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Nowlan, Daniel Sean. "Estimation and optimisation of the performance of the race car." Thesis, Faculty of Engineering, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1755.
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Thesis (M.E. (Res.))--Dept. of Aeronautical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Sydney, 1999.Title from title screen (viewed on February 3, 2009) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Engineering (Research) to the Dept. of Aeronautical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering. Includes bibliographical references. Also issued in print.
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Pardo, Barcelo Jose Daniel. "Optimisation of racing car suspensions featuring inerters." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2012. http://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/dfff1337-fffe-44ed-6359-1fab1f3e6650/1.
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Racing car suspensions are a critical system in the overall performance of the vehicle. They must be able to accurately control ride dynamics as well as influencing the handling characteristics of the vehicle and providing stability under the action of external forces. This work is a research study on the design and optimisation of high performance vehicle suspensions using inerters. The starting point is a theoretical investigation of the dynamics of a system fitted with an ideal inerter. This sets the foundation for developing a more complex and novel vehicle suspension model incorporating real inerters. The accuracy and predictability of this model has been assessed and validated against experimental data from 4- post rig testing. In order to maximise overall vehicle performance, a race car suspension must meet a large number of conflicting objectives. Hence, suspension design and optimisation is a complex task where a compromised solution among a set of objectives needs to be adopted. The first task in this process is to define a set of performance based objective functions. The approach taken was to relate the ride dynamic behaviour of the suspension to the overall performance of the race car. The second task of the optimisation process is to develop an efficient and robust optimisation methodology. To address this, a multi-stage optimisation algorithm has been developed. The algorithm is based on two stages, a hybrid surrogate model based multiobjective evolutionary algorithm to obtain a set of non-dominated optimal suspension solutions and a transient lap-time simulation tool to incorporate external factors to the decision process and provide a final optimal solution. A transient lap-time simulation tool has been developed. The minimum time manoeuvring problem has been defined as an Optimal Control problem. A novel solution method based on a multi-level algorithm and a closed-loop driver steering control has been proposed to find the optimal lap time. The results obtained suggest that performance gains can be obtained by incorporating inerters into the suspension system. The work suggests that the use of inerters provides the car with an optimised aerodynamic platform and the overall stability of the vehicle is improved.
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Siegler, Blake. "Lap time simulation for racing car design." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2002. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/1767/.
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Racing teams use numerous computational tools (CAD, FEA, CFD) to aid in the design of racing cars and the development of their performance. Computer simulation of racing car handling through Lap Time Simulation (LTS) packages complements these tools. It also allows teams to examine the effect of different vehicle parameter setups to optimise vehicle performance. In similarity with the automotive industry, time is limited and rapid development of new ideas and technology is essential. Thus, the use of a more sophisticated computer simulation would allow a team to gain a significant advantage over their competitors. As LTS are computationally intensive,previous packages have simulateda full lap using a quasi-static method which splits the path of the vehicle into segments. An analysis is then made of the vehicle at each segment point using the external forces acting on the vehicle. Due to the constant acceleration(i.e. steady state) assumption across each segment, this method does not take into account the effect of roll, pitch and yaw inertia as well as damping and tyre lag effects. Another aspect that is not accounted for is the variation in the fastest effective vehicle path along the circuit (i.e.racing line) due to change in driver control inputs or vehicle parameters. The overall aim of this thesis is to develop a transient LTS methodology, which adopts a strategy to vary the racing line taken in order to address the problems found with the existing quasi-static LTS packages. In parallel an investigation of the accuracy of vehicle models in relationship to racing car performance has been developed. The thesis begins with a study of racing car modelling techniques and a review of current LTS packages. A description is then given of the collection of vehicle handlingd ataf rom an actualr acingc ar (alongw ith attaining a vehicle parametesr et) and the measured results displayed and discussed. The creation of two vehicle models, a simple and sophisticated version, is detailed and the measured results are compared to the simulated results of each vehicle model. It was found that the simple vehicle model does not fully represent the actual vehicle's lateral dynamic behaviour, although its steady state response was deemed to be accurate. The sophisticated vehicle model was seen to not only accurately predict the full range of lateral dynamic behaviour of the actual vehicle, but also the actual vehicle's longitudinal and combined lateral and longitudinal dynamic behaviour. To further investigate LTS techniques, a comparison study was made between various simulation approaches which indicated that the transient approach, although more complicated and time consuming, allows for more accurate tuning of a greater number of vehicle parameters. Finally, the creation of two simulation packages has been detailed and case studies are presented to provide further insight into the look and feel of the packages. The first package is a quasi-static approach based LTS package, where a case study is made into the sensitivity of overall lap time to a range of vehicle parameters. The second is a transient approach based simulation package which optimises the driver controls,varying the racing line taken by the vehicle and ensuring the manoeuvre is completed in the quickest time for that vehicle parameter set. This final Manoeuvre Time Minimisation package fulfils the overall aim of the thesis and a case study is made into the effect of front damping value on manoeuvre completion time.
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Nowlan, Daniel Sean. "The estimation and optimisation of the performance of the race car." Connect to full text, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1755.
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Thesis (M.E. (Res.))--Dept. of Aeronautical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Sydney, 1999.Title from title screen (viewed on February 3, 2009) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Engineering (Research) to the Dept. of Aeronautical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering. Includes bibliographical references. Also issued in print.
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Kords, Donald N. "A study of design parameters of a road racing endurance car /." Online version of thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10665.
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Běhal, Lukáš. "An Autonomous Driver of a TORCS Racing Car." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-236619.
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Tato práce popisuje simulátor TORCS a optimalizační algoritmy, jenž jsou využívány při tvorbě autonomních řidičů pro tento simulátor. Hlavním cílem je navržení nového autonomního řidiče, který se bude schopen s použitím přírodou inspirovaných optimalizačních technik vyrovnat již dříve navrženým řešením. Chování implementovaného řešení lze rozdělit do dvou hlavních částí, které jsou využívány v různých rozdílných etapách závodu. Zahřívací kolo je využito pro vytvoření modelu trati, ze kterého je posléze získána optimální trajektorie pomocí genetického algoritmu. Této trajektorie je potom využíváno v samotné kvalifikaci či závodě pro zajetí co nejrychlejšího kola. Z důvodu složitosti problému optimalizace celé trajektorie je nutno tuto trajektorii rozdělit na menší úseky nazývané segmenty, přičemž každý z nich je potom optimalizován odděleně. Jednotlivé optimalizované segmenty jsou následně spojeny dohromady, aby opět utvořily trajektorii pro celou trať. Protože některé přechody mezi segmenty mohou být nesouvislé, je zde znovu aplikován genetický algoritmus pro jejich vyhlazení. Během závodu je tato trajektorie následována, přičemž se z ní odvíjí i maximální možná rychlost v daném úseku. V práci jsme ukázali, že vzorkování trati s následnou optimalizací pomocí genetického algoritmu trvá pouze zlomek času vyhrazeného pro zahřívací kolo. Nejen díky tomuto se řešení jeví jako vhodné pro závody autonomních řidičů a může být dále rozšířeno.
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Ersoz, Ethem. "Development Of A Racing Strategy For A Solar Car." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608091/index.pdf.
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The aerodynamical design of a solar race car is presented together with the racing strategy. Dealing with the design and the racing strategy simultaneously offers the advantage of having improvements on both, using the results of each other. Besides these, as a prerequisite of the design, the decision on number of the wheels is discussed. If the three wheel configuration is selected, the requirements for having the desired performance while eliminating the risk of tipping over are inspected.
In the aerodynamics analyses, the software packages Gambit and Fluent are utilized. Using the results of the CFD simulations, aerodynamical shape of the body is analyzed to determine weak points of the design, causing early boundary layer detachment and higher drag. The drag coefficient of the body is also obtained from CFD runs at various speeds. It was determined that the selected NACA profile performs well, under racing speeds but the canopy design is open to improvement.
The racing strategy is analyzed using the race track information together with the design of the solar car. A program was created to determine the position, velocity, acceleration and power consumption versus time. Also the lap time and total energy consumption can be obtained and these are vital data while determining their sensitivity to mass or to resistances. By the help of this program, the experience gained by completing laps on the circuit can be partially gained without actual laps.
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Mears, Andrew Paul. "The aerodynamic characteristics of an exposed racing car wheel." Thesis, Durham University, 2004. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3124/.
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The aerodynamics of an exposed racing car wheel have been analysed using experimental and computational (CFD) techniques. A 40% full-scale pneumatic tyre/wheel assembly was used for the experimental investigations and the exact geometry was replicated in the CFD model. The wheel had an aspect ratio of 0.53 and the tests were conducted at a Reynolds number, based on the wheel diameter, of 2.5 x 10 . Both rotating and stationary wheels were tested with moving and fixed ground-planes, respectively. The experiments were conducted using new and existing methods of data acquisition and analysis. A non-intrusive radio telemetry system was successfully designed and developed that enabled surface static pressure data to be transmitted from a rotating wheel to a local PC. Other experimental techniques included the use of particle image velocimetry (PIV) and a pneumatic non-embedded five-hole pressure probe to investigate the flow-field about the wheel. The early flow separation, which is a characteristic of the rotating wheel, was observed in the surface static pressure distributions and PIV velocity fields. Lift and drag forces were found to decrease as a result of wheel rotation, which agreed with the work of other investigators, and the mechanisms responsible for such force reductions are postulated. The wake structures were investigated and showed weaker streamwise vorticity for the rotating wheel compared to the stationary wheel. The most important and remarkable aspect of this work was the experimental observation and subsequent CFD prediction of the rear jetting flow mechanism whose existence was previously theoretically predicted by another investigator. The PIV velocity fields clearly show the rear jetting phenomenon and this is further corroborated by a negative pressure peak in the surface pressure distributions on the wheel centreline. The effects the rear jetting phenomenon has on the wake mechanics, and hence the forces acting on the rotating wheel, are postulated.
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Shackleford, Ben A. "Going National while Staying Southern: Stock Car Racing in America, 1949 - 1979." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004, 2004. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-08162004-174946/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--History, Technology and Society, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005.Doug Flamming, Committee Member ; Steve Usselman, Committee Chair ; Gus Giebelhaus, Committee Member ; William Winders, Committee Member ; Philip Scranton, Committee Member. Includes bibliographical references.
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Penning, Pieter Paulus. "Experimental and computational investigation into race car aerodynamics." Diss., University of Pretoria, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30482.
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In this study, experimental tests and Computational Fluid Dynamics are used to investigate the aerodynamic performance of two types of track-based racing cars. After the literature study, where automotive aerodynamics is discussed in very general terms, the air flow beneath a Formula One Grand Prix Racing Car is investigated. This is achieved by fitting the under-tray of a 30% scale model of the Parmalat Forti Ford FGO 1-95 with surface-static pressure ports and testing the model in a rolling-road wind tunnel. By varying a number of model parameters, it is found that the wheels significantly alter the pressure distribution under the floor of the racing car at positions away from the centre-line. It is shown that the front or rear wheel sets are independently sufficient to induce the flow changes. The addition of the other set then only produces milder and more local changes. The numerical part of the floor investigation is aimed at reproducing the centre-line flow pattern by solving the full Reynolds-Average Navier-Stokes equations over a two-dimensional curvilinear grid of the isolated floor. Two algorithms, Roe's flux-difference splitting method and the commercial package, STAR-CD which employs the SIMPLE algorithm and a two-equation turbulence model, are used to solve the governing equations. It is found that although the correct trends are observed when two different ride heights are simulated, absolute correlation is inadequate despite the use of experimentally-controlled boundary conditions. The simulations are however used to demonstrate the saturation in downforce with increasing vehicle speed. In order to improve numerical accuracy, a second study was launched where the effect of including the centre-line profile of the complete vehicle is investigated. To reduce the amount of detail a 1/12th scale model of a generic BMW Touring Car is used. Experimental data in the form of centre-line surface-static pressure coefficients are used for numerical correlation. The data is obtained by testing the three-dimensional model in a wind tunnel fitted with a stationary-road raised-platform floor. To establish continuity, the experimental data is used to show the similarities between the pressure distribution on the centre line of the open-wheel and the closed-wheel racing car. The effect of a rear-mounted aerodynamic device on the downforce is also discussed. The numerical investigation using the SIMPLE algorithm of STAR-CD and three high Reynolds-Number turbulence models, is based on the centre-line profile of the experimental model. It is seen that although qualitative correlation exists in areas around the car, quantitative agreement is less positive. Discrepancies are found to be most significant under the floor. It is shown that the influence of the three dimensional flow field on the experimental results are unlikely to cause satisfactory correlation. It is suggested that, in order to improve correlation, a new investigation is launched aimed at refining the numerical model. An outline for the new study is presented and includes simulations indicating the dependence of the computational solution on the density of the grid and on the user-definable turbulence parameters.Dissertation (M Eng (Mechanical Engineering))--University of Pretoria, 1999.
Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering
unrestricted
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Abdelrasoul, Nader. "Optimization Techniques For an Artificial Potential Fields Racing Car Controller." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för datalogi och datorsystemteknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-6211.
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Context. Building autonomous racing car controllers is a growing field of computer science which has been receiving great attention lately. An approach named Artificial Potential Fields (APF) is used widely as a path finding and obstacle avoidance approach in robotics and vehicle motion controlling systems. The use of APF results in a collision free path, it can also be used to achieve other goals such as overtaking and maneuverability. Objectives. The aim of this thesis is to build an autonomous racing car controller that can achieve good performance in terms of speed, time, and damage level. To fulfill our aim we need to achieve optimality in the controller choices because racing requires the highest possible performance. Also, we need to build the controller using algorithms that does not result in high computational overhead. Methods. We used Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) in combination with APF to achieve optimal car controlling. The Open Racing Car Simulator (TORCS) was used as a testbed for the proposed controller, we have conducted two experiments with different configuration each time to test the performance of our APF- PSO controller. Results. The obtained results showed that using the APF-PSO controller resulted in good performance compared to top performing controllers. Also, the results showed that the use of PSO proved to enhance the performance compared to using APF only. High performance has been proven in the solo driving and in racing competitions, with the exception of an increased level of damage, however, the level of damage was not very high and did not result in a controller shut down. Conclusions. Based on the obtained results we have concluded that the use of PSO with APF results in high performance while taking low computational cost.
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Wallin, Jonas, and Joakim Zachrisson. "Sensor Fusion in Smartphones : with Application to Car Racing Performance Analysis." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Reglerteknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-94170.
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Today's smartphones are equipped with a variety of different sensors such as GPS receivers, accelerometers, gyroscopes and magnetometers, making smartphones viable tools in many applications. The computational capacity of smartphones allows for software applications running advanced signal processing algorithms. Thus, attaching a smartphone inside a car makes it possible to estimate kinematics of the vehicle by fusing information from the different sensors inside the smartphone. Fusing information from different sources for improving estimation quality is a well-known problem and there exist a lot of methods and algorithms in this area. This thesis approaches the sensor fusion problem of estimating kinematics of cars using smartphones for the purpose of analysing driving performance. Different varieties of the coordinated turn model for describing the vehicle dynamics are investigated. Also, different measurement models are evaluated where bias errors of the sensors are taken into consideration. Pre-filtering and construction of pseudo-measurements are also considered which allow for use of state space models with a lower dimension.Dagens smartphones är utrustade med en rad olika typer av sensorer såsom GPS mottagare, accelerometrar, gyroskop och magnetometrar vilket medför ett stort användningsområde. Beräkningskapaciteten hos smartphones gör det möjligt för mjukvaruapplikationer att använda sig av avancerade algoritmer för signalbehandling. Det är därför möjligt att placera en smartphone inuti en bil och skatta bilens kinematik genom att kombinera informationen från de olika sensorerna. Att fusionera information från olika källor för att erhålla bättre skattningar är ett välkänt område där det finns många metoder och algoritmer utvecklade. Detta examensarbete behandlar sensorfusionsproblemet att skatta bilars kinematik med hjälp av smartphones för syftet att kunna analysera körprestanda. Olika varianter av en coordinated turn modell för att beskriva bilens dynamik undersöks. Dessutom testas olika modeller för sensorerna där hänsyn till exempelvis biasfel tas. Förbehandling av data och pseudomätningar testas också vilket gör det möjligt att använda tillståndsmodeller med låg dimension.
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Liang, Chen. "Turbulent flow simulations around the front wing of a racing car." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2010. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9583.
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Aerodynamics has played a more and more important role in motorsports for
maximising the race car performance. Amongst all the aerodynamic devices of race
car, the front wing plays a vital role. In order to evaluate aerodynamic forces and
develop new solutions for the race car, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has
become a powerful tool. The most classical numerical simulations are based on
solving the Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations.
In this project, the aerodynamics of front wings in ground effect has been studied
using computational methods. A serious of simulations has carried out both for a
single element wing and a double element wing by using DLR‟s FLOWer code.
Simulations using three numerical schemes and three different turbulence models are
carried out and the computational results were compared with the experimental data
around the single element wing in ground effect. Further on, numerical studies on the
aerodynamics performance have carried out for both single and double element wings
in ground effect.
For the investigation of different numerical methods and different turbulence models,
the results obtained by using HLLC Riemann solver with 3rd order WENO schemes in
conjunction with two-equation SST k-ω turbulence model shows more accurate
simulations for the lift, drag coefficients and the pressure distributions at all heights.
Furthermore, the numerical study on single element wing shows that the decreased
height (to a certain level) and the increased angle of attack (up to the stall angle) will
result in larger downforce. For the double element wing, various simulations were
carried out under the configurations that the main element is fixed while the flap angle
changes. The general tendency for both the downforce and the drag are similar with
the single element wing, however the magnitude is much bigger. It is also found that
the increased camber which made by the adding flap does not bring a significant
vortex shedding after the trailing edge.
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Gustafsson, Thomas. "Computing The Ideal Racing Line Using Optimal Control." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-11544.
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In racing, it is useful to analyze vehicle performance and driving strategies to achieve the best result possible in competitions. This is often done by simulations and test driving.
In this thesis optimal control is used to examine how a racing car should be driven to minimize the lap time. This is achieved by calculating the optimal racing line at various tracks. The tracks can have arbitrary layout and consist of corners with non-constant radius. The road can have variable width. A four wheel vehicle model with lateral and longitudinal weight transfer is used.
To increase the performance of the optimization algorithm, a set of additional techniques are used. The most important one is to divide tracks into smaller overlapping segments and find the optimal line for each segment independently. This turned out to be useful when the track is long.
The optimal racing line is found for various tracks and cars. The solutions have several similarities to real driving techniques. The result is presented as driving instructions in Racer, a car simulator.
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Font, Carlos Alejandro. "Feasibility of helically stiffened construction for a formula racing car structural shell." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08222009-040305/.
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Keith, Rebecca M. "Run whatcha brung : the World of Outlaws and the community of sprint car racing." Virtual Press, 1994. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/917017.
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Usages and meanings associated with three key cultural metaphors, "outlaw," "family," and "community" are examined in order to determine the limits of their applicability within American sprint car racing, and to provide a clearer understanding of the cultural significance of sprint car racing in America. These three metaphors have multiple functions. They are used to structure relationships, communicate codes of conduct, express attitudes, and enculturate participants.The sprint car racing "community" is outside the mainstream of sport culture in America, and it is at once metaphoric, ideal, and real. Culture provides participants with a range of possible mechanisms for structuring, organizing, and communicating the value system(s) and symbolic system(s) involved in the construction and racing of sprint cars. Sprint car racing in America provides an outlet for a preferred way of life in which competitive behavior is a major aspect. Cooperation with those whom you are competing against functions to reinforce the values of the "community."Department of Anthropology
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Walden, Alice. "The Driving Factors : Evaluating intuitive interaction with a 3D-device in a car racing game." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-139579.
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To investigate the topic of intuitive interaction using a 3D-device, a toy car was used as a controller with the Stylaero Board to complete one lap in a car racing game. 20 participants completed the task in 2 conditions, one using the 3D-device as a controller, and one using a standard computer keyboard. The interaction was evaluated using task completion time as a measure of learnability of the device, as well as through subjective reactions from users gathered from a tailored questionnaire with 7 statements rated on a Likert scale of 1-5, and 3 open-ended questions. The performance and attitude towards the 3D-device as a controller was compared to the performance and attitude towards using a standard keyboard. The mean task completion time was significantly lower when using the keyboard. A subscale of the enjoyability of using the device was compared between conditions indicating a significant difference where the 3D-device was rated higher than the keyboard. Furthermore, a significant correlation was found between attitude towards the control device and task completion time in the keyboard, while no significant correlation was found between the corresponding variables for the 3D-device. These results indicate a difference between what aspects are important to users when evaluating a new interface compared to a familiar one. The subjective reactions gathered from the open-ended questions were categorized and sorted into themes using thematic analysis to illustrate the various aspects that were highlighted by users for each interface. The problems faced by participants when using the 3D-device were observed and analyzed in relation to current theories of intuitive interaction to find the driving factors of interaction with a new device.
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Baker, Andrew J. "When the engines no longer roar : a case study of North Wilkesboro, N.C. and the North Wilkesboro Speedway /." Ohio : Ohio University, 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1121271618.
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Guo, M. "Design and modelling of optimal driveline control strategy for an electric racing car with rear in-line motors." Thesis, Coventry University, 2015. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/647dba4b-4067-4923-b8bd-18283d19b97d/1.
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Interest in electric vehicles (EVs) has increased rapidly over recent years from both industrial and academic viewpoints due to increasing concerns about environmental pollution and global oil usage. In the automotive sector, huge efforts have been invested in vehicle technology to improve efficiency and reduce carbon emissions with, for example, electric vehicles. Nowadays, the safety and handling of electric vehicles present new tasks for vehicle dynamics engineers due to the changes in weight distribution and vehicle architecture. This thesis focuses on one design area of the electric vehicle – torque vectoring control – with the aim of investigating the potential benefits of improved vehicle dynamics and handling for EVs. A full electric racing car kit developed by Westfield Sportcars based on an in-line motors design has been modelled in ADAMS with typical subsystems, and then simulated with computer-based kinematic and dynamic analyses. Thus, the characteristics of the suspensions and the natural frequencies of the sprung and unsprung masses were found, so that the model was validated for further simulation and investigation. Different architectures of the EVs, namely the in-line motors and the in-wheel motors, are compared using objective measurements. The objective measurements predicted with kinematics, dynamics and handling analyses confirm that the architecture of the in-line motors provides a superior dynamics performance for ride and driveability. An Optimal Driveline Control Strategy (ODCS) based on the concept of individual wheel control is designed and its performance is compared with the more common driveline used successfully in the past. The research challenge is to investigate the optimisation of the driving torque outputs to control the vehicle and provide the desired vehicle dynamics. The simulation results confirm that active yaw control is indeed achievable. The original aspects of this work include defining the characteristics and linearity of the project vehicle using a novel consideration of yaw rate gain; the design and development the Optimal Driveline Control Strategy (ODCS); the analysis and modelling the ODCS in the vehicle and the comparison of the results with conventional drivelines. The work has demonstrated that valuable performance benefits result from using optimal torque vectoring control for electric vehicle.
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Corneliussen, Snorre Christoffer, and Magnus Westergaard. "Combining offline and online learning in developing an adaptive controller for a simulated car racing environment." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for datateknikk og informasjonsvitenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-13640.
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This report presents the work done to develop an autonomous driverfor the Simulated Car Racing Championship (SCRC), a competition incomputational intelligence based on The Open Racing Car Simulator(TORCS). Autonomous race driving based only on local sensory datais a complex problem, and previous SCRC entries' work show a widevariety of approaches taken to address it. We describe CRABCAR,a controller that combines oine learning prior to the competitionwith online learning during the competition to optimize its performance in the SCRC context. The presented approach extends and builds on track modelling and racing line optimization techniques introduced previously, addressing known problems said techniques have with noisy sensory input and non-perfect track information. CRABCAR's performance is compared to previous entries from the SCRC, with results showing CRABCAR at a performance level similar to the others. We conclude that a system for online adaption is essential when pre-learned strategies are applied to discretely segmented and non-perfect track models in the SCRC context.
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New, T. M. "Random road analysis and improved gear ratio selection of a front wheel drive drag racing car." Connect to this title online, 2008. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1211387456/.
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Soso, Michael D. "An investigation into the aerodynamics of a wing in ground effect in generic racing car wake flows." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.417986.
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Salman, Muhammad. "Collision Detection and Overtaking Using Artificial Potential Fields in Car Racing game TORCS using Multi-Agent based Architecture." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för datalogi och datorsystemteknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-3206.
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The Car Racing competition platform is used for evaluating different car control solutions under competitive conditions [1]. These competitions are organized as part of the IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC) and Computational Intelligence and Games Sym-posium (CIG). The goal is to learn and develop a controller for a car in the TORCS open source racing game [2]. Oussama Khatib [3] (1986) introduced Artificial potential fields (APFs) for the first time while looking for new ways to avoid obstacles for manipulators and mobile robots in real time. In car racing games a novel combination of artificial potential fields as the major control paradigm for car controls in a multi-agent system is being used to coordinate control interests in different scenarios [1]. Here we extend the work of Uusitalo and Stefan J. Johansson by introducing effective collision detection, overtaking maneuvers, run time evaluation and detailed analysis of the track using the concept of multi-agent artificial potential fields MAPFs. The results of our extended car controller in terms of lap time, number of damages and position in the race is improved.We have concluded by implementing a controller that make use of multi agent based artificial potential field approach to achieve the tricky and complex task of collision detection and overtaking while driving in a car racing game with different other controllers as opponents. We exploited the advantages of APFs to the best of our knowledge using laws of physics and discrete mathematics in order to achieve successful overtaking behavior and overcome its drawbacks as being very complex to implement and high memory requirements for time critical applications e.g. car racing games (Section 3.1, RQ1). Dynamic objects in a fast changing environment like a car racing game are likely to collide more often with each other, thus resulting in higher number of damages. Using APFs instead of traditionally used collision avoidance techniques resulted in less number of damages during the race, thus minimizing the lap’s time which in turn contribute to better position in the race as shown in experiment 3 (Section 3.1, RQ2 and Section 6.6). Overtaking maneuvers are complex and tricky and is the major cause of collision among cars both in real life as well as in car racing games, thus the criteria to measure the performance regarding overtaking behavior of different controllers in the race is based on number of damages taken during the race. The comparison between the participating controllers in terms of damages taken during various rounds of the race is analyzed in experiment 3 (Section 3.1, RQ3 and Section 6.6). The results of the quick race along with opponents shows good results on three tracks while having bad performance on the remaining other track. Our controller got 1st position on the CG track 2 while kept 2nd position on CS Speed way 1 and Alpine 1. It had worse performance on wheel 2 which needs to be optimized in the future for better results on this track and other similar complex and tricky tracks.
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Welchko, Brian A. "A high power DC motor controller for an electrical race car using power MOSFETS." Ohio : Ohio University, 1996. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1239733975.
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Blaszykowski, Sylvain. "Design, modeling and implementation of the power train of an electric racing car : Control of a permanent magnet machine and implementation of a torque vectoring process in a FSAE car." Thesis, KTH, Fordonsdynamik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-172206.
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This work emphasize the design, implementation and optimization of an electric power train for a Formula Student racing car. As a first part, theory and control of a PMSM machine, in an automotive context is investigated: a CAN bus communication system has been implemented and a field weakening strategy. Precise modeling of the car has then been performed using CarMaker, developed by IPG and making it possible to perform accurate tests and forecast regarding the performances of the vehicle. This model was then used to develop and test different launch control strategies together with a torque vectoring strategy and study the influence of different parameters on the vehicle performances.
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Akanni, Saïf-Deen. "Air jet vortex generator flow control applied to the rear multi element high downforce wing of a Formula One racing car." Thesis, City University London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269298.
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Daniel, Petr. "Analýza vlivu polohy karoserie závodního vozu na aerodynamické charakteristiky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230353.
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Master’s thesis deals with the aerodynamics of racing vehicle for various settings of clearance and tilt of body. First is described the theory of aerodynamics and flow. It was necessary to build the CAD model of racing car for analysis. Assembly of this model is the next chapter of the master’s thesis. This is followed by CFD analysis, where is displayed a simplified model of the vehicle. This part describes the overall process and setting in the CFD program. In conclusion, the results are summarized for each setting.
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Styrlander, Ludwig. "Estimate a neural networks training duration when it is learning to drive a car : Developing a neural network in a small racing game inUnity." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-21118.
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Background. Machine learning technology is used daily in many aspects of computers. Neural network is a machine learning technique. The importance of carsthat are self driving has increased in recent years and the research about it has alsoincreased. Some cars that are produced today already have an autopilot feature inthem. Objectives. In this thesis the objective is to find how the training duration of aneural network changes, when the track becomes harder and harder. Methods. To achieve this a small game and a neural network was developed inUnity. The neural network receive input from 5 sensors and gave 2 outputs, an angleand a velocity. The neural network will be trained in the game on 4 different tracks,each with one more obstacle than the last one. The neural network will generatetwenty cars that will drive simultaneously to the end of the track. If a car collidewith a wall, it gets destroyed. When all cars are destroyed a new generation is generated based on the 2 cars that got destroyed last. Results. The first track was finished in 8,3 seconds, the second track in 28,9 secondsand that is a 248% increase from the first track. The third track was finished in 44,5seconds and that is a 54% increase from the second track. Fourth track were finishedin 39,9 seconds and that was a 10,3% decrease in time. Conclusions. In conclusion the training duration increased from track 1 to track2. from track 2 to track 3 and 4 the increase is presumed to be because the trackis larger and because of the speed output from the neural network. The trainingduration does change, but the change corresponds with the change of the length ofthe track.
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Srnec, Pavel. "Optimalizace nastavení závodního vozu simulátoru TORCS." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-236557.
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This master's thesis is about nature optimalization technigues. Evolution algortihms together with main thesis topic, Particle Swarm Optimization, is introduced in the following chapter. Car setup and simulator TORCS are introduced in next chapter. Design and implementation are introduced in next chapters. Destination of t master's thesis is finding optimal car setups for different curcuits.
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Javorka, Marián. "Fyzikální simulace v grafické scéně." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-237058.
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This master's thesis deals with physical simulation of cars. Program is implemented in C++ using OpenSceneGraph and Bullet libraries, which are shortly introduced. The application is implemented as simple racing game for one or two players. Using a simple menu, the user can select a car and the weather, which dramatically affects the handling characteristics of vehicles. Setting weather to random is one of the options leading to a dynamic weather changes during the game. The application takes into account collisions among cars and collisions with the terrain and bars on a racing circuit.
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Bork, Carrington E. "Aerodynamic Development of the Buckeye Bullet 3 Electric Landspeed Vehicle." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1339688241.
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Vanda, Marek. "Měření a seřízení geometrie náprav závodních vozidel." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-400454.
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This diploma thesis deals with the design of device for measuring wheel alignment and set- up of race car chassis. The real prototype of measuring device based on previous theoretical design has been made. The measuring procedure is mentioned as well. Another part is focused on factors affecting accuracy of measurement. The last part contains evaluation and discussion of gained results based on several measurements that have been done with prototype of measuring device.
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Ravelli, Umberto. "Aerodynamics of a 2017 Formula 1 Car: Numerical Analysis of a Baseline Vehicle and Design Improvements in Freestream and Wake Flows." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/128609.
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In this work an extensive numerical analysis of open-wheeled racing car aerodynamics is presented. The whole CFD workflow, from meshing to calculation, was carried out by the open-source software OpenFOAM®, in the steady RANS framework. After investigating the mechanisms behind ground effect by means of simple test cases, including a diffuser-equipped blunt body and a single element wing, attention was focused on the 2017 Formula 1 car designed by the British constructor ©PERRINN. The validation of the numerical results in terms of drag, downforce, efficiency and front balance was accompanied by a qualitative study of the flow around the car. Axial vorticity plays a key role in the generation of downforce and the use of ground effect improves the efficiency of the overall vehicle. In the second step of the research, it was found that front and rear ride height have a strong influence on the dynamic behaviour of the car. Since racing implies a close interaction with other vehicles, the core of the research was devoted to evaluation and subsequent improvement of aerodynamic performance in wake flows. Tandem-running simulations at different distances between lead and following cars put in evidence that running in slipstream results in a strong worsening of downforce and a dramatic change in front balance.
To overcome these limitations, the baseline vehicle was subjected to a targeted aerodynamic development. Among the tested aero packages, one in particular provided encouraging results: it ensures higher downforce and efficiency than the baseline configuration while fulfilling, at the same time, the goal of reducing the above mentioned performance worsening in slipstream. The concepts behind the effectiveness of the new design deal with a better management of the chaotic flow underneath the car; moreover, underbody and rear wing adjustments contribute to generation of a shorter and narrower wake. Overall, an easier approach to the lead car and a safer overtaking could be achieved through small modifications to 2017 F1 Technical Regulations, without disrupting the current F1 car layout. As a further check of the robustness of the new design proposals, all the developed aerodynamic configurations have been tested in yawed flow. Finally, the last section of the research aimed at quantifying the lap-time performance of the vehicles equipped with the new aero packages, since each track requires specific levels of downforce and efficiency. Results in terms of aerodynamic specifications are in line with those typically encountered in current F1 grand prix races.
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Tavernini, Davide. "Sport vehicles and virtual riders modeling." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423504.
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The Optimal Maneuver Method is a package for optimal control problem simulations based on the mathematical formulation of a vehicle model capable of getting the dynamics of the system and on the concept of ideal rider.
The work presented in this thesis covers different purposes: the development of the current methodology applied to motorcycles in order to improve matching between experimental evidence results and lap-time simulations, second to formulate different single, two, four-wheeled vehicle models for different application cases. Third to create flexible libraries to manage components that are communal between the different models and require a particular formulation. Fourth to apply the Optimal Maneuver Method for studying the optimality of some specialized driving techniques that are nowadays under investigation, as aggressive maneuvers outside the linear behavior of tires, which knowledge are at the base of modern active chassis control systems.Il Metodo della Manovra Ottima è un pacchetto software per simulazioni basate su problemi di controllo ottimo. Esso consiste nella formulazione matematica di un modello di veicolo capace di cogliere la dinamica del sistema a cui è associato e si basa sul concetto di pilota ideale. Il lavoro presentato in questa tesi copre diversi aspetti: lo sviluppo della già esistente metodologia applicata in campo motociclistico al fine di migliorare la corrispondenza tra prove sperimentali e risultati delle simulazioni, secondo la formulazione di diversi modelli di veicolo ad una, due e quattro ruote per diverse applicazioni. Terzo lo sviluppo di un pacchetto di librerie in grado di gestire alcuni componenti comuni a più modelli di veicolo che richiedono una particolare formulazione. Quarto l’applicazione del Metodo della Manovra Ottima per lo studio dell’ottimalità di certe tecniche di guida adottate da piloti professionisti che sono al momento oggetto di studio, come manovre aggressive oltre il comportamento lineare degli pneumatici, la cui comprensione è alla base dei moderni sistemi di controllo attivo del veicolo.
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Vašek, Lukáš. "Návrh výroby držáků řízení předního kola pro studentskou formuli TU Brno Racing." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-378983.
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This thesis deals with the design and production of wheel control holders for the right front wheel of the formula Dragon 4 of TU Brno Racing team. In the theoretical part, the Formula Student competition is described, including the steering holders themselves and description of their function and location. Later the analysis of aluminium and its alloy was made, including description of the CERTAL material of which the holders were made. The practical part includes the design of prototype holders in the Autodesk Inventor CAD software, the design and application of machining strategies in the PowerMILL CAM software. Further, the practical part includes production on milling machines at the MCV 754 QUICK and DECKEL MAHO DMU 50 machining centre. At the end, the dimensional analysis of the part is performed, manufactured holders were compared to the CAD model of the given components and the technical and economical evaluation of the production was made.
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Glenn, Antonia Nakano. "Racing and e-racing the stage : the politics of mixed race performance /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3149286.
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Buzas, Zoltan I. "Race and International Politics: How Racial Prejudice Can Shape Discord and Cooperation among Great Powers." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1341076646.
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Urban, Marek. "Návrh zavěšení kol Formule Student." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-417557.
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Tato práce se se zabývá návrhem kinematiky zavěšení kol obou náprav. Na základě analýz jízdních dat, multi-body simulací v softwaru Adams Car, simulací v Matlabu a analytických kalkulací v Mathcadu, je navržena řada změn s cílem zlepšit jízdní vlastnosti vozu Formule student, tyto změny jsou následně implementovány do CAD modelu vozu. Jednotlivé změny kinematiky náprav jsou provedeny na základě analýzy konkrétního problému, který se snaží řešit. Jednou z problematik je zástavbová náročnost systému odpružení a zavěšení zadních kol, zde je cílem snížit hmotnost, výšku těžiště a moment setrvačnosti. Další problematikou je geometrie předního kola, kde je cílem zlepšit využití pneumatik a snížit síly v řízení. Dále se práce zabývá simulacemi elastokinematiky zadní nápravy, součástí je také návrh měřícího zařízení. V poslední části je zkoumán vliv provedených změn i elastokinematiky na jízdní dynamiku vozu v ustálených stavech za pomocí MM metody simulované s modelem celého vozu v Adams Car a zpracované v Matlabu.
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Sayre, Sara N. "Perceived Racism and Trust in Health Care." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1382601437.
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Iannacone, Stephen Mark. "Systemic and Racial Barriers to Palliative Care." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2017. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/433062.
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Urban BioethicsM.A.
Those who have known an individual with a chronic medical condition or someone that has been diagnosed with a terminal illness have experienced the physical and emotional toll these diagnoses have on both patients and their loved ones. Medical providers encounter these situations daily and are often responsible for assisting the patient and their family in the decision-making process. The specialty of Hospice and Palliative Medicine was created specifically with these difficult, but very common, situations in mind. Even though the concept of palliative care has become mainstream and its practice is considered standard of care in many situations, it continues to be misunderstood, misrepresented, and underutilized, despite providing measurable benefits to patients, families and the healthcare system. This paper explores two systemic barriers to palliative care that contribute to this problem and highlights how race, cultural mistrust, and a long history of racial disparities in health care work together to undermine the effective delivery of palliative care.
Temple University--Theses
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Boag, William (William George). "Quantifying racial disparities in end-of-life care." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118063.
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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2018.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 75-80).
There are established racial disparities in healthcare, particularly during end-of-life care when poor communication and historical inequities can lead to suboptimal options and outcomes for patients and their families. Previous work has suggested that medical disparities can reflect higher rates of mistrust for the healthcare system among black patients. When the doctor-patient relationship lacks trust, patients may believe that limiting any intensive treatment is unjustly motivated, and demand higher levels of aggressive care. While there are clinical examples of exemplary end-of-life care, studies have highlighted that aggressive care can lead to painful final moments, and may not improve patient outcomes. In this thesis, I demonstrate that racial disparities which have been reported previously are also present in two public databases. I explore the notion that one underlying cause of this disparity is due to mistrust between patient and caregivers, and develop a multiple trust metric proxies to measure such mistrust more directly. These metric demonstrate even stronger disparities in end-of-life care than race does and statistically significant higher levels of mistrust for black populations. I hope that this work will serve as a useful view for bias and fairness in clinical data, and that future work can better understand mistrust so that its underlying factors (e.g. poor communication and perceived discrimination) can be addressed.
by William Boag.
S.M.
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Brimmer, Allison. "Loving loving? problematizing pedagogies of care and chela sandoval's love as a hermeneutic." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001013.
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McGee, Paula. "Culturally-sensitive nursing care : a critique." Thesis, Birmingham City University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322730.
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The aim of this investigation was to explore the lived experiences of nurses and patients about the nature of culture, how nurses incorporated cultural issues into their work and the extent to which patients felt that their cultural needs were met. A phenomenological approach was used because this facilitated interpretation of takenfor- granted aspects of daily life in order to gain insight into the hidden meanings that participants ascribed to everyday events. Nurse and patient participants included members of White, Black and other minority ethnic groups, men and women, young and mature adults. A total of 85 nurses working in, and 54 patients recently discharged from, acute hospital wards spread over four NHS Trusts, agreed to be interviewed. A number of methodological issues were addressed. These included interviewing across cultural and racial boundaries and the ethical dimensions of constructing the sample. The phenomenological approach was helpful in clarifying understanding and meaning, particularly through the analysis of stories. These revealed that the nurses had some practical knowledge of cultural issues and, like the patients, saw good care as being linked to interpersonal skills. This practical knowledge was not sociallyembedded and shared by members of ward teams. The nurses' formal knowledge about cultural issues was very limited. Nurses and patients demonstrated rigid views of culture and its relationship with care that helped to reinforce negative stereotypes and racism. The experiences of two nurses in cultural liaison roles were explored as potential forms of higher-level nursing practice but revealed, instead, some of the pressures to which nurses who are members of minority groups are exposed. Recommendations include the need for nurses to possess knowledge and skills that will enable them to develop and expand their competence. They also require skills, confidence and support from senior staff in dealing effectively with racist behaviour.
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Shuford, John E. M. "The "gift" of affirmative action : racial redress toward racial healing /." view abstract or download file of text, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3061965.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2002.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 296-324). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users. Address: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3061965.
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Kim, Jinah. "U.S. racial imaginaries." Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2006. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3221813.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2006.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed September 19, 2006). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 160-175).
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Slade, Catherine Putnam. "Does Patient-Centered Care affect Racial Disparities in Health?" Digital Archive @ GSU, 2007. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/pmap_diss/24.
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This thesis presents a challenge to policy initiatives that presume that patient-centered care will reduce racial disparities in health. Data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey were used to test patient assessment of provider behavior defined as patient-centered care according to the National Health Disparities Report of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality of the Department of Health and Human Services. Results indicated patient-centered care improves self-rated health status, but blacks still report worse health status than whites experiencing comparable patient-centered care. Further, black-white differences in patient-centered care had no affect on health status. Rival theories of black-white differences in health, including social class and health literacy, provided better explanations of disparities than assessment of provider behaviors. These findings suggest that policies designed to financially incentivize patient-centered care practices by providers should be considered with caution. While patient-centered care is better quality care, financial incentives could have a negative effect on minority health if providers are deterred from practices that serve disproportionate numbers of poor and less literate patients and their families. Measurement of the concept of patient-centered care in future health disparities research was also discussed.
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Slade, Catherine Putnam. "Does patient-centered care affect racial disparities in health?" Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22569.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Public Policy, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.Committee Chair: Robert J. Eger III, Ph.D.; Committee Member: Christopher M. Weible, Ph.D.; Committee Member: Gregory B. Lewis, Ph.D.; Committee Member: Monica M. Gaughan, Ph.D.; Committee Member: Valerie A. Hepburn, Ph.D.
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Martinez, Karen M. "USING THE RACE CARD: CONSTRUCTING REVERSE-RACISM WITHIN THE ANTI-IMMIGRATION DEBATE." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1501488212368347.
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Luesley, Andrew John Arthur. "Playing the race card : racial bias in judicial decision-making." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/63321.
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Racial bias does not have to be explicit to be felt. In the context of the criminal justice system, even implicit bias can have huge impacts on complainants and accused. While judicial impartiality and neutrality are hallowed principles in our judicial system, there is clear evidence of racial bias in judicial decision-making. The prevalence of racial bias throughout the criminal justice system creates the need for explicit considerations of race for the system to produce substantive equality, and for the legal system to apply to and protect all people equally.
Sexual assault is an area of law where complainants likely face implicit racial bias. Further, it is possible that there is less perceived societal harm to the sexual assault of minorities. If racial complainants are less likely to be believed, or are less sympathetic complainants, then the criminal justice system will fail to adequately deter crimes against minorities.
This thesis asserts that counsel should be advancing the topic of race in the context of sexual assault due to its racialized nature and the pressing need to find a way to reduce its prevalence as the current approach has failed to do over the last ten years or more. If the topic of race is raised, it allows the judge to attempt to counteract any of his potential implicit biases, as well as factor race into his considerations regarding deterrence.
The current erasure of race in sentencing impacts both complainants and accused, and may limit the criminal justice systems ability to effectively deter crime. Ultimately, the thesis suggests judges record the race of the accused and complainant in their sentencing decisions for sexual assault. This data on the racial demographics of sexual assault convictions will allow researchers to measure judicial racial bias in sentencing, as to identify whether there is explicit, implicit and/or structure inequality in the criminal justice system such that sexual assaults involving minority complainants are less likely to result in convictions.Law, Peter A. Allard School of
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Furuichi, Satomi. "On understanding racial inequality in Brazil /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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