Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Capteur à courants de Foucault'
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Vasseur, Pascal. "Etude de faisabilite d'un capteur intelligent de deplacement a courants de foucault." Reims, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991REIM5014.
Full textJacob, Dominique R. "Principe de la mesure simultanée de distance et d'épaisseur de dépôts métalliques par capteur à courants de Foucault : conception et réalisation d'un dispositif." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112148.
Full textThis thesis presents the design of a system, using an eddy current sensor, for measuring the thickness of metallic deposits on metallic sheets. The sensor, allows the thickness measurement without an accurate position of sensor and the sheet. A model which take account of the distribution of the flux in the space and of the physical properties (resistivity, permeability) of the materials has been developed. This model has been experimentally validated. It allows to take account of the temperature and to calculate the dimensions of the sensor. An application concerning the thickness measurement of zinc deposit on a steel sheet is exposed. The informations of the sensor are digitalised and processed by a microcomputer for calculating simultaneously the distance, between the sensor and the covered sheet, and the thickness of the deposit
Attaoui, Pascale. "Analyse d'images obtenues par balayage de surface avec un capteur ponctuel courants de Foucault." Gif-sur-Yvette : Commissariat à l'énergie atomique, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35748414t.
Full textZitouni, Adel Nuzillard Danielle. "Modélisation et conception d'un capteur à courants de Foucault intelligent pour l'identification de canalisations enterrées." Reims : S.C.D. de l'Université, 2006. http://scdurca.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000353.pdf.
Full textZitouni, Adel. "Modélisation et conception d'un capteur à courants de Foucault intelligent pour l'identification de canalisations enterrées." Reims, 2006. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000353.pdf.
Full textIn this thesis, we present the modeling of an eddy current sensor based on the induction balance principle. The objective of this detector is the localization and the identification of buried pipes without excavation. We have defines a tag for each pipe type, and the recognition of the tag involves the identification of the pipe. We call tag a succession of conductive elements, the length and spaces between these elements vary from a tag to another. Our detector includes an emitting coil which generates an electromagnetic field, and receiving coils collect the reflected field created by the eddy current in the conductive elements of the tag. A measurement of dephasing by lock-in detection allows obtaining a signal representative of the tag elements. This measurement is then conditioned thanks to a stage of filtering and denoising per Blind Source Separation (BSS) in order to eliminate the presence of an eventual conductive object in the neighbourhoods. The data analysis allows the calculation of the pertinent parameters to carry out classification. We added a new coding system compatible and complementary to the old one, as well as classifiers ensuring his identification such as: the transformation distance, DTW (Dynamic Time Warping) and the structural recognition. We added three classifiers for the first coding system, based on K near neighbourhood, the Mahalanobis distance and the Radial Basis Function (RBF) to reinforce the recognition system. A combination of the various classifiers results by a method of data fusion makes it possible to obtain a good reliability of the system. In the last part, we present the many development prospects whose principal one rests on the use of magnetic targets like tag elements
Buvat, Fabrice. "Modélisation de la réponse d'un capteur à courants de Foucault comportant un noyau ferromagnétique en régime harmonique /." [Gif-sur-Yvette] : [CEA Saclay, Direction des systèmes d'information], 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39962624j.
Full textBuvat, Fabrice. "Modélisation de la réponse d'un capteur à courants de Foucault comportant un noyau ferromagnétique en régime harmonique." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112207.
Full textIn aeronautics, non destructive evaluation by eddy-currents is commonly used to detect corrosion area or cracks in structures. Eddy-current testing by using ferrite-cored probes is effective to detect these kinds of defects. So, having a model able to predict these probes responses is a major endeavor. Our work consisted in developping a model determining the ferrite-cored probes response to a defect. To model fields inside both the core and the defect, an integral formulation has been used resulting from the application of the green's theorem onto the equations of propagation. Simulation results have been compared to synthetic data obtained by a finite-element method and they have been validated by comparison with measured impedance data. However as this model may be computationally costly, the use of the so-called non-linear approximation has been tested to tackle the case of long defects. The model has been integrated inside the civa platform developped by the cea
Monteil, François. "Étude d'une structure multicapteur à courants de Foucault : utilisation en capteur proximétrique pour un système de suivi de profil." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112315.
Full textCung, Thành Long. "Évaluation non-destructive quantitative de structures aéronautiques par la méthode des courants de Foucault." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00749648.
Full textZaoui, Abdelhalim. "Contribution à la modélisation du CND par matrice de capteurs à courants de Foucault." Nantes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NANT2073.
Full textThe non destructive eddy current testing is widely used in inspection of conductive materials. The use of arrayed sensors assures the control of wide surfaces and reduces the measurement noise due to the sensor displacement. On the other hand, the miniaturisation of sensors gives a best spatial resolution. In the case of sampled functioning, the modelling techniques are the same as those used for a single sensor. However, the simultaneous functioning of the sensors, while reducing the time response, requires the implementation of new modelling techniques. In this thesis, the models of single sensor system are exploited in the aim to be generalized for the case of arrayed configuration. The principle of superposition is applied to the results obtained for a single sensor system using the 2D finite element method. The 3D distribution of the electromagnetic source field is then rapidly reconstituted. A perturbation method is used in order to calculate the reaction field. This technique, when reducing the 3D computation domain to the region neighbouring the defect, brings a gain in time computing and space memory. With the aim of getting a fast direct model adapted to the iterative inversion, the ideal crack model based on the dyadic Green’s functions is generalized to the case of arrayed sensors. Finally, an inversion method using genetic algorithms is applied to reconstitute the defect geometry. The proposed models are then validated via 3D finite element computation and experimental measurements
Monteil, François. "Etude d'une structure multicapteur à courants de Foucault utilisation en capteur proximétrique pour un système de suivi de profil /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376109947.
Full textBrie, David. "Méthodes statistiques de détection de rupture de modèle : application au traitement du signal issu d'un capteur a courants de Foucault." Nancy 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NAN10021.
Full textLecler, Alain. "Etude et réalisation d'un capteur intelligent de proximité à courants de Foucault utilisant des spirales gravées sur circuit imprimé application industrielle /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37607171v.
Full textLECLER, ALAIN. "Etude et realisation d'un capteur intelligent de proximite a courants de foucault utilisant des spirales gravees sur circuit imprime : application industrielle." Reims, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987REIMS012.
Full textMadaoui, Nadia. "Conception et modélisation d'un dispositif expérimental pour la reconstruction tomographique d'images 3D par courants de Foucault." Paris 11, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA112192.
Full textVacher, François. "Développement d'un imageur magnétique pour le contrôle non destructif par courants de Foucault." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007DENS0010.
Full textThe main work of this thesis consists in using the qualifies of new magnetic sensors for eddy current testing. Eddy current models have been used to design and to optimize these eddy current probes based on these new magnetic sensors. Two probes have been realized during this thesis. In the first probe, the small size of magnetoresistive sensors is used to design a high spatial resolution probe. This probe is made of 22 sensors. Each sensor is 100µm long. This new probe shows greater performances than classical probes: surface breaking flaws of 50x50x50µm³ have been detected with a high signal to noise ratio. In the second probe, the high sensitivity of magnetoinductive sensors is used to detect deep cracks with a ligament of 8mm. This probe is one of the first applications of magnetoinductive sensors to eddy current testing. Signal analysis techniques have been used to enhance the signal to noise ratio obtained with this probe. The features of these two eddy current probes show that new magnetic sensors may enhance the performances of classical eddy current probes. The results obtained with these new magnetic sensors in this thesis show that new applications for eddy current testing can be considered
Clauzon, Thierry. "Caractérisation des défauts profonds par courants de Foucault pulsés dans les matériaux amagnétiques." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ECDL0002.
Full textNaudet, Yannick. "Application de la séparation de sources au traitement de la réponse d'un capteur à courants de Foucault : étude et compensation de pertubations liées à la température." Reims, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REIMS007.
Full textZorni, Chiara. "Contrôle non destructif par courants de Foucault de milieux ferromagnétiques : De l'expérience au modèle d'interaction." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00681790.
Full textJacob, Dominique. "Principe de la mesure simultanée de distance et d'épaisseur de dépôts métalliques par capteur à courants de Foucault conception et réalisation d'un dispositif /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37614418q.
Full textBitsindou, Pierre. "Contribution a l'etude et l'exploration de capteurs a courants de foucault utilisant des bobines plates pour la realisation d'un dispositif de detection selective et de positionnement en regard d'ecrous." Reims, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989REIMS002.
Full textZorni, Chiara. "Contrôle non destructif par courants de Foucault de milieux ferromagnétiques : de l’expérience au modèle d’interaction." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112031/document.
Full textThe aim of this work is the eddy-current testing (ECT) of ferromagnetic materials within magnetic sensors, such as Giant Magneto-Resistances (GMR). Two complementary aspects have been studied. Experimental measurements have been carried out in order to quantify and minimize the noise coming from the materials structure and residual magnetization. On the other hand, a model has been developed in order to be able to simulate the electromagnetic interactions between a ferromagnetic specimen and the EC probe. The GMR sensors are characterized by high sensitivity at low frequency, large dynamic range and are relatively easy to implement. The studies carried out during this thesis allowed us to identify and analyse the “ghost signals” due to magnetic materials. In order to minimize the noise coming from the materials structure, a linear multi-frequencies combination of experimental signals has been employed successfully and the detection of buried flaws has been improved. The residual magnetization in ferromagnetic materials has been experimentally analyzed and an electronic system has been realized to fix the polarisation point of the sensor in the linear response zone of the GMR. Thus, disturbances caused by residual magnetization are successfully reduced. Beside, in order to develop simulation tools aiming at improving the understanding of experimental signals and optimizing the performances of ECT procedures, a model has been developed to simulate the ECT of planar, stratified and ferromagnetic materials affected with multiple flaws. CEA developed for many years semi-analytical models embedded into the simulation platform CIVA dedicated to non-destructive testing. Following a previous work carried out at the laboratory and already integrated in the simulation platform CIVA, developed at CEA-LIST, the new model extends CIVA functionalities to the ferromagnetic planar case. Simulation results are obtained through the application of the Volume Integral Method (VIM) which involves the dyadic Green’s functions. Two coupled integral equations have to be solved and the numerical resolution of the system is carried out using the classical Galerkin variant of the Method of Moments (MoM). Finally, the probe response is calculated by application of the Lorentz reciprocity theorem. A collaboration with the University of Cassino (Italy) and Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Paris (France) allowed us to compare the three models on experimental and numerical results from literature. Results showed a good agreement between the three models and the model stability has been analyzed
Liébeaux, Nicolas. "Contribution à la modélisation de capteurs electromagnétiques : Application au contrôle non destructif par courants de Foucault." Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA112271.
Full textThis PhD thesis is devoted to the modelling of sensor/target electromagnetic interactions in the context of Eddy Currents Non Destructive Testing (NDT). The problem of these phenomena modelling arises in a systematic way. Among the various tools to solve it, numerical modelling, like Finite Elements techniques (FE), is certainly wide spread. But FE softwares are not very easy to use: the geometry description is long and harsh, the solution is time-consuming. The purpose of this manuscript is thug to present an original and generic modeling method, the distributed point sources method (DPSM). It is based on a spatial distribution of point sources located on sensor active surfaces, transmitting surfaces of magnetic flux. The first chapter reviews the various tools of modelling available, when ones wishes to study a particular geometry within the NDT area. The second chapter states the theoretical bases of the DPSM method, by studying only the case of sensors placed in free space. The third chapter details configurations more adapted to the NDT: a "U-shaped" sensor is placed in front of a perfect plane magnetic target, then a perfect conducting one, and finally an unspecified one. The fourth and final chapter presents experimental results, in order to confront the DPSM with some practical cases
Meganck, Philippe. "Étude de certains dispositifs de localisation de véhicules guidés fonctionnant par couplage électromagnétique : contribution à la démonstration de leur sécurité en fonction de leur environnement." Lille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LIL10187.
Full textHaritopoulos, Michel. "Mesure de position d'une cible a temperature variable par capteur a courants de foucault etude thermique et debruitage par separation de sources classique et bayesienne." Reims, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REIMS017.
Full textOukhellou, Latifa. "Paramétrisation et classification de signaux en contrôle non destructif. Application à la reconnaissance des défauts de rails par courants de Foucault." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006600.
Full textDufour, Dabadie Isabelle. "Contribution à l'évolution des procédés de contrôle non destructif par capteurs inductifs : application au cas des matériaux composites carbone." Paris 11, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA112123.
Full textThomas, Vincent. "Système multi-capteurs et traitement des signaux associé pour l'imagerie par courants de Foucault de pièces aéronautiques." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00561478.
Full textMansir, Hassan. "Contrôle non destructif : Modélisation des phénomènes électromagnétiques, caractérisation des défauts et optimisation des capteurs." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ECDL0014.
Full textZaidi, Houda. "Méthodologies pour la modélisation des couches fines et du déplacement en contrôle non destructif par courants de Foucault : application aux capteurs souples." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00776931.
Full textTrillon, Adrien. "Reconstruction de défauts à partir de données issues de capteurs à courants de Foucault avec modèle direct différentiel." Phd thesis, Ecole centrale de nantes - ECN, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00700739.
Full textTrillon, Adrien. "Reconstrution de défauts à partir de données issues de capteurs à courants de Foucault avec modèle direct différentiel." Ecole Centrale de Nantes, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ECDN0026.
Full textEddy current tomography can be employed to caracterize flaws in metal plates in steam generators of nuclear power plants. Our goal is to evaluate a map of the relative conductivity that represents the flaw. This nonlinear ill-posed problem is difficult to solve and a forward model is needed. First, we studied existing forward models to chose the one that is the most adapted to our case. Finite difference and finite element methods matched very good to our application. We adapted contrast source inversion (CSI) type methods to the chosen model and a new criterion was proposed. These methods are based on the minimization of the weighted errors of the model equations, coupling and observation. They allow an error on the equations. It appeared that reconstruction quality grows with the decay of the error on the coupling equation. We resorted to augmented Lagrangian techniques to constrain coupling equation and to avoid conditioning problems. In order to overcome the ill-posed character of the problem, prior information was introduced about the shape of the flaw and the values of the relative conductivity
Thollon, Frédéric. "Conception et optimisation de capteurs à courants de Foucault pour la détection de défauts profonds dans des matériaux amagnétiques." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 1995. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00140036.
Full textBettaieb, Laroussi. "Contributions à l'étude du contrôle non destructif des matériaux amagnétiques par courants de Foucault à l'aide de capteurs magnétiques." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066351.
Full textGOMEZ, RODRIGUEZ JAVIER. "Contribution a la conception et realisation d'un microsysteme a capteurs inductifs a courants de foucault : application a l'inspection de tuyauteries." Toulouse 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU30177.
Full textBensetti, Mohamed. "Etude et modélisation de capteurs destinés au contrôle non destructif par courants de Foucault : mise en oeuvre de méthodes d'inversion." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112291.
Full textThis thesis work approaches the problematic related ones to the non destructif testing (ndt) by eddy current, it's divided into three great parts. The first parts is consecrated to implement of the inverse model for the estimate of the physical and geometrical paramters of the tested spicemen. For this fact, we were interested in the inverse models based by neural networks. In this context two application were studied. The micro-coil are dedicated for different applications : radio frequency (rf), nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr), non destructive testing (ndt). . . Depending on the applications, these micro-coils can be used in high frequency. Acctually, the response of the micro-coil at high frequency is significanly different from their low frequency response because of the skin and proximity effects have an influence on the electrical parameters of the micro-coils. The resistance and the inductance of the winding depend on the frequency. The parasitic capacitance of the winding cannot neglected. In the second part of this work, an original method combining by 3d magnetodynamic alalysis and electrostatic analysis is presented to determine the elements of an electric equivalent circuit. The last aspect studied was devoted to developpement of an hybrid approch associating the finite element method (fem) and the boundary integral method (bim) to calculate the response of the coil in the presence of the cracks. Two types of validations were carried out in this work, a comparison of the results obtained by fem with results provided by the cea ( software civa) and a validation of the hybrid method by measurement results
Delabre, Benjamin. "Développement de capteurs flexibles à courants de Foucault : applications à la caractérisation des propriétés électromagnétiques des matériaux et à la détection de défauts par imagerie statique." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS415/document.
Full textThe work of this thesis focuses on the development and the optimization of probes for non-destructive testing (NDT) by Eddy Currents (EC). The manuscript presents several achievements of flexible EC probes engraved on Kapton film. The first part describes the evaluation of the electromagnetic parameters (electrical conductivity σ and magnetic permeability µ) of materials typically encountered in NDT by EC. Conventional methods to estimate σ and μ have been investigated and implemented: it is the four-point probe and the permeameter. However, these methods present practical difficulties relating to the surface condition (paint, corrosion,…) and the sample geometry. Two probes have therefore been designed: the first is composed of a transmitting and a receiving coil in order to evaluate the conductivity of purely conductive materials, and the second is composed of a transmitter coil and a GMR for evaluate the magnetic permeability. Design patterns and experimental results are presented in the manuscript. The second part describes the development of a flexible static EC imager. The imager is a multielement probe composed of 576 receivers arranged in a matrix allowing to inspect the surface of a structure under test without moving the probe relative to the sample surface. The inspection by the static imager provides a pixelated image of the surface under the probe. The imager has been optimized to detect a surface defect of at least 1 mm long of given orientation regardless of its location relative to the receiver coils. The design of the probe and its experimental evaluation are given in the manuscript
JOUBERT, PIERRE HENRI. "Contribution a la realisation d'un capteur multi-elements et l'etude de methodes de pretraitement pour l'analyse des srinau associes : application au controle de tubes de generateurs de vapeur par courants de foucault." Paris 11, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA112416.
Full textBillaudel, Patrice. "Les capteurs plats a courants de foucault utilises pour la mise en evidence de micro-mouvements rythmiques. Application a la mobilite cranio-sacree." Reims, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990REIMS003.
Full textMiller, Dominique. "Contribution à l'étude et à la réalisation d'une sonde multi-éléments à courants de Foucault et de l'instrumentation associée, destinée à la détection et la reconstruction tomographique de défauts dans les tubes de générateurs de vapeur." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998DENS0039.
Full textFENNIRI, HASSAN. "Architecture d'un systeme d'analyse de pieces metalliques a l'aide de capteurs plats a courants de foucault. Application a la restauration de profils et a la detection et a la localisation de rivets et d'ecrous." Reims, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993REIMS023.
Full textZORGATI, RIADM. "Imagerie par courants de foucault. Application au controle non destructif." Paris 7, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA077233.
Full textWeber, Patrick. "Application des courants de Foucault pulses au contrôle non destructif." Lyon, INSA, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ISAL0047.
Full text[This contribution describes a pulsed eddy current test equipment developed for defect detection in metallic materials and especially in austenitic steels. Two simplified models are used to describe the electromagnetic phenomena during control The exciting and receiving circuits,- as well as the probe coil arrangements, optimized to increase the depth detection limit or the transverse resolution power, are presented. Signal processing and analysis methods, adapted to pulsed eddy currents have been developed to detect the defect and characterize its depth. Applications to thickness measurements and defect detection are also outlined. ]
Sakellaris, Ioannis. "Modélisation des régions minces en présence de courants de Foucault." Grenoble INPG, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPG0046.
Full textReal, Vianney. "Un problème de transmission électromagnétique : l'expérience des courants de Foucault." Thesis, Amiens, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AMIE0021/document.
Full textThis thesis is about Non Destructive Testing by eddy currents. The goal is to develop new methods to compute the impedance variation of emitting coil placed over a conductive plate, possibly containing cracks. Standard methods require volume finite element meshes. This usually implies a computation cost and data storage high. In this thesis, we consider a solution to the problem by choosing to see is as a transmission problem on the interface between the conducting plate and the air containing the coil. When the conductor has no crack, we develop an approximate method to compute the impedance variation of a coil placed on the conductive plate. Applying this method only requires inverting sparse linear systems, this reduces the computation cost and the data storage requirements. If the plate containing a crack, the crack modeled as fictive current charge. After formulating the problem this way, the difficult part is to compute the fictive charge. We offer a method to compute it when the conducting plate has a high conductivity. It is based on asymptotic developments for high wave numbers
Bourkeb, Menad. "Capteur de courants innovant pour des systèmes polyphasés : application aux câbles multiconducteurs." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10053/document.
Full textThis thesis presents the study and realization of an innovative currents sensor prototype for multi-Core cables. The two main advantages of this sensor compared to existing devices on the electrical equipment market are: firstly, it is no longer necessary to interrupt the system's electrical power supply to install the sensor. This is due to contactless measure (non-Intrusive sensor). Another feature of our device is its capability to measure the currents in a multi-Core system with unknown positions of conductors. This currents sensor operates in a way to find firstly the conductor positions, and then reconstructing the currents using the retrieved positions. In order to meet specifications, simulation results, test bench measurements and experimental results are presented with a ferromagnetic shielding
Jiang, Zixian. "Contrôle non destructif via des sondes courants de Foucault : nouvelles approches." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2014. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00943613.
Full textGAUTHIER, BECHONNET SEVERINE. "Resolution et mise en oeuvre d'un modele tridimensionnel des courants de foucault." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998CLF22038.
Full textAhmed, Shamim. "Développement d’une méthodologie robuste d’inversion dédiée au CND par courants de Foucault." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS043/document.
Full textThe research activity of the PhD thesis focuses on the study and development of innovative strategies for the solution of inverse problems arising in the field of Non-Destructive Testing and Evaluation (NDT-NDE), based on the use of statistical learning theory. Generally speaking, the objective of the optimization stage is the retrieval of the unknown parameters within the studied electromagnetic scenario. In the case of NDT-NDE, the optimization problem, in terms of parameters to estimate, is divided into three stages, namely detection, localization and characterization. This work mainly addresses localization and characterization of crack(s) and/or estimation of probe(s) parameters. Unknown parameters, constituting a subset of the parameters set describing the electromagnetic scenario, are robustly estimated using several approaches. Standard optimization approaches are based on the minimization, by means of iterative approaches like stochastic and/or deterministic algorithms, of a cost function describing the discrepancy between measurements and prediction. This thesis considers the estimation problem in a machine learning perspective, adopting well known Learning-By-Example (LBE) paradigm. In a so-called offline phase, a surrogate inverse model is first fitted on a set of known input/output couples, generated through numerical simulations. Then, in a so-called online phase, the model predicts unknown outputs (the parameters of interest) based on new inputs (measured NDT signals) in quasi-real time. When considering practical inspection situations, due to the large number of variables involved (known as curse of dimensionality), obtaining an accurate and robust model is not a trivial task. This thesis carries out a deep and systematic study of different strategies and solutions to achieve simultaneously good accuracy and computational time efficiency in the parameters estimation. Moreover, a particular emphasis is put on the different approaches adopted for mitigating the curse of dimensionality issue. The proposed LBE schema has been tested with success on a wide set of practical problems, using both synthetic noisy data and experimental measurements
Le, Diraison Yohan. "Imagerie à courants de Foucault pour l'évaluation non-destructive de structures rivetées aéronautiques." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00421940.
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