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Madeira, João Paulo, and Nataniel Andrade Monteiro. "Cape Verde in West Africa region: towards a new paradigm for regional integration." Brazilian Journal of International Relations 5, no. 3 (January 5, 2017): 545–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.36311/2237-7743.2016.v5n3.05.p545.
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The West African region has immeasurable natural resources and a market of more than 300 million consumers, contributing directly to the dynamics of the global economy. This article aims to identify the importance of this region in the development of Cape Verde, an economically dependent country that has given primacy to its foreign policy to bet on political and economic diplomacy. This investigation was a literature review, complemented through an interpretative analysis, in which the results obtained may allow to consider that the archipelago of Cape Verde needs to delineate a new paradigm of regional integration, vying for the West African geo-economics’ space and using as a platform to provide services to other ECOWAS countries, so that the gains may also revert to the strengthening of cooperation with the African continent.Keywords: Cape Verde; West Africa; ECOWAS; Regional Integration; Development.
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Moreira, Silves J. C., Pedro Cosme Vieira, and Aurora A. C. Teixeira. "Measuring the stock of human capital in Cape Verde, 1950‐2012." Portuguese Journal of Social Science 18, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 229–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/pjss_00007_1.
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Abstract The present study focuses on the estimation of the human capital stock for the Cape Verdean economy in the period 1950‐2012. Adapting the methodology proposed by Barro and Lee, based on past schooling values, we found that between 1950 and 2012 the Cape Verdean working-age population showed a gradual improvement in the levels of schooling, rising from 0.7 years of schooling in the 1950s to 5.4 in late 2012. Thus, in each year, the average years of schooling increased only 0.08 years, meaning that, in net terms and on average, only 7.6 per cent of the working-age population was attending some level of formal education. The availability of a time series of number of average schooling years in Cape Verde opens up possibilities for assessing the impact of human capital on the country's economic development.
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Kovtun, О. V. "DEVELOPMENT OF FAMILY FARMING PRODUCTION AS THE GUARANTY OF STABLE FOOD SECURITY: REVIEW OF THE SITUATION IN UKRAINE AND SOME COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD." Animal Breeding and Genetics 56 (December 4, 2018): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.31073/abg.56.19.
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In this study we introduce a comparative analysis of the current situation in the sector of small yield agriculture in Ukraine and some countries belonging to the Community of Portuguese Language Countries, such as Portugal, Brazil, and Cape Verde, in the context of the international policies for the Strategy of Nutritional and Food Security (Estratégia de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional). We used materials from the United Nations on Food Security, secondary sources from Ukrainian, Portuguese, Brazilian, and Cape Verdean researchers on the characteristics of the sector, as well as, the results from personal experience and research during the stay in those countries. Portugal and Ukraine are both European countries, Portugal is a member European Union and Ukraine is on its way to joining. Portugal, Brazil and Cape Verde are characterized by their common history, dating back to the days of colonialism, and belong to The Community of Countries of Portuguese Language. All these countries are located in different economic-geographical zones and because of their levels of development they belong to different worlds in economy. It is noticeable, in any of them, that small rural agricultural businesses have an important role in ensuring sustainable food security. Also shared by all three is the fact that small agricultural producers suffer from being invisible to public policy, in comparison with larger industrial agriculture, taking into account the different factors from each country in particular. As such, one of the main goals of the present study is to reflect on the importance of small agriculture, or family agriculture, on providing for society and ensuring nutritional and food security in those countries. According to Ukrainian researchers, the per capita consumption of food products has significantly decreased over the past two decades, which is reflected in a steady decrease in the amount of milk and meat in the daily consumption of dietary products. This is a very important factor for the food safety of the entire population and, above all, the preservation of the health of the most vulnerable groups, including children. The Community of Countries of Portuguese Language (Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa, CPLP), to which Brazil, Cape Verde and Portugal belong to, has approximately 250 million of inhabitants. It is predicted that that number will increase up to 323 million in 2050. Today, in absolute terms, and considering the CPLP as a whole, around 28 million people are malnourished. In general, from all the countries in the CPLP, Portugal is the only country free from problems having to do with food security, but the level of dependence from imports has risen in the last decade, especially of cereals (from 55.6% to 82.8%). Brazil reduced the prevalence of malnutrition to less than half, in comparison with the levels from 1990 and the dependence on imports of cereals in this country remains the lowest compared to other countries and stands at 14.2%. Cape Verde maintains a high level of dependence on imports of food products, including cereals (94.3%). It turns out that in all the countries studied it is common ground that, despite their importance for sustainable food security, small family farms do not receive the necessary support from the state authorities for their technical and technological progress, in order to produce and sell on equal conditions with large enterprises its products in competitive markets. The lack of competitiveness from national food products, which is also seen in all countries, is one of the first factors that cause the objective necessity of an innovative transformation of the field of small agricultural production.
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Johnson, Markes E., B. Gudveig Baarli, Carlos M. da Silva, Mário Cachão, Ricardo S. Ramalho, Ana Santos, and Eduardo J. Mayoral. "Recent Rhodolith Deposits Stranded on the Windward Shores of Maio (Cape Verde Islands): Historical Resource for the Local Economy." Journal of Coastal Research 320 (July 2016): 735–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2112/jcoastres-d-15-00211.1.
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da Silva, Filipa Ribeiro. "African islands and the formation of the Dutch Atlantic economy: Arguin, Gorée, Cape Verde and São Tomé, 1590–1670." International Journal of Maritime History 26, no. 3 (August 2014): 549–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871414543447.
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Lopes, Jorge, Alcina Nunes, and Carlos Balsa. "THE LONG-RUN RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CONSTRUCTION SECTOR AND THE NATIONAL ECONOMY IN CAPE VERDE / ILGALAIKIAI RYŠIAI TARP STATYBOS SEKTORIAUS IR NACIONALINĖS EKONOMIKOS ŽALIAJAME KYŠULYJE." International Journal of Strategic Property Management 15, no. 1 (April 14, 2011): 48–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1648715x.2011.565909.
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The relationship between a country's level of activity in the construction industry and its stage of economic development is a complex one. Several studies over the last forty years, based mainly on cross sectional data, found a positive association between national income and several measures of the construction industry activity. early studies were concerned with the role of the construction sector, as part of physical capital, in the promotion of economic growth and development. a dominant paradigm that later emerged is the ‘Bon curve’ or the inverted U-shaped pattern of development. More recent research, based on longitudinal analysis, has also pointed to the non-linear relationship between the share of construction in GDP and the level of income per capita. Using time-series data drawn from the United nations, this study applies an econometric methodology to assess the validity of the underlying propositions in a low-middle income economy-Cape Verde—over the long period of 38 years. The findings are in line with the assumptions that in the upward growth trend in developing countries, the pattern of the construction industry tends to follow that of the general economy. Santrauka Ryšys tarp šalies aktyvumo statybos pramonėje lygio ir jos ekonominės plėtros stadijos yra kompleksinis. Keliais per pastaruosius keturiasdešimt metų atliktais tyrimais, paremtais daugiausia tarpsektoriniais duomenimis, nustatyti teigiami ryšiai tarp nacionalinių pajamų ir kelių statybos pramonės aktyvumo priemonių. Ankstyvieji tyrimai buvo susiję su statybos sektoriaus, kaip fizinio kapitalo dalies, vaidmeniu skatinant ekonominį augimą ir plėtrą. Vėlesnis pavyzdys yra „Bon kreivė” arba apverstos U raidės formos plėtros modelis. Naujausi tyrimai, paremti longitudine analize, taip pat buvo orientuoti į nelinijinius ryšius tarp statybosdalies BVP ir pajamų, tenkančių vienam gyventojui, lygio. Naudojantis Jungtinių Tautų duomenimis, šiame tyrime taikoma ekonometrinė metodika, kuria siekiama įvertinti pagrindinius projektus mažas ir vidutines pajamas gaunančioje valstybėje—Žaliajame Kyšulyje—per 38 metų laikotarpį. Išvados atitinka prielaidas, kad besivystančių šalių augimo tendencija, statybos pramonės modelis yra linkę sekti bendros ekonomikos tendenciją.
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Amado, Miguel, Francesca Poggi, Adriana Martins, Nuno Vieira, and Antonio Amado. "Transforming Cape Vert Informal Settlements." Sustainability 10, no. 7 (July 23, 2018): 2571. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10072571.
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The lack of land ownership databases in developing countries has influenced inhabitants of these countries to occupy public lands. This situation has resulted in areas of informal housing, commerce, and agriculture, ultimately creating new informal settlements, which are becoming a serious problem in developing countries. These informal settlements contain inhabitants settled on public land without any infrastructure and against the landowner’s wishes. This process results in uncontrolled land occupation that promotes new informal areas without any proper urban utilities, positioned in risky areas, where the minimum requirements for healthy living are not being met. In some cases, this incentivizes an informal economy. Building a cadastral map in informal settlement areas is fundamental to supporting the future transformation of illegal areas, and in regulating the occupation of new subdivisions and new expansion areas. In this paper, we present a methodology developed to support the management of informal settlement areas. The method we used has the potential for replication so that it can be adapted to multiple types of informal settlements, as can the model used to register the land tenure. The model was developed using a series of qualitative and quantitative data that determine the identification and classification of buildings, along with a physical and functional description. A Geographic Information System, an initial survey of existing land titles of possession, and public proposals to develop new expansion areas were used to develop the model. A case study is presented where the land management model was implemented in Chã da Caldeiras in Ilha do Fogo, which is an informal settlement in Cape Verde. The proposal created using the results was accepted by the population and local authorities.
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Ude, Nwoke, Kingsley Ude, Ugonma Ugbor, Chukwuemeka Igwe, and Esomchi Ogu. "E-GOVERNANCE AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: A CASE OF NIGERIA." International Journal of Development Strategies in Humanities, Management and Social Sciences 11, no. 1 (March 25, 2021): 87–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.48028/iiprds/ijdshmss.v11.i1.07.
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The study examined e-governance and economic development in sub-Saharan Africa: the case of Nigeria. Secondary data were used for the study. The result indicated high internet use in South Africa (43% to 59%) followed by Senegal (34% to 46%) and then Nigeria (33% to 42%); it showed a positive impact on education, economy, personal relationships, politics and morality in the year 2017. The Internet’s contribution to GDP in Africa varies, ranging from a high of 59% in South Africa to a low of 25% in Tanzania. The West African region had the lowest regional index in the 2020 Survey scoring 0.2209 in 2020 as compared with the world average of 0.4939. Cape Verde (0.4221) continues to lead the region, with Nigeria (0.3491) and Ghana (0.3201) taking the top three spots. With respect to service delivery by stages (percent utilization index), Nigeria scored 9.7 and 0.5 in the implementation of stage 4 and stage 5 of the e-government indicator in 2020, while the ranking for the previous years at this two stages were not better. Nigeria’s infrastructure Index moved up from 0.0492 in 2010 to 0.0792 in 2020. Nigeria’s Human Capital Index also showed an increase from 0.59 in 2010, 0.61 in 2015 and 0.63 in 2020 with her Web Measure Index moving from 0.1303 in 2010 to 0.2241 in 2020. Currently, Nigeria’s e-government readiness index is placed at 0.5053 which shows improvement but strictly in an African context. The study recommended that government play a leading role in developing the ICT infrastructure, this is important for successful e-government implementation in a developing economy.
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Padilha, Maria Fernanda Freire Gatto, Alexandre José Gomes de Sá, Claudia Cruz, and Cláudio Pereira do Nascimento. "O Comércio “Sino-Angolano” no esquema “Prebischiano” de Centro-Periferia: breves lições para o Brasil hoje." Revista Foco 12, no. 3 (October 8, 2019): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.28950/1981-223x_revistafocoadm/2019.v12i3.691.
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Com esse artigo – aliando os métodos qualitativo e quantitativo de pesquisa – analisamos a relação comercial bilateral sino-angolana – China-Angola – hodierna com enfoque na questão do petróleo. Como parte de um panorama econômico globalizado, buscamos identificar as assimetrias nessa relação à luz do esquema “Prebichiano” de Centro-Periferia” – elaborado pelo economista Raúl Prebisch no século passado –. A China, um país emergente – em desenvolvimento – (ou já de Centro para alguns pensadores), tem de fato uma economia pujante com uma capilaridade ainda complexa de dimensionar. Enquanto Angola é um país que ainda pode ser conceituado – sob vários aspectos – “subdesenvolvido” (ou seja, um país periférico). Esse artigo pode também ser concebido como mais um passo para entender o que a China almeja econômica, é claro, – mas também politicamente do restante do Continente Africano, do mundo e do Brasil –. Ensejando possibilidades de pesquisar especificamente as relações da China com outros países africanos lusófonos, tais como: Moçambique (fornecedor de madeira para os chineses) e Cabo Verde (fornecedor de pescados para os chineses). Por fim, procuramos extrair das relações comerciais bilaterais sino-angolanas, breves lições para o comércio bilateral sino-brasileiro – China-Brasil – já que a China é hoje o nosso maior parceiro econômico. With this article - combining the qualitative and quantitative research methods - we analyze the Sino-Angolan - China-Angola - bilateral trade relationship today focusing on the oil issue. As part of a globalized economic landscape, we seek to identify asymmetries in this relationship in light of the “Prebichian” Center-Periphery scheme” - elaborated by economist Raúl Prebisch in the last century -. China, an emerging developing country (or already a Center for some thinkers), has indeed a thriving economy with a capillarity that is still complex to scale. While Angola is a country that can still be conceptualized - in many ways - “underdeveloped” (ie a peripheral country). This article can also be conceived as a further step in understanding what China wants economically, of course - but also politically from the rest of the African continent, the world and Brazil -. As a possibility to investigate specifically China's relations with other Lusophone African countries, such as: Mozambique (Chinese wood supplier) and Cape Verde (Chinese fish supplier). Finally, we seek to draw from Sino-Angolan bilateral trade relations, brief lessons for Sino-Brazilian bilateral trade - China-Brazil - as China is today our largest economic partner.
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International Monetary Fund. "Cape Verde: Recent Economic Developments." IMF Staff Country Reports 96, no. 103 (1996): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451809237.002.
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International Monetary Fund. "Cape Verde: Recent Economic Developments." IMF Staff Country Reports 99, no. 58 (1999): i. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451809251.002.
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Baker, Bruce. "Cape Verde: Marketing Good Governance." Africa Spectrum 44, no. 2 (August 2009): 135–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000203970904400208.
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Faced with a lack of natural resources Cape Verde has made good governance one of its most marketable products. Running parallel to the institutionalisation of democratic politics there has been an overhaul and growing sophistication in public administration, though certain weaknesses persist. This report argues that it is reform and improvement in this area in particular that has enabled this small island state to punch above its weight and achieve remarkable social, economic and political results. But will the successful formula of the past decade prove sufficient for the future? Poverty and unemployment have by no means been conquered. Much of the economic growth has been based in the tourist sector and the government is well aware of the dangers of over-reliance on a single industry. Cape Verde's midway location between South America and Europe and its increasing international transport connections will continue to offer advantages to drug traffickers. The next few years of the world financial crisis will show whether marketing good governance is enough and whether this is the model for small resource developing states.
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Baker, Bruce. "Cape Verde: the most democratic nation in Africa?" Journal of Modern African Studies 44, no. 4 (November 1, 2006): 493–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x06002060.
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This article examines the substance behind the claim that Cape Verde, a small archipelago state off the west coast of Africa, is the best country in Africa for political rights and civil liberties. Based on interviews conducted with 22 key informants in government, the judiciary, the legislature and civil society, it explores the electoral process, the political parties, the functioning of the National Assembly, civil and political rights, the judicial system, civil society and economic equality. It finds that Cape Verde's unique geography and history have played a key role in facilitating good governance, and an open and non-violent society that values the real political gains of 1991. However, democracy has not yet eradicated either gender discrimination, dependence on the diaspora or poverty.
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López-Guzmán, Tomás, Osvaldo Borges, and Ana María Castillo-Canalejo. "Community-based tourism in Cape Verde - a case study." Tourism and hospitality management 17, no. 1 (2011): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/thm.17.1.3.
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Community-based tourism is taking its place in the world as an alternative to traditional tourist destinations, especially in developing countries. This form of tourism allows for greater contact with the local community and for the tourist to experience new sensations while enabling the economic and social development of the geographic area. In this paper, the results of fieldwork carried out in the island of Fogo (Cape Verde) are presented, assessing the opinion and perception tourists visiting this island have of both the quality of the services offered by community-based tourism enterprises, as well as the potential of the tourism resources in the area. The main results of the investigation endorse the quality of services offered to tourists by local businesses and highlight the hospitality of the local community, a key element for the development of this kind of tourism, particularly in different african countries. Similarly, it highlights the passenger satisfaction with services received and the need to strengthen the training to tourism staff through aid, for example, international cooperation, NGOs and universities. The originality of this research comes from analysis of the demand made on a concrete island of Cape Verde, a country which is producing a huge economic development through the tourism sector.
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Andrade, Ladson Pires. "THE IMPACT OF TOURISM ON ECONOMIC GROWTH: EVIDENCE FROM CAPE VERDE." International Journal of Research In Commerce and Management Studies 02, no. 02 (2020): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.38193/ijrcms.2020.2028.
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Carneiro, Inês Marques, Pedro Fonseca, and Rosário Ferreira. "Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire in Two Subpopulations from Cape Verde and Mozambique: Exploratory and Regression Analysis." Acta Médica Portuguesa 32, no. 10 (October 1, 2019): 628. http://dx.doi.org/10.20344/amp.11841.
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Introduction: Children’s sleep habits are profoundly affected by socio-economic, cultural, and environmental factors. We aim to describe the sleep habits of pediatric sub-populations from Cape Verde and Mozambique using the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire, and to ascertain the determinants of the questionnaire’s score.Material and Methods: We conducted cross-sectional surveys in surveillance appointments in Cape Verde and in a school in Maputo (Mozambique). The Cape Verde sample included 206 children (mean age: 6.5) and the Mozambique sample 454 children (mean age: 8). The Portuguese version of the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire was used to evaluate the children’s sleep habits. The distributions of the questionnaire’s scores across different levels of the demographic variables were compared using the Mann-Whitney and the Kruskal-Wallis tests. We used regression models to quantify the relationship between the demographic variables and the questionnaire’s scores.Results: Cape Verde sample: Questionnaire median score: 50 (range 36 – 81). Prevalence of sleep problems: 29.9% (cut-off = 56). Prevalence of parent-reported sleep problems: 22.8%. Co-sleeping: 63%. Bedtime television: 30%. Daytime nap: 63%. Questionnaire scores are associated with the mother’s educational level, the children’s age group, and with the frequency of daytime napping. Mozambique Sample: Median Questionnaire score: 48 (range 35 – 77). Prevalence of sleep problems: 28.4% (cut-off: 52). Percentage of parent-reported sleep problems: 6.9%. Co-sleeping: 29%. Bedtime television: 33%. Daytime nap: 23%. Questionnaire scores are associated with the mother’s nationality, the father educational level, and with the frequency of bedtime television.Discussion: Parents tend to overestimate the quality of their children’s sleep. The prevalence of sleep disturbances and the cut-off values are higher than observed in previous studies, which may be due to the existence of different standards and cultural expectations across populations. Bedtime television, typically associated with more disturbed sleep, is frequent in both samples. Co-sleeping and daytime napping are frequent in the Cape Verde sample; wetting the bed is common and more prevalent than in previous studies. Bed-sharing increases the parents’ awareness of their children’s sleep quality, contributing to the high prevalence of parent-reported sleep problems.Conclusion: Parent-reported sleep problems underestimate the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire results. This is not necessarily indicative of more disturbed sleep and might reflect differences in sleep behavior, childcare practice, and cognitions and attitudes towards the concept of ‘normal’ sleep.
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MARK, PETER. "THE EVOLUTION OF ‘PORTUGUESE’ IDENTITY: LUSO-AFRICANS ON THE UPPER GUINEA COAST FROM THE SIXTEENTH TO THE EARLY NINETEENTH CENTURY." Journal of African History 40, no. 2 (July 1999): 173–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853799007422.
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During the late fifteenth and early sixteenth century, Portugal established a trading presence along the Upper Guinea Coast from Senegal to Sierra Leone. Emigrants from Portugal known as lançados – some of them Jews seeking to escape religious persecution – settled along the coast, where many of them married women from local communities. By the early sixteenth century, Luso-Africans, or ‘Portuguese’ as they called themselves, were established at trading centers from the Petite Côte in Senegal, south to Sierra Leone. Descendants of Portuguese immigrants, of Cape Verde islanders, and of West Africans, the Luso-Africans developed a culture that was itself a synthesis of African and European elements. Rich historical documentation allows a case study of the changing ways Luso-Africans identified themselves over the course of three centuries.The earliest lançados established themselves along the coast as commercial middlemen between African and European traders and as coastal traders between Sierra Leone and Senegambia. Their position was formally discouraged by the Portuguese Crown until the second decade of the sixteenth century, but they nevertheless played an important role in trade with Portugal and the Cape Verde islands. Lançado communities were permanently settled on the Petite Côte, while in Sierra Leone and Rio Nunez much early commerce was in the hands of lançados who sailed there regularly from S. Domingos, north of present day Bissau. The offspring of these lançados and African women were called filhos de terra and were generally considered to be ‘Portuguese’.Throughout the sixteenth century, the descendants of the lançados maintained close commercial ties with the Cape Verde islands. Cape Verdeans were themselves the offspring of mixed Portuguese and West African marriages. Sharing elements of a common culture and united by marriage and economic ties, mainland Luso-Africans and Cape Verdeans represented a socially complex and geographically dispersed community. Cape Verdeans, like mainland Luso-Africans, resolutely maintained that they were ‘Portuguese’, and both sub-groups employed the same essentially cultural criteria of group identification.
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Mendoza-Grimón, Vanessa, Juan Fernández-Vera, Gilbert Silva, Angelo Semedo-Varela, and María Palacios-Díaz. "Cape Verde (West Africa) Successful Water Reuse Pilot Project: A Sustainable Way for Increasing Food Production in a Climate Change Scenario." Water 13, no. 2 (January 12, 2021): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13020160.
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Cape Verde, which has agricultural land that is mainly rainfed, will be severely affected by climate change due to increased drought conditions. Scarce water availability makes this country highly dependent on imports for its food supply, resulting in more than 80% food importation. Improving water use efficiency, implementing precision irrigation could help achieve sustainable use of water resources. Cereal production reusing treated water could contribute to strengthening resilience and adaptation to climate change in Cape Verde. Our pilot project demonstrates that the safe and profitable reuse of water produced by Cape Verde’s water treatment plants is possible by avoiding water and plant contact using Subsurface Drip Irrigation (SDI), obtaining food yields between 10,000 and 7000 kg of cob/ha, with a water consumption of about 300 L/kg Dry-Matter and a Water-Use-Efficiency of about 3 g/L. These studies also showed that it is necessary to provide training to farmers and to conduct further studies to help solve present challenges. This project identif installation failures as water shortages can compromise farmers’ profitability. To guarantee the sustainability of water reuse, it is also necessary to consider economic and social factors, including that all water that is not reused is poured, increasing environmental and sanitary risk and decreasing the possibility of recovering water treatment costs.
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Górny, Krzysztof, and Ada Górna. "After Decolonization: Changes in the Urban Landscape of Platô in Praia, Cape Verde." Journal of Urban History 45, no. 6 (December 17, 2018): 1103–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0096144218816704.
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This article addresses colonial built heritage in the urban landscape of Platô, Praia’s historical center. It is based on field work conducted by the authors in 2017. The aim of this article is to define the extent and rate of change in the urban landscape of Platô, from Cape Verde’s independence in 1975 to 2017. The authors focus mainly on the following traces of material colonial built heritage: architecture, streets, symbolic elements and public spaces, while simultaneously describing their immaterial dimensions. The analysis is preceded by a historical overview, which includes the stages of Praia’s spatial development. The authors argue that the colonial legacy in the urban landscape of Platô is constantly changing in functionality and meaning, and is progressively disappearing due to rapid social, economic, and political changes combined with a lack of adequate measures on the part of the country’s authorities to preserve its colonial built heritage.
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Mehrara, Mohsen, and Masoumeh Zirak. "Ranking of Developing Countries Based on the Economic Freedom Index." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 2 (September 2013): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.2.32.
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In this paper we’ve ranked developing countries based on the Economic Freedom index. Therefore we are trying to do the analysis how this ranking is done using numerical taxonomic methodology. To do this, by estimating the effects of the determinants of FDI in 123 developing countries from 1997 to 2010, results showed that with regard to the degree of economic freedom or Economic openness, attract foreign direct investment in each country is different. In this study china, Equator, Liberia, Azerbaijan, Angola, Turkmenistan, Cape Verde, Kazakhstan, Panama, Vietnam, Bulgaria, Congo, Maldives, Bahrain, Cambodia, Jordan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Sudan, Trinidad, Belarus, Lesotho, Russian are the top 23 countries have been successful in attracting foreign direct investment thanks to appropriate economic and structures policies.
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Oliveira, Miguel Tiago, Karim Erzini, Luís Bentes, and Miguel Neves Santos. "Can the Diving Industry Promote Marine Conservation and Enhance Environmental Awareness? (Sal Island, Cape Verde Case)." Open Fish Science Journal 11, no. 1 (December 31, 2018): 52–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874401x01811010052.
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Introduction:The growth in tourism in the Cape Verdean Sal Island has been a cause as well as a consequence of a number of investments (both by the State and the private entities) to create synergies for that sector, ensuring and promoting the island’s touristic attractiveness. Such increases in the number of visitors, allied with the island’s marine biodiversity - that make up much of its economic potential - have caused the growth of the diving industry, which has become one of the biggest attractions for tourists. In light of the scarcity of scientific studies on the impacts associated with this activity and means for diver engagement, the local diving operators have proposed the development of several tools.Method:An Underwater Species Identification Guide and four underwater routes were proposed for four popular scuba diving sites off Santa Maria Bay (Sal Island, Cape Verde): “Kwarcit”, “Sargo”, “Três Grutas” and “Tchuklassa”. To better understand how the diving industry could promote environmental education, conservation and enhance biodiversity awareness among divers, we also established the diver tourists’ profile using an online survey.Results:A total of 347 respondents, of which 85% have higher education, showed that 67% stay more than seven nights in Cape Verde. Moreover, natural reefs are the 1stdive site to be visited, while artificial reefs preference increases after a second dive on the man-made reefs. The majority would recommend the use of the Underwater Species Identification Guide and the underwater routes.The results showed that divers strongly embrace the use of new tools for better understanding of diving site biodiversity and that the diving industry can play an important role in the enhancement of biodiversity awareness.
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Ramaswamy, M. P. "The Scope and Limitations of Legal Protection of Chinese Foreign Investments in Lusophone Markets and the Role of Macau Society." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 4, no. 2 (May 31, 2019): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms-2019.v4i2-543.
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The paper examines the significance of legal protection of Chinese Foreign Investments in Lusophone markets with a specific reference to Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs) with Cape Verde and Portugal and assesses how Macau SAR as a Lusophone society could play a positive role in facilitation of foreign investments. With the keen Chinese interest on Lusophone markets and its official designation of Macau as a facilitator, most studies have been focused on broader economic relations with them as a group and the present paper investigates the scope of legal protection in certain specific bilateral investment relations. The paper comparatively examines the scope of legal protection of Chinese investments in two sets of Lusophone markets namely those which have no BITs with China and those which have succesfully concluded the BITs (particularly Cape Verde and Portugal). Based on the analysis, key limitations and some potential barriers to bilateral investment flows are highlighted. The final part of the paper scrutinizes how Macau SAR could contribute to enhance investment flows between China and Lusophone markets, especially in the light of its legal system with a Portuguese influence. The paper concludes with a discussion on the need and viability of a regional investment protection and facilitation agreement under the auspices of the Forum Macau to address the identified challenges and promote the utitlity of related legal and other allied services Macau society could offer.
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Ajulo, S. B. "Law, Language and International Organisation in Africa: The Case of Ecowas." Journal of African Law 29, no. 1 (1985): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021855300005593.
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The Economic Community of Western African States (ECOWAS) was instituted by the Lagos Treaty which was signed by fifteen original member states on 28 May, 1975. A few months later, Cape Verde acceded to the Treaty, thus increasing the number of member states to sixteen. In its composition, ECOWAS could be regarded as a microcosm of the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) because, like the OAU, it comprises different sovereign African countries with varying colonial, political, social and cultural backgrounds. However, compared with the existing African Economic Unions, ECOWAS is, to date, unique; because, unlike them, it is a multilingual organisation. It is precisely on this multilingual nature of the organisation that this paper intends to focus.
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Ajulo, Sunday Babalola. "The Economic Community of West African States and International Law." Journal of Modern African Studies 27, no. 2 (June 1989): 233–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x0000046x.
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The Economic Community of West African States (Ecowas) was established by the Treaty signed in Lagos on 25 May 1975 by the Heads of State and Government (or their representatives) from Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, and Togo. They were joined a few months later by Cape Verde, thereby increasing the number of member-states to 16. Following the post-World War II convention whereby international organisations formally insert in their constitutive instruments a declaratory statement concerning their status, it is not surprising that Article 60(1) stipulated that the Community ‘shall enjoy legal personality’. Although such organisations may be similar they are never identical, and this is why the nature and scope of the legal personality of each needs to be ascertained and discussed.
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Hancock, Joana M., Safiro Furtado, Sonia Merino, Brendan J. Godley, and Ana Nuno. "Exploring drivers and deterrents of the illegal consumption and trade of marine turtle products in Cape Verde, and implications for conservation planning." Oryx 51, no. 3 (May 12, 2016): 428–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605316000107.
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AbstractConservation regulations aimed at restricting resource use are commonly used to manage and protect natural resources but their implementation depends on the compliance of resource users. The design of effective regulations should be informed by an understanding of the factors that affect compliance, considering contextual socio-economic information. Changes have been implemented in the national legislation protecting marine turtles in the Cape Verde archipelago, where historical and recent records indicate heavy human predation pressure on nesting and foraging marine turtles. We present an assessment of levels of illegal harvesting and consumption of marine turtle products on two of the islands, Boa Vista and Santiago, and an analysis of their potential drivers. Key stakeholders were interviewed to investigate the perceived impact of the main interventions employed in Cape Verde to reduce illegal harvesting, trade and consumption of marine turtles. Despite an apparent decrease in harvesting and consumption, our results suggest there has been a shift from subsistence harvesting to trade in Boa Vista. The existence of laws to protect marine turtles was perceived as a deterrent to harvesting, and awareness campaigns and a lack of availability were perceived as reasons for the decrease in consumption in Boa Vista and Santiago, respectively. Aiming to inform ongoing discussions, we recommend a multi-targeted approach focusing on both suppliers and consumers to magnify conservation effectiveness. Regular impact evaluation focusing on harvest and consumption is needed to improve the design of regulations and inform policy decision making.
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Oliveira, M. T., J. Ramos, and M. N. Santos. "An approach to the economic value of diving sites: artificial versus natural reefs off Sal Island, Cape Verde." Journal of Applied Ichthyology 31 (December 2015): 86–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jai.12953.
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Calado, Helena Maria Gregório Pina, Mario Caña Varona, Juan Luis Suárez de Vivero, Fabiana Cordeiro Moniz, Firdaous Halim, Daniela de Lima Gabriel, Cláudia Luísa Salvador Hipólito, et al. "Island geography shaping maritime space in Macaronesia." Europa XXI 36 (2020): 89–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.7163/eu21.2019.36.8.
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This paper explores how geography shapes human uses of the maritime space along the Atlantic archipelagic territories of Macaronesia, a biogeographical region that includes the archipelagos of the Azores, Madeira, Selvagens, Canary Islands and Cape Verde. The way specific geographic characteristics of these islands influence and even determine maritime uses and activities is analyzed in a three-layers approach in the following order: socio-economic analysis, sectorial analysis and uses and activities analysis. The biophysical and geographical characteristics of each archipelago will be considered throughout the analysis, highlighting the common aspects and peculiarities between each region. After a comprehensive overview of the main economic activities, the discussion suggests that certain specificities need to be taken into account in maritime spatial planning processes when planning and managing human uses at sea, to promote the sustainable development of local communities, particularly in archipelagic regions.
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Adeleke, Ademola. "The Politics and Diplomacy of Peacekeeping in West Africa: The Ecowas Operation in Liberia." Journal of Modern African Studies 33, no. 4 (December 1995): 569–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00021443.
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TheEconomic Community of West African States (Ecowas) was established in May 1975 as an organisation to promote the development of the sub-region, and for 15 years did not deviate from this mandate. The 16 member-states – Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Côte d'Ivoire, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo – restricted their interactions to purely economic matters and ran shy of political issues confronting West Africa. This tradition changed in 1990 when Ecowas decided to intervene in the civil war which had broken out in Liberia. Its strategy to resolve the conflict followed two parallel but mutually interactive channels — making and enforcing peace. The former involved negotiations and arbitration; the latter the deployment in August 1990 of a 3,000 strong multinational force to supervise a cease-fire.
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Santana-Pérez, Juan Manuel. "The African Atlantic islands in maritime history during the Ancien Régime." International Journal of Maritime History 30, no. 4 (November 2018): 634–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871418803301.
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This paper aims at describing and explaining certain common characteristics that have endured in the African Atlantic islands by virtue of the fact that these islands depend on centres of authority located at considerable distances away. Their location on linking routes to three continents led to the first globalization since the world economic shifts of the 16th century. The islands have sometimes been described metaphorically as a bridge, but we prefer to speak of maritime doors. These islands have been an entrance and exit for goods, people, culture, and ideas, opened or closed, depending on your point of view, through the modern age as European penetration spread. It includes the archipelagos of the Middle Atlantic, the cases of Madeira, the Canaries, Cape Verde, São Tomé, and Principe, and the Guinea Islands of Bioko, Corisco, and Annobon.
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Parkes, Roderick. "EU Mobility Partnerships: A Model of Policy Coordination?" European Journal of Migration and Law 11, no. 4 (2009): 327–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181609789804295.
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AbstractAs migration cooperation has grown in stature at the European level, a premium has been set on its conceptual coordination with related areas of EU policy. The Mobility Partnerships which the bloc recently signed with Moldova and Cape Verde appear as a model of this kind of coordination. Indeed their advocates believe they can regulate migration in such a way that the Union’s economic, social, development and neighbourhood policies all benefit. A simple tri-partite method is here employed to gauge the complementarity of one of the Partnerships, that with Moldova, with its broader policy context. The present analysis suggests that the political exigencies involved in realising the agreement led to conceptual overstretch. Although the Partnership seldom clashes with its broader policy context, the considerable demands placed on its coordinators in the European Commission mean that the Partnership’s positive contribution to related policy areas remains bitty and lacking in coherence.
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Mendes, Claudino F. Pereira, José L. Bernal-Agustín, Álvaro Elgueta-Ruiz, and Rodolfo Dufo-López. "Smart Grids for the City of Praia: Benefits and Challenges." International Journal of Environmental Science & Sustainable Development 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/essd.v3iss2.376.
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The current state of the electrical sector in Praia (Cape Verde capital city) is characterized by the high cost of electricity and high levels of technical and commercial losses which is caused by the lack of resources of fossil origin. It is also aggravated by an inadequate investment policy forcing a deep restructuring of the entire sector. In order to take advantage of the existing local natural resources and to have a more efficient, robust, and a fair electric system, it seems inevitable to bet on innovative, intelligent, and secure technology which allows tight integration of renewable energy –mainly wind and photo-voltaic energy. In this regard, the present article discusses the economic, social, and environmental impacts of a smart grid for Praia city. Based on a proposed SG architecture that integrates the existing endogenous resources and technologies, it was possible to identify the main advantages and challenges that the implementation of SG technologies would have for the city.
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Cabral Pinto, Marina M. S., Maria M. V. G. Silva, Eduardo A. Ferreira da Silva, Pedro A. Dinis, and Fernando Rocha. "Transfer processes of potentially toxic elements (PTE) from rocks to soils and the origin of PTE in soils: A case study on the island of Santiago (Cape Verde)." Journal of Geochemical Exploration 183 (December 2017): 140–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2017.06.004.
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Lawin, Emmanuel Agnidé, Serge Dimitri Bazyomo, and Abdoulaye Ouedraogo. "Solar Photovoltaic Energy and Electricity Security on ECOWAS Countries." Journal of Renewable Energy 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7142350.
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The study presented in this paper analyzes the role that photovoltaic energy can play in enhancing energy self-sufficiency in each of the fifteen Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) countries. For this purpose, the satellite CM-SAF database, Global Land Cover data and land slope computed from Digital Elevation Model data, was used to compute the area of suitable lands, the potential of energy, and the coefficient of variation of solar irradiation. The results show that 31.76% of the total area of each ECOWAS country has the potential to shelter photovoltaic energy system generators. Except Cape-Verde which lacks data concerning land cover, all the countries of the community dispose of suitable area for photovoltaic systems installation. Using only 1% of these areas at each country scale the amount of the whole community energy production can reach up to 7782.37 TWh·year−1. The result of solar resource repartition shows that the energy could have a low interannual variation. But, in the same year, a significant variation of solar irradiation exits between months.
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Bernardino, Susana, J. Freitas Santos, and Maryzette Soares. "Contributo do empreendedorismo social para o desenvolvimento de Cabo Verde: um estudo exploratório." International Journal of Innovation 5, no. 1 (February 10, 2017): 132–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5585/iji.v5i1.124.
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Social entrepreneurship has been recognized as a valuable tool for promoting sustainable economic development. The aim of the study is to explore the extent to which Portuguese Non-Governmental Organizations for the Development (ONGDP) contribute to the development of Cape Verde (CV). Thus, we indend to identify and assess the projects developed by ONGDP in CV, to understand the difficulties faced and the underlying motivations. To this end a qualitative methodology was used through the collection and analysis of secondary data (desk research) and interviews with the responsible of six ONGDP working in CV. The study concluded that the ONGDP do not focus on one area of activity, but several, such as health, rural development, education and training, among others. We found that ONGPs act in partnership with local organizations, which are crucial for understanding the concrete reality. CV has been benefited from the projects because of te common languege shared. To obtain resources, most ONGDP rely on in-kind contributions and volunteering. The generation of social value was achieved mainly through economic generating activities, seen as the most effective to ensure a sustained social response. The main difficulties arise from the specific characteristics of the territory and its orography which have implications for accessibility and communication.
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Grande, Marlene, and Aurora AC Teixeira. "Corruption and multinational companies’ entry modes. Do linguistic and historical ties matter?" South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 15, no. 3 (August 22, 2012): 269–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v15i3.218.
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The literature on FDI entry modes and corruption tends to convey the idea that corruption leads to a choice between low equity modes, i.e. joint ventures with local partners, and non-equity modes, namely exports and contracting, in order to avoid contact with corrupt state officials. Recently, some studies have argued that despite corruption, linguistic and historical ties between home and host countries lead MNCs to prefer high-equity modes. Focusing on a rather unexplored setting, the African countries, most specifically the Portuguese-speaking ones (PALOP – Países Africanos de Língua Oficial Portuguesa), which include countries where levels of corruption are very high (e.g., Guinea-Bissau and Angola), high (e.g., Mozambique, Sao Tome and Principe), and intermediate (e.g., Cape Verde), maintaining also close linguistic and historical ties with Portugal, we found that the FDI entry mode is associated with the less corrupt markets. Thus, our results do not support the recent contention that cultural and historical links are likely to perform a mediating role, by fostering foreign direct investment, in supporting African countries to overcome the dismal growth some have been facing in the last few decades. On the contrary, our findings highlight the pressing need for these countries to combat corruption if higher economic growth via FDI attraction is envisioned.
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Lam-González, Yen E., Chaitanya Suárez-Rojas, and Carmelo J. León. "Factors Constraining International Growth in Nautical Tourism Firms." Sustainability 11, no. 23 (December 2, 2019): 6846. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11236846.
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In tourism, entrepreneurial internationalisation is considered a measure of the development of the industry and a key driver of innovation, competitiveness and image enhancement. In nautical tourism, research is still scarce in terms of supporting business’ internationalisation. This paper analyses factors constraining the international growth of island-based nautical tourism organisations. For the research, a sample of 60 nautical tourism SMEs´ owners of six different islands in the Macaronesia Region (Canary Islands, Madeira and Cape Verde archipelagos) were interviewed. As a result, we provide up to date information about current conditions and barriers to the internationalisation process within the segment and also identify the profile of the firms with the best international performance. The study is of great usefulness for the industry as it guides on the areas that require special attention to enhance those social, environmental and economic conditions of nautical tourism firms that ensure sustainable international growth. Moreover, it helps policymakers of island destinations seeking specialisation and positioning within the international nautical tourism market to raise the efficiency of current incentive mechanisms for internationalisation, thus contributing to increase tourism competitiveness. Finally, the study highlights the importance of fostering wider cooperation among islands with common interests in nautical specialisation and the challenges that this represents for the tourism management.
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De Raedt, Thérèse. "Braving the Atlantic waves." Crossings: Journal of Migration & Culture 12, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 315–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/cjmc_00034_1.
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This article discusses three films that focus on migrants who departed from the Senegalese Cape Verde peninsula, braving the Atlantic in dugout boats (pirogues), in order to reach the Canary Islands. The year 2006 saw a phenomenal rise in migrants arriving undocumented at this key point of entry to Europe. Directors Idrissa Guiro, Moussa Sène Absa and Moussa Touré saw it as their mission to respond to this urgent humanitarian crisis by humanizing the all-too-common reality of failed migration. They use testimonies and autofictional narratives in order to give a voice to migrants and, in so doing, to influence public and political opinion. Guiro’s documentary film Barça ou Barzakh (2007) appears to be intended for a western audience and focuses especially on the socio-economic conditions that drive migration. Absa’s docufiction Yoolé (The Sacrifice) (2010), referring to Senegalese youth, is overtly political and targets Senegalese people as its primary audience. Touré’s fictional film La Pirogue (2012) tries to appeal to a wider national and international audience by compiling testimonies of would-be migrants and staging their attempted sea crossing. Detailed analyses of certain sequences reveal how words, images and music combine to convey the directors’ political and aesthetic goals.
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DIEDHIOU, Ibrahima, Salimata DIAGNE, Ndiaga THIAM, Coumba DIOP, Gabriel NDIAYE, Fambaye SOW, and Aissatou NDOYE. "Optimization of Sampling of Small Pelagic Fishes in the Exclusive Economic Zone of Senegal under the Climate Impact." Journal of Mathematics Research 10, no. 4 (June 28, 2018): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jmr.v10n4p107.
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Senegal is in a very favourable geographical position for sea fishing. Its coast has an upwelling favouring a good development of phytoplankton very appreciated by the various fish families that populate its Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). The little pelagic fish make up the majority of landings. The dynamics of this family of resources is very complex while its perfect mastery is essential for a fishing well controlled maritime. The mathematical models that exist in the literature have not address the different issues related to maritime fisheries and climate change in the Senegalese fishing areas. The linear programming model in integer numbers has been developed after calculation of equilibrium biomass, catches at equilibrium catchability by the application of Schaefer and Freon models in the Senegalese Economic Exclusive Zone. Two proposals have been developed to better explain the tools used in the writing of the mathematical model. The simulation results were led to the design of a linear integer Program (PLNE). The objective is to maximize the biomass of this family of fish resources on the Petite C\^ote, Grande C\^ote and Cape Verde depending on samples and climate change. In the application of the model, real data made it possible to test the Linear program in integer numbers obtained. This optimization study allowed us to find an effective way to maximize recruitment within this resource family. This consists in setting up several less expensive marine refuges to build in the fishing zones targeted by the study. The simulation computer program of the model is presented in the appendix.
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Frascaroli, Bruno Ferreira, and Jailson Da Conceição Teixeira de Oliveira. "Sub-Saharan African Countries’ Dependence on the External Inflation: Empirical Evidence Using Copulas." International Business Research 10, no. 12 (October 27, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v10n12p1.
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The purpose of this study is to estimate the dependence between the inflation, given by the Consumer Price Index (CPI), in part of the Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries with the CPI observed in the Euro Monetary Zone (EMZ) countries. To achieve this goal, we adopted the empirical methodology of Copulas, which was used in the analysis of the CPI, in bivariate models context. The results were controlled by the countries which adopted fixed and flexible exchange rate regimes. They suggest that the CPI in the sampled countries which adopted fixed exchange rate regimes, as Sao Tome and Principe, Benin, the countries of the West African Economic and the Monetary Union (WAEMU), Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast and Togo had more significant dependence relationship with the Euro. On the other hand, the countries which adopted flexible exchange rate regimes as Cape Verde, Burkina Faso, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Senegal and Togo presented dependence on upper tail of the distribution, i.e., for the periods of increasing in the CPI. Maybe, it means that those countries had inelastic demands for tradable goods coming from the EMZ countries. We conclude that the imported inflation is an important issue to be considered by the policy makers of developing countries such as the studied, mainly for those which adopted fixed regimes, eventually change to flexible exchange regimes.
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Fossette, S., M. J. Witt, P. Miller, M. A. Nalovic, D. Albareda, A. P. Almeida, A. C. Broderick, et al. "Pan-Atlantic analysis of the overlap of a highly migratory species, the leatherback turtle, with pelagic longline fisheries." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1780 (April 7, 2014): 20133065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.3065.
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Large oceanic migrants play important roles in ecosystems, yet many species are of conservation concern as a result of anthropogenic threats, of which incidental capture by fisheries is frequently identified. The last large populations of the leatherback turtle, Dermochelys coriacea , occur in the Atlantic Ocean, but interactions with industrial fisheries could jeopardize recent positive population trends, making bycatch mitigation a priority. Here, we perform the first pan-Atlantic analysis of spatio-temporal distribution of the leatherback turtle and ascertain overlap with longline fishing effort. Data suggest that the Atlantic probably consists of two regional management units: northern and southern (the latter including turtles breeding in South Africa). Although turtles and fisheries show highly diverse distributions, we highlight nine areas of high susceptibility to potential bycatch (four in the northern Atlantic and five in the southern/equatorial Atlantic) that are worthy of further targeted investigation and mitigation. These are reinforced by reports of leatherback bycatch at eight of these sites. International collaborative efforts are needed, especially from nations hosting regions where susceptibility to bycatch is likely to be high within their exclusive economic zone (northern Atlantic: Cape Verde, Gambia, Guinea Bissau, Mauritania, Senegal, Spain, USA and Western Sahara; southern Atlantic: Angola, Brazil, Namibia and UK) and from nations fishing in these high-susceptibility areas, including those located in international waters.
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Cochicho, Joaquim A. Calado. "A contabilidade e a imoralidade no Estado Novo (años 30 e 40) = Accounting and immorality in the New State, years 30 and 40." Pecvnia : Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Universidad de León, no. 13 (December 1, 2011): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/pec.v0i13.604.
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El Archivo de Torre de Tombo nos lleva a un encuentro con la Historia. Un nombre desconocido para las Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, José Barata Júnior, preso político en las décadas de los años 30 y 40 del siglo XX, renace sin una vida pasada en el contexto político, económico y social del tiempo en el que fue prisionero. Y también, el concepto de Historia Contemporánea –Estado Nuevo.<br />Un régimen político y dos discursos: uno el que difunde la propaganda, otro el que el pueblo siente. Salazar establece el rigor y la disciplina en la Contabilidad Pública e invoca la ley y una moral superior para el Estado. El mismo Estado, reprime, censura, arresta, tortura y practica la inmoralidad en la “contabilidad” del número de presos políticos muertos en el Penal de Tarrafal, en Cabo Verde.<br /><br />The Archive of Torre do Tombo leads us to an encounter with History - a name unknown to the Social Sciences and Humanities, José Barata Jr., a political prisoner in the 30s and 40s of the twentieth century. When he was a prisoner, a past without life reborn in the political, economic and social time. And, also, the concept of Contemporary History - "New State".<br />A political regime and two speeches: One that propaganda broadcasts, other that the people feel. Salazar establishing rigor and discipline in the Public Accounts and invokes the Law and a Moral superior to the State. The same State represses, censorships, arrests, tortures and practices immorality in the "Accounting" of the number of political prisoners killed in the Penal Colony Tarrafal in Cape Verde.<br /><br />O Arquivo da Torre do Tombo leva-nos a um encontro com a História – Um nome desconhecido das Ciências Sociais e Humanas, José Barata Júnior, preso político nas décadas de 30 e 40, do Século XX. Renasce um passado sem vida no contexto político, económico e social do tempo em que foi prisioneiro. E, também, o conceito de História Contemporânea – “Estado Novo”.<br />Um Regime político e dois discursos: Um que a propaganda difunde, outro que o povo sente. Salazar estabelece rigor e disciplina na Contabilidade Pública e invoca a Lei e uma Moral superior ao Estado. O mesmo Estado reprime, censura, prende, tortura e pratica a Imoralidade na “Contabilidade” do número de presos políticos mortos na Colónia Penal do Tarrafal, em Cabo Verde.<br /><br />
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Bartniczak, Bartosz, and Andrzej Raszkowski. "Sustainable Development in African Countries: An Indicator-Based Approach and Recommendations for the Future." Sustainability 11, no. 1 (December 20, 2018): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11010022.
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This study addresses problems related to the level of sustainable development in African countries in the years 2002–2016. The introduction presents the current situation in Africa, the occurring transformations as well as the goals and definitions of sustainable development. The significance of social order in the aforementioned development has also been highlighted. The next part of the article features sustainability indicators, selected for the analysis and covering all the essential aspects, i.e., social, economic, environmental, spatial, institutional and political areas. The applied research method was the synthetic measure of development (SMD), whereas the data for calculations and analyses were retrieved from the sources of the World Bank. The key part of the study presents the research results showing the position of individual countries regarding the level of implementation of the sustainable development concept in the period 2002–2016. As part of the added value the selected problems of Africa and ways of solving them, along with the recommendations for the future, were listed and characterised. It was concluded that the situation of the African countries, in terms of their sustainable development level, improved significantly in the period under analysis. The crucial problem is that the discussed countries are still experiencing a relatively unfavourable situation in this respect. Cape Verde and Ghana are among the countries recording the best results. The least favourable situation was observed in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Liberia, Chad, Central African Republic and Eritrea.
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SILVA, TATIANA RAQUEL REIS. "MERCADO DE SUCUPIRA: práticas comerciais e cotidiano das rabidantes cabo-verdianas." Outros Tempos: Pesquisa em Foco - História 12, no. 19 (July 1, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.18817/ot.v12i19.457.
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As chamadas rabidantes tem desempenhado um importante papel na economia cabo-verdiana, são elas as responsáveis pela comercialização de inúmeros produtos que vão desde gêneros alimentácios até roupas, calçados e lingeries. Essas mulheres adquirem seus produtos em outros paáses africanos como Senegal, Marrocos e Guiné Conakry, assim como nos Estados Unidos, Holanda e Brasil. Em Cabo Verde a venda se efetiva no Mercado de Sucupira, um dos principais centros comerciais do paás onde práticas informais e empreendedorismo compõem o campo de atuação das rabidantes. Assim, o presente trabalho visa a analisar práticas comerciais, cotidiano e estratégias de lucratividade utilizadas pelas rabidantes no Mercado de Sucupira. Palavras-chave: Sucupira. Rabidantes. Cabo Verde.SUCUPIRA MARKET: business practices and daily life of Cape Verdeans rabidantesAbstract: The women called rabidantes has played an important role in the Cape Verdean economy, they are responsible for the marketing of numerous products that go from groceries to clothing, shoes and lingerie. These women purchase their products in other African countries such as Senegal, Morocco and Guinea Conakry, as well as in the United States, Netherlands and Brazil. In Cape Verde the sales happens in Sucupira Market, one of the main commercial centers of the country where informal practices and entrepreneurship compose the rabidantes acting field. Thus, this study aims to analyze business practices, daily and profitability strategies used by rabidantes in Sucupira Market. Keywords: Sucupira. Rabidantes. Cape Verde. MERCADO DE SUCUPIRA: prácticas comerciales y cotidianas de las rabidantes carboverdianasResumen: Las conocidas rabidantes presentan un importante papel en la economáa cabo verdiana; son responsables por la comercialización de inúmeros productos, desde los géneros alimenticios hasta las ropas, calzados y lingeries. Las mujeres adquieren sus productos en otros paáses africanos como Senegal, Marrocos y Guiné Conakry, y Estados Unidos, Holanda y Brasil. En Cabo Verde, la venda se efectiva en Mercad de Sucupira, uno de los principales centros comerciales del paás, donde practicas informales y emprendedoras componen el campo de actuación de las rabidantes. Asá, este trabajo busca analizar prácticas comerciales, cotidiano y estrategias de lucro empleadas por las rabidantes en el Mercado de Sucupira. Palabras clave: Sucupira. Rabidantes. Cabo Verde.
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Sejkora, Jiri, and Ondrej Sankot. "Comparative advantage, economic structure and growth: The case of Senegal." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 20, no. 1 (June 26, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v20i1.1685.
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Background: Using a concept of revealed and latent comparative advantage, this article identifies relatively productive industries and industries with great potential in the slow-growing economy of Senegal. The identification of such industries allows for economic structure adjustment resulting in a higher gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate.Aim: The aim of the study is to identify Senegalese long-term revealed comparative advantages and to estimate Senegalese latent comparative advantages. The analysis is focused solely on manufacturing industries because industrialisation serves as an engine of growth in developing countries.Setting: The analysis is carried out on endowment structure and international trade data (1995–2015) of Senegal and appropriate comparator economies (Tanzania, Cambodia, Lao, Vietnam and Cape Verde).Methods: To identify revealed comparative advantages, we calculate the normalised revealed comparative advantage index. To estimate latent comparative advantages, we employ a growth identification and facilitation framework. The methodology is slightly modified because the estimation is based on long-term revealed comparative advantages comparisons (rather than export shares comparisons).Results: We argue that the relatively productive manufacturing industries (with revealed comparative advantage) include chemicals and manufactured goods classified chiefly by various materials. Furthermore, Senegal may have unexploited potential (i.e. latent comparative advantage) in footwear and particularly in apparel production.Conclusion: In order to accelerate GDP growth rate, Senegal should focus on developing the above mentioned industries to align its economic structure with the comparative advantages and also to promote industrialisation.
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Verguet, Stéphane, Paulina Limasalle, Averi Chakrabarti, Arif Husain, Carmen Burbano, Lesley Drake, and Donald A. P. Bundy. "The Broader Economic Value of School Feeding Programs in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Estimating the Multi-Sectoral Returns to Public Health, Human Capital, Social Protection, and the Local Economy." Frontiers in Public Health 8 (December 3, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.587046.
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Introduction: Globally, there are 370 million children receiving school meals every day. Coverage is least in low-income countries, where the need is greatest and where program costs are viewed as high in comparison with the benefits to public health alone. Here we explore the policy implications of including the returns of school feeding to other sectors in an economic analysis.Methods: We develop an economic evaluation methodology to estimate the costs and benefits of school feeding programs across four sectors: health and nutrition; education; social protection; and the local agricultural economy. We then apply this multi-sectoral benefit-cost analytical framework to school feeding programs in 14 countries (Botswana, Brazil, Cape Verde, Chile, Côte d'Ivoire, Ecuador, Ghana, India, Kenya, Mali, Mexico, Namibia, Nigeria, and South Africa) for which input data are readily available.Results: Across the 14 countries, we estimate that 190 million schoolchildren benefit from school feeding programs, with total program budgets reaching USD11 billion per year. Estimated annual human capital returns are USD180 billion: USD24 billion from health and nutrition gains, and USD156 billion from education. In addition, school feeding programs offer annual social protection benefits of USD7 billion and gains to local agricultural economies worth USD23 billion.Conclusions: This multi-sectoral analysis suggests that the overall benefits of school feeding are several times greater than the returns to public health alone, and that the overall benefit-cost ratio of school feeding programs could vary between 7 and 35, with particular sensitivity to the value of local wages. The scale of the findings suggests that school feeding programs are potentially much more cost-beneficial when viewed from the perspective of their multi-sectoral returns, and that it would be worthwhile following up with more detailed analyses at the national level to enhance the precision of these estimates.
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Christie, Tamoya A. L., and Felix K. Rioja. "Government Expenditures, Financing, and Economic Growth in Cape Verde." Journal of Economics and Development Studies 2, no. 4 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.15640/jeds.v2n4a1.
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Madeira, João Paulo. "O DRAGÃO ABRAÇA ÁFRICA: RELAÇÕES CABO VERDE-CHINA." AUSTRAL: Brazilian Journal of Strategy & International Relations 6, no. 12 (March 20, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/2238-6912.76262.
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This article analyses the main issues raised by the cooperation between China andAfrica. Particularly, it focuses on the guidelines of the Cape Verde-China relationshipthat is in itself a durable and multidimensional one. To achieve these objectives, it isnecessary to adopt an interdisciplinary methodology, prioritizing the cross-referencedata obtained from bibliographical and documentary research, allowing a critical reflection.Although Cape Verde enjoys political stability, which is complemented bya climate of legal and institutional security, it is believed that China’s interest in thearchipelago is mainly economic and commercial, as it serves as a logistics platformin the African region.
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Gueroun, Sonia K. M., Jamileh Javidpour, Carlos Andrade, Natacha Nogueira, Mafalda Freitas, and João Canning-Clode. "Pelagic Cnidaria and Ctenophora diversity patterns and trends in Macaronesia insular systems (NE Atlantic)." Marine Biodiversity 51, no. 2 (March 20, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12526-021-01174-z.
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AbstractJellyfish are important components of the marine ecosystem and present a potential resource for different economic domains (e.g. medicine, food and biotechnology). We present an overview of the current state of jellyfish biodiversity in the Macaronesia region, which includes the archipelagos of the Azores, Madeira, the Canary Islands and Cape Verde, and examine possible biogeography patterns among its archipelagos. Based on a comprehensive literature survey, historical records, richness estimation and biogeographical distribution, our search included organisms belonging to Scyphozoa, Hydrozoa (strictly benthic species excluded) and Ctenophora. Our search detected 229 jellyfish species, with a dominance of holoplankton species, likely reflecting the insular and coastal morphology of the archipelagos. Differences in species richness, endemism and species affinities are found between the Azores, Madeira, Canary and Cape Verde island systems. Shared trend includes the dominance of holoplanktonic hydrozoans, while the second most speciose taxa (Scyphozoa and Ctenophore) vary between the archipelagos. While widespread distributed holoplankton predominate in the area, species with strict affinities suggests a pattern in the spatial distribution of jellyfish, dividing Macaronesia into two biogeographic units: (i) Azores-Madeira-Canary with temperate and subtropical and/or tropical species and (ii) Cape Verde with strictly subtropical and/or tropical species
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González-Gómez, Manuel. "European outbound tourism expansion on the islands of Cape Verde." Tourism Economics, June 29, 2021, 135481662110240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13548166211024007.
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The main objective of this article is to shed light on the determinants of international tourism demand expansion in Cape Verde. The research involves cointegration analysis to test the existence of a long-term equilibrium relationship between the variables included in tourism demand using the autoregressive distributed lag bounds testing approach. The results showed high income elasticity and price inelastic demand. Moreover, turmoil in traditional tourist destinations in non-European Mediterranean basin countries, coupled with the investments of tour operators and hotel groups who are key players in the European source markets, significantly and positively affected international tourism demand. Supply side changes associated with foreign investment were necessary to increase the number of tourists. Finally, lower level of income in European countries following the financial crisis of 2008 might have favored the shift of European tourists from more expensive destinations to Cape Verde. The concentration of tourism, economic growth, jobs creation, and population growth on two islands may have affected island communities, resources, and other aspects of inter- and intraisland relationships.
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Pereira, Jairzinho Lopes. "The Council of Trent and the Residence of Bishops in the Diocese of Cape Verde (1553–1705)." Journal of Early Modern Christianity 3, no. 1 (January 1, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jemc-2016-0002.
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AbstractThe Council of Trent (1545–1563) regarded the reform of the episcopate as the cornerstone of the Catholic Reformation. Hence the Conciliar Fathers put emphasis on the much neglected duty of residence of bishops. To ensure compliance, the Roman Catholic Church relied heavily on Christian monarchs, patrons of the Churches in the territories under their jurisdiction. The present study analyses to what extent the Tridentine decree on the residence of bishops was enforced in the diocese of Cape Verde (under Portuguese control) between 1553 and 1705. The hypothesis of this study can be stated simply: despite the efforts to enforce the residence of bishops in Cape Verde, the socio-economic limitations of the diocese as well as political and administrative constraints in Portugal significantly hampered the authorities in their effort to enforce long-term residence in that overseas diocese.