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Journal articles on the topic 'Cap stimulation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 19 February 2022

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1

MOLLET, LIES, ROBRECHT RAEDT, JEAN DELBEKE, et al. "ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES FROM VAGUS NERVE STIMULATION IN RATS." International Journal of Neural Systems 23, no. 06 (2013): 1350027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129065713500275.

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The mechanism of action of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) for pharmacoresistant epilepsy is unknown and the therapeutic outcome is highly variable. We investigated stimulation-induced vagus nerve electrophysiological responses in rats using various stimulation parameters. Conduction velocity, I 50, rheobase and chronaxie were calculated. We identified an early and late component corresponding to an afferent compound action potential (CAP) and a remote laryngeal motor-evoked potential (LMEP), respectively. The conduction velocity (CAP: 26.2 ± 1.4 m/s; LMEP: 32.4 ± 2.4 m/s) and I 50 (CAP: 2.4 ± 0

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2

OHASHI, TOORU. "CAP restoration process after precedent stimulation." AUDIOLOGY JAPAN 41, no. 5 (1998): 517–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4295/audiology.41.517.

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3

Ota, Y., D. L. Oliver, and D. F. Dolan. "Frequency-Specific Effects on Cochlear Responses During Activation of the Inferior Colliculus in the Guinea Pig." Journal of Neurophysiology 91, no. 5 (2004): 2185–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01155.2003.

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The inferior colliculus (IC) is a major processing center in the ascending auditory pathway. The role of the IC in the descending efferent auditory system is less clear. Although the IC central nucleus (ICC) is the major relay station for the ascending auditory pathways, the IC's cortex receives its main input from the neocortex and nonauditory sources. The goal of this study was to determine if the IC subdivisions had different functions in the descending efferent auditory system. IC subdivisions were identified by their tuning curves evoked by tone stimulation, and the effects of localized e

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4

LeDoux, J. F., and L. B. Wilson. "Neuronal application of capsaicin modulates somatic pressor reflexes." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 281, no. 3 (2001): R868—R877. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.2001.281.3.r868.

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Static contraction of skeletal muscle elicits a reflex increase in cardiovascular function. Likewise, noxious stimuli activate somatic nociceptors eliciting a reflex increase in cardiovascular function. On the basis of recent work involving spinothalamic cells in the dorsal horn, we hypothesized that the dorsal horn cells involved in the aforementioned reflexes would be sensitized by applying capsaicin (Cap) to a peripheral nerve. If correct, then Cap would enhance the cardiovascular increases that occur when these reflexes are evoked. Cats were anesthetized, and the popliteal fossa was expose

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Muszkat, Débora, Guilherme Vanoni Polanczyk, Taciana G. Costa Dias, and André Russowsky Brunoni. "Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry." Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology 26, no. 7 (2016): 590–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cap.2015.0172.

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Barr, Valarie A., Kelsie M. Bernot, Sonal Srikanth, et al. "Dynamic Movement of the Calcium Sensor STIM1 and the Calcium Channel Orai1 in Activated T-Cells: Puncta and Distal Caps." Molecular Biology of the Cell 19, no. 7 (2008): 2802–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e08-02-0146.

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The proteins STIM1 and Orai1 are the long sought components of the store-operated channels required in T-cell activation. However, little is known about the interaction of these proteins in T-cells after engagement of the T-cell receptor. We found that T-cell receptor engagement caused STIM1 and Orai1 to colocalize in puncta near the site of stimulation and accumulate in a dense structure on the opposite side of the T-cell. FRET measurements showed a close interaction between STIM1 and Orai1 both in the puncta and in the dense cap-like structure. The formation of cap-like structures did not en

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Boekema, Bouke, Matthea Stoop, Marcel Vlig, et al. "Antibacterial and safety tests of a flexible cold atmospheric plasma device for the stimulation of wound healing." Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 105, no. 5 (2021): 2057–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-021-11166-5.

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Abstract Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) devices generate an ionized gas with highly reactive species and electric fields at ambient air pressure and temperature. A flexible dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) was developed as an alternative antimicrobial treatment for chronic wounds. Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus in collagen-elastin matrices with CAP for 2 min resulted in a 4 log reduction. CAP treatment was less effective on S. aureus on dermal samples. CAP did not affect cellular activity or DNA integrity of human dermal samples when used for up to 2 min. Repeated daily CAP treatments for

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Weinzimmer, Saira A., Sophie C. Schneider, Sandra L. Cepeda, et al. "Perceptions of Deep Brain Stimulation for Adolescents with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder." Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology 31, no. 2 (2021): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cap.2020.0166.

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Cullen, Kathryn R., Suzanne Jasberg, Brent Nelson, Bonnie Klimes-Dougan, Kelvin O. Lim, and Paul E. Croarkin. "Seizure Induced by Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in an Adolescent with Depression." Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology 26, no. 7 (2016): 637–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cap.2016.0070.

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10

Storch, Eric A., Sandra L. Cepeda, Eric Lee, et al. "Parental Attitudes Toward Deep Brain Stimulation in Adolescents with Treatment-Resistant Conditions." Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology 30, no. 2 (2020): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cap.2019.0134.

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11

Najem, Fadi, John Ferraro, and Mark Chertoff. "The Effect of Contralateral Pure Tones on the Compound Action Potential in Humans: Efferent Tuning Curves." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 27, no. 02 (2016): 103–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.15002.

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Background: The compound action potential (CAP) has been suggested in the literature as an alternative to otoacoustic emissions for evaluating the efferent auditory system. However, very few studies have examined efferent influence on auditory nerve potentials in humans. Purpose: This study examines the effects of presenting contralateral pure tones on the ipsilateral CAP onset and offset amplitudes as a potential clinical tool for the assessment of efferent auditory function. Research Design: CAPs for 1- and 4-kHz tone pips (TPs) and clicks were recorded from 9, 9, and 8 participants, respect

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Kilincaslan, Ayse, Sabri Aydin, Burcu Ece Kok, Hande Akcakaya, and Zuhal Yapici. "Pallidal Stimulation in an 11-Year-Old Boy with Treatment-Resistant Tourette Syndrome." Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology 27, no. 7 (2017): 673–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cap.2017.0008.

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13

Tada, Jun-ichi, Mitsuhiro Omine, Toshio Suda, and Naoto Yamaguchi. "A Common Signaling Pathway Via Syk and Lyn Tyrosine Kinases Generated From Capping of the Sialomucins CD34 and CD43 in Immature Hematopoietic Cells." Blood 93, no. 11 (1999): 3723–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v93.11.3723.

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Abstract The sialomucin CD34 is a useful marker for hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. However, the role of CD34 remains poorly understood. Here we investigate the functions of CD34 and another sialomucin CD43 coexpressed on hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Stimulation of undifferentiated hematopoietic KG1a cells with anti-CD34 or anti-CD43 induced homotypic cytoadhesion, accompanied by formation of a long-lived cap of CD34 and CD43 respectively, which colocalized with F-actin. Stimulation with either antibody specifically increased tyrosine phosphorylation of the identical set of protei

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Tada, Jun-ichi, Mitsuhiro Omine, Toshio Suda, and Naoto Yamaguchi. "A Common Signaling Pathway Via Syk and Lyn Tyrosine Kinases Generated From Capping of the Sialomucins CD34 and CD43 in Immature Hematopoietic Cells." Blood 93, no. 11 (1999): 3723–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v93.11.3723.411k02_3723_3735.

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The sialomucin CD34 is a useful marker for hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. However, the role of CD34 remains poorly understood. Here we investigate the functions of CD34 and another sialomucin CD43 coexpressed on hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Stimulation of undifferentiated hematopoietic KG1a cells with anti-CD34 or anti-CD43 induced homotypic cytoadhesion, accompanied by formation of a long-lived cap of CD34 and CD43 respectively, which colocalized with F-actin. Stimulation with either antibody specifically increased tyrosine phosphorylation of the identical set of proteins of Lyn

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15

Tublitz, N. J., and J. W. Truman. "Identification of neurones containing cardioacceleratory peptides (CAPs) in the ventral nerve cord of the tobacco hawkmoth, Manduca sexta." Journal of Experimental Biology 116, no. 1 (1985): 395–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.116.1.395.

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The abdominal ganglion neurosecretory cells responsible for the synthesis and release of two insect neurohormones, cardioacceleratory peptides 1 and 2 (CAP1 and CAP2), from the perivisceral organs (PVOs) have been identified in the tobacco hawkmoth, Manduca sexta. Previous work established the existence of two groups of abdominal ganglion cell bodies with axons projecting to the PVO: four laterally-situated pairs and five pairs lying on the midline (Taghert & Truman, 1982b). Micro-dissection and bioassay of various parts of an abdominal ganglion revealed that CAP activity was greatest in t

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16

Fan, Wei, and Michael C. Andresen. "Differential frequency-dependent reflex integration of myelinated and nonmyelinated rat aortic baroreceptors." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 275, no. 2 (1998): H632—H640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1998.275.2.h632.

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Electrical activation of myelinated (A type) and nonmyelinated (C type) baroreceptor axons (BR) in aortic depressor nerve (ADN) evoked baroreflex changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) in chloralose-urethan-anesthetized rats. Low stimulation intensities (<3 V) activated only A-type BR electroneurograms (ENG). A-type selective stimulus trains required minimum frequencies >10 Hz to evoke reflex MAP decreases, and the largest MAP responses occurred at 50 Hz and higher. In contrast, high stimulation intensities (18–20 V) maximally activated two volleys in ADN ENG corresponding to A- and C-t

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17

Contarino, M. Fiorella, Maarten Bot, Johannes D. Speelman, et al. "Postoperative Displacement of Deep Brain Stimulation Electrodes Related to Lead-Anchoring Technique." Neurosurgery 73, no. 4 (2013): 681–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/neu.0000000000000079.

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Abstract BACKGROUND: Displacement of deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes may occur after surgery, especially due to large subdural air collections, but other factors might contribute. OBJECTIVE: To investigate factors potentially contributing to postoperative electrode displacement, in particular, different lead-anchoring techniques. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 55 patients (106 electrodes) with Parkinson disease, dystonia, tremor, and obsessive-compulsive disorder in whom early postoperative and long-term follow-up computed tomography (CT) was performed. Electrodes were anchored w

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18

Wang, Rurong, Fadi Xu, Jianguo Zhuang, and Cancan Zhang. "Carotid sinus nerve is involved in cardiorespiratory responses to intracarotid injection of capsaicin in the rat." Journal of Applied Physiology 100, no. 1 (2006): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00302.2005.

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The carotid sinus nerve (CSN), important in cardiorespiratory modulation, mainly contains C fibers (CSCFs). Previous studies have demonstrated that selective stimulation of bronchopulmonary C fibers (PCFs) via right atrial injection of capsaicin (Cap; ∼0.25 μg) results in an apnea (∼3 s) associated with hypotension and bradycardia. The present study was undertaken to determine the effects of activating CSCFs on cardiorespiratory activities. Intracarotid injection of Cap was performed before and after bilateral transection of the CSN in anesthetized and spontaneously breathing rats. Our results

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19

Ribon, Vered, John A. Printen, Noah G. Hoffman, Brian K. Kay, and Alan R. Saltiel. "A Novel, Multifunctional c-Cbl Binding Protein in Insulin Receptor Signaling in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes." Molecular and Cellular Biology 18, no. 2 (1998): 872–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.18.2.872.

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ABSTRACT The protein product of the c-Cbl proto-oncogene is prominently tyrosine phosphorylated in response to insulin in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and not in 3T3-L1 fibroblasts. After insulin-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation, c-Cbl specifically associates with endogenous c-Crk and Fyn. These results suggest a role for tyrosine-phosphorylated c-Cbl in 3T3-L1 adipocyte activation by insulin. A yeast two-hybrid cDNA library prepared from fully differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes was screened with full-length c-Cbl as the target protein in an attempt to identify adipose-specific signaling proteins that in

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20

Mayer, E. A., C. B. Koelbel, W. J. Snape, V. Eysselein, H. Ennes, and A. Kodner. "Substance P and CGRP mediate motor response of rabbit colon to capsaicin." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 259, no. 5 (1990): G889—G897. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1990.259.5.g889.

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Primary afferent nerve terminals located in the mammalian gut wall may play a role in region-specific modulation of gastrointestinal motility. In the present study, we sought to characterize the effect of neuropeptides released from these afferents by capsaicin (CAP) on contractile activity of smooth muscle from the distal rabbit colon. CAP caused a release of acetylcholine and immunoreactivity for substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) from the muscle coat. CAP caused a dose-dependent transient stimulation of longitudinal muscle contractions, followed by prolonged inhibit

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Hilderman, Marie, and Annette Bruchfeld. "The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in chronic kidney disease—review and vagus nerve stimulation clinical pilot study." Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 35, no. 11 (2020): 1840–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfaa200.

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Abstract Inflammation and autonomic dysfunction are common findings in chronic and end-stage kidney disease and contribute to a markedly increased risk of mortality in this patient population. The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) is a vagal neuro-immune circuit that upholds the homoeostatic balance of inflammatory activity in response to cell injury and pathogens. CAP models have been examined in preclinical studies to investigate its significance in a range of clinical inflammatory conditions and diseases. More recently, cervical vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) implants have been sho

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22

Tsai, Ping-Kun, Shih-Ming Tsao, Wei-En Yang, Chao-Bin Yeh, Hsiang-Ling Wang, and Shun-Fa Yang. "Plasma Soluble Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor Level as a Predictor of the Severity of Community-Acquired Pneumonia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 6 (2019): 1035. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16061035.

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The urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) mediates various cellular activities and is involved in proteolysis, angiogenesis, and inflammation. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between soluble uPAR (suPAR) levels and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) severity. A commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to measure the plasma suPAR levels in 67 healthy controls and 75 patients with CAP. Our results revealed that plasma suPAR levels were significantly elevated in patients with CAP compared with the controls, and antibiotic tre

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Cheng, Fengdong, Dayun Yan, Jie Chen, Michael Keidar, and Eduardo Sotomayor. "Cold Plasma with Immunomodulatory Properties Has Significant Anti-Lymphoma Activities in Vitro and In Vivo." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (2019): 5307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-131065.

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In recent years, cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer care. Remarkable clinical efficacy and durable responses to checkpoint blockade antibodies or to genetically engineered T-cells (CAR T cell) have been observed in patients with multiple cancers. However, not all cancer patients benefit from these therapies and as such novel immunotherapeutic approaches are needed. The cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a form of near room temperature ionized gas, which has shown a promising application in cancer therapy given its antitumor effects in vitro as well as in vivo. For the first time, we

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Williams, R. S., and W. Harlan. "Effects of inhibition of mitochondrial protein synthesis in skeletal muscle." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 253, no. 6 (1987): C866—C871. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1987.253.6.c866.

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To evaluate the participation of proteins derived from mitochondrial genes in the adaptive response of skeletal muscle to increased contractile activity, we administered chloramphenicol (CAP; 200-1,000 mg.kg-1.day-1), an inhibitor of translation from mitochondrial ribosomes, to adult rabbits undergoing electrical stimulation of the tibialis anterior muscle of one hind limb. In unmedicated animals, 10 days of electrical stimulation increased maximum velocity (Vmax) of cytochrome oxidase and citrate synthase by 214 +/- 17 and 201 +/- 16% (P less than 0.01). In a dose-dependent manner, CAP abolis

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Rich, Tonya L., Jeremiah Menk, Linda E. Krach, Timothy Feyma, and Bernadette T. Gillick. "Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation/Behavioral Intervention Clinical Trial: Long-Term Follow-Up of Outcomes in Congenital Hemiparesis." Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology 26, no. 7 (2016): 598–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cap.2015.0157.

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Pedapati, Ernest V., Donald L. Gilbert, Craig A. Erickson, et al. "Abnormal Cortical Plasticity in Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Case–Control Pilot Study." Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology 26, no. 7 (2016): 625–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cap.2015.0183.

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Wei, Wan, Xiuping Gao, Lei Zhao, Jianguo Zhuang, Yang Jiao, and Fadi Xu. "Liquiritin apioside attenuates laryngeal chemoreflex but not mechanoreflex in rat pups." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 318, no. 1 (2020): L89—L97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00306.2019.

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Liquiritin apioside (LA), a main flavonoid component of licorice, reportedly suppresses cough responses to inhalation of aerosolized capsaicin [CAP; a stimulant to transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1)] in conscious guinea pigs via acting on peripheral nerves. However, the evidence of LA having a direct effect on airway sensory fibers is lacking. Considering the important role laryngeal chemoreceptors and mechanoreceptors play in triggering apnea and cough, we studied whether LA suppressed the apneic responses to stimulation of these receptors via directly acting on the superior lar

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Liu, Chun Yuan, Ming Feng Han, and Dong Kun Sun. "Analysis of Pipe Pile-Pile Cap-Superstructure Ground Motion Response." Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (October 2011): 2541–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.2541.

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Measure the test points of the natural frequencies, the Fourier amplitude spectrum, power spectrum and other parameters by enter different types and frequencies of seismic waves and the stimulation of white noise in the pile shaking table test and seismic wave propagation in the model pipe. Analysis of the transfer law of seismic waves in the pipe pile-pile cap-superstructure lead to the dynamic characteristics result of the test point. Besides, the thesis studies the dynamic characteristics and dynamic response of the pipe pile-pile cap-superstructure under the action of earthquake and the pr

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Kirkovski, Melissa, Nigel C. Rogasch, Takashi Saeki, Bernadette M. Fitzgibbon, Peter G. Enticott, and Paul B. Fitzgerald. "Single Pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation-Electroencephalogram Reveals No Electrophysiological Abnormality in Adults with High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder." Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology 26, no. 7 (2016): 606–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cap.2015.0181.

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Wall, Christopher A., Paul E. Croarkin, Mandie J. Maroney-Smith, et al. "Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Guided, Open-Label, High-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Adolescents with Major Depressive Disorder." Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology 26, no. 7 (2016): 582–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cap.2015.0217.

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Ameis, Stephanie H., Zafiris J. Daskalakis, Daniel M. Blumberger, et al. "Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for the Treatment of Executive Function Deficits in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Clinical Trial Approach." Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology 27, no. 5 (2017): 413–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cap.2016.0146.

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Xu, Fadi, Qi-Hai Gu, Tongrong Zhou, and Lu-Yuan Lee. "Acute hypoxia prolongs the apnea induced by right atrial injection of capsaicin." Journal of Applied Physiology 94, no. 4 (2003): 1446–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00767.2002.

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Inspiratory central drive is augmented by acute hypoxia that leads to a hyperventilation, but it is inhibited by capsaicin (Cap)-induced stimulation of pulmonary C fibers (PCFs) that produces an expiratory apnea. We hypothesized that acute hypoxia should shorten or eliminate the Cap-induced apnea. The ventilatory responses to bolus injection of Cap (0.2–0.5 μg) into the right atrium before and during acute hypoxia (10% O2 for ∼1 min; Hypoxia+Cap) were compared in anesthetized and spontaneously breathing rats. We found that Cap injection during acute hypoxia produced an extremely long-lasting a

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WAGNER, KAREN DINEEN, MOHAMMAD A. SAEED, BING SKYIEPAL, and WALTER J. MEYER. "Thyrotropin and Growth Hormone Responses to TRH Stimulation Are Normal in 6–12 Year-Old Children with Major Depression." Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology 1, no. 3 (1990): 199–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cap.1990.1.199.

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Croarkin, Paul E., Christopher A. Wall, Paul A. Nakonezny, et al. "Increased Cortical Excitability with Prefrontal High-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Adolescents with Treatment-Resistant Major Depressive Disorder." Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology 22, no. 1 (2012): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cap.2011.0054.

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Hoeffer, Charles A., Emanuela Santini, Tao Ma, et al. "Multiple components of eIF4F are required for protein synthesis-dependent hippocampal long-term potentiation." Journal of Neurophysiology 109, no. 1 (2013): 68–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00342.2012.

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Persistent forms of synaptic plasticity are widely thought to require the synthesis of new proteins. This feature of long-lasting forms of plasticity largely has been demonstrated using inhibitors of general protein synthesis, such as either anisomycin or emetine. However, these drugs, which inhibit elongation, cannot address detailed questions about the regulation of translation initiation, where the majority of translational control occurs. Moreover, general protein synthesis inhibitors cannot distinguish between cap-dependent and cap-independent modes of translation initiation. In the prese

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Boorman, G. I., J. A. Hoffer, K. Kallesoe, D. Viberg, and C. Mah. "A Measure of Peripheral Nerve Stimulation Efficacy Applicable to H-Reflex Studies." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 23, no. 4 (1996): 264–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100038208.

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AbstractBackground: When H-reflexes are recorded during movement in human subjects, the stimulator current output is not a good indicator of sensory stimulation efficacy because of unavoidable nerve movement relative to the stimulus electrodes. Therefore, the M-wave amplitude has been used by researchers as an indicator of the efficacy of the stimulus. In this study we have examined the general validity of the hypothesis that the M-wave amplitude is directly proportional to the group I sensory afferent volley evoked by the stimulus. Methods: A nerve recording cuff, stimulating electrodes, and

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Xie, Yunjie, Haitao Zhang, Yang Zhang, Chong Wang, Deyi Duan, and Zheng Wang. "Chinese Angelica Polysaccharide (CAP) Alleviates LPS-Induced Inflammation and Apoptosis by Down-Regulating COX-1 in PC12 Cells." Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 49, no. 4 (2018): 1380–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000493415.

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Background/Aims: Chinese angelica polysaccharide (CAP) is the main effective ingredient of angelica sinensis and exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects on many diseases. This study aimed to explore the pharmacological potential of CAP on spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods: PC12 cells were pretreated by CAP and were subjected to LPS. Transfection was performed to alter the expression of COX-1. Cell viability and apoptotic cell rate were measured by CCK-8 and flow cytometry respectively. qRT-PCR and western blot analysis were performed to assess the expression changes of pro-inflamma

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Yagi, Koji, Koji Takchara, Shinichi Kata, and Koji Takeuchi. "Potent stimulation by PA CAP of duodenal bicarbonate secretion in rats." Japanese Journal of Pharmacology 73 (1997): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-5198(19)45362-6.

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Rossi, E., E. Della Torre, L. Rossi, and A. Priori. "P 223. A multielectrode cap for transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)." Clinical Neurophysiology 124, no. 10 (2013): e172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2013.04.300.

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40

Frigon, Alain, Marie-France Hurteau, Michael D. Johnson, C. J. Heckman, Alessandro Telonio, and Yann Thibaudier. "Synchronous and asynchronous electrically evoked motor activities during wind-up stimulation are differentially modulated following an acute spinal transection." Journal of Neurophysiology 108, no. 12 (2012): 3322–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00683.2012.

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In this study, we used a novel technique to study reflex wind-up when the spinal cord is intact and following an acute spinal transection. Specifically, we evaluated reflex responses evoked by a series of 10 electrical pulses to the tibial or superficial peroneal nerves in 9 decerebrate adult cats, before and after an acute spinal transection. Electromyograms were recorded in four hindlimb muscles (lateral gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior, semitendinosus, and sartorius) to evaluate reflex amplitude, duration, and the temporal summation of reflex responses, so-called wind-up. We identified two

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Yamamoto, Takamitsu, Yoichi Katayama, Kazutaka Kobayashi, Hideki Oshima, and Chikashi Fukaya. "Dual-floor burr hole adjusted to burr hole ring and cap for implantation of stimulation electrodes." Journal of Neurosurgery 99, no. 4 (2003): 783–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.2003.99.4.0783.

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✓ Using a new perforator, the authors have developed a new dual-floor burr-hole method for use in deep brain stimulation therapy. The modification is called “dual-floor” because the usual 15-mm-diameter burr hole, which is located centrally and reaches the dura mater, is surrounded by a 4-mm-wide rim that is also planed downward by the new perforator to a depth of 4 mm. This dual-floor burr hole is adjusted to fit the burr-hole ring and cap that are are supplied by the electrode manufacturer. Such a method eliminates bulging of the scalp just over the burr-hole ring and cap. In addition, it is

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Zhang, Si Yi, Donald Robertson, Graeme Yates, and Alan Everett. "Role of L-Type Ca2+ Channels in Transmitter Release From Mammalian Inner Hair Cells I. Gross Sound-Evoked Potentials." Journal of Neurophysiology 82, no. 6 (1999): 3307–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1999.82.6.3307.

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Intracochlear perfusion and gross potential recording of sound-evoked neural and hair cell responses were used to study the site of action of the L-type Ca2+ channel blocker nimodipine in the guinea pig inner ear. In agreement with previous work nimodipine (1–10 μM) caused changes in both the compound auditory nerve action potential (CAP) and the DC component of the hair cell receptor potential (summating potential, or SP) in normal cochleae. For 20-kHz stimulation, the effect of nimodipine on the CAP threshold was markedly greater than the effect on the threshold of the negative SP. This latt

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Nguyen, Kathryn A., Sharon J. Santos, Marit K. Kreidel, Alejandro L. Diaz, Rodolfo Rey та Mark A. Lawson. "Acute Regulation of Translation Initiation by Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone in the Gonadotrope Cell Line LβT2". Molecular Endocrinology 18, № 5 (2004): 1301–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/me.2003-0478.

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Abstract The hypothalamic neuropeptide hormone GnRH is the central regulator of reproductive function. GnRH stimulates the synthesis and release of the gonadotropins LH and FSH by the gonadotropes of the anterior pituitary through activation of the G-protein-coupled GnRH receptor. In this study, we investigated the role of translational control of hormone synthesis by the GnRH receptor in the novel gonadotrope cell line LβT2. Using immunohistochemical and RIA studies with this model, we show that acute GnRH-induced synthesis and secretion of LH are dependent upon new protein synthesis but not

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Cui, J., G. Zaror-Behrens, and J. Himms-Hagen. "Capsaicin desensitization induces atrophy of brown adipose tissue in rats." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 259, no. 2 (1990): R324—R332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1990.259.2.r324.

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Interscapular brown adipose tissue (BAT) of capsaicin-desensitized (Cap-Des) rats is atrophied, having a lower wet weight, a reduced total protein content, and as little as 10% of the normal content of uncoupling protein (UCP). Because the mitochondrial concentration of UCP, relative to other mitochondrial proteins, is not altered in Cap-Des rats, it is concluded that most of the mitochondria of BAT of Cap-Des rats have been lost. Consistent with this interpretation is a reduction of almost 40% of the overall thermogenic response to infused norepinephrine by anesthetized Cap-Des rats. Feeding

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Qian, Zhengjiang, Haiyang Yang, Hongchao Li, et al. "The Cholinergic Anti-Inflammatory Pathway Attenuates the Development of Atherosclerosis in Apoe-/- Mice through Modulating Macrophage Functions." Biomedicines 9, no. 9 (2021): 1150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9091150.

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(1) Background: The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) has been implicated in the regulation of various diseases, including chronic inflammatory cardiovascular disorders such as atherosclerosis (AS). This study aims to explore the underlying regulatory mechanisms of CAP activity in the progression of AS. (2) Methods: The Apoe-/- mice were subjected to sham, bilateral cervical vagotomy surgery (VGX), and VGX supplemented with Gainesville Tokushima scientists (GTS)-21 (4 mg/kg/d) and then fed with a high-fat diet for 10 weeks. Atherosclerotic lesion size and inflammation levels were inv

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Rammal, Hassan, Camille Bour, Marie Dubus, et al. "Combining Calcium Phosphates with Polysaccharides: A Bone-Inspired Material Modulating Monocyte/Macrophage Early Inflammatory Response." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 11 (2018): 3458. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19113458.

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The use of inorganic calcium/phosphate supplemented with biopolymers has drawn lots of attention in bone regenerative medicine. While inflammation is required for bone healing, its exacerbation alters tissue regeneration/implants integration. Inspired by bone composition, a friendly automated spray-assisted system was used to build bioactive and osteoinductive calcium phosphate/chitosan/hyaluronic acid substrate (CaP-CHI-HA). Exposing monocytes to CaP-CHI-HA resulted in a secretion of pro-healing VEGF and TGF-β growth factors, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL-8 pro-inflammatory mediators but also IL-

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Fabiano, Andrew J., and Robert J. Plunkett. "Approach for tunneling the lead in deep brain stimulation." Journal of Neurosurgery 112, no. 6 (2010): 1277–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2009.6.jns09554.

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The implantation of a deep brain stimulator (DBS) is often a staged procedure that involves stereotactic placement of the neurostimulator electrode, followed by connection of the electrode to a pulse generator during a separate operation. The authors describe a practical technique for the retrograde tunneling of the stimulator lead during the initial electrode implantation procedure. After DBS electrode placement and securing of the lead, the lead is covered with a protective cap and boot, which are then folded back to tunnel a redundant loop of the lead in a retrograde fashion into a subgalea

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Liu, Jun, Akiko Kimura, Christian A. Baumann, and Alan R. Saltiel. "APS Facilitates c-Cbl Tyrosine Phosphorylation and GLUT4 Translocation in Response to Insulin in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes." Molecular and Cellular Biology 22, no. 11 (2002): 3599–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.22.11.3599-3609.2002.

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ABSTRACT APS is a Cbl-binding protein that is tyrosine phosphorylated by the insulin receptor kinase. Insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of tyrosine 618 in APS is necessary for its association with c-Cbl and the subsequent tyrosine phosphorylation of Cbl by the insulin receptor in both 3T3-L1 adipocytes and CHO-IR cells. When overexpressed in these cells, wild-type APS but not an APS/Y618F mutant facilitated the tyrosine phosphorylation of coexpressed Cbl and its association with Crk upon insulin stimulation. APS-facilitated phosphorylation occurred on tyrosines 371, 700, and 774 in the Cbl pr

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Fitts, D. A., and R. L. Thunhorst. "Rapid elicitation of salt appetite by an intravenous infusion of angiotensin II in rats." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 270, no. 5 (1996): R1092—R1098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1996.270.5.r1092.

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A role for the renal renin-angiotensin system in the direct stimulation of salt appetite in the rat remains controversial because attempts to elicit the behavior by intravenous administration of angiotensin II (ANG II) have been unconvincing. We recently demonstrated that depletion-induced salt appetite was attenuated by selective blockade of peripheral ANG II synthesis with an intravenous dose of converting enzyme inhibitor [captopril (Cap)] that does not block the synthesis of ANG II inside the blood brain barrier. We now show that intravenous ANG II at 30 ng/min rapidly reestablishes salt a

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Vera-Otarola, Jorge, Ricardo Soto-Rifo, Emiliano P. Ricci, Théophile Ohlmann, Jean-Luc Darlix, and Marcelo López-Lastra. "The 3′ Untranslated Region of the Andes Hantavirus Small mRNA Functionally Replaces the Poly(A) Tail and Stimulates Cap-Dependent Translation Initiation from the Viral mRNA." Journal of Virology 84, no. 19 (2010): 10420–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01270-10.

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ABSTRACT In the process of translation of eukaryotic mRNAs, the 5′ cap and the 3′ poly(A) tail interact synergistically to stimulate protein synthesis. Unlike its cellular counterparts, the small mRNA (SmRNA) of Andes hantavirus (ANDV), a member of the Bunyaviridae, lacks a 3′ poly(A) tail. Here we report that the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of the ANDV SmRNA functionally replaces a poly(A) tail and synergistically stimulates cap-dependent translation initiation from the viral mRNA. Stimulation of translation by the 3′UTR of the ANDV SmRNA was found to be independent of viral proteins and o

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