly influenced the droplet density on the canopy. While, higher velocities of air stream decreased the spra

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Anurogo, Wenang, Muhammad Zainuddin Lubis, and Mir'atul Khusna Mufida. "Modified Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index In Multispectral Remote Sensing Data for Estimating Tree Canopy Cover Density at Rubber Plantation." Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology 3, no. 1 (2018): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24273/jgeet.2018.3.01.1003.

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Forest inventories such as tree canopy density information require a long time and high costs, especially on extensive forest coverage. Remote sensing technology that directly captures the surface vegetation character with extensive recording coverage can be used as an alternative to carrying out such inventory activities. This research aims to determine the level of vegetation canopy cover density on rubber plants that became the location of the research and know the accuracy of the resulting data. The method used in this research is a combination of remote sensing image interpretation, geogr

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Kay, Heather, Maurizio Santoro, Oliver Cartus, Pete Bunting, and Richard Lucas. "Exploring the Relationship between Forest Canopy Height and Canopy Density from Spaceborne LiDAR Observations." Remote Sensing 13, no. 24 (2021): 4961. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13244961.

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Forest structure is a useful proxy for carbon stocks, ecosystem function and species diversity, but it is not well characterised globally. However, Earth observing sensors, operating in various modes, can provide information on different components of forests enabling improved understanding of their structure and variations thereof. The Ice, Cloud and Elevation Satellite (ICESat) Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS), providing LiDAR footprints from 2003 to 2009 with close to global coverage, can be used to capture elements of forest structure. Here, we evaluate a simple allometric model th

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Lim, K., C. Hopkinson, and P. Treitz. "Examining the effects of sampling point densities on laser canopy height and density metrics." Forestry Chronicle 84, no. 6 (2008): 876–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc84876-6.

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Forest resource managers rely on the information extracted from forest resource inventories to manage forests sustainably and efficiently, thereby supporting more precise decision-making. Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is a relatively new technology that has proven to enhance forest resource inventories. However, the relationship between LiDAR sampling point density (which is directly related to acquisition and processing costs) and accuracy and precision of forest variable estimation has not yet been established across a range of forest ecosystems. In this study, 2 airborne LiDAR surveys

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Mahmud, Kare, Paula Ibell, Carole Wright, Zac Scobell, John Wilkie, and Ian Bally. "Light Relation in Intensive Mango Orchards." Proceedings 36, no. 1 (2020): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019036122.

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The amount of light intercepted by a tree and its distribution within the canopy is critical in optimizing tree photosynthesis efficiency, carbon partitioning and productivity. Here we compare light relations in experimental high-density mango orchard systems with current commercial orchards. A baseline study of current commercial mango orchards showed a maximum light interception of approximately 67% was reached in trees aged between 26-31 years old, with canopy volume of approximately 15,187 m3/ha. Light interception did not significantly increase beyond 67% regardless of increase in canopy

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Ji, Yongjie, Jimao Huang, Yilin Ju, Shipeng Guo, and Cairong Yue. "Forest structure dependency analysis of L-band SAR backscatter." PeerJ 8 (September 30, 2020): e10055. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10055.

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Forest structure plays an important role in forest biomass inversion using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) backscatter. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sensors with long-wavelength have the potentiality to provide reliable and timely forest biomass inversion for their ability of deep penetration into the forest. L-band SAR backscatter shows useful for forest above-ground biomass (AGB) estimation. However, the way that forest structure mediating the biomass-backscatter affects the improvement of the related biomass estimation accuracy. In this paper, we have investigated L-band SAR backscatter se

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Huffman, Ronald D., Mary Ann Fajvan, and Petra Bohall Wood. "Effects of residual overstory on aspen development in Minnesota." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 29, no. 2 (1999): 284–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x98-202.

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The effects of different amounts of residual canopy on stand development of quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) were examined in a chronosequence of 32 stands spanning 6-10 years since harvest. Residual canopy covers ranged from 0 to 65%, and residual basal areas ranged from 0 to 14.4 m2/ha. Aspen regeneration densities ranged from 7130 to 43 672 stems/ha. Regeneration stem density was affected primarily by residual canopy cover (R2 = 0.27, P = 0.0001) and secondarily by stand age (R2 = 0.09, P = 0.004). Aspen density decreased significantly with increasing residual canopy cover for 7-y

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Nandy, S., P. K. Joshi, and K. K. Das. "Forest canopy density stratification using biophysical modeling." Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing 31, no. 4 (2003): 291–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03007349.

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Livingston, Taylor, Amit Levy, and Tripti Vashisth. "A Simple Low-cost Method for Accurate Canopy Density Evaluation of Citrus." HortScience 58, no. 7 (2023): 747–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci17112-23.

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The use of canopy density for crop production is a useful tool for evaluating management practices for informed decision-making and predicting crop yields. Traditional methods for analyzing canopy density include expensive equipment that requires advanced software and costly repairs, such as leaf area index analyzers, or equipment that can only be used during optimal weather conditions, such as light meters, that quantify photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), thus making it difficult for researchers to maximize the time needed for field research evaluations and data collection. Digital im

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Rosati, Adolfo, Damiano Marchionni, Dario Mantovani, Luigi Ponti, and Franco Famiani. "Intercepted Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) and Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Transmitted PAR under High-Density and Super High-Density Olive Orchards." Agriculture 11, no. 4 (2021): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11040351.

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We quantified the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) interception in a high-density (HD) and a super high-density (SHD) or hedgerow olive system, by measuring the PAR transmitted under the canopy along transects at increasing distance from the tree rows. Transmitted PAR was measured every minute, then cumulated over the day and the season. The frequencies of the different PAR levels occurring during the day were calculated. SHD intercepted significantly but slightly less overall PAR than HD (0.57 ± 0.002 vs. 0.62 ± 0.03 of the PAR incident above the canopy) but had a much greater spatia

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Gaskin, R. E., D. W. Manktelow, S. Cook, W. A. May, and R. M. Van_Leeuwen. "Effects of canopy density on spray deposition in kiwifruit." New Zealand Plant Protection 66 (January 8, 2013): 194–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2013.66.5607.

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A study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of canopy density on efficiency of spray deposition on kiwifruit pergola canopies A dense canopy was pruned to also provide medium and lighter density canopies Airblast sprays (water fluorescent dye) were applied in typical dilute application volumes to the three canopies Deposits were measured at four height positions through the canopy in both the centreofrow and leader zones Mean deposits on the dense canopy (at 2000 litres/ha) were inadequate and lowest in all zones; approximately 40 less than the medium (1500 litres/ha) and light (1000 litres

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Olien, W. C., R. E. Williamson, C. E. Hood, D. R. Decoteau, and D. C. Coston. "INTERACTION OF TRAINING SYSTEM, SUMMER PRUNING AND ROOT PRUNING ON YIELD AND CANOPY DENSITY OF PEACH." HortScience 27, no. 11 (1992): 1168g—1168. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.11.1168g.

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Factorial combinations of ± root pruning (RP) and ± summer pruning (SP) were initiated in 1991 as subplots within a Redhaven/Lovell study of orchard training systems: Open Center (OC), Y-Trellis (YT), Central Leader (CL), and Meadow Orchard (MO) established in 1985. Root pruning was imposed at bloom (March 28) at 76 cm from the trunk to a depth of 45 cm. Summer pruning consisted of preharvest removal of water sprouts (June 5). Canopy density, quantified by transmittance of PAR radiation through the canopy, was greatest in OC and MO and least in YT and CL systems. SP and RP treatments further r

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Kabakoff, Randy P., and Robin L. Chazdon. "Effects of canopy species dominance on understorey light availability in low-elevation secondary forest stands in Costa Rica." Journal of Tropical Ecology 12, no. 6 (1996): 779–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467400010038.

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ABSTRACTThe effect of canopy species dominance on understorey light availability in secondary forests was examined for Pentaclethra macroloba and Goethalsia meiantha, two common tree species with contrasting canopy architecture at La Selva Biological Station in the Atlantic lowlands of Costa Rica. In each of six 12- to 16-year-old successional stands dominated by one of these species, relative abundance and basal area of the focal species were determined within a 20 m × 50 m plot. Light availability at 1 m height was measured within each plot using a Licor-2000 Plant Canopy Analyzer at 27 loca

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Bateman, Tyler J., and Scott E. Nielsen. "Direct and Indirect Effects of Overstory Canopy and Sex-Biased Density Dependence on Reproduction in the Dioecious Shrub Shepherdia canadensis (Elaeagnaceae)." Diversity 12, no. 1 (2020): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12010037.

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This study assessed the reproductive success of a temperate dioecious shrub, Canada buffaloberry, Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt., in central Alberta, Canada, by examining the effects of spatial patterns and overstory canopy on flower and fruit production. S. canadensis is more abundant and productive (more fruit) at forest edges and in forest gaps, suggesting a dependence on higher light conditions than is typical of late-seral forests. We used path analysis to demonstrate that flower and fruit production exhibited density-dependent effects at a scale of 50 m2 around focal female plants. Fru

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Fidalgo-González, L. A., S. Arellano-Pérez, J. G. Álvarez-González, F. Castedo-Dorado, A. D. Ruiz-González, and E. González-Ferreiro. "Estimación de la distribución vertical de combustibles finos del dosel de copas en masas de Pinus sylvestris empleando datos LiDAR de baja densidad." Revista de Teledetección, no. 53 (June 27, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/raet.2019.11241.

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<p>Canopy fuel load, canopy bulk density and canopy base height are structural variables used to predict crown fire initiation and spread. Direct measurement of these variables is not functional, and they are usually estimated indirectly by modelling. Advances in fire behaviour modelling require accurate and landscape scale estimates of the complete vertical distribution of canopy fuels. The goal of the present study is to model the vertical profile of available canopy fuels in Scots pine stands by using data from the Spanish national forest inventory and low-density LiDAR data (0.5 firs

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Botequim, Brigite, Paulo M. Fernandes, José G. Borges, Eduardo González-Ferreiro, and Juan Guerra-Hernández. "Improving silvicultural practices for Mediterranean forests through fire behaviour modelling using LiDAR-derived canopy fuel characteristics." International Journal of Wildland Fire 28, no. 11 (2019): 823. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf19001.

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Wildfires cause substantial environmental and socioeconomic impacts and threaten many Spanish forested landscapes. We describe how LiDAR-derived canopy fuel characteristics and spatial fire simulation can be integrated with stand metrics to derive models describing fire behaviour. We assessed the potential use of very-low-density airborne LiDAR (light detection and ranging) data to estimate canopy fuel characteristics in south-western Spain Mediterranean forests. Forest type-specific equations were used to estimate canopy fuel attributes, namely stand height, canopy base height, fuel load, bul

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Aragon-Rodriguez, Fernando, António B. Dias, Anacleto Pinheiro, José Peça, Ivo Lourenço Días, and Sergio Castro-Garcia. "Assessment of a Side-Row Continuous Canopy Shaking Harvester and Its Adaptability to the Portuguese Cobrançosa Variety in High-Density Olive Orchards." Sensors 23, no. 3 (2023): 1740. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23031740.

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The olive tree is an important crop in Portugal, where different levels of intensification coexist. The traditional olive orchards present profitability problems, mainly due to harvesting, so there has been a drastic reconversion towards high-density or super-high-density olive orchards. The latter present major constraints due to very specific needs for their use, being practically destined for new orchards. Consequently, the possibility of using systems based on canopy shakers in high-density olive orchards with local varieties is promising. The objective of this work is to evaluate a protot

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Dzikrillah, F. D., M. T. S. Budiastuti, and Sugihardjo. "Analysis of the role of plant canopy on hydrological systems." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 905, no. 1 (2021): 012116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/905/1/012116.

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Abstract High rainfall intensity causing high erosion rates in Indonesia. Land cover conditions greatly determine water degradation in the hydrological cycle. The shape and type of plants canopy have significant effect on soil structure and water absorption. This study aimed to examine the role of plant canopy on the value of rainwater canopy escape as a supporter of hydrological cycle. Tree species were determined based on the level of dominance at study site using transect method. The dominant trees are Sea Sengon Tree (Paraserianthes falcataria), Teak Tree (Tectona grandis), Suren Tree (Too

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