To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Carbon sinks.
Journal articles on the topic 'Carbon sinks'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Carbon sinks.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
WANG, S. B., Z. J. SONG, X. Y. PAN, and S. H. XU. "RETHINKING FISHERY CARBON SINKS AND CARBON SINK FISHERIES." Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 23, no. 2 (2025): 3481–90. https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2302_34813490.
Full text
2
Brumfiel, Geoff. "Satellite to monitor carbon sinks sinks." Nature 457, no. 7233 (2009): 1067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/4571067b.
Full text
3
Olen, Stephanie M. "Drowning carbon sinks?" Nature Sustainability 4, no. 11 (2021): 925. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41893-021-00779-3.
Full text
4
Li, Yunyun, Linyu Zhang, and Wenjing Du. "Analysis of Forest Carbon Sink Projections in China." International Journal of Global Economics and Management 6, no. 3 (2025): 6–12. https://doi.org/10.62051/ijgem.v6n3.02.
Full textAbstract:
As carbon emissions continue to increase, forest carbon sinks can effectively neutralize carbon emissions, and predicting the potential of forest carbon sinks is of great significance to the achievement of the “double carbon” goal. In view of this, the forest carbon sink in the study area was calculated using the forest stock expansion method based on the national forest inventory data. On this basis, future forest carbon sinks were simulated and trended using a gray prediction GM (1, 1) model. The results show that the national and provincial forest carbon sinks are in an increasing trend from 2019-2028, with differences in forest carbon sinks in different provinces. Therefore, in the construction and management of forests in the future, we should comprehensively combine the geographic characteristics of different regions in China, follow the principle of adapting to local conditions, reasonably formulate forestry development plans for each region, give full play to the radiating role of provinces rich in forest carbon sinks, make full use of the advanced experience of their forest carbon sinks, improve the quality of existing forests, promote the enhancement of the function of forest carbon sinks, and effectively drive the development of forest carbon sinks in other regions, so as to promote the realization of China's “dual-carbon” goal.
5
Chen, Jia, Ke Ning, Zhongwu Li, Cheng Liu, Lingxia Wang, and Yaxue Luo. "The Potential of Ecological Restoration Programs to Increase Erosion-Induced Carbon Sinks in Response to Future Climate Change." Forests 13, no. 5 (2022): 785. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13050785.
Full textAbstract:
Erosion-induced carbon sinks are a wild card in the global carbon budget. Soil erosion results in aggregate carbon sequestration by reforming organic–inorganic complexes at depositional areas and plant reserves. The carbon sinks at the depositional sites are rarely considered in the prediction of erosion-induced carbon sink dynamics. The effects of large-scale ecological restoration programs (ERPs) in subtropical regions on soil carbon sinks are still unclear. This study analyzed the potential effects of ERPs on erosion-induced carbon sinks in a red soil hilly region (RSHR) from 2030 to 2060. Based on a land use dataset and two climate scenarios of moderate (RCP4.5) and high emission paths (RCP8.5), three land use change (LUC) patterns were designed: an Ecological Restoration (ER) pattern; a Business-As-Usual (BAU) pattern; and a No LUC pattern. The results of the ER pattern and BAU pattern were compared with those of the No LUC pattern to reflect the role of ERPs in reducing erosion and increasing erosion-induced carbon sinks. The results indicated that the erosion-induced carbon sinks of forestland increased (58 kg km−2) in the BAU pattern under the RCP8.5 scenario and erosion-induced carbon sinks of cropland increased (39 kg km−2) in the ER pattern under the RCP8.5 scenario. In RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, the erosion-induced carbon sinks of the RSHR increased by 210 Tg and 85 Tg from 2030 to 2060, respectively (1 Tg = 1012 g). The average annual erosion-induced carbon sink accounted for 3.84% and 1.41% of the annual average carbon sequestration of terrestrial ecosystems, respectively. Neither the BAU pattern nor the ER pattern achieved the purpose of increasing grassland carbon sinks induced by soil erosion. Therefore, the focus of future ERP optimization should be to increase grassland carbon sinks. Our study provides new evidence for research into erosion-induced carbon sinks to mitigate global climate change and a scientific basis for increasing erosion-induced carbon sinks in croplands, forestlands and grasslands in the RSHR of southern China.
6
Gu, Haolei, and Kedong Yin. "Forecasting algae and shellfish carbon sink capability on fractional order accumulation grey model." Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering 19, no. 6 (2022): 5409–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2022254.
Full textAbstract:
<abstract> <p>Marine biology carbon sinks function is vital pathway to earned carbon neutrality object. Algae and shellfish can capture CO<sub>2</sub> from atmosphere reducing CO<sub>2</sub> concentration. Therefore, algae and shellfish carbon sink capability investigate and forecast are important problem. The study forecast algae and shellfish carbon sinks capability trend base on 9 China coastal provinces. Fractional order accumulation grey model (FGM) is employed to forecast algae and shellfish carbon sinks capability. The result showed algae and shellfish have huge carbon sinks capability. North coastal provinces algae and shellfish carbon sinks capability trend smoothness. South and east coastal provinces carbon sinks capability trend changed drastically. The research advised coastal provinces defend algae and shellfish population, expand carbon sink capability. Algae and shellfish carbon sink resource will promote environment sustainable develop.</p> </abstract>
7
Xie, Yun Cheng, and Teng Wei Shao. "Research on Carbon Emission Trading Mechanism Including Forest Carbon Sinks." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 2967–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.2967.
Full textAbstract:
With the strict emissions control of greenhouse gases, the carbon source enterprises have to make a choice among the self-energy conservation to reduce emission ,allocation of emission right among enterprises and the purchase of forest carbon sinks. To implant forest carbon sinks to the carbon emission trading system, the carbon source enterprises with higher cost of emission reduction can undertake their corresponding emission reduction responsibility and reduce the emission cost, and the carbon source enterprises with lower cost of carbon emission reduction and the suppliers of forest carbon sinks can obtain the corresponding economic benefits. So the value compensation of forest ecological benefit can realized by market, which is beneficial to regulating the carbon emission behavior of carbon source enterprises, and encourages the carbon neutral behavior of forest carbon sinks, and promote the coordination and coupling of economic development and environmental protection.
8
Song, Shixiong, Mingjian Su, Lingqiang Kong, Mingli Kong, and Yongxi Ma. "Assessing the Economic Value of Carbon Sinks in Farmland Using a Multi-Scenario System Dynamics Model." Agriculture 15, no. 1 (2024): 69. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15010069.
Full textAbstract:
Exploring the economic value of carbon sinks in agricultural systems can improve the development of sustainable agriculture. However, there are few studies on the economic value of farmland carbon sinks from a systemic perspective. This study takes Zhejiang, China’s first common wealth demonstration zone, as an example, and quantifies the carbon sinks in farmland and their economic value. The driving mechanism is analyzed by using a system dynamics model. The potential value and management of farmland carbon sinks are discussed. The results show that from 2007 to 2021, the average annual carbon sinks in farmland of Zhejiang were 5.84 million tons, a downward trend. The annual economic value was CNY 149.80 million, a marked upward trend. A rational fertilization project is a win-win ecological and economical measure to enhance the carbon sinks in farmland. Artificially increasing the carbon price to 32% will help Zhejiang achieve the core goal of the common prosperity plan, bringing the urban–rural income gap below 1.9 in 2025. Achieving the economic value of farmland carbon sinks is a green way to narrow the urban–rural income gap. Our study indicates that the marketization of carbon sinks in agricultural land systems may be a very promising path to promote green agriculture.
9
Wang, Jiawei, Mengjiao Zhang, Shihe Zhou, and Yan Huang. "Research on the Spatiotemporal Evolution and Driving Factors of Forest Carbon Sink Increment—Based on Data Envelopment Analysis and Production Theoretical Decomposition Model." Forests 16, no. 1 (2025): 104. https://doi.org/10.3390/f16010104.
Full textAbstract:
Forest carbon sinks play a crucial role in mitigating global climate change and enhancing ecological sustainability. This study utilizes the production theoretical decomposition analysis (PDA) model to develop a decomposition framework for analyzing the drivers of input–output dynamics within the forest carbon sink system. The study specifically focuses on plant diseases and insect pests as undesirable output indicators. We thoroughly analyzed the development and increment in forest carbon sinks across Chinese provinces and regions from 2010 to 2021, along with the key drivers influencing these changes. Policy recommendations are provided to enhance the scientific management of forest carbon sinks and promote sustainable development. The study results indicate the following: (1) Forest carbon sinks in China and its three major regions have increased annually, with dynamic fluctuations in the carbon sink increments. The overall center of gravity has shifted from southwest to northeast. (2) The rate of change in forest carbon sinks varies across provinces and regions, with 93.548% of provinces and all three major regions showing positive growth. The rate of change in forest carbon sinks in the eastern region is significantly higher than in the western and central regions; (3) Technological changes in carbon sinks positively impacted forest carbon sink enhancement across all provinces and regions of China. However, changes in the technical efficiency of carbon sinks had a significant negative effect, and the intensity of plant diseases and insect pests may become a key driver inhibiting future forest carbon sink enhancement.
10
Wang, Yufei, Shuang Liang, Yuxin Liang, and Xiaoxue Liu. "A Comprehensive Accounting of Carbon Emissions and Carbon Sinks of China’s Agricultural Sector." Land 13, no. 9 (2024): 1452. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land13091452.
Full textAbstract:
Comprehensive accounting of carbon emissions and carbon sinks in the agricultural sector is crucial for China to achieve its carbon neutrality goal as early as possible. This paper develops a comprehensive and scientific accounting system to recalculate China’s agriculture sector’s carbon emissions and sinks from 1995 to 2020, taking into account both resource inputs and productive activities. Subsequently, the STIRPAT model is employed to predict alterations in carbon emissions and sinks across different scenarios. The results show that energy consumption, chemical inputs, and farmland soil management have surpassed livestock and poultry breeding as the main contributors to agricultural carbon emissions. Furthermore, this paper classifies 31 provinces in China into five distinct types based on the variations in agricultural carbon emissions and carbon sinks. These types include carbon sink-dominated regions, paddy planting-dominated regions, livestock farming-dominated regions, resource inputs-dominated regions, and composite factor-dominated regions. In addition, the extent of agricultural technology and the magnitude of agricultural development are the key factors impacting China’s agricultural carbon emissions and carbon sinks, respectively. Prior to 2045, agricultural carbon emissions must be directly reduced as much as possible, and their source must be controlled; following that year, the role of carbon sequestration will become more prominent, and the active development of agricultural carbon sinks will be more beneficial in achieving agricultural carbon neutrality.
11
Zhu, Hongge, Yingli Cai, Hong Lin, and Yuchen Tian. "Impacts of Cross-Sectoral Climate Policy on Forest Carbon Sinks and Their Spatial Spillover: Evidence from Chinese Provincial Panel Data." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 21 (2022): 14334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114334.
Full textAbstract:
This paper examines the impact of cross-sectoral climate policy on forest carbon sinks. Due to the complexity of the climate change issue and the professional division of labor among government departments, cross-sectoral cooperation in formulating climate policy is a desirable strategy. Forest carbon sinks play an important role in addressing climate change, but there are few studies focusing on forest carbon sinks and cross-sectoral climate policies. Thus, based on the panel data of 30 provinces and cities in China from 2007 to 2020, this paper establishes a benchmark regression model and a spatial panel model to analyze the impact of cross-sectoral climate policies on forest carbon sinks. We find that cross-sectoral climate policies positively impact forest carbon sinks. Under the influence of the “demonstration effect”, we find that cross-sectoral climate policies have a positive impact not only on the forest carbon sinks in the region but also on those in the neighboring region. Further analysis shows that for provinces with less developed forestry industry and small forest areas, the positive effect of cross-sectoral climate policies on forest carbon sinks is more obvious. Overall, this paper can serve as an important reference for local governments to formulate climate policies and increase the capacity of forest carbon sinks.
12
Liu, Qingshan. "Analysis of Influencing Factors on the Variation of Soluble Inorganic Carbon in Reservoirs in Wujiang River Basin." International Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies 3, no. 1 (2024): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.62051/ijnres.v3n1.11.
Full textAbstract:
Carbon cycle plays a very important role in geochemical biological processes, there are a large number of lost carbon sinks in the process of calculating carbon sinks, and the carbon sinks after river damming are part of the lost carbon sinks, mainly soluble inorganic carbon (DIC). Select the Wujiang River Basin as the study area, with the help of carbon isotope labeling method to express the change law of carbon elements in the reservoir, and analyze the change law of the vertical profile of DIC. It is concluded that the change law of DIC is affected by dam construction, dissolution of carbonate rocks and aquatic organisms.
13
Habeck, Martina. "Carbon Sinks Rules Finalized." Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 2, no. 1 (2004): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3868282.
Full text
14
McGuire, Thomas R., and Bernell Argyle. "More on Carbon Sinks." Physics Today 56, no. 5 (2003): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4797031.
Full text
15
Sarmiento, Jorge L., and Nicolas Gruber. "More on Carbon Sinks." Physics Today 56, no. 5 (2003): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4797033.
Full text
16
Sarmiento, Jorge L., and Nicolas Gruber. "Sinks for Anthropogenic Carbon." Physics Today 55, no. 8 (2002): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1510279.
Full text
17
Pitter, Richard L., William G. Finnegan, and Barbara A. Hinsvark. "More on Carbon Sinks." Physics Today 56, no. 5 (2003): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1583517.
Full text
18
Wu, Yanyou, and Yansheng Wu. "The Increase in the Karstification–Photosynthesis Coupled Carbon Sink and Its Implication for Carbon Neutrality." Agronomy 12, no. 9 (2022): 2147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12092147.
Full textAbstract:
Two of the most important CO2 sequestration processes on Earth are plant photosynthesis and rock chemical dissolution. Photosynthesis is undoubtedly the most important biochemical reaction and carbon sink processes on Earth. Karst geological action does not produce net carbon sinks. Photosynthesis and karstification in nature are coupled. Karstification–photosynthesis coupling can stabilize and increase the capacity of karstic and photosynthetic carbon sinks. Bidirectional isotope tracer culture technology can quantify the utilization of different inorganic carbon sources by plants. Bicarbonate utilization by plants is a driver of karstification–photosynthesis coupling, which depends on plant species and the environment. Carbonic anhydrase, as a pivot of karstification–photosynthesis coupling, can promote inorganic carbon assimilation in plants and the dissolution of carbonate rocks. Karst-adaptable plants can efficiently promote root-derived bicarbonate and atmospheric carbon dioxide use by plants, finally achieving the conjugate promotion of karstic carbon sinks and photosynthetic carbon sinks. Strengthening karstification–photosynthesis coupling and developing karst-adaptable plants will greatly improve the capacity of carbon sinks in karst ecosystems and better serve the “Carbon peak and Carbon neutralization” goals of China.
19
Wang, Mi, Zhuowei Hu, Xuetong Wang, et al. "Spatio-Temporal Variation of Carbon Sources and Sinks in the Loess Plateau under Different Climatic Conditions and Land Use Types." Forests 14, no. 8 (2023): 1640. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14081640.
Full textAbstract:
The carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems is intertwined with climate and changes in land use. Over the past 30 years, the Loess Plateau (LP) has experienced temperature increases and an expansion of forest and grassland. The net ecosystem productivity (NEP) underlying these changes is worth investigating. Using three periods (i.e., 1990–2000, 2000–2010, and 2010–2019) of annual average NEP and climatic, topographic, and land use data, we analyzed changes in the spatial distribution of carbon sources and sinks of the LP. Using an optimal parameter-based geographical detector model to discuss the driving factors of carbon sources and sinks, we found that: (1) The area of carbon sinks has been increasing continuously, and that the distributions of both of these elements are zonal. The carbon sinks show a downward trend from south to north, which is mainly driven by climate and land use type. (2) Carbon sources are mainly concentrated in the middle temperate zone, and they are mainly linked to impervious land, unused land, and grassland. The carbon sinks are mainly concentrated in the south temperate zone and plateau climatic zone, and they are mainly linked to forest, grassland, and cultivated land. Additionally, the southern temperate zone has been the most green, due to its superior hydrothermal conditions that sustain carbon sinks. (3) It is not uncommon for some forests, grasslands, and cultivated land to transition between being carbon sources and carbon sinks, especially when affected by human intervention and inadequate management measures. (4) NEP was primarily influenced by CO2 concentration, temperature, and precipitation, and the interaction of these factors greatly influenced the dynamics of carbon sources and sinks, while terrain exerted insignificant impacts on the NEP. This study highlights the importance of the carbon balance in terrestrial ecosystems and can be used to guide the creation of vegetation-based carbon sequestration policies.
20
Xu, Xiaojuan, Fusheng Jiao, Dayi Lin, et al. "Carbon Sink Trends in the Karst Regions of Southwest China: Impacts of Ecological Restoration and Climate Change." Land 12, no. 10 (2023): 1906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12101906.
Full textAbstract:
Southwest China (SWC) holds the distinction of being the world’s largest rock desertification area. Nevertheless, the impacts of climate change and ecological restoration projects on the carbon sinks in the karst area of Southwest China have not been systematically evaluated. In this study, we calculated carbon sinks by utilizing the Carnegie–Ames–Stanford Approach (CASA) model, and the actual measurements, including the net primary productivity (NPP) data and soil respiration (Rs,) were calculated to obtain carbon sink data. Our findings suggest that the carbon sinks in the karst areas are displaying increasing trends or positive reversals, accounting for 58.47% of the area, which is larger than the overall average of 45.08% for Southwest China. This suggests that the karst areas have a greater carbon sequestration potential. However, approximately 10.42% of carbon sinks experience negative reversals. The regions with increasing and positive reversals are primarily located in the western parts of Guizhou and Guangxi, while negative reversals are observed in the eastern parts of Chongqing, Guangxi, and Guizhou. Ecological restoration projects are the main driving factors for the carbon sinks with increasing trends. Increased humidity and ecological restoration management are the main reasons for the positive reversals of carbon sinks. However, warming and drought shift the carbon sinks from increasing to decreasing in Chongqing, east of Guangxi and Guizhou. The findings of this study highlight the significant role of ecological restoration projects and reexamine the impact of climate change on carbon sequestration.
21
Shen, Chuyi, and Jinghui Zhan. "Blue Carbon Estimation and Total Factor Productivity Evolution in China’s Marine Fisheries Industry." E3S Web of Conferences 629 (2025): 07004. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202562907004.
Full textAbstract:
Marine carbon sinks are an important pathway for mitigating climate change within marine ecosystems. As a part of blue carbon, shellfish and algae carbon sinks play a crucial role in carbon absorption and storage. This paper estimates the shellfish and algae carbon sinks in nine coastal provinces of China from 2005 to 2020. Based on fisheries input-output indicators, the study uses an enhanced DEA-SBM model to calculate the total factor productivity (TFP) of fisheries in these regions. Based on the findings, policy recommendations for blue carbon development and the green, low-carbon development of fisheries are proposed. The results show: (1) From 2005 to 2020, marine carbon sinks from shellfish and algae exhibited a steady increase, with shellfish accounting for a larger share of the carbon sink. (2) Spatially, Shandong Province experienced the highest growth in carbon sinks, while Fujian, Hainan and Zhejiang Province showed a decline. (3) Between 2005 and 2020, the total factor productivity of marine fisheries in the nine coastal provinces fluctuated, with a rebound observed by 2020.
22
Li, Zhi, Liuyue Zhang, Wenju Wang, and Wenwu Ma. "Assessment of Carbon Emission and Carbon Sink Capacity of China’s Marine Fishery under Carbon Neutrality Target." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 9 (2022): 1179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10091179.
Full textAbstract:
Excessive carbon emissions will cause irreversible damage to the human living environment. Therefore, carbon neutrality has become an inevitable choice for sustainable development. Marine fishery is an essential pathway for biological carbon sequestration. However, it is also a source of carbon emissions. From this perspective, an in-depth assessment of the performance of carbon emissions and sinks from marine fisheries is required to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality. This paper measured the carbon emissions, carbon sinks, and net carbon emissions of marine fisheries in nine coastal provinces of China from 2005 to 2020 for the first time. Based on the calculation results, the log-mean decomposition index method was used to analyze the driving factors of net carbon emissions. The results suggested that, from 2005 to 2020, both the carbon emissions and carbon sinks of China’s marine fisheries increased, and the net carbon emissions showed a downward trend. There were variations in the performance of carbon emissions, carbon sinks, and net carbon emissions in different provinces, and only Shandong could consistently achieve carbon neutrality. Fujian and Liaoning achieved carbon neutrality in 2020. In terms of the contribution of each factor, the industrial structure was the main positive driver, and carbon intensity was the main negative driver. Based on the empirical results, this paper suggested increasing the implementation of the carbon tax policy, establishing a farming compensation mechanism and promoting carbon emissions trading and international blue carbon trading. The results could give a reference for the energy conservation and emission reduction of marine fisheries while enhancing the ecological benefits of their carbon sinks and helping to achieve the carbon neutrality target.
23
St. Jean Conti, Donna. "Carbon sequestration as part of the global warming solution – Using software to combine environmental stewardship with economic benefit." Forestry Chronicle 84, no. 2 (2008): 162–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc84162-2.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of what carbon sequestration is, how forests are used as natural carbon sinks and how selling carbon credits is proving to be a potentially new revenue stream for organizations and other entities managing large tracks of forested area. Finally, this paper will show how Remsoft’s spatial planning and modeling software system enables efficient and effective management of forests as carbon sinks. Key words: carbon sequestration, carbon credits, carbon trading, forestry, forests as carbon sinks, spatial planning and modeling software, Remsoft
24
Vilkov, Arsenii, and Gang Tian. "Efficiency Evaluation of Forest Carbon Sinks: A Case Study of Russia." Forests 15, no. 4 (2024): 649. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f15040649.
Full textAbstract:
Forest carbon sinks in Russia are an integral part of the national “Low-carbon development strategy”. However, the influence of natural disasters and various land use policies in economic regions (ERs) raises the issue of forest carbon sink efficiency (FCSE). This study adopted a DEA-SBM model that considers undesirable outputs to measure FCSE, and the Malmquist index (MI) approach to analyze total factor productivity (TFP) of forest carbon sinks, using panel data from 2009 to 2021. The results show that the average FCSE was 0.788, with an improvement rate of 21.2%. Scale efficiency is the main factor constraining FCSE in Russia. In twelve ERs, forest carbon sinks are efficient only in the Kaliningrad and West Siberian ERs. In general, forest carbon sinks in Russia are inefficient mainly due to forest fires and other natural disturbances (82.33%); excessive logging activities (38.64%); and lack of carbon absorption capacity (31.70%). The average score of their TFP is 0.970, indicating a decline of 3% over the study period. This is primarily attributed to the decline of 1.6% in technological change. The productivity of forest carbon sinks remained static only in the Kaliningrad ER, while other economic regions performed deterioration trends. Therefore, Russia should enhance the efficiency of forest carbon sinks.
25
Xu, Guangyue, Peter Schwarz, Xiaojing Shi, and Nathan Duma. "Scenario Paths of Developing Forest Carbon Sinks for China to Achieve Carbon Neutrality." Land 12, no. 7 (2023): 1325. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12071325.
Full textAbstract:
To explore the role of forest carbon sinks in achieving carbon neutrality, the cointegration regression method and scenario analysis are utilized to forecast the long-term development trend of China’s forest carbon sinks up to the year 2100 and their impact on carbon neutrality. The results show that: (1) Under routine, accelerated, and strengthened ecological civilization scenarios (or RECS, AECS, and SECS, respectively), China’s forests are projected to absorb 531–645 million tons of carbon by 2050 and 2.32–4.69 billion tons of carbon by 2100, respectively, and the value of the strengthened scenario will be markedly higher than that of the routine scenario. (2) Driven by slower growth in forestry investment, China’s forest carbon sinks growth in all three scenarios peak by 2050 and then slow in a U-trend, with the growth rate in the SECS 0.45 percentage points higher than that of AECS, and the growth rate in the AECS 0.44 percentage points higher than that of RECS. (3) Under SECS, forest carbon sinks can help China achieve its carbon neutrality goal in 2054 (before the target date of 2060) with cumulative forestry investment of 53.3 trillion yuan and an annual investment growth rate of about 6.3%. Therefore, this study provides a deeper understanding than previous works of the important role of forest carbon sinks in achieving carbon neutrality.
26
Jiang, F., H. Wang, J. M. Chen, W. Ju, and A. Ding. "Nested atmospheric inversion for the terrestrial carbon sources and sinks in China." Biogeosciences Discussions 10, no. 1 (2013): 1177–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-10-1177-2013.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. In this study, we establish a~nested atmospheric inversion system with a focus on China using the Bayes theory. The global surface is separated into 43 regions based on the 22 TransCom large regions, with 13 small regions in China. Monthly CO2 concentrations from 130 GlobalView sites and a Hong Kong site are used in this system. The core component of this system is atmospheric transport matrix, which is created using the TM5 model with a horizontal resolution of 3° × 2°. The net carbon fluxes over the 43 global land and ocean regions are inverted for the period from 2002 to 2009. The inverted global terrestrial carbon sinks mainly occur in Boreal Asia, South and Southeast Asia, eastern US and southern South America (SA). Most China areas appear to be carbon sinks, with strongest carbon sinks located in Northeast China. From 2002 to 2009, the global terrestrial carbon sink has an increasing trend, with the lowest carbon sink in 2002. The inter-annual variation (IAV) of the land sinks shows remarkable correlation with the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). However, no obvious trend is found for the terrestrial carbon sinks in China. The IAVs of carbon sinks in China show strong relationship with drought and temperature. The mean global and China terrestrial carbon sinks over the period 2002–2009 are −3.15 ± 1.48 and −0.21 ± 0.23 Pg C yr−1, respectively. The uncertainties in the posterior carbon flux of China are still very large, mostly due to the lack of CO2 measurement data in China.
27
Gou, Lufeng, Wendan Deng, and Siwei Yang. "Research Status and Trend Analysis of Forestry Carbon Sinks: A Systematic Literature Review." Sustainability 17, no. 12 (2025): 5379. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17125379.
Full textAbstract:
With the increasing severity of global climate change and the growing international attention being paid to carbon emission reduction, forestry carbon sinks have emerged as a key strategy for mitigating climate change and achieving carbon neutrality due to their natural and economic benefits. To identify research hotspots and development trends in forestry carbon sinks, the literature search identified a total of 958 papers from Web of Science (N = 627) and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (N = 331). CiteSpace was used to conduct a visual co-occurrence and comparative analysis of the Chinese and international literature. The results indicated a significant increase in publications on forestry carbon sinks after 2020. English-language research was more deeply embedded in environmental science and ecology, with a focus on leveraging technological innovations for precise carbon sink measurement. In contrast, Chinese-language research placed greater emphasis on policy formulation and optimization related to carbon sinks. Based on the findings, several potential future research directions were proposed to support the sustainable development of forestry carbon sinks.
28
Wang, Nuo, Yuxiang Zhao, Tao Song, Xinling Zou, Erdan Wang, and Shuai Du. "Accounting for China’s Net Carbon Emissions and Research on the Realization Path of Carbon Neutralization Based on Ecosystem Carbon Sinks." Sustainability 14, no. 22 (2022): 14750. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142214750.
Full textAbstract:
Carbon sinks are an important way to achieve carbon neutrality. In this study, carbon emissions in each year from 2019 to 2060 were predicted by constructing the LEAP (Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning System)-China model. The ecosystem carbon sinks in five representative years of 2012, 2017, 2019, 2030, and 2060 were predicted by reviewing related literature to calculate China’s net carbon emission accounts in these five key years and to quantitatively analyze the path to achieving carbon neutrality in China. The results show that China’s annual carbon emissions will peak in 2028, with a peak of 10.27 billion tons of carbon dioxide; that they will then decrease year by year to 7227 million tons of carbon dioxide in 2060; and that the ecosystem carbon sinks generated by land use are more stable, with a total of approximately 5.5 billion tons of carbon dioxide. To achieve carbon neutrality, a dependence only on ecosystem carbon sinks is insufficient. National energy conservation, voluntary emission reduction by enterprises, and a reliance on new energy and new technologies are needed to ensure the final implementation of China’s carbon neutrality strategy.
29
Lian, Yuhang, Yi He, Li Wang, et al. "Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Forest Carbon Sinks in China’s Qinba Mountains: Insights from Sun-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence Remote Sensing." Remote Sensing 17, no. 8 (2025): 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17081418.
Full textAbstract:
Forest carbon sinks are crucial in mitigating climate change as integral components of the global carbon cycle. Accurately estimating forest carbon sinks using traditional remote sensing indices, such as Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI), presents significant challenges, particularly in complex terrains and regions with variable climates. These limitations hinder the effective capture of photosynthetic dynamics. To address this gap, this study leverages Sun-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence (SIF) remote sensing, highlighting its superiority over traditional indices in capturing photosynthetic processes and offering a more precise approach to estimating carbon sinks in climate-sensitive mountainous areas. Using SIF data from GOSIF, alongside models for light-use efficiency and ecosystem respiration, this study estimates forest carbon sinks in the Qinba Mountains of China during the growing season (June to September) from 2011 to 2018. The results are further validated and analyzed in terms of forest age and type. Key findings include: (1) The average annual forest carbon sinks during the growing season was approximately 24.51 TgC; (2) Spatially, higher carbon sinks values (average 36.79 gC·m⁻2·month⁻1) were concentrated in the western and central Qinba areas, while southeastern and central-northern regions exhibited lower values (average 7.75 gC·m⁻2·month⁻1); (3) Temporally, minimal interannual variation was observed in the northwest, whereas the southeast showed fluctuating trends, with an initial decline followed by an increase; (4) Forest carbon sinks was significantly influenced by forest age, type, and altitude. Our findings demonstrate that plantation forests aged 10 to 30 years exhibit superior carbon sequestration capacity compared to natural forests, while natural forests aged 70 to 90 years also show significant carbon sinks potential. These results underscore the crucial influence of forest characteristics on carbon sequestration dynamics. By examining these spatiotemporal patterns in the Qinba Mountains, our study offers valuable insights for advancing China’s ‘dual carbon’ goals, emphasizing the importance of strategic forest management in mitigating climate change.
30
Shao, Mingyu, Muhammad Adnan, Liankai Zhang, Pengyu Liu, Jianhua Cao, and Xiaoqun Qin. "Carbonate Mineral Dissolution and Its Carbon Sink Effect in Chinese Loess." Land 12, no. 1 (2022): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12010133.
Full textAbstract:
The relationship between the source and sink of atmospheric CO2 has always been a widely discussed issue in global climate change research. Recent studies revealed that the chemical weathering of carbonate rocks contributed to 1/3 (~0.5 Pg C/yr) of the missing carbon sinks (MCS) globally, and there are still 2/3 of MCS (~0.5 Pg C/yr) that need to be explored. As one of the main overburdened parts of the earth, loess is one of the important driving factors for atmospheric CO2 consumption. Here, we elaborated on the dissolution process and the carbon sink effect from carbonate and silicate minerals in loess. The relationship between carbonate dissolution and carbon source/sink is elucidated, and the mechanism of carbon sink formation from secondary carbonates in loess is clarified. Additionally, the commonly used methods for the identification of primary and secondary carbonates are summarized, and the methods for the study of loess carbon sinks and the influencing factors of loess carbon sinks are also revealed. Based on the research results and progress interpretations, the prospects of loess carbon sinks are discussed to provide a scientific basis for further research on loess carbon sinks.
31
Dejun, Yin, Zhang Min, Liu Huiyu, Xiang Siyuan, Yang Wu, and Yang Mingxing. "Ecology of Yuqing County Carbon Sink Calculation and Ecosystem Protection Measures." Applied Science and Innovative Research 7, no. 2 (2023): p84. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/asir.v7n2p84.
Full textAbstract:
Based on the remote sensing statistical data of land use of terrestrial ecosystems in Yuqing County, this paper calculates the amount of carbon sinks in the county according to the existing carbon sink carbon density index, compares the amount of different types of carbon sinks, and analyzes their respective carbon sink potential. The results show that the forest carbon sink is the largest, about 2.2 million tons, accounting for 75% of the total carbon sink in the county, showing the great potential of forest vegetation to absorb CO2 through photosynthesis, followed by the carbon sink produced by dry land (cultivated land), about 400,000 tons, accounting for 13% of the total carbon sink in the county; Although the amount of wetland aquatic carbon sink is small, its carbon density is very large, and it has the advantages of short renewal time and fast carbon sink, so it has great potential and can be artificially regulated to increase carbon sink. Based on the above research and analysis, combined with the spirit of the national carbon peak and carbon neutral policy and the natural law of ecosystem development, three measures to protect and increase carbon sinks in terrestrial ecosystems were put forward: (1) continuing to carry out forestry planting and do a good job in forestry protection; (2) stabilizing the surface water area and developing aquatic carbon sinks; (3) Establish a long-term monitoring system to ensure the contribution of carbon sinks, provide support for the protection of ecosystem and the development of carbon sink potential in Yuqing County from two aspects of science and management, and compare the amount of different types of carbon sinks, and analyze their carbon sink potential. On this basis, combined with the spirit of the national carbon peak and carbon neutral policy and the natural law of ecosystem development, three kinds of terrestrial ecosystem carbon sink protection and increase wording were put forward accordingly, which provided support for ecosystem protection and carbon sink potential development in Yuqing County from two aspects of science and management.
32
Yang, Wenjie, and Xiaoyun Mo. "Analysis of Interactions among Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Carbon Sinks, and Food Security in China’s Agricultural Systems." Agriculture 14, no. 5 (2024): 703. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14050703.
Full textAbstract:
Reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and increasing the size of carbon sinks are closely related to food security in agricultural systems. This study conducted an in-depth data analysis of previous studies to explore the dynamic causal relationships among the reduction of emissions, carbon sink increases, and food security in agricultural systems. The fixed-effect regression model, causality tests, PVAR model, impulse response functions, and variance decomposition were used to explore correlations among the three variables. The results show that the national average carbon sinks surged from 2662.194 Mg in 2000 to 4010.613 Mg in 2020, with the food security index concurrently climbing from 0.198 to 0.308. Moreover, GHG emissions exhibited a negative growth rate from 2016 onwards, yet the 2020 mean remained 142.625 Mg above the 2000 baseline. The agricultural “three subsidies” reform has not directly promoted food security, but significantly inhibited GHG emissions. However, conflicts exist between emissions reduction and carbon sinks increase in agricultural systems and food security. At the whole level, changes in carbon sinks only have a positive effect on the increase in GHG emissions, whereas changes in GHG emissions have a positive effect on both carbon sinks and food security. Changes in food security strongly inhibit the increase in carbon sinks. This relationship varies among distinct grain functional zones. Policy objectives should be coordinated, target thresholds set, and policies classified according to different functional orientations, to achieve a win–win situation for food supply and low-carbon development.
33
Zhang, Qiu Ju. "The Carbon Sink Estimation and Carbon Sink Increase Potential of Jiangmen, China." Advanced Materials Research 712-715 (June 2013): 3049–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.712-715.3049.
Full textAbstract:
The sequestration of forest, farmland, and Green garden carbon inJiangmen City during 2004 to 2010 has been estimated. The biggest carbon sink in 2010 is the forest, with an annual carbon sequestration of ; next is the farmland, with an annual carbon sequestration of . The C uptaken by these two types of carbon sinks accounts for 95% of all the carbon sinks in Jiangmen City. Potentials for the increase of carbon sinks are then discussed. To popularize growing green manure during winter may increase carbon sequestration at about every year. If all the newly established open forests in the whole City in 2010 are fenced for forest conservation, an annual carbon sequestration of may be expected to increase in two years. If the per mu yield of crops below the average of Guangdong Province in 2010 are increased to the average, an annual carbon sequestration of may increase.
34
Xing, ChangShan. "The oxygen concentration data in a forest canopy in 2020 in Beijing Gongqing Forestry Farm." F1000Research 12 (July 20, 2023): 856. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.129399.1.
Full textAbstract:
Background: With the outbreak of global climate problems in recent years, more and more countries have proposed carbon neutral plans. The measurement of forest carbon sinks is gradually becoming a research hotspot in the field of carbon sinks. Methods: Based on observations of the amount of change in oxygen concentration in the forest canopy, we propose a simple and accurate method of forest carbon sinks measurement. Conclusions: In this data note, we provide the data of oxygen concentration in the canopy of a 160-hectare forest in Beijing, and give a convenient equation for calculating the carbon sequestration and carbon sink according to the changes of 15 days oxygen concentration.
35
Hu, Quanxu, Jinhe Zhang, Huaju Xue, Jingwei Wang, and Aiqing Li. "Spatiotemporal Variations in Carbon Sources and Sinks in National Park Ecosystem and the Impact of Tourism." Sustainability 16, no. 18 (2024): 7895. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16187895.
Full textAbstract:
The capacity of carbon sinks varies among the different types of ecosystems, and whether national parks, as an important type of nature reserve, have a high carbon sink capacity (CSC) and whether eco-tourism in national parks affects their CSC are the main scientific issues discussed. Using MODIS Net Primary Production (NPP) product data, this study analysed the spatiotemporal variation in carbon sources and sinks (CSSs) in the ecosystem of Huangshan National Park from 2000 to 2020, as well as the impact of tourism on these carbon sources and sinks. The findings indicate that, while the ecosystems of national parks generally have a strong CSC, they may not always function as carbon sinks, and during the study period, Huangshan National Park served as a carbon source for four years. Temporally, the CSSs in the ecosystem of the national park exhibit a cyclical pattern of change with a four-year cycle and strong seasonality, with spring and autumn functioning as carbon sinks, and summer and winter as carbon sources. Spatially, the CSSs of the national park ecosystem exhibited a vertical band spectrum of spatial distribution, and the CSC showed a trend of gradual enhancement from low altitude to high altitude. Tourism is a major factor that has an impact on the CSC of national park ecosystems.
36
Fung, I. "CLIMATE CHANGE: Variable Carbon Sinks." Science 290, no. 5495 (2000): 1313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.290.5495.1313.
Full text
37
Hickman, Jonathan. "Carbon sinks and sinking tundra." Nature Geoscience 7, no. 11 (2014): 784. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2288.
Full text
38
Giles, Jim. "Norway sinks ocean carbon study." Nature 419, no. 6902 (2002): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/419006b.
Full text
39
Powlson, David, Pete Smith, David Powlson, Pete Smith, and Dennis Greenland. "SOILS AS CARBON SINKS: Foreword." Soil Use and Management 20, no. 2 (2004): 210–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/sum2004232.
Full text
40
Vanderheiden, Steve. "Territorial Rights and Carbon Sinks." Science and Engineering Ethics 23, no. 5 (2016): 1273–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11948-016-9840-8.
Full text
41
Wesemael, B. v. "Carbon Sinks and Conserving Biodiversity." Science 294, no. 5549 (2001): 2094–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.294.5549.2094.
Full text
42
Amesbury, Matthew J., Angela Gallego-Sala, and Julie Loisel. "Peatlands as prolific carbon sinks." Nature Geoscience 12, no. 11 (2019): 880–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41561-019-0455-y.
Full text
43
Baker, D. F. "CLIMATE CHANGE: Reassessing Carbon Sinks." Science 316, no. 5832 (2007): 1708–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1144863.
Full text
44
Yao, Qing, Junping Zhang, Huayang Song, et al. "Estimation of Vegetation Carbon Sinks and Their Response to Land Use Intensity in the Example of the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region." Forests 15, no. 12 (2024): 2158. https://doi.org/10.3390/f15122158.
Full textAbstract:
Accurate regional carbon sequestration estimates are essential for China’s emission reduction and carbon sink enhancement efforts to address climate change. Enhancing the spatial precision of vegetation carbon sink estimates is crucial for a deeper understanding of the underlying response mechanisms, yet this remains a significant challenge. In this study, the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region was selected as the study area. We employed the GF-SG (Gap filling and Savitzky–Golay filtering) model to fuse Landsat and MODIS data, generating high-resolution imagery to enhance the accuracy of NPP (Net Primary Productivity) and NEP (Net Ecosystem Productivity) estimates for this region. Subsequently, the Sen+MK model was used to analyze the spatiotemporal variations in carbon sinks. Finally, the land use intensity index, which reflects human activity disturbances, was applied, and the bivariate Moran’s spatial autocorrelation method was used to analyze the response mechanisms of carbon sinks. The results indicate that the fused GF-SG NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) data provided highly accurate 30 m resolution imagery for estimating NPP and NEP. The spatial distribution of carbon sinks in the study area showed higher values in the northeastern forest regions, relatively high values in the southeastern plains, and lower values in the northwestern plateau and central urban areas. Additionally, 58.71% of the area exhibited an increasing trend, with 11.73% showing significant or strongly significant growth. A generally negative spatial correlation was observed between land use intensity and carbon sinks, with the impact of land use intensity on carbon sinks exceeding 0.3 in 2010. This study provides methodological insights for obtaining vegetation monitoring data and estimating carbon sinks in large urban agglomerations and offers scientific support for developing ecological and carbon reduction strategies in the BTH region.
45
Yue, Shaofeng, Shidai Wu, Xiaoyan Li, Zhiguang Li, Yong Wu, and Xiaojian Zhong. "Evaluation of the Impact of Comprehensive Watershed Management on Carbon Sequestration Capacity of Soil and Water Conservation: A Case Study of the Luodi River Watershed in Changting County, Fujian Province." Water 16, no. 15 (2024): 2115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16152115.
Full textAbstract:
Soil and water conservation measures have good carbon sinking capacity, and the comprehensive management of small watersheds involves plant measures, engineering measures and farming measures, which profoundly affect the capacity of the three major carbon pools of soil, vegetation and water bodies, making them an ideal place to carry out the monitoring and accounting of carbon sinks in soil and water conservation. The purpose of this paper is to monitor and evaluate the carbon sinks of soil and vegetation, to provide techniques and methods for the implementation of dynamic monitoring and evaluation of carbon sinks in soil and water conservation projects, and to provide theoretical and methodological support for the participation of soil and water conservation projects in carbon trading and the study of the formulation of relevant rules. In this study, field sampling and analysis, LiDAR, remote sensing and other related parameters were used to account for the carbon storage of vegetation carbon pools and soil carbon pools in the Luodi River sub-watershed, Changting County, Fujian Province, from 2001 to 2022, and to evaluate the carbon sink capacity of the various soil and water conservation management measures in the sub-watershed. The results show that after 21 years of comprehensive management, various soil and water conservation measures in the Luodi River sub-basin have significantly enhanced the role and capacity of carbon sinks, and the sub-basin’s carbon stock increased by 3.97 × 104 t, with an average annual increase of 1.89 × 103 t/a. From the perspective of the carbon pools, the carbon stocks of soil and vegetation increased by 73.73% and 346.41%, respectively, from 2001 to 2022. The total carbon sunk in the sub-watershed reached 2.90 × 104 t, of which 1.57 × 104 t was in soil carbon sinks and 1.34 × 104 t was in vegetation carbon sinks. There were differences in the ability of various measures to enhance the increment of the carbon sink, among which the Castanea mollissima and the Fertilized Pinus massoniana Forest had the most obvious increase in carbon sunk, followed by the Mixed Needleleaf and Broadleaf Forest, the Nurture and Management Pinus massoniana Forest, and the Horizontal terraces Pinus massoniana Forest, and lastly, the Closed Management Forest and the Morella rubra. Various soil and water conservation measures have obvious effects of carbon retention, carbon sequestration and sink enhancement, while Castanea mollissima and Fertilized Pinus massoniana Forest and other forests that implement land preparation and afforestation with fertilization and nourishment measures have more significant increases in carbon sink capacity, which is an effective measure to improve the benefits of soil and water conservation and increase the amount of carbon sinks.
46
Alexandrov, Georgii, and Yoshiki Yamagata. "Verification of Carbon Sink Assessment: Can We Exclude Natural Sinks?" Climatic Change 67, no. 2-3 (2004): 437–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-004-2801-2.
Full text
47
Liu, Shuohua, Xiao Zhang, Yifan Zhou, and Shunbo Yao. "Spatiotemporal Evolution and Influencing Factors of Carbon Sink Dynamics at County Scale: A Case Study of Shaanxi Province, China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 24 (2021): 13081. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413081.
Full textAbstract:
To explore the spatiotemporal evolution of carbon sinks in Shaanxi Province, and their impact mechanisms, this study used panel data from 107 counties (districts) in Shaanxi Province from 2000 to 2017. First, we conducted spatial distribution directional analysis and exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA). Then, we constructed a geographic spatial weight matrix and used the spatial panel Durbin model to analyze the driving factors of carbon sink changes in Shaanxi Province, from the perspective of spatial effects. The results showed that: (1) The temporal evolution of carbon sinks during the study period showed an overall upward trend, but the carbon sinks of counties (districts) differed greatly, and the center of gravity of carbon sinks, as a whole, showed the characteristics of “south to north” migration. (2) The carbon sinks of Shaanxi Province have a significant positive global spatial autocorrelation in geographic space. The local spatial pattern was characterized by low-value agglomeration (low-low cluster) and high-value agglomeration (high-high cluster), supplemented by high-value bulge (high-low outlier) and low-value collapse (low-high outlier). (3) The result of the spatial measurement model proved that the spatial Durbin model, with dual fixed effects of time and space, should be selected. In the model results, factors such as population, per capita gross domestic product (GDP), local government general budget expenditure, and local government general budget revenue all reflect strong spatial spillover effects. Accordingly, in the process of promoting “carbon neutrality”, the government needs to comprehensively consider the existence of spatial spillover effects between neighboring counties (districts), and strengthen the linkage-management and control roles of counties (districts) in increasing carbon sinks.
48
Jiang, F., H. W. Wang, J. M. Chen, et al. "Nested atmospheric inversion for the terrestrial carbon sources and sinks in China." Biogeosciences 10, no. 8 (2013): 5311–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-5311-2013.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. In this study, we establish a nested atmospheric inversion system with a focus on China using the Bayesian method. The global surface is separated into 43 regions based on the 22 TransCom large regions, with 13 small regions in China. Monthly CO2 concentrations from 130 GlobalView sites and 3 additional China sites are used in this system. The core component of this system is an atmospheric transport matrix, which is created using the TM5 model with a horizontal resolution of 3° × 2°. The net carbon fluxes over the 43 global land and ocean regions are inverted for the period from 2002 to 2008. The inverted global terrestrial carbon sinks mainly occur in boreal Asia, South and Southeast Asia, eastern America and southern South America. Most China areas appear to be carbon sinks, with strongest carbon sinks located in Northeast China. From 2002 to 2008, the global terrestrial carbon sink has an increasing trend, with the lowest carbon sink in 2002. The inter-annual variation (IAV) of the land sinks shows remarkable correlation with the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The terrestrial carbon sinks in China also show an increasing trend. However, the IAV in China is not the same as that of the globe. There is relatively stronger land sink in 2002, lowest sink in 2006, and strongest sink in 2007 in China. This IAV could be reasonably explained with the IAVs of temperature and precipitation in China. The mean global and China terrestrial carbon sinks over the period 2002–2008 are −3.20 ± 0.63 and −0.28 ± 0.18 PgC yr−1, respectively. Considering the carbon emissions in the form of reactive biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) and from the import of wood and food, we further estimate that China's land sink is about −0.31 PgC yr−1.
49
Richao, Cong, Fujiyama Atsushi, and Matsumoto Toru. "Carbon sink quantification aids for achieving the zero-emission goal: A case study in Japan." Energy Reports 8, S9 (2022): 8–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.06.102.
Full textAbstract:
The Japanese government has issued its zero-GHG emission goal by 2050 and a short-term emission mitigation goal for 2030; however, some local communities face difficulties in making detailed mitigation plans. This study provided details on modelling and mapping carbon uptake (i.e., sinks from forest lands) at a high spatial resolution level in Fukuoka Prefecture in 2015. A scenario analysis was then conducted on the net carbon emissions by 2050 to discuss the achievement of the zero-carbon emission goal. The carbon sinks from forest land remaining in Fukuoka were estimated at a high spatial resolution level (forest managed-team level) for the year 2015. The carbon sinks from the pools (living biomass, deadwood, litter, and mineral soil) were approximately 2615 Gg CO2 yr −1. Carbon sinks from other forests (public-owned and private-owned) accounted for approximately 88.2%. The national forest carbon sinks account for approximately 11.8% of the total. The results of the BAU scenario showed that it was impossible to achieve its goal by 2050 without additional efforts on emission mitigation and uptake. As a result of the implemented scenarios, the goal could only be achieved by achieving the short-term mitigation goal for 2030 (3.2% decreased annually from the previous year), maintaining this mitigation trend until 2050, and increasing the level of carbon sink addition (5.3% annually increased from the previous year). This work will provide a precedent to support policymakers from global cities to clarify their net carbon emissions and make essential carbon mitigation and uptake goals.
50
Sierra, Carlos A., Susan E. Crow, Martin Heimann, Holger Metzler, and Ernst-Detlef Schulze. "The climate benefit of carbon sequestration." Biogeosciences 18, no. 3 (2021): 1029–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1029-2021.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Ecosystems play a fundamental role in climate change mitigation by photosynthetically fixing carbon from the atmosphere and storing it for a period of time in organic matter. Although climate impacts of carbon emissions by sources can be quantified by global warming potentials, the appropriate formal metrics to assess climate benefits of carbon removals by sinks are unclear. We introduce here the climate benefit of sequestration (CBS), a metric that quantifies the radiative effect of fixing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and retaining it for a period of time in an ecosystem before releasing it back as the result of respiratory processes and disturbances. In order to quantify CBS, we present a formal definition of carbon sequestration (CS) as the integral of an amount of carbon removed from the atmosphere stored over the time horizon it remains within an ecosystem. Both metrics incorporate the separate effects of (i) inputs (amount of atmospheric carbon removal) and (ii) transit time (time of carbon retention) on carbon sinks, which can vary largely for different ecosystems or forms of management. These metrics can be useful for comparing the climate impacts of carbon removals by different sinks over specific time horizons, to assess the climate impacts of ecosystem management, and to obtain direct quantifications of climate impacts as the net effect of carbon emissions by sources versus removals by sinks.