Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Caractères chinois'
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Delforges, Régine. "Les caractères chinois : combinatoire et système de formes." Lyon 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO31017.
Full textA) every chinese charactec consists of a combination of a precise number of basic strokes which are defined and ordered by the writing code. The combinatory logic of curry and schonfinke allows its linguistic application to alphabetically spelled words to be extended to ideograms. Latin letters and basic strokes will be treated and formulated analogically in terms of the theory of combinators : letters and strokes are the elements of this theory and are symbolised by the lower case letters a,b,c,. . . . . The combinators, symbolised by the capital letters i. K. W. B. C. , modify the arguments (a,b,c,. . . And or i,k,w. . . . ) through identification, elimination, reduplication, composition or permutation. An initial string (c. Ki) abcdegives a final string cbde, just as for the word horse (c. Ki) horse gives the word rose. By analogy, through the application of cominators to the ordered sequence of strokes of a character, another character is obtained with a differently ordered combination. B) as they become increasingly complex, the characters represent a concept according to the topological, semantic and-or phonetic relationships between their components: pictorgram : geometral topo-semantic relationship between the strokes. Logogram : a non-phonetic, semantic relationship of the components. Trust, pronounced xin, is transcribed by the sense relationship between man, ren, and word, yan. Ideophonetics : semantic and or phonetic relationship of the components : to argue
Bottéro, Françoise. "Sémantisme et classification dans l'écriture chinoise : étude du système de classement par clés du Shuowen Jiezi jusqu'au Système des 214 Clés." Paris, EHESS, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992EHES0313.
Full textMaréchal, Chrystelle. "Etudes d'étymologie graphique chinoise à la lumière de données comparatives." Paris, EHESS, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EHES0002.
Full textGinhoux, Jean-Claude. "Approche lexicologique et syntaxique de la langue vietnamienne classique en écriture démotique (Nôm) : à partir de textes traduits du chinois classique (文 言 Văn ngôn)." Paris, INALCO, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INAL0023.
Full textA global approach of the classic vietnamese language through its lexical and syntaxic dimensions. In the absence of any studies in european language on this subject, which might have provided us a starting point, we assumed that an approach aiming to extricate the syntaxic laws of classical vietnamese from vietnamese translations of chinese texts and the comparaison of this texts to each others constituted the simplest and surest approach. The conditions required for these translations were first identified and qualified as "minimal". Indeed, these texts are translations of classical chinese texts in classical vietnamese, complying to minimal modifications of the chinese text, giving back, however, a text in a correct vietnamese. Moreover, the classical chinese and vietnamese common quality of being analytic and monosyllabic languages, whom semantic structure is insured by function words, allowed us this kind of approach. For exemple, in the verse taken randomly from Nguyên Trai, 朋 碎 市 所 益 蒸 民, bằng tôi nào thửa ích chưng dân, "what is the usefulness of a man like me for the people?", the question is to know what is the role of the function words 朋, 所, 蒸 translated respectively by bằng, thửa, chưng. In the absence of any reference, the question cannot be answered. Our word hypothesis is that if this verse were the translation of the chinese verse, these function words 朋, 所, 蒸 would be the translation of chinese function words whom function in the chinese sentence would allow us to infer the corresponding one in the vietnamese sentence. Furthermore, the choice of chinese texts, that had been translated at different periods (XVth and XVIth centuries), gave to our study a diachronic value, that allowed us to address several aspects of vietnamese language evolution. The question of the vietnamese characters formation or Nôm was addressed with two perspectives: a chronological perspective first, complemented by a heuristic perspective. In the chronological perspective, we described the initial attemps of the first vietnamese translaters, that were supposed to express their own language from chinese characters, that were not necessarily suited to the vietnamese phonetic. This period, that we qualified as pre-classical, is characterized lexically by a form of relative bisyllabism, abondoned latter on, and by a important use of borrowings, that were detrimental to the creation of new proper vietnamese characters. The heuristic perspective showed us that the problematic of Nôm characters formation (that should have developed after the initial attemps of the pre-classical period) was the same problematic as the one underlying the formation of the chinese characters. We can conclude that vietnamese or chinese characters belong to a common corpus. Finally, Nôm characters are just an extension of chinese characters for the use of vietnamese language. Nothing would have forbidden to the chinese language to use Nôm characters if needed. Also, practically speaking, this study will favor the compilation of a common dictionnary which would be that of a common language
Allanic, Bernard. "Les corpus de caractères et leur dimension pédagogique dans la Chine ancienne et contemporaine." Paris, INALCO, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INAL0006.
Full textThe analysis of school books used in China for nearly 2000 years for the teaching of Chinese language at elementary level reveals the same pedagogical principle : an intensive training for the recognition of approximately 1500 basic characters. Based upon that fact, we have elaborated a list of the 1440 most useful characters for foreign students who wish to reach quickly the first level of reading comprehension of authentic Chinese documents. In the second part, we have introduced a method created in 1958 at the school of Beiguan (in the Liaoning province), called "regrouped character teaching ", which complies with the rules of the graphic composition of characters and the way a student can memorize them. Therefore, we have classified the 1440 characters in order to create a sub-list of 360 items, that we have coined " primogrammes ", which are both common graphic components in complex characters, and autonomous characters
Song, Weiyi. "L'intersinographie : une étude de l’acquisition de l’écriture des caractères chinois par des apprenants francophones." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0223.
Full textThis thesis focuses on intersinography, a concept built on the "interlanguage" model, to characterize the learner’s "intermediate" knowledge of writing in a foreign language. We study the dynamics of the development of graphic competences in French-speaking learners of Chinese as a foreign language.We address a crucial question for didactics and learning Chinese (Mandarin). Unlike languages written in an alphabet system, the development of the graphic skills necessary for writing Chinese characters is partially distinct from the learning of spoken Chinese. This is obviously due to the nature of Chinese logograms. Mastery of reading and writing in Chinese requires specific pedagogical processes, distinct from those of oral language.Little work has been devoted to the development of graphic competence in a foreign language, in particular to sinography. This thesis is based on a study of the mastery of graphical execution.In order to draw up a list of non-conforming graphic productions, we have built three corpora among learners of Chinese as a foreign language: a corpus of writings from adolescents (the adolescent corpus), a test for diagnosing written competency (the 100-character test), and a general-use corpus of character writings (the general graphic corpus).Following our quantitative and qualitative studies (follow-up of individual evolutions), and validated by statistical analyzes, we propose a method of teaching called the "sinographic tree (字树, zìshù)". In the age of the digitization of information and knowledge, this thesis proposes unique reflection on the teaching of the sinograms
Qi, Chong. "Néologie et terminologie : analyse et classification des emprunts lexicaux en chinois." Paris, EHESS, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EHESA020.
Full textBailblé, Oliver. "Analyse diachronique et synchronique des emprunts chinois en coréen." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0167.
Full textKorean lexicology is characterized, by many foreign elements that have gradually become integral components of the language. These characters were actually used as a means to represent Korean phonology, as the Korean language lacked its own writing system. Chinese characters were also the essential elements which permitted the enlargement of the Korean lexicography and brought to Korean a large quantity of Dew words which were lacking in the language. The first part of the present study examines the major phases of Chinese borrowings on the Korean peninsula. In the second part, this study will proceed to a synchronic analysis of Sino-Korean words which will allow us to understand how these words of Chinese origin have evolved in modem Korean. A lexical analysis, in particular a study of loan words by subject area, will allow us to observe the nature of Chinese cultural influences as well as Japanese influences. The third part will address the challenges facing the spoken language in South Korea and the future linguistic reunification of the two Koreas, countries which have been, for more than half a century, following radically different linguistic policies. Finally, this study examines attempts to moderate the overexposure to English lexicology, which the language spoken in South Korea is currently facing. Contrary to appearances and perceived notions, we see that the Chinese language and its writing system are returning to the forefront of language borrowing. Despite what the language purists of North and South Korea may wish, it cannot be said that Chinese language borrowings are a thing of the distant past
Yan, Helai. "Le langage chinois (oral et écrit) et ses relations avec l'Inconscient : une réflexion sur la praxis psychanalytique en chinois." Paris 13, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA131017.
Full textLin, Chi-Miao. "Typologies sinographiques et incidences didactiques." Lyon 3, 2007. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2007_out_lin_cm.pdf.
Full textIn human cognition, classifying plays a central role to group and categorize knowledge. The learner of Chinese as a second language does rely on given or self-made classifications to analyze, memorize and acquire Chinese characters. However both the existing orthodox classification of Chinese characters — the so-called Liushu — and more recent ones have been conceived from a grammatological point of view. As such, they are neither coherent nor relevant from a learner's perspective. Built upon the cognitive theory of constructivism, we address the question of the finding of sinographic typologies that accounts for two hypotheses related to the sinographic learning process: first its evolving nature and second its dependency to the learner's pedagogical profile. These hypotheses are investigated in the light of an experimental study of memorizing Chinese characters by L2 students. Based on experimental results and on the constructivism theory, a new sinographic typology is proposed and its didactic impacts on the teaching of Chinese characters is analyzed
Pecard, Jean-Michel. "Le penser en images : pour penser l'affectivité." Paris 7, 2011. http://faraway.parisnanterre.fr/login?url=http://www.harmatheque.com/ebook/9782343054148.
Full textIn a first part we define the domain of the affectivity as the field of study, and specify the various notions connected with sensations, emotions, feelings as well as to particular motions such as anguish, guilt or shame, and re-place them in the psychological context. In the second part we develop the notion of thinking in pictures as a language for affectivity, and we study its in connection with the verbal language. Thinking in pictures is seen as a transition process between consciousness and unconsciousness. The hypothesis of thinking in pictures questions the possible existence of two modes of thinking for the subject and questions especially the distinction between a mental representation and a thought, between interpreting and understanding. The mechanisms of preservation against the representation of affects, or their awareness¬raising, and the way they operate are studied in connection with thinking in pictures. The Chinese, as it is the archetypal ideographic language, is mentioned as a paradigmatic model of linguistic structure for thinking in pictures; the effects of this linguistic structure on the psychic process of the subject and of the group are gone about to illustrate how works the affective language. The dysfunctions and the abnormalities of thinking in pictures are studied in connection with the psychological troubles and various pathologies
Ma, Yifan. "Iconicité dans la grammaire du chinois." Thesis, Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOL009/document.
Full textThe notion of iconicity has become an interesting topic in the Western cognitive linguistics today. We chose to study the problem of iconicity in the context of Chinese grammar. Like any "ideographic" language, the Mandarin Chinese reveal a high degree of iconicity by his writing. In the history of Chinese linguistics, many studies have been done on the similarity between the form of the Chinese character and the sense which it represents. However, we only began to develop the notion of iconicity in the phonetic and syntactic domains with the introduction of cognitive linguistics in China thirty years ago. In this thesis, we will develop the notion of iconicity in the grammar of Chinese in three aspects by giving abundant exemples: phonetics, Chinese characters and syntax
Fafiotte, Georges. "Multiprototypage d'un logiciel d'aide à la découverte de connaissances lexicales : cacao, environnement d'apprentissage assisté par ordinateur des caractères chinois." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE10024.
Full textDubreuil, André. "LeJijiupian : premier dictionnaire chinois, manuel pédagogique et modèle calligraphique." Paris, EPHE, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EPHE4023.
Full textJijiupian, currently named Jijiuzhang by the Chinese calligraphics, is a rhymed glossary, which contains around one thousand various words reflecting the brilliant civilization of the Han. It will be used as pattern of the cursive writing zhangcao, so that this glossary is important in the history of the elementary education as well as in the history of the lexicography or the calligraphy. The two major versions of the glossary, each other separated by two centuries, show two levels of the Chinese writing, before and after the publication of the Xu Shen's famous dictionary Shuowen jiezi. The study, which uses the results of both archeological research and comparative philology, contains a comprehensive history of the transmission of the text, a critical edition, a translation with abundant notes and rich iconography, a presentation of its most famous prefaces, a study about the iterative characters of the Jijiuan, a table of the old rhymes and an alphabetical index of the occurrences
Yang, Jing. "Traductologie, linguistique,culture : recherches sur des perspectives interculturelles relatives à l'héritage de l'Europe et de la Chine." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Limoges, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0002.
Full textBegin with a synthesis on the relations between the evolution of language, the culture and the translation, this thesis aims to establish a recherche regarding the effects of the target culture in influencing the choice of translation strategies. Selected for a contrastive purpose, three topics of cultural exchanges are discussed in the thesis. The nominal and cultural studies of the three topics from a comparative view then paved the path of the thesis towards the analysis with reference to the methods of translation under the influence of cultural ideology
Li, Jing. "Stratégies d'apprentissage des sinogrammes chez les étudiants francophones." Thesis, Paris, INALCO, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014INAL0001.
Full textThis thesis is in the field of acquisition and teaching foreign language. It covers learning strategies of Chinese characters by French students in an instructional environment. The nature of this study is quantitative and descriptive. The first objective is to know which strategies are used by French students to learn Chinese characters and how those strategies are correlated with the student’s Chinese level, the student’s gender, the age and the learning style. A questionnaire, called SILCC (Strategy Inventory of Learning Chinese Character), has been designed in this study to analyze those strategies. The output data are analyzed using inferential statistical methods. The second objective is to apply the results for teaching activities and to propose a model of training strategies that can be used in academic materials
Yang, Jing. "Traductologie, linguistique,culture : recherches sur des perspectives interculturelles relatives à l'héritage de l'Europe et de la Chine." Thesis, Limoges, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0002/document.
Full textBegin with a synthesis on the relations between the evolution of language, the culture and the translation, this thesis aims to establish a recherche regarding the effects of the target culture in influencing the choice of translation strategies. Selected for a contrastive purpose, three topics of cultural exchanges are discussed in the thesis. The nominal and cultural studies of the three topics from a comparative view then paved the path of the thesis towards the analysis with reference to the methods of translation under the influence of cultural ideology
Goudin, Yoann. "L'intercompréhension en langues sinogrammiques : théories, représentations, enjeux, et modalités d'une didactique de la variation." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCF035.
Full textThis doctoral thesis analyzes the current teaching and learning models among languages that were, and still are, in contact with the Chinese script, and that retain this influence in their modern lexicon : the sinogramic languages. This thesis asserts that such a course can be designed through a complete didactic reformulation of how to teach sinograms, not only in their graphic dimension, but also their phonological identity, in order for the student to imagine pronouncing a sinogram in the target-language according to his/her understanding of an already acquired 'bridge-language'. The thesis is divided into three parts. First, there is an epistemological discussion of the European approach to Chinese language and script, with the sole graphic - «ideographic» - focus, which shadowed traditional phonological practices. Next, the design of an alternative approach is proposed in which sinogram-based learning is not rooted in the so called concentrated approach, according to which sinogram types are selected in order of their frequency and adaptability within the contemporary lexicon. This alternative approach is discussed based on the training of the sinogramic system as a whole: the global approach. Finally, the main process for mutual understanding, which is called sinogramic transposition, is introduced to show how students can be trained to understand and produce readings of sinograms in the target-language
Negishi, Tetsuro. "Paul Claudel au Japon : rencontre diplomatique et poétique." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040026.
Full textThis paper addresses the literary and diplomatic works of Paul Claudel (1868-1955), a great French poet and competent diplomat, during his stay in Japan from 1921 to 1927. The first approach is to study his economic, political and cultural efforts as French Ambassador in Tokyo and the relationship between France and Japan, by consulting the ministerial directives that inform us on the task taken up by Claudel. The focus in this part is on the major activities he directed: the Governor General of Indochina’s official visit and the foundation of two French institutions in Japan. This research clarifies the characteristics of his efforts that are not only faithful to his duties but also reflect his personal political vision in the new international system after World War I. The other approach aims at his encounter with Japan. The research is conducted from three perspectives : the first is an analysis on his works concerning the Great Kanto Earthquake in 1923, which show us not only the different style between his literary works and the diplomatic documents, but also his approach to Japanese literature. The second is an analysis of his literary innovation that originates from his personal thesis. And the final part is on the important material sources for his poetic works: books or papers with Chinese characters, pictures or calligraphy on them. In short, we define Claudel’s process of creation which stems from his diplomatic and poetic vision based on his personal philosophy of “co-naissance”
Zhang, Shusheng. "Reconnaissance de l'écriture chinoise multifonte par une méthode mixte." Le Havre, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LEHA0007.
Full textBisinger, Lena. "Rencontre interculturelle dans le roman franco-chinois. Invitation au voyage d'un genre émergent." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA092.
Full textIntercultural relations between China and the Occident have become a vital phenomenon of our age. They range from dealings in major areas of economy and politics to interactions in the visual arts, literature and philosophy. Since the Opening of China during the 1980s, France, in particular, has become the primary destination for dissident intellectuals and students of Chinese origin, a fact which has facilitated a new direct exchange of ideas. This thesis deals with the interculturalism of those very intellectuals in the literary context of the Franco-Chinese novel, hence addressing a key area of this new interculturalism: the authors generate a substantial cultural contact by publishing their works in France, thus linking their Chinese world of thoughts to French culture.The methodological approach is based on the notion of culture as an entity undergoing permanent development caused by human beings who are perceived as participants in the process. Defining culture as ‘text’, Clifford Geertz assigns textual status to all cultural phenomena, thereby emphasizing the interpretative nature of culture as a network of practices and discourses being permanently changed and refined. Literary texts are on the one hand partial elements of this network themselves; on the other hand, they also participate in the productive process by representing and interpreting the bigger text of culture. The thesis accounts for those properties of literary texts by first investigating them as results of a cultural development and subsequently comprehending them as a form of intercultural representation and interpretation.The text corpus of the analysis has been built on the basis of the works of five exemplary writers: François Cheng, Gao Xingjian, Dai Sijie, Ya Ding and Shan Sa. Showing particular pertinence with respect to the subject matter, their intercultural dimension is shaped by three major contextual phenomena: the shared memory of China, the exile experience and the confrontation with the French world of publishing
Liu, Tiannan. "L'image de la Chine chez le passeur de culture François Cheng." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030064.
Full textFrançois Cheng is a major and symbolic figure in France and in China as well. He is a dual-culture writer who draws upon two streams of consciousness. His destiny is closely associated with China and the West. His enigmatic introspection can be explained by his Chinese soul and his love for the West. Throughout his life, he constantly pursued reconciliation in the dialogue between Eastern and Western cultures. His writing is strongly coloured by his unique experience of exile and a deep sense of authenticity. On the one hand, he enables us to rediscover a traditional and artistic China, while on the other hand, he describes an old country where innocent people suffered tragically. Thus the image of China that François Cheng draws, proves to be very rich and diverse. The continuous and coherent comparison between both cultures – French and Chinese ‒ reveals the French side of his reflection, his humanist trend and sense of freedom. It is within this symbiosis that we discover François Cheng’s thinking, nurtured by multi-spirituality and inhabited by the dualistic concepts of beauty and evil. This research intends to improve the knowledge we have of Francois Cheng : in search of beauty and dedicated to a constant reflection, he appears a double and indefinable writer : the most Chinese of French writers, and the most French of Chinese writers