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1

Ajit, Das, Mandy Hansda Kamala, and Mahata Nagendranath. "Tuning of pore texture of carbon xerogels synthesized using resorcinol and paraformaldehyde as precursors." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 97, May 2020 (2020): 743–47. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5654935.

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Center for Adsorption and Reaction Engineering on Surface (CARES), Department of Chemistry, Sidho-Kanho-Birsha University, Purulia-723 104, West Bengal, India <em>E-mail</em>: nagendranath_mahata.chem@skbu.ac.in <em>Manuscript received online 20 December 2019, revised 22 January 2020, accepted 25 January 2020</em> Mesoporous carbon xerogels were synthesised using paraformaldehyde and resorcinol as precursors. Organic gel was obtained by sol-gel processing of the precursors. The wet gel was dried and then carbonized under nitrogen flow to obtain carbon xerogel. A series of carbon xerogels was s
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2

Abdelwahab, Abdalla, Francisco Carrasco-Marín, and Agustín F. Pérez-Cadenas. "Carbon Xerogels Hydrothermally Doped with Bimetal Oxides for Oxygen Reduction Reaction." Materials 12, no. 15 (2019): 2446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12152446.

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A total of two carbon xerogels doped with cobalt and nickel were prepared by the sol–gel method. The obtained carbon xerogels underwent further surface modification with three binary metal oxides namely: nickel cobaltite, nickel ferrite, and cobalt ferrite through the hydrothermal method. The mesopore volumes of these materials ranged between 0.24 and 0.40 cm3/g. Moreover, there was a morphology transformation for the carbon xerogels doped with nickel cobaltite, which is in the form of nano-needles after the hydrothermal process. Whereas the carbon xerogels doped with nickel ferrite and cobalt
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3

Strachowski, Przemysław, Wojciech Kiciński, Maciej Fronczak, Waldemar Kaszuwara, Piotr Baranowski, and Michał Bystrzejewski. "An activation-free route to porous magnetic carbon adsorbents for the removal of phenolic compounds." New Journal of Chemistry 43, no. 27 (2019): 10792–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nj01981b.

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Magnetic composite carbon xerogels were synthesized via acidic gelation of resorcinol and furfural in the presence of carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles with subsequent carbonization of the as-obtained magnetic organic xerogel.
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4

Canal-Rodríguez, Maria, Ana Arenillas, Sara F. Villanueva, Miguel A. Montes-Morán, and J. Angel Menénedez. "Graphitized Carbon Xerogels for Lithium-Ion Batteries." Materials 13, no. 1 (2019): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13010119.

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Carbon xerogels with different macropore sizes and degrees of graphitization were evaluated as electrodes in lithium-ion batteries. It was found that pore structure of the xerogels has a marked effect on the degree of graphitization of the final carbons. Moreover, the incorporation of graphene oxide to the polymeric structure of the carbon xerogels also leads to a change in their carbonaceous structure and to a remarkable increase in the graphitic phase of the samples studied. The sample with the highest degree of graphitization (i.e., hybrid graphene-carbon xerogel) displayed the highest capa
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5

Ammar, Muhammad, Aneela Wakeel, Muhammad Ali Nasir, and Muhammad Zubair. "Investigation of mechanical and thermal behavior of fiber-reinforced silica xerogel composites." PLOS ONE 19, no. 6 (2024): e0303293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0303293.

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Silica aerogels or xerogels are renowned dried gels with low density, high surface area, higher porosity, and better thermal stability which makes it suitable for aerospace, light weight structures, thermal insulation, and hydrophobic coatings. But brittle behaviour, low mechanical strength, and high manufacturing cost restrict its usage. Recently, the addition of various fibres like glass or carbon fiber is one of the best reinforcement methods to minimize the brittle behaviour. Supercritical drying technique usually used to develop aerogel that is expensive and difficult to produce in bulk q
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6

Quach, Nguyen Khanh Nguyen, Wein-Duo Yang, Zen-Ja Chung, and Hoai Lam Tran. "The Influence of the Activation Temperature on the Structural Properties of the Activated Carbon Xerogels and Their Electrochemical Performance." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8308612.

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The effect of activation temperature on the structural properties and the electrochemical performance of KOH-activated carbon xerogel was investigated in range of 700 to 1000°C. At a high temperature (1000°C), the chemical activation regenerated a more crystalline network structure of activated carbon xerogels, which was observed by Raman, XRD, and TEM images. Additionally, SEM images, BET, BJH, and t-plot were used to study the structural properties of carbon xerogels. The carbon xerogel sample activated at 900°C was found with the most appropriate structure, which has the high micropore area
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7

Eckert, Martin, Heena Suthar, and Jean-Francois Drillet. "Influence of Resorcinol to Sodium Carbonate Ratio on Carbon Xerogel Properties for Aluminium Ion Battery." Materials 15, no. 7 (2022): 2597. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15072597.

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Carbon xerogels were synthesized using a soft-template route with resorcinol as the carbon source and sodium carbonate as the catalyst. The influence of the resorcinol to catalyst ratio in the range of 500–20,000 on pore structure, graphitic domains, and electronic conductivity of as-prepared carbon xerogels, as well as their performance in an aluminium ion battery (AIB), was investigated. After carbonization steps of the polymers up to 800 °C, all carbon samples exhibited similar specific volumes of micropores (0.7–0.8 cm³ g−1), while samples obtained from mixtures with R/C ratios lower than
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8

Abdelwahab, Abdalla, Francisco Carrasco-Marín, and Agustín F. Pérez-Cadenas. "Binary and Ternary 3D Nanobundles Metal Oxides Functionalized Carbon Xerogels as Electrocatalysts toward Oxygen Reduction Reaction." Materials 13, no. 16 (2020): 3531. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13163531.

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A series of carbon xerogels doped with cobalt, nickel, and iron have been prepared through the sol–gel method. The doped carbon xerogels were further functionalized with binary and ternary transition metal oxides containing Co, Ni, and Zn oxides by the hydrothermal method. A development in the mesopore volume is achieved for functionalized carbon xerogel doped with iron. However, in the functionalization of carbon xerogel with ternary metal oxides, a reduction in pore diameter and mesopore volume is found. In addition, all functionalized metal oxides/carbon are in the form of 3D nanobundles wi
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9

Carvalho, Regina C., Carlos J. Durán-Valle, and Marta Adame-Pereira. "Unlocking the Potential of Chemically Modified Carbon Gels in Gallic Acid Adsorption." Gels 10, no. 2 (2024): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels10020123.

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This study deals with the preparation of adsorbents from a commercial xerogel by chemically modifying its surface with concentrated mineral acids and alkali metal chlorides, their physicochemical characterization, and their use as adsorbents for gallic acid in aqueous solution. Although there are publications on the use of carbon xerogels as adsorbents, we propose and study simple modifications that can change their chemical properties and, therefore, their performance as adsorbents. The adsorbate of choice is gallic acid and, to our knowledge, there is no history of its adsorption with carbon
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10

Kraiwattanawong, Kriangsak. "Porous Properties of Carbon/Carbon Composite Xerogels." Materials Science Forum 928 (August 2018): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.928.62.

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Carbon/carbon composite xerogels are prepared by a vacuum drying technique whereas a carbon cryogel is synthesized by a freeze drying technique to compare the effect of these drying methods at the selective synthesis condition. Resorcinol and formaldehyde are used to prepare a matrix phase and cotton fibers are acted as a disperse phase of the carbon/carbon composite xerogels. Here resorcinol and formaldehyde is utilized to synthesize the carbon cryogel only. The carbon/carbon composite xerogels and the carbon cryogel were analyzed by a nitrogen adsorption apparatus and a field emission scanni
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11

Ayu Lestari, Riani, Muthia Elma, Erdina Lulu Atika Rampun, et al. "Functionalization of Si-C Using TEOS (Tetra Ethyl Ortho Silica) as Precursor and Organic Catalyst." E3S Web of Conferences 148 (2020): 07008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202014807008.

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Silica network was tailored configuring siloxane (Si-O-Si) and silanol (Si-OH) groups which are essential to produce porous-structured materials. As silanols are hydrophilic, react with water to form fouling. This research address to actualize strategy for synthesizing highly functionalized silica carbon (Si-C) using hybrid organic-inorganic structures as the primary method for improving hydro-stability by employing precursor TEOS and organic catalyst through a sol-gel process. Catalysis employs citric acid or citric acid-ammonia whereas carbon templated into silica network. The synthesis sche
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12

Wolfs, Cédric, Stéphanie D. Lambert, Alexandre F. Léonard, and Julien G. Mahy. "Custom-Shaped Carbon Xerogel Materials by 3D Printing." Processes 10, no. 10 (2022): 1979. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10101979.

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Sol–gel-based carbon xerogels possess very promising properties for pollution abatement, using processes that associate adsorption and on-site electrochemical oxidation. However, combining a high exterior surface area (for efficient diffusion) and a monolithic shape (necessary for electrochemical processes) poses challenges. In this work, the shape of monolithic carbon xerogels was contrived by the use of 3D-printed molds. Several parameters were optimized: the choice of mold design, the choice of plastic, the 3D printer parameters, the solvent, and the process of dissolving the plastic. A des
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13

Mahato, Nihar Ranjan, Kamala Mandy Hansda, Ajit Das, Jayanta Banerjee, Sridhar Mondal, and Nagendranath Mahata. "Synthesis of Mesoporous Carbon Xerogel and Activation by Oxidative Treatment." Asian Journal of Chemistry 31, no. 10 (2019): 2139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2019.22009.

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Synthesis of carbon xerogel and modification of its surface by various oxidative treatments are explored. Organic gel was synthesized by following the conventional sol-gel approach using formaldehyde and resorcinol. The wet gel was dried under subcritical condition and then carbonized, leading to carbon xerogel. Subsequently, the carbon xerogel was subjected to surface activation by means of oxidative treatment with nitric acid, sulphuric acid as well as aerial oxidation. Surface acid/base properties of the carbon xerogel have been strongly altered by treatments with nitric acid as well as wit
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14

Labban, Najwa, Mulugeta Wayu, Ciara Steele, et al. "First Generation Amperometric Biosensing of Galactose with Xerogel-Carbon Nanotube Layer-By-Layer Assemblies." Nanomaterials 9, no. 1 (2018): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9010042.

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A first-generation amperometric galactose biosensor has been systematically developed utilizing layer-by-layer (LbL) construction of xerogels, polymers, and carbon nanotubes toward a greater fundamental understanding of sensor design with these materials and the potential development of a more efficient galactosemia diagnostic tool for clinical application. The effect of several parameters (xerogel silane precursor, buffer pH, enzyme concentration, drying time and the inclusion of a polyurethane (PU) outer layer) on galactose sensitivity were investigated with the critical nature of xerogel se
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15

Abdelrazek, Ghada M., Mohamed M. EL-Deeb, Ahmed A. Farghali, Agustín F. Pérez-Cadenas, and Abdalla Abdelwahab. "Design of Self-Supported Flexible Nanostars MFe-LDH@ Carbon Xerogel-Modified Electrode for Methanol Oxidation." Materials 14, no. 18 (2021): 5271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14185271.

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Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have emerged as promising electrodes materials for the methanol oxidation reaction. Here, we report on the preparation of different LDHs with the hydrothermal process. The effect of the divalent cation (i.e., Ni, Co, and Zn) on the electrochemical performance of methanol oxidation was investigated. Moreover, nanocomposites of LDHs and carbon xerogels (CX) supported on nickel foam (NF) substrate were prepared to investigate the role of carbon xerogel. The results show that NiFe-LDH/CX/NF is an efficient electrocatalyst for methanol oxidation with a current densi
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16

Khamkure, Sasirot, Prócoro Gamero-Melo, Sofía Esperanza Garrido-Hoyos, Audberto Reyes-Rosas, Daniella-Esperanza Pacheco-Catalán, and Arely Monserrat López-Martínez. "The Development of Fe3O4-Monolithic Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Carbon Xerogels Using Ultrasonic-Assisted Synthesis for Arsenic Removal of Drinking Water." Gels 9, no. 8 (2023): 618. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9080618.

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Inorganic arsenic in drinking water from groundwater sources is one of the potential causes of arsenic-contaminated environments, and it is highly toxic to human health even at low concentrations. The purpose of this study was to develop a magnetic adsorbent capable of removing arsenic from water. Fe3O4-monolithic resorcinol-formaldehyde carbon xerogels are a type of porous material that forms when resorcinol and formaldehyde (RF) react to form a polymer network, which is then cross-linked with magnetite. Sonication-assisted direct and indirect methods were investigated for loading Fe3O4 and a
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17

Alegre, C., M. E. Gálvez, D. Sebastián, R. Moliner, and M. J. Lázaro. "Influence of Synthesis pH on Textural Properties of Carbon Xerogels as Supports for Pt/CXs Catalysts for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells." International Journal of Electrochemistry 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/267893.

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Carbon xerogels (CXs) have been prepared by polycondensation of resorcinol and formaldehyde. Two synthesis pHs were studied in order to evaluate its influence on the electrochemical behaviour of Pt catalysts supported on previous carbon xerogels, synthesized by conventional impregnation method. Catalysts were also synthesized over a commercial carbon black (Vulcan-XC-72R) for comparison purposes. Characterization techniques included nitrogen physisorption, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Catalysts electrochemical activity towards the oxidation of carbon monoxide and methan
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18

Quach, Nguyen Khanh Nguyen, Wein-Duo Yang, Zen-Ja Chung, Hoai Lam Tran, and Rui Liu. "Investigation of the Characteristic Properties of Glacial Acetic Acid-Catalyzed Carbon Xerogels and Their Electrochemical Performance for Use as Electrode Materials in Electrical Double-Layer Capacitors." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5851841.

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Glacial acetic acid was used as a catalyst in the preparation process of carbon xerogels from the condensation of resorcinol and formaldehyde for shortening significantly the gelation time. The effect of the resorcinol/catalyst ratio over a large range of 2 to 500, the solvent exchange manner with acetone, and the pyrolysis temperature of 700 to 1000°C on the characteristic properties of the carbon xerogels were investigated. A resorcinol/catalyst ratio of 2 and a pyrolysis temperature at 800°C were found to be the optimal condition for the preparation of carbon xerogels with a well-balanced p
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19

Krestinin, A. V., E. I. Knerel’man, N. N. Dremova, and O. N. Golodkov. "CARBON NANOPAPER PRODUCED FROM CARBON NANOTUBES/RESORCINOL-FORMALDEHYDE XEROGEL NANOCOMPOSITE FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL SUPERCAPASITORS." Электрохимия 59, no. 9 (2023): 517–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0424857023090086.

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The nanocomposite of resorcinol-formaldehyde xerogel (RF-xerogel) and carbon nanotubes after carbonation at 800 °С was obtained in the form of composite carbon nanopaper (CCNP) with a thickness of 100-300 microns, a density from 0.1 g/cm2 to 0.5 g/cm2 and an electronic conductivity of more than 10 S/cm. According to the low temperature nitrogen adsorption data, the microporous structure of the nanopaper is formed by carbonized RF-xerogel, and the mesoporous structure is formed by the nanotube framework. The specific surface area of the nanopaper calculated by the method of nonlocal density fun
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20

Grishechko, L. I., G. Amaral-Labat, V. Fierro, A. Szczurek, B. N. Kuznetsov, and A. Celzard. "Biosourced, highly porous, carbon xerogel microspheres." RSC Advances 6, no. 70 (2016): 65698–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra09462g.

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21

Orge, C. A., J. J. M. Órfão, and M. F. R. Pereira. "Carbon xerogels and ceria–carbon xerogel materials as catalysts in the ozonation of organic pollutants." Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 126 (September 2012): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2012.06.029.

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22

Sumardi, Anna, Muthia Elma, Aptar Eka Lestari, et al. "Deconvolution of TEOS/TEVS Xerogel by Single or Dual Organic Catalyst Addition." Jurnal Kimia Valensi 6, no. 2 (2021): 208–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v6i2.17597.

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Currently, xerogel has been applied as a filtration material, especially in membrane desalination. However, the xerogel matrix structure for desalination have to be designed properly in order to allow rejection of salt and obtain good hydro-stability, thus, silica precursor in the form of TEOS (tetraethyl orthosilicate)/TEVS (triethoxy vinyl silane) and organic acid catalyst are suitable material for fabrication. The aim of this study is therefore to fabricate and perform deconvolution of TEOS/TEVS xerogel by adding single or dual catalyst, using FTIR (Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy)
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23

Flores-Lasluisa, Jhony Xavier, Bryan Carré, Joachim Caucheteux, Philippe Compère, Alexandre F. Léonard, and Nathalie Job. "Development of In Situ Methods for Preparing La-Mn-Co-Based Compounds over Carbon Xerogel for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in an Alkaline Medium." Nanomaterials 14, no. 16 (2024): 1362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano14161362.

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Metal oxides containing La, Mn, and Co cations can catalyze oxygen reduction reactions (ORRs) in electrochemical processes. However, these materials require carbon support and optimal interactions between both compounds to be active. In this work, two approaches to prepare composites of La-Mn-Co-based compounds over carbon xerogel were developed. Using sol-gel methods, either the metal-based material was deposited on the existing carbon xerogel or vice versa. The metal oxide selected was the LaMn0.7Co0.3O3 perovskite, which has good catalytic behavior and selectivity towards direct ORRs. All t
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24

Karamanova, Boryana, Emiliya Mladenova, Minju Thomas, et al. "Electrochemical Performance of Symmetric Solid-State Supercapacitors Based on Carbon Xerogel Electrodes and Solid Polymer Electrolytes." Gels 9, no. 12 (2023): 983. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9120983.

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For the development and optimization of solid-state symmetrical supercapacitors, herein, we propose using carbon-based electrodes and sodium- and lithium-form Aquivion electrolyte membranes, which serve as the separator and electrolyte. Carbon xerogels, synthesized using microwave-assisted sol-gel methodology, with designed and controlled properties were obtained as electrode materials. Commercial activated carbon (YP-50F, “Kuraray Europe” GmbH) was used as the active material for comparison. Notably, the developed solid-state symmetrical supercapacitors provide sufficiently high specific capa
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25

Sousa, Juliana P. S., Manuel F. R. Pereira, and José L. Figueiredo. "Carbon Xerogel Catalyst for NO Oxidation." Catalysts 2, no. 4 (2012): 447–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal2040447.

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26

Liu, Chunling, and Sridhar Komarneni. "Carbon-silica xerogel and aerogel composites." Journal of Porous Materials 1, no. 1 (1995): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00486526.

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27

Sarkar, Tamal, Kamla Rawat, Pratima R. Solanki, and H. B. Bohidar. "Carbon dots-embedded fluorescent silica xerogel." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 583 (December 2019): 123844. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.123844.

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28

Kapustin, S. N., M. K. Eseev, Yu V. Tsykareva, V. I. Voshchikov, and D. S. Lugvishchuk. "Superhydrophobic Coating Based on Decorated Carbon Nanoparticles." Физика и химия стекла 49, no. 5 (2023): 554–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0132665123600279.

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A method is proposed for increasing the resistance of a superhydrophobic coating based on a CNT xerogel to frost deposition through the use of decorating nanoparticles. The effects of the addition of fullerenes, carbon nanoonions (CNOs), detonation nanodiamonds, silicon dioxide, and paraffin to the xerogel are tested. An increase in the resistance of the coating to the deposition of condensate in the form of frost is revealed. The addition of fullerene C60 leads to the best results. Increasing the resistance to icing allows us to spend less power on heating the surface during short cold snaps,
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29

A. Wasfey, Madlin, Abdalla Abdelwahab, Francisco Carrasco-Marín, et al. "Nickel Cobaltite Functionalized Silver Doped Carbon Xerogels as Efficient Electrode Materials for High Performance Symmetric Supercapacitor." Materials 13, no. 21 (2020): 4906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13214906.

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Introducing new inexpensive materials for supercapacitors application with high energy density and stability, is the current research challenge. In this work, Silver doped carbon xerogels have been synthesized via a simple sol-gel method. The silver doped carbon xerogels are further surface functionalized with different loadings of nickel cobaltite (1 wt.%, 5 wt.%, and 10 wt.%) using a facile impregnation process. The morphology and textural properties of the obtained composites are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (
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30

LIU, LIHONG. "SINGLE-STEP SYNTHESIS OF COBALT-OXIDE SHELLED NANOCARBONS." International Journal of Nanoscience 04, no. 04 (2005): 591–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x05003255.

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In this paper, we report a simple solid-state method for fabricating cobalt-oxide–carbon core-shell nanostructures. With this technique, various forms of nanocarbons such as nanotubes, polyhedrons and onions can be generated via pyrolyzing cobalt–complex xerogels at 150 ~ 340°C. The thus-formed nanocarbons can be protected by cobalt-oxide matrix up to 1000°C in air atmosphere. Cobalt-oxide shelled or unshelled nanocarbons can be controlled by choosing a suitable complexing agent for the xerogel precursors. In particular, glycine has been proven to be a good complexing agent for low-temperature
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31

Amaral-Labat, Gisele, Manuella Gobbo C. Munhoz, Beatriz Carvalho da Silva Fonseca, et al. "Xerogel-like Materials from Sustainable Sources: Properties and Electrochemical Performances." Energies 14, no. 23 (2021): 7977. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14237977.

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Energy storage is currently one of the most significant technological challenges globally, and supercapacitor is a prominent candidate over batteries due to its ability for fast charging and long lifetime. Supercapacitors typically use porous carbon as electrodes, because of both the high conductivity and surface area of the material. However, the state-of-the-art porous carbon described in the literature uses toxic chemicals and complex procedures that enhance costs and pollute the environment. Thus, a more sustainable procedure to produce porous carbon is highly desirable. In this context, x
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32

Šljukić, B., M. Vujković, L. Amaral, et al. "Carbon-supported Mo2C electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 3, no. 30 (2015): 15505–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ta02346g.

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Molybdenum carbide (Mo<sub>2</sub>C) nanoparticles supported on carbon nanotubes and on carbon xerogel were evaluated as electrocatalysts for HER in acid media, showing good performance and stability.
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33

Santos, Gabriela Spirandelli dos, Clarice Moreira Goes, Juliana Giancoli Martins de Sousa, Nicolas Perciani de Moraes, Livia Chaguri, and Liana Alvares Rodrigues. "Evaluation of ZnO/Carbon Xerogel Composite as a Photocatalyst for Solar and Visible Light Degradation of the Rhodamine B Dye." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 21, no. 4 (2021): 2292–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2021.18962.

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This study is focused on the evaluation of the Rhodamine B photodegradation using ZnO/carbon xerogel composite as a photocatalyst, in order to enhance the photocatalytic process efficiency under visible light. The proposed synthesis employs tannin as a precursor for the carbon xerogel, which enhances the economic and environmental aspect of the composite. The synthesized materials have the hexagonal structure of the zinc oxide (wurtzite), which is homogeneously distributed on the carbonaceous matrix. The diffuse reflectance test shows that light absorption was significantly enhanced for the co
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34

Safri, Anam, and Ashleigh Jane Fletcher. "Concentration Dependence of TiO2 Nanoparticles in Carbon Xerogels on Adsorption–Photodegradation Applications." Gels 9, no. 6 (2023): 468. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9060468.

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A suite of composite materials comprising carbon xerogel content and TiO2 was synthesised via a modified sol–gel method. The textural, morphological, and optical properties of the composites were extensively characterised and correlated with the observed adsorption and photodegradation performances. The homogeneity and porous structure of the composites depended on the amount of TiO2 deposited in the carbon xerogel. During polymerisation, Ti-O-C linkages were formed, which favoured the adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of the target methylene blue dye. Adsorption was deemed favourable,
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35

Rastegar, Ayoob, Mitra Gholami, Ahmad Jonidi Jafari, Ahmad Hosseini-Bandegharaei, Majid Kermani, and Yeganeh Kosar Hashemi. "Use of NH4Cl for activation of carbon xerogel to prepare a novel efficacious adsorbent for benzene removal from contaminated air streams in a fixed-bed column." Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering 18, no. 2 (2020): 1141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40201-020-00533-5.

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Abstract Background Ammonium chloride as an explosive salt has proved to be a prominent activation agent for adsorbents and increase the specific surface area and volume of cavities. In this work, the ability of this substance was scrutinized for activation of carbon aerogel to prepare an efficient adsorbent for benzene removal from air streams. Methods A carbon xerogel was fabricated from Novallac polymer and activated by ammonium chloride.The changes in structure and morphology were considered via Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (F
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Ptaszkowska-Koniarz, Magdalena, Joanna Goscianska, Aleksandra Bazan-Wozniak, and Robert Pietrzak. "Amine-Modified Carbon Xerogels as Effective Carbon-Based Adsorbents of Anionic Dye from Aqueous Solutions." Materials 15, no. 16 (2022): 5736. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15165736.

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Carbon xerogels were obtained by polycondensation of resorcinol and formaldehyde in a water medium. Their surface was oxidized by ammonium persulfate and then modified with amine groups. Four amines were used: methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, and ethylenediamine, differing in carbon chain length and number of amine groups. The materials were characterized by low-temperature nitrogen sorption, elemental analysis, thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and determination of the surface oxygen group content with the use of the Boehm method. The final carbon adsorbents had
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Yoon, Hyoung-Ju, Jae Young Lee, Jae-Suk Lee, and Tae-Ho Yoon. "Monolithic carbon xerogel with co-continuous hierarchical porosity via one-step, template- and catalyst-free hydrothermal reaction with resorcinol and formaldehyde." RSC Advances 9, no. 17 (2019): 9480–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra00904c.

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Monolithic carbon xerogel (MCX) with co-continuous hierarchical porosity was prepared via a one-step, template- and catalyst-free hydrothermal polycondensation reaction with resorcinol, formaldehyde and distilled water.
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Zaul Kapri, Aimi Solihah, and Norhusna Mohamad Nor. "The role of xerogel in immobilising carbon quantum dots derived from oil palm mesocarp fibre: A potential adsorbent for CO2 capture." ESTEEM Academic Journal 21, March (2025): 41–58. https://doi.org/10.24191/esteem.v21imarch.4713.g3055.

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Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) often suffer from agglomeration and structural instability, significantly reducing their adsorption efficiency and reusability. This study investigates the role of xerogel in stabilising and immobilising CQDs derived from oil palm mesocarp fibre (MF) as a potential CO? adsorbent. The extracted MF cellulose was synthesised into CQDs via hydrothermal treatment and subsequently immobilised within a xerogel matrix (X-MF-CQDs). The CO? adsorption performance was evaluated through breakthrough and sorption capacity experiments, where X-MF-CQDs at a 1:50 dilution exhibited
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Hristea, Gabriela, Mihai Iordoc, and Andreea Culcea. "Nanocarbon Type Xerogel Materials Designed for Water Desalination." Materials 14, no. 17 (2021): 4932. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14174932.

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The relative performance of different porous solids in different applications is highly dependent on the internal pore structure of each material. Highly porous carbon materials can be prepared by evaporative drying and the pyrolysis of resorcinol-formaldehyde gels. By determining the correct synthesis parameters, the pore system of such materials can be reshaped. Depending on some important processing factors such as the dilution ratio or the initial pH of the precursor solution, various porous or non-porous carbon materials can be synthesized. This paper addresses carbon xerogels (CX) design
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Huang, Minhu, Seung Joon Yoo, Jae-Suk Lee, and Tae-Ho Yoon. "Electrochemical properties of an activated carbon xerogel monolith from resorcinol–formaldehyde for supercapacitor electrode applications." RSC Advances 11, no. 53 (2021): 33192–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra06462b.

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A monolithic carbon xerogel electrode for supercapacitors was prepared from resorcinol–formaldehyde, providing a specific capacitance of 323 F g−1via GCD at 1 A g−1 and 100% retention upon 5000 cycling tests.
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Kakunuri, Manohar, Sheetal Vennamalla, and Chandra S. Sharma. "Synthesis of carbon xerogel nanoparticles by inverse emulsion polymerization of resorcinol–formaldehyde and their use as anode materials for lithium-ion battery." RSC Advances 5, no. 7 (2015): 4747–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra15171b.

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Resorcinol–formaldehyde (RF) derived carbon xerogel nanoparticles synthesized by inverse emulsification followed by drying and pyrolysis exhibited excellent electrochemical characteristics and thus find potential use as high capacity anode materials for Li ion battery.
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Kim, Jae Won, Seoung Soo Lee, Sung Kang Hur, Yeon Gil Jung та Chang Yong Jo. "Synthesis of Heterogeneous β-SiC Nano-Particles and Nano-Whisker from TEOS/SiO2 Bead/PMMA Ternary Xerogel". Materials Science Forum 486-487 (червень 2005): 522–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.486-487.522.

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A modified sol-gel method is proposed for the preparation of silicon carbide nano-particles and nano-whisker. Tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), SiO2 bead, and PMMA as precursor of carbon source were used for preparing a ternary carbonaceous silicon xerogel, and morpholine is employed in the sol-gel process as a catalyst reagent. SiC nano-particles and nano-whisker were obtained from carbothermal reduction and vapor-solid (VS) reaction of the ternary xerogel at 1300°C for 9h in a dynamic argon atmosphere (flow rate; 600 cm3/min), and then purified by removing excess silica, residual carbon, and other i
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Fajardo-Puerto, Edgar, Nerea López-García, Abdelhakim Elmouwahidi, et al. "Size Control of Carbon Xerogel Spheres as Key Factor Governing the H2O2 Selectivity in Metal-Free Bifunctional Electro-Fenton Catalysts for Tetracycline Degradation." Gels 10, no. 5 (2024): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels10050306.

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Carbon xerogel spheres co-doped with nitrogen and eco-graphene were synthesized using a typical solvothermal method. The results indicate that the incorporation of eco-graphene enhances the electrochemical properties, such as the current density (JK) and the selectivity for the four transferred electrons (n). Additionally, nitrogen doping has a significant effect on the degradation efficiency, varying with the size of the carbon xerogel spheres, which could be attributed to the type of nitrogenous group doped in the carbon material. The degradation efficiency improved in the nanometric spheres
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Pelech, Iwona, O. S. G. P. Soares, Manuel F. R. Pereira, and José L. Figueiredo. "Oxidative dehydrogenation of isobutane on carbon xerogel catalysts." Catalysis Today 249 (July 2015): 176–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2014.10.007.

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Rodrigues, Liana Alvares, Tiago Moreira Bastos Campos, Manoel Orlando Alvarez-Mendes, Aparecido dos reis Coutinho, Kumiko Koibuchi Sakane, and Gilmar Patrocínio Thim. "Phenol removal from aqueous solution by carbon xerogel." Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology 63, no. 2 (2012): 202–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10971-012-2745-3.

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Yang, Bin, Chengxiang Yu, Qingni Yu, Xingwang Zhang, Zhongjian Li, and Lecheng Lei. "N-doped carbon xerogels as adsorbents for the removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution." RSC Advances 5, no. 10 (2015): 7182–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra12441c.

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The adsorption capacity for Pb, Zn and Cu ions in aqueous solution can be significantly improved by the introduction of N into the carbon xerogel (CX) matrix in the basis of the extraordinary textural property.
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Barbosa, Mariana Botelho, Jefferson Patricio Nascimento, Patricia B. Martelli, Clascidia Aparecida Furtado, Nelcy Della Santina Mohallem, and H. F. Gorgulho. "Electrochemical properties of carbon xerogel containing nitrogen in a carbon matrix." Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 162 (November 2012): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2012.02.005.

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Wang, Dong Hua, and Xin Fu. "Synthesis of High Surface Area Porous Silicon Carbide by Employing Soft Template in the Sol-Gel Process." Advanced Materials Research 148-149 (October 2010): 1629–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.148-149.1629.

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High surface area porous silicon carbide was synthesized by a modified sol-gel method. In the sol-gel method, furfuryl alcohol and tetraethoxysilane were used respectively as carbon and silicon precursors for preparing a carbonaceous silica xerogel. Polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS) was employed as pore-adjusting agent in the sol-gel process. SiC was obtained by the carbothermal reduction of the carbonaceous silica xerogel at 1300 oC in argon flow and then purified by removing excess silica, carbon and other impurities. XRD、FTIR、SEM、HRTEM and BET were used to characterize the SiC samples. The res
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Zhang, Yan, Haitao Wang, Yangfang Wu, and Min Li. "Effects of carbon nanomaterials on the aggregation of a bi-oxadiazole derivative (BOXD-T8) in DMF and its gel properties." New J. Chem. 38, no. 10 (2014): 4823–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4nj00605d.

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Mladenović, Dušan, Milica Vujković, Slavko Mentus, et al. "Carbon-Supported Mo2C for Oxygen Reduction Reaction Electrocatalysis." Nanomaterials 10, no. 9 (2020): 1805. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10091805.

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Molybdenum carbide (Mo2C)-based electrocatalysts were prepared using two different carbon supports, commercial carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and synthesised carbon xerogel (CXG), to be studied from the point of view of both capacitive and electrocatalytic properties. Cation type (K+ or Na+) in the alkaline electrolyte solution did not affect the rate of formation of the electrical double layer at a low scan rate of 10 mV s−1. Conversely, the different mobility of these cations through the electrolyte was found to be crucial for the rate of double-layer formation at higher scan rates. Molybdenum carb
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