Relevant bibliographies by topics / Carbon paper – Research

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Carbon paper – Research'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 15 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Carbon paper – Research"

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Zhou, Jun, Lei Wu, Xin Zhe Lan, Qiu Li Zhang, Xiang Yang Chen, and Xi Cheng Zhao. "Research on Electrothermal Properties of a Composite Carbon Fiber Paper." Materials Science Forum 724 (June 2012): 420–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.724.420.

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The effect of different factors, such as carbon fiber content, temperature, electrifying time and frequency, power density on the electrothermal properties of the composite papers with different carbon fiber content was researched. The results show that the resistivity of the composite papers decreases with the increasing of carbon fibers. The current-voltage relationship is in good conformity with the Ohm's law. The negative temperature coefficient and good reversibility are shown during the heated and cooled process of the papers. The resistance of the papers decreases gradually with electrifying time and trends to stable after several hours. On-off electrifying times on its resistance have little effect in the long term. The curve of power density and surface temperature shows a good linear behavior.
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Hu, Zhi Jun. "Research on Surface Treatment of Carbon Fiber and the Conductive Properties of Paper." Advanced Materials Research 424-425 (January 2012): 1007–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.424-425.1007.

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The influences of the oxidative modification, coupling treatment and dispersing agent for carbon fiber dispersion and binding properties were investigated, and the relationships of different ratio of carbon fiber with the physical strength and electrical conductivity of the paper were analyzed. Meanwhile fiber surface morphology, zeta potential and absorbance slurry were tested. The result showed that: coupling modification significantly improved the dispersion performance of carbon fiber, superior than oxidative modification, the increase of the dispersion would enhance the conductivity of carbon fiber network, the effect of CPAM was best in four kinds of surface-active agent, and 30% content of carbon fiber achieved the "percolation threshold” of conductive material.
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Wang, Dong, and Hao Guo. "A Research on Low-Carbon Industry in Shenzhen." Advanced Materials Research 1010-1012 (August 2014): 2055–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1010-1012.2055.

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Low-carbon industry has risen gradually across the globe in recent years. This paper reviews the concept of low-carbon industry and points out that low-carbon industry, which is the collection of low-carbon production and service industries is the basis of low-carbon economy. And the paper also indicates the current situation of low-carbon industry in Shenzhen is well developing, and at the end of the paper several helpful suggestions is designed.
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Yan, Bo, Lin Huan Zhang, Wei Jiang, and An Xi Jiang. "Research Progress on Producing Sludge Activated Carbon Doped with Ce." Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (December 2012): 1565–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.1565.

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This paper introduces the preparation and activation methods of sludge activated carbons, including physical activation,chemical activation,chemicophysical activation,catalytic activation,etc. Among these methods,catalytic activation has better application prospect as it owns many advantages.The applications of rare-earth element Ce in TiO2 photocatalysis modification and flue gas desulfurization are described. At the end of the paper , the current research situation and application prospect of sludge activated carbon doped with Ce are discussed.
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Huang, Ling, and Han Qing Zhou. "Research on Urban Low-Carbon Transportation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 409-410 (September 2013): 1273–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.409-410.1273.

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In order to achieve sustainable development of the economy, resources and environment, developing low-carbon economy is the only way, and urban low-carbon transportation is one of the key areas. The paper analyzes the important significance, characteristics and strategies of developing low-carbon transportation.
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Ampo, Takahiro, and Takahide Oya. "Development of Paper Actuators Based on Carbon-Nanotube-Composite Paper." Molecules 26, no. 5 (2021): 1463. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26051463.

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We propose a unique soft actuator—a paper actuator—based on carbon-nanotube-composite paper (CNT-composite paper), which is a composite of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and paper. CNT-composite paper has highly efficient properties because of the contained CNTs, such as high electrical conductivity and semiconducting properties. We are considering using CNT-composite paper for various devices. In this study, we successfully developed a paper actuator. We determined the structure of the paper actuator by referencing that of bucky-gel actuators. The actuator operates using the force generated by the movement of ions. In addition to making the paper actuator, we also attempted to improve its performance, using pressure as an index and an electronic scale to measure the pressure. We investigated the optimal dispersant for use in paper actuators, expecting the residual dispersant on the CNT-composite paper to affect the performance differently depending on the type of dispersant. Referring to research on bucky-gel actuators, we also found that the addition of carbon powder to the electrode layers is effective in improving the pressure for paper actuators. We believe that the paper actuator could be used in various situations due to its ease of processing.
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C. Ngwakwe, Collins. "Forecasting short-term carbon emission futures price volatility: information for hedging carbon emission futures risk." Environmental Economics 8, no. 4 (2017): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ee.08(4).2017.01.

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This paper aimed to illustrate how short-term carbon futures speculators might use short-term carbon emission futures data to predict and forecast carbon prices. The paper became apposite given ubiquitous research focussing on long-term carbon futures data, which has left out short-term carbon emission futures speculators with information. Therefore, this paper demonstrated that short-term speculators in carbon futures could indeed use short-term time series data on carbon futures to make a reliable prediction and forecasting of carbon emissions futures price volatility within a short term and thus decide on investment opportunity. The sample data results showed that short-term data could produce a dependable in-sample futures prediction since the in-sample prediction fell within the 95% confidence interval. The demonstration also showed that short-term carbon futures data could assist speculators to conduct a reliable short-term out of sample forecast of carbon futures prices within the closer period. The paper offers practical assistance to carbon futures speculators and is equally important for academic studies for business and economic students on discussions and research bordering on carbon emissions, carbon trading, environmental economics and sustainable development. More carbon short-term forecasting is encouraged – such research should compare short-term forecasting of carbon futures amongst different carbon markets.
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Kawamura, Yusuke, Shunsuke Hayashi, Yuya Shinde, and Takahide Oya. "Development of Paper Transistor Using Carbon-Nanotube-Composite Paper." Advances in Science and Technology 80 (September 2012): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.80.59.

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We have developed a unique “paper transistor” comprised of carbon nanotube (CNT) composite papers. CNTs have recently attracted much research attention in the nanotechnology field due to their many excellent physical properties, including good electrical and heat conductivities, physical strength, and dual semiconducting- and metallic- characteristics. CNTs have great potential for use as many different functional materials. In a previous work, we developed a CNT-composite paper as a new functional material. A normal paper is flexible and can be fabricated and used easily, and we can easily fabricate the CNT-composite paper by mixing pulp with CNTs. The resulting CNT-composite paper has both CNT and normal paper characteristics. In this study, we focused primarily on the dual semiconducting- and metallic- characteristics exhibited by CNTs because we can create paper composites that are both semiconducting and metallic. Our main goal was to develop a field-effect-transistor (FET) using semiconducting- and metallic- CNT-composite papers. A conventional FET has metal, insulator, and semiconductor layers. Our FET also has three layers: the metallic CNT-composite paper is used for gate, source, and drain electrodes as the metal layer; the semiconducting CNT-composite paper is used for a semiconductor as the channel layer; and the normal paper is used as a gate insulator layer. The key point here is that we were able to design and develop an FET using only normal paper and two kinds of CNT-composite paper, without any silicon or semiconductors. After the construction, we measured the electrical conductivity of our FET to test its operation. A drain-to-source current of about 10μA was observed. Moreover, we could control the current flow by controlling the gate voltage. These results demonstrate that it is possible to fabricate a paper FET using only normal paper and two kinds of CNT-composite paper.
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Luo, Ya Li, and Chang Xin Zhang. "Research on the Low-Carbon Land Use Pattern." Advanced Materials Research 598 (November 2012): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.598.241.

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The paper firstly analyzed the carbon emissions effect of the city land use. Then it put forward the high density compact land use pattern is consistent with low-carbon developing goal. Finally, the paper systematically expounded the connotation of the low-carbon high density compact mixed use, and discussed the basic forms of low-carbon land use pattern, such as the giant single building, buildings on the same platform, new units model on the community scale etc..
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Amangeldiuly, N., and M. V. Fedorov. "Global trends in carbon fiber research." Voprosy Materialovedeniya, no. 1(97) (August 10, 2019): 147–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22349/1994-6716-2019-97-1-147-163.

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The review provides an analysis of global trends in current research in the field of carbon fiber composite materials. The paper considers studies conducted in 2018 and identifies four priority areas by assessing the amount of their funding. The mentioned areas include the utilization of carbon composites, optimization of their production process, the use of carbon composites in the aviation and shipbuilding industries. The review may contribute to the determination of high-priority and relevant research that will be conducted in the near future.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Carbon paper – Research"

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Aliahmad, Nojan. "Paper-based lithium-Ion batteries using carbon nanotube-coated wood microfiber current collectors." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/3652.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)<br>The prevalent applications of energy storage devices have incited wide-spread efforts on production of thin, flexible, and light-weight lithium-ion batteries. In this work, lithium-ion batteries using novel flexible paper-based current collectors have been developed. The paper-based current collectors were fabricated from carbon nanotube (CNT)-coated wood microfibers (CNT-microfiber paper). This thesis presents the fabrication of the CNT-microfiber paper using wood microfibers, coating electrode materials, design and assemblies of battery, testing methodologies, and experimental results and analyses. Wood microfibers were coated with carbon nanotubes and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) through an electrostatic layer-by-layer nanoassembely process and formed into a sheet, CNT-microfiber paper. The CNT loading of the fabricated paper was measured 10.1 μg/cm2 subsequently considered. Electrode material solutions were spray-coated on the CNT-microfiber paper to produce electrodes for the half and full-cell devices. The CNT current collector consists of a network structure of cellulose microfibers at the micro-scale, with micro-pores filled with the applied conductive electrode materials reducing the overall internal resistance for the cell. A bending test revealed that the paper-based electrodes, compared to metal ones, incurred fewer damages after 20 bends at an angle of 300o. The surface fractures on the paper-based electrodes were shallow and contained than metallic-based electrodes. The micro-pores in CNT-microfiber paper structure provides better adherence to the active material layer to the substrate and inhibits detachment while bending. Half-cells and full-cells using lithium cobalt oxide (LCO), lithium titanium oxide (LTO), and lithium magnesium oxide (LMO) were fabricated and tested. Coin cell assembly and liquid electrolyte was used. The capacities of half-cells were measured 150 mAh/g with LCO, 158 mAh/g with LTO, and 130 mAh/g with LMO. The capacity of the LTO/LCO full-cell also was measured 126 mAh/g at C/5 rate. The columbic efficiency of the LTO/LCO full-cell was measured 84% for the first charging cycle that increased to 96% after second cycle. The self-discharge test of the full-cell after charging to 2.7 V at C/5 current rate is showed a stable 2 V after 90 hours. The capacities of the developed batteries at lower currents are comparable to the metallic electrode-based devices, however, the capacities were observed to drop at higher currents. This makes the developed paper-based batteries more suitable for low current applications, such as, RFID tags, flexible electronics, bioassays, and displays. The capacities of the batteries at higher current can be improved by enhancing the conductivity of the fibers, which is identified as the future work. Furthermore, fabrication of an all solid state battery using solid electrolyte is also identified as the future work of this project.
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Books on the topic "Carbon paper – Research"

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Tarter, Jill C. Carbon in the galaxy: Studies from earth and space : invited papers from a meeting sponsored by the Life Science Division, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, D.C. and held at Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California, November 5-6, 1987. Ames Research Center, 1990.

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Schryer, David R. Low-temperature CO-oxidation catalysts for long-life CO2 lasers: Collected papers from an international conference sponsored by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, D.C. and the Royal Signals and Radar Establishment, Malvern, United Kingdom, and held at Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, October 17-19, 1989. Langley Research Center, 1990.

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Lippi, Donatella, ed. Medicina, Chirurgia e Sanità in Toscana tra '700 e '800. Firenze University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-8453-788-1.

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Three Tuscan doctors, and three intriguing professional histories. The inventory of the papers of Pietro Betti, Carlo Burci and Vincenzio Chiarugi has made available an important archive heritage, which goes to supplement the partial knowledge deriving from the biographies and works of these figures who represented the bridge between the enlightened and revolutionary eighteenth century and the following century, taut between the claims of science and political and social influences. A great season for Medicine and Surgery is revisited through the voices of three important exponents of this period of knowledge and action, of a commitment – that is also contemporary – to care, to teaching and to research.
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Baldi, Elisabetta, and Corrado Bucherelli. Neuroscience. Firenze University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6453-638-5.

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This bibliographic material is patrimony of our Laboratory of the Behavior Physiology. This research unit originated in 1972 by will of Aldo Giachetti (until 1990) and with the beginning of the activity of Corrado Bucherelli. In the early 1980s, with Carlo Ambrogi Lorenzini (until 2004), the cataloging became more capillary and systematic, to continue to this day. All the researchers who worked in our laboratory contributed to this collection (Giovanna Tassoni 1986-2000, Benedetto Sacchetti 1996-2002 and Elisabetta Baldi from 1991). The study of learning, memory and behavior requires to follow a broad spectrum of neuroscience topics, ranging from neuronal biochemistry to neuropsychology. The Authors’ idea of publishing this collection comes from believing that a such website, though not exhaustive, might be a useful and targeted tool for the selection of bibliographic material in the field of behavioral neuroscience. The bibliographic references present at the publication (29500), accompanied by a brief comment highlighting the contents, are organized in relation to the topics (represented by the 99 themes) constituting the publication itself. The intersection of several references will point out the topics that represent them simultaneously. Concerning neurotransmitters and neuromodulators, references to agonists, antagonists or molecules interfering with the activity of these synapses have been inserted in the pages of the implicated neurotransmitter (e.g. acetylcholine). The pages including topics that could have been dealt with separately (e.g. active and passive avoidance) are introduced by a short explanatory note. The comment of each publication highlights the animal species used. Each comment is intended to indicate the content rather than the experimental results of paper. This choice comes from wanting to provide the reader with a more objective and less speculative comment.
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I͡A︡kovlevich, Panchenko Vladislav, Golubev Vladimir Samuilovich, Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers., and Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers. Russian Chapter., eds. Progress in research and development of high-power industrial CO₂ lasers: Selected research papers on progress in research and development of high-power industrial CO₂ lasers, 1991-2000. SPIE, 2000.

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Low-temperature CO-oxidation catalysts for long-life CO₂ lasers: Collected papers from an international conference sponsored by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, D.C., and the Royal Signals and Radar Establishment, Malvern, United Kingdom, and held at Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, October 17-19, 1989. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Office of Management, Scientific and Technical Information Division, 1990.

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7

Jaramillo, Marcela, and Valentina Saavedra. NDC Invest: Supporting Transformational Climate Policy and Finance. Inter-American Development Bank, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003340.

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The Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) indicates that meeting the Paris Agreement's goal of limiting the global temperature rise from pre-industrial levels to between 1.5 and 2 degrees Celsius requires reaching net-zero emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) between 2050 and 2070, as well as deep reductions in the emissions of other greenhouse gases by around mid-century (GHGs) (IPCC, 2018). At the same time countries need to build resilience to face the changes that cannot be avoided. NDC Invest was created as the one-stop-shop of the IDB Group providing technical and financial support for countries in Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) in their efforts to achieve the climate objectives under the Paris Agreement, seeking to transition to a net zero, resilient and sustainable development pathways that improve quality of life and prosperity in LAC. Through our research and experience supporting countries and piloting solutions we have developed a toolbox for support. This paper describes three NDC Invest products to support Governments to tackle challenges and scale up action towards a climate aligned and sustainable development path: i) the design of Long-Term Strategies (LTS) for net-zero emissions and resilience; ii) design of ambitious Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), aligned to LTS; and iii) design of investment plans and finance strategies. Our three products are not a fix recipe, but rather a toolbox to provide flexible and relevant solutions tailored to country needs and context, and different stages of design and implementation of their climate targets.
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Collins, Karen. Implications of Interactivity. Edited by John Richardson, Claudia Gorbman, and Carol Vernallis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199733866.013.0011.

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This article appears in theOxford Handbook of New Audiovisual Aestheticsedited by John Richardson, Claudia Gorbman, and Carol Vernallis. This chapter explores concepts of interactivity as they relate to sound production in video games. A guiding assumption of the chapter is that interactivity is a definitive paper of new digital aesthetics in general and gaming in particular. And yet, the question of interactivity has not been addressed with sufficient stringency in scholarly research. At the heart of the chapter are these questions: What makes interactive sound different from noninteractive sound? Where doesinteracting withsound fit into our understanding of our experience of sound and music in media? How do we begin to approach interactive sound from a theoretical perspective? The implications of interactivity are examined, specifically the notion of sound as a feedback device and as a control mechanism. . In these ways the chapter works toward a more comprehensive understanding of sounds in new media contexts that addresses their particularity in interactive contexts rather than resting on previous assumptions about the primacy of sounds as narrative devices.
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Book chapters on the topic "Carbon paper – Research"

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Mohamed, H., D. W. Bao, and R. Snooks. "Super Composite: Carbon Fibre Infused 3D Printed Tectonics." In Proceedings of the 2020 DigitalFUTURES. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4400-6_28.

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AbstractThis research posits an innovative process of embedding carbon fibre as the primary structure within large-scale polymer 3D printed intricate architectural forms. The design and technical implications of this research are explored and demonstrated through two proto-architectural projects, Cloud Affects and Unclear Cloud, developed by the RMIT Architecture Snooks Research Lab. These projects are designed through a tectonic approach that we describe as a super composite – an approach that creates a compression of tectonics through algorithmic self-organisation and advanced manufacturing. Framed within a critical view of the lineage of polymer 3D printing and high tech fibres in the field of architectural design, the research outlines the limitations of existing robotic processes employed in contemporary carbon fibre fabrication. In response, the paper proposes an approach we describe as Infused Fibre Reinforced Plastic (IFRP) as a novel fabrication method for intricate geometries. This method involves 3D printing of sacrificial formwork conduits within the skin of complex architectural forms that are infused with continuous carbon fibre structural elements. Through detailed observation and critical review of Cloud Affects and Unclear Cloud (Fig. 2), the paper assesses innovations and challenges of this research in areas including printing, detailing, structural analysis and FEA modelling. The paper notes how these techniques have been refined through the iterative design of the two projects, including the development of fibre distribution mapping to optimise the structural performance.
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Li, H., Z. Lin, and D. Fu. "Carbon paper electrode coated with TiO2 nanorod arrays for electro-assisted photocatalytic degradation of Cr (VI) and methylene blue." In Advances in Energy and Environment Research. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315212876-11.

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Zimbarg, Ana. "Bio-Design Intelligence." In Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_9.

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AbstractArchitecture has a substantial influence worldwide as it shapes our cities, and it is made to last. Urban areas are also responsible for 70% of the world's carbon emissions. Consequently, architects are responsible for minimising the destructive effects of construction on the environment. How can biological intelligence be inserted in architecture as a possibility to increase environmental performance? Bio-design goes further than biology-inspired approaches. Bio-design refers to incorporating living organisms as an essential component of a system, changing the natural and built environment boundaries. It contains living and machine intelligence, whether embedded in the design process or in the building itself. This paper seeks to give an overview of bio-design and how it can be seen as a strategy of thinking of new research pathways.
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Carmo, Manfredo Perdigão do. "Research on Differential Geometry in Brazil." In Manfredo P. do Carmo – Selected Papers. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25588-5_27.

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Bates, Aditya. "Smart Software Applications for a Low Carbon Economy." In Handbook of Research on Green ICT. IGI Global, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61692-834-6.ch036.

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There are changes underway in the world energy and power systems because of climate change, which will result in smart and intelligent infrastructure for the new energy management and power system. Smart grid software will play an important part in making this new infrastructure intelligent. This chapter investigates software applications that have a potential to be developed for a new low carbon economy. In addition, this paper explains what the standard bodies and user groups driving the development of these new smart software applications. The chapter will also discuss the control points where software can be added to smart grid infrastructure for a low carbon economy.
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Changchun, Liu. "Research on Coordination Mechanism and Low-Carbon Technology Strategy for Agricultural Product Supply Chain." In Supply Chain and Logistics Management. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0945-6.ch079.

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As the future orientation of economic and agricultural development, low-carbon agriculture is devoted to reducing the energy inputs and greenhouse gas emissions during the agriculture production. So, it's urgent to take some actions to transit from the current high carbon economy to a low-carbon and high resource efficient economy. This paper examines a two-echelon agricultural product supply chain with a producer and a processor and the market demand is influenced by the retail price and the level of low-carbon technology. The optimal solutions in the decentralized and centralized agricultural product supply chain with or without low-carbon technology are studied. To make the decentralized agricultural product supply chain perform as well as the centralized agricultural product supply chain, the coordination mechanism of the low-carbon supply chain that few of papers focused explicitly on is designed. Finally, extensive numerical experiments are conducted to study the behaviors of supply chain members.
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Heijden, Jeroen Van der. "Research Paper: The new governance for low-carbon buildings: mapping, exploring, interrogating." In Building Governance and Climate Change. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351184212-15.

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Unhelkar, Bhuvan, and Amit Tiwary. "Extending and Applying Business Intelligence and Customer Strategies for Green ICT." In Handbook of Research on Green ICT. IGI Global, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61692-834-6.ch006.

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This chapter extends and applies the concepts of Business Intelligence (BI) within business to help improve its environmental performance. When BI is used to improve customer service and optimize business performance, the result can also be used to reduce the carbon footprint of the organization. Various ways to improve customer service as well as cross-selling and up-selling to customers are discussed in the context of the carbon footprint – and with suggestions to improve that footprint. This is a strategic approach to the use of BI in environmental performance – resulting in what is called Environmental Intelligence. The suggestion is to use Business intelligence to improve the overall resources usage (by reducing energy and paper usage) of the organizations without compromising on customer services. For example if the customers are serviced on first contact, the follow on activities involving multiple contacts with customers and marketing paper material could be reduced. This will provide the organizations with better customer satisfaction and also reduce the extra energy usage in developing heavy duty BI infrastructure and paper used for the marketing purpose to woo back the customers.
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Ho, Hooi Ling. "Biotechnology of Microbial Xylanase." In Research Advancements in Pharmaceutical, Nutritional, and Industrial Enzymology. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5237-6.ch013.

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Xylanases are inducible enzymes responsible for the complete hydrolysis of xylan into xylose. Both solid state fermentation (SsF) and submerged fermentation (SmF) are used in the production of xylanase. SsF has become a popular approach due to its economic value. In fact, higher biomass and lower protein breakdown are among the factors involved in determining the production of xylanases in SsF. Agricultural extracts which are abundantly available in the environment such as rice bran and wheat bran are commonly used as the potential carbon source in xylanases production. Xylanase is indeed one of the valuable enzymes which show immense potential in vast industrial applications. The demand for xylanase is increasing because of its prodigious utilization in pulp and paper, bakery, food and beverage, detergents, textile, and animal feed. Xylanase has therefore become one of the important commercial enzymes in recent years.
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Hobbie, John E. "Long-Term Ecological Research in the Arctic: Where Science Never Sleeps." In Long-Term Ecological Research. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199380213.003.0015.

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When the Arctic (ARC) Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) project began, I was an aquatic ecologist with experience in managing large projects in freshwaters and estuaries and a specialization in microbes. This project, which studies lakes, streams, and tundras, has greatly increased my breadth as an ecologist and allowed me to take part in terrestrial modeling, microbial studies in streams, and the role of soil mycorrhizal fungi in providing nutrients to many species of plants. As a mentor to several postdoctoral fellows, my LTER research has enabled me to learn about other fields such as the application of molecular biology to microbial ecology. The Arctic LTER project data, the long-term field experiments, and the facilities available at the University of Alaska field station brought me in contact with ecologists from many countries. One result of this association with experts was my coauthorship of a book on Arctic natural history aimed at communicating scientific knowledge to scientists and the general public unfamiliar with the Arctic (Huryn and Hobbie 2012). I have always collaborated extensively with many scientists and encouraged collaboration as the best way to carry out ecosystem research. The Arctic LTER project brought many opportunities to broaden the scope of my collaboration to include terrestrial ecologists and microbiologists. My PhD research was about year-round primary productivity of an Arctic lake but while on a postdoctoral fellowship at Uppsala University, Sweden, I switched to an emphasis on bacterial uptake kinetics in lakes. The techniques I helped develop in freshwater worked in the ocean and estuaries too (Hobbie and Williams 1984). In addition we developed the epifluorescence method for quantifying the abundance of planktonic bacteria. Our paper (Hobbie, Daley, and Jasper 1977) finally convinced oceanographers that bacteria are abundant (at 10⁹ per liter) and important. Recently, I have used my understanding of kinetics of uptake to analyze microbial activity in the soil. My Arctic expertise led to leadership of the aquatic part of the International Biological Program (IBP) at Barrow, Alaska, beginning in 1970. We (28 scientists, graduate students, and postdoctoral fellows) studied shallow ponds to quantify the carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles.
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Conference papers on the topic "Carbon paper – Research"

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"THE RESEARCH OF PAPER REVERSE LOGISTIC NETWORK OPTIMIZATION ON THE LOW-CARBON ECONOMY." In Special Session on Business Information System. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0003604403360340.

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Vesely, Ladislav, Vaclav Dostal, and Petr Hajek. "Design of Experimental Loop With Supercritical Carbon Dioxide." In 2014 22nd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone22-30798.

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Supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO2) cycles are recently very perspective and are researched all around the world. For successful deployment of these cycles experimental research is necessary. This paper describes the design and research program of S-CO2 experimental loop that was performed in collaboration of the Czech Technical University in Prague (CTU) and the Research Centre Rez i.n.c.. The loop will be constructed at the premises of the Research Centre Rez i.n.c a part of the project SUSEN. This paper particularly focuses on the design of components, their thermotechnical calculations, construction and arrangement of the experimental loop. It also deals with the preparation of experimental measurements to be implemented. The loop is envisioned for the research of the heat transfer for various operating conditions, testing of the material in the environment of S-CO2 and sampling of gas from the loop.
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Wang, Junfeng, Yanping Huang, Jinguang Zang, and Guangxu Liu. "Research Activities on Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Power Conversion Technology in China." In ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2014-26049.

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Supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO2) Brayton cycle has attracted substantial attention in recent years due to its higher efficiency, simpler cycle layout and lower cost. S-CO2 Brayton cycle is not only suitable for next generation nuclear reactors, but also considered in other conventional and renewable energy applications including fossil-fueled power plant, ship propulsion, and solar energy system and so on. In 2010, Nuclear Power Institute of China (NPIC) initially started to investigate the concept and some fundamental issues related to S-CO2 power conversion technology in China. This paper presents recent research and development progress obtained in China including thermodynamic analysis and evaluation, thermohydraulic investigation, code development, and integral test loop design. The research plan in the near future for S-CO2 power conversion technology in China is also presented.
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Eitman, D. A., R. W. Kidd, and R. B. Dirling. "Advanced Oxidation Protection System for Carbon-Carbon Composites." In ASME 1989 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/89-gt-314.

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Carbon-carbon composites possess a number of desirable attributes including low density, high strength and stiffness at temperatures well beyond the capabilities of refractory alloys, low thermal expansion coefficient, tailorable orthotropic properties, absence of strategic materials, and resistance to thermal shock, fatigue, and brittle failures. However, for many applications of interest (such as aircraft and aerospace vehicle structure and engines) resistance to oxidation in high-temperature air or engine exhaust streams is a requirement which is not satisfied by unprotected carbon-carbon composites. The elements of an advanced oxidation protection system for carbon-carbon composites are described in this paper. The system is comprised of both an oxidation resistant coating intended to provide the primary barrier to oxygen ingress and inhibitors added to the matrix of the carbon-carbon composite to increase its oxidation resistance without significant losses in mechanical properties. The composite inhibition system is designed to be complementary to the coating and to enhance its long-term performance. A description of the principal elements of the system is presented along with recent test data and current research directions.
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Wang, Junfeng, Yanping Huang, Jinguang Zang, and Guangxu Liu. "Recent Research Progress on Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Power Cycle in China." In ASME Turbo Expo 2015: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2015-43938.

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China has started the investigations on supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO2) power cycle since 2011. The aim of this project is to understand the feasibility and economics of coupling S-CO2 power cycle with Chinese Gen IV nuclear reactors. Up to now, the pre-concept design and feasibility evaluation has been accomplished. The focus in the next step is fundamental research on thermal-hydraulics and materials and Integral Test Loop design, construction, and operation. Nuclear Power Institute of China (NPIC) has been a leader in S-CO2 power cycle development in China. With contractors and collaborators from China and UK, NPIC has constructed a natural circulation test loop and started the Integral Test Loop design. In this paper, an overview of the progress on S-CO2 power cycle development in NPIC is provided. The testing results from a small-scaled natural circulation test loop, the CFD code verification and validation, and the considerations and design features of Integral Test Loop will be summarized.
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Guo, Rong, Xiaochen Wu, and Tong Wu. "Research on the compilation of low carbon planning guidelines for Changxing County, China." In Post-Oil City Planning for Urban Green Deals Virtual Congress. ISOCARP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/tsmz5166.

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In the past 40 years since China's reform and opening up, the city has been developing rapidly. Small towns are faced with the challenges of extensive development, degradation of human settlements and dif iculty in retaining local characteristics. Therefore, in the development process of small towns, we should not only pay attention to economic development, but also energy conservation and emission reduction, and pay attention to the protection of local characteristics.This paper calculates the carbon emissions of energy consumption in Changxing County from 2002 to 2017, and analyzes the main factors and degree of carbon emissions in Changxing County by using Kaya identities based on the carbon emissions decomposition model. The results show that the carbon emissions of Changxing County increased year by year, but the growth rate showed a downward trend. The ef ect of economic development and energy intensity has a great contribution to the carbon emissions of Changxing County. Industrial structure ef ect, energy structure ef ect and population size ef ect have little contribution to carbon emissions. Combined with the current situation and main factors of carbon emissions in Changxing County, this paper puts forward the compilation ideas and framework of low-carbon planning guidelines of Changxing County from six characteristic spaces , so as to provide the thinking and practical basis for the low-carbon construction of small towns.
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Birtane, Hatice. "The production of flame retardant paper with DOPO." In 10th International Symposium on Graphic Engineering and Design. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of technical sciences, Department of graphic engineering and design,, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/grid-2020-p16.

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Flame retardant property to paper increases the use of paper and the value of paper products. The flame retardant property was achieved by the addition of an organophosphorus agent to the paper. A great deal of research has been done on 9,10-Dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) derivatives as flame retardants. To apply the flame retardant property in condensed phase, DOPO derivative materials are generally used as an acid source for intumescent flame retardants to promote dehydration and carbonization of the charring agent to form a continuous layer of carbon. In this study, In order to prepare a flame retardant paper coating, DOPO derivative was synthesized with 3-aminophenyl sulfone, and benzaldehyde reaction and the chemical structure of DOPO is illuminated by ATR-FTIR then paper was coating with a flame retardant coating formulation ingredient with DOPO. The paper’s properties were investigated. Surface energy of coated papers and contact angles were determined with goniometer. Printability parameters such as color, gloss, surface tension were examined. The results the study DOPO added paper coatings improve the paper flame retardancy.
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Nony, Fabien, Ce´dric Thomas, Ste´phane Villalonga, and Christophe Magnier. "Research and Achievements on Carbon Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites for High Pressure Storage." In ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57644.

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Hydrogen storage is a key enabling technology for the extensive use of hydrogen as an energy carrier. However, none of the current technologies satisfies all of the hydrogen storage attributes sought by manufacturers, legislators and end-users. At present, compressed gaseous hydrogen storage (CGH2) is recognized as the most mature technology. This paper reviews recent developments and achievements regarding materials and technologies investigated by CEA to promote the development of a of type IV 70MPa hydrogen vessel. Particularly, results concerning innovative thermoplastic matrix composite vessel will be presented and discussed. On going developments on dedicated manufacturing process and material characterization will be shared in a first part of the presentation and a second part will be devoted to durability assessment and damage tolerance of such composite structures with respect to their potential applications.
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Ayodele, Emmanuel, Victoria Ezeagwula, and Precious Igbokwubiri. "Carbon Dioxide Sequestration Using Activated Carbon From Agro Waste-Waste Bamboo." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207182-ms.

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Abstract Bamboo trees are one of the fastest growing trees in tropical rainforests around the world, they have various uses ranging from construction to fly ash generation used in oil and gas cementing, to development of activated carbon which is one of the latest uses of bamboo trees. This paper focuses on development of activated carbon from bamboo trees for carbon capture and sequestration. The need for improved air quality becomes imperative as the SDG Goal 12 and SDG Goal13 implies. One of the major greenhouse gases is CO2 which accounts for over 80% of greenhouse gases in the environment. Eliminating the greenhouse gases without adding another pollutant to the environment is highly sought after in the 21st century. Bamboo trees are mostly seen as agricultural waste with the advent of scaffolding and other support systems being in the construction industry. Instead of burning bamboo trees or using them for cooking in the local communities which in turn generates CO2 and fly ash, an alternative was considered in this research work, which is the usage of bamboo trees to generate activated, moderately porous and high surface area carbon for extracting CO2 from various CO2 discharge sources atmosphere and for water purification. This paper focuses on the quality testing of activated carbon that can effectively absorb CO2. The porosity, pore volume, bulk volume, and BET surface area were measured. The porosity of the activated carbon is 27%, BET surface area as 1260m²/g. Fixed carbon was 11.7%, Volatility 73%, ash content 1.7%.
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Yao, Yiyong, Liping Zhao, Sheng Hu, Rongya Zhou, and Mei Zheng. "Research About Key Factors in Jet Puncturing Process for Multilayer Composite Material." In ASME 2014 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the JSME 2014 International Conference on Materials and Processing and the 42nd North American Manufacturing Research Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2014-3976.

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In the traditional molding process of laminated carbon fiber reinforced C/C composites - preform, it always causes great damage to a high modulus carbon fiber. Research about key factors for jet puncture in multilayer composite material is proposed in this paper. With the method, carbon fiber is added into the laminating direction of high-modulus carbon cloth by using jet method, so the preform is combined together to improve interlayer fiber connection strength in laminating direction (Z direction). Firstly, the key factors in jet puncture process are investigated. Parameter optimization and dynamic modeling of jet process have been studied to explore the mechanism of jet puncture process. Then a fluid simulation is conducted by studying the formation and distribution of diffusion flow field, jet resistance, penetration ability and jet kinetic energy loss. Finally, the fluid software is used to simulate and obtain the optimal structure of carbon cloth and the nozzle. It is expected that this paper can provide a new and effective approach for Z-puncture reinforcement fibers of laminated composite materials.
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Reports on the topic "Carbon paper – Research"

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Veland, Siri, and Christine Merk. Lay person perceptions of marine carbon dioxide removal (CDR) – Working paper. OceanNETs, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/oceannets_d3.3.

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This working paper presents first insights on lay public perceptions of marine carbon dioxide removal (CDR) approaches. In seven focus groups, three in Germany and four in Norway (including one pilot) the researchers asked members of the lay public to share their views of the ocean and the effects of climate change, four CDR approaches, as well as their reflections on responsible research and innovation (RRI) of marine CDR. The four CDR methods were ocean iron fertilization, ocean alkalinity enhancement, artificial upwelling, and blue carbon management through restoration of coastal and marine ecosystems. In addition, respondents were asked to compare the four approaches. Our findings indicate that the public will be very supportive of blue carbon management irrespective of its actual carbon sequestration potential, due in part to the perceived bad state of marine ecosystems worldwide. Participants were skeptical whether any of the CDR approaches could have relevant effect on carbon sequestration and long-term storage; they reasoned about issues such as the ability to scale up treatments in time and space, unforeseen or unforeseeable effects on ecosystems in time and space, and the role of industry in the implementation process. They argued that despite the potential availability of marine CDR, industry and the general public should stop polluting behaviors and practices. Nevertheless, the participants universally agreed that further research on all four CDR methods should be pursued to better understand effects on climate, ecosystems, local communities, and the economy.
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Douglas, Thomas A., Christopher A. Hiemstra, Miriam C. Jones, and Jeffrey R. Arnold. Sources and Sinks of Carbon in Boreal Ecosystems of Interior Alaska : A Review. U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41163.

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Boreal ecosystems store large quantities of carbon but are increasingly vulnerable to carbon loss due to disturbance and climate warming. The boreal region in Alaska and Canada, largely underlain by discontinuous permafrost, presents a challenging landscape for itemizing carbon sources and sinks in soil and vegetation. The roles of fire, forest succession, and the presence/absence of permafrost on carbon cycle, vegetation, and hydrologic processes have been the focus of multidisciplinary research in boreal ecosystems for the past 20 years. However, projections of a warming future climate, an increase in fire severity and extent, and the potential degradation of permafrost could lead to major landscape and carbon cycle changes over the next 20 to 50 years. To assist land managers in interior Alaska in adapting and managing for potential changes in the carbon cycle, this paper was developed incorporating an overview of the climate, ecosystem processes, vegetation, and soil regimes. The objective is to provide a synthesis of the most current carbon storage estimates and measurements to guide policy and land management decisions on how to best manage carbon sources and sinks. We provide recommendations to address the challenges facing land managers in efforts to manage carbon cycle processes. The results of this study can be used for carbon cycle management in other locations within the boreal biome which encompasses a broad distribution from 45° to 83° north.
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