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Academic literature on the topic 'Capacitation des spermatozoïdes'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Capacitation des spermatozoïdes"
Pilikian, Sylvia. "Étude de l'effet de différents milieux physiologiques et synthétiques sur l'évolution de la mobilité et de la réaction acrosomale des spermatozoïdes humains." Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO1T066.
Full textMartin, Andréane. "La capacitation des spermatozoïdes porcins et équins : une question de protéines." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26548.
Full textAfter ejaculation spermatozoa must undergo a maturation to be able to fertilize an oocyte. The collective events that lead to this capability are named capacitation. Although capacitation was first discovered more than sixty years ago, the events and regulation of this maturation are still not fully understood. Also, the equine and porcine species has several reproductive issues believed to be caused by defects in sperm capacitation. Thus, the study of stallion sperm surface protein modification during capacitation could help to ameliorate advanced reproductive technologies in the horse and the pig. The aim of the first study was to establish the best in vitro conditions to promote horse sperm capacitation and to characterize the sperm using different tests. Our second objective was to optimize a surface biotinylation protocol to prevent biotin labeling of internal sperm proteins in order to study the surface membrane protein changes during capacitation.
Rode, Baptiste. "Rôle de la protéine TAT1/SLC26A8 dans la mobilité et la capacitation des spermatozoïdes." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA077030.
Full textTAT1/SLC26A8 is a member of the SLC26 family of anion transporters, expressed at the plasma membrane of human and mouse male germ cells; in mature sperm, TAT1 protein is adressed at the annulus, a structure located at the jonction of the midpiece and principal piece of the flagellum. We previously reported that Tatl⁻/⁻ mâles are stérile due to severe asthenozoospermia associated with flagellar structure and capacitation defects. The CFTR channel, a partner of several SLC26 members, is also expressed in sperm where it regulates chloride and bicarbonate fluxes responsible for sperm modifications during capacitation (i. E. Increase of intracellular pH and cAMP, plasma membrane hyperpolarization, protein hyperphosphorylation). During my thesis, I have shown, in vitro, the physical interaction between TAT1 and CFTR together with the stimulation of CFTR activity by TATl. I have also observed that Tatl⁻/⁻ sperm display cAMP regulation defects and that protein hyperphosphorylation and flagellar beating are rescued by permeant cAMP analogs. These results indicate that TATl might regulate sperm capacitation by cooperating with thé CFTR channel. I have also studied the structural role of TATl and demonstrated a physical interaction between TATl and SEPT4. Analysis of both proteins and of annulus structure in sperm from Sept4" and Tatl" mice and from an asthenozoospermie patient provide new informations about the mechanisms involved in the formation of this structure and its role in sperm flagellum
Beaulieu, Martin. "Implication des extracellular signal-regulated kinases dans la capacitation des spermatozoïdes porcins." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/24019/24019.pdf.
Full textLachance, Catherine. "Les protéines chaperonnes Hsp60 et Grp78 : localisation dans les spermatozoïdes, le système reproducteur de la femme et leurs effets sur les différentes fonctions des spermatozoïdes humains." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/24074/24074.pdf.
Full textLachance, Catherine. "LES INTERMÉDIAIRES DE LA VOIE JAK / STAT DANS LES SPERMATOZOÏDES HUMAINS." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29583/29583.pdf.
Full textPoirier, Édith. "Le fractionnement membranaire et les partenaires d'interaction de la tyrosine kinase YES1 chez les spermatozoïdes humains." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23228.
Full textChevrier, Claude. "Motilité des spermatozoïdes de mammifères et facteurs susceptibles de l'influencer." Tours, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOUR4004.
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Whitfield, Marjorie. "Modèle murin invalidé pour les LXRs : dyslipidémie et impact sur la maturation post-testiculaire des gamètes." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAC010/document.
Full textThe acquisition of fertile spermatozoa is a long and multi-stage process, beginning with the production of male gametes in the testis. Spermatozoa then undergo two successive maturation steps, first during the epididymal transit and then in the female genital tract during the capacitation process. The post-testicular maturation particularly impacts sperm lipid composition, leading to a higher membrane fluidity considered to be essential for fertilization. The results presented in this work show the importance of epididymal lipid homeostasis for sperm lipid maturation and acquisition of fertilizing ability. At the molecular level, lipid homeostasis is regulated by the LXRs (α and β isoforms), the oxysterol nuclear receptors (NR1H3 and NR1H2, respectively). A cholesterol-enriched diet in young LXR-null mice leads to infertility with a specific epididymal alteration. Sperm epididymal maturation is altered, leading to defects in lipid and protein composition of the spermatic plasma membrane. These defects have detrimental effects on the capacitation process, characterized by disturbances of calcium flows and tyrosine phosphorylation. In addition to their endocrine effects, dyslipidemia also appear to affect post-testicular maturation. These results have to be considered in the context of ART protocols, since the plasma lipid status is not part of the routine examinations for couples in ART protocols. Concomitantly, in France, 55% of men aged 30-54 are dyslipidemic, suggesting that these lipid metabolic disorders could alter sperm post-testicular maturation, causing a number of infertility and / or ART failures
Emiliozzi, Clélia. "Dialogue transmembranaire au cours de la capacitation des spermatozoi͏̈des humains : rôle des phosphorylations sur tyrosine." Montpellier 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON1T019.
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