Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Carbène de ruthénium'
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Citadelle, Cécilia. "Synthèses de nouveaux catalyseurs de ruthénium pour la métathèse des esters méthyliques d’huiles végétales." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO10083/document.
Full textThe development of efficient ruthenium based catalysts has contributed to the development of olefin metathesis. This reaction catalyzed by tungsten, rhenium or molybdenum complexes, was applied, until now, to non-fonctionalized olefins. The use of ruthenium precursors allowed to broaden range of applications of olefin metathesis owing to their high tolerance to various organic functions. Indeed, methyl esters of vegetable oils can be converted into chemical base by metathesis in the presence of ruthenium based catalysts. In this study, we report ruthenium complexes reactivities for ethenolysis of methyl oleate as well as the design and the characterization of new systems. We describe the synthesis of new ruthenium catalysts containing cyclic alkyl(amino)carbenes and the evaluation of their performances. We show that these precatalysts display interesting catalytic properties for the ethenolysis of methyl oleate. Modifications of the carbenes ligands architecture provide the possibility to create novel catalysts as the functionalization of the isopropoxybenzylidene ligand which allowed immobilization of catalysts in ionic liquid. Besides, attempts to coordinate other ligands, such as fluorenylidène and silylene, able to afford active complexes will be discuss
Citadelle, Cécilia. "Synthèses de nouveaux catalyseurs de ruthénium pour la métathèse des esters méthyliques d'huiles végétales." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00817291.
Full textMenozzi, Candice. "Réduction des liaisons multiples par les silanes et les complexes carbéniques de ruthéniumbTexte imprimé : synthèse d'alcaloïdes de type bis-pyrrolidinoindoline." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066076.
Full textMaerten, Eddy. "Synthèse directe de cétones arylpyridiniques par couplage carbonylant d'halogénopyridines catalysé par des systèmes palladium-carbène N-hétérocycliques et réduction asymétrique des cétones." Lille 1, 2005. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2005/50376-2005-Maerten.pdf.
Full textVovard-Le, Bray Chloé. "Catalyseurs du ruthénium et formation de liaisons carbone-carbone : addition de carbènes aux alcynes." Rennes 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007REN1SA41.
Full textAddition reactions of diazoalcanes to triple bonds, catalysed by the Cp*Ru(cod)Cl complexe, were shown and developed. Clean and selective synthesis of polyfunctional molecules by carbone-carbone bonds formation was realised by triple bonds activation. The catalytic reaction of double addition of trimethylsilyldiazomethane to alkynes leads under mild conditions to 1,3-dienes-1,4-disilylated. The Cp*Ru(cod)Cl complexe in the presence of propargyl carboxylate and trimethylsilyldiazomethane lead to the formation of conjugated functionalised dienes too. The tandem metathesis/cyclopropanation catalytic reaction of enynes and allenynes leads to the formation of bicyclic molecules with a vinylcyclopropane unit
Simon, Marc-Olivier. "Nouvelles perspectives pour la formation de liaisons carbone-carbone et carbone-oxigène : vers des réactions à économie d'atomes et d'étapes catalysées par des complexes de ruthénium." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066527.
Full textRitleng, Vincent. "Fonctionnalisation sélective de liaisons C-H dans des conditions douces : formation de liaisons C-C induites par le ruthénium." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR13101.
Full textBenhamou, Laure. "Ligands carbènes N-hétérocycliques : de la complexation sur le ruthenium(0) aux carbènes anioniques." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1189/.
Full textThis work concerns the use of N-heterocyclic carbenes as ancillary ligands or as active species in catalysis. The first part deals with the chemistry of N-heterocyclic carbenes and their imidazolium precursors with the ruthenium(0) complex Ru(CO)2(PPh3)3 (Roper’s complex). We have shown that these reactions need to be chelation-assisted and the nature of directing group is determinant. It results that the C-H activation in position 2 of the imidazolium salt by the Ru(0) complex occurs only with a precoordinated homoallylic arm on one nitrogen and gives a Ru(II)-alkyl complex with a five-membered metallacycle. A Ru(0)-NHC complex has also been prepared by reaction of the NHC-olefin ligand and the Roper’s complex. The reactivity of this Ru(0)-NHC-olefin complex with acids allowed the observation of intermediates involved in the isomerisation process of the olefinic arm which ultimately led to the five membered metallacycle. The second part of this work focuses on the study of a new five-membered anionic NHC, the imidazol-2-ylidene-4-olate. First, we have developed an easy synthetic method to prepare the imidazolium precursor of this carbene and we have studied its reactivity with electrophiles. Then, we have studied the coordination chemistry of the anionic carbene. In particular we have found a way to functionalize the enolate moiety after complexation on a metal center. According to this method we have synthesized several M-NHC complexes (M = Rh, Cu) with different functional groups on the backbone of the heterocycle. These modifications were found to have a deep influence on the electronic properties of the ligand
Moulin, Solenne. "Addition de carbènes aux alcynes par catalyse au ruthénium : synthèse de dérivés bicycliques d’acides aminés et de diènes fonctionnalisés." Rennes 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN1S150.
Full textAddition of carbenes to alkynes in the presence of the catalyst Cp*Ru(cod)Cl has been developed. This catalytic transformation allowed to reach new polyfonctional molecules by formation of carbon-carbon bonds. Metathesis / cyclopropanation tandem reaction discovered in the laboratory has been applied to aminoacids derivatives enynes and allowed to reach alcenylbicyclo[3. 1. 0]hexanes and alcenylbicyclo[4. 1. 0]heptanes derivatives. The reaction has been applied to enynes obtained from glycine, alanine and leucine, and gived access, in racemic and enantioselective way, to bicyclic amino acids derivatives with cyclopropane moiety. The catalytic tandem reaction has been applied to different 1,6-enynes and 1,7-enynes derived of amino acids and led to the formation of bicyclic trifluoromethyl-aminoesters. The ectivation of a disubstituted propargylic carbonate in the presence of a molecule of diazoalkane led to the formation of conjugated dienes functionalized by a carbonate group. Dienes are obtained after a 1,2-migration of the carbonate group on the carbon of the carbene. This reaction applied to mono substituted or no substituted propargylic carbonates led to the formation of 1,4-bistrimethylsilyl-1,3-butadienes. These dienes were obtained by addition of two molecules of diazoalkane on the triple bond
Arockiam, Percia Beatrice. "Ruthenium (II) catalyzed functionalization of C-H bonds : catalysis in water." Rennes 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN1S171.
Full textIn this doctoral thesis, we have shown that Ru(CO₂R)₂(p-cymene) catalyst the insitu generated from [RuCl₂(p-cymene)]₂ and KCO₂R, acts as an excellent catalyst for ortho C-H bond functionalization of arenes containing an heterocycle (pyridine, oxazoline, pyrazole) with unactivated aryl chlorides in the presence of K₂CO₃ as a base. The reactions were performed in diethyl carbonate (DEC) or in water as a solvent instead of N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), the solvent of choice used in most of ruthenium catalyzed C-H bond transformations. The activity of these catalysts is higher in water than in other organic solvents. We have also disclosed a new catalytic system based on [RuH(codyl)₂]BF₄/2KY(KY: KOAc, KOPiv, KPI) in which the ligand Y promotes the initial cleavage of C-H bonds and the efficiency of this catalytic system depends also on the nature of both substrates involved in the reaction. The directed dehydrogenative alkenylation of N-aryl pyrazoles by styrene and alkyl acrylates catalyzed by Ru(OAc)₂(p-cymene) in the presence of a catalytic or stoichiometric amount of Cu(OAc)₂ H₂O in air is also presented and it is demonstrated that the acetic acid solvent plays a key role. A new method to generate the oxidative homocoupling of N-phenylpyrazole is shown with the Ru(OAc)₂(p-cymene) catalyst
Hervault, Yves-Marie. "Complexes organométalliques de ruthénium riches en carbone : synthèse et études de fils et interrupteurs moléculaires." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00815954.
Full textDi, Piazza Emmanuel. "Nouveaux complexes de ruthénium riches en carbone pour l'élaboration de fils et interrupteurs moléculaires originaux." Rennes 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN1S221.
Full textThe first part of this work deals with the synthesis and characterization of new magnetic redox switches based on the association of paramagnetic units such as nitronyl nitroxide, or copper and manganese compounds with ruthenium carbon-rich acetylides. The aim was to modulate the magnetic properties by changing the oxidation state of the ruthenium center. The second part treats of the association of different trivalent lanthanide ions with acetylide carbon-rich ruthenium complexes in order to achieve the first redox modulation of lanthanide luminescence. The third part deals with the synthesis and the study of new asymmetric bimetallic molecular wires to get an efficient electronic delocalization all over the asymmetric compounds. The last part reports the synthesis and the study of new model compounds in order to further realize the grafting on gold surface of the molecular switches obtained in the first two parts. The aim was to retain the switching properties observed in solution within the SAMs
Martinez, Victor. "Utilisation conjugée de complexes du fer et du ruthénium pour la chimie verte : formation stœchiométrique et catalytique de liaisons carbone-carbone et carbone-azote." Bordeaux 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR12704.
Full textHe, Xiaoyan. "Carbon-rich ruthenium complexes and photochromic units : luminescence and conductivity modulations." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1S117.
Full textThis work is devoted to the synthesis and characterization of novel molecular switches and wires that incorporate ruthenium organometallic moieties. First, a bibliographic chapter presents the advantages and applications of the building blocks used in the following chapters and discuss the general context of molecular electronics. The second part of this manuscript deals with preparation, electrochemical and photophysical studies of bimetallic ruthenium complexes bearing a triarylamine core. The goal is to modulate the luminescence of this core by changing the states of the redox-active ruthenium acetylide moieties. In the third part, combinations of Ln (Ln = Eu or Yb) complexes and redox-active ruthenium vinyl bipyridine moieties were formed in order to tune the luminescence of Ln center via oxidation of the redox-active ruthenium vinyl moieties. The fourth part describes an association of a Ln (Ln = Eu or Yb) precursor and a ligand bearing a dithienylethene (DTE) unit, in order to commute the light emission of the Ln center. These DTE-Ln compounds were successfully synthesized and their luminescence was reversiblely modulated by photo irradiation. In the last part, we report the synthesis of a series of redox-active molecular wires, which are ruthenium (II) bis(σ-arylacetylide) complexes terminated with amine functional groups, one of them including a photochromic DTE unit. These molecules are designed to covalently bridge a gap between graphene electrodes for probing the electrochemical gating of conductance via oxidation of the molecules. Furthermore, the photochromic complex should allow combined optical and electrochemical conductance switching in single molecule graphene junctions
Clavier, Hervé. "Les sels d'imidazolium et d'imidazolinium : synthèses et utilisations en catalyse." Rennes 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005REN1S132.
Full textBaffert, Mathieu. "Synthesis of ruthenium complexes having one or more N-heterocyclic carbene ligands supported on hybrid mesostructured silicas and their use in the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00838661.
Full textLiégault, Benoît. "Transformations catalytiques sélectives : couplage carbone-carbone par catalyse au palladium, hydrogénation par catalyse au rhodium et au ruthénium, nouveaux ligands et aldolisation énantiosélective par organocatalyse." Rennes 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006REN1S071.
Full textPerruchon, Johann. "Activation d'alcynes vrais et d'alcools propargyliques par les complexes du ruthénium : synthèse de nouveaux systèmes organométalliques riches en carbone." Rennes 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN10027.
Full textGatard, Sylvain. "Nouveaux complexes ruthenium-carbene : synthèse et application à l'amorçage de polymérisation par les métallodendrimères." Bordeaux 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR12575.
Full textNawdali, Mostafa. "Hydrogénation des espèces carbonées adsorbées sur des catalyseurs Ru - Al2O3 au cours de la réaction CO - H2 : expérimentation et modélisation cinétique." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10072.
Full textBalloy, David. "Étude et mise en oeuvre des catalyseurs Co et Co+Ru/Al2O3 pour la synthèse de carburants diesel." Compiègne, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997COMP1011.
Full textMarion, Ronan. "Catalyse supportée en flux continu utilisant des feutres de carbone de grande surface spécifique." Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1S130.
Full textThis work is about the synthesis of new copper and ruthenium complexes containing tripodal ligands for application in continuous flow catalysis. These catalysts have been tested in oxidation reactions. A family of N-tripodal ligands has been prepared to determine the influence of several parameters on the catalytic activity such as steric effects, basicity or electronic effects of the substituants. Moreover, these ligands have a functionalized arm, which will be to attach the complexes onto the support. Copper complexes have been tested in homogeneous catalysis and then in continuous flow catalysis in a catechol oxidation reaction to study the influence of their immobilization on their catalytic activity. Once the determining factors in homogeneous medium were identified, a covalent grafting process on graphite felt has been set up. By electrochemical reduction of diazonium salts, a homogeneous and fast functionalization of the graphite felt has been achieved, allowing the chemical attachment of the complexes with volume concentrations around 10-8 mol. Cm-3. Then, continuous flow catalysis has been realized showing better catalytic activities than in homogeneous medium. Studies about the stability and the influence of the chain nature and length have also been performed. A preliminary study on ruthenium catalysts provided the synthesis of a new complex containing a N-tripodal ligand
Audic, Nicolas. "Immobilisation de catalyseurs organométalliques sur supports solubles. Applications en synthèse organique." Rennes 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN10082.
Full textGuérin, David. "Métathèse de fluorooléfines en milieux homogène et hétérogène pour la conception de composés fluorés à haute valeur ajoutée." Caen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CAEN2057.
Full textThe first part of this PhD thesis presents a detailed methodological study for the ring-closing-metathesis (RCM) reaction of fluorinated olefins, in homogeneous medium, involving dienes bearing central amide or oxaza bonds. The key parameters of this reaction have been studied and various substitution strategies, on both terminal olefin positions, have been developed, allowing reaching the best conversion rates ever obtained in terms of fluorinated olefin metathesis. The second part of this book describes the access to (E) fluoropseudopeptides, from -lactams having a fluoroolefin, previously synthesized through ring closing metathesis. A general method for the preparation of a range of Xaa-[(E)CF=CH]-Gly fluoropseudopeptides is presented. The third part of this manuscript is dedicated to a piece of work toward the development of the RCM reaction of fluorinated olefins through supported catalysis, using Bio-Ru-SILP materials. These materials consist of an ionic liquid phase, immobilized on a biodegradable alginate support, wherein a ruthenium catalyst has been dissolved. The results of ring-closing-metathesis experiments leading to
Brousse, Kevin. "Intégration de micro-supercondensateurs à hautes performances sur puce de silicium et substrats flexibles." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30090/document.
Full textThe development of the internet of things, serving the concept of Smart Cities, demands miniaturized energy storage devices. Electrochemical double layer capacitors (or so called EDLCs) are a good candidate as they can handle fast charge and discharge over 1,000,000 cycles. This work focuses on the preparation of high performance micro- supercapacitors using non wet processing routes. Titanium carbide (TiC) thin films were first deposited on silicon wafer by non-reactive DC magnetron sputtering. The deposition parameters, such as pressure and temperature, were optimized to prepare dense and thick TiC films. Then, microporous carbide-derived carbon (CDC) films with sub-nanometer pore diameters were obtained by removing the metallic atoms of the TiC films under chlorine atmosphere. Partial chlorination led to strongly adherent TiC-CDC films which could be used as electrode in aqueous electrolyte. Capacitance values of 205 mF.cm-2 / 410 F.cm-3 were delivered in 1M H2SO4, and were stable over 10,000 cycles. In order to increase the energy density of the on-chip electrodes, the pore sizes were increased to accommodate the larger ions of organic electrolytes, by performing chlorination at higher temperatures. The 700°C chlorinated TiC-CDC electrodes delivered up to 72 mF.cm-2 within a 3 V potential window in an ionic liquid / acetonitrile mixture. Another strategy consisted in the grafting of anthraquinone (AQ) molecules, which brought additional faradic contribution to the capacitive current. Electrochemical grafting by pulsed chronoamperometry allowed to double the TiC-CDC capacitance in aqueous electrolyte (1M KOH). On-chip CDC-based micro-supercapacitors were successfully prepared via reactive ion etching/ inductive coupled plasma procedure followed by chlorination. This non-wet processing route is fully compatible with the microfabrication techniques used in the semi-conductor industry, and the as-prepared micro-devices outperforms the current state of art of on-chip micro-supercapacitors. Aside, the preparation of flexible micro-supercapacitors was achieved via direct laser-writing, which provided a facile and scalable engineering with low cost. Ruthenium oxide (RuO2)-based interdigitated electrodes were obtained from laser-writing of a commercial RuO2.xH2O / cellulose acetate mixture spin-coated onto KaptonTM. Capacitance values of ~30 mF.cm-2 were recorded in 1M H2SO4 for the flexible device. This work open the way for the design of high performance micro-devices at a large scale
Simon, M. O. "Nouvelles perspectives pour la formation de liaisons Carbone-Carbone et Carbone-Oxygène : Vers des réactions à économie d'atomes et d'étapes catalysées par des complexes de Ruthenium." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00608276.
Full textSousa, Joao Fernandes De. "Valorisation chimique de l'amidon de mais par hydrolyse et hydrogenolyse sur un catalyseur solide a base de ruthénium." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPL090N.
Full textMartinez, Rémi. "Fonctionnalisation catalytique d'alcènes : de l'utilisation d'organométalliques à l'activation de liaisons carbone-hydrogène." Phd thesis, Paris 6, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004624.
Full textDesmurs, Pascale. "Complexes hydrures hétérobimétalliques f/d : synthèses, réactivité et applications à la catalyse de polymérisation des diènes et des oléfines." Dijon, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998DIJOS041.
Full textAouad, Samer. "Etude des propriétés physico-chimiques et catalytiques des solides à base de ruthénium : applications dans des réactions d'intérêts environnementaux : oxydation des suies, des COV et vaporeformage du méthanol." Littoral, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007DUNK0202.
Full textRuthenium supported on ceria, alumina and mixed supports catalysts are studied in carbon black combustion, VOC oxidation and steam reforming of methanol. Ruthenium supported on ceria catalysts are active and selective for CO2 formation in oxidation reactions. This is correlated to the presence of two different species of ruthenium oxides in interaction with ceria. These two species are easily reducible at low temperature. It is also showed that the optimal content of ruthenium on ceria is about 1,5wt. %. For higher contents, the reactivity is no more improved due to the formation of RuO2 agglomerates which are less reactive than ruthenium oxides in interaction with ceria. The carbon black oxidation mechanism in the presence of our catalysts begins with the reduction of ruthenium oxide species in interaction with ceria. These species are then oxidized again by reaction with the oxygen present in the gaseous phase. A similar mechanism is envisaged in the oxidation of the VOCs. The thermal effect related to the catalytic oxidation of VOC is then evidenced in the simultaneous combustion of soot and VOC. This result confirms that it is possible to use our catalysts to eliminate soot emitted by Diesel engines and some industries. The positive role of ceria support is pointed out in the steam reforming of methanol reaction. The interaction between ceria and ruthenium seems to be also responsible for the carbon monoxide elimination from reaction products. The presence of palladium improves the H2 selectivity in the reaction
Graux, Lionel. "Nouveaux complexes de ruthénium (II) associés aux Oxydes de Phosphine Secondaire (OPS) : Synthèse, caractérisation et application en catalyse." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4366/document.
Full textThe past decade has witnessed a renewed interest for Secondary Phosphine Oxides (SPO) in catalysis as preligands of transition metals. While the coordination chemistry and catalytic activity of these species have been mainly studied with palladium and platinum, only few examples with ruthenium have been reported so far.We investigated the synthesis of new ruthenium(II) complexes associated to one or two phosphinous acid ligand (PA) (SPO tautomer) which were fully characterised. Then we were interested in the role played by the ligand during the catalytic cycle. The use of different ruthenium sources allowed us to isolate [Ru]/SPO complexes (oxygen coordinated) and [Ru]/PA complexes (phosphorous coordinated). We evaluated the catalytic activities of these well-defined complexes in C-H bond activation and cycloisomerisation from alkynes or ynamides. During the course of these studies, the influence of ligand stereoelectronic parameters in the catalytic process have been demonstrated.Moreover, in a side project, we explored a new reactivity of ynamides with cyclic 1,3-diketones catalysed by palladium, cationic gold or ruthenium complexes. This reactivity gives access to alpha-alkoxysubstituted enamides
Dunand-Sauthier, Marie-Noe͏̈lle. "Propriétés électrochimiques et photochimiques de complexes mono(2,2'-bipyridine) carbonyle de ruthénium (II) : applications à la réduction électrocatalytique du CO2 et à la photoimagerie." Grenoble 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE10105.
Full textElia, Nathalie. "Valorisation énergétique de CO₂ via la méthanation par voie catalytique." Thesis, Littoral, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019DUNK0505/document.
Full textThis study concerns the valorization of carbon dioxide by the methanation process. It aims to develop effectiv catalysts for this reaction. The active species is metallic nickel. Different supports have been studied such as SiO₂, Al₂O₃, MgO, Y₂O₃ and CeO₂. These catalysts were prepared by the dry impregnation method. Initially, the different catalysts were characterized by different physicochemical techniques including X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Temperature Programmed Reduction (TPR-H₂), Temperature Programmed Desorption (TPD-CO₂), nitrogen adsorption (BET method) and hydrogen chemisorption. In a second step, the various catalysts thus prepared were tested in the CO₂ methanation reaction. The Ni/CeO₂ catalysts has the best catalytic performance, among the systems studied. The addition of ruthenium improves the catalytic activity and the stability of the catalysts. The catalyst Ru(0.5%)-Ni(5%)/CeO₂ is the most efficient, it has good catalytic activity and good stability even as a pressure of 10 bar. This makes it advantageous for an industrial application
Wang, Dong. "Nouveaux catalyseurs recyclables pour les réactions de formation de liaisons carbone-carbone et carbone-azote." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0128/document.
Full textCatalysts based on dendrimers and magnetic nanoparticles are becoming increasing utilized in the context of green and sustainable chemistry, because they are easily separated by precipitation or by using asimple magnet respectively, and they are recyclable. In this spirit, the thesis has been devoted to the synthesis, characterization and catalytic applications of iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles-immobilized molecular, nano-and dendritic catalysts involving Ru, Cu and Pd. Magnetically recyclable ruthenium(II) and Cu(I) complexes and Pd nanoparticles have provided excellent catalytic performances in terms of activity, stability and recyclability, using alkyne-azide cycloaddition and carbon-carbon cross coupling reactions. The synthesis of mono-and polymetallic palladium complexes containing the 2-pyridyl-1,2,3-triazole ligand or nonabranch-derived ligands has also been carried out, and their catalytic properties in coupling reactions has been studied
Duteil, Anne. "Colloi͏̈des de métaux de transition stabilisés en solution organique : synthèse et caractérisation." Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU30126.
Full textGosset, Cyrille. "Réactions photorédox appliquées à la valorisation du monoxyde de carbone et du 1,3-butadiène." Thesis, Lille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1R034.
Full textPhotocatalysis field is of great interest because it allows development of eco-friendly processes and use of mild conditions. Many organic and organometallic photocatalysts, such as xanthenes, as well as ruthenium and iridium complexes were then developed. To date, very few examples describe recovery of gases such as carbon monoxide and butadiene by photoredox catalysis. Therefore, the work presented in this thesis has reported synthesis of arylcarboxylic acids and fonctionalisation in position α of aldehydes, photocatalysed respectively by ruthenium tris(bipyridine) and eosin Y, under pressure of carbon monoxide. Valorisation of butadiene has also been described using Meerwein arylation from aryl diazonium salts, associated with Ritter reaction, photocatalysed by ruthenium tris(bipyridine). Meerwein arylation has also been conjugated to nucleophiles other than nitriles, as well as cyclisation steps for dihydroisoquinoleines and isochromanones synthesis. Finally, phtalides synthesis was carried out by intramolecular cyclisation, photocatalysed by 4CzIPN
Dinh, Thi Ty Mai. "Développement de filières technologiques pour la réalisation de micro-supercondensateurs intégrés sur silicium." Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2724/.
Full textThe recent advances in microelectronics have led, during the last decade, to the development of embedded systems, particularly wireless sensor networks. Many applications of these systems (industrial process optimization, traffic and environmental monitoring. . . ) have attracted the attention of researchers and investors. One of the main challenges limiting the implementation of these wireless sensor networks remains the autonomy of energy. Harvesting micro-devices extracting renewable energy from various ambient environmental sources (thermal, mechanical, solar energy) have received in this sense an increasing research interest in recent years, with the objective to obtain autonomous self-powered systems. The harvested energy is usually stored in micro-batteries. However, these devices have low power, limited lifetime and restricted operation temperatures. The use of micro-supercapacitors, as an alternative or a complementary device to micro-batteries, could overcome these limitations. In this thesis, we have focused on the development of technological fields to realize on-chip micro-supercapacitors, with good properties in terms of power and energy density, operating voltage, size and lifetime. High resolution micro-supercapacitors with high performance have been obtained in this thesis. Innovative electrolytes as gels allowed to develop all-solid-state micro-devices, which can be produced on a large scale. Ultra-high specific capacitance has been also obtained by combining materials of high specific surface and materials of high specific capacitance within an electrode. Finally, asymmetric micro-supercapacitors have been developed for extending the potential window and, therefore, improving the energy density of the micro-devices
Saidane, Lamia. "Synthèses Fischer Tropsch : Optimisation des paramètres réactionnels en mode lit fixe." Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA6150.
Full textIn the GTL process, the FTS is the step which transforms the syngas into liquid HC. In catalysis, the interest of using Co/SiC was demonstrated. This work consists in studying the influence of parameters: Treduction, promoters or the nature of the support on the activity. Modifications of the active phase particles size, its reducibility as well as its crystallinity are followed by diverse characterization techniques: XRD, TPR and SEM. The Ru effect on the Co/SiC system enhanced the Co dispersion and consequently the activity. In order to illustrate the best macroscopic shape of β−SiC (foam, pellets and powder), a comparative study on supports was also realized. A second study deals with the chemical nature of supports eg. SiC, Al2O3/SiC and Al2O3. In term of environmental protection, the base idea of this work was to enhance the catalyst life time by its regeneration and its recycling
Chabert-Couchouron, Nathalie. "Synthèse et complexation de ligands acycliques et cycliques à sous-unités ferrocénopyrazoliques." Montpellier 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON20097.
Full textZsoldos, Daniela. "Complexes mono et bis bipyridine carbonyle de ruthénium(II), précurseurs de polymères organométalliques : propriétés électrochimiques et applications à l'électrocatalyse de la réduction du CO2 en milieu aqueux." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE10027.
Full textPolyanskaya, Elena. "Catalyseurs à base de carbones nanodispersés pour l’oxydation catalytique en phase liquide de polluants organiques par l’oxygène ou le peroxyde d’hydrogène." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO10108.
Full textThe performances of pure synthetic carbons with different morphologies and surface chemistry (nano-diamond, onion-like carbon, catalytic filamentous carbons, graphite-like carbon Sibunit, oxidized Sibunit) and carbon-supported Fe or Ru catalysts in the Catalytic Wet Peroxide Oxidation (CWPO) and the Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation (CWAO) of model substrates with distinct sorption tendencies and stabilities towards oxidation (phenol, ethanol, formic acid) were systematically investigated. Metal-free carbon materials are inactive or only very little active in the oxidation of model substrates with H2O2 or oxygen, regardless of their morphology and the concentration of O-containing surface groups. In the presence of Fe(III) ions, graphite-like carbons essentially accelerated the CWPO of organic substrates, whereas NDs inhibited the reaction. An explanation, based on the conduction properties of the material, was proposed. The catalytic activity of the oxidized Sibunit-4 samples in the CWPO in the presence or in the absence of Fe(III) decreased proportionally to the increase of the concentration of surface acidic groups. The oxidation was completely inhibited when the concentration of acidic groups exceeded the concentration of iron in solution because of the sorption of the iron cations on these functional groups. The activity of the Ru/C catalysts in the CWAO of phenol was affected in two different ways upon pre-oxidation of the support: the higher concentration in surface functional groups allowed a better dispersion of the Ru particles, while the oxidation induced a decrease of the surface area which was detrimental to the catalytic activity
Homsi, Doris. "Steam reforming of methane ans ethanol over CoₓMg₆₋ₓAl₂, Ru/CoₓMg₆₋ₓAl₂ and Cu/CoₓMg₆₋ₓAl₂ catalysts." Phd thesis, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00920778.
Full textRoudesly, Fares. "Fonctionnalisation C-H dirigée d'hétérocycles azotés." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS354.
Full textThis thesis work has brought its contribution the field of C-H activation / functionalization of nitrogenous containing rings as pyridine and pyrrole. First, we developed a strategy for a Pd- catalyzed regioselective allylation and alkenylation of azine N-oxides. The scope of this reactivity has been studied. Experimental studies and DFT calculations allowed us to propose a mechanism for the allylation and isomerization steps. We propose that the C-H activation step is the rate determining step of the catalytic cycle, and that it takes place through an outer sphere deprotonation / palladation mechanism. Next, we applied the Murai reaction to 2-pyrrole- carboxaldehyde derivatives using a Ru(0) complex. Under an atmospheric pressure of carbon monoxide, we could obtain the acylated products in the presence of various vinylsilanes and styrenes. The application of this reactivity to other 2-pyrrole carboxaldehyde derivatives is under study in the laboratory
Wang, Chang-Sheng. "Selective catalytic C(sp²)–H and C(sp³)–H bond functionalizations for the synthesis of phosphorus and nitrogen containing molecules." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1S106/document.
Full textIn the first chapter, we have developed an efficient approach for the fast modification of arylphosphine oxides using ruthenium(II)-catalyzed C–H bond functionalization with alkenes. Interestingly, we have found that the selectivity of the reaction, namely alkylation versus alkenylation, is depending on the reaction pH. The reduction of the phosphine oxide allows the formation of aryl phosphines bearing a flexible pendent carboxylate. In the second objective, a copper-catalyzed oxidative C(sp3)–H/N–H coupling of NH-heterocycles with affordable (cyclo)alkanes was developed. This protocol involved C(sp3)–N bond formation via a radical pathway generated by a homolytic cleavage of di-tert-butyl peroxide and trapping of the radical(s) by copper catalyst.In a third part, benzylic C(sp3)–H acyloxylation of 2-alkylpyridine, 2-alkylpyrazine and 2-alkylthiazole compounds was achieved using simple aldehydes via a copper-catalyzed tandem reaction, involving oxidative esterification followed by O-atom transfer. Finally, pyridin-2-ylmethyl tosylate derivatives are obtained in high yields from 2-alkylpyridine N-oxides via a [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement of the adduct between 2-alkylpridine N-oxides with benzenesolfonyl chlorides. Moreover, alkylnitrones also underwant [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement to give α-tosylated ketones after hydrolysis
Stenne, Brice. "Étude de réactivité et de sélectivité de nouveaux catalyseurs à base de ruthénium." Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/3256.
Full textThis research consists in the study of the reactivity and selectivity of new chiral Ru-based olefin metathesis catalysts in ring-closing metathesis (RCM) reactions. The study focused on evaluating new catalysts possessing C1- symmetric NHC (N-heterocyclic carbene) ligands developed in our laboratories for asymmetric desymmetrization reactions of meso-trienes. The research was divided into two distinct sections, the first concerns the asymmetric ring closing metathesis (ARCM) processes that form trisubstituted olefins from meso-trienes. The second concerns the RCM and ARCM processes that form tetrasubstituted olefins from meso-trienes. It can be observed that there is no precedent in the literature concerning the formation of tetrasubstituted olefins via ARCM. During the investigation concerning the formation of trisubstituted olefins, a kinetic study was done to have better understanding of the catalyst selectivity. With this study in hand, it was possible to observe the effect induced by the N-alkyl group on the catalysts’ reactivity. A selectivity study was done to observe if the Nalkyl group could affects the catalysts’ selectivity. These investigations were done using a variety of meso-trienes in desymmetrization reactions to afford trisubstituted olefins. Concerning the formation of tetrasubstituted olefins, the catalysts’ reactivity was investigated in RCM processes involving diethyldimethallyl malonates. Once again, an effect induced by the N-alkyl group was observed concerning the reactivity of the catalysts. A selectivity study was performed. As for ARCM processes forming trisubstituted olefins, the N-alkyl group also had an impact on the selectivity of the catalysts. This investigation was done with ARCM desymmetrization of meso-trienes.