Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Capacités de production'
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Garrab, Mehdi. "L'apport des ressources, capacités et capacités dynamiques à la performance." Thesis, Paris 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA020075.
Full textIn this thesis we have tried to explain business performance based on the resource-based View (RBV) and the Dynamic capabilities View (DCV), two approaches within the resource-based theory (RBT)that benefits from being integrated. To address the problem, we have developed two main stream of research: "The detention of resources / capabilities and performance" and "The management of resources / capabilities and performance." The first conceptual model presented the relations linking the various operational capabilities to performance. The global conceptual model has focused the relation “Ordinary capabilities – Environment – Diversification strategy- Dynamic capabilities –Performance”. Our epistemological position in this research wished to be positivist. At the methodological level we opted for a hypothetical-deductive approach with a quantitative approach based on secondary data collected from the French database DIANE and INSEE statistics, and to evaluate capabilities we used the DEA method. The first empirical study that aims on “ordinary capabilities – performance” link, is based on four industries samples representing the French manufacturing industry: the pharmaceutical industry, the automotive industry, the chemical industry and the clothing industry. The second study tested the empirical model linking ordinary capabilities,dynamic capabilities, environment and diversification, based on a multisectorial sample comprising the four sectors. The results revealed first the importance of financial capability for all sectors, second the moderating role of the environment and the diversification and thirdly the magnitudes of dynamic learning (absorption) and adaptive capabilities in explaining performance. These results could serve managerial decisions and public policy
Rubinstein, Marianne. "La dynamique des capacités de production : le rôle des degrés d'utilisation des facteurs." Aix-Marseille 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX24004.
Full textBenlogab, Amara. "Influence des capacités de stockage dans les problèmes d'ordonnancement de production." Grenoble INPG, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPG0004.
Full textMarchandise, Patrice. "Entrainement et transfert des capacités de production sequentielle en expression corporelle et langagière chez l'enfant." Thesis, Lille 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL30019.
Full textMemory processes implied in the recall of sequences of informations must be distinguished from those required to memorize informations pers e. We applied this distinction to the memory of motor sequences. Indeed to motor tasks appeal to memory of order when several actions have to be produced following a given sequence. Moreover is motor production not only concerned with body movements but also with speech production. Thus can we hypothesize that training an individual in memorizing and producing motor sequences has positive effects on its own capacities of language memory and production, language being sequential by nature. The present thesis examines the transfer of motor sequential production capacities to language sequential production ones : the probable relative independence of memory-of-order's processes is at the core of our working hypothesis. Three training studies have been realized in schools, with children aged 7 to 8 years. The first evaluates the possibility of re-investing a sequential motor training in the production of language. The second one focuses on the consequences of training different formats of representation, on memory of order. The third study raises the question of potential positive effects of strategy awareness when being trained in memory of order. Overall, practice-oriented training in children, based on the production of motor sequences, revealed to be beneficial to memory of sequences in other areas. Results suggest some possible pedagogical refinements in school, including multidisciplinary in educational settings
De, Luca Astrid. "Etude comparative des capacités de production d'astaxanthine par culture de microalgues : du criblage au photobioréacteur." Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT4068.
Full textMicroalga possess a metabolic plasticity that leads to the production of diverse molecules of high biotechnological interest such as astaxanthin (ATX) with powerful antoixidant properties. The first trials at industrial level investigated the culture of Haematococcus pluvialis with a two step process. They highlighted productivity loss linked to the species features. Then, the aim of this phD work was to characterize this blocking point in the frame of cultivation in vertical photobioreactors aimed to be used in facades of buildings. This study showed that the culture of H.pluvialis in phtobioreactors is regulally infected with fungal parasite, which seems endemic in every tested strains of H.pluvialis. In order to limit the impact of the parasite,solutions such as control of culture conditions and application of fungicides has been developped and were partially efficient. Another solution was to screen strains collection in order to make the astaxanthin production by another microalgae. A bi-dimensional and fast screening method adapted to carotenogenesis induction is developped and identified a strain able to produce ATX in the continous mode. This conclusion is confirmed by culture in PBR of 1l , in which capacities of the two strains were compared on the basis of biomass volumetric productivity and ATX content and volumetric productivity. Eventually, the two strains display a similar biomass and ATX productivity, but with more reliability for the other strain
Le, Lan Maryse, and Lan Maryse Le. "Mutualisation des capacités de production entre entreprises forestières : cas d'études des coopératives forestières du Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37054.
Full textTableau d'honneur de la Faculté des études supérieures et postdoctorales
De nouvelles formes de compétition jusqu’ici inconnues des entreprises du secteur forestier ont fait leur apparition dans la dernière décennie. Pour performer, les entreprises forestières doivent désormais opter pour de nouvelles stratégies organisationnelles qui leur permettront d’accroître leur compétitivité et leur agilité. Le défi réside dans l’équilibre de leur capacité de production qui doit être suffisante pour répondre à la variation de la demande sans qu’elle ne devienne excédentaire et ou sous-utilisée. La stratégie étudiée dans le cadre de cette étude est celle de la collaboration interentreprises, plus précisément celle du partage de ressources (expertise, matériel, monétaire) entre des entreprises forestières de tous les secteurs d’activités. L’objectif principal de l’étude est de développer un cadre de référence pour guider les entreprises forestières à saisir davantage les opportunités de collaboration. Dans un premier temps, des entrevues individuelles ont été menées avec huit entreprises forestières afin de connaître leur compréhension et leur volonté de collaborer. Dans un deuxième temps, les dimensions conceptuelles qui forment la structure de la collaboration interentreprises ont fait l’objet d’un groupe focus de discussion entre 14 dirigeants d’entreprises forestières. Finalement, quatre situations réelles de collaboration interentreprises ont été étudiées pour déterminer les conditions requises à l’instauration des ententes de collaboration. Les résultats démontrent que le succès de la collaboration est initialement une question de volonté, mais aussi de contexte favorable. Ce succès peut toutefois être compromis par plusieurs facteurs dont le manque de confiance. Le cadre de référence permet d’outrepasser les différences individuelles des entreprises pour qu’elles puissent saisir les opportunités de collaboration. L’identification des besoins de l’entreprise et de son potentiel de collaboration est une prémisse essentielle à l’instauration des ententes de collaboration. Le cadre de référence des relations de collaboration illustre ainsi la progression entre différents niveaux de collaboration structurés en huit dimensions. Une application du cadre de référence à une situation fictive de collaboration a finalement permis de démontrer son adaptabilité au contexte forestier québécois. La collaboration, principalement la mutualisation des ressources, permet aux entreprises forestières de mieux utiliser les capacités de production existantes.
De nouvelles formes de compétition jusqu’ici inconnues des entreprises du secteur forestier ont fait leur apparition dans la dernière décennie. Pour performer, les entreprises forestières doivent désormais opter pour de nouvelles stratégies organisationnelles qui leur permettront d’accroître leur compétitivité et leur agilité. Le défi réside dans l’équilibre de leur capacité de production qui doit être suffisante pour répondre à la variation de la demande sans qu’elle ne devienne excédentaire et ou sous-utilisée. La stratégie étudiée dans le cadre de cette étude est celle de la collaboration interentreprises, plus précisément celle du partage de ressources (expertise, matériel, monétaire) entre des entreprises forestières de tous les secteurs d’activités. L’objectif principal de l’étude est de développer un cadre de référence pour guider les entreprises forestières à saisir davantage les opportunités de collaboration. Dans un premier temps, des entrevues individuelles ont été menées avec huit entreprises forestières afin de connaître leur compréhension et leur volonté de collaborer. Dans un deuxième temps, les dimensions conceptuelles qui forment la structure de la collaboration interentreprises ont fait l’objet d’un groupe focus de discussion entre 14 dirigeants d’entreprises forestières. Finalement, quatre situations réelles de collaboration interentreprises ont été étudiées pour déterminer les conditions requises à l’instauration des ententes de collaboration. Les résultats démontrent que le succès de la collaboration est initialement une question de volonté, mais aussi de contexte favorable. Ce succès peut toutefois être compromis par plusieurs facteurs dont le manque de confiance. Le cadre de référence permet d’outrepasser les différences individuelles des entreprises pour qu’elles puissent saisir les opportunités de collaboration. L’identification des besoins de l’entreprise et de son potentiel de collaboration est une prémisse essentielle à l’instauration des ententes de collaboration. Le cadre de référence des relations de collaboration illustre ainsi la progression entre différents niveaux de collaboration structurés en huit dimensions. Une application du cadre de référence à une situation fictive de collaboration a finalement permis de démontrer son adaptabilité au contexte forestier québécois. La collaboration, principalement la mutualisation des ressources, permet aux entreprises forestières de mieux utiliser les capacités de production existantes.
New forms of unknown competition between forestry companies have emerged in the last decade. To perform, forest companies need to find new organizational strategies to increase their competitiveness and agility. The challenge is to balance their production capacity so it can be enough to meet variation in the demand without becoming in excess and unutilized. This study focusses on the strategy of inter-firm collaboration, more specifically resource sharing (expertise, equipment, financial) between competing forest companies. The main objective is to develop a framework to help forest companies grasping more collaboration opportunities. As a first step, one-on-one interviews were done with eight forest companies to assess comprehension and willingness about collaboration. In a second step, the conceptual dimensions of business collaboration were discussed in a focus group with 14 forest companies. Finally, four business collaboration cases were explored to determine the required conditions for collaborative agreements. Results show that the success of the collaboration is mostly a matter of willingness but also favorable context. This success, however, can be compromised by several factors including lack of trust. The proposed framework enables to go beyond companies’ individual differences to seize collaboration opportunities. Identifying business needs and its collaboration potential is therefore an essential premise for developing collaboration agreements. The framework for collaborative relationships illustrates the progression between different levels of structured collaboration in eight dimensions. The application of the reference framework to a fictitious situation of collaboration has finally demonstrated its adaptability to the Quebec forestry context. Collaboration, mainly the pooling of resources, allows forest companies to make better use of existing production capacities.
New forms of unknown competition between forestry companies have emerged in the last decade. To perform, forest companies need to find new organizational strategies to increase their competitiveness and agility. The challenge is to balance their production capacity so it can be enough to meet variation in the demand without becoming in excess and unutilized. This study focusses on the strategy of inter-firm collaboration, more specifically resource sharing (expertise, equipment, financial) between competing forest companies. The main objective is to develop a framework to help forest companies grasping more collaboration opportunities. As a first step, one-on-one interviews were done with eight forest companies to assess comprehension and willingness about collaboration. In a second step, the conceptual dimensions of business collaboration were discussed in a focus group with 14 forest companies. Finally, four business collaboration cases were explored to determine the required conditions for collaborative agreements. Results show that the success of the collaboration is mostly a matter of willingness but also favorable context. This success, however, can be compromised by several factors including lack of trust. The proposed framework enables to go beyond companies’ individual differences to seize collaboration opportunities. Identifying business needs and its collaboration potential is therefore an essential premise for developing collaboration agreements. The framework for collaborative relationships illustrates the progression between different levels of structured collaboration in eight dimensions. The application of the reference framework to a fictitious situation of collaboration has finally demonstrated its adaptability to the Quebec forestry context. Collaboration, mainly the pooling of resources, allows forest companies to make better use of existing production capacities.
Marchal, Ingrid. "Modification des capacités de glycosylation des cellules d'insectes." Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00258437.
Full textNous nous sommes d'abord attachés à comprendre la voie de maturation des N-glycannes dans des cellules Sf9. L'utilisation d'inhibiteurs de la maturation ou du trafic intracellulaire nous a permis d'identifier des intermédiaires clés et de confirmer l'hypothèse que la maturation des N-glycannes dans les cellules d'insectes et de mammifères suivent un chemin métabolique parallèle jusqu'à la formation de l'espèce GlcNAcMan3[Fuc]GlcNAc2. Chez les insectes, cette structure est ensuite substrat d'une β-N-acétylglucosaminidase qui produit l'espèce finale Man3[Fuc]GlcNAc2.
Cette voie de maturation peut néanmoins être déviée vers la synthèse de N-glycannes de type complexe par l'addition de glycosyltransférases absentes : ainsi, l'expression d'une β1,4-galactosyltransférase permet la synthèse de l'espèce GalGlcNAcMan3[Fuc]GlcNAc2.
Notre intérêt s'est ensuite porté sur l'ingénierie de la sialylation dans les cellules d'insectes, compliquée par l'absence du donneur d'acides sialiques, le CMP-Neu5Ac. Notre stratégie a été d'exprimer la trans-sialidase de Trypanosoma cruzi sur la membrane plasmique des cellules, afin qu'elle puisse sialyler les glycoprotéines sécrétées en utilisant des donneurs du milieu. La construction exprimée grâce à un vecteur baculovirus code une enzyme active, dont une partie est retrouvée sur la membrane plasmique et sur l'enveloppe des particules virales, tandis qu'une partie, croissante avec l'infection, est soluble. Néanmoins, le système permet une sialylation quantitative d'accepteurs exogènes.
Notre étude contribue à montrer que l'ingénierie de la glycosylation dans le système baculovirus-cellules d'insectes est envisageable. Pour résoudre le problème de la sialylation, la trans-sialidase est une alternative possible aux sialyltransférases.
Chahdi, El Ouazzani Redouan. "Modélisation et analyse des performances des systèmes de production utilisant des stocks tampons à capacités finies." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24544/24544.pdf.
Full textEl, Ouazzani Redouan Chahdi. "Modélisation et analyse des performances des systèmes de production utilisant des stocks tampons à capacités finies." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/19025.
Full textLhomme, Bibiane. "Production en masse du champignon filamenteux Rhizopus arrhizus et études des capacités de biosorption du mycellium à l'égard du cadmium." Grenoble 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990GRE10089.
Full textDavid, Sylvain. "Capacités des réacteurs hybrides au plomb pour la production d'énergie et l'incinération avec multirecyclage des combustibles : évolution des paramètres physiques : radiotoxicités induites." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10042.
Full textYokota, Hiroki. "Capacités dynamiques et diversité des modèles de firmes japonaises : Une étude de cas et une illustration à partir de l’analyse historique de l’industrie automobile." Paris 13, 2013. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/secure/ederasme_th_2013_yokota.pdf.
Full textRegard to the Régulation theory. We revisit the concept of the representative model. In the theory of the Japanese firm, the diversity of firms emerged during the Japanese economic crisis in 1990s. The literature tends to treat this question as a new economic phenomenon. However, our analyses of the evolutional process of Japanese firms suggest that a long-term heterogeneity of firm models can be observed. We particularly focus on the comparison of two Japanese firms evolved in different ways through the history of the Japanese automobile industry, Toyota and Honda. While being summarized into the concept of the Japanese firm model, these two firms both established their respective sources of long-term growth: the dynamic capabilities to innovate are composed of the core competence to innovate on the one hand, and the dynamic principle of the firm on the other. The dynamic capability of Toyota is characterized by its competence to develop organizational innovations and by the principle of continuous improvement, Kaizen. In contrast, that of Honda is dominated by a combination of technological and market innovations and the principle of flexibility. As a result, this comparative study of dynamic capabilities to innovate in the Japanese car industry shows that the diversity of firm models is not an exception; on the contrary, this diversity of firms has existed and evolved in the same national and sectorial environment for a long period of time
Gbossou, Christophe. "Mise en place d’un pôle intégré d’excellence pour les énergies renouvelables. Cas de l’énergie solaire en Afrique de l’Ouest." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EMSE0694/document.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is the building an integrated excellence pole for solar energy in West Africa. Three countries have been identified as areas for experimentation (Burkina Faso; Cote d’Ivoire; Senegal). Field surveys in these territories and sector analysis allow highlighting the interactions among the solar sector actors in the three countries (political field, research and training, business, civil society, users). The realization of direct influence matrices from the results of solar energy sector analysis in the countries helped us to understand the low level of relationship among interdependent stakeholders.The results show that the public authorities are still the dominant players, despite the weakness of their willingness. Private companies and non-governmental organizations have a liaison role playing an essential task of solar equipment installation and projects development especially in rural areas. The users of the solar sector are dominated players without influence on the other players especially the public authorities. The research actors clearly appear as isolated: Their results are generally limited to theoretical courses, the conduct of experiments and prototypes that rarely reach public release phase. The constructed pole allows to stabilize, to settle and to make the produced knowledge circulate and the capacities developed by the actors in interaction within an ecosystem
Chatelain, Jean-Bernard. "Contraintes financières sur l'investissement, contraintes de capacités de production et incertitude sur la demande : fondements et limites d'une relation croissance-endettement et du théorème de H. Schmidt." Paris, EHESS, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993EHES0057.
Full textThis thesis deals with the effects of financial constraints on investment and on employment especially when it is limited by capital. There are six chapters. Chapter 1 introduces the link between the irreversibility faced in the investment decision and the capital constraint. Chapter 2 surveys foundations of finance constraints. It concludes to the relevance of the finance hierarchy hypothesis including a possible credit rationing. Chapter 3 introduces bankruptcy costs in malinvadd's model of irreversible investment and chapter 4 introduces agency costs. Chapter 5 proves that a financial constraint on the level of capital implies a financial constraint on the rate of grwoth of x capital. It also adds various assumptions such as different types of finance hierarchy and convex adjustment costs. Chapter 6 shows which economic policy are to be done according to the regimes on the financial markets and on the goods markets
Gbossou, Christophe. "Mise en place d'un pôle intégré d'excellence pour les énergies renouvelables. Cas de l'énergie solaire en Afrique de l'Ouest." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00904378.
Full textSohier, Laurent. "Microbiologie appliquée à l'aquaculture marine intensive : participation des micro-organismes marins au maintien des capacités de production des milieux eutrophes à faible taux de renouvellement untilisés pour l'élevage intensif de crevettes pénéides." Aix-Marseille 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986AIX22060.
Full textDaugaard, Andreas, and Daniel Nyberg. "Production capacity enhancements through production line simulations." Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-300131.
Full textExamensarbetet som beskrivs i denna rapport genomfördes hos Scania CV (Scania), vilket är ett globalt företag som levererar transportlösningar till kunder över hela världen. Projektet genomfördes som en simuleringsstudie av produktionsflödet hos produktionslinjen för utgående axlar, UGA-linjen (Utgående Axel), som är belägen på transmissionsavdelningen (DX) i Södertälje. De huvudsakliga målen för simuleringsstudien var att identifiera möjliga förbättringar för att öka linjekapaciteten och -OPE, och baserat på resultaten tillhandahålla en uppsättning rekommenderade åtgärder Scania kan vidta för att öka produktionslinjens prestanda. För att genomföra projektet tilldelades författarna en simuleringsmodell som utvecklats i ett tidigare examensarbete under 2019. Eftersom både produktionslinjen och produkterna som tillverkats på UGA-linjen har genomgått förändringar sedan 2019 ansågs modell vara föråldrad och modellens validitet behövde bekräftas. Därför arbetades en grundlig nulägesbeskrivning fram som sedan användes för att identifiera gapet mellan simuleringsmodellen från 2019 och nuläget vid produktionslinjen. Baserat på gap-analysen konstaterades det att modellen från 2019 inte återspeglade UGA-linjen till en tillfredsställande grad. Därför utvecklades en ny simulerings modell som sedan uppdaterades med ny indata. Under utvecklingen av den nya simuleringsmodellen användes den gamla modellen som en mall där de funktioner som fortfarande beskrev UGA-linjen på ett bra sätt bibehölls. Den nya simuleringsmodellen validerades genom en jämförelse mellan simulerad produktion och historiskt rapporterad produktion från UGA-linjen. Valideringen visade en skillnad i genomsnittligt antal producerade produkter per vecka på 0,3%. De konstaterades därför att simuleringsmodellen på ett tillförlitligt sätt beskriver UGA-linjen i sitt nuvarande tillstånd. Den validerade modellen användes sedan för att simulera ett antal olika scenarier vars resultat analyserades för att hitta olika förbättringsområden. Slutligen sammanställd resultaten från analysen som rekommenderade åtgärder, som i sin tur delades in i åtgärder på kort- och lång-sikt. De åtgärder som kategoriserats som kortsiktiga är åtgärder som kan medföra förbättringar av den befintliga produktionslinjen, medan de långsiktiga åtgärderna kräver förändring av layouten för att genomföras. Resultatet visade att fortsatta arbetet med att minska cykeltider för att uppnå de uppsatta målcykeltiderna kommer att ha en positiv effekt på linjekapaciteten, men inte på total OPE för linjen. Anledningen till detta är att effekten av andra förluster i produktionslinjen ökar när variationen i cykeltid mellan maskinerna minskar. Men eftersom kapaciteten kommer att öka markant om målcykeltiderna uppnås rekommenderas Scania att fortsätta arbeta med cykeltidsreducering och om möjligt minska cykeltiderna under det nuvarande målet för vissa maskiner. Dessutom rekommenderas Scania på kort sikt att; identifiera och minska den odefinierade stopptid som ofta förekommer, minska kvalitetsförluster och förbättra maskintillgängligheten. När det gäller de långsiktiga åtgärderna rekommenderas Scania att undersöka möjligheten att bygga om UGA-linjen. Detta eftersom simuleringarna visade att både ökade buffertstorlekar vid strategiska positioner för att förbättra utnyttjandegraden hos flaskhalsmaskinerna, och att koppla isär linjen för att göra den mindre känslig kommer att påverka både kapacitet och OPE positivt. Dessutom visade simuleringarna av kombinationen av dessa två konfigurationer den största förbättringen bland alla simuleringar. Scania rekommenderas därför att undersöka möjligheten kring någon av dessa konfigurationer eller en kombination av båda.
Masmoudi, Oussama. "Optimisation de la planification des systèmes industriels en présence de contraintes énergétiques." Thesis, Troyes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TROY0031/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we deal with the production planning problem in a flow-shop system with energy consideration. The manufacturing system is composed of reliable machines separated by buffers with infinite capacities. The planning horizon is defined by a set of periods where each one is characterized by a length, an electricity price, a maximal allowed power and an external demand of each product. The purpose is to minimize the total production cost composed of electricity, inventory, set-up (or product series change) costs and a required power per period.In the first step, we propose mathematical models for a single item capacitated lot-sizing problem in a flow-shop system. Since this problem is known to be NP-hard, approximating methods are developed in order to provide solutions with good quality in a reasonable time (dedicated heuristics, Fix and Relax heuristic, genetic algorithm).In the second step, a generalization of the model for multi-items is considered. Similarly to the first case, approximating methods are proposed to solve this problem
Qiu, Jin 1962. "Production control and capacity configuration." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28646.
Full textElizabeth, Cook. "Capacity Demands of Word Production." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487484.
Full textAlbritton, Michael. "Optimal finite capacity production scheduling with random demand." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26457.
Full textGuillard, Charlotte. "Rethinking economic growth and structural change : the role of boundaries and linkages between industries." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAB022.
Full textEconomic development is associated with changes in production and export structures. Each country masters a set of capabilities, i.e. a set of tasks and knowledge necessary for the realization of some products. Mastering additional capabilities allows countries to produce more complex products or technologies. Understanding economic development involves understanding how countries can add new products to their production and export basket and develop particular industries. Each industry has specific characteristics in terms of capabilities, technologies and knowledge and in terms of the nature of their production. In this thesis, I provide empirical evidence of the importance of both boundaries and linkages between industries to understand structural change and the dynamics of economic growth. Chapter 2 proposes a new methodology for identifying patterns of organization of industries and their evolution over time. To do this, I analyze the cluster structure of the product network built from export data. Results show that products cluster according to different factors: their complexity and technological domains, the abundance of low-skilled labor or of natural resources they require, as well as global value chains and vertical integration of their production process. Moreover, I find that technological domains and boundaries between industries are not always clear-cut and can evolve over time. In chapter 3, I study the dynamics of economic growth by examining the characteristics and determinants of transitions between different medium-term growth regimes (rapid growth, slow growth and recession) using a semi-Markov framework. Results indicate that the effect of the manufacturing sector on economic growth is far from uniform and that the measure of economic structure also matters. In addition, clusters with similar technological intensity play a different role in the dynamics of growth, and, global value chains (GVCs) may explain some of these differences. Furthermore, although the textile industry is often seen as a steppingstone to industrialization, in this study the effect of this cluster is negative in many cases. Finally, this analysis highlights the presence of “recession traps”, which are largely driven by a greater specialization natural resources-based manufacturing clusters. Differences between industries affect not only the growth process through productivity gaps, but also the stimulation they provide to the rest of the economy through upstream and downstream linkages. Chapter 4 examines the impact of inter-industry interconnections on economic performance,focusing on demand dynamics (i.e. backward linkages). I relax two strong assumptions associated with the traditional calculation of the output multiplier, which makes it possible to estimate the degree of response to demand shocks from the supplying industries. Results show that there are significant differences across industries and countries. Manufacturing industries, and in particular final consumer goods ones, tend to be less responsive to shocks in demand relative to services. Significant differences are also observed between countries since manufacturing industries in developed countries tend to be less sensitive to demand shocks than in developing countries
Yao, Yuan. "La résilience du réseau logistique : une étude exploratoire dans le secteur de la production à grande échelle des produits assemblés." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM2027.
Full textThis PhD dissertation works on the conceptualization of resilience of supply chain network. The initial definition of resilience is the quality of metal of rebounding and returning to its original shape after bending. Our study tries to transpose and apply this concept into the supply chain network, which confronts inevitably with accidents and suffers disruptions. Based on multidisciplinary literature, we have tried to develop a definition of the resilience capacity of supply chain network in the perspective of Resource Based View. In our opinion, the resilience comprises three characteristics, which form a retroactive process, absorption, response, and capitalization. We have synthesized a set of mechanisms, which are favorable for the improvement of resilience. Our exploratory and empirical study is implemented in the field of large scale production of assembling products in China, data gathered by twenty two international companies. We have carried out survey and two case studies in automotive and consumer electronics industries. By the field study, we have validated and complemented the signification of resilience, synthesized its implementation process, identified the enhancing mechanisms, and indicated the influential factors and strategic competitive advantages
Touani, Tchanko Joseph Ismael. "Développement d'une capacité de prévision de la production éolienne." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2011. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/925/1/TOUANI_TCHANKO_Joseph_Ismael.pdf.
Full textFortkamp, Mailce Borges Mota. "Working memory capacity and L2 speech production." Florianópolis, SC, 2000. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/78287.
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Este estudo investiga se há relação entre a capacidade da memória operacional e produção oral em L2 e se esta relação é específica à tarefa de produção da fala ou de natureza geral, independente da tarefa que está sendo desempenhada. Os participantes deste estudo foram 13 alunos de inglês como segunda língua na Universidade de Minnesota. A capacidade de memória operacional foi medida através do speaking span test (Daneman, 1991) e do operation-word span test (Turner & Engle, 1989), ambos aplicados em inglês. Duas tarefas foram usadas para elicitar a produção oral em L2: descrição de uma gravura e narrativa. Quatro aspectos da produção oral foram medidos: fluência, precisão, complexidade e densidade lexical. Análises estatísticas mostram que a capacidade de memória operacional, quando medida pelo speaking span test, se correlaciona de forma positiva com fluência, precisão e complexidade e, de forma negativa, com a densidade lexical, em ambas as tarefas. As análises revelam, também, que o speaking span test pode prever o desempenho oral em L2 nos aspectos de fluência, precisão e complexidade gramatical, explicando parcialmente diferenças de desempenho nestes aspectos. As análises revelam, ainda, que há uma tendência para uma interação entre pausas e hesitações, e entre fluência, precisão, complexidade e densidade lexical durante a produção oral em L2. Por fim, as análises mostram que o operation-word span test sofreu um erro metodológico na sua aplicação, comprometendo, assim, os dados gerados pelo teste. Consequentemente, este estudo não apresenta dados adequados para determinar se a relação entre a capacidade de memória operacional e produção oral em L2 é específica à tarefa em questão ou se é de caráter geral. Para explicar a relação entre a capacidade de memória, quando medida pelo speaking span test, e produção oral em L2, propõe-se que a codificação gramatical é uma sub-tarefa complexa no processo hierárquico de produção da fala que exige o controle e regulação da atenção.
Dolisy, Dominique. "En quête d’un dispositif de prises pour une démocratie nucléaire. La centrale de Nogent-sur-Seine saisie dans son milieu." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH057.
Full textSince the catastrophe of Fukushima, a nuclear accident has become more imaginable since it is said to be “possible” according to the authorities, or even inevitable, in Europe, according to some experts. In France, the majority of people lives within 200 km of a nuclear power plant (more than 9 million around the Nogent/Seine Nuclear Plant within 100 km). This is why the authorities in France have been studying the post-accident problem well before this accident (Doctrine). However, in order to be able to get an idea of the world that could result from it, it is necessary -before- to have a certain information on what is going on about the pollutant releases and the taking of water, in the environment, in routine time (including the cumulative effects). The chosen perspective is not that of an accusation of a lack of transparency (the myth of transparency is also denounced), but that of giving oneself the means of reasoning to have this “vigilance” so much pushed forward in Texts or Speeches, but which is rarely accompanied by positive elements concerning people’s lives.Our thesis is based on the fact that a strong belief in the absence of risk in France based on trust is not the solution and that it is necessary to look for gripping elements on our environment, because we are disconnected from our milieu. Based on an ethnological survey as a member of a local information commission and, on the one hand, on the Mesology(The Poetics of the Earth by Augustin Berque) and, on the other hand, on the Theory of the Empowerment and the Sociological Balistics of Francis Chateauraynaud, we propose an approach, first draft of a guide, from questions-object-of-the-control-over-our-environment which concern all of us
Kang, Dilbir. "A capacity planning system for bespoke manufacturing." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.293378.
Full textSinulingga, S. "Real time MRP with optimisation of manufacturing capacity utilisation." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234523.
Full textHasenbein, John Jay. "Stability, capacity, and scheduling of multiclass queueing networks." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24836.
Full textLeBel, Luc. "Production capacity utilization in the southern logging industry." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07292009-090336/.
Full textMota, Mailce Borges. "Working memory capacity and fluent L2 Speech production." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 1995. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/76330.
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O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar se há correlação entre a capacidade individual de memória operacional e a fala fluente em língua estrangeira (L2). Sete experimentos foram aplicados a 16 sujeitos, falantes proficientes em inglês com L2. Os resultados mostram que há uma correlação entre capacidade individual de memória operacional e fluência em L2, mas que esta capacidade é funcional, variando no mesmo indivíduo, de acordo com a sua eficiência na tarefa que desempenha.
Bergsleithner, Joara Martin. "Working memory capacity, noticing, and L2 speech production." Florianópolis, SC, 2007. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/90089.
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O presente estudo investigou a relação entre a capacidade de memória de trabalho, o registro cognitivo de aspectos da L2 e a produção oral da L2 em 30 adultos brasileiros aprendizes de inglês como segunda língua ou língua estrangeira, na Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. O experimento consistiu de cinco tarefas: (a) uma tarefa teve por objetivo medir a capacidade de memória de trabalho através do Speaking Span Test; (b) três tarefas orais (um pré-teste antes do tratamento e dois pró-testes após o tratamento) tiveram por objetivo medir a acurácia gramatical da performance oral dos sujeitos ao produzirem a estrutura alvo (Questões Indiretas); e (c) uma tarefa teve por objetivo medir o registro cognitivo de aspectos da L2 através de um protocolo oral. Os resultados revelam que existe relação estatisticamente significativa entre a capacidade de memória de trabalho, o registro cognitivo de aspectos da L2 e a produção oral da L2. Indivíduos com a capacidade de memória de trabalho maior registraram melhor os aspectos da estrutura alvo e demonstraram melhor desempenho nas tarefas orais de L2, enquanto que indivíduos com uma capacidade de memória de trabalho menor registraram menos os aspectos formais da L2 e tiveram um desempenho menos preciso ao produzir a estrutura alvo nas tarefas orais. The present study investigated the relationship among working memory capacity, noticing of L2 forms, and L2 oral production by thirty Brazilian adult learners of English as a second or foreign language at Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. The experiment consisted of five tasks: (a) one task aimed at measuring working memory capacity through the Speaking Span Test; (b) three oral tasks (one pretest before treatment, and two posttests after treatment) aimed at measuring grammatical accuracy through subjects' oral performance of the target structure (Indirect Questions); and (c) one task aimed at measuring noticing through an oral protocol. The results reveal that there are statistically significant relationships among working memory capacity, noticing of L2 forms, and grammatical accuracy on L2 oral performance. Individuals with a larger working memory capacity noticed more L2 formal aspects of the target structure and demonstrated better performance in L2 oral tasks whereas individuals with smaller working memory capacity notice fewer L2 formal aspects and demonstrated poorer performance of the target structure in L2 oral tasks.
Dillenseger, Frédéric. "Conception d'un système de planification à moyen terme pour fabrications à la commande." Lyon, INSA, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ISAL0073.
Full textDelivery date represents for manufacturing companies one of the key points of the commercial negotiation. These companies therefore need for their medium term planning activity a tool to assess delivery dates, a tool that neither the software market nor the literature are currently proposing. After establishing this fact, the thesis defines the architecture of a new planning system to fulfil that need. The main technical difficulty brought up by this architecture is its requirement of a finite capacity type Capacity Requirement Planning sub-system. The thesis evaluates the different techniques available to date in that field. Finally a new technique is proposed which features a better usage of the flexibility given by the orders' free float
Tekili, Chabane. "Contribution à la gestion de production des ateliers de mécanique : résolution de la planification à moyen terme et à court terme." Lyon, INSA, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ISAL0083.
Full textThe overall goal of the production planning is to come up with most economical plan for minimizing slacks in terms of work force, equipment and work in process. A primary goal in planning is to provide an effective coverage to demands over an intermediate time horizon. The procedure computes time windows during which jobs have to be processed, a time margin is allowed for take into account the unexpected. In a first part, we suggest a lead time reduction, what implies that the production planning receives input from shop floor control so as to correct the time margin. Detailed scheduling of the various element of a production system is important in order to do some form of optimization at a higher level. Financial target is an essential point since inventory and work in process involve significant investments. Theorical scheduling models usually assume that there are n jobs to be scheduled and after scheduling these n jobs the problem is solved. In real life, every day (week or month) new jobs are added. The dynamic nature of this problem needs a rescheduling process. In the second part of this work, we propose a data-driven simulation procedure taking into account the financial targets. In addition, the different rules that have been taken to handle various aspects (conflicts, preemption. . . ) are summarized
Camisullis, Carole. "Les déterminants de la capacité d’une chaîne logistique amont." Paris 9, 2008. https://basepub.dauphine.fr/handle/123456789/15423.
Full textThis thesis is interested in capacity determinants of an upstream supply chain, in which the last entity is an assembly line allowing a mass production of customized products. Capacity definition of an elementary production unit is almost easy in the case of an homogeneous production. Our research work progressively highlights the factors that determine the capacity of a more and more complex production unit, assuming that there are no work shortage and no stock-out. The capacity of a group formed by two successive entities of a supply chain is the lowest capacity of these units, under the condition that the supplier works for the industrial customer and the control rules guarantee the management independence for each entity. These rules are explored, to put in evidence good utilization interest of sure and unmoved information from the industrial customer, in addition to structural information for following periods. In addition, our works analyze supplying lot-sizing impact, which leads to have a safety stock even in deterministic universe. Different comparative studies were done to show superiority of the proposed rules, in comparison to those used by the automotive constructor, who is at the origin of this research. We finally handle more complex situations, characterized by alternate components supplying sharing between several suppliers and the case of one supplier providing several industrial customers who don’t necessarily belong to the same supply chain
Merzifonluoglu, Yasemin. "Optimization models for integrated production, capacity and revenue management." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0015637.
Full textGanss, Thorsten Peter. "Bottleneck Identification using Data Analytics to Increase Production Capacity." Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-298987.
Full textDetta examensarbete utvecklar en process för en automatiserad, datadriven flaskhalsidentifiering baserad på verkliga data. Följt av en sjustegsprocess ges det möjlighet att bestämma den genomsnittliga och den varierande flaskhalsen genom en automatisk implementering av ”the active period method”. En detaljerad förklaring av hur man förbehandlar informationen som extraherats är presenterat vilket är en god riktlinje för andra analytiker för att anpassa den tillgängliga koden utifrån deras behov. Det samlade resultatet illustrerar en avvikelse mellan den förväntade flaskhalsen och den flaskhalsen som utgår ifrån beräkningar av tillverkningsdata ansamlat i en vecka av full produktion. Den förväntade flaskhalsen är för nuvarande bestämt av fallets företag genom en fysisk mätning av cykeltiderna på maskinen, däremot är denna process inte representativ för helhetsbilden på tillverkningslinjen och det är därvid rekommenderat att ersätta den föregående flaskhalsidentifieringen med den utvecklade automatiserade analysen. Baserat på analysens resultat framkom det olika optimiseringsmöjligheter som är utvecklade och klargjorda för att förbättra kvaliteten på data samt den övergripande produktionskapaciteten av den undersökta produktionslinjen. Speciellt när det gällerde installerade portalsystemen så behövs det en fördjupande analys för att minimera dess verkan på den översiktliga kapaciteten. När det gäller datakvalitet, speciellt förbättringen av maskindata, behövs det en standardiserad tidsstämpling för att utföra enbättre analys i framtiden. De framtida rekommendationerna föreslår huvudsakligen att köra analysen ett flertal gånger med nya datauppsättningar för att validera resultaten och förbättra den övergripliga uppfattningen av produktionslinjens beteende.
Ghersin, Noa. "Improving asset utilization and manufacturing production capacity using analytics." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/126898.
Full textThesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, in conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT, May, 2020
"May 2020." Cataloged from the official PDF of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 78-80).
Industrial organizations have increasingly invested in IoT technologies to monitor, control, identify faults in, and optimize operations. With increasing competition, a push to lower manufacturing costs, and pressure to create 'wow' moments for passengers, and in alignment with enterprise vertical integration strategies, airplane interiors manufacturers like Boeing's Interiors Responsibility Center (IRC) are looking to leverage IoT technology to transform not only what they manufacture but also how. This study seeks to understand the potential for analytics in increasing production manufacturing capacity in Boeing's IRC. Our analysis is driven from personnel interviews, observational time studies, review of historical machine data, and value stream mapping.
We establish that replacing human-dictated job allocations in the CNC router workstation with an analytical allocation tool built using mixed integer programming techniques can increase manufacturing production capacity and reduce schedule losses, thereby increasing Total Effective Equipment Performance (TEEP). Moreover, data-based job allocations offer a 56-fold decrease in workload variance among machines, thereby establishing a fairer work allocation scheme associated with increased job satisfaction among 72% of employees. A discrete event simulation of operations in the IRC's CNC router workstation was built and tested across ten test days for further analysis of efficiencies gained from the job allocation tool in a realistic context. The simulation, which considers equipment and personnel requirements, supporting activities such as material handling, and the factory's physical layout, revealed that as-is operations in the CNC router workstation are unable to meet demand.
Moreover, a comparison of workstation operations with and without the data-based job allocations tool via numerical experiments shows that the tool's implementation could decrease overtime hours by 59%. Additional operational inefficiencies, namely long transportation times associated with material handling tasks, were uncovered by resource state analyses of simulated operations. What-if analyses simulating potential interventions led to the identification of alternative resource staffing and material storage schemes associated with 65% to 100% reduction in overtime hours compared to the current baseline, when implemented in conjunction with the data-based job allocations tool. Finally, in this study we offer a methodology for data-based strategic decision-making, where linear programming methods are leveraged to account for ordered strategic business priorities.
by Noa Ghersin.
M.B.A.
S.M.
M.B.A. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management
S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering
Egilmez, Gokhan. "Consumption-Driven Finite Capacity Inventory Planning and Production Control." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1251985130.
Full textBayram, Vedat. "Optimizing the capacity and operation of U.S. Army ammunition production facilities." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02Jun%5FBayram.pdf.
Full textHuynh, Thi Thu Thuy. "Capacity constraints in multi-stage production-inventory systems applying material requirements planning theory /." Linköping : Department od Production Economics, Linköping Institute of Technology, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-7355.
Full textLaye, Maximilien. "Capacité de production et structure financière: utilisations stratégiques dans les jeux d'entrée." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002039.
Full textKatariya, Abhilasha Prakash. "Joint production and economic retention quantity decisions in capacitated production systems serving multiple market segments." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2985.
Full textNewnam, Robert Pruett. "High Capacity Heat Exchangers for Recirculating 18F Radionuclide Production Targets." NCSU, 2007. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-03212007-150136/.
Full textXhafaj, Donesca Cristina Puntel. "Pause distribution and working memory capacity in L2 speech production." Florianópolis, SC, 2006. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/88726.
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Departing from a cognitive account of oral speech production, the present study aimed at (1) identifying the role silent pause distribution has in defining fluency, and (2) disentangling the relationship between working memory capacity (WMC) and second language (L2) fluency. Data was gathered at the Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, from 12 Brazilians (native speakers of Brazilian Portuguese - BP - and L2 speakers of English) and 9 Americans (native speakers of American English - AE). All participants carried out picture description and narrative tasks, orally and spontaneously, in their first languages (L1s). The Brazilian participants also performed these oral tasks in their L2 (English) and a WMC test - the L2 Speaking Span Test (L2 SST). Participants' fluency was assessed through frequency of pauses at and within clause boundaries and mean length of run (MLR). The a level was set at .05. The statistical analyses employed indicated that while the two first languages under scrutinity (AE and BP) did not differ regarding pause distribution or MLR, the L2 (English) speech of the Brazilians presented more pauses (especially within boundaries) and shorter MLRs than both their own L1 (BP) speech and the L1 (AE) speech of the Americans. Moreover, significant correlations were found between individuals' L2 SST scores and frequency of within boundary pauses and MLR. Concerning fluency, the results support the role MLR has in defining fluency and demonstrate the importance of frequency of pauses within rather than at boundaries in distinguishing less and more fluent speakers. As regards the relation between L2 fluency and L2 WMC, it seems that due to being more controlled than L1, L2 oral speech is at least in part constrained by individuals' limited attentional resources, with larger-capacity speakers being better able to sustain L2 fluency (with fewer pauses within boundaries and longer speech runs) than those speakers with fewer resources.
Weissheimer, Janaina. "Working memory capacity and the development of L2 speech production." Florianópolis, SC, 2007. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/90795.
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This study investigates the relationship between working memory capacity and L2 speech development. More specifically, it addresses the question of how working memory capacity and L2 speech production covary over a period of time, during learners' L2 speech development. It also investigates whether the speaking span test can serve as a predictor of L2 speech development. Forty-five Letras students of Universidade Federal da Bahia were submitted to two data collection phases, each one consisting of a working memory test (an adaptation of Daneman's 1991 speaking span test) and a speech generation task, with a twelve-week interval between the two data collections. A control group consisting of ten participants was submitted to two speaking span tests with no interval between them. Participants' speaking samples were analyzed in terms of fluency (speech rate pruned and unpruned, and number of silent pauses per minute), accuracy (number of errors in hundred words and percentage of error-free clauses), complexity (number of dependent clauses per minute) and weighted lexical density (percentage of weighted lexical items over the total number of linguistic items produced). The results, in general terms, show that both lower and higher span individuals experienced some increase in L2 speech production scores from phase one to phase two of the experiment. However, only lower span participants had a statistically significant improvement in working memory scores over trials. In addition, the speaking span test was related to the development of complexity in speakers' L2 speech, but not of fluency, accuracy, or lexical density. Este estudo investiga o papel da capacidade de memória de trabalho no desenvolvimento da produção oral em L2. Mais especificamente, ele aborda a questão de como medidas de capacidade de memória de trabalho e produção oral interagem em um determinado período de tempo, durante a aquisição da produção oral em L2. Além disso, este estudo investiga se o teste de amplitude de memória (uma adaptação do teste proposto por Daneman, 1991) pode prever o desenvolvimento da produção oral em L2. Os 45 participantes deste estudo, alunos da Universidade Federal da Bahia, foram submetidos a duas coletas de dados, cada uma consistindo de um teste de amplitude de memória oral e uma tarefa de produção oral em L2, com um intervalo de doze semanas entre elas. Um grupo controle, composto por outros 10 sujeitos, foi submetido a dois testes de amplitude de memória oral subseqüentes, com o intuito de verificar-se os efeitos da prática sobre estes indivíduos. Quatro aspectos da produção oral foram medidos e analisados: fluência, precisão gramatical, complexidade e densidade lexical. Os resultados mostram que tanto os participantes com menor e maior amplitude de memória de trabalho apresentaram algum aumento nas mediadas de produção oral em L2 da primeira para a segunda fase do experimento. Entretanto, apenas os participantes com menor amplitude de memória de trabalho tiveram um aumento significativo nesta medida ao longo das duas fases de coleta de dados. As análises revelam, também, que o teste de amplitude de memória oral parece estar relacionado ao desenvolvimento da complexidade na produção oral dos indivíduos, mas não ao desenvolvimento da fluência, precisão gramatical ou densidade lexical em L2.
Pitarch, i. Mocholí Miquel. "High capacity heat pump development for sanitary hot water production." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/81858.
Full textLas bombas de calor han sido identificadas como una alternativa eficaz a las calderas tradicionales para la producción de agua caliente sanitaria (ACS). El elevado salto de temperatura del agua que normalmente tiene lugar en esta aplicación (por lo general de 10ºC a 60ºC) ha condicionado el tipo de soluciones que se utilizan. Por un lado, los ciclos transcríticos han sido considerados como una de las mejores soluciones para trabajar con los elevados saltos de temperatura del agua. Sin embargo, el rendimiento de la bomba de calor transcrítica con CO2 es bastante dependiente de la temperatura de entrada del agua, que en muchos casos está por encima de los 10¿C. Además, el rendimiento depende en gran medida de la presión de descarga, la cual necesita ser controlada con el fin de trabajar en el punto óptimo en cualquier condición externa. Por otra parte, para los sistemas subcríticos, el subenfriamiento parece ser crítico para el buen funcionamiento de la bomba de calor cuando se trabaja con elevados saltos de temperatura del agua, pero no hay ningún trabajo publicado en el que optimicen el subenfriamiento para la aplicación de ACS en estos sistemas. Por lo tanto, los sistemas subcríticos requieren de un estudio sistemático para buscar el subcooling óptimo y maximizar el COP en función de las condiciones externas, de la misma forma que se ha hecho para la presión de descarga en los ciclos transcríticos. El objetivo de esta tesis es investigar el papel del subenfriamiento en el rendimiento de una bomba de calor trabajando con Propano para la producción de ACS, en la aplicación de recuperación de calor de cualquier fuente de agua (agua- agua). Dos enfoques diferentes para superar el alto grado de subenfriamiento fueron diseñados y construidos para ponerlos a prueba en el laboratorio: 1) El subenfriamiento se hace en el condensador: La carga activa de refrigerante del sistema se controla con una válvula de estrangulación. De esta manera, el subenfriamiento puede ser controlado de forma independiente a cualquier condición externa. 2) El subenfriamiento se hace en un intercambiador de calor separado, el subenfriadador. El subenfriamiento no se controla, este depende de la condición externa y de la transferencia de calor en el subenfriadador. Las bombas de calor se ensayaron a diferentes temperaturas del agua a la entrada del evaporador (10ºC a 35ºC) y entrada del condensador (10ºC a 55ºC), mientras que la temperatura de producción de agua, normalmente, se fija a 60¿C. Los resultados obtenidos han demostrado que el COP depende mucho del subenfriamiento. En las condiciones nominales (20ºC/15ºC para la temperatura del agua de entrada/salida en el evaporador y 10ºC/60ºC para la temperatura del agua de entrada/salida en el condensador), el subenfriamiento óptimo fue aproximadamente de 43 K con un COP de calentamiento de 5,61, que es alrededor del 31% más alto que el mismo ciclo trabajando sin subenfriamiento. Además, el sistema con subenfriamiento ha probado de forma experimental, que es capaz de producir agua hasta los 90ºC, y ha mostrado un COP más alto que algunos productos comerciales que trabajan con CO2 (datos de referencia del catálogo).
Les bombes de calor han estat identificades com una alternativa eficaç a les calderes tradicionals per a la producció d'aigua calenta sanitària (ACS). L'elevat salt de temperatura de l'aigua que normalment té lloc en aquesta aplicació (en general de 10ºC a 60ºC) ha condicionat el tipus de solucions que s'utilitzen. Per una banda, els cicles transcrítics s'han considerat com una de les millors solucions per tal de treballar amb els elevats salts de temperatura de l'aigua. No obstant això, el rendiment de la bomba de calor transcrítica amb CO2 és bastant dependent de la temperatura d'entrada de l'aigua, que en molts casos està per damunt de 10¿C. A més, el rendiment depèn en gran mesura de la pressió de descarrega, la qual necessita ser controlada per tal de treballar en el punt òptim a qualsevol condició externa. Per altra banda, per als sistemes subcrítics, el sub-refredament sembla ser crític per al funcionament de la bomba de calor quan es treballa amb elevats salts de temperatura de l'aigua, però no hi ha cap treball publicat en el qual optimitzen el sub-refredament per a l'aplicació d'ACS en aquests sistemes. Per tant, els sistemes subcrítics requereixen d'un estudi sistemàtic per tal de buscar el subcooling òptim i maximitzar el COP en funció de les condicions externes, en la mateixa forma que s'ha fet per la pressió de descarrega en els cicles transcrítics. L'objectiu d'aquesta tesi és investigar el paper del sub-refredament en el rendiment d'una bomba de calor treballant amb Propà per a la producció d'ACS, en l'aplicació de recuperació de calor de qualsevol font d'aigua (aigua-aigua). Dos enfocaments diferents per tal de superar l'alt grau de sub-refredament van ser dissenyats i construïts per posar-los a prova en el laboratori: 1) El sub-refredament es fa en el condensador: La càrrega activa de refrigerant del sistema es controla amb una vàlvula d'estrangulació. D'aquesta manera, el sub-refredament pot ser controlat de forma independent en qualsevol condició externa. 2) El sub-refredament es fa en un intercanviador de calor separat, el sub-refredador. El sub-refredament no es controla, este depèn de la condició externa i de la transferència de calor al sub-refredador. Les bombes de calor es van assajar a diferents temperatures de l'aigua a l'entrada de l'evaporador (10ºC a 35ºC) i a l'entrada del condensador (10ºC a 55ºC), mentre que la temperatura de producció d'aigua, normalment, es fixa a 60¿C. Els resultats obtinguts han demostrat que el COP depèn molt del sub-refredament. En les condicions nominals (20ºC/15ºC per a la temperatura de l'aigua d'entrada/eixida a l'evaporador i 10ºC/60ºC per a la temperatura de l'aigua d'entrada/eixida en el condensador), el sub-refredament òptim és aproximadament de 43 K amb un COP d'escalfament de 5,61, que és al voltant del 31% més alt que el mateix cicle treballant sense sub-refredament. A més, el sistema amb sub-refredament ha provat de forma experimental, que és capaç de produir aigua fins als 90ºC, i ha mostrat un COP més alt que alguns productes comercials que treballen amb CO2 (dades de referència del catàleg).
Pitarch I Mocholí, M. (2017). High capacity heat pump development for sanitary hot water production [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/81858
TESIS
Bark, Ondřej. "Analysis of tracing and capacity utilization by handlers in production." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-206141.
Full textFilippini, Rosalia. "Potentiel de production alimentaire de l'agriculture périurbaine : contribution des exploitations périurbaines aux systèmes alimentaires locaux." Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AGPT0049/document.
Full textPeriurban agriculture (PA) is becoming a central topic in research, involving debates from different disciplines. Agriculture performed in periurban areas is conceived as a tool to have territorial development and to give farmers a chance to maintain their activity. In Italy, analysis on PA have been especially done for metropolitan areas, while few studies have assessed PA under the influence of medium-sized cities, which are the most affected by the recent urbanization. While the debate has started in valorizing the PA’s multifunctionality, the recent claims on food security have arisen reflections on its potential contribution in feeding urban consumers, even in developed countries. The connection between PA and local food system (LFS) has been mobilized by several organizations and researchers, highlighting the environmental, economical and social benefits of such “proximal” production. Nevertheless several authors have claimed for in-depth analysis about the effective participation of farmers in LFS. Moreover, few studies have been focused on the practices put in place at territorial level by periurban farmers, in order to assess how productive strategies are integrated with farmers’ local commercial strategies. For this reason an agronomic analysis at territorial level is required. The overall purpose of this research is to develop a methodology for the assessment of the food production provided by PA and how it is integrated to LFS. To do so, the research answers to three questions: What current food production is performed by PA? How do farmers produce for the LFS? Under which conditions PA can produce for the LFS? The analysis is based on the interaction of two approaches: the farming system and the food system approaches. The case study is the PA around the city of Pisa, a medium-sized city located in Tuscany (Italy). The periurban area’s border consists of six municipalities, characterized by a recent urban sprawl and representative of Mediterranean coastal farming systems evolution. The analysis is based on interviews to farmers and the local buyers of their productions. The analysis shows that PA is composed by an heterogeneous composition of farms in terms of intensity, quantity, and quality of food production. There’s a high degree of heterogeneity of intensity’s production which is linked to heterogeneity of commercial choices between local and global food chains. This choice seems to be characterized mainly by indicators on farm management and land use, more than indicators on social characters of farmer, as age or formation. Considering the quantity of food production, the difference among potential, effective and real food capacity outlines the difference in estimates based on statistical and territorial analysis; it also quantifies the lack between what is effectively produced and what is really available for the LFS. This lack reflects different farmers’ strategies in participating in alternative and local food chains; especially most of the farmers coordinate hybrid strategies between alternative/local and conventional/global food chains. The network analysis highlights that even in LFS, farmers hybrid different typologies of local food networks. The parallel analysis of other LFS’ actors (processors and final sellers) demonstrates the difficulty in approaching a PA involved in such hybrid commercial strategies. If local buyers principally asserts that not all the production produced in periurban area is available for LFS, farmers reply that the capacity of producing for LFS is affected by several constraints mainly linked to regulation and commercial networks. Periurban farmers are thus adapting to the new opportunities of the geographical proximity to urban area, but an effort in coordinate such individual initiatives is needed. This coordination should integrate the territorial dimension that affects periurban food production, in order to better address issues on territorial development of such areas
Ha, Thi Binh Minh. "Contributions à l'étude des méthodes de production de masse des cellules endothéliales cornéennes humaines." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STET001T/document.
Full textCorneal endothelial engineering is becoming a more and more realistic solution to restore vision from corneal edema. This method focus to regenerate corneal endothelium by direct injection of corneal endothelial cells (ECs) into patient anterior chamber at the early stage of endothelial dystrophies, or by grafting a transparent biocompatible material covered by a monolayer of ECs. These two techniques require both in vitro isolation and amplification of ECs or endothelial-like cells. In this thesis, different strategies to obtain a high quantity of functional ECs for clinical application are explored: 1- Due to the limit proliferative capacity of EC, the first strategy consists to analyze mechanisms implicated EC cell cycle arrest and then to optimize protocol for native EC isolation or for cell proliferation activation ex vivo. This is summarized in three publications. The first publication describes the cell cycle regulation by comparing transcriptional expression of 112 genes in 6 biological models of EC with different proliferative profile: in vivo, postmortem, organ-culture, confluent primary culture, non confluent primary culture and immortalized cell line. , The key molecular actors identified using the combining microarray analysis and gene ontology methods are consistent with previous findings about oxidative DNA damage mechanism. The second publication characterizes EC differentiation process and its impact on EC proliferative capacity in old donor corneas. Analyses of differentiation/progenitor markers and of proliferative capacity underline the differentiation process of EC from the centre to the peripheral corneal endothelium. Thereby, an optimized culture protocol was developed, allowing the formation of high-density monolayer (> 2000 cells/mm2) with stable endothelial morphology. We proved the possibility to make profit from a majority of old-donor cornea grafts invalidated for penetrating graft In the third publication, the activation of endothelial cell cycle by electric pulses directly in corneal graft was characterized. We confirm the activation of endothelial cell cycle at different phases but also the damage of tissue during electroporation. 2- Second strategy consists of the amplification of ECs from potential EC progenitors. Using sphere forming culture and a new method to detect slow-cycling cells, we demonstrate the existence of "young" ECs population with higher proliferative capacity in corneal periphery. The isolation of ECs by sphere formation is one possible step for ECs selection in vitro. 3- The differentiation of embryonic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells into corneal endothelial cells is the third approach considered by our laboratory. The manipulation of stem cells differentiation would be based on the molecular mechanisms implicated in the formation of corneal endothelium from periocular mesenchymal cells described in the first part of the bibliography. Finally, in order to validate the quality of endothelial cell mass obtained, we revisited recent methods for the evaluation of corneal endothelial identity (immunolocalisation of specific markers), for the measurement of pump activity of cell monolayer (Ussing chamber, perfusion chamber) or directly in deswelled cornea using the bioreactor patented by the BiiGC laboratory