Academic literature on the topic 'Capital diversification'

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Journal articles on the topic "Capital diversification"

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Ali, Muhammad Uzair, Gong Zhimin, Muhammad Rizwanullah, Xiong Wu, and Itbar Khan. "The Impact of Corporate Strategy on the Capital Structure of Pakistani Companies (Diversification and Capital Structure)." Risk and Financial Management 2, no. 1 (2020): p27. http://dx.doi.org/10.30560/rfm.v2n1p27.

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Research into the capital structure of firms has been the subject of extensive empirical investigation. This study seeks to extend the debate by examining the endogenous influence of corporate strategy on financing decisions made by firms. Diversification is one of the corporate strategies that allow a company to enter business lines that are same or different from current operations as well as operate in several economic markets. Financial choices need to be evaluated because of their close interaction with management choices. Optimal capital structure plays a key role in achieving the overri
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Vellem, Vuyolwethu, and Lukau Matezo Espoir. "The impact of aid for trade on horizontal and vertical export diversification." International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478) 10, no. 5 (2021): 135–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v10i5.1296.

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This work aims to identify the existing relationship between aid-for-trade flows and export diversification in sub-Saharan Africa and to develop Asia countries. The results of the estimate, conducted by the Generalized Moments Method (GMM) over the period 1995-2019, show a positive impact of Aid for Trade on horizontal and vertical diversification of exports for the entire sample, including positive and significant effects on per capita GDP growth, gross capital formation, commercial freedom, human capital, and population growth. In the sub-Saharan African sub-sample, Aid for Trade positively
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Kibet, Buigut, and Cherotich Soi Neddy. "Effect of Corporate Diversification on Capital Structure! Evidence from Listed Firms in Nairobi Security Exchange." American Based Research Journal 7, no. 2 (2018): 39–47. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3445977.

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<em>The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of corporate diversification on capital structure. The study used longitudinal research design. Using a panel data model, the study estimated the effect of product and geographical diversification on the firm capital structure.&nbsp; A sample of 49 firms consistently trading in Nairobi security exchange between 2009 and 2014 was used. Using random and fixed effect, the study found that product diversification has no significant effect on capital structure, while geographic has a significant negative effect on capital structure. This infe
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Musumeci, Jim. "Human Capital and International Diversification." Journal of Wealth Management 2, no. 1 (1999): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jwm.1999.320351.

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Tanui, Peninah Jepkogei, Josephat Cheboi Yegon, and Ronald Bonuke. "Effect of Ownership Structure on Corporate Diversification of Listed Firms in Kenya." SEISENSE Journal of Management 2, no. 5 (2019): 29–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33215/sjom.v2i5.194.

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Purpose - This paper aimed to examine the moderating role of capital structure in the relationship between institutional and foreign ownerships on corporate diversification of listed firms at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya.&#x0D; Design/Methodology - The target population comprised of all the 65 listed firms at Nairobi Securities Exchange in Kenya. However, the inclusion criteria were based on all firms listed at the NSE from 2003 to 2017.&#x0D; Findings - Capital structure significantly moderated the relationship between institutional ownership and corporate diversification. However,
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Duho, King Carl Tornam, and Joseph Mensah Onumah. "Bank diversification strategy and intellectual capital in Ghana: an empirical analysis." Asian Journal of Accounting Research 4, no. 2 (2019): 246–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajar-04-2019-0026.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of intellectual capital and its components on bank diversification choice. Design/methodology/approach Both asset and income diversification are computed and an unbalanced panel data set of 32 banks covering the period 2000–2015 have been used. The panel corrected standard error regression has been used to account for serial correlation and heteroscedasticity. Findings The study found that intellectual capital determines the choice of diversifying. Precisely, intellectual capital motivates asset diversity but it dissuades income divers
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La Rocca, Maurizio, Tiziana La Rocca, Dionigi Gerace, and Ciorstan Smark. "Effect of diversification on capital structure." Accounting & Finance 49, no. 4 (2009): 799–826. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-629x.2009.00304.x.

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Singh, Manohar, Wallace N. Davidson, and Jo-Ann Suchard. "Corporate diversification strategies and capital structure." Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance 43, no. 1 (2003): 147–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1062-9769(02)00124-2.

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Sabania, Hamira, and Hartoyo Hartoyo. "Economic Pressure, Livelihood Strategy, and Family Well-being in Cimanuk Watershed, Garut and Indramayu, West Java, Indonesia." Journal of Family Sciences 1, no. 1 (2016): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jfs.1.1.24-38.

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&lt;p&gt;The objective of this study is to analyze economic pressure, livelihood strategy, and well-being of families in Cimanuk Watershed. This study used a cross-sectional study design. As many as 72 samples of lower middle class families (determined by Poverty Line of BPS 2013) who have toddler and school age children were chosen puposively. This study was conducted in Garut District and Indramayu District. The results showed that inspite of being in poverty, only one out of three families felt highly economic pressure, and one out of ten families perceived poorly well-being. Family economi
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Shahjahani, Rohollah, and Maryam Bokharayan. "The Relationship between capital structure, free cash flow, diversification and firm performance." Journal of Management and Accounting Studies 4, no. 04 (2019): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jmas.vol4iss04pp22-31.

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This study investigated whether there are inter-relationships among capital structure (financial leverage), free cash flow, diversification and firm performance. Methodology: To this, 78 active firms in this area were selected between 2011 and 2015. Internal independent variables involve capital structure, free cash flow, diversification and firm performance. To study inter-relationships of variables, simultaneous equation system and STATA software were applied. Results: Results indicated that a positively significant relation exists between free cash flow and firm performance in 95% level of
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Capital diversification"

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Wang, Yong. "Diversification, information asymmetry, cost of capital, and production efficiency." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2008. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/13948.

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Business Administration<br>Ph.D.<br>This study examines how diversification changes firms' key characteristics, which consequently alter firms' value. The reason why I focus on this topic is because of the mixed findings in literature about the valuation effect of diversification. This study offers deeper insights to the influence of diversification on important valuation factors that are already identified in finance literature. Specifically, it examines if diversification affects firms' information asymmetry problem, firms' cost of capital and cash flow, and firms' production efficiency. The
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Sorokina, Nonna Y. "BANK CAPITAL AND THEORY OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1402795531.

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Pana, Elisabeta. "Value Creation Through Joint Venture and Strategic Alliance Formation." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2006. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1037.

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This study examines the price reaction to the announcements of joint venture and strategic alliance formation, the main determinants of the partnering firm's choices to enter a specific joint venture and a specific strategic alliance, and the impact of such alliance formation on partnering firms' valuation. The analysis of the price reaction at the announcement of alliance formation indicates that market can distinguish between value creating and non-value creating alliances. I also provide evidence supporting the argument that alliance formation is not a random process. A firm's choi
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Bartkus, James. "The Determinants of Success in Venture Capital Finance." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2005. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/146.

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The determinants of success in venture capital financing are explored in this manuscript. 1247 venture capital funds formed over a twenty-year time period are empirically analyzed with results that support theoretical research from extant finance and economics literature. Venture capitalists' choices of portfolio size, distance from portfolio firms, location, and to some extent, level of diversification in their investment portfolio, are all significant factors in explaining the success rates of venture capital funds. These results are robust even when controlling for other characteristi
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Pedrono, Justine. "Banking stability and currency diversification." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0283/document.

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La crise financière de 2008 a mis en exergue l'instabilité financière des banques en identifiant le caractère procyclique du levier bancaire, la sous-capitalisation des banques, et la nécessité de définir une nouvelle régulation bancaire. La dimension internationale des activités bancaires et l'identification des banques globales complètent ce constat. Les banques européennes, par leurs expositions aux marchés financiers américains, sont diversifiées internationalement: une part de leurs actifs et de leurs dettes est libellée en dollar américain. Le taux de change flottant entre le dollar et l
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Farský, Samuel. "Portfolio construction and international diversification during crisis." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-201074.

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Portfolio diversification is a procedure by which investor allocates and divides his or her funds into different type of securities. Unlike the investing all the funds solely into one security, diversification enables to reduce the risk of an investment by splitting one big risk into several small, unrelated risks. This master thesis examines the problem of diversification during a financial crisis, when usually the risk of an investment and uncertainty of future incomes from investment is relatively higher. The main goal of this thesis is to define whether is it more efficient and beneficial
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Azeb, Girmai. "Cultural Tourism as Creating Opportunities for Livelihood Diversification in Ethiopia." Kyoto University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/253404.

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Chatti, Mohamed Ali. "Diversification bancaire, performance, éthique : alternative ou complémentarité ? : cas des banques islamiques." Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100122.

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L’objet de cette thèse est d’étudier l’impact de la stratégie de diversification sur la performance et les risques des banques islamiques. Nous nous intéressons en particulier à deux catégories de la diversification : la diversification d’activité et la diversification des modes de financement. Notre étude se décompose ainsi en deux grandes parties. Le premier chapitre de la première partie présente une revue de littérature du concept de la diversification. Cette littérature laisse entrevoir que ce concept de diversification fait débat entre les chercheurs. Certains affirment que ce concept pe
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Hertéus, Robin, and Simon Hilmgård. "Capital Structure and Diversification Strategies - A Study of Swedish Real Estate Companies Over Time." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-190204.

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This thesis’ aim is to study four Swedish real estate companies between the years 2006-2015 to see whether their capital structure and investment strategies have changed over the years. The data upon which the thesis is based, is gathered from the four companies’ annual reports. These years are of interest due to the changing economic environment, both in Sweden and the world, during this time period. The time period includes one financial crisis and a never before experienced interest rate environment with rates around zero percent. Traditional capital structure- and diversification theories
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Tran, Viet-Dung. "Essays on financial economics of banking : capital structure, diversification, earnings management, and dividend policy." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAG013.

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La thèse comprend quatre essais. Dans le premier essai lié aux déterminants de la structure du capital des banques, nous constatons que les banques déterminent leur structure de capital de la même manière que les entreprises non financières, principalement avec le ratio du capital sur les actifs. Les résultats montrent également, outre les effets directs, les impacts indirects des facteurs au niveau du pays, sur la décision du capital de la banque. Le deuxième essai se concentre sur la relation entre la diversification et les risques bancaires, et montre que les banques ayant une part relative
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Books on the topic "Capital diversification"

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Rendleman, Richard J. Diversification and the taxation of capital gains and losses. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2003.

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Desai, Mihir A. Taxes, institutions and foreign diversification opportunities. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2007.

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Rajan, Raghuram. The cost of diversity: The diversification discount and inefficient investment. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1998.

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Brainard, S. Lael. Protecting losers: Optimal diversification, insurance, and trade policy. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1991.

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Bekaert, Geert. Diversification, integration and emerging market closed-end funds. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1995.

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Geert, Bekaert. Diversification, integration and emerging market closed-end funds. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1995.

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Schlingemann, Frederik P. Corporate focusing and internal capital markets. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1999.

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Papaioannou, Michael G. Emerging market portfolios: Diversification and hedging strategies. Irwin Professional Pub., 1997.

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Koren, Miklós. Financial globalization, portfolio diversification, and the pattern of international trade. International Monetary Fund, Research Department, 2004.

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Lewis, Karen K. Is the international diversification potential diminishing?: Foreign equity inside and outside the U.S. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Capital diversification"

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Lehner, Johannes M. "Diversification in Venture Capital." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Private Equity. Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38738-9_254-1.

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Lehner, Johannes M. "Diversification in Venture Capital." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Private Equity. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-81653-6_254.

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Ahn, Seoungpil. "The Diversification Discount." In The Art of Capital Restructuring. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118258996.ch28.

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Amedzro St-Hilaire, Walter. "Diversification of Countermeasures and Strengthening Them." In Advanced Governing for Capital Flight. Apple Academic Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003003083-5.

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Laopodis, Nikiforos T. "Efficient diversification and capital market theory." In Understanding Investments. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003027478-11.

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Hyman, Leonard S., and Heidimarie West. "Diversification, Deregulation, and Competition: Cost of Capital Implications for Electric Utilities." In Deregulation and Diversification of Utilities. Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-6897-7_10.

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Majewska, Agnieszka, and Urszula Gierałtowska. "Diversification of the Equity Portfolio Using Precious Metals in Poland." In Effective Investments on Capital Markets. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21274-2_19.

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Firth, Michael, Man Jin, and Yuanyuan Zhang. "Information Asymmetry and the Diversification Discount: Evidence from Listed Firms in China." In Developing China's Capital Market. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137341570_2.

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Li, Xuefeng. "The Influence of Diversification Strategy on Capital Structure." In Bio-inspired Computing – Theories and Applications. Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3611-8_46.

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Santry, Gary, and Simon Stevenson. "The Impact of Diversification Opportunities in European Capital Markets." In EMU, Financial Markets and the World Economy. Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5131-4_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Capital diversification"

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Mizernaya, M. A., T. A. Oitseva, O. N. Kuzmina, T. M. Aitkazyyev, and Z. I. Chernenko. "ANALYSIS OF THE MINERAL RESOURCE OF KAZAKHSTAN." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 24. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/1.1/s01.02.

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The objective of this study is to conduct an in-depth analysis of the mineral resource base in Kazakhstan, specifically focusing on copper, zinc, lead, and gold, with the aim of identifying key determinants crucial for ensuring its sustainable development. The mineral resource sector serves as a cornerstone of Kazakhstan's economy and industrial landscape. This article seeks to elucidate the critical parameters defining its current state, placing particular emphasis on the presence and quality of mineral deposits. Furthermore, it encompasses a comprehensive examination of the technological adv
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Chu, Shun-Ho, Xize Gong, Ziyi Fang, Haoming Lan, and Haokai Gou. "Diversification, Relational Capital and Bank Performance: Evidence from Commercial Banks in China." In 2019 International Conference on Management Science and Industrial Economy (MSIE 2019). Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/msie-19.2020.60.

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Hamidova, Lala. "The Necessity of Diversification of Industry of Azerbaijan." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c07.01659.

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The article reveals the benefits of diversification of industry, measures for overcoming of "curse of natural resources" in relation to the conditions of Azerbaijan and moving from the resource development industry in the country are studied there. &#x0D; This issue has three aims. Firstly, it is disclosure of necessity of diversification of industry, secondly - justification of the benefits of diversification, the third aim - the development of scientifically based recommendations for opportunities of diversification of the economy of the country. Two ways are used for fight against "curse of
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Xu, Xue-Xia, Ya-Wen Liu, Jie Ju, and Sun-Lei Yang. "Diversification and Capital Cost of Agricultural Listed Companies??qBased on External Financing Analysis." In 4th Annual International Conference on Management, Economics and Social Development (ICMESD 2018). Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icmesd-18.2018.157.

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Song, Yingchun. "The Path Analysis of Diversification Strategy and Capital Structure in the Listed Companies." In 2011 International Conference on Management and Service Science (MASS 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmss.2011.5999354.

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Xizhen, Zhang. "A Study on the Reciprocal Relationship between Strategic Resource, Diversification Strategy and Capital Structure." In 2010 International Conference on E-Business and E-Government (ICEE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icee.2010.904.

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Dias, Rui, Nicole Horta, Catarina Revez, Paulo Alexandre, and Paula Heliodoro. "Risk Diversification in Central and Eastern European Capital Markets: Evidence from Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine." In 8th International Scientific Conference ERAZ - Knowledge Based Sustainable Development. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eraz.s.p.2022.1.

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Following the Revolution of Dignity in Ukraine in 2014, Russia an­nexed Crimea, while separatist forces supported by the Russian government seized part of the Donbas region in south-eastern Ukraine. Since the begin­ning of 2021, a build-up of Russian military presence has occurred along the Russia-Ukraine border. The United States and other countries have ac­cused Russia of planning an invasion of Ukraine. On February 24th, Putin announced a “special military operation,” supposedly to “demilitarize” and “denazify” Ukraine. In light of these events, the global economy and con­sequently the fina
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Wei, Fulei, and Xiaofeng Ju. "Study on the Mechanism of Entrepreneurial Social Capital Affecting the Diversification and Risk of Chinese Enterprises." In 2016 International Conference on Humanity, Education and Social Science. Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ichess-16.2016.42.

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Liu, Chuang, and Lu Ma. "Research on the Relationship among Intelligence Capital, Corporate Diversification Strategy and Corporate Performance of Top Management Teams." In 2018 International Conference on Management and Education, Humanities and Social Sciences (MEHSS 2018). Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/mehss-18.2018.45.

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Chambino, Mariana, Rui Dias, and Nicole Horta. "Time-Varying Co-movements between Wti and European Capital Markets: Implications for Portfolio Diversification and Hedging Strategies." In Eighth International Scientific-Business Conference LIMEN Leadership, Innovation, Management and Economics: Integrated Politics of Research. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/limen.s.p.2022.31.

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This paper aims to analyse whether the events of 2020 and 2022 (Covid-19 pandemic crisis, the oil price war between Russia and Sau­di Arabia, and the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022) affected efficien­cy, and accentuated shocks across markets in the Netherlands (AEX), Bel­gium (BEL 20), France (CAC 40), Portugal (PSI 20), Norway (OBX), and in the West Texas Intermediate (WTI) oil index, during the period from Sep­tember 18th, 2017, to 15th, September 2022. The findings reveal that mar­kets exhibit more substantial signals of (in)efficiency throughout the glob­al economy’s uncertainty sub-p
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Reports on the topic "Capital diversification"

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Rendleman, Richard, and Douglas Shackelford. Diversification and the Taxation of Capital Gains and Losses. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w9674.

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Saeed, Hamid, Keertana Subramani, Salma Refass, Nasser Saidi, Fadi Salem, and Ben Shepherd. Global Economic Diversification Index 2025: Navigating economic diversification in a de-globalized world. Mohammed bin Rashid School of Government, 2025. https://doi.org/10.46993/1/46.

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The Global Economic Diversification Index (EDI) 2025 report provides valuable longitudinal datasets to inform policy, research, and economic development efforts across the globe. It specifically highlights the importance of economic diversification for commodity-producing nations to mitigate the risks of growth, trade, and revenue volatility. The report underscores the vulnerability of countries dependent on commodities to various shocks, such as price fluctuations, climate change, and global pandemics. Successful diversification can be accelerated through adopting new technologies and digital
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Hanks, Andrew, Shengjun Jiang, Xuechao Qian, Bo Wang, and Bruce Weinberg. Do Double Majors Face Less Risk? An Analysis of Human Capital Diversification. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w32095.

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Hausmann, Ricardo, and Eduardo Fernández-Arias. International Initiatives to Bring Stability to Financial Integration. Inter-American Development Bank, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010765.

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Financial liberalization and integration have generated disappointing results. They were supposed to set up a win-win situation: capital would flow from capital-abundant, low-return, aging industrial countries to capital-scarce, high-return, young emerging countries. Growth in receiving countries would accelerate and both giver and receiver would be happier, while everyone's diversification opportunities improved. As a bonus, emerging market policymakers would be disciplined by losing access to a captive local financial market.
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Goreczky, Péter. Decoupling or diversification? Dilemmas of India, Japan, and Australia in shaping economic relations with China. Külügyi és Külgazdasági Intézet, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47683/kkielemzesek.e-2021.29.

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US allies in the Indo-Pacific region, India, Japan and Australia are all making considerable efforts to reduce economic dependence on China. In the case of India, border clashes boost the political motivations of the trend, while in the economic sense the country’s trade deficit, the import of the pharmaceutical and automotive industries, and the determinative role of Chinese capital in the tech sector result in a unique dependency. As for Japanese companies, China remains a key manufacturing base and market, and therefore Tokyo is interested in the diversification of supply chains and manufac
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Hausmann, Ricardo, and Michael Gavin. Make or Buy?: Approaches to Financial Market Integration. Inter-American Development Bank, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011591.

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The sharp differences between financial markets as they exist in Latin America and how we might expect them to look under full integration suggest that the financial constraints on Latin American economic development have much to do with the region's financial markets' incomplete integration in the world financial system. This paper suggests that the underlying cause of Latin America's limited integration with world financial markets is not explicit barriers to international financial transactions. Rather, weaknesses in the domestic financial markets that would be called upon to intermediate i
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Belahmidi, Claudia. Assessing ESG Impact in the Oil and Gas Industry: A Multi-Criteria Approach. King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, 2025. https://doi.org/10.30573/ks--2025-dp08.

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The paper titled “Assessing ESG Impact in the Oil &amp; Gas Industry: A Multi-Criteria Approach” discusses the critical role of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) principles in the oil and gas sector, highlighting both challenges and opportunities. The document emphasizes the industry’s longstanding governance and social focus, with environmental concerns gaining prominence due to climate change pressures. ESG compliance is now essential for securing financial backing, with third-party ESG ratings influencing corporate reputations and capital allocation. The paper reviews internationa
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Perraudin, William, Andrew Powell, and Peng Yang. Multilateral Development Bank Ratings and Preferred Creditor Status. Inter-American Development Bank, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011741.

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This paper analyzes influences on the credit standing of Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs), specifically the quality, diversification and single name concentration of their portfolios, and on the market practice known as Preferred Creditor Status (PCS), whereby sovereigns that default on other debt rarely fail to meet their obligations to MDBs. The paper examines how rating agencies assess MDB ratings, focusing in particular on how Standard &amp; Poor's assesses capital as part of its MDB rating process. The results are compared with those implied by an industry-standard, ratings-based Cre
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Warin, Thierry. Canada–U.S. Trade in a Globalized Economy: Elasticities, Asymmetries, and Policy Imperatives. CIRANO, 2025. https://doi.org/10.54932/slph3996.

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This study examines the intricate trade interdependencies between Canada and the United States, highlighting how aggregate export–import figures can mask deeper economic realities. Approximately three-quarters of Canadian merchandise exports head to the United States each year, contributing to a bilateral merchandise trade surplus for Canada in the range of 100 to 170 billion Canadian dollars. Yet, when energy products are excluded, the United States shows a small surplus with Canada, illustrating how both sides benefit from specialized cross-border value chains. Analyses of selected sectors d
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Flores, Herisadel. Strengthening the Financing of State Universities and Colleges: Challenges and Opportunities. Philippine Institute for Development Studies, 2025. https://doi.org/10.62986/dp2025.15.

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State universities and colleges serve as critical pillars of higher education, human capital development, and technological innovation in the Philippines. As publicly funded institutions, they play a vital role in addressing educational disparities, fostering inclusive growth, and advancing research that contributes to national development. This study examines the funding approaches employed by SUCs, assessing their viability amid growing economic pressures and evolving policy landscapes. Traditionally, SUCs rely on direct government appropriations, supplemented by internally generated income
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