Relevant bibliographies by topics / Carbon Brushes

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Carbon Brushes'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 27 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Carbon Brushes"

1

Solberg, T. A. "CARBON BRUSHES." Journal of the American Society for Naval Engineers 39, no. 4 (March 18, 2009): 636–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-3584.1927.tb04231.x.

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2

Kim, Yong Sun, Hong Gun Kim, Sang Cheol Ko, and Lee Ku Kwac. "Analysis of Plasma Ion Distribution and Dust Collection Efficiency of Carbon-Brush Air Purifiers." Applied Sciences 13, no. 4 (February 6, 2023): 2101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13042101.

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In recent years, many studies on air purifiers have been conducted, as particulate matter and virus issues have emerged. In this study, the ion concentration distribution in an air purifier that applies a high voltage was investigated through simulation. For a single carbon brush that applied a high voltage of –8.5 kV, the simulation results of the ion concentration distribution in the ground direction were compared with the result of the experiment and an error of 4.3% was observed, thereby confirming the reliability of the simulation. On this basis, the ion concentration distribution was calculated according to the number and location of the brushes. In addition, the charging number was calculated by applying the charging mechanism to the distributed dust particles, and the dust collection efficiency was calculated by conducting particle multiphysics analysis. The dust collection efficiency increased from 0.5% to 1% as the number of brushes increased, and the dust collection efficiency was 82% when there were two brushes and 83% when there were four brushes. In the proposed modeling, the location of the brushes is more important than the number of brushes. These results are expected to provide more accurate design information for the number and location of brushes applicable to an air purifier.
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Su, Na, Houbin Li, Yu Huang, and Xiongzhi Zhang. "Synthesis of Salt Responsive Spherical Polymer Brushes." Journal of Nanomaterials 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/956819.

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A facile preparation of novel salt responsive spherical polymer brushes (SPB) consisting of a carbon spheres core and a shell of sodium polystyrene sulfonate (PSSNa) was described. The SPB were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The radiusRof carbon spheres and hydrodynamic radiusRhof SPB were ca. 370 nm and 785 nm, respectively. The brushes hadMwof 393600 g/mol with polydispersityMw/Mnof 1.58. Furthermore, the dependence of PSSNa brushes on ionic strength and pH was investigated.
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Zhang, Rui, Lixiao Liu, Yicun Wen, Yu Cang, Guixin Shi, Yingyi Zhao, Xiaoling Liu, et al. "Phase Behaviours of Polybutadiene–Polyacrylic Acid Brushes in Compressed Carbon Dioxide." Australian Journal of Chemistry 68, no. 8 (2015): 1255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch14579.

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Our present work investigated the phase behaviour of polybutadiene–poly acrylic acid (PB–PAA) brushes–solvent–CO2 ternary system in detail. The phase separation pressures increased with increasing temperatures and solid contents of PB–PAA solution, and decreased with increasing sizes of the brushes. Considering that the expansion of water was much smaller than that of ethanol by compressed CO2, a higher cloud point pressure of CO2 could be employed to reach the phase separation when water was added as the co-solvent. Owing to the penetration of CO2 into the periphery of the shell, the chains of the polymer brushes initially shrank and then turned to aggregations before finally precipitating upon CO2 addition. Our results provide a simple and effective way for separation and recovery of polymer brushes that could promote a wider range of their applications.
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Cao, Anyuan, Vinod P. Veedu, Xuesong Li, Zhaoling Yao, Mehrdad N. Ghasemi-Nejhad, and Pulickel M. Ajayan. "Multifunctional brushes made from carbon nanotubes." Nature Materials 4, no. 7 (June 12, 2005): 540–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat1415.

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6

Steenackers, Marin, Rainer Jordan, Alexander Küller, and Michael Grunze. "Engineered Polymer Brushes by Carbon Templating." Advanced Materials 21, no. 28 (July 27, 2009): 2921–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.200900500.

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7

Rabah, Mahmoud A. "Recovery of Nanoparticles of Metal Values from Spent Metallized Graphite Brushes and Slip Rings." Advanced Materials Research 1101 (April 2015): 203–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1101.203.

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This work provides a method to recover monolayer metal values having nanoparticle in size from spent metalized graphite brushes. The recovered metals are supported on porous glassy carbon substrate by chemical or electro deposition process. The chemical method involves crushing and grinding of the spent brushes to pass 200 mesh. Magnetic separation removed magnetic susceptible metals such as iron. Nonferrous metals were leached using 3N nitric acid in hot conditions. Hydroxide gel of the dissolved metals generated with 1N ammonium hydroxide. The carbon substrate was multi-impregnated with metals hydroxide 3-4 times. In each time, the loaded carbon was dried. Free metals on the carbon substrate are obtained by reducing the hydroxide with hydrazine hydrate or by thermal reduction using hydrogen gas at 900°C. In the electro deposition process, ground spent brushes were packed in a polyethylene cloth used as anode. The electrolyte is 3M of sulfate salt of the metal of concern. Pulse current cyclic voltmetric technique was applied to control the particle diameter and thickness of the deposited metal. Results revealed that monolayer silver and copper of nanoparticles has been successfully prepared from spent metalized graphite brushes. Electro deposition is more friendly environment procedure and more convenient, less cost and more precise.
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Hausmann, Maximilian, Tobias Schirra, and Eckhard Kirchner. "Analysis of the Electrical Impedance of Graphite and Silver Graphite Carbon Brushes for Use in the Impedance Measurement of Sensory Utilizable Machine Elements." Machines 11, no. 11 (November 3, 2023): 1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines11111009.

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The ongoing digitalization of processes and products in mechanical engineering is accompanied by an increasing demand for data. In order to provide this data, technical systems are being extended with sensory functions. To supply those sensory functions on rotating elements—such as shafts—with electrical energy, and to be able to transmit signals out of the system, sliding contacts can be used as a cost-effective and established solution. However, if electrical properties of machine elements are utilized for sensing purposes, such as condition monitoring of rolling element bearings by means of impedance measurement, sliding contacts are directly in the measurement path and can thus influence the measured impedance. The aim of this paper is to analyze the impedance of graphite and silver graphite carbon brushes under different rotational speeds, in different positions, and with different carrier frequencies. The material of the carbon brushes as well as the position have significant effects on the impedance behavior. Furthermore, carbon brushes show a significant running-in behavior. The results are discussed, and indications for use in impedance measurements are given. Silver graphite carbon brushes in axial positioning are particularly suitable for impedance measurements of sensory utilizable machine elements. Sufficient running-in time must be considered.
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Bin, Liu. "Simulation analysis of local temperature field of electric propulsion slip ring." Vibroengineering Procedia 54 (April 4, 2024): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.21595/vp.2023.23814.

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The temperature at which the carbon brushes and the structure of the rings in the electric propulsion slip ring operate has a crucial influence on the safe and reliable operation of the ship. In order to control the temperature of the local structure of the electric propulsion slip ring, this study established a carbon brush and ring piece model through finite element simulation analysis and designed a five-factor, four-level orthogonal test to derive the sensitivity of the final temperature influence factor: initial temperature > current > wind speed > pressure > speed; the optimal combination of parameters is obtained: initial temperature 35 °C, pressure 25 N, speed 5 rpm, wind speed 0.20 m/s, and current 40 A, and the optimal parameters are substituted for the temperature field simulation. The results show that the relatively large area of temperature is distributed on the carbon brushes with a maximum value of 58.3 °C, which is relatively reasonable in size and distribution; the relatively large area of potential is distributed on the carbon brushes, the maximum value of which is 0.3V The entire potential distribution is symmetrical, indicating a reasonable current path; the relatively large area of current density distribution is on the carbon brushes with a value of 64.7 A/cm2, the entire current density distribution is symmetrical and corresponds to the potential distribution, which, together with the frictional rotation, corresponds to the temperature distribution, indicating that the simulation results have a certain degree of reliability.
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Zhang, Ning, Marin Steenackers, Robert Luxenhofer, and Rainer Jordan. "Bottle-Brush Brushes: Cylindrical Molecular Brushes of Poly(2-oxazoline) on Glassy Carbon." Macromolecules 42, no. 14 (July 28, 2009): 5345–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma900329y.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Carbon Brushes"

1

Lee, Sangbok. "Effects of vibrations on friction and wear of automobile disc brake pads and electric motor carbon brushes /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Hutter, Naima A., Marin Steenackers, Andreas Reitinger, Oliver A. Williams, Jose A. Garrido, and Rainer Jordan. "Nanostructured polymer brushes and protein density gradients on diamond by carbon templating." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-138812.

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Micro- and nanostructured polymer brushes on diamond can be directly prepared by carbon templating and amplification of the latent structures by photografting of a broad variety of vinyl monomers such as styrenes, acrylates and methacrylates. Even template structures with lateral dimensions as small as 5 nm can be selectively amplified and defined polymer brush gradients of a variety of functional polymers are realizable by this technique. Furthermore, conjugation with a model protein (GFP) results in protein density gradients of high loading and improved chemical stability. The effective functionalization of chemically and biologically inert diamond surfaces with stable functional polymer brushes, the possibility of structuring by the carbon templating technique and the direct biofunctionalization are crucial steps for the development of diamond based biosensors
Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich
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Hutter, Naima A., Marin Steenackers, Andreas Reitinger, Oliver A. Williams, Jose A. Garrido, and Rainer Jordan. "Nanostructured polymer brushes and protein density gradients on diamond by carbon templating." Royal Society of Chemistry, 2011. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27783.

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Micro- and nanostructured polymer brushes on diamond can be directly prepared by carbon templating and amplification of the latent structures by photografting of a broad variety of vinyl monomers such as styrenes, acrylates and methacrylates. Even template structures with lateral dimensions as small as 5 nm can be selectively amplified and defined polymer brush gradients of a variety of functional polymers are realizable by this technique. Furthermore, conjugation with a model protein (GFP) results in protein density gradients of high loading and improved chemical stability. The effective functionalization of chemically and biologically inert diamond surfaces with stable functional polymer brushes, the possibility of structuring by the carbon templating technique and the direct biofunctionalization are crucial steps for the development of diamond based biosensors.
Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
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Lankshear, Ethan Robert. "Covalently anchored polymerisation initiator monolayers for polymer brush growth." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Chemistry, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/10415.

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This thesis describes the covalent modification of carbon electrodes with a monolayer of polymerisation initiators and the growth of polymer brushes by surface initiated atom transfer radical polymerisation (SI-ATRP). Monolayer modification was sought to preserve the underlying electrode properties and topography and to produce a well-organised layer from which the polymer brushes can be grown. This work investigated two approaches for immobilising a monolayer of polymerisation initiators. Firstly, the electrochemical grafting of protected aryl diazonium salts produced a covalently anchored monolayer of tether groups that can participate in subsequent amide coupling and click reactions, to covalently anchor the polymerisation initiator. Secondly, specific reactions between the electrode surface and appropriate polymerisation initiator derivatives have been used to covalently anchor the initiators. For most systems, electro-active ferrocene (Fc) groups were reacted with modified surfaces as model reactants to enable the electrochemical estimation of the surface concentration of the polymer initiator groups. Film thickness measurements of the ethynylaryl (Ar-Eth) monolayer were carried out using atomic force microscopy confirming a monolayer. XPS analysis confirmed the presence of bromine on most of the polymerisation initiator modified samples. Modification of surfaces with polymer brushes can introduce new surface properties, such as switchable wettability, while maintaining the underlying bulk substrate properties. This work focused on examining SI-ATRP at each of the polymerisation initiator monolayers, with the aim to identify the most promising system(s) for further investigation. Polymer brushes of poly(3-(methacryloylamino)propyl)-N,N’-dimethyl(3-sulfopropyl)-ammonium hydroxide) (PMPDSAH) were grown from initiators tethered through the aryl diazonium salts modification procedure. Redox probe voltammetry and XPS analysis indicated that the grafting from polymerisation by the copper catalysed SI-ATRP was successful. Polymer brushes of poly(methyl methacrylate) PMMA were grown from the Ar-Eth modified monolayer by three SI-ATRP procedures: a standard procedure, an electrochemically mediated SI-ATRP method and a one-pot copper catalysed azide-alkyne click (CuAAC) reaction and SI-ATRP reaction from the Ar-Eth monolayer. Redox probe voltammetry and AFM images provided evidence for the growth of polymer brushes by these three methods. The successful one-pot CuAAC/SI-ATRP reaction for simultaneous coupling of the polymerisation initiator to the surface and polymerisation is a new approach for the production of polymer brushes and it minimises the number of surface modification steps needed. This method appears most promising for further development.
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Chazalon, Philippe. "Etudes des variations de la résistance électrique du contact Balai-Bague de l'alternateur." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00969169.

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Dans une automobile, les composants électriques sont alimentés par un type de générateur électrique particulier : l'Alternateur. Entraîné par le moteur du véhicule, il lui prélève donc de la puissance mécanique. Dans les périodes de chasse au gramme de CO2 que nous connaissons, la puissance prélevée au moteur doit être minimisée pour ne pas pénaliser sa consommation. Or les besoins électriques du réseau de bord et des systèmes (éclairage, ventilation, servitudes, contrôle moteur, etc.) sont imposés par l'équipement du véhicule. Il est apparu que dans les cas où l'alternateur est fortement sollicité, des pertes de performances peuvent être imputées au circuit d'excitation de la machine. Il comporte deux contacts électriques glissants balai-bague qui ont été incriminés. Du point de vue théorique aucun élément ne permettait d'expliquer les augmentations brutales de résistance de ces contacts, nous avons donc développé une méthode de mesure originale destinée à rechercher des paramètres influents sur leurs variations. Il nous a été impossible de faire une mesure de l'épaisseur film de transfert et d'identifier les quantités de graphite, nature et quantité des oxydes en présence dans le film. Cependant, nous avons estimé la pertinence de l'hypothèse du rôle de l'oxydation et avons surtout pu isoler le rôle du film de transfert dans l'expression des résistances de contact. Nous avons, de plus, mis en évidence la corrélation existant entre les résistances de contact et le coefficient de frottement pour les deux contacts.
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Cvak, Jan. "Využití mikroskopu k diagnostice struktury materiálu a poruch u el. zařízení." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-221280.

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The goal of this thesis is to describe the possibility of using a microscope for documentation defects and innovation of electrical machines. I used an electron microscope to document carbon brushes and nanomaterials for possible upgrade of the sliding contact. Use microscopes gives us detailed information about the structure of materials, at the largest stress of the electrical machine. Based on the collected data can be further analyzed and innovation of the carbon brush.
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Khan, Miftah Uddin. "Synthesis of polymer nanocomposites via in-situ emulsion polymerization from functionalized nanomaterials." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/15999.

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Dual step process for nanomaterials functionalization was developed; the first step improved the dispersibility of the nanomaterial to assist improving efficiency of the second step, reaction with oleic acid in mild condition. The functionalization was efficient for CNT (carbon nanotubes) and silica, which assisted to utilize in-situ emulsion polymerization, not commonly reported though a versatile technique, to synthesize PS/CNT and PS/silica composites. Investigation revealed improvement of nanocomposites properties and potential for practical application. For the investigated properties, oleic acid functionalization showed superiority. The pH effect on raw CNT dispersion was found to improve the CNT dispersion, which was utilized to substitute the first step of the developed dual step approach of CNT functionalization. Organic acids, i.e., methacrylic acid and acrylic acid were investigated as functionalizing agents for CNT functionalization, and found effective via relevant investigation. Chain transfer agent (CTA) was introduced in nanocomposite syntheses with oleic acid functionalized CNT to investigate its effect, which reduced the molar mass. The major difference between the nanocomposites with or without CTA was the absence of free CNT for nanocomposites with CTA. This influenced the nanocomposites properties substantially. The electrical properties of PS/CNT nanocomposites with or without CTA were tested via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), which were found altered at wide frequency range. The measurements and modeled electrical equivalent circuits (EEC) explained the structural orientation of the CNT in nanocomposites, which was in agreement with the microscopic images. Finally, polymer brush nanocomposites were synthesized via in-situ emulsion polymerization, not commonly reported for such synthesis. Oleic acid functionalized CNT were further modified via organo silane chemistry. The developed synthesis scheme was confirmed via identification of the functional groups and polymer attachment on CNT surface. Synthesized polymer brush nanocomposites displayed enhanced thermal and gas adsorption property.
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Recco, Lucas Custódio [UNESP]. "Produção de Sensor Polimérico reforçado com Nanotubos de Carbono." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/144674.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Neste trabalho foram estudadas síntese e caracterização de filmes finos híbrido de polímeros escovas constituídos de polieletrolíticos reforçados com nanotubos de carbono sobre o substrato de óxido de índio e estanho (ITO). Para a caracterização das superfícies dos filmes foram utilizadas as técnicas de microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), energia dispersiva de raio-x (EDX) e espectroscopia Raman. Foram avaliadas diferentes propriedades estímulo-responsivas dos polímeros escovas que levam a modificações estruturais dos filmes como a influência de pH e da força iônica. Os polímeros escolhidos como modelos foram os polímeros Poli (Vinil Imidazol)-(PVI) e Poli (Àcido Acrilíco)-(PAA). Os ensaios eletroquímicos evidenciaram uma dependência da conformação dos polímeros escovas com a variação de pH e da força iônica e também revelaram o aumento da capacitância desses polímeros quando reforçados com os nanotubos de carbono, sendo que, o PVI obteve melhor resposta quando exposto a pH ácido, uma vez que suas cadeias poliméricas estavam estendidas e carregadas positivamente, permitindo a difusão da espécie redox carregada negativamente até a superfície do eletrodo. O PAA também obteve melhor resposta em meio ácido. Nesse caso as cadeias colapsadas aproximam os tubos do transdutor (ITO), facilitando a troca do par redox. Após a caracterização dos referidos polímeros, os mesmos foram testados como sensores para o monitoramento de hormônios e neurotransmissores que desempenham funções importantes no nosso organismo.
This study describes the synthesis and characterization of hybrid polyelectrolyte based on polymer brush reinforced multi-layer type carbon nanotubes. The characterization of the thin films we used the scanning electron microscopy techniques (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) and Raman spectroscopy . The influence of pH and ionic strength were evaluated by electrochemical technique. The polymers Poly (vinyl imidazole) - (PVI) and poly (acrylic acid) - (PAA) were used as matrix brush for anchoring the nanotubes. Electrochemical tests showed a dependence of the conformation of the brush polymers with pH change and ionic strength, and also showed the increase in capacitance of these polymers when reinforced with carbon nanotubes, and the PVI obtained a better response when exposed to acidic pH since its polymer chains were extended and positively charged, allowing the diffusion of negatively charged redox species to the electrode surface. The PAA also obtained better response in acid. In this case the collapsed chains near the transducer tubes (ITO) facilitate the electrons transference. The made electrodes were applied to monitor hormones and neurotransmitters that play important functions in our body.
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Outirba, Bilal. "Experimental study of the performance and endurance of carbon fiber brush seals for aero-engines bearing chambers." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/258495.

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Over the last decades, it has been progressively acknowledged that reducing the specific fuel consumption and the emission of pollutants as well as improving the thrust-to-weight ratio involves extensive research on advanced sealing technologies. Amongst these, brush seals are particularly well considered for their excellent leakage performance, their low friction properties, and their ability to cope with inevitable rotor excursions during flights. This thesis presents the experimental work that has been carried on in order to characterize carbon brush seals performance in function of the bristle pack geometry and the operating conditions. The analyzed parameters are the bristle free length, the density, and the inter-platedistance. The work, performed by the ULB in collaboration with French engine manufacturer Safran Aircraft Engines, provides first, a description of the test installation that reproduces accurately the severe working conditions encountered in a bearing chamber. A total of eight samples were submitted to extensive testing, and allowed to perform a qualitative analysis of the main performance indicators of a brush seal: the leakage flow, and the seal torque. Complex phenomena acting on the bristle pack were put in evidence under the effect of differential pressure androtation speed, and oil, which fundamentally deteriorate the leakage performance of a brush seal. Subsequently, performance models were developed through empirical correlations, based on the experimental data. They predict the leakage flow and the seal torque as a function of the geometrical parameters and operating conditions. In addition, hysteresis issues were also addressed, and an IR camera helped investigating the heat generation properties of a brush seal.Brush seal samples were submitted to endurance testing, in order to highlight wear mechanisms, and study the performance degradation with the operating time. Oil plays a major part in extending brush seals operating life, despite the leakage performance degradation. Finally, the correlations developed throughout the PhD thesis were used to develop an optimization process in function of the operating conditions of a modern aero-engine. Ultimately, large savings in air consumption were put in evidence when replacing labyrinth seals by brush seals.
Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur et technologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Pavlík, Ondřej. "Návrh kompozitní objímky rotoru vysokootáčkového rotačního stroje." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-382567.

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The diploma thesis focuses on manufacturing carbon fiber and epoxy composite material using filament winding method. Material properties of manufactured composite are ap-proximated using analytical and numerical homogenization models. Calculated material properties are applied to design and evaluate reserve factor of retaining sleeve for high speed brushless permanent magnet synchronous motor. Margin of safety of designed rotor is evaluated using composite failure criteria. Test stand for both static and dynamic testing is designed, static test stand is manufactured and assembled. Static strength test is carried out.
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Books on the topic "Carbon Brushes"

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Roberto, Fantechi, Ghazi A. 1940-, Commission of the European Communities., and Commission of the European Communities. Directorate-General for Science, Research, and Development., eds. Carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases: Climatic and associated impacts : proceedings of a symposium organized by the Commission of the European Communities, Directorate General for Science, Research, and Development and held in Brussels from 3-5 November 1986. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1989.

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European Commission. Directorate General for Research. Towards a "post-carbon society": European research on economic incentives and social behavior : conference proceedings, Brussels, 24 October 2007. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2008.

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Parker, Philip M. The World Market for Carbon Electrodes, Carbon Brushes, Lamp Carbons, Battery Carbons, and Other Carbon Articles Used for Electric Purposes: A 2007 Global Trade Perspective. ICON Group International, Inc., 2006.

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The World Market for Carbon Electrodes, Carbon Brushes, Lamp Carbons, Battery Carbons, and Other Carbon Articles Used for Electric Purposes: A 2004 Global Trade Perspective. Icon Group International, Inc., 2005.

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Parker, Philip M. The 2007-2012 World Outlook for Carbon and Graphite Brushes, Contacts, and Brush Plates. ICON Group International, Inc., 2006.

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The 2006-2011 World Outlook for Carbon and Graphite Brushes, Contacts, and Brush Plates. Icon Group International, Inc., 2005.

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I Never Thought I'd GROW up to BE a Super Cool ASSEMBLER-CARBON BRUSHES: But HERE I AM Living the Dream ! Independently Published, 2021.

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The 2006-2011 World Outlook for Carbon and Graphite Brush Plates. Icon Group International, Inc., 2005.

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Parker, Philip M. The 2007-2012 World Outlook for Carbon and Graphite Brush Plates. ICON Group International, Inc., 2006.

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Trevor C, Hartley. Part II Jurisdiction, 8 Special Jurisdiction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198729006.003.0008.

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This chapter considers the rules of special jurisdiction contained in Article 7 of Brussels 2012 and Article 5 of Lugano 2007, rules that apply when the defendant is domiciled in another EU or Lugano State. Topics discussed include rules on contract; tort, delict, and quasi-delict; civil claims in criminal proceedings; recovery of cultural objects; branch, agency, or other establishments; trusts; salvage of a cargo or freight; and claims for maintenance. The rules discussed are all subject to an exception where the courts of another Member State have exclusive jurisdiction, under Brussels 2012, Article 24 or 25, or where another Section of Title II of the Regulation sets out a complete code of provisions with regard to a given subject.
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Book chapters on the topic "Carbon Brushes"

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Gabrielli, G., and G. Schweitzer. "Nonlinear Vibrations of Carbon Brushes Sustained by Thermoelastic Effects of the Slipring." In Nonlinear Dynamics in Engineering Systems, 83–90. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83578-0_11.

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Golden, Eve. "18." In Jayne Mansfield, 198–207. University Press of Kentucky, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9780813180953.003.0018.

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In early 1962, Jayne and Mickey are nearly killed in a boating accident, which the press brushes off as a publicity stunt. Jayne's years on many TV quiz shows and talk shows will be covered here (The Match Game, What's My Line?, I've Got a Secret, Jack Paar, Johnny Carson).
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Haggh, Barbara. "Busnoys and ‘Caron’ in Documents from Brussels." In Antoine Busnoys, 295–316. Oxford University PressOxford, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198164067.003.0012.

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Abstract Avisitor to Brussels today can hardly imagine what the city must have been like when the court of Burgundy resided there. With the exception of the newly restored St Michael’s Cathedral (formerly the collegiate church of St Gudula), only a few black and encrusted churches remain, traffic swirls around the Coudenberg where the palace once stood, and part of the church of St Jan1cs, which was visited by the court on solemn occasions, now houses a bank.
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O’Hara, Kieron. "Smart Cities and the Internet of Things." In Four Internets, 218–28. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197523681.003.0019.

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The Internet of Things is created by giving Internet connections to objects embedded in the environment, including wearable items. When IoT devices are connected and coordinated in an urban environment, smart cities are created, which can allow control of the environment, for example to improve carbon emissions or traffic flow. Instrumentation of the environment creates problems of consent, privacy, security, safety, and trust. The status of the IoT with respect to Internet ideology is discussed. The Silicon Valley Open Internet supports citizen-centric development, but may lack coordination at scale. The DC Commercial Internet creates great power for platforms. The Brussels Bourgeois Internet values rights and privacy, which may suppress innovation. In China, India, and elsewhere, smart cities are seen as key to developing a paternal social vision under digital modernity. Given its key role in the IoT, this is where America’s battle against Huawei may be most consequential.
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Grest, Gary S., and Michael Murat. "Computer Simulations of Tethered Chains." In Monte Carlo and Molecular Dynamics Simulations in Polymer Science, 476–578. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195094381.003.0009.

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Abstract The study of tethered polymer chains1 is an area which has received increasing attention in recent years. These are systems in which one or both ends of the chain are constrained in their motion because they are attached to a ddimensional surface. This surface could be a point or small central core (d = 0) as in the case of a many-arm star polymer, a line (d = 1) as in the case of a comb polymer, or a flat surface (d = 2) as in the case of a polymer brush. Polymers attached to themselves to form a polymer network or a tethered membrane are also examples of tethered chain systems.
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Alvelos, Filipe, Isabel Martins, Susete Marques, Mariana Dias, Eduardo Cunha, and David Neto. "Optimization with fire spread simulation for forest management." In Advances in Forest Fire Research 2022, 309–14. Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-2298-9_49.

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We propose a method for forest management in which wildfire is modeled explicitly through the integration of optimisation and simulation. Given a forest, the decision problem is to select a plan (i.e. a prescription and a periodicity for brush cleaning) for each of its stands. Each plan is associated with values for a set of criteria for each period of the temporal horizon. Considered criteria are net present value, biodiversity, carbon stock, and erosion. The problem is modelled by a mixed integer programming (MIP) with the objective of maximizing the net present value and imposing limits for the remaining criteria. A fire spread simulator, based on shortest path algorithms following the minimum travel time principle, is responsible to identify sets of plans that are not acceptable together as they result in a high rate of fire spread. That information is included in the MIP as constraints. This cycle optimization-simulation is repeated until the plans provided by the MIP are acceptable in all scenarios. Data from a real landscape case-study has been collected and processed to obtain management and fire parameters required to validate the proposed method, which is being implemented in Python (with Gurobi as a MIP solver, GeoPandas for managing and processing geospatial data, and NetworkX implementation of graph algorithms).
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"Figure 8: Mass loss curves for mortar prisms immersed in aggressive soft water (containing 500 ppm carbon dioxide). The prisms were brushed fortnightly to remove the attacked layer." In Protection of Concrete, 42–44. CRC Press, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482267037-11.

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McCORMICK, D. B., D. M. BOWERS-KOMRO, J. L. BONKOSVKSY, C. LARSEN, and Z. ZHANG. "Characteristics of a Transporter for Uptake of Vitamin B6 into Mammalian Cells: Isolation of B6 -Binding Proteins from Brush-Border Membranes of Rat Renal Proximal Tubular Epithelial Cells." In Enzymes Dependent on Pyridoxal Phosphate and Other Carbonyl Compounds As Cofactors, 609–11. Elsevier, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-040820-0.50128-x.

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"minutes retention depending on the oil processed. Then, Synthetic silica hydrogels: Described in the immediately the oil is heated to 70°C, (158°F) to assist "breaking" the preceding section. emulsion and the mixture is passed through a primary (first) centrifuge. The general dosage of acid-activated bleaching earths is 0.3-0.6%, depending on the quality of the oil and bleach-In contrast, the short-mix process, developed in Europe, ing earth. Bleaching earths provide catalytic sites for de-is conducted at 90°C (84°F), uses a more highly concen-composition of oxidation products. Peroxide values (mea-trated caustic, and a mixing time and primary centrifuging sure of aldehydes) and p-anisidine values (precursors for time of less than 1 minute [135]. Less heat damage to the oxidative degradation) first rise and then decrease during oil and higher refining yield are claimed by advocates of bleaching. Bleaching processes used include atmospheric the long mix process. batch, vacuum batch, and continuous vacuum. Vacuum 4. Silica Absorption bleaching has the advantage of excluding air, partially by In traditional refining, oil from the primary centrifuge is vaporization of water in the earth, and is recommended. A washed with warm soft water to remove residual soap and typical vacuum bleaching process is 20-30 minimum at passed through a (secondary) centrifuge. The washed oil 100-110°C (212-230°F) and 50 mmHg absolute [135]. then is dried under vacuum. However, disposal of wash The reactions catalyzed during bleaching continue into water is increasingly becoming a problem, and the indus-the filter bed and are known as the "press bleaching ef-try is shifting to a modified caustic "waterless" refining fect." The reactive components of oil remain in the bleach-process. Soaps poison the adsorption sites of clays in later ing bed. Care should be taken to "blow" the filter press as bleaching operations and are removed by silica hydrogels. free of oil as possible and to wet the filter cake (which can The oil may be degummed with use of chelating acids, be very dusty) to prevent spontaneous combustion [137]. caustic neutralized, passed through a primary centrifuge, At this point, the product is RB ("refined, bleached") and may be partially vacuum-dried. Synthetic silica hy-oil. If the intended product is an oil, it can be sent to the de-drogels, effective in removing 7-25 times more phos-odorizer and become RBD. If solids are desired, the solids-phatides and soaps than clay on a solids basis, and for re-temperature profile of the oil may be modified by hydro-moving phosphorus and the major metal ions, is added genation, interesterification, or chill fractionation, alone or and mixed with the oil. By absorbing these contaminants in combination. first, the bleaching clay is spared for adsorbing chloro-6. Hydrogenation phyll and the oxidation-degradation products of oil Hydrogenation is the process of adding hydrogen to satu-[136-138]. rate carbon-to-carbon double bonds. It is used to raise try-5. Bleaching glyceride melting points and to increase stability as by jective of bleaching is to remove various contami-converting linolenic acid to linoleic in soybean oil [141]. A The ob lighter, "brush" hydrogenation is used for the latter pur-nants, pigments, metals, and oxidation products before the pose. oil is sent to the deodorizer. Removal of sulfur is especial-Most of the catalysts that assist hydrogenation are nick-ly important before hydrogenation of canola and rapeseed el-based, but a variety is available for special applications. oils. Flavor of the oil also is improved. As mentioned in the "Selectivity" refers to ability of the catalyst and process to preceding section, silica hydrogels will adsorb many of sequentially saturate fatty acids on the triglycerides in the these contaminants and spare the bleaching earth. Howev-order of most unsaturated to the fully saturated. For row er, earths are still used for these purposes in installations crop oils, perfect selectivity would be: that have not adopted hydrated silicas. Types of bleaching materials available include [136,139,140]: C18:3 C18:2 C18:1 Linolenic acid Linoleic acid Oleic acid Neutral earths: Basically hydrated aluminum silicates, sometimes called "natural clays" or "earths," and C18:0 fuller's earth, which vary in ability to absorb pigments. Stearic acid Acid-activated earths: Bentonites or montmorillonites, Although typical hydrogenation is not selective, it can be treated with hydrochloric or sulfuric acid to improve favored to a limited degree by selection of catalyst and by their absorption of pigments and other undesirable temperature and pressure of the process. Efficient hydro-components, are most commonly used. genation requires the cleanest possible feed stock (without Activated carbon: Expensive, more difficult to use, but of soaps, phosphatides, sulfur compounds, carbon monoxide, special interest for adsorbing polyaromatic hydrocar-nitrogen compounds, or oxygen-containing compounds) bons from coconut and fish oils. and the purest, driest hydrogen gas possible [140]." In Handbook of Cereal Science and Technology, Revised and Expanded, 361–73. CRC Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420027228-35.

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Conference papers on the topic "Carbon Brushes"

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Asmatulu, R., M. J. Holle, and H. E. Misak. "Effects of Hardness on the Lifetime of Graphite Brushes Used for Aircraft Starter Generators." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-93464.

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This study is focused on the relationship between the hardness of three different carbon/graphite brushes (A, B and C), the wear rate of the brushes and heat generated within a 400 Amp starter generator. The method being proposed was to alternate the starter generator from the starting mode and the generating mode, and run each carbon/graphite brush in the starter generator for a set time and document the wear rates, heat generations and surface morphology changes. The hypothesis was that either excess carbon dust caused arcing, or the energy required to form the carbon dust was releasing too much heat, and thus the brush was too hard. An optical microscope, AFM, and SEM were used in the analysis of the surfaces. It was found that as the hardness of the brush went up, the wear rate decreased while the overall heat on the inside of the starter generator increased. From this research, it is evident that the hardness of the brushes is the key factor for heat, wear and morphology changes in the starter generator.
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Steinbach, Albert E., Frank A. Scalzo, and Matthew T. Preston. "Generator Collector Brush Holder Testing and Design Improvements." In ASME 2016 Power Conference collocated with the ASME 2016 10th International Conference on Energy Sustainability and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2016-59147.

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Electric generators and synchronous motors with static excitation use rotating slip rings (also known as collector rings) and stationary carbon brushes to transfer the field current from the stationary exciter to the rotating generator field. The carbon brushes experience wear from both mechanical friction and electrical contact with the rings. Therefore, the brushes need to be periodically inspected and replaced. This is often the most frequent maintenance activity for an electric generator. It is generally recognized that if brushes are not changed when worn down, this can result in a damaging condition called a flashover that will usually force the generator offline. Several collector flashovers were investigated to look for other common characteristics with the aim of reducing the risk of flashover occurrence and improving generator reliability. Some features of the generator collector brush holders were identified as significant contributors to collector flashovers and also to other, more common maintenance problems. Several brush holder designs were evaluated with regard to these features and also with regard to feedback received from operators. In addition, an in-house test rig was developed and used to compare multiple, existing brush holder designs and new prototype concepts for brush wear rate and current selectivity. This work led to a new brush holder design that addresses these concerns and has subsequently been successfully tested in a laboratory and at a customer site. That new brush holder design is being applied to both new units and as a retrofit to in-service aftermarket generators.
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Bryant, M. D., and Y. G. Yune. "Electrically and frictionally derived mound temperatures in carbon graphite brushes." In Electrical Contacts, 1988., Proceedings of the Thirty Fourth Meeting of the IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts. IEEE, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/holm.1988.16121.

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Suhr, Jonghwan. "Visco-Elastic Properties of Aligned Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Blocks." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-42611.

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Structural components subjected to cyclic stress can succumb to fatigue and fail at stress levels much lower than what is expected under static loading conditions. Such fatigue behavior in nanotube structures has never been reported, albeit its importance in practical devices incorporating nanotube components. In particular, cyclic compression loaded vertically aligned nanotube structures could find various applications as electro-mechanical systems. Here, this work reports the mechanical response from repeated high compressive strains on freestanding, long, vertically aligned multiwalled carbon nanotube membranes and show that the arrays of nanotubes under compression behave very similar to soft tissue and exhibit viscoelastic behavior. Under compressive cyclic loading, the mechanical response of nanotube blocks shows initial preconditioning, hysteresis characteristic of viscoeleastic materials, nonlinear elasticity, stress relaxation, and large deformations. Furthermore, no fatigue failure is observed even at high strain amplitudes up to half million cycles. The outstanding fatigue life and extraordinary soft tissue-like mechanical behavior suggest that properly engineered carbon nanotube structures could mimic artificial muscles, and their added high electrical and thermal conductivity could make excellent candidates for uses as compliant electrical contact brushes, probe cards and electromechanical systems.
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Li, Xueqiang, Xinze Zhao, Shuilin Xiao, and Ming Chen. "Research on current-carrying frictional discharge phenomena in the sliding contact of carbon brushes and collector rings." In International Conference on Mechatronic Engineering and Artificial Intelligence (MEAI 2023), edited by Fengli Liu and Yonghe Wei. SPIE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.3025567.

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Eckert, Lothar, and Joachim Schmied. "Spiral Vibration of a Turbogenerator Set: Case History, Stability Analysis, Measurements and Operational Experience." In ASME Turbo Expo 2007: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2007-27314.

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A hydrogen-cooled turbogenerator operating at 3600 rpm showed the phenomenon of spiral vibration with a forward rotating unbalance vector. The relative shaft vibration measured at the NDE-bearing was close to the trip level. Spiral vibration is observed at various types of rotating machinery with both rotation directions of the unbalance vector, forward and backward. Spiral vibration is caused by a vibration-induced hot spot on the shaft surface generated by friction. The turbogenerator has three bearings: two main bearings and the brush gear bearing. The carbon brushes sliding on the slip rings were identified as the hot spot location. Potential modifications were studied using hot spot stability analyses with a rotor dynamic model of the generator rotor on three journal bearings. The applied method, introduced by J. Schmied [1], allows the handling of general systems. The hot spot model is based on the theory of W. Kellenberger [2, 3] using a thermal equation between the shaft’s thermal deflection and the shaft displacement at the hot spot location. Three different relations between the heat input and the shaft vibration were modeled: heat input proportional to the shaft displacement, to the shaft velocity and to the shaft acceleration. The model in which the heat input is proportional to the velocity is the most suitable variant for slip rings. This was confirmed by comparison with the measured vibration behavior. A modification of the shaft line was selected based on the calculation results and successfully implemented. This generator and other generators with the same modified brush gear unit are in operation since more than four years.
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Schmitt, M., and S. Bistac. "Tribological Study of Various Graphite Powders Sliding Against Steel." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-63235.

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With its high resistance, good hardness and electrical conductibility in the basal plans, graphite is used for many years in various tribological fields such as seals, bearings or electrical motor brushes, and also for applications needing excellent lubrication and wear-reducing properties. But thanks to its low density, graphite is at the moment destined for technologies for which the combination of the possibility of reducing the weight of the components, and the ability of enhancing their efficiency is a fundamental asset. This is especially the case in the aeronautical industry where composites containing carbon, and more particularly graphite, are more and more widespread. In this context, the friction and wear of industrially produced graphite powders were evaluated in order to identify promising tribomaterials for braking use. Six different powders (natural and synthetic) having various grains sizes, were tested when sliding against steel, under various applied normal loads. The morphological and structural modifications of the graphites were observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy and AFM, and analysed by Raman spectroscopy. A classification of the various graphite powders could thus be realised; the determining of the friction and wear mechanisms for the different materials, according to their own characteristics, as well as to the applied normal load, was also achieved.
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Detkov, G. M., O. A. Zasedateleva, V. A. Vasiliskov, and A. V. Chudinov. "STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF UV IRRADIATION TIME ON THE FUNCTIONALITY OF CARBOXY GROUPS OF “POLYMER BRUSHES”." In X Международная конференция молодых ученых: биоинформатиков, биотехнологов, биофизиков, вирусологов и молекулярных биологов — 2023. Novosibirsk State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/978-5-4437-1526-1-69.

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A chemical modification of a polypropylene substrate by grafting “brush polymers” by photoinduced lithographic polymerization was performed. The dependence of the signal intensity of a covalently bound fluorescent dye with the functional groups of “polymer brushes” on the ultraviolet light irradiation time was determined.
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Golebiowski, Mateusz, Rainer Nordmann, and Eric Knopf. "Rotordynamic Investigation of Spiral Vibrations: Thermal Mode Equation Development and Implementation to Combined-Cycle Power Train." In ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2014-25430.

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Rotation of vibration vector caused by thermally induced unbalance changes is a frequently observed phenomenon in large rotating machinery. The heat arising from the friction losses, which are generated at the interfaces between rotating and statoric components of the machine, is partly absorbed by the shaft. This heat input is typically not uniform around the shaft circumference and the resulting temperature difference causes the rotor to bow. The excitation resulting from the sum of mechanical unbalance and thermal bow will lead to a slowly rotating (in the synchronously rotating coordinates system) whirl vector, whose magnitude can decrease or increase in time. A generic understanding of this effect (B.L. Newkirk in 1926, [4]) had been followed by a number of physical models representing specific heat exchange mechanisms (W. Kellenberger [3], J. Schmied [6], P. Morton [11]). A hot spot on the shaft surface can be generated at various locations of a shaft-line. Typical components responsible for thermally induced modulation of vibration vector are journal bearings, seal rings, labyrinth seals (in case of a soft rubbing). Furthermore carbon brushes sliding on the slip ring, supplying the DC current to the field winding of the generator rotor, were identified as a source of nonuniform heat input that may excite spiral vibrations (L. Eckert and J. Schmied in [7], [8]). These local heat input phenomena affect consequently the vibration behavior of the overall shaft train. This paper provides a new approach to the quantitative description of a heat exchange mechanism which leads to the hot spot generation on the surface of a slip ring. A new thermal equation has been formulated, which determines the stability and frequency of the thermal mode. Characteristics of spiral vibration are discussed based on the analytical solution of the Jeffcott rotor model coupled with the proposed thermo-elastic equation. The implementation of the described method to a full shaft-line model of a combined cycle, single shaft power train was done using the Finite Element Method. The results of this calculation were validated against measurement data. The paper shows how the applied computational approach can be used to extend stability margin of the spiral vibration in turbo-generator shaft trains.
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Morozov, Oleg G., Artem A. Kuznetsov, Gennady A. Morozov, Ilnur I. Nureev, Airat Z. Sakhabutdinov, Lenar M. Faskhutdinov, and Vadim I. Artemev. "Smart photonic carbon brush." In XIII International Scientific and Technical Conference on Optical Technologies in Telecommunications, edited by Vladimir A. Andreev, Anton V. Bourdine, Vladimir A. Burdin, Oleg G. Morozov, and Albert H. Sultanov. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2230392.

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