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Journal articles on the topic 'Capillary electrophoresis equipment industry'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 February 2022

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1

Santos, B., M. Valcárcel, B. M. Simonet, and A. Ríos. "Automatic sample preparation in commercial capillary-electrophoresis equipment." TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry 25, no. 10 (2006): 968–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2006.07.008.

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2

Seiman, Andrus, and Jetse C. Reijenga. "Cross-correlation capillary electrophoresis in unmodified commercial equipment." Procedia Chemistry 2, no. 1 (2010): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proche.2009.12.011.

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3

Cancalon, Paul F. "Capillary Electrophoresis: A New Tool in Food Analysis." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 78, no. 1 (1995): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/78.1.12.

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4

Verheggen, Theo P. E. M., and Frans M. Everaerts. "Equipment for multifunctional use in high-performance capillary electrophoresis." Journal of Chromatography A 638, no. 2 (1993): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(93)83423-p.

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5

Lachmann, Bodo. "A Standard Protocol for the Calibration of Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) Equipment." Scientia Pharmaceutica 79, no. 4 (2011): 877–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3797/scipharm.1109-23.

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6

Kansal, Arvind K., William R. Parkhurst, and Ram P. Singhal. "A Computer Controlled High Voltage Equipment for Capillary Electrophoresis and Electrochromatography." Journal of Liquid Chromatography 14, no. 1 (1991): 97–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01483919108049600.

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7

Chadwick, Richard R., Jeff C. Hsieh, Ketan S. Resham, and R. Brett Nelson. "Applications of capillary electrophoresis in the eye-care pharmaceutical industry." Journal of Chromatography A 671, no. 1-2 (1994): 403–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(94)80267-x.

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8

Font, Joaquim, Jordi Gutiérrez, Joana Lalueza, and Xavier Pérez. "Determination of sulfide in the leather industry by capillary electrophoresis." Journal of Chromatography A 740, no. 1 (1996): 125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(96)00098-2.

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9

García, Antonia, Coral Barbas, Rosa Aguilar, and Mario Castro. "Capillary electrophoresis for rapid profiling of organic acidurias." Clinical Chemistry 44, no. 9 (1998): 1905–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/44.9.1905.

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Abstract Organic acids analysis is a powerful technique in the diagnosis of inborn errors of metabolism. Clinically, patients present with severe symptoms, and early detection and appropriate treatment are often lifesaving. Most of the existing methods are based on gas chromatography in combination with mass spectrometry and require sophisticated equipment and complex sample pretreatment and derivatization. We propose a rapid, simple, and automated capillary electrophoretic method for routine analysis of urine to detect 27 organic acids related to metabolic diseases. With this method, direct measurements are performed on samples after initial centrifugation and dilution, if needed. Separation is performed in pH 6.0 phosphate buffer with methanol added as an organic modifier, −10 kV applied potential, and ultraviolet detection at 200 nm. The assay is completed in <15 min, and alternative separation conditions are proposed in case of overlapping peaks. The developed method allows the identification and quantitation of methylmalonic, pyroglutamic, and glutaric acids in samples of patients with diseases related to these acids.

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10

Salomon, Delmar R., and Joe Romano. "Applications of capillary ion electrophoresis in the pulp and paper industry." Journal of Chromatography A 602, no. 1-2 (1992): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(92)80084-8.

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11

Kaur, Harleen, Jeff Beckman, Yiting Zhang, Zheng Jian Li, Marton Szigeti, and Andras Guttman. "Capillary electrophoresis and the biopharmaceutical industry: Therapeutic protein analysis and characterization." TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry 144 (November 2021): 116407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2021.116407.

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12

Santos, B., B. M. Simonet, B. Lendl, A. Ríos, and M. Valcárcel. "Alternatives for coupling sequential injection systems to commercial capillary electrophoresis–mass spectrometry equipment." Journal of Chromatography A 1127, no. 1-2 (2006): 278–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2006.05.077.

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13

Amarowicz, R., P. Zduńczyk, and E. Flaczyk. "Capillary zone electrophoresis separation of hydrolysates obtained from food industry by-products." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 22, No. 3 (2011): 121–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3415-cjfs.

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Enzymic hydrolysates were obtained from cracklings (CEH and CEH*) using alcalase. Acid hydrolysates were prepared from cracklings (CAH) and chicken feathers (FAH). The degree of hydrolysis (DH) of CEH and CEH* were 14 and 15.1%, respectively. CAH, its Sephadex G-25 fraction (CAH*) and FAH were characterised by DH of 53.8%, 47.8% and 46.2%. The electrophoreograms of enzymic hydrolysates were characterised by one high and sharp peak and several not base line separated peaks. More single and sharp peaks were observed on the electrophoreograms of acid hydrolysates. Migration times of the majority of peptides present in enzymic hydrolysates ranged between 4 and 6 min.  

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14

Hadley, Mark, Martin Gilges, John Senior, Ajit Shah, and Patrick Camilleri. "Capillary electrophoresis in the pharmaceutical industry: applications in discovery and chemical development." Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 745, no. 1 (2000): 177–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4347(00)00153-5.

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15

Altria, K. D., E. Creasey, and J. S. Howells. "Routine Capillary Electrophoresis Trace Level Determinations of Pharmaceutical and Detergent Residues on Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Equipment." Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies 21, no. 8 (1998): 1093–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10826079808006586.

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16

Grocott, S. C., L. P. Jefferies, T. Bowser, J. Carnevale, and P. E. Jackson. "Applications of ion chromatography and capillary ion electrophoresis in the alumina and aluminium industry." Journal of Chromatography A 602, no. 1-2 (1992): 257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(92)80089-d.

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17

Lewis, Randall E., Eric S. Ahuja, and Joe P. Foley. "Ion analysis by capillary zone electrophoresis with indirect injection: applications in the nuclear power industry." Analyst 123, no. 7 (1998): 1465–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/a800705e.

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18

Szarka, Máté. "Greening Capillary Electrophoresis, a promising sprout of Separation Science toward sustainability." DRC Sustainable Future: Journal of Environment, Agriculture, and Energy 1, no. 1 (2020): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.37281/drcsf/1.1.8.

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As a result of miniaturization new avenues were open toward customizing, improving and rendering separation science more affordable and available to any laboratory worldwide. One of the best resolving liquid separation techniques that still benefits from miniaturization is capillary electrophoresis (CE), where analytes are separated by their hydrodynamic volume to charge ratio. The theory of CE was introduced almost one hundred years ago, but became popular in the 1970s, yielding by 2010 over 1000 papers produced yearly. This progress triggered sample preparation optimization efforts, which led to significant reduction of required chemicals for analysis and the decrease of overall sample processing times. Consequently, CE can be considered as a sustainable technique in the field of liquid phase separation science. In this paper a custom made, cheap capillary electrophoresis unit with LED induced fluorescent (LedIF) imaging detection was used to demonstrate applicability of modern electronics, consumer products, and 3D printing in generating scientific results, while keeping sustainability in mind. Samples were chosen according to the observed trends of the past decade, namely from biotherapeutics industry. Its golden standard, immunoglobulin G N-glycans were enzymatically digested and the released complex type oligosaccharides were labeled with charged fluorophore, according to one of the most advanced and optimized protocols. Results were compared to separation runs performed on a high quality commercially available instrument, used as the control. Results disclosed in this paper should not be subjected to direct quantitative comparison, but should be rather taken as a technical demonstration of the capabilities of current and future technology, which can be implemented and merged with existing solutions in a sustainable manner.

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19

Zipaev, Dmitry V., Andrey N. Makushin, and Julia G. Kuraeva. "Studies of organic acids in millet grain and products of its processing by capillary electrophoresis." BIO Web of Conferences 17 (2020): 00039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20201700039.

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Studying the properties of raw materials during various treatments allows expanding the possibilities of its use in related industries of the food industry due to changes in its chemical composition. This work is devoted to the analysis of the use of the method of capillary electrophoresis to study organic acids in a heat-prone grain of millet and millet malt.

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20

Walker, Calvin C., Cheryl L. Lassitter, Shannara N. Lynn, et al. "Rapid Seafood Species Identification Using Chip-Based Capillary Electrophoresis and Protein Pattern Matching." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 100, no. 5 (2017): 1500–1510. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.17-0178.

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Abstract Authenticity is crucial to the seafood industry, as substitution and mislabeling have important economic, environmental, and food safety consequences. Toaddress this problem, protein profiling and softwarealgorithm techniques were developed to classify fishmuscle samples by species. The method uses water-based protein extraction, chip-based microfluidic electrophoresis (Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer) for the analysis of high abundance fish muscle proteins, and a novel data analysis method for species-specific proteinpattern recognition. The method's performance in distinguishing commercially important fish from commonly reported substitutions was evaluated using sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy determinations with all three performance measures at >98% for commonsubstitutions. This study demonstrates that uncookedseafood products of commercially important species of catfish, snapper, and grouper can be rapidly distinguished from commonly substituted species with a high level of confidence. A tiered testing approach toseafood species verification by sequentially applying a rapid screening method and DNA testing is proposed to more effectively ensure accurate product labeling.

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21

Stephens, A. D., R. Colah, S. Fucharoen, et al. "ICSH recommendations for assessing automated high-performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis equipment for the quantitation of HbA2." International Journal of Laboratory Hematology 37, no. 5 (2015): 577–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijlh.12413.

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22

Veizerová, L., J. Piešťanský, K. Maráková, et al. "Comparison of column-coupled electrophoresis with liquid chromatography methods in food analysis of quinine." Acta Facultatis Pharmaceuticae Universitatis Comenianae 59, no. 1 (2012): 67–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10219-012-0011-y.

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Comparison of column-coupled electrophoresis with liquid chromatography methods in food analysis of quinineComparison of column-coupled electrophoresis with liquid chromatography methods in food analysis of quinine (QUI) is presented in this work. The capillary isotachophoresis (CITP) on-line coupled with capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and hyphenated with fibre-based spectrophotometric diode array detection (DAD) was compared with, (i) high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with DAD detection, and (ii) HPLC method with fluorescence detection (FD). These methods were compared through their performance parameters and determined concentrations of QUI in beverages. The concentrations of QUI in two selected bitter drinks determined by the CITP-CZE-DAD method were in a good accordance with the HPLC-DAD and HPLC-FD methods. In addition, the electrophoretic method, as well as the chromatographic methods, was able to separate potential QUI related impurities from the QUI peak. The CITP-CZE-DAD method provided excellent performance parameters that were comparable (precision, accuracy, LOD, robustness) or even better (separation efficiency) than those ones provided by the chromatographic methods. Moreover, the effectivity of the electrophoresis method was higher when considering cost of analysis (equipment, consumption of separation systems), environmental aspects (organicvs. aqueous solvents), on-line sample pretreatment (CITP preconcentration and sample clean-up suitable also for the more complex matrices). Considering these findings, CITP-CZE-DAD was approved as a routine automatized method for the highly reliable quality food control.

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23

Капитонова, Е. А., and В. В. Янченко. "Amino Acid Composition Determination of the Regulatory Complex "Baipas" by Capillary Electrophoresis Method." Vestnik APK Verhnevolzh`ia, no. 1(53) (March 30, 2021): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.35694/yarcx.2021.53.1.009.

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Отрасль птицеводства играет ведущую роль в обеспечении населения полноценными продуктами питания. Признавая тот факт, что продуктивность сельскохозяйственной птицы напрямую зависит от уровня кормления, учёным приходится изыскивать резервы кормовой базы для полноценного обеспечения гранулы комбикорма всеми необходимыми питательными элементами. Нами был изучен аминокислотный профиль многокомпонентного регуляторного комплекса «Байпас», который полностью восполняет потребность птицы в аминокислотах. Нашими исследованиями установлено, что ядро аминокислотной составляющей кормовой добавки представляют три аминокислоты: аргинин, глицин и лизин. В целом кормовая добавка содержит 13 аминокислот, что положительно отразится на усвоении питательных элементов комбикорма, а, следовательно, на продуктивности сельскохозяйственной птицы. The poultry-rearing industry plays a leading role in providing the population with balanced food products. Recognizing the fact that the productivity of agricultural poultry directly depends on the level of feeding, scientists have to find reserves of the fodder base to fully provide the compound animal feedstuff pellets with all the necessary nutrients. We have studied the amino acid profile of the multicomponent regulatory complex "Baipas", which fully meets the need for amino acids in poultry. Our researches have found that the nucleus of the amino acid component of the feed additive is represented by three amino acids: arginine, glycine and lysine. In general, the feed additive contains 13 amino acids, which will positively affect the absorption of nutritional elements of compound animal feedstuff, and, therefore, the productivity of poultry.

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24

McLachlan, R. "Monoclonal immunoglobulins: affinity blotting for low concentrations in serum." Clinical Chemistry 35, no. 3 (1989): 478–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/35.3.478.

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Abstract I describe a simple, economical technique for identifying low concentrations of monoclonal immunoglobulins in the presence of excessive amounts of immunoglobulins of other classes. The technique involves binding of specific antibody to nitrocellulose, separating proteins by isoelectric focusing or zone electrophoresis in agarose gels, using capillary transfer to bind proteins to the nitrocellulose via their antibody affinity, and then detecting transferred proteins with enzyme-labeled antibody. A monoclonal immunoglobulin can be completely characterized in 2 h. No expensive equipment is required. Affinity blotting is about 10-fold as sensitive as native blotting, 100-fold as sensitive as silver staining.

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25

Gatea, Florentina, Eugenia Dumitra Teodor, Eugenia Nagoda, and Gabriel Lucian Radu. "Polyphenols, Organic Acids and Antioxidant Activity in Unexplored Phemeranthus Confertiflorus L." Revista de Chimie 68, no. 12 (2018): 2739–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.17.12.5967.

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Some aspects of the chemical composition were studied in extracts of unexplored Phemeranthus confertiflorus L, an alien plant collected from Bucharest delta. 16 polyphenols and 10 short-chain organic acids were analysed and quantified by capillary electrophoresis in Phemeranthus extracts and antioxidant activity was investigated. The results obtained could promote Phemeranthus as an eligible plant with potential in food industry and for human health, because of the high antioxidant activity, high content of flavonoids (naringenin, rutin, daidzin) and lactic acid.

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26

Hancu, Gabriel, Serena Orlandini, Lajos Attila Papp, Adriana Modroiu, Roberto Gotti, and Sandra Furlanetto. "Application of Experimental Design Methodologies in the Enantioseparation of Pharmaceuticals by Capillary Electrophoresis: A Review." Molecules 26, no. 15 (2021): 4681. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26154681.

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Chirality is one of the major issues in pharmaceutical research and industry. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is an interesting alternative to the more frequently used chromatographic techniques in the enantioseparation of pharmaceuticals, and is used for the determination of enantiomeric ratio, enantiomeric purity, and in pharmacokinetic studies. Traditionally, optimization of CE methods is performed using a univariate one factor at a time (OFAT) approach; however, this strategy does not allow for the evaluation of interactions between experimental factors, which may result in ineffective method development and optimization. In the last two decades, Design of Experiments (DoE) has been frequently employed to better understand the multidimensional effects and interactions of the input factors on the output responses of analytical CE methods. DoE can be divided into two types: screening and optimization designs. Furthermore, using Quality by Design (QbD) methodology to develop CE-based enantioselective techniques is becoming increasingly popular. The review presents the current use of DoE methodologies in CE-based enantioresolution method development and provides an overview of DoE applications in the optimization and validation of CE enantioselective procedures in the last 25 years. Moreover, a critical perspective on how different DoE strategies can aid in the optimization of enantioseparation procedures is presented.

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27

Ragazzo, Michele, Stefano Melchiorri, Laura Manzo, et al. "Comparative Analysis of ANDE 6C Rapid DNA Analysis System and Traditional Methods." Genes 11, no. 5 (2020): 582. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11050582.

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Rapid DNA analysis is an ultrafast and fully automated DNA-typing system, which can produce interpretable genetic profiles from biological samples within 90 minutes. This “swab in—profile out” method comprises DNA extraction, amplification by PCR multiplex, separation and detection of DNA fragments by capillary electrophoresis. The aim of study was the validation of the Accelerated Nuclear DNA Equipment (ANDE) 6C system as a typing method for reference samples according to the ISO/IEC 17025 standard. Here, we report the evaluation of the validity and reproducibility of results by the comparison of the genetic profiles generated by the ANDE 6C System with those generated by standard technologies. A quantity of 104 buccal swabs were analyzed both through the ANDE 6C technology and the traditional method (DNA extraction and quantification, amplification and separation by capillary electrophoresis). Positive typing was observed in 97% of cases for ANDE 6C technology with only three buccal swabs failing to reveal interpretable signals. Concordance was determined by comparing the allele calls generated by ANDE 6C and conventional technology. Comparison of 2800 genotypes revealed a concordance rate of 99.96%. These results met the ISO/IEC 17025 requirements, enabling us to receive the accreditation for this method. Finally, rapid technology has certainly reached a level of reliability which has made its use in laboratories of forensic genetics a reality.

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28

Hiltunen, Salla, and Heli Sirén. "Analysis of monosaccharides and oligosaccharides in the pulp and paper industry by use of capillary zone electrophoresis: a review." Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 405, no. 17 (2013): 5773–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-013-7031-x.

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29

Colard, S., W. Trinkies, G. Cholet, B. Camm, M. Austin, and R. Gualandris. "Compensation for the Effects of Ambient Conditions on the Calibration of Multi-Capillary Pressure Drop Standards." Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research 21, no. 3 (2004): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0777.

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AbstractCigarette draw resistance and filter pressure drop (PD) are both major physical parameters for the tobacco industry. Therefore these parameters must be measured reliably. For these measurements, specific equipment calibrated with PD transfer standards is used. Each transfer standard must have a known and stable PD value, such standards usually being composed of several capillary tubes associated in parallel. However, PD values are modified by ambient conditions during calibration of such standards, i.e. by temperature and relative humidity (RH) of air, and atmospheric pressure. In order to reduce the influence of these ambient factors, a simplified model was developed for compensating the effects of ambient conditions on the calibration of multi-capillary PD standards.

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30

Almeda, S., L. Nozal, L. Arce, and M. Valcárcel. "Direct determination of chlorophenols present in liquid samples by using a supported liquid membrane coupled in-line with capillary electrophoresis equipment." Analytica Chimica Acta 587, no. 1 (2007): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2007.01.035.

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31

Lācis, Gunārs, Isaak Rashal, and Viktor Trajkovski. "Comparative analysis of sweet cherry (P. avium) genetic diversity revealed by two methods of SSR marker detection." Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. 64, no. 3-4 (2010): 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10046-010-0024-7.

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Comparative analysis of sweet cherry (P. avium) genetic diversity revealed by two methods of SSR marker detectionThree previously described highly polymorphic SSR (microsatellite) primer pairs in 126 sweet cherry (Prunus aviumL.) accessions were tested using two microsatellite marker detection methods: ASCE (automated sequencer capillary electrophoresis) and PAGE (polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) in screening of sweet cherry germplasm collections. It was determined that ASCE provided more precise genotyping. In the case of PAGE, due to possible manual scoring errors, a higher number of putative alleles was observed, which overestimated the level of polymorphism and hence the genetic diversity. This should be taken into account when comparing results obtained in different investigations. The ASCE detection method generally is considered as expensive, it requires more advanced and expensive equipment, and is available mostly in mid- to high-throughput laboratories. Nevertheless, the detection precision and possibility of complete unification of laboratory protocols among laboratories makes it a very useful tool in the identification and characterisation of sweet cherry breeding material, especially in large, diverse collecions.

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32

Wang, Yineng, Xi Cao, Walter Messina, et al. "Development of a Mobile Analytical Chemistry Workstation Using a Silicon Electrochromatography Microchip and Capacitively Coupled Contactless Conductivity Detector." Micromachines 12, no. 3 (2021): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12030239.

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Capillary electrochromatography (CEC) is a separation technique that hybridizes liquid chromatography (LC) and capillary electrophoresis (CE). The selectivity offered by LC stationary phase results in rapid separations, high efficiency, high selectivity, minimal analyte and buffer consumption. Chip-based CE and CEC separation techniques are also gaining interest, as the microchip can provide precise on-chip control over the experiment. Capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C4D) offers the contactless electrode configuration, and thus is not in contact with the solutions under investigation. This prevents contamination, so it can be easy to use as well as maintain. This study investigated a chip-based CE/CEC with C4D technique, including silicon-based microfluidic device fabrication processes with packaging, design and optimization. It also examined the compatibility of the silicon-based CEC microchip interfaced with C4D. In this paper, the authors demonstrated a nanofabrication technique for a novel microchip electrochromatography (MEC) device, whose capability is to be used as a mobile analytical equipment. This research investigated using samples of potassium ions, sodium ions and aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid).

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33

Tetler, Lee W., Paul A. Cooper, and Chris M. Carr. "The application of capillary electrophoresis/mass spectrometry using negative-ion electrospray ionization to areas of importance in the textile industry." Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 8, no. 2 (1994): 179–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.1290080211.

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34

Korman, Milos, Johan Vindevogel, and Pat Sandra. "Separation of codeine and its by-products by capillary zone electrophoresis as a quality control tool in the pharmaceutical industry." Journal of Chromatography A 645, no. 2 (1993): 366–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(93)83397-b.

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35

Chamberlin, K. D., H. A. Melouk, R. Madden, et al. "Determining the Oleic/linoleic Acid Ratio in a Single Peanut Seed: a Comparison of Two Methods." Peanut Science 38, no. 2 (2011): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/ps11-3.1.

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ABSTRACT Peanut varieties with high oleic/linoleic acid ratios have become preferred by the peanut industry due to their increased shelf life and improved health benefits. Many peanut breeding programs are trying to incorporate the high oleic trait into new and improved varieties and are in need of diagnostic tools to track its inheritance early in development and at the single seed level. Traditionally, gas chromatography has been used to accurately determine the properties of peanut oil. Recently a method was developed to carry out this analysis by capillary elecrophoresis providing researchers with an alternative analytical platform. In this study, the use of capillary electrophoresis and gas chromatography for analysis of oleic/linoleic acid ratios are compared. Oil was extracted from approximately 0.10 g of peanut seed tissue taken from the distal end, leaving the embryonic end of the seed intact for subsequent germination. Over 100 samples inclusive of runner, Spanish and Virginia market types were processed. Oil extracts were analyzed for oleic/linoleic acid ratio using (1) capillary electrophoresis (CE) and (2) gas chromatography (GC). Results showed that the two methods are 100% in agreement in determining whether a peanut seed is “high-oleic” or “normal oleic” in oil content. Furthermore, the two methods are highly correlated (r = 0.96; p < 0.0001) with respect to determining the exact oleic/linoleic acid ratio from each sample. Results from this study validate the use of CE as a diagnostic tool for breeding programs to identify individual high oleic peanut seed for further testing and development.

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36

Pleasance, S., P. Thibault, and J. Kelly. "Comparison of liquid-junction and coaxial interfaces for capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry with application to compounds of concern to the aquaculture industry." Journal of Chromatography A 591, no. 1-2 (1992): 325–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(92)80250-x.

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37

Fraige, Karina, Nilson Antonio Assunção, Renê de Souza Pinto, and Emanuel Carrilho. "Analytical Assessment of a Home Made Capillary Electrophoresis Equipment with Linear Charge Coupled Device for Visible Light Absorption Detection in the Determination of Food Dyes." Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies 32, no. 13 (2009): 1862–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10826070903091571.

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38

Burtscher, Johanna, Franziska Küller, Matthias Dreier, Emmanuelle Arias-Roth, David Drissner, and Konrad J. Domig. "Characterization of Clostridium tyrobutyricum Strains Using Three Different Typing Techniques." Microorganisms 8, no. 7 (2020): 1057. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8071057.

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Clostridium tyrobutyricum is well known as one of the main causative agents of severe cheese spoilage. The metabolism of this anaerobic bacterium during ripening leads to textural and sensory defects in cheese and consequential loss of product value. The potential to induce cheese spoilage, however, may vary among different strains of the same species. Therefore, a better understanding of the intra-species diversity of C. tyrobutyricum may be of practical relevance for the dairy industry. In the present study, we compared the ability of three typing techniques to differentiate 95 C. tyrobutyricum strains on the subspecies level: (1) repetitive element palindromic PCR (rep-PCR) fingerprinting combined with conventional agarose gel electrophoresis, (2) hexaplex-PCR followed by an automated capillary electrophoresis and (3) matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) typing. MALDI-TOF MS fingerprinting provided only moderate reproducibility and low discriminatory power. Both PCR-based methods were highly reproducible and discriminative, with hexaplex-PCR fingerprinting being slightly more discriminative than rep-PCR typing. Overall, a high intra-species diversity was observed among the tested strains, indicating that further investigations on the strain level may be of interest.

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Morales-Cid, Gabriel, Soledad Cárdenas, Bartolomé M. Simonet, and Miguel Valcárcel. "Fully Automatic Sample Treatment by Integration of Microextraction by Packed Sorbents into Commercial Capillary Electrophoresis−Mass Spectrometry Equipment: Application to the Determination of Fluoroquinolones in Urine." Analytical Chemistry 81, no. 8 (2009): 3188–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac900234j.

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Ahrens, Kim P. "Simple, Gel-Based Determination of Nucleophosmin Mutations in Acute Myeloid Leukemias." Blood 110, no. 11 (2007): 4268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.4268.4268.

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Abstract Mutations in the Nucleophosmin, member 1 (NPM1) gene, have been shown to be significant for prognosis and treatment of cytogenetically normal (CN) patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To increase sensitivity for minimal residual disease (MRD) detection, especially in AMLs without a distinct phenotype or genetic marker, some assays have specifically targeted the individual mutation, which has led to an increased complexity of these tests. Other assays use expensive equipment such as capillary electrophoresis to differentiate between the usual 4bp size difference in the mutated gene and the wildtype(wt) gene. We developed a simple PCR-based procedure that amplifies the exon 12 region of the NPM1 gene and produces a small product (156bp for the wt and 160 for the mutant genes) using RNA that can be separated on a 4% metaphor agarose gel. This approach is clinically relevant since it can easily distinguish greater than 95% of the mutations. Eight of 24 AMLs of various types were positive for the mutation using our technique and those that were cloned and sequenced yielded the most common insertion TCTG, confirming its accuracy.

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Simion Beldean-Galea, Mihail, Florina-Maria Copaciu, and Maria-Virginia Coman. "Chromatographic Analysis of Textile Dyes." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 101, no. 5 (2018): 1353–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.18-0066.

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Abstract The textile industry uses many raw materials (natural and synthetic dyes and fibers) and different dyeing techniques that can be considered important pollutants with a negative impact on the environment (toxic working conditions, discharged wastewater, and contamination). Although synthetic dyes are intensively used, offer a wide range of colors and hues and properties of adhesion, longevity, and resistance to sunshine and chemical processes, and are cost-effective, they have begun to be restricted by many textile producers because they are nonbiodegradable and have toxic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic effects that generate some imbalances in plant, animal, and human life. Natural dyes of plant and animal origin exhibit very good tolerance to washing, rubbing, and light and are biodegradable and nontoxic; these properties have led to a call for the renewed use of these dyes. Modern analytical techniques (solid-phase extraction, spectrophotometry, HPLC, HPTLC, capillary electrophoresis) with different spectroscopy (UV-Vis, diode-array detection, pulsed amperometric detection) and/or MS/tandem mass spectrometry detectors have an important role in the textile industry in obtaining essential information about dyeing techniques, material origin, historical trade routes of ancient textiles, and environmental pollution. For this purpose, isolation, separation, and quantification methods of natural and synthetic textile dyes from various matrices (ancient and modern fabrics, water, biota, etc.) are presented.

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Rathner, Raffael, Wolfgang Roland, Hanny Albrecht, Franz Ruemer, and Jürgen Miethlinger. "Applicability of the Cox-Merz Rule to High-Density Polyethylene Materials with Various Molecular Masses." Polymers 13, no. 8 (2021): 1218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13081218.

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The Cox-Merz rule is an empirical relationship that is commonly used in science and industry to determine shear viscosity on the basis of an oscillatory rheometry test. However, it does not apply to all polymer melts. Rheological data are of major importance in the design and dimensioning of polymer-processing equipment. In this work, we investigated whether the Cox-Merz rule is suitable for determining the shear-rate-dependent viscosity of several commercially available high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe grades with various molecular masses. We compared the results of parallel-plate oscillatory shear rheometry using the Cox-Merz empirical relation with those of high-pressure capillary and extrusion rheometry. To assess the validity of these techniques, we used the shear viscosities obtained by these methods to numerically simulate the pressure drop of a pipe head and compared the results to experimental measurements. We found that, for the HDPE grades tested, the viscosity data based on capillary pressure flow of the high molecular weight HDPE describes the pressure drop inside the pipe head significantly better than do data based on parallel-plate rheometry applying the Cox-Merz rule. For the lower molecular weight HDPE, both measurement techniques are in good accordance. Hence, we conclude that, while the Cox-Merz relationship is applicable to lower-molecular HDPE grades, it does not apply to certain HDPE grades with high molecular weight.

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Miller, Yuliya, Tatyana Kiseleva, and Iulia Arysheva. "Forming Soy Malt Quality with Organic Growth Promoters." Food Processing: Techniques and Technology 51, no. 2 (2021): 248–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2021-2-248-259.

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Introduction. Soy is one of the most promising plant raw materials as it is rich in proteins and amino acids. However, its content of anti-nutritive compounds is too high to be used in food and beverage industry without precure. The research objective was to obtain soy-based malt with a high enzymatic activity, low content of anti-nutritional substances, and increased nutritional value. Study objects and methods. The study featured Far-Eastern soybean varieties and malt. It involved standard methods of quality control of raw materials, semi-finished products, and finished products of beer and alcohol industry, as well as the capillary electrophoresis, spectrophotometry, and potentiometry. Results and discussion. Germination of soybeans of all varieties contributed to the accumulation of hydrolytic enzymes and amino acids in the grain. The use of a complex of organic acids from the Krebs cycle at a concentration of 10–9 mol/dm3 at the soaking stage increased amylolytic, proteolytic, and lipoxygenase hydrolytic processes by 11, 22, and 12%, respectively. The level of urease, which correlates with the content of anti-nutritional substances, decreased by two times from the original level and was 0.4–0.5 units of pH. Germination stage fell down to 2.5–3 days, while the content of amino acids increased by 33–35% in comparison with unprocessed malt during soaking. Conclusion. The use of organic acids in soy malting improved the quality and technological indicators, increased the level of amino acids, and decreased the level of anti-nutritional substances, making soy malt suitable for beverage industry.

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Mihalik, Bendegúz, Krisztián Frank, Dániel Szemethy, Viktor Stéger, and Szilvia Kusza. "Development of an InDel marker set to establish hybridization between wild boar and domestic pig (Sus scrofa) breeds." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 1 (May 23, 2019): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/1/2364.

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Wild boar and domestic pig breeds belong to the same species (Sus scrofa), so they can easily have viable offspring. This could be a problem in preserving the genetic lines of wild boars, keeping clean the food industry from lower-grade hybrid boar meat, and „producing” ethically questionable trophies, too. The aim of our study was to develop a cost-efficient, fast, easy and accurate marker set which can separate the wild boars from hybrids and domestic pig breeds. The InDel markers were developed using 59 full pig genomes of 17 different breeds (e.g. Duroc, Large White, Landrace, Mangalica, wild boar). Sequence differences between the genomes of wild boars and domestic breeds were identified in variant call files, and verified using the IGV software. Wild boar, mangalica and duroc specific primers to amplify the chosen InDel regions were designed using Primer3. After preliminary tests five markers were chosen, three wild boar specific, one Mangalica specific and one Duroc specific one. Fluorescently labelled primers were used to make the valuation easier and more accurate with capillary electrophoresis instead of gel-electrophoresis. The markers were optimised individually and in multiplex conditions and tested in samples of 11 breeds. In conclusion, a new, faster and cheaper set was developed to separate the wild boars from the hybrids and domestic breeds. Based on the preliminary testing on wild boars, duroc and mangalica breeds zero samples resulted false negative, so it is 100% accurate. In addition, it is a much more cost- and time-effective way than testing every single sample with STR sets.

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Veselinovic, Igor. "Microsatellite DNA analysis as a tool for forensic paternity testing (DNA paternity testing)." Medical review 59, no. 5-6 (2006): 241–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns0606241v.

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Microsatellite analysis. By using serological or HLA-testing, the alleged father can be excluded as the biological father, but, regardless of the degree of probability, positive paternity results cannot be obtained without DNA testing. According to the results of the National Human Genome Project, human genome consists of approximatelly 30.000 genes. The vast majority of human DNA is not organized in genes and has no genetic expression or visible function. Non-coding DNA contains genetic markers important for human identification. Short tandem repeats, or STRs, are a class of microsatellites consisting of tandemly repeated sequences of 2 to 6 base pair length monomers. Most of the microsatellites show a high degree of polymorphism, which can be evaluated by PCR technique, and used in criminalistics, forensic identification and parentage testing. A source of DNA in parentage testing are blood samples or buccal swabs which are routinelly used. Amplification of isolated DNA can be performed in 25-30 cycles by PCR, and fragments are separated by capillary electrophoresis. Conclusion. The probability of paternity of 99.99% or higher corresponds to the paternity "practicaly proven", indicating that the alleged father is the biological father. Such results can be obtained only by DNA testing. DNA-testing laboratories are required to conduct validation of laboratory facilities, equipment and staff and are subject to permanent control by the society. .

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HLADNIK, Matjaž, Jernej JAKŠE, Bouchaib KHADARI, Sylvain SANTONI, and Dunja BANDELJ. "Interlaboratory comparison of fig (Ficus carica L.) microsatellite genotyping data and determination of reference alleles." Acta agriculturae Slovenica 111, no. 1 (2018): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2018.111.1.14.

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<p>Microsatellites have been identified as the marker of choice in plant genotyping projects. However, due to length discrepancies obtained between different laboratories for the same allele, interlaboratory comparison of fingerprinting results is often a difficult task. The objectives of this study were to compare genotyping results of two laboratories, to evaluate genetic parameters of microsatellite markers and to determine reference allele sizes for fig cultivars from the Istrian peninsula.</p><p>Genotyping results of ninety fig (<em>Ficus carica</em> L.) accessions were comparable between the laboratories despite differences observed when comparing electropherograms of different capillary electrophoresis systems. Differences in lengths of the same alleles were detected due to different PCR methods and laboratory equipment, but the distances between alleles of the same locus were preserved. However, locus FSYC01 exhibited one allele dropout which led to misidentification of 28 heterozygotes as homozygote individuals suggesting this locus as unreliable. Allele dropout was assigned to the tail PCR technology or to a touchdown PCR protocol.</p><p>Genotypes of twenty-four reference cultivars from the Istrian peninsula were confirmed by both laboratories. These results will contribute to the usage of markers with greater reliability, discrimination power and consequently, to more reliable standardization with other fig genotyping projects.</p>

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ISAACS, S., J. ARAMINI, B. CIEBIN, et al. "An International Outbreak of Salmonellosis Associated with Raw Almonds Contaminated with a Rare Phage Type of Salmonella Enteritidis†." Journal of Food Protection 68, no. 1 (2005): 191–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-68.1.191.

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During the winter of 2000 to 2001, an outbreak due to Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) phage type 30 (PT30), a rare strain, was detected in Canada. The ensuing investigation involved Canadian and American public health and food regulatory agencies and an academic research laboratory. Enhanced laboratory surveillance, including phage typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, was used to identify cases. Case questionnaires were administered to collect information about food and environmental exposures. A case-control study with 16 matched case-control pairs was conducted to test the hypothesis of an association between raw whole almond consumption and infection. Almond samples were collected from case homes, retail outlets, and the implicated processor, and environmental samples were collected from processing equipment and associated farms for microbiological testing. One hundred sixty-eight laboratory-confirmed cases of SE PT30 infection (157 in Canada, 11 in the United States) were identified between October 2000 and July 2001. The case-control study identified raw whole almonds as the source of infection (odds ration, 21.1; 95% confidence interval, 3.6 to ∞). SE PT30 was detected in raw whole natural almonds collected from home, retail, distribution, and warehouse sources and from environmental swabs of processing equipment and associated farmers' orchards. The frequent and prolonged recovery of this specific organism from a large agricultural area was an unexpected finding and may indicate significant diffuse contamination on these farms. Identification of almonds as the source of a foodborne outbreak is a previously undocumented finding, leading to a North American recall of this product and a review of current industry practices.

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McGann, Patrick T., Vysolela de Oliveira, Thad A. Howard, et al. "Cost and Reliability of Two Methods of Hemoglobin Identification for Sickle Cell Newborn Screening in the Republic of Angola." Blood 120, no. 21 (2012): 2064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.2064.2064.

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Abstract Abstract 2064 Background: Systematic newborn screening (NBS) for sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a practice limited almost entirely to developed countries, which include only a small fraction of annual global SCA births. There are several different laboratory methods used for NBS of hemoglobin disorders, including isoelectric focusing (IEF), capillary electrophoresis (CE), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and DNA-based testing. However, most NBS occurs in developed countries with standardized specimen collection and storage techniques, advanced laboratory technology and support, and adequate financial resources. For the newly instituted pilot newborn screening program in Angola, IEF and CE were initially selected as the laboratory methods of choice. After the first 12 months of the pilot program, we analyzed the costs of developing the NBS program and compared the reliability and consistency of newborn hemoglobin identification. Methods: After birth, two dried bloodspots (DBS) are collected by heelstick onto a Whatman screening card. Specimens are dried, placed in plastic bags for storage, and transported every 1–3 days to the central NBS laboratory at Hospital Pediátrico David Bernardino, where they are refrigerated until testing. All specimens are initially tested by IEF (RESOLVE neonatal hemoglobin system, PerkinElmer Inc.) within 3–5 days. Hemoglobin identification is performed using a fluorescent glow box and samples are scored according to the presence of HbF, HbA and HbS. The FAS pattern is consistent with sickle cell trait and FS is consistent with SCA. All IEF results with an FAS or FS pattern or an uncertain result are selected for repeat analysis by CE, performed using the CAPILLARYS 2 NEONAT FAST system (Sebia, Inc.). All newborns with an FS result by either method were contacted by telephone to obtain repeat sample for confirmatory testing and enrollment in the newborn sickle cell clinic. Results: Costs: Initial start-up costs included 20,000 DBS cards designed specifically for the Angolan program ($45,000 USD) and lab equipment ($40,330 for IEF, $118,155 for CE, total of $158,485 USD), sufficient for the entire first year of the program. Collection costs (including gloves, lancets and alcohol pads) were calculated at $0.46 USD per sample, while sample collection and transport was $0.09 per sample. Once the DBS samples were received at the central testing laboratory, the reagent costs for sample analysis were $1.06 for IEF and $3.52 for CE, while labor costs were $0.35 for each test. Laboratory Reliability: To date, 17,055 samples have been run by IEF and 100% of these samples have obtained an adequate IEF result regardless of quality of bloodspot. To date, 2,895 samples have been selected for CE analysis, but only 2,031 (70.2%) produced interpretable results by CE. The remaining 29.8% of samples (mostly within the first 6 months of CE training period) did not produce a result due to hemoglobin degradation, inadequate blood spotting technique, mechanical failure, or unclear technical issues. For specimens with a result by both IEF and CE, concordance was greater than 99%. Conclusions: The development of a newborn screening program for SCA in Angola required an initial financial investment to obtain appropriate laboratory testing equipment. After this upfront investment, the total cost of newborn screening for SCA, including costs of collection, processing and laboratory analysis was about $3 USD for each initial IEF screening test and $4–5 USD for each CE result. This per-cost test compares favorably in relation to the public health benefit of identifying and retrieving affected infants. The cost of initiating a program in other countries may be significantly less than in Angola, which has a very expensive economy and resulted in high prices for many of the reagent and equipment costs. Given the variable quality of dried blood spot collection and the unavailability of ideal specimen storage and transport conditions, isoelectric focusing appears to be a more reliable, robust and economical method of newborn screening than capillary electrophoresis for sickle cell anemia in sub-Saharan Africa. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Račaitytė, K., S. Kiessig, and F. Kálmán. "Application of capillary zone electrophoresis and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography in the biopharmaceutical industry for the quantitative analysis of the monosaccharides released from a highly glycosylated therapeutic protein." Journal of Chromatography A 1079, no. 1-2 (2005): 354–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2005.03.080.

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Zhu, Qing, Ao Fan, Yuanshan Wang, et al. "Novel Sensitive High-Throughput Screening Strategy for Nitrilase-Producing Strains." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 19 (2007): 6053–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01089-07.

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ABSTRACT Nitrilases have found wide use in the pharmaceutical industry for the production of fine chemicals, and it is important to have a method by which to screen libraries of isolated or engineered nitrilase variants (including bacteria and fungi). The conventional methods, such as high-performance liquid chromatography, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, capillary electrophoresis, or gas chromatography, are tedious and time-consuming. Therefore, a direct and sensitive readout of the nitrilase's activity has to be considered. In this paper, we report a novel time-resolved luminescent probe: o-hydroxybenzonitrile derivatives could be applied to detect the activity of the nitrilases. By the action of nitrilases, o-hydroxybenzonitrile derivatives can be transformed to the corresponding salicylic acid derivatives, which, upon binding Tb3+, serve as a photon antenna and sensitize Tb3+ luminescence. Because of the time-resolved property of the luminescence, the background from the other proteins (especially in the fermentation system) in the assay could be reduced and, therefore, the sensitivity was increased. Moreover, because the detection was performed on a 96- or 384-well plate, the activity of the nitrilases from microorganisms could be determined quickly. Based on this strategy, the best fermentation conditions for nitrilase-producing strains were obtained.

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