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Journal articles on the topic 'Carbon fiber leaf spring'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Aggarwal, Shivam, M. L. Aggarwal, and Krishan Verma. "Optimization of Various Percentage of Fibers in Fiber Reinforced Composite Material Leaf Springs in Vehicles." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1248, no. 1 (2022): 012097. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1248/1/012097.

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Abstract A spring steel leaf spring is commonly used for suspension system in all types of loading vehicles due to its good stiffness and fatigue strength. Today, spring steel leaf springs are used in majority of applications but they are heavy in weight, poor in terms of gets corrosion resistance and average in ride comfort. Fiber reinforced composite material leaf spring represents a key application of composite materials in the field of automotive vehicles due to improved ride comfort and light in weight. Stiffness, fatigue life and damping capacity are the critical parameter of fiber reinf

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Kessentini, Amir, Gulam Mohammed Sayeed Ahmed, and Jamel Madiouli. "Design Optimization and FE Analysis of 3D Printed Carbon PEEK Based Mono Leaf Spring." Micromachines 10, no. 5 (2019): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10050279.

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In this research work, design optimization and static analysis of a 3D printed based carbon PEEK (poly ether ether ketone, reinforced with carbon) polymer composite mono leaf spring was done using finite element analysis. Comparative study of leaf springs of a Dodge SUV car has been made by using 3D printed carbon PEEK. The main objective of this work is to optimize the design and material parameters, such as fiber diameter, fiber length, percentage volume of fibers and orientation angle of fibers in 3D printed based material with a mono polymer composite leaf spring. The effects of these para

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Mali, Bhagyashri J. "Design Analysis and Weight Optimization of Mono Leaf Spring by Using ANSYS and Validation with Practical Testing." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 7 (2022): 1076–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.45425.

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Abstract: The present paper having a work on Design and analysis of composite leaf spring. The analysis has been conducted by using ANSYS-14.5 workbench software with the help of static structural tool. Two composite leaf springs with full length leave made of E-Glass fiber and Carbon fiber composite material has been used. The results of Conventional steel leaf spring have been compared with the present results obtained for composite leaf spring. Carbon fiber material is better in strength and lighter in weight as compared to the conventional steel leaf spring as well as Glass fiber leaf spri

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IJRAME, Journal. "DESIGN ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURAL STEEL AND CARBON FIBER LEAF SPRING." International Journal of Research in Aeronautical and Mechanical Engineering 12, no. 10 (2024): 01–15. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13897272.

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The objective within the automotive sector is to decrease weight of the leaf spring. This weight reduction can achieved through the integration of advanced materials, optimized designs, and enhanced manufacturing practices. The industry has demonstrated considerable enthusiasm for replacing conventional steel leaf springs with those made from composites, due to their superior strength-to-weight ratio and enhanced capacity for strain energy storage. Research into the utilization of carbon fiber materials allows for a reduction in spring weight while preserving load-bearing strength. The selecti

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Rajesh, S., and G. B. Bhaskar. "Response of Composite Leaf Springs to Low Velocity Impact Loading." Applied Mechanics and Materials 591 (July 2014): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.591.47.

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Leaf springs are the traditional suspension elements, occupying a vital position in the automobile industry. This paper deals us the replacement of existing steel leaf spring by composite leaf spring. The dimensions of existing middle steel leaf spring of commercial vehicle (Tata ace mini truck) were taken and fabricated using a specially designed die. Single leaf of the suspension springs, each made up composite with bidirectional carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP), bidirectional glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) and hybrid glass-carbon fiber reinforced plastic (G-CFRP), was fabricate

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Arun, Prabhu D., K. Arunprasath, S. Jayaprakash, and R. Madhubalakrishnan. "Experimental and Numerical Analysis in Carbon Fiber Composite Leaf Spring." Journal of Advanced Mechanical Sciences 1, no. 1 (2022): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7046011.

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Now-a-days automobile manufacturers around the world is concentrating on weight reduction in the vehicles. Around 10-20% of the mass of the automobile was reduced by reducing the mass of the spring leaf. The carbon fiber leaf spring is fabricated and analyzed for reducing the weight. It was found that the new carbon fiber spring has good load carrying capacity. In addition, it has excellent stiffness. Moreover, it stores high strain energy. It has great strength to mass ratio. The solid model of carbon fiber leaf spring was made through CREO and analysis was executed through Ansys software.

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Silaskar, Dr Satish M., Dr Sanjay D. Nihade, Pranav Davane, and Pravin Alone. "Design, Analysis and Optimization of a Lightweight Vehicle's Leaf Springs." SAMRIDDHI : A Journal of Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology 15, no. 01 (2023): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18090/samriddhi.v15i01.03.

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In recent years, the automobile industry has primarily concentrated on reducing weight and improving ride quality. Because composite materials have a high strength-to-weight ratio, strong corrosion-resistance, and tailorable qualities, Steel leaf springs are being phased out in favour of composite leaf springs in the automotive industry. Three strategies have been investigated to reduce vehicle weight: rationalizing the body structure, using lightweight materials for parts, and reducing vehicle size. This study describes the static and dynamic analysis of steel 55Si2Mn90 parabolic leaf springs

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Adwan, Rania, Ekhlas Edan Kader, and Lutfi Yousuf Zedan. "Experimental analysis of composite materials leaf spring used in automotive." Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences 14, no. 4 (2021): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24237/djes.2021.14403.

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product modifications or replacement of old products with new and improved material items. Vehicle suspension systems are another area where these developments are carried out on a regular basis. More efforts are being made to improve the user's comfort. Appropriate combination of comfort riding attributes and economics in leaf spring production becomes an evident requirement. Many changes have been made to the suspension system throughout time in order to enhance it. Some of the most recent suspension system innovations include the invention of the parabolic leaf spring and the usage of compo

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9

Jadhav, Shivaji, Milind G. Landage, Chetanraj D. Patil, and Nilesh Jawarkar. "Analysis of Vibration in Hybrid Composite Leaf Spring." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2763, no. 1 (2024): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2763/1/012026.

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Abstract Vibration-related failures more frequently occur than material failures, analysis is crucial to the design of composite leaf springs. It must also have an outstanding fatigue life and be lightweight. To minimize vertical vibrations, hits, and bumps caused by irregular roads and to ensure a comfortable ride, springs are essential suspension components in automobiles. Hence, the material with the highest strength and lowest longitudinal elastic modulus is ideal for use in leaf springs. In the automotive business nowadays, composite materials primarily replace metal elements. Consequentl

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10

Sudhir, Athale Pranjal. "A Review of Comparative Analysis of Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Glassfiber Leaf Spring with Conventional Leafspring." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 1 (2022): 800–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.39918.

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Abstract: Leafspring is one of the oldest and most effective suspension systems. Today it can be seen used in all heavy commercial vehicles the leaf spring used conventionally was made up of plain carbon steel, silicon manganese steel etc. but as steel is heavy it increases the overall weight of vehicles and decreases its performance, but nowadays after the advent of composites many researchers are trying to replace conventional leafspring with new composite leafsprings which are light in weight. In our project we are trying to compare and analyse two such composite material made up of bamboo

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11

Keerthi vasan, T., S. M. Shibi, and C. K. Tamilselvan. "Fabrication and testing of composite leaf spring using carbon, glass and aramid fiber." Materials Today: Proceedings 21 (2020): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.05.358.

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12

Giacalone, Mauro, Alessandro Messana, Francesco Puglisi, Massimiliana Carello, and Sara Mantovani. "Numerical and experimental stiffness evaluation of CFRP leaf and coil springs." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications 239, no. 4 (2025): 661–79. https://doi.org/10.1177/14644207251323551.

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This paper presents the design, manufacturing and testing of Carbon Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) springs for lightweight automotive applications. A first test case consists of a leaf spring, which was optimized for the use in a small car. A design method made guided by a multilevel numerical modelling is developed to evaluate the influence of the chassis-leaf spring connection on the suspension stiffness. Experimental tests showed good accordance with the numerical prediction, justifying the goodness of the spring design, in terms of both static stiffness and strength. As a second test case

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A, Lakshmanan. "Design and Analysis of a Heavy Vehicle Leaf Spring." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 7 (2022): 3020–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.45687.

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ABSTRACT: Decreasing weight while expanding or keeping up quality of items is getting the chance to be very imperative research issue in this present day world. Composite materials are one of the material families which are pulling in analysts and being arrangements of such issue. In this paper we depict outline and investigation of composite leaf spring. The goal is to think about the stresses and weight sparing of composite leaf spring with that of steel leaf spring. The plan requirement is firmness. The Vehicle Industry has awesome enthusiasm for supplanting of steel leaf spring with that o

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14

Shohel, Shad Mohammad, Shaptarshi Sen Gupta, and Sabbir Hossain Riyad. "Weight optimization and finite element analysis of automobile leaf spring: A design construction referred to electric vehicle." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1259, no. 1 (2022): 012024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1259/1/012024.

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Abstract In the current era, an automobile vehicle company’s major focus is now on conserving natural resources, reducing consumption of fuel, and reducing the weight of vehicle components. To reduce greenhouse gas emissions and fuel consumption and mitigate global warming, an electric vehicle will be a viable option. However, the EV’s main issue is the vehicle’s battery longevity. More power is necessary to drive a vehicle. The best solution to the issue is to reduce the vehicle component weight. Electric Vehicle suspension systems are another sector in which these developments are performed

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15

Zhang, Yujing, Zhiguo Yang, Zhongwei Wang, Xing Li, and Zhuo Meng. "Yarn tension model and vibration analysis during unwinding of carbon fiber bobbins." Journal of Industrial Textiles 53 (January 2023): 152808372311789. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15280837231178944.

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A low-quality unwinding process of the unwinding machine can lead to downtime of the knitting machine and loss of fabric quality. To address this issue, we studied the tension and vibration of carbon fiber yarns during unwinding. Based on the theory of axially moving strings, the dynamic model of carbon fiber yarn was established during the unwinding process, bringing the parameters into the simulation. According to the simulation results, the yarn tension in the unwinding process is closely related to the spring preload, which needs control within a certain range. When the unwinding speed inc

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16

Shi, Qiu-Qiong, Kit-Lun Yick, Chu-Hao Li, Chi-Yung Tse, and Chi-Hang Hui. "Biomechanical Evaluation of Elliptical Leaf Spring Prosthetics for Unilateral Transtibial Amputees During Dynamic Activities." Technologies 13, no. 4 (2025): 129. https://doi.org/10.3390/technologies13040129.

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This study explores the biomechanical impact of an elliptical leaf spring (ELS) foot on individuals with unilateral below-knee amputation. The ELS-foot, constructed with carbon fiber leaf springs and an ethylene-vinyl acetate rocker bottom sole, aims to balance energy storge and dissipation for effective cushioning and energy management. Six participants were recruited and visited the laboratory twice within a 3-to-5-day interval. The ELS-foot is compared with their own prosthesis through various mobility and balance tests, including the Timed Up and Go test, Four Square Step Test, 10 m walk t

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17

Umanath, K., M. K. Prabhu, A. Yuvaraj, and D. Devika. "Fabrication and analysis of Master leaf spring plate using carbon fibre and pineapple leaf fibre as natural composite materials." Materials Today: Proceedings 33 (2020): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.03.790.

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18

Burov, G. N., L. M. Smirnova, V. A. Bolshakov, V. M. Yankovsky, and O. L. Belyanin. "To the selection of shock absorber elements of the artificial foot." Bulletin of the Medical Institute "REAVIZ" (REHABILITATION, DOCTOR AND HEALTH) 13, no. 3 (2023): 150–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.20340/vmi-rvz.2023.3.ozoz.3.

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Introduction. Walking on a prosthesis of the lower limb is accompanied by a shock load on the artificial foot, which provokes discomfort when using the product and pain in the stump, increases the risk of trauma to the skin and the formation of arthrosis of the joints of the lower limb. These negative consequences can be reduced by the use of prosthetic modules with shock-absorbing properties. Usually, the artificial foot plays the role of a shock absorber in the prosthesis.Aim – substantiation of the choice of material for the shock-absorbing module of the artificial foot.Materials and method

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19

Suresh, R. Vezhavendhan, G., Meenakshi Chinnathambi Muthuka, P. Chandramohan, Dinesh Kumar Madheswaran, and R. Ganesamoorthy. "Impact of Carbon Fiber Reinforcement on the Performance of IPN-Based Elliptical Leaf Springs." Polymer Korea 49, no. 1 (2025): 67–75. https://doi.org/10.7317/pk.2025.49.1.67.

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20

Alvela, M., M. Bergmann, Ü. Kruus, M. L. Ööpik, K. Englas, and P. Eelmäe. "Spastic hemiparetic gait pattern after over 6 month period of using carbon-fibre anterior leaf spring AFO? Flaws and advantages." Gait & Posture 42 (September 2015): S79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2015.06.146.

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21

Exner, Wibke, Mark Opitz, and Peter Wierach. "Fast Curing of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics Using the Integration of Nanoparticles." Materials Science Forum 825-826 (July 2015): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.825-826.3.

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Fast curing of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRPs) is limited by the degradation of the resin under high temperatures and by the development of internal strains. The authors counter these problems by adding nanoparticles to the matrix of CFRPs. In the presented work various volume fractions of nanosized aluminum oxide particles are integrated into the epoxy resin RTM6. To demonstrate the increased heat flow within the CFRP component, thermal conductivity tests are presented. Results show increasing values as the filler content is raised.With increasing filler content the reaction speed is

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Qin, Yuting, and Junying Fang. "The Application of New Energy Materials in New-energy Vehicle." Academic Journal of Science and Technology 2, no. 3 (2022): 111–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ajst.v2i3.1537.

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Climate change is becoming one of the biggest environmental challenges in the 21st century. New-energy vehicle produce less greenhouse gases as compared to the traditional vehicles with internal combustion engines. New energy vehicles have great potential to successfully address the issue of climate change. Additionally, new energy materials can also be used in automotive lightweight technology. This paper discussed the currently lightweight materials including high-strength low-alloy steel (HSLA), carbon fiber composite material, and modified plastics. According to the discussion in this pape

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Fasana, Alessandro, Alessandro Ferraris, Andrea Giancarlo Airale, Davide Berti Polato, and Massimiliana Carello. "Experimental Characterization of Damped CFRP Materials with an Application to a Lightweight Car Door." Shock and Vibration 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7129058.

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This paper presents a complete design procedure for defining a dynamic model of a Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) component with an embedded damping material layer. The experiment to determine the mechanical characteristics of the materials is performed by the Oberst beam technique to provide precise material properties for a Finite Element (FE) model. The technique implemented, namely, the Linear Identification by Polynomial Expansion in the Z-domain (LIPEZ) method, is used to compare the experimental data with the numerical simulation results provided by the modal parameters to be com

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Hameed, Mohammed Ismael, Ahmed Abdul Hussein Ali, and Mohammed S. Saleh. "Design and kinematic investigation of an actuated prosthetic ankle during walking." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 5, no. 7 (119) (2022): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2022.265736.

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Due to the varied needs of persons who have lost a lower limb in their everyday lives, ankle-foot prosthetic technology is continually evolving. Numerous prosthetic ankles have been created in recent years to restore the ankle function of lower limb amputees. Most ankle foot prostheses, on the other hand, are passive, such as the solid ankle cushion heel and the energy storage and release foot (ESAR). The solid ankle foot can only provide steady vertical support during ambulation; however, the ESAR foot can store energy and gradually release it throughout human walking periods, hence increasin

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Mohammed, Ismael Hameed, Abdul Hussein Ali Ahmed, and S. Saleh Mohammed. "Design and kinematic investigation of an actuated prosthetic ankle during walking." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 5, no. 7(119) (2022): 68–75. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2022.265736.

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Due to the varied needs of persons who have lost a lower limb in their everyday lives, ankle-foot prosthetic technology is continually evolving. Numerous prosthetic ankles have been created in recent years to restore the ankle function of lower limb amputees. Most ankle foot prostheses, on the other hand, are passive, such as the solid ankle cushion heel and the energy storage and release foot (ESAR). The solid ankle foot can only provide steady vertical support during ambulation; however, the ESAR foot can store energy and gradually release it throughout human walking periods, hence increasin

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IJRAME, Journal. "DESIGN ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURAL STEEL LEAF SPRING AND GLASS FIBER LEAF SPRING." International Journal of Research in Aeronautical and Mechanical Engineering 12, no. 10 (2024): 16–31. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13897308.

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Leaf spring used for vehicle to support the entire weight of vehicle, to provide passenger comfort by absorbing shocks and vibrations, to control axle damping. But steel leaf spring having higher weight (Up to 10–20% of the overall unsprung weight of the vehicle) and major Challenge is to reduce the weight of leaf spring by maintaining its properties. Hence composite material used instead of steel leaf spring as it is light in weight, its extensive properties like high strength, high stiffness, corrosion resistance, low density, high fracture and good toughness. Design analysis done for

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., Chatwant Singh Pandher, Gurinder Singh Brar, and Tejeet Singh. "Static and Fatigue Analysis of Carbon Epoxy Reinforced Composite Leaf Spring." Asian Journal of Engineering and Applied Technology 7, no. 1 (2018): 66–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ajeat-2018.7.1.974.

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Different fields of mechanical, automobile, aerospace, electronics and communication engineering uses composite material. The automobile industries have shown great interest to change traditional use of steel leaf spring with light weight composite leaf spring with same strength. This research paper presents the general study, fabrication, static and fatigue analysis on carbon epoxy composite leaf spring. A rear leaf spring of Tata Ace (mini truck) made of material EN45 spring steel was selected as practical application. Hand Lay-up technique was used to make a carbon epoxy leaf spring. A sing

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Heckadka, Srinivas Shenoy, Suhas Yeshwant Nayak, and Navaneeth Krishna Vernekar. "Fabrication and Testing of Glass/Banana Hybridized Epoxy Mono Composite Leaf Spring under Static Loading." Key Engineering Materials 777 (August 2018): 432–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.777.432.

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This study makes use of E glass fiber and Banana fiber woven mats for the development of the hybrid composite mono leaf spring. Six composite laminates for selecting the optimum stack sequence were fabricated, four hybrids and two standalone using epoxy as matrix. From the flexural tests, two hybrid combinations were selected for fabricating the mono leaf spring. Among the hybrid composites, the one with three layers of glass fabric on the outside displayed maximum bending strength of 99.6 MPa. Composite mono leaf spring with three layers of glass fabric on the outside exhibited lower deflecti

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Hsieh, Tso Sheng, Shien Kuei Liaw, Chia Hao Lin, Li Ren Tasi, and Chia Chin Chiang. "A Study on FBG Vehicle Loading Sensing System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 479-480 (December 2013): 687–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.479-480.687.

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This study considered the application of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) to a composite material leaf spring as a vehicle loading sensing system. The loading of the vehicle by the leaf spring was calculated by the period change of the fiber grating caused by deformation of the composite material leaf spring under loading. From the experiment results, a good linear relationship between loading and Bragg wavelength shift for light. The R-squared value for the linear regression reached 0.99. The loading sensitivity is about 0.267 nm/N.

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Melvin Savio, S., D. Somasundaram, and V. Vijaya Rajan. "Performance Analysis of Composite Leaf Spring Using Computer Aided Engineering." Applied Mechanics and Materials 787 (August 2015): 602–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.787.602.

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Automobile industries have shown more interest for the replacement of conventional steel leaf spring with that of the composite leaf spring due to its high strength to weight ratio. The objective of the work is to carry out computer aided design and analysis of composite (Glass fiber reinforced plastic) leaf spring and conventional steel leaf spring by considering certain parameters like stress, deflection and strain energy with similar design considerations and loading conditions. The material of the conventional leaf spring is 65Si7 and composite leaf spring is S2-Glass\Epoxy. The CAD model

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Lee, Yeon Gwan, Sang Oh Park, Byeong Wook Jang, Yoon Young Kim, Chun Gon Kim, and Dae Hyun Kim. "Finite Element Analysis of Mass-Spring System for Measurement of Relative Moving Displacement." Advanced Materials Research 123-125 (August 2010): 863–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.123-125.863.

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Most accelerometers are composed of a mass, a spring, and a damper. The quantification of the acceleration could be obtained from the equation of dynamic motion expressed in terms of the relative moving displacement. Therefore, if the moving displacement of a seismic mass is inferred from the output signal of a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system, the acceleration could theoretically be obtained by a deformation response factor expressed in the relation between relative displacement and excited acceleration. A reflective grating panel-optical fiber sensor can measure the relative displaceme

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Singh, Ramsingar, and Dr H. S. Chandra. "Study of Composite Light Weight Leaf Spring." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, no. 9 (2024): 702–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.64073.

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The fundamental Objective of this project is to represent plan and exploratory examination of composite leaf spring made of glass fiber reinforced polymer. The intention is to look at the load carrying capacity, weight and stiffness effective of composite leaf spring with that of steel leaf spring. The design imperatives are stresses and deflections. The measurements of a current ordinary steel leaf spring of a light business vehicle are taken. Static investigation of leaf spring is likew ise performed utilizing analysis software and compared with experimental results. Limited component invest

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Raguraman, D., B. Dhanalakshmi, V. Dhinakaran, and R. Ravinder. "Design and Performance Analysis of Multi-Leaf Spring Using Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic-Metal Matrix Composite." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 17, no. 8 (2020): 3694–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2020.9263.

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Car segments have an expanding rivalry in the market and it will in general create development in the current items by either succeed with another or altered propelled material items. A suspension framework is one of the most intriguing push territories on vehicle structure. This task effort is worried about the plan and investigation of mechanical portrayal of leaf springs that are in effect despite everything utilized generally in cars as suspension segments. Car makers have the due significance on enhancement for the mileage of the vehicle which thusly on a structure perspective the weight

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Nayak, Smaranika, Jatin Sadarang, Isham Panigrahi, Ramesh Kumar Nayak, and Manisha Maurya. "Optimization of composite leaf spring for reduced weight and improved noise, vibration, and harshness in an electric vehicle." Noise & Vibration Worldwide 51, no. 7-9 (2020): 127–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957456520923319.

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In automobiles suspension system, laminated springs are widely used for the absorption of shock and vibration. These laminated springs account for approximately 10%–20% of the unsprung weight of the vehicle. It has been found that composite material is used to reduce the weight of the vehicle in order to obtain better efficiency. Therefore, in the current research work, composite material is used for the fabrication of laminated spring. Among the various types of glass fiber available, the C-glass fiber has been widely used due to its better corrosion resistant property. Commercial software pa

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Wang, Weiheng, and Guanghong Fan. "Finite element design analysis of composite leaf spring." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2819, no. 1 (2024): 012036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2819/1/012036.

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Abstract The composite leaf spring is utilized to replace the traditional leaf spring in a truck model to reduce weight and achieve lightweight goals based on load and installation conditions. The design of a glass fiber-reinforced composite leaf spring is carried out through the design of a ply scheme. Then, Ansys finite element software will be used to perform a detailed static analysis. Finally, the sample trial test of the composite leaf spring is carried out, and the results are further compared with the simulation results to verify the validity of the established finite element model and

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Alazawi, Dhia A., and Mohammed Ismael Hameed. "Design and Fabrication of Layered Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Spring for Lightweight Vehicles." Iraqi Journal of Industrial Research 12, no. 1 (2025): 19–33. https://doi.org/10.53523/ijoirvol12i1id503.

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Reducing the weight of a vehicle is a key aspect that affects its performance, driving economy and overall safety. The suspension system is one of the major components for weight saving in vehicles as it contributes to a considerable rate of the unsprung weight. The developing of hybrid materials technology can be employed for avoiding bulky leaf spring with identical load carrying ability and stiffness. This paper describes the design and experimental analysis of composite leaf spring made of woven glass fiber reinforced polymer (FRP). The main goal of this study is to investigate the load ca

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Yoshimura, Kenichi. "Influences of phenological differences on leaf-level carbon budget between the upper and lower crown of Lyonia ovalifolia." Botany 91, no. 1 (2013): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2012-0129.

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To assess the significance of leaf phenology on leaf-level carbon budget, I measured seasonal changes in daily carbon budget of the upper and lower leaves within a single crown of Lyonia ovalifolia var. elliptica, a subcanopy tree species. Leaf-level carbon budget was evaluated as the product of area-based assimilation rates and leaf area minus leaf construction cost for a day. The area of the upper leaves gradually increased from spring to summer, whereas that of the lower leaves rapidly increased in early spring. Morphological, biochemical and physiological characteristics in lower leaves ma

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Ismaeel, Luay Muhammed Ali. "Optimization and Static Stress Analysis of Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Composite Leaf Spring." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/374609.

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A monofiber reinforced composite leaf spring is proposed as an alternative to the typical steel one as it is characterized by high strength-to-weight ratio. Different reinforcing schemes are suggested to fabricate the leaf spring. The composite and the typical steel leaf springs are subjected to the same working conditions. A weight saving of about more than 60% can be achieved while maintaining the strength for the structures under consideration. The objective of the present study was to replace material for leaf spring. This study suggests various materials of hybrid fiber reinforced plastic

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Damor, Devendra K., and K. D. Kothari K. D Kothari. "Design and Analysis of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Leaf Spring." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 8 (2011): 211–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/aug2013/70.

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Cherruault, J. Y., J. P. Hou, G. Jeronimidis, R. Mayer, and J. Chvojan. "Testing of Fiber Composite Leaf Spring for Heavy Axle Loads." Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 24, no. 1 (2010): 111–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0892705709096552.

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Subramanian, C., and S. Senthilvelan. "Joint performance of the glass fiber reinforced polypropylene leaf spring." Composite Structures 93, no. 2 (2011): 759–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2010.07.015.

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Oztoprak, Nahit, Mehmet Deniz Gunes, Metin Tanoglu, et al. "Developing polymer composite-based leaf spring systems for automotive industry." Science and Engineering of Composite Materials 25, no. 6 (2018): 1167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/secm-2016-0335.

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AbstractComposite-based mono-leaf spring systems were designed and manufactured to replace existing mono-leaf metal leaf spring in a light commercial vehicle. In this study, experimentally obtained mechanical properties of different fiber-reinforced polymer materials are presented first, followed by the description of the finite element analytical model created in Abaqus 6.12-1 (Dassault Systemes Simulia Corp., RI, US) using the obtained properties. The results from the finite element analysis are presented next and compared with actual size experimental tests conducted on manufactured prototy

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Rajesh, S., S. Nakkeran, and GB Bhaskar. "A survey of GFRP composite leaf spring." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 3, no. 2 (2014): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v3i2.1811.

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Although leaf springs are one of the oldest suspension components, they are still frequently used in the automobile vehicles. Weight reduction is the main focus in the automobile industries. Weight reduction can be achieved primarily by the introduction of better materials, design optimization, and better manufacturing processes. The achievement of weight reduction with adequate improvement of mechanical properties has made composite a very good replacement material for conventional steel. Selection of material is based on the cost and strength of material. The composite materials have more el

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Parihar, Abhyuday. "Modelling, FEA analysis and Optimization of Mono Composite Leaf Spring Using ANSYS." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 12 (2021): 2127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.39690.

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Abstract: Conventional leaf spring made up of conventional materials like plain carbon steel are heavy and add weight to vehicle which reduces mileage. This necessitates new material which is light in weight and could provide adequate strength to leaf spring along with higher strain energy absorption to absorb shocks. The current research is intended to study the structural and vibrational characteristics of leaf spring made of P100/6061 Al, P100/AZ 91C Mg and structural steel materials. The investigation is carried out using ANSYS FEA software. The FEA results have shown that P100/AZ/ 91C gen

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Busch, Arne, Michael Knorre, and Robert Brandt. "Mechanical Requirements of Tailored Joining Technologies for Spring Elements in Multi-Material-Design." Materials Science Forum 825-826 (July 2015): 385–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.825-826.385.

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The conflict of targets between mass reduction, strength and costs of a multi-material-design module is addressed by the example of a multi-material hybrid leaf spring. A rather simple model is defined such that one portion of the spring is made by glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) and the other portion by a high strength spring steel.In a rather basic approach the leaf spring is exposed to uniaxial bending. The mass of this module is discussed as a function of the strength of the joint. Subsequently, the leaf spring is exposed to a multi-axial bending, e.g. as an effect of side loads. Hen

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Mopoung, Sumrit, and Pornsawan Amornsakch. "Microporous Activated Carbon Fiber from Pineapple Leaf Fiber by H3PO4 Activation." Asian Journal of Scientific Research 9, no. 1 (2015): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ajsr.2016.24.33.

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Khatkar, Vikas, and B. K. Behera. "Experimental investigation of composite leaf spring reinforced with various fiber architecture." Advanced Composite Materials 29, no. 2 (2019): 129–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09243046.2019.1649952.

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Zamheri, Ahmad, Azharuddin, and Wirda Novarika. "Study Leaf Spring for Punch in Press Tools." International Journal of Research in Vocational Studies (IJRVOCAS) 2, no. 1 (2022): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.53893/ijrvocas.v2i1.93.

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The development of technology in the material sector is currently very fast, it can be seen from the many uses of metal materials, especially in the mass production industry with certain specifications, such as stainless steel, high carbon steel, and tool steel. Home industries such as the manufacture of rings, pans, bottle caps, stove components and others often use these materials as materials to make tools called press tools. In this press tool, high carbon steel or tool steel is mostly used as a punch, but as the cost and difficulty of these materials make home industries suffer big losses

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Barr, A. G., T. J. Griffis, T. A. Black, et al. "Comparing the carbon budgets of boreal and temperate deciduous forest stands." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 32, no. 5 (2002): 813–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x01-131.

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Boreal and temperate deciduous forests at northern mid-latitudes play an important role in the global carbon cycle. We analyze 3 years (1996-1998) of eddy-covariance carbon dioxide flux measurements from two contrasting deciduous forest ecosystems in the boreal and temperate regions of central Canada. The two forest stands have similar ages, heights, and leaf area indices but differ in species composition and climate. Mean annual net ecosystem productivity (NEP) was similar for the two ecosystems, varying between 0.7 and 2.7 t C·ha1 (boreal) and 0.6 and 2.4 t C·ha1 (temperate). In the boreal

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Lawrence, Brian T., and Juan Carlos Melgar. "Variable Fall Climate Conditions on Carbon Assimilation and Spring Phenology of Young Peach Trees." Plants 9, no. 10 (2020): 1353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9101353.

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Variable fall temperature and moisture conditions may alter leaf senescence of deciduous fruit trees, influencing carbon assimilation before dormancy and phenology the following spring. This study explored gas exchange of young peach trees (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) when senescence proceeded normally or was delayed during the fall under two soil moisture treatments: Well-irrigated trees or water deficit. Results showed leaf carbon assimilation was similar between the senescence treatments, but whole tree assimilation was estimated to be greater in delayed senescence trees compared to normal

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