Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Capitalist materialism'

Este estudo pretende investigar, a partir do confronto da tese elaborada por Fredric Jamseon em Pós-modernismo ou a lógica cultural do capitalismo tardio com uma análise voltada para a materialidade histórica, o alcance da fusão da base e da superestrutura no capitalismo tardio. Nesse sentido, busca esclarecer em que medida o ensaio de Jameson ajuda a compreender a dominância do pós-modernismo, e o quanto é insuficiente, por outro lado, para explicar a situação da produção material nas regiões em que o neoliberalismo e a globalização não estão desenvolvidos, e que, portanto, não respondem integralmente à lógica cultural que anima o capitalismo financeiro. Noutras palavras, reinvindica-se o teste da realidade da ideologia do pós-modernismo para além das fronteiras do mundo anglo-saxão. Sendo assim, é debatida a possibilidade da tese de Jameson sobre a fusão da base e da superestrutura no estágio do capitalismo tardio estar circunscrita aos países onde ambos, a acumulação flexível e a globalização financeira, de fato, vingaram. Sem prejuízo do conteúdo da crítica, esta pesquisa visa igualmente traçar considerações acerca da prosa jamesoniana, a fim de apontar para alguns de seus efeitos e sua relação com o caráter de denúncia apresentado no ensaio e estabelecer suas correspondências com o método da Escola de Frankfurt, mais especificamente, o de Theodor Adorno.
This study intends to investigate, from the confrontation of the thesis prepared by Fredric Jameson in Postmodernism or the Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism, with an analysis on the historical materiality, the extent of the fusion of the base and superestructure in late capitalism. In this sense, it seeks to clarify where Jamesons essay helps to understand the dominance of postmodernism and how it is unsufficient to explain the situation of material production in areas where neoliberalism and globalization are not developed and, therefore, do not respond fully to the cultural logic that animates financial capitalism. In other words, it is necessary a reality test of the ideology of postmodernism beyond the borders of the Anglo-Saxon world. Thus, it is discussed the possibility of Jamesons thesis of base and superestructure stage of late capitalism be restricted to countries where both flexible accumulation and financial globalization indeed ocurred. This research also aims to make considerations about Jamsons prose in order to point some of its effects and its relations with the denouncing contents of this essay and estabilish their correspondences with the method of the Frankfurt School, more specifically, the one of Theodor Adorno.

Este es un documento con texto e imágenes, que produce cierto impulso eléctrico variable sobre algunos lectores. Redactado por un artista en el marco de un programa de doctorado de una Facultad de Bellas Artes. En el texto se habla, probablemente de forma distorsionada y torpe, de lo que otros escribieron o hicieron. Un paquete de información filtrada, condensada, desgranada, orientada e introducida con cierta libertad a través de la mirada sobre el trabajo de ocho artistas, esto es también una forma de proyectar y performatizar mi propia práctica artística. Una cadena de citas, referencias e ideas impulsadas por la necesidad de dilucidar y dar forma a la intuición de que el progreso técnico y el conocimiento científico en la entrada del siglo XXI, han logrado colonizar al propio lenguaje artístico, delimitando su campo de acción y subyugándolo a esa fuerza discursivo-material que lo invade todo, incluyendo, el momento de encuentro entre tú y las partículas que mantienen de forma estable los distintos soportes donde se expresan estas palabras escritas.
This is a document with texts and images which produces a kind of variabl electric impulse for some readers. It is written down by an artist in the PHD context of a Fine Arts University. The text deals about the work that others have already written and made, in a distort and clumsy way. A packet of filtered data which has been condensed, guided and introduced by a certain degree of freedom through the eight-artist works. This is also a way of projecting and performing my own artistic praxis. A chain of quotes and ideas which have been impulsed by the need for explaining and giving shape to the intuition that the technical progress and the scientific knowledge (at the beginning of the 21st century) have been colonized by the own artistic language; drawing its action área and subjugating it to a discursive material power which involves everything, including the meeting moment between you and the particles which maintain stable shapes of the different supports where these written words are pronounced.

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The dissertation talks about the necessity of doing a reflection about the criminal enforcement out of merely dogmatic delimitations, in other words, there is a necessity of doing analysis of the criminal enforcement and its relation with the capitalism, essencially how the production’s relations influence to make decisions in a criminal system enforcement. Such connection has been estudied firmely based on Critical Criminology and developed in three chapters. On Chapter I, there is a demonstration of the punishment by a historical view with theirs transformation’s results. On Chapter II, there is an approach about the historical materialism in the same way of the critical view by Kichheimer and Rusche that examine the prision system related to class conflict and its relation with the capitalist system.At last, the chapter III shows a criticism about the jail as a way to make the prisioner to be reintegrated to the capitalism by the relations between the punitive system and the capitalism system based on Michel Foucault, Melossi and Pavarini reference works. increments
A dissertação versa sobre a necessidade de se refletir a execução penal fora de contornos puramente dogmáticos, ou seja, requer a análise da execução penal e sua relação com o capitalismo, essencialmente sobre como as relações de produção influenciam na tomada de decisões em um sistema de execução penal. Tal relação é explorada com base na Criminologia Crítica e desenvolvida em três capítulos. No capítulo I, há a demonstração da pena sob uma perspectiva histórica com as suas consequentes transformações. No capítulo II, existe a abordagem sobre o materialismo histórico nos termos da abordagem crítica inaugurada em Kichheimer e Rusche que analisam o sistema carcerário no contexto da luta de classes e sua consequente relação com o sistema capitalista. Por último, o capítulo III apresenta uma crítica ao cárcere como meio socialização do preso para o capitalismo por meio das relações entre o sistema punitivo e o sistema capitalista fundamentadas nas obras de Michel Foucault e Melossi e Pavarini.

The aim of this dissertation is to analyze how modernization theory of values change and capitalist ideology affect individuals' attitudes toward generosity. Because generosity is a concept rooted in our human value system, it would be worthwhile attempting to explain the interplay between individuals' values and larger socio-economic environment. From modernization theory explanations of values change, it is expected that noble, higher-order values such as generosity will receive more approval and support as economic pressures decline as result of economic development. However, individuals' values are also being influenced by principles of the specific type of economic ideology embraced in each country around the world. This study will explain how the different types of capitalist ideology impact individuals' values. In relation to these, it is suggested that the notion of `economic ideology' should be taken into consideration as a factor interacting with the modernization thesis of values change in influencing individuals' predisposition toward generosity. An economic ideology motivates behavior and determines norms for many human interactions. In this study, `economic ideology' is constructed as the interaction between capitalism characteristics and materialistic values. One hypothesis suggests that capitalism is negatively correlated with the emergence or advancement of generosity. A second hypothesis, examines whether the effect of capitalism is moderated through the presence of materialistic values or specific type of economic ideology. Within this enquiry the study uses a cross-national and a multilevel approach that mainly concentrates on the analysis of the World Values Survey which presents a broad examination of cross-national differences. The results indicate the validity of the economic ideology effect. Initially, at the individual level capitalism is associated significantly, albeit weakly, to generosity. When this relationship is allowed to vary across countries, then capitalism coefficient is not significant. Nevertheless, when the original argument about the influence of the economic ideology on individuals' values is considered, the new model modifies the previously reported results. The capitalism coefficient not only turns out to be significant, but also changes the direction of its coefficient demonstrating the moderating effect of the economic ideology hypothesis.

Orientador: Lígia Marcia Martins
Banca: Newton Duarte
Banca: Fernando Ramalho Martins
Banca: Ângelo Antonio Abrantes
Banca: Almir Paulo dos Santos
Resumo: Este trabalho trata o conceito de Identidade Profissional do Professor, sob o enfoque do Materialismo Histórico-Dialético. A discussão da identidade profissional do professor ganha destaque especificamente durante o processo de reestruturação capitalista da produção e normatização do padrão flexível de acumulação. A mesma se apresenta como prerrogativa para a formação de professores numa perspectiva crítica e autônoma no âmbito do profissionalismo docente, com o propósito de superar a crise de identidade sobre o trabalho do professor. Do mesmo modo, as determinações da reestruturação produtiva ecoam sobre o magistério sob a forma do empobrecimento dos conteúdos escolares e da substituição de um ensino calcado nos conhecimentos científicos objetivos, por uma formação em afinidade estrutural com as novas exigências do capitalismo contemporâneo. Nesse sentido, problematizamos o conceito de Identidade Profissional do Professor questionando a sua prerrogativa como forma de superação da crise instaurada pelas mudanças do capitalismo. Entendendo-o como uma maneira de adaptação as demandas impostas por essa dinâmica produtiva, discutimos as suas bases teóricas, colocando em suspeição o conceito de identidade. Por fim discutimos a insuficiência da identidade do professor circunscrita a sua particularidade profissional e a necessidade histórica da apreensão da universalidade do trabalho educativo para a formação docente
Abstract: This work deals with the concept of Teacher Professional Identity, from the standpoint of historical materialism-Dialectical. The discussion of teacher professional identity is highlighted specifically during the capitalist restructuring of the production and standardization of flexible accumulation pattern. The same is presented as a prerogative for the training of teachers in a critical and autonomous perspective within the teaching professionalism, in order to overcome the identity crisis of the teacher's work. Similarly, the determinations of productive restructuring on the magisterium can influence the in the form of impoverishment of school subjects and replacing a based education in objective scientific knowledge by training in structural affinity with the changing demands of contemporary capitalism. In this sense, we put in question the concept of Teacher Professional Identity, questioning his prerogative as a way of overcoming the crisis brought by the changes of capitalism. Understanding it as a way to adapt the demands imposed by this productive dynamic, discuss their theoretical bases, putting on suspicion the concept of identity. Lastly we discuss the failure of the identity of the teacher limited to his professional particularity and the historical necessity of the apprehension of universality of educational work for teacher training
Doutor

This collection of work grew from a guided journey and an exploration of ideas that has not only encouraged my growth as an artist, but as a responsible citizen sharing this world with others. Over the duration of this evolution I have become increasingly attentive to what I feel is our collective manufactured existence; the things that we produce and the influence that this production has on our lives. From the built environment, material and immaterial commodities, advertising and marketing, consumption, sustainability, etc., all these continuously shifting factors act as constants in our lives and shape our psychosocial development. To better understand this, I have delved into looking at both myself and others for evidence of the various effects from living in a consumer culture. Drawing also from extensive research in the history of as well as contemporary theories on production, mass media culture, addiction, exploitation of people and resources, and the growth of technology, I look to increase not only my own awareness on these subjects, but to also educate others. My process of making work is a meditation in order to better facilitate inspection intertwined with introspection. A finished piece becomes an externalization of this effort, but not as a conclusion. The various mixed media included in All These Things is the culmination of an ongoing search that encourages conversation and further evaluation of our roles in a commodity culture. By coming at this multi-faceted topic from different directions, I am offering a radial view into the many possible considerations for what it means to be a consumer and how this affects us all.

Memoria (licenciado en ciencias jurídicas y sociales)
Este trabajo tiene como objetivo principal pensar la posibilidad de la justicia, presentando y criticando el proyecto de la Dra. Adela Cortina. El primer momento de esta investigación, se sitúa en historia de la filosofía, donde se explica la posible relación entre la ética, la economía y la justicia. El segundo momento, explicara el proyecto de justicia de Adela Cortina. Finalmente se realiza una crítica para poder esbozar un proyecto de participación -económica- radical.

Es presenta una recerca activista de geografia crítica sobre el capitalisme balear: el poder, el seu procés d’internacionalització, els fluxos de materials del seu metabolisme social i la seva petjada ecològica. En primer lloc, es vinculen l’economia ecològica i la geografia crítica, amb l’estudi de les mesures biofísiques, les lògiques espacials i els processos socials del capitalisme balear. En segon lloc, es pretén situar el turisme en un lloc central en la via d’acumulació capitalista, desxifrar la seva dinàmica sociopolítica, la geografia de la seva globalització neoliberal i els conflictes socials que genera, particularment la seva contribució a la crisi socioecològica global. En tercer lloc, s’ha pretès esbrinar l’evolució geohistòrica del capitalisme balear, amb l’anàlisi de les geometries del poder, una comptabilitat biofísica, les solucions geogràfiques del capital –deslocalitzacions productives i desplaçaments de les extraccions– i els conflictes socials associats.
Se presenta una investigación activista de geografía crítica sobre el capitalismo balear: el poder, su proceso de internacionalización, los flujos de materiales de su metabolismo social y su huella ecológica. En primer lugar, se vinculan la economía ecológica y la geografía crítica, con el estudio de las medidas biofísicas, las lógicas espaciales y los procesos sociales del capitalismo balear. En segundo lugar, se pretende situar el turismo en un lugar central en la vía de acumulación capitalista, descifrar su dinámica sociopolítica, la geografía de su globalización neoliberal y los conflictos sociales que genera, particularmente su contribución a la crisis socioecológica global. En tercer lugar se ha pretendido averiguar la evolución geohistórica del capitalismo balear, con el análisis de las geometrías del poder, una contabilidad biofísica, las sociones geográfics del capital –deslocalizaciones productivas y desplazamientos de las extracciones– y los conflictos sociales a él asociados.
We are submitting a critical geography activist research paper on Balearic capitalism: the power, its internationalization process, the flows of materials of its social metabolism and its ecological footprint. Firstly, ecological economics and critical geography are linked with the study of biophysical measurements, spatial logics and the social processes of Balearic capitalism. Secondly, an attempt is made to situate tourism in a central place in the path of capitalist accumulation, deciphering its socio-political dynamic, the geography of its neoliberal globalization and the social conflicts generated, particularly its contribution to the global socio-economic crisis. Thirdly, we have attempted to discover the geohistorical evolution of Balearic capitalism, by analyzing the geometries of power, biophysical accounting and the geographical solutions of the capital – relocation of production and movement of the extractions – and associated social conflicts.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This research aims to investigate the formation and activities of political form in Latin America, taking for granted that their formation takes place in the capitalist system of states. We starts from the idea that there are specificities in such regional polity formation that prevents the automatic transfer of data collected in the classical theory of state, needing to think a theory to understand them (José Luis Fiori; Tilman Evers; Joachim Hirsch). For this, we evaluated the political and economic constructs, from three moments: 1) the invasion of the territory of the native peoples who had already consolidated specific social forms, and the consequent looting of the continent - primitive accumulation of capital; 2) the exploitation of wealth for the European center, where the state was already forming; 3) economic exploitation of the region with great economic cycles that influenced politics formation. With the analysis of original studies, historical data and legal texts, identifies the hypothesis that the derivation of the state (political form) and Law (legal form) in Latin America occurs from two main ways: 1) subordination of non-capitalist social forms; and, 2) the integration into the world market. To understand the development of political order in Latin American periphery, as well as citizenship and immediate need for the countries of the region through the theoretical framework depart Materialist Theory of the State which dates from the 1970s. Finally, it will be possible to understand the practical action of the Latin American State for a process of socialist transition, especially from the original theoretical effort of the region, that is, that takes Latin America as its object.
Esta investigación tiene como objetivo investigar la formación y el papel de la forma política en América Latina, dando por sentado que su formación se produce en el sistema capitalista de los Estados. Se inicia con la idea de que existen especificidades en tal formación política regional que impide la transferencia automática de datos, recolectados en la teoría clásica del Estado, tienen que pensar en una teoría que entiende (José Luis Fiori; Tilman Evers; Joachim Hirsch). Por lo tanto, ambos se evaluarán las construcciones políticas, como la económica, a partir de tres etapas: 1) la invasión del territorio de los pueblos originarios que ya tenían formas consolidadas específicas sociales, y el consiguiente saqueo del continente - la acumulación primitiva de capital; 2) la exploración de la riqueza para el centro de Europa, donde ya se ha formado el estado; 3) la explotación económica de la región con grandes ciclos económicos que influyen en la formación política. Con el análisis de los estudios originales, datos y textos jurídicos históricos, identifica la hipótesis de que la derivación de la (forma política) Estado y Derecho (forma jurídica) en América Latina toma de dos maneras principales: 1) la subordinación de las formas sociales no capitalistas; y, 2) la integración al mercado mundial. Para entender el desarrollo de la forma política en la periferia latinoamericana y la ciudadanía como un medio inmediato y necesario a los países de la región, el marco teórico se iniciará desde la teoría materialista del Estado que data de la década de 1970. Finalmente, será posible comprender la acción práctica del Estado latinoamericano para un proceso de transición socialista, especialmente desde el esfuerzo teórico original de la región, es decir, que toma como objeto a América Latina.
Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar a constituição e a atuação da forma política na América Latina, tendo como dado que sua formação se dá no sistema capitalista de Estados. Parte-se da ideia de que há especificidades em tal formação política regional que impede a automática transferência de dados colhidos na Teoria do Estado clássica, necessitando pensar uma teoria que as compreenda (José Luís Fiori; Tilman Evers; Joachim Hirsch). Para tanto, serão avaliadas tanto as construções políticas, quanto as econômicas, a partir de três momentos: 1) a invasão do território dos povos originários que já possuíam formas sociais específicas consolidadas, bem como a consequente pilhagem do continente - acumulação primitiva do capital; 2) a exploração de riquezas para o centro europeu, onde o Estado já se formava; 3) a exploração econômica da região com os grandes ciclos econômicos que influenciaram na formação política. Com a análise de estudos originais, dados e diplomas jurídicos históricos, identifica-se a hipótese de que a derivação do Estado (forma política) e do Direito (forma jurídica) na América Latina se dá a partir de dois meios principais: 1) a subordinação das formas sociais não-capitalistas; e, 2) a integração ao mercado mundial. Para compreender o desenvolvimento da forma política na periferia latino-americana, bem como a cidadania como meio imediato e necessário aos países da região, o referencial teórico partirá da Teoria Materialista do Estado que remonta desde os anos 1970. Por fim, será possível compreender a atuação prática do Estado Latino-Americano para um processo de transição socialista, em especial, a partir do esforço teórico original da região, isto é, que toma a América Latina como objeto.

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The dynamics, the antagonisms and contradictions inside the capitalist mode of production impact the capitalist form of sociability due to the crisis arising from the capitalist economic laws, especially in concerning of the tendency of falling rate of profit law. From a rereading of the theory critic of value, the debate proposed in this dissertation seeks to discusse and meditate about the mediations in which, directly or indirectly, consciously or unconsciously, affect the legal form and political form that is embodied in the Modern State, providing important elements for further discussion of current marixist´s theories of regulation and derivation of political form and legal form.
A dinâmica, os antagonismos e as contradições do modo de produção do capital impactam a forma de sociabilidade capitalista pelas crises cíclicas e estruturais decorrentes das leis econômicas do capital, especialmente na lei da queda tendencial da taxa de lucro. A partir de uma releitura da teoria crítica do valor, o debate proposto na presente dissertação busca discutir e refletir sobre as mediações que, direta ou indiretamente, consciente ou inconscientemente, afetam à forma jurídica do Direito e a forma política que se materializa no Estado moderno, fornecendo elementos importantes para futuros debates das atuais teorias marxistas da regulação e da derivação da forma política e da forma jurídica.

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This research has, as a study object, the use of school materials in a state school from São Paulo. The problem of the investigation is to know if the management of this kind of material follows the sustainability principles. It started from the hypothesis that the school materials waste and irregular use may be attached to the society consumption pattern and, also, that such materials, which is distributed by the public power, may be not being used correctly, what becomes evident through the apparent waste and punctual actions, distant from a critical view and sustainable attitudes, from the environmental point of view, by the educational agents. Seeking to understand the advances of the school materials delivery, this research proposes to carry out a legal support assessment about them, identifying controversies and contradictions that surround the resources which are available in the educational environment. The methodology includes documental analysis, focus groups with teachers and students, interview with the management team, within the scope of a case study, in a São Paulo state school. The main theoretical critical reference was the Frankfurt school Critical Theory. In the analysis result of the involved persons’ speech, we could observe that the school materials management follows the logic of the exacerbated consumption, characteristic from this capitalist society, since these materials end up not being used with sustainability principles. We have also realized that the formation is weakened, by having the theory and praxis articulation committed in its development. Finally, it is possible to affirm that there are contradictions about the school materials delivery, use and discard made by the attended community, since the formation is the main question. It is possible to say that the public policy reflects very little on the concerns about the sustainability which becomes evident in the documentary analyses. Without a users’ critical reflection, the school materials end up being wasted and discarded in an irregular way, causing damages in many spheres. The research is concluded with an intervention proposal which permits advances in the use of these materials utilized by this school community, in order to promote awareness and the viability of an educational performance based on sustainability criteria.
Esta investigación tiene como objeto de estudio la utilización del material escolar en una escuela estatal de São Paulo / Brasil. El problema de la investigación es saber si la gestión de este tipo de material sigue con los principios del desarrollo sostenible. Partió de las hipótesis de que el despilfarro y el uso irregular de materiales escolares pueden estar conectados a los patrones de consumo de la sociedad y también que dicho material distribuido por el gobierno puede no estar siendo utilizado correctamente, lo que se evidencia por medio del aparente despilfarro y de acciones puntuales desvinculadas de una actitud crítica y sostenibles, bajo el punto de vista del medio ambiente, según los educadores. En la búsqueda de la comprensión de los avances en la distribución de material escolar, la investigación se propone llevar a cabo un estudio del apoyo legal en ellos para identificar polémicas y contradicciones que rodean a los recursos que están disponibles en el entorno escolar. La metodología incluye el análisis de documentos, grupos focales con profesores y con estudiantes, entrevistas con el equipo de gestión, como parte del estudio de caso en esta escuela pública de São Paulo. El principal marco teórico fue la Teoría Crítica de la Escuela de Frankfurt. En el resultado del análisis de los discursos de los involucrados, se observó que la gestión de los materiales escolares sigue la lógica del consumo exagerado, característica de esta sociedad capitalista, ya que estos materiales no terminan siendo utilizados con los principios sostenibles. También observamos que la formación se encuentra debilitada, y la articulación entre la teoría y la praxis comprometida en su desarrollo. Por último, es posible decir que hay contradicciones en cuanto a la distribución, la utilización y el desecho de materiales escolares realizados por esta comunidad que se sirve de la formación como cuestión principal. Es posible decir que las políticas públicas poco reflejan las preocupaciones sostenibles y así se queda más evidente en los documentos genéricos y en los tribunales superiores. Sin una reflexión crítica de los usuarios, el material escolar termina siendo despilfarrado y desechado de manera irregular, causando perjuicios en diversos ámbitos. La investigación se completa con la propuesta de una intervención para permitir avances en el uso de estos materiales para esta comunidad escolar con el fin de promover concientización y la viabilidad de una actuación educativa basada en criterios sustentables.
Esta pesquisa tem como objeto de estudo a utilização do material escolar em uma escola estadual de São Paulo. O problema da investigação é saber se a gestão desse tipo de material segue com princípios de sustentabilidade. Partiu das hipóteses de que o desperdício e o uso irregular do material escolar pode estar ligado ao padrão de consumo da sociedade e, também, de que tal material distribuído pelo poder público pode não estar sendo utilizado corretamente, o que se evidencia por meio do aparente desperdício e de ações pontuais descoladas de uma visão crítica e atitudes sustentáveis, sob um ponto de vista ambiental, por parte dos agentes educativos. Na busca por compreender os avanços na distribuição dos materiais escolares, a pesquisa propõe realizar um levantamento do suporte legal sobre eles, identificando polêmicas e contradições que cercam os recursos que estão disponíveis no ambiente escolar. A metodologia inclui análise documental, grupos focais com professores e com estudantes, entrevistas com a equipe gestora, no âmbito de um estudo de caso, em uma escola estadual de São Paulo. O principal referencial teórico foi a teoria crítica da escola de Frankfurt. No resultado das análises dos discursos dos envolvidos, observamos que a gestão dos materiais escolares segue a lógica do consumo exacerbado, característico desta sociedade capitalista, visto que esses materiais acabam não sendo utilizados com princípios de sustentabilidade. Constatamos também que a formação encontra-se fragilizada, tendo a articulação teoria e práxis comprometida em seu desenvolvimento. Finalmente, é possível afirmar que existem contradições quanto à distribuição, ao uso e ao descarte de materiais escolares feito por essa comunidade atendida, sendo a formação a principal questão. É possível afirmar que as políticas públicas pouco refletem as preocupações para com a sustentabilidade, o que fica evidente nas análises documentais. Sem uma reflexão crítica dos usuários, o material escolar acaba sendo desperdiçado e descartado de forma irregular, causando prejuízos em várias esferas. A pesquisa é concluída com a proposta de intervenção que permite avanços no uso desses materiais utilizados por essa comunidade escolar, a fim de promover conscientização e a viabilidade de uma atuação educativa pautada em critérios de sustentabilidade.

El siguiente trabajo de investigación pretende en primer término, contribuir a liberar de trabas ideológicas la noción contemporánea de los derechos fundamentales. Para ello hará uso de las concepciones filosóficas, como metodología científica, de la corriente del pensamiento que a la fecha se ha venido confirmando en las ciencias de la naturaleza, la sociedad y el pensamiento, y que ninguno de sus detractores serios a podido abatir. Pero estas corrientes, la concepción materialista de la historia y la dialéctica materialista, a la vez que se han visto confirmadas en sus directrices cardinales, se han reafirmado en la necesidad de la consideración crítica de algunos de sus postulados básicos a la luz de la inmediata experiencia histórica. Consideración que, de no querer ver falseados los principios de dichas teorías, ha de partir y respetar esas mismas directrices.

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The present work seeks to analyze the nature of democracy within a Pachukanian legal Marxist perspective and the materialist theory of the State of Joachim Hirsch. In Pachukan's legal view law becomes understood with legal subjectivity as its atom, and Hirsch within this Pachukanian view makes a derivation of the State as a social form that conforms to the legal form. The separation between the "public" and the "private", possible only with the advent of the legal form and the state political form allow the existence of democracy. However, democracy can exist in and only in capitalism, but it must not exist, it is not an imperative. The institutional arrangements, resulting from the relations of force from the class struggle, preserve or extinguish democracy. In addition, the valorization of value when it enters into a crisis of accumulation, its tendency law of the form of fall value of the rate of profit impels objective coercions on the classes that will determine a democratic capitalism, as in the case of Fordism, or a dissociation between capitalism and democracy, as in post-Fordism. With the intermediate concepts of the theory of French regulation that integrate the materialist theory of the State of Joachim Hirsch, the relations between the regime of accumulation and the mode of regulation determined by the contradictions and social antagonisms of capitalism determine the existence or not of democracy. To think of democracy in a materialistic bias is to exclude ideological analyzes of the emancipatory potential of democracy, which is nothing but a more totalitarian form of containing the class struggle and the valorization of value. Communism and democracy are antagonistic goals.
O presente trabalho busca analisar a natureza da democracia dentro de uma perspectiva marxista jurídica pachukaniana e da teoria materialista do Estado de Joachim Hirsch. Na visão jurídica pachukaniana o direito passa a ser compreendido com a subjetividade jurídica como seu átomo, e Hirsch dentro dessa visão pachukaniana faz uma derivação do Estado como forma social que se conforma com a forma jurídica. A separação entre o “público” e o “privado”, possível somente com o advento da forma jurídica e da forma política estatal permitem a existência da democracia. Entretanto, a democracia pode existir no capitalismo e somente nele, mas não deve existir, não é um imperativo. Os arranjos institucionais, decorrentes das relações de força provenientes da luta de classes, conservam ou extinguem a democracia. Ademais, a valorização do valor quando entra em crise de acumulação, sua lei tendencial da forma valor de queda da taxa de lucro impulsiona coerções objetivas sobre as classes que determinarão um capitalismo democrático, como no caso do fordismo, ou uma dissociação entre capitalismo e democracia, como no pós-fordismo. Com os conceitos intermediários da teoria da regulação francesa que integram a teoria materialista do Estado de Joachim Hirsch, as relações entre o regime de acumulação e o modo de regulação determinados pelas contradições e antagonismos sociais do capitalismo determinam a existência ou não da democracia. Pensar a democracia em um viés materialista é excluir as análises ideológicas sobre o potencial emancipatório da democracia, que nada mais é que uma forma totalitária mais amena de conter a luta de classes e a valorização do valor. Comunismo e democracia são objetivos antagônicos.

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Esta pesquisa objetivou analisar a concretiza??o da reforma psiqui?trica em natal, partindo de um dos servi?os substitutivos que comp?e a rede psicossocial deste munic?pio. A pol?tica de sa?de mental tem passado por mudan?as paradigm?ticas, definindo como objetivo maior o processo de desistitucionaliza??o. Redirecionando sua a??o para os servi?os substitutivos e n?o, mas o hospital psiqui?trico tradicional. Nesse cen?rio os Centros de Aten??o Psicossocial (CAPS) se mostram estrat?gicos para materializa??o dos objetivos pretendidos pela reforma psiqui?trica. O estudo transcorre dentro da perspectiva materialista dial?tica. A presente pesquisa teve como l?cus de investiga??o emp?rica o primeiro Centros de Aten??o Psicossocial implantado em Natal/RN. A escolha por um servi?o extra-hospitalar vai ao encontro de uma postura defendida pelo movimento de Reforma Psiqui?trica. Considerando o CAPS um servi?o substitutivo estrat?gico em sa?de mental para a efetiva??o da Reforma Psiqui?trica, neste sentido objetivamos apreender as contradi??es que marcam o processo de concretiza??o da Reforma Psiqui?trica atrav?s da viv?ncia dos usu?rios e de suas fam?lias, no interior de uma unidade integrante do novo modelo de aten??o em sa?de mental. Partimos do pressuposto de que os usu?rios e seus familiares s?o sujeitoschave no processo de reforma psiqui?trica, por vivenciarem em seu cotidiano as mudan?as concretas realizadas, que acenam para um processo de re-inser??o social, mas tamb?m, contraditoriamente, os limites e entraves desse processo

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This project is constitutive of our professional practice as a social worker and of the formation process like mastering in the program of masters degree in Regional and Agrobusiness development. In this process we chose as the locus of this investigation the cooperative of the environmental agents from Santa Helena Friends of the Environment that the priory was seemed so common and known. We delimitaded as object the investigation the way of existing and being of the cooperative of environmental agents from Santa Helena Friends of the Environment and its imbrication at the Usine of improvement of solid waste from the borough of Santa Helena PR. Faced with the anxieties that guided the construction of the object here burst, forming from the initial contact in 2004 with the human scavengers of recycling materials from the borough of Santa Helena, We built up as the research problem: Do the innovators mechanism of theoretical and practical formulation present at the cooperative of the environmental agents from Santa Helena Friends of the Environment answer to the interests of the workers? . Watching the unhappiness of some human scavengers and the incentive of the municipal manager to the installation of the Usine and the formation of the Cooperative, allied with the postulates of capitalism, specially in its tarty phase we disbuilt and rebuilt the reality given from the research empiric. With this purpose, we define as the general aim: learn, understand and analyze the cooperative of work in the process of improvement of solid waste, in its concrete demonstration into the moviment of tardy capital in answers to the private determinations of the Capitalism in Brazil and its objectivation in the borough of Santa Helena. In base with boarding qualitative, having the case of study as the specific type of delimitation of the object and with the use of the bibliographic search, from the interview, of the documental analyze and of the observation, the search revealed the locus of this analyse. The investigated attitude allowed us to conclude that the Cooperative Friends of the Environment is treated of one cooperfradude , in which it is legitimized by the State, oblitarating the principles of the cooperativism and liberating the capital of the root of the exploration of the work power. The Cooperative mask the logical of the salaried, if acquitting the warranty of the rights socialy achieved by the workers, in whici they degraded in everyday fight throughout their survival.
Este trabalho é constitutivo do nosso exercício profissional como Assistente Social e do processo de formação como mestranda no Programa de Mestrado em Desenvolvimento Regional e Agronegócio. Neste processo, elegemos como lócus desta investigação a Cooperativa dos Agentes Ambientais de Santa Helena Amigos do Meio Ambiente que, a priori, nos parecia tão comum e conhecido. Delimitamos como objeto de análise A forma de existir e de ser da Cooperativa dos Agentes Ambientais de Santa Helena Amigos do Meio Ambiente e sua imbricação na Usina de Beneficiamento de Resíduos Sólidos do município de Santa Helena-PR. . Diante das angústias que nortearam a construção do objeto aqui deflagrado, que se formaram a partir do contato inicial em 2004 com os catadores de materiais recicláveis do município de Santa Helena-PR, construímos como problema de pesquisa: Os inovadores mecanismos de formulação teórica e prática presentes na Cooperativa dos Agentes Ambientais de Santa Helena Amigos do Meio Ambiente respondem aos interesses dos trabalhadores? . Observando o descontentamento de alguns catadores e o incentivo do gestor municipal para a instalação da Usina e a formação da Cooperativa, aliado aos postulados do capitalismo, principalmente em sua fase tardia, entendemos relevante desconstruir e reconstruir esta realidade a partir da pesquisa empírica. Com este propósito, definimos como objetivo Apreender, compreender e analisar a cooperativa de trabalho no processo de beneficiamento de resíduos sólidos, em sua manifestação concreta no movimento do capital tardio em resposta as determinações particulares do capitalismo no Brasil e sua objetivação no município de Santa Helena . Com base na abordagem qualitativa, tendo o estudo de caso como tipo específico de delimitação do objeto e com a utilização da pesquisa bibliográfica, da entrevista, da análise documental e da observação, a pesquisa desvelou o lócus desta análise. A atitude investigativa nos permitiu concluir que a Cooperativa Amigos do Meio Ambiente trata-se de uma cooperfradude , a qual é legitimada pelo Estado, suprimindo os princípios do cooperativismo e eximindo o capital da raiz da exploração da força de trabalho. A Cooperativa mascara a lógica do assalariamento, se isentando da garantia de direitos socialmente conquistados pelos trabalhadores, os quais se degradam na luta cotidiana pela sobrevivência.

This study is about voluntary productive activities in digital networks and on digital platforms that often are described as pleasur­able. The aim of the study is to relate the peer producers’ perceptions of their activities on a micro level in terms of play, game, work and labour, to their views on Wikipedia’s relation to capitalism on a macro level, to compare the identified ideological formations on both levels and how they relate to each other, and finally compare the identi­fied ideological formations with contemporary Marxist theory on cognitive capitalism. The intention is to perform a critical evaluation of the economic role of peer production in society.Qualitative and semi-structured interviews with eight Wikipedians active within the Swedish language version of Wikipedia con­stitute the empirical base of the study together with one public lecture by a Wikipedian on the encyclopaedia and a selection of pages in the encyclopaedia that are text analysed. The transcribed interviews have been analysed using a version of ideological analysis as it has been developed by the Gothenburg School. The views on the peer producing activities on the micro level has been analysed in a dialecti­cal way but is also grounded in a specific field model.Six ideological formations are identified in the empirical material. On the micro level: the peripheral, bottom-up- and top-down-formation, on the macro level: the Californian alikeness ideology, communism of capital and capitalism of communism. Communism of capital has two sides to it: one stresses the synergies and the other the conflicts between the two phenomena. The formations on the macro level conform broadly to contemporary Marxist theory, but there are important differ­ences as well. The study results in a hypothesis that the critical side of communism of capital and the peripheral and bottom-up-formation could help to further a more sustainable capitalism of communism, and counteract a deeper integra­tion of the top-down-formation with Californian alikeness ideology. The latter is the main risk of capitalist co-optation of the peer produc­tion that is underway as the manifestly dominant formations on the macro level are Californian alikeness ideology and communism of capital.

© 2015 Arwid Lund, used under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/

The core concern of my thesis is with shifting the focus from the description on how innovation is done (predominantly STS accounts of innovation in-the-making) to what designers do with conceptions of innovation. The thesis is based on ethnographic fieldwork within a group of interaction designers of Milan. Despite the different conceptions and traditions of innovation that these designers bring in – the artistic and technological ones – I observed that a design-centered conception of innovation is reproduced, as well as the idea that plans and intentions precede things. However, another key idea of my fieldwork is the importance designers give to imagining things as they might be, rather than focusing on how things are. This is where different models of action, planned and open ones coexist in creative ways: it is these processes that the ethnography details.

´Scientific revolution´, as a concept, is both ´philosophically general´ and ´historically unique´. Both dual-sense of the term alludes to the occurrence of great changes in science. The former defines the changes in science as a continual process while the latter designate them, particularly, as the ´upheaval´ which took place during the early modern period. This research aims to demonstrate how the historicists´ critique of the justification of the traditional claims of science on the basis of the scientific processes and norms of the 16th and 17th centuries, illustrates the historical/local determinacy of the science claims. It argues that their identification of the contextual and historical character of scientific processes warrants a reconsideration of our notion of the universality of science. It affirms that the universality of science has to be sought in the role of such sources like scientific instruments, practical training and the acquisition of methodological routines
"Revolución científica", como concepto, se refiere a la vez a algo «filosóficamente general» e « históricamente único". Ambos sentidos del término aluden a la ocurrencia de grandes cambios en la ciencia. El primero define los cambios en la ciencia como un proceso continuo, mientras que el último los designa, en particular, como la "transformación", que tuvo lugar durante la Edad Moderna. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo demostrar cómo la crítica de los historicistas a la justificación de las características tradicionales de la ciencia sobre la base de los procesos y normas científicos de los siglos XVI y XVII, ilustra la determinación histórica y local de los atributos de la ciencia. Se argumenta que la identificación del carácter contextual e histórico de los procesos científicos justifica una reconsideración de nuestra noción de la universalidad de la ciencia. Se afirma que la universalidad de la ciencia se ha de buscar en el papel de tales fuentes como instrumentos científicos, la formación práctica y la adquisición de rutinas metodológicas

This thesis draws on David Harvey’s concept of “accumulation by dispossession” and an international political economy (IPE) approach centred on the institutional arrangements and power structures that privilege certain actors and values, in order to critique current capitalist practices of primitive accumulation by the global corporate extractive industry. The thesis examines how accumulation by dispossession by the global extractive industry is facilitated by the “free entry” or “free mining” principle. It does so by focusing on Canada as a leader in the global extractive industry and the spread of this country’s mining laws to other countries – in other words, the transnationalisation of norms in the global extractive industry – so as to maintain a consistent and familiar operating environment for Canadian extractive companies. The transnationalisation of norms is further promoted by key international institutions such as the World Bank, which is also the world’s largest development lender and also plays a key role in shaping the regulations that govern natural resource extraction. The thesis briefly investigates some Canadian examples of resource extraction projects, in order to demonstrate the weaknesses of Canadian mining laws, particularly the lack of protection of landowners’ rights under the free entry system and the subsequent need for “free, prior and informed consent” (FPIC). The thesis also considers some of the challenges to the adoption and implementation of the right to FPIC. These challenges include embedded institutional structures like the free entry mining system, international political economy (IPE) as shaped by international institutions and powerful corporations, as well as concerns regarding ‘local’ power structures or the legitimacy of representatives of communities affected by extractive projects. The thesis concludes that in order for Canada to be truly recognized as a leader in the global extractive industry, it must establish legal norms domestically to ensure that Canadian mining companies and residents can be held accountable when there is evidence of environmental and/or human rights violations associated with the activities of Canadian mining companies abroad. The thesis also concludes that Canada needs to address underlying structural issues such as the free entry mining system and implement FPIC, in order to curb “accumulation by dispossession” by the extractive industry, both domestically and abroad.

This dissertation investigates the brand identities of the South African Broadcasting Corporation television channels SABC1, SABC2 and SABC3 during the first decade of the 2000s (from 2000 to 2009). The study explores the manifestation and dissemination of dominant political ideologies and myths by the SABC television channels and their respective brand identities. It is argued that SABC television channels are structured and organised according to specific brand ideologies that match dominant political ideologies prevalent in South Africa. This is evident from the manner in which these channels have been organised, defined and redefined over the past years, and also from the self-promotional visual imagery shown by the television channels. The visual brand identities of each channel create the elements that make up each channel’s visual vocabulary, and each visual vocabulary in turn contributes to notions of “South Africanness” and definitions of South African identity. The study also explores the main concepts of ideology theory as a critical discursive practice to assist in a better understanding of the power relations in the SABC and its channel brands in particular. Some developments and changes in the SABC brand identities and the organisation of its television channels are studied from a historical perspective and correlated with ideology theory. In order to do this, the study also draws from semiotic theory. The author notes the semiotic quality of a brand and argues that the process of branding, the process of semiosis and the process of the dissemination of political ideologies bear structural resemblance. Basic definitions and key concepts of branding and corporate identity contribute to an enhanced understanding of the visual brand identities of the SABC television channels. An exploration of the elements specific to television channel branding helps to determine the signs, codes and meanings in SABC television channel branding.
Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Visual Arts
unrestricted

In Resurrection Flowers and Indigenous Ecological Knowledge Kaden C. Milliren seeks to evaluate and analyze differences in perspectives and perceptions of the environment between Western and Indigenous worldviews and, consequentially, the different attitudes and ways-ofbeing with the world that emerge as a result. In so doing, Milliren discusses the sacredness of local landscape for Indigenous peoples and the role its spiritually-significant elements impact an entire cosmology. These important elements of sacred local ecologies are socially, materially, and symbolically rhetorical, ascribing meaning onto all elements of worldview from faith to ceremony, oratory to cultural tradition, physical sustenance to ancestral connection. In feedback and feedforward loops, these aspects of cosmology continue to ascribe meaning onto one another, affecting and being affected by each other, continually weaving together meaning and, therefore, rhetorical mattering.

Cotutelle de thèse, Institut d'études politiques de Paris, Centre d'histoire de Sciences Po Paris Pour respecter les droits d’auteur, la version électronique de cette thèse a été dépouillée de certains documents visuels et audio‐visuels. La version intégrale de la thèse a été déposée à la Division de la gestion des documents et des archives.
Cette thèse revisite certains grands thèmes associés à l’économie à travers des analyses d’œuvres d’art. Nous proposons de mettre en question l’image, très souvent relayée en histoire de l’art, d’une économie actuelle essentiellement abstraite et détachée des conditions politiques. Dans un premier temps, nous revenons sur la définition même de l’économie. Nous identifions certains principes théoriques servant de légitimation aux discours qui entretiennent l’idée d’une neutralité des objectifs économiques. Puis nous construisons un cadre théorique à la croisée de plusieurs courants de pensée en sciences humaines et sociales, afin d’inscrire la vision de l’économie dans des dimensions politiques et matérielles. Nous réalisons ensuite une analyse de trois performances de l’artiste argentine Marta Minujín. Nous suivons l’artiste quant à l’importance qu’elle accorde aux matières premières, qui deviennent ainsi notre principal moyen d’enquête et de réflexion. Afin de renouveler la vision de l’économie à travers l’analyse d’œuvres d’art, nous conjuguons des comparaisons iconographiques inédites avec une mise à jour de la compréhension des contextes historiques, reposant notamment sur la récente littérature en analyse des systèmes-monde et en économie écologique, et nous présentons des réflexions abouties sur plusieurs concepts majeurs du fonctionnement économique, tels que la monnaie, la dette, le profit et la valeur. Nous montrons ainsi la polysémie du dispositif mis en place par l’artiste, et sa capacité à révéler des dynamiques politiques, territoriales et matérielles récurrentes qui soutiennent le fonctionnement de l’économie. Nous explorons comment les œuvres renversent la hiérarchie habituelle des subordinations économiques, et comment elles en débusquent les origines et les prolongements jusqu’à ce jour. Nous voyons également comment les performances de Marta Minujín pointent et confrontent les arrangements consensuels qui garantissent l’enrichissement économique.
This thesis revisits a number of major economic themes through an in-depth analysis of three works of art. It seeks to interrogate the prevailing conception of the contemporary economy as an abstract domain detached from political concerns—a conception commonly found in art historical texts. The first chapter of this thesis reassesses the definition of the economy. I identify a set of theoretical principles that serve to legitimate the idea that economic objectives are neutral. In the second chapter, I build a theoretical framework at the crossroads of several bodies of thought in the social sciences and humanities, in view of putting forward a renewed conception of the economy, anchored in political and material considerations. I then turn to my analysis of three performances by Argentinian artist Marta Minujín. Taking a cue from the artist's approach, I use raw materials as a prism of analysis and reflection. I combine novel comparative analyses of works of art with a fresh re-examination of key moments in the history of capitalism, drawing on recent literature on world-systems analysis and ecological economics, among others. I also present extensive reflections on a number of important economic concepts, namely money, debt, profit and value. In so doing, I expose the polysemic nature of Minujín’s performances and highlight their capacity to reveal recurring political, territorial and material dynamics undergirding the economy. I explore the ways in which Minujín’s works overturn the traditional hierarchy of economic subordination all the while revealing its historical roots and present-day manifestations. Lastly, I show how Marta Minujín’s performances highlight and challenge the consensual deals and arrangements that guarantee economic profit-making.

Cette thèse de doctorat renouvelle les réflexions autour du « carcéral » afin de le repenser comme un instrument politique et social coercitif, qui saisit et emprisonne des sujets, des collectivités, des alternatives émancipatrices et des capacités imaginatives. S’appuyant sur des récits de femmes du « tiers monde » (We Lived to Tell : Azadeh Agah, Sousan Mehr, Shadi Parsi, 2007 ; Memoirs from the Women’s Prison : Nawal El Saadawi, 1984 ; Imaginary Maps : Mahasweta Devi, 1994 ; Zoo City : Lauren Beukes, 2010 ; Moxyland : Lauren Beukes, 2008), nous explorons de multiples tropes et sites d’emprisonnement, d’enfermement, de sujétion et d’immobilisation, qui renforcent les logiques carcérales et qui entravent l’agence collective. Nous présentons une critique genrée des mécanismes locaux et mondiaux, micropolitiques et macropolitiques de la violence contre les sujets captifs et les communautés précaires. Ce dispositif de déconstruction se base sur une analyse multidisciplinaire des arrangements carcéraux, qui incluent des institutions punitives, des États-nations hétéronormatifs, des discours patriarcaux, le trafic sexuel, la servitude pour dettes, le capitalisme, la surveillance numérique, la privation économique et la déshumanisation politique. Ce travail de recherche invite également à une relecture de récits carcéraux qui permettent la réinvention des vocabulaires, des pratiques et de l’éthique de résistance, ainsi que l’émergence de projets collectifs de libération qui transgressent les confins politiques, sociaux, discursifs et épistémologiques de l’agenda néolibéral. À travers ses différents cadres théoriques, notre lecture s’engage dans un dialogue critique entre les études littéraires, féministes, postcoloniales et matérialistes, afin d’élucider de nouvelles façons de penser la carcéralité, la liberté et la résistance.
This dissertation seeks to produce new understandings of the “carceral” as a mode of subject formation and social production that captures and contains subjects, collectivities, emancipatory alternatives, and imaginative capacities. Drawing on “Third-World” women’s narratives (We Lived to Tell : Azadeh Agah, Sousan Mehr, Shadi Parsi, 2007 ; Memoirs from the Women’s Prison : Nawal El Saadawi, 1984 ; Imaginary Maps : Mahasweta Devi, 1994 ; Zoo City : Lauren Beukes, 2010 ; Moxyland : Lauren Beukes, 2008), this dissertation investigates multiple tropes and sites of imprisonment, enclosure, subjection, and immobilization that reinforce carceral logics and impede collective agency. Through a multidisciplinary examination of carceral arrangements that include punitive institutions, heteronormative nation states, patriarchal discourses, sexual trafficking, debt bondage, global capital, political dehumanization, digital surveillance, and corporate violence, this dissertation offers a gendered critique of the local and global, micropolitical and macropolitical mechanisms of violence against captive subjects and precarious communities. The dissertation also invites a rereading of carceral narratives that enable the reinvention of vocabularies, ethics, and practices of resistance and the emergence of collective liberatory projects that transgress the political, social, discursive, and epistemological confines of the neoliberal agenda. Through its different theoretical frameworks, this dissertation engages in a critical dialogue between literary, feminist, postcolonial, and materialist studies in order to elucidate new ways of thinking about carcerality, freedom, and resistance.

This research is concerned with the notion of being human. It acknowledges the dislocation of black people through themselves, a process which was exacerbated during, the colonial era and further through apartheid. The interest in this research is due to the historical dehumanisation of black people through dispossession and subjection to foreign rule and culture, by white people. The historical accounts of dehumanisation and disparity, through either pigmentation, poverty or an inferiority complex, led to black people viewing their humanity in terms of materialism and individualism in the present context. This research explores how materialism and individualism have affected black people's understanding of themselves and self-determinism. It is argued in the United States through Black Theology, the notion of the Black Church in the South African context and through Black Consciousness that the humanity of black people is affirmed historically and to date.
Philosophy & Systematic Theology
M.Th. (Systematic Theology)

I argue in my dissertation that the Marxist ethical claim against capitalism could be bolstered through: 1) a recognition of the inaccurate human ontology that capitalist theories of entitlement presuppose, 2) a reconceptualization and replacement of that old paradigm of human ontology with a concept that I call “organicism” and 3) a normative argument for why this new paradigm of human ontology necessitates a new political economy and a new way of structuring society. I use the debate between Robert Nozick and G.A. Cohen as a launching point for my case.

In his book, Self-Ownership, Freedom, and Equality, G.A. Cohen argues that Robert Nozick’s “entitlement theory” is unable to produce the robust sense of freedom that libertarians and capitalist proponents aggrandize. According to Cohen, the reason for this is due to the limitations and consistency errors produced by the libertarian adherence to the “self-ownership principle.” (the moral/natural right that a person is the sole proprietor of their own body and life). Namely, that the pale freedom that the proletariat enjoys within capitalism is inconsistent with the Libertarian’s own standard for freedom. So, Cohen argues for the elimination of the self-ownership principle. My project picks up where Cohen’s leaves off, claiming that the consistency errors don’t lie in entitlement theory’s use of the self-ownership principle (it is important that we don’t throw out the baby with the bathwater). Rather, the errors lie in the principle’s metaphysics - specifically in the ontology of the human being. The self-ownership principle is only faulty because it presupposes an impossible self. I show that entitlement theory heedlessly presupposes the self (or a human ontology) as a “rational, autonomous, individual.” I then deconstruct each of these three features (rationality, autonomy, and individuality) to show that this picture of the human being is not necessarily incorrect, but it is incomplete.

Although we are indeed rational, autonomous, individual creatures, these are only emergent characteristics that merely arise after the organic and socially interconnected aspects of our selves are nurtured. I encompass these latter features of our selves under the heading: “organicism”. So, my contribution is to provide a different ontological foundation of the human being – “organicism” – to replace the Enlightenment grown: “rational, autonomous, individual”. I draw heavily from Karl Marx’s philosophical anthropology, and G.W.F. Hegel’s theory of the unfolding of Geist/Spirit, with a little inspiration from Aristotle and ecological theory to construct “organicism” – a pancorporealist, naturalistic materialism. It is the theory that the human being is, in essence, an organic creature, inseparable from nature, but through the nurturing of these material, organic, symbiotic relationships (with other humans and with the ecosystem) that these “super”-natural capacities of rationality and autonomy arise along with and because of a full self-consciousness.

Finally, I infer the normative implications of this ontology of subjectivity. This organicist conception of the self has transformational effects on our notions of property and the way we structure society. So, I contend that organicist ontology then serves as the foundation for a normative theory of political economy that sees the flourishing or health (broadly speaking) of the organicist human as the primary ethical goal. I speculate on an alternative political economy that can provide the robust sense of freedom that Nozick’s entitlement theory (capitalism) was lacking because it actually produces the conditions necessary for rationality, autonomy and individual freedom.

This study examines intricately related questions of consciousness and learning, textually-mediated social coordination, and human relationships within nature, anchored in the everyday life practices and concerns of a remote First Nation community in the Treaty 9 region. Through the use of Institutional Ethnography, community-based research and narrative methods, the research traces how the ruling relations of land use planning unfold within the contemporary period of neoliberal development in Northern Ontario. People’s everyday experiences and access to land in the Mushkego Inninowuk (Swampy Cree) community of Fort Albany for example, are shaped in ways that become oriented to provincial ruling relations, while people also reorient these relations on their own terms through the activities of a community research project and through historically advanced Indigenous ways of being. The study examines the coordinating effects of provincially-driven land use planning on communities and territories in Treaty 9, as people in local sites are coordinated to others elsewhere in a complex process that serves to produce the legislative process called Bill 191 or the Far North Act. Examining texts, ideology and dialectical historical materialist relations, the study is an involved inquiry into the text process itself and how it comes to be put together. The textually mediated and institutional forms of organizing social relations—effectively land relations—unfold with the involvement of people from specific sites and social locations whose work is coordinated, as it centres on environmental protection and development in the region north of the 51st parallel. A critique of the textually mediated institutional process provides a rich site for exploring learning within the context of neoliberal capitalist relations and serves to illuminate ways in which people can better act to change the problematic relations that haunt settler-Indigenous history in the contemporary period. The work asks all people involved in the North how we can work to address historic injustices rooted in the relations and practices of accumulation and dispossession. The voices and modes of governance of Aboriginal people, obfuscated within the processes and relations of provincial planning, must be afforded the space and recognition to flourish on their own terms.