Journal articles: 'Capacitance converter'

1

Zimoch, Piotr, Marcin Kasprzak, and Kamil Kierepka. "Influence of MOSFET Parasitic Capacitance on the Operation of Interleaved ZVS Boost Converters." Energies 13, no. 22 (November 23, 2020): 6130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13226130.

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Interleaved zero-voltage switching boost converters have been known for over 20 years. However, the influence of parasitic capacitance of transistors has not been described. In this paper the converter is analyzed and the equation for voltage ratio is derived for any number of converter phases. First a general description of the topology, including main voltage and current waveforms, is provided. Subsequently the converter is analyzed and conditions for soft switching are derived. Next the analysis results are compared to measurements of an experimental converter setup. Discrepancies are identified and the influence of parasitic capacitance is analyzed. By considering the parasitic capacitance the difference between experimental and analytical results of voltage ratio is reduced from 0.2 to less than 0.05.

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Mychuda, Zynoviy, Igor Zhuravel, Lesia Mychuda, Adam Szcześniak, Zbigniew Szcześniak, and Hanna Yelisieieva. "Mathematical Modelling of the Influence of Parasitic Capacitances of the Components of the Logarithmic Analogue-to-Digital Converter (LADC) with a Successive Approximation on Switched Capacitors for Increasing Accuracy of Conversion." Electronics 11, no. 9 (May 6, 2022): 1485. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11091485.

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This paper presents an analysis of the influence of parasitic inter-electrode capacitances of the components of logarithmic analogue-to-digital converters with successive approximation with a variable logarithm base. Mathematical models of converter errors were developed and analyzed taking into account the parameters of modern components. It has been shown that to achieve satisfactory accuracy for the 16 bit LADC, the capacitance of the capacitor cell must not be less than 10 nF; for the 12 bit LADC, 1 nF is sufficient.

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Wang, Li Jun, Dong Fei Wang, Xu Hu Wang, and Shu Heng Shi. "The Design of High-Precision Capacitance Micro-Displacement Sensor." Advanced Materials Research 217-218 (March 2011): 1797–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.217-218.1797.

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This paper presents a design method of capacitance micro-displacement sensor, based on the programmable capacitance-digital converter AD7746. AD7746 is controled by Single-Chip Microcomputer which gathers the variation of capacitance from the plates and converts it to the digital quantity.The SCM PIC16F877 connecting with AD7746 through the I²C bus reads the digital quantity converted by AD7746 through software programming, then transmits the data into PC through serial interface,in which the whole high-precision capacitance displacement sensor design is accompished.

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Eguchi, Kei, Ya Nan Zhang, Shinya Terada, and Ichirou Oota. "A Symmetrical Digital Selecting Type DC-DC Converter with Power Saving Techniques." Applied Mechanics and Materials 666 (October 2014): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.666.77.

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To achieve various conversion ratios with high power efficiency, a symmetrical digital selecting type switched-capacitor (SC) DC-DC converter with power saving techniques is proposed in this paper. Unlike conventional SC DC-DC converters, the voltage ratio of capacitors is expressed as the ratio of a power of two. By combining some of these capacitors in series, the proposed converter can achieve a larger number of conversion ratios than conventional converters. Furthermore, by employing a symmetrical structure with power saving techniques, the proposed converter can alleviate energy loss due to stray parasitic capacitance. The theoretical analysis and SPICE simulations show the effectiveness of the proposed converter.

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Basyoni, Marwa S. Salem, A. A. Zekry, and H. F. Ragai. "Enhancing the Output Power of Vibration Based Electrostatic MEMS Energy Converters for Energy Scavenging Systems." Advanced Materials Research 403-408 (November 2011): 4545–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.403-408.4545.

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This paper introduces three methods to increase the output power of the vibration based electrostatic MEMS energy converters. This will be done by taking the effect of the parallel capacitance of the converter in the output power equation. In addition the output power of the converter will be increased by two other ways: Firstly, by depositing dielectric materials on the sidewalls of the converter fingers, secondly, by increasing the converter thickness. In addition the output power will be increased to an optimum value by combining the effect of increasing the device thickness and depositing dielectric materials on the sidewalls of the converter fingers.

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BHATTACHARYYA, KAUSHIK, P. V. RATNA KUMAR, and PRADIP MANDAL. "IMPROVEMENT OF POWER EFFICIENCY AND OUTPUT VOLTAGE RIPPLE OF EMBEDDED DC–DC CONVERTERS WITH THREE STEP DOWN RATIOS." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 21, no. 01 (February 2012): 1250007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126612500077.

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In this paper three embedded switched capacitor based DC–DC converters targeting Vdd/2, 2Vdd/3, and Vdd/3 output voltages have been designed with improved power efficiency and output voltage ripple. The performance of each of the converter is improved by nonoverlapped rotational time interleaving (NRTI) switching scheme. Current regulation scheme is included with each of the above NRTI switched capacitor converter to achieve better load and line regulation. The proposed converters are designed and simulated in a 0.18 μm n-well CMOS process with the total flying capacitance of 330 pF and load capacitor of 50 pF. The capacitance values are kept within on-chip implementable range. The maximum power efficiency and the output voltage ripple of the integrated NRTI DC–DC converters targeted for Vdd/2, 2Vdd/3 and Vdd/3 output generation are 71.5% and 5 mV, 69.23% and 13.27 mV and 58.09% and 10.5 mV, respectively.

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Krummenacher, F. "A High-Resolution Capacitance-to-Frequency Converter." IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 20, no. 3 (June 1985): 666–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jssc.1985.1052366.

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8

Sakalauskas, S., Z. Vaitonis, and R. Puras. "A high-speed capacitance-to-voltage converter." Instruments and Experimental Techniques 54, no. 5 (September 2011): 692–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0020441211050150.

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Harada, K., A. Katsuki, M. Fujiwara, H. Nakajima, and H. Matsushita. "Resonant converter controlled by variable capacitance devices." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 8, no. 4 (October 1993): 404–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/63.261010.

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10

Zhang, Rui, Wei Ma, Lei Wang, Min Hu, Longhan Cao, Hongjun Zhou, and Yihui Zhang. "Line Frequency Instability of One-Cycle-Controlled Boost Power Factor Correction Converter." Electronics 7, no. 9 (September 17, 2018): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics7090203.

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Power Factor Correction (PFC) converters are widely used in engineering. A classical PFC control circuit employs two complicated feedback control loops and a multiplier, while the One-Cycle-Controlled (OCC) PFC converter has a simple control circuit. In OCC PFC converters, the voltage loop is implemented with a PID control and the multiplier is not needed. Although linear theory is used in designing the OCC PFC converter control circuit, it cannot be used in predicting non-linear phenomena in the converter. In this paper, a non-linear model of the OCC PFC Boost converter is proposed based on the double averaging method. The line frequency instability of the converter is predicted by studying the DC component, the first harmonic component and the second harmonic component of the main circuit and the control circuit. The effect of the input voltage and the output capacitance on the stability of the converter is studied. The correctness of the proposed model is verified with numerical simulations and experimental measurements.

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Barsana Banu, J., and M. Balasingh Moses. "Modeling, control, and implementation of the soft switching dc-dc converter for battery charging/discharging applications." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 1.3 (December 31, 2017): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i1.3.9667.

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This paper presents a soft switching bidirectional buck-boost converter for battery charging and discharging systems. The proposed method comprises of Inductance Capacitance Diode combination of the bidirectional dc-dc converter with one more electric switch is presented to accomplish high efficiency, high conversion ratio and maximum output power compared to the other bidirectional converters. It works in both steps up and steps down conversions. The proposed converter has alleviated the switching stress problems in the conventional bidirectional dc-dc converter. It suppresses the switching losses by zero voltage and zeroes current turn ON and OFF all switches. The complete steady-state analysis of the proposed bi-directional converter has described with its operating modes. Design consideration of parameters also presented to realize the converter characteristics. The switching stress on the power semiconductor devices is given, and the comparisons between the proposed technique and other bidirectional converters are illustrated with some results. Finally, the experimental prototype of 20 kHz, 315 W output power converter developed, and its feasibility verified through computer simulation results.

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12

Wittmann, J., A. Seidel, and B. Wicht. "Efficiency modeling for MHz DCDC converters at 40 V input voltage range." Advances in Radio Science 12 (November 10, 2014): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-12-111-2014.

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Abstract. Size and cost of a switched mode power supply can be reduced by increasing the switching frequency. This leads especially at a high input voltage to a decreasing efficiency caused by switching losses. Conventional calculations are not suitable to predict the efficiency as parasitic capacitances have a significant loss contribution. This paper presents an analytical efficiency model which considers parasitic capacitances separately and calculates the power loss contribution of each capacitance to any resistive element. The proposed model is utilized for efficiency optimization of converters with switching frequencies > 10 MHz and input voltages up to 40 V. For experimental evaluation a DCDC converter was manufactured in a 180 nm HV BiCMOS technology. The model matches a transistor level simulation and measurement results with an accuracy better than 3.5 %. The accuracy of the parasitic capacitances of the high voltage transistor determines the overall accuracy of the efficiency model. Experimental capacitor measurements can be fed into the model. Based on the model, different architectures have been studied.

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13

Yermoshin, Nikolay I., Evgeny V. Yakimov, Aleksandr E. Goldshtein, and Dmitry A. Sednev. "Increase in Fast Response Time of the Resistance-to-Voltage Converter When Monitoring the Cable Products’ Insulation Resistance." Sensors 21, no. 2 (January 7, 2021): 368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21020368.

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Theoretical and experimental studies were conducted to investigate the impact of the cable capacitance during measurements of insulation resistance on the fast response time of a resistance-to-voltage converter. From a comparison of the results of simulation with the data obtained during the experiments, it was determined that the dependence characteristics of the settling time of resistance under measurement on the capacitance are identical to the analogous characteristics of electronic components of the resistance-to-voltage converter. It was experimentally proven that using T-shaped feedback in the resistance-to-voltage converter during the cable insulation resistance measurements reduces the settling time of the data by 1–3 times in comparison with a classical feedback system. Furthermore, when using the optimal parameters, the settling time of the resistance-to-voltage converter with T-shaped feedback depends to a lesser degree on the capacitance of the object under control.

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Yermoshin, Nikolay I., Evgeny V. Yakimov, Aleksandr E. Goldshtein, and Dmitry A. Sednev. "Increase in Fast Response Time of the Resistance-to-Voltage Converter When Monitoring the Cable Products’ Insulation Resistance." Sensors 21, no. 2 (January 7, 2021): 368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21020368.

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Theoretical and experimental studies were conducted to investigate the impact of the cable capacitance during measurements of insulation resistance on the fast response time of a resistance-to-voltage converter. From a comparison of the results of simulation with the data obtained during the experiments, it was determined that the dependence characteristics of the settling time of resistance under measurement on the capacitance are identical to the analogous characteristics of electronic components of the resistance-to-voltage converter. It was experimentally proven that using T-shaped feedback in the resistance-to-voltage converter during the cable insulation resistance measurements reduces the settling time of the data by 1–3 times in comparison with a classical feedback system. Furthermore, when using the optimal parameters, the settling time of the resistance-to-voltage converter with T-shaped feedback depends to a lesser degree on the capacitance of the object under control.

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15

Che Mustapha, Nurul Arfah, A. H. M. Zahirul Alam, Sheroz Khan, and Amelia Wong Azman. "EFFICIENT CAPACITANCE SENSING FOR WIRELESS HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM." IIUM Engineering Journal 17, no. 2 (November 30, 2016): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v17i2.609.

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This paper presents a low power capacitance to voltage converter (CVC) circuit using two differential amplifier circuits, two Schottky rectifier diodes constructed in symmetrical manner and combined with instrumentation amplifier circuits. The differential capacitance to voltage simulation work has been realized with cheap discrete components. Combination energy from solar, vibration and heat is expected to be used to source the capacitance circuit. Constant dc voltage of 3 V has been used to source the CVC circuit in this work. It is found by the simulation, the converter circuit consumes 3.9 mW of total power, operates at 40 kHz using 400 mV excitation signal. The circuit is able to detect changes of capacitance from 4 â€“ 12.5 pF using reference capacitance of 5 pF. Sensitivity of 0.132 mV for 1 fF capacitance change has been observed in the circuit. This circuit is suitable for wireless health monitoring system.

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Dang, Hoang-Long, and Sangshin Kwak. "Review of Health Monitoring Techniques for Capacitors Used in Power Electronics Converters." Sensors 20, no. 13 (July 3, 2020): 3740. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20133740.

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Capacitors are critical components of power converter systems as they influence the cost, size, performance, and scale of such systems. However, capacitors exhibit the highest degeneration and breakdown rates among all power converter components due to their wear-out failures and short lifespans. Therefore, condition monitoring is a vital process to estimate the health status of capacitors and to provide predictive maintenance for ensuring stability in the operation of power converter systems. The equivalent series resistance (ESR) and the capacitance of the capacitor are two widely used parameters for evaluating the health status of capacitors. Unlike the ESR, the capacitance of a capacitor is suitable for the health monitoring of various types of capacitors; therefore, it is more preferable for large-scale systems. This paper presents an overview of previous research addressing this aspect of capacitors and provides a better understanding of the capacitance monitoring of capacitors utilized in power converter systems.

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Santos Almeida, Pedro, Guilherme Márcio Soares, and Henrique Antônio Carvalho Braga. "Storage capacitance minimization in LED drivers based on photometrical constraints and converter integration." Eletrônica de Potência 18, no. 2 (May 1, 2013): 962–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18618/rep.2013.2.962971.

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18

Hagiwara, Nobumi, Masaru Yanase, and Takeo Saegusa. "A self-balance-type capacitance-to-DC-voltage converter for measuring small capacitance." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement IM-36, no. 2 (June 1987): 385–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tim.1987.6312706.

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Matko, Vojko, and Miro Milanović. "Temperature-compensated capacitance–frequency converter with high resolution." Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 220 (December 2014): 262–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2014.09.022.

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George, B., and V. Jagadeesh Kumar. "Switched capacitor triple slope capacitance to digital converter." IEE Proceedings - Circuits, Devices and Systems 153, no. 2 (2006): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-cds:20050176.

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Vooka, P., and B. George. "Capacitance‐to‐digital converter for leaky capacitive sensors." Electronics Letters 52, no. 6 (March 2016): 456–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2015.3962.

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Muthi’ah, Anisah, Amien Rahardjo, Faiz Husnayain, and Chairul Hudaya. "Design of Mazzilli’s Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS) Circuit as Plasma Glow Discharge Generator." ELKHA 12, no. 2 (October 11, 2020): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/elkha.v12i2.41769.

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Purification water has several methods; one of them is the plasma generation. The circuit used to generate plasma is Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS), where its use uses the resonance circuit concept. The main category to generate plasma glow discharge is the circuit should generate high voltage output with a current range from 10-6 A to 1 A. In this study, when ZVS connected to the flyback converter with an input voltage of 12 V, the output values of 11 kV and 11 μA were obtained. In comparison, if ZVS was not connected to the flyback converter, the circuit is less stable, and the output value is weak because the output values only reach 8.97 kV and 8.97 μA. For maximum output, the ZVS circuit should be connected to the converter circuit due to the flyback converter can repair and strengthen the voltage. The flyback converter circuit is affected by the diode and capacitance effects. The effect of using capacitors in a flyback converter circuit is when the capacitance is too low, the ripple will form. Then when capacitance reaches a specific value, the ripple will decrease, and the voltage graph will approach a straight line. Hence the use of components in the ZVS and the flyback converter need to be considered because it affects how the release of plasma glow discharge will form.

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Matko, Vojko, and Miro Milanovic. "Highly Enhanced Inductance Sensing Performance of Dual-Quartz Crystal Converter." Sensors 19, no. 9 (May 11, 2019): 2188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19092188.

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This paper presents ways of inductance sensitivity improvement in a quartz crystal converter for low inductance measurement. To improve the converter’s sensitivity, two quartz crystals that were connected in parallel and additional capacitance connected to the two quartz crystals in the oscillator’s circuit are used. The new approach uses a converter with special switchable oscillator and multiplexer switches to compensate for the crystal’s natural temperature-frequency characteristics and any other influences, such as parasitic capacitances and parasitic inductances, which reduce them to a minimum. The experimental results demonstrate improved sensitivity and well-compensated dynamic temperature influence on the converter’s output frequency. The fundamental quartz crystal frequency-temperature characteristics in the temperature range between 0–40 °C are simultaneously compensated. Furthermore, the converter enables the measurement of the influence of its own hysteresis at different values of inductances at the selected sensitivity by parallel capacitances connected either to the single- or dual-quartz crystal unit. The results show that the converter converting inductances in the range between 85–100 μH to a frequency range between 1–150 kHz only has ±0.05 ppm frequency instability (during the temperature change between 0–40 °C), which gives the converter a resolution of 1 pH. As a result, the converter can be applied where low inductance measurement, nondestructive testing, impedance change measurement, and magnetic material properties measurement are important.

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Petreus, Dorin, Radu Etz, Toma Patarau, and Ionut Ciocan. "Comprehensive Analysis of a High-Power Density Phase-Shift Full Bridge Converter Highlighting the Effects of the Parasitic Capacitances." Energies 13, no. 6 (March 19, 2020): 1439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13061439.

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A phase-shift full bridge converter is analyzed in detail in continuous conduction mode for one switching cycle for both the leading and lagging legs of the primary bridge. The objective of the study is to determine how the stray capacitance of the transformer, and the capacitances of the diodes in the bridge rectifier affect the converter functionality. Starting from some experimental results, Laplace equivalent circuit models and describing equations are derived for each significant time interval during the switching cycle and are validated through simulations and experimental measurements. The resulting equations are of great interest in the high-power density domain because they can be used to design a clamping circuit for the output rectifier bridge accurately.

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Jayaswal, K., and D. K. Palwalia. "Performance Analysis of Non-Isolated DC-DC Buck Converter Using Resonant Approach." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 8, no. 5 (October 13, 2018): 3350–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.2242.

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DC-DC converters preserve or control the output DC voltage. Due to parasitic constituents such as leakage capacitance of both diode and inductor, and transformer leakage inductance, DC-DC converters mostly operate on rigid switching conditions which result in high switching losses. These parasitic constituents affect the dc-dc converter’s operational reliability, instigate electromagnetic interference issues and limit the converter’s operation at higher frequency operations. In this paper, resonant or soft-switch approach has been employed to improve the operating performance and design-oriented principle investigations have been carried out for overcoming the issues of parasitic constituents in 24-12V DC-DC step-down (buck) converter. This paper divulges the analysis and Matlab Simulation results for 24-12V buck converter based on resonant or soft-switching approach.

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Gao, Wei, Jun Hong Zhang, Xu Sheng Wu, and Jing Hong Zhao. "Analysis of Snubber Circuit Parameters Based on an Excitation Controlling Circuit." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 2269–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.2269.

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In an excitation control system of some DC generator, there are accidents sometimes thanks to the snobbery unit. To solve these bothersome, based on an snubber unit of the excitation control circuit, namely a Buck converter topology with rectifier bridge, with the filter capacitance and the exciting winding impedance parameter assured, the preferences of the resistance and capacitance of the snubber circuit is investigated by simulation. The result is that it can limit the switching-on peak current of the switch when the snubber resistance and capacitance’s parameters are increased suitably, and the former one can lose more energy on the snubber resistance, then the latter one can reduce the striking current in the snubber resistance at the switching-on time. Finally, the simulation results are provided to verify that the exact selection of the snubber resistance and capacitance’s parameters can make excitation controlling circuit more stable and reliable.

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Kim, Sehyun, Kyeon Hur, Jongseo Na, Jongsu Yoon, and Heejin Kim. "Generic Analysis Framework for Modular Multilevel Converter HVDC with Multi-Infeed Line-Commutated Converter HVDC System." Energies 15, no. 1 (December 28, 2021): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15010184.

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This paper proposes a generic analysis framework for a grid supporting modular multilevel converter (MMC)-high voltage DC (HVDC) in a multi-infeed of line commutated converter (LCC) and MMC (MILM) system. MMC-HVDC can support the grid by compensating for the exact reactive power consumptions within the MMC-HVDC system and the varying power system conditions in the MILM system. Maximum active/reactive power capability (MPQC) curve and PQ loading curve comparison process is introduced to properly design a grid supporting MMC-HVDC. While the MPQC curve presents the maximum PQ range of the MMC-HVDC system based on the submodule capacitance value and the modulation index, the PQ loading curve presents the reactive power requirement from the power system that MMC-HVDC needs to compensate. Finally, the comparison of these two curves yields the proper value of submodule capacitance and the modulation index for sufficiently supporting the MILM system. The proposed framework is validated with detailed PSCAD/EMTDC simulation; it demonstrated that it could be applied to various power system conditions.

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Chen, Chen, Run Min, Qiaoling Tong, Shifei Tao, Dian Lyu, and Linkai Li. "Online Inductance and Capacitance Identification Based on Variable Forgetting Factor Recursive Least-Squares Algorithm for Boost Converter." MATEC Web of Conferences 160 (2018): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201816001001.

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The control performance of boost converter suffers from the variations of important component parameters, such as inductance and capacitance. In this paper, an online inductance and capacitance identification based on variable forgetting factor recursive least-squares (VFF-RLS) algorithm for boost converter is proposed. First, accurate inductance and capacitance identification models and the RLS algorithm are introduced. In order to balance the steady-state identification accuracy and parameter tracking ability, a forgetting factor control technique is investigated. By recovering system noise in the error signal of the algorithm, the value of forgetting factor is dynamically calculated. In addition, since the sampling rate is much lower than the existing identification methods, the proposed algorithm is practical for low-cost applications. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified by experiment. The experiment results show that the algorithm has good performance in tracking inductance and capacitance variations.

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Scheidl, Rudolf. "The Hydraulically Controlled Oscillating Piston Converter." Energies 14, no. 8 (April 13, 2021): 2156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14082156.

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One way to realize inertia in energy saving hydraulic switching converters is a mechanical oscillator connected to a piston. Its two basic advantages over the use of fluid in an inductance pipe are higher compactness and a better decoupling of inductance and capacitance; these are opposed by a more complex valve system, which raises costs if electric control is applied. This paper presents and studies an oscillating mass converter with pure hydraulic control. It features a pressure control function and constitutes a step-up converter. A simple model is established to elucidate the basic properties of the function principle under idealized conditions. The complete system with the hydraulic control concept is studied by an elaborate dynamical model. It is shown that the converter is able to operate in the intended way under the conditions of the mathematical model. A potential application for a load sensing type meter out control of a cylinder drive is sketched.

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Tulupov, Viktor D., Mikhail A. Sleptsov, and Aleksandrs A. Briedis. "Ways to Improve the Reliability of Bearings in Traction Induction Machines." Vestnik MEI 2, no. 2 (2021): 60–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24160/1993-6982-2021-2-60-70.

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The problem of electric rolling stock traction machinery failures caused by electrical erosion of bearings is addressed. Damages inflicted to traction machinery bearings as a result of electric current flowing through them have been known since long ago. In recent time, however, damages of this kind have become more frequent, because frequency and voltage converters for control of three-phase inductor motors are widely used in the electric rolling stock. An overview of factors causing the occurrence of stray currents generated in frequency converter driven traction motors and sources of these currents is presented. Electric current flows through rolling bearings in the area of the contact between the rolling elements with inner and outer rings, thus causing damage to the bearing metal components' rolling surfaces and degrading the quality of lubricants. To study and analyze the currents through bearings, the stray capacitances existing in traction machines are determined, and their calculation methods are defined, the necessity of which is stemming from the fact that these capacitances influence the generation of parasitic currents. The stray capacitances in traction machines include the capacitance between the stator windings and the stator core pack, the capacitance between the stator windings and the rotor, the capacitance between the rotor and the stator core pack, and the capacitances of the bearings. From the electrical point of view, bearings may also be regarded as capacitances. As long as there is a continuous lubricant film between the inner ring and outer rings and the rolling elements, the bearings behave as capacitors. A difference of potentials across the bearing elements may lead to electrostatic discharges and, hence, to discharge currents through the bearings. One of possible ways to enhance the reliability of traction machine bearing units is to use insulated bearings. The change in the impedance of bearings with ceramic coating and hybrid rolling elements depending on the applied voltage frequency and operating temperature is calculated and analyzed. Conclusions regarding the expediency of using hybrid bearings having rings made of bearing steel and rolling elements made of bearing silicon nitride (Si3N4) are drawn.

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Choi, Jungryoul, Chulkyu Park, and Joongho Choi. "A High-resolution Low-noise Capacitance to Digital Converter." Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers 54, no. 12 (December 31, 2017): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5573/ieie.2017.54.12.81.

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Liu, Zhijie, Ke-Jun Li, Jinyu Wang, Zahid Javid, Meiyan Wang, and Kaiqi Sun. "Research on Capacitance Selection for Modular Multi-Level Converter." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 34, no. 9 (September 2019): 8417–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2018.2886219.

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Tan, Qingyang, and Liangzong He. "Improved Modulation Strategy Based on Minimum Energy Storage Principle for Electrolytic-Capacitor-Less Six-Switch Converter." Applied Sciences 11, no. 13 (June 25, 2021): 5901. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11135901.

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An improved modulation strategy based on minimum energy storage for DC-link capacitance reduction in a six-switch AC-AC converter is proposed. The proposed modulation strategy enables the energy on the capacitor to accumulate and release twice each in a complete switching cycle, achieving the effect of “fast charging and discharging”. Meanwhile, the inversion and rectification are modulated synchronously. Hence, there is minimum energy stored in the DC-link capacitor. Then, the time average modeling analysis is presented to take insight analysis. When there is the same voltage ripples constraint on the DC side for the conventional and improved modulation strategies, the six-switch converter under the improved modulation strategy has the much less capacitance value of the storage capacitor and even realizes non-electrolytic capacitance. Therefore, improving the system efficiency, power density, and output waveform quality and extending the system life can be achieved. The operation principle and modulation strategy are discussed in detail. Finally, the simulation model and experimental prototype are built to verify effectiveness of the topology and correctness of the proposed six-switch AC-AC converter modulation strategy.

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Vančura, P., J. Gečnuk, J. Jakovenko, Z. Janoška, J. Jirsa, V. Kafka, O. Korchak, et al. "A low power asynchronous column-parallel 10-bit analog to digital converter with a high input impedance." Journal of Instrumentation 17, no. 05 (May 1, 2022): T05016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/05/t05016.

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Abstract This paper proposes a low power 10-bit asynchronous fully-differential column analog to digital converter (ADC) with successive approximation (SAR) and charge redistribution in a 180 nm SoI technology. The ADC is designed for use in Spacepix-2 monolithic active pixel sensor. A novel folded architecture of internal capacitive digital to analog converter (CDAC) is proposed. The total capacitance of CDAC is 512 fF, with a single unit capacitor capacitance only 0.5 fF and a size of 2.5 × 1.4 μm2. The total input capacitance of the proposed column ADC is only 220 fF. Two columns of a pixel matrix share a single ADC to double layout width. The layout area is 120 × 923 μm2. The sample rate is 4 MSps with power consumption of 225 μW from 1.8 V power supply.

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Ignjatovic, Z., and M. F. Bocko. "An interface circuit for measuring capacitance changes based upon capacitance-to-duty cycle (CDC) converter." IEEE Sensors Journal 5, no. 3 (June 2005): 403–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2004.841453.

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Saravanan, R., and N. Chandrasekaran. "Comparative Analysis of Fixed Speed & Variable Speed Response of PFC Zeta Converter Fed PMSM Drive Using PI Controller." Applied Mechanics and Materials 573 (June 2014): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.573.7.

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In several PWM DC-DC converter topologies, the controlling switches are operated in switch mode wherever they're needed to conduct the whole load current on and off throughout every switching cycle. Recently there is an enlarged interest within the use of resonant kind DC-DC converters due to the benefits of high efficiency, small size, lightweight, reduced Electro Magnetic Interference (EMI) and low component stresses. A novel PFC (Power factor Corrected) converter feeding a PMSM drive employing a single voltage sensing element is proposed for variable speed applications. It consists of single phase supply followed by uncontrolled bridge rectifier and a Zeta DC-DC converter is employed to regulate the voltage of a DC link capacitance that is lying between the Zeta converter and a VSI (Voltage source Inverter). The voltage of a dc-link capacitor of zeta converter is controlled to realize the speed control of PMSM Drive. The zeta converter is functioning as a front end device operating in DICM (Discontinuous inductor Current Mode) and therefore employing a voltage follower. Using MATLAB/ Simulink 7.13 environment the model can be simulated to achieve a wide range of speed control.

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Peng, Xi, Sheng Yin, and Yingqin Zou. "Research on dynamic current sharing method of parallel connected IGBT modules for NPC three level converters." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2113, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2113/1/012055.

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Abstract The parallel connection of IGBTs has been being applied in high power neutral point clamped (NPC) three level converters. This paper investigates the impact of gate parameters (gate resistor and capacitance) on dynamic current imbalance of parallel connected IGBT for NPC three level converter. A gate parameters calculation method is proposed in the paper, and the delay time and collector current difference can be analysed quantitatively. Experimental results have shown the effectiveness of the method.

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Hassan, Turki Kahawish. "Reduction of single DC bus capacitance in photovoltaic cascaded multilevel converter." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 11, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 1660. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v11.i3.pp1660-1674.

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<span lang="EN-US">This paper presented single DC bus single phase seven level cascaded H-bridge (CHB) inverter for multi-panel photovoltaic grid-connected applications. A single DC bus supplying flyback converters to produce DC link voltages for CHB cells is suggested. A balanced operation of CHB inverter cells is obtained irrespective to power unbalance occurred by individual maximum power point tracking boost converter of photovoltaic (PV) panels due to the non-uniform irradiation and partial shading. A DC bus voltage control system with addition of estimated DC bus ripple voltage to the reference is proposed to eliminate the second order harmonic contained in the feedback voltage of DC bus enabling to design high bandwidth of DC voltage control loop. This produces fast dynamic response, low total harmonic distortion (THD) of grid current and smaller DC bus capacitance. Mathematical modeling of bus voltage control system is presented. PSIM simulation program is used and the simulation results are obtained to validate the proposed control system.</span>

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Duraij, Martijn S., Yudi Xiao, Gabriel Zsurzsan, and Zhe Zang. "Enhancement Mode GaN-FETs in Extreme Temperature Conditions, Part II: Dynamic Parasitic Parameters." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2021, HiTEC (April 1, 2021): 000053–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2380-4491.2021.hitec.000053.

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Abstract Parasitic components in eGaN-FETs impact the dynamic performance of switching stages. The capacitances seen, primarily on the output characteristics, of these devices are a main contributor towards switching losses and therefor converter efficiency. Additionally, the threshold voltage of the device has an impact towards the switching speed and therefore the efficiency of a power stage. This study shows the impact of extreme temperatures towards the parasitics that impact the switching behaviour of a power stage. A literature research is conducted exploring the various mechanisms and temperature dependancies, which are then related towards transient operations of eGaN-FETs. A device was chosen to perform measurements on output-, reverse transfer capacitance and threshold voltage while increasing temperature from 100°C op to 225°C. The presented results show a large impact of temperature in these parasisic elements that show that high temperature switch-mode power converters need additional design work to ensure switching performance and lifetime.

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Turksoy, Omer, Unal Yilmaz, and Ahmet Teke. "Minimizing Capacitance Value of Interleaved Power Factor Corrected Boost Converter for Battery Charger in Electric Vehicles." Elektronika ir Elektrotechnika 25, no. 5 (October 6, 2019): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eie.25.5.24349.

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A dynamic voltage compensator (DVC) technique is presented for the minimizing of the capacitance value of the interleaved power factor corrected (PFC) boost converter for the battery charger in electric vehicles. This technique is based on eliminating the ripple on the capacitor by creating a voltage in the opposite direction as well as the amount of ripple on the capacitor. With the proposed method, the capacitance value is reduced by approximately five times. Reducing the size of the capacitor also provides the use of film-capacitors with a longer life. The other contribution of this study is designing a faster and more stable fully-digital control system, instead of the commonly used analogue controller of interleaved PFC boost converter. A 3.3 kW interleaved PFC boost converter is designed to verify the effect of the designed dynamic voltage compensator and digital controller.

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Gao, Tian, Qi Wang, Yan Yang, and He He. "Modeling and Design of High Power Half-Bridge LLC Resonant Converter." Advanced Materials Research 711 (June 2013): 367–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.711.367.

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ntroduction was made to the working principle of topology for the half-bridge LLC resonant converter. Steady-state models of the high power LLC resonant network were researched. The high power half-bridge LLC converter was modeled and analyzed with First Harmonic Approach so as to obtain the optimal parameters. The turn ration of the converter was selected. The resonant inductance, resonant capacitance and excitation inductance were designed. The feasibility of the high power LLC converter design has been verified through simulation.

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Mohammadzadeh Shahir, Farzad, Meysam Gheisarnejad, and Mohammad-Hassan Khooban. "A New Transformer-Less Structure for a Boost DC-DC Converter with Suitable Voltage Stress." Automation 2, no. 4 (October 11, 2021): 220–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/automation2040014.

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In this paper, a new structure is proposed for a boost dc–dc converter based on the voltage-lift (VL) technique. The main advantages of the proposed converter are its lack of transformer, simple structure, free and low input current ripple, high voltage gain capability by using an input source, suitable voltage stress on semiconductors and lower output capacitance. Herein, the analysis of the proposed converter operating and its elements voltage and current relations in continuous conduction mode (CCM) and discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) are presented, and the voltage gain of each operating mode is individually calculated. Additionally, the critical inductance, current stress of switches, calculation of passive components’ values and efficiency are analyzed. In addition, the proposed converter is compared with other studied boost converters in terms of ideal voltage gain in the CCM and the number of active and passive components, maximum voltage stress on semiconductors, and situation of input current ripples. The correctness of the theoretical concepts is examined from the experimental results using the laboratory prototype.

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Migliazza, Giovanni, Emilio Carfagna, Giampaolo Buticchi, Fabio Immovilli, and Emilio Lorenzani. "Effect of Semiconductor Parasitic Capacitances on Ground Leakage Current in Three-Phase Current Source Inverters." Energies 14, no. 21 (November 5, 2021): 7364. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14217364.

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This paper investigates the influence of power semiconductor parasitic components on the ground leakage current in the three-phase Current Source Inverter topology, in the literature called H7 or CSI7. This topology allows reducing converter conduction losses with respect to the classic CSI, but at the same time makes the topology more susceptible to the parasitic capacitances of the semiconductors devices. In the present work, a grid-connected converter for photovoltaic power systems is considered as a case study, to investigate the equivalent circuit for ground leakage current. The same analysis can be extended to applications regarding electric drives, since the HF model of electric machines is characterized by stray capacitance between windings and the stator slots/motor frame. Simulation results proved the correctness of the proposed simplified common-mode circuit and highlighted the need of an additional common-mode inductor filter in case of resonance frequencies of the common-mode circuit close to harmonics of the power converter switching frequency. Experimental results are in agreement with the theoretical analysis.

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Al-Absi, Munir, Zainulabideen Khalifa, and Alaa Hussein. "A New Capacitor-Less Buck DC-DC Converter for LED Applications." Active and Passive Electronic Components 2017 (2017): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2365848.

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In this paper, a new capacitor-less DC-DC converter is proposed to be used as a light emitting diode (LED) driver. The design is based on the utilization of the internal capacitance of the LED to replace the smoothing capacitor. LED lighting systems usually have many LEDs for better illumination that can reach multiple tens of LEDs. Such configuration can be utilized to enlarge the total internal capacitance and hence minimize the output ripple. Also, the switching frequency is selected such that a minimum ripple appears at the output. The functionality of the proposed design is confirmed experimentally and the efficiency of the driver is 85% at full load.

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Vijayalakshmi, S., K. R. Vairamani, and P. Gayathri Devi. "Design and Simulation of Discrete Controller for DC-DC Converter." Applied Mechanics and Materials 310 (February 2013): 498–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.310.498.

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This paper describes boost converter with closed loop discrete Proportional, Integral and Derivative (PID) controller are designed and simulated. The dynamic performance of the boost converter can be improved by the design of discrete PID PWM controller. Discrete PI Controller, Analog PI & PID Controller of boost converter is designed and simulated whose performance parameters are compared with the Discrete PID Controller is illustrated. The DC–DC converter can withstand its regulation performance with the variations in input supply voltage, circuit inductance, capacitance and load resistance.

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Salem, Marwa S., Diana Borca Tasciuc, A. A. Zekry, and H. F. Ragai. "Fabrication and Test of Electrostatic MEMS Converter Found in Energy Scavenging Systems." Advanced Materials Research 403-408 (November 2011): 4557–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.403-408.4557.

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This paper introduces the steps for fabricating an electrostatic MEMS converter found in energy scavenging systems. The fabrication carried out at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) clean room, Troy, New York, USA. The testing results for the fabricated converter are presented. The main objective of fabricating and testing the electrostatic MEMS converter is to verify the new idea of enhancing its output power by including the effect of its parallel capacitance in the output power equation.

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Zhu, Dongdi, Jiongjiong Mo, Shiyi Xu, Yongheng Shang, Zhiyu Wang, Zhengliang Huang, and Faxin Yu. "A New Capacitance-to-Frequency Converter for On-Chip Capacitance Measurement and Calibration in CMOS Technology." Journal of Electronic Testing 32, no. 3 (April 23, 2016): 393–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10836-016-5584-2.

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WAWRYN, KRZYSZTOF, ROBERT SUSZYNSKI, and BOGDAN STRZESZEWSKI. "A LOW POWER DIGITALLY ERROR CORRECTED 2.5 BIT PER STAGE PIPELINED A/D CONVERTER USING CURRENT-MODE SIGNALS." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 20, no. 01 (February 2011): 29–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126611007050.

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This paper, presents a novel low power current mode 9 bit pipelined a/d converter. The a/d converter structure is composed of three 2.5 bit stages and one 3 bit stage operating in current mode and a final comparator which converts the analog current signal into a digital voltage signal. All the building blocks of the converter were designed in CMOS AMS 0.35 μm technology, simulated, and then a prototype converter was manufactured and measured to verify the proposed concept. The performances of the converter are compared to performances of known voltage-mode switched-capacitance and current-mode switched-current converter structures. Low power consumption and small chip area are the advantages of the proposed converter.

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Bruschi, P., D. Navarrini, G. Barillaro, and A. Gola. "A Precise Capacitance-to-Pulse Width Converter for Integrated Sensors." Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing 42, no. 2 (January 2005): 185–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10470-005-5753-1.

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Lotters, J. C., W. Olthuis, P. H. Veltink, and P. Bergveld. "A sensitive differential capacitance to voltage converter for sensor applications." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 48, no. 1 (1999): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/19.755066.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Capacitance converter'

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