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Journal articles on the topic 'Carbonatic and metallic surface'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Iancu, Lorena, Ramona Marina Grigorescu, Rodica-Mariana Ion, et al. "New Triple Metallic Carbonated Hydroxyapatite for Stone Surface Preservation." Coatings 13, no. 8 (2023): 1469. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13081469.

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This paper presents the synthesis of the triple substituted carbonated hydroxyapatite with magnesium, strontium and zinc (Mg-Sr-Zn-CHAp), as well as its structural, morphological and compositional characterization. The analytical techniques used (WDXRF, XRD and FTIR) highlighted, on the one hand, the B form for the apatite structure, as well as the presence of the three metal ions in the apatite structure, on the other hand (small shifts of 1120–900 cm−1 and 500–600 cm−1 absorption peaks due to the metals incorporated into the CHAp structure). The ratio between the metallic ions that substitut

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2

Dudek, Karolina, Mateusz Dulski, Jacek Podwórny, Magdalena Kujawa, Anna Gerle, and Patrycja Rawicka. "Functionalization of the NiTi Shape Memory Alloy Surface through Innovative Hydroxyapatite/Ag-TiO2 Hybrid Coatings." Materials 17, no. 3 (2024): 604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17030604.

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The objective of this research was to develop a surface modification for the NiTi shape memory alloy, thereby enabling its long-term application in implant medicine. This was achieved through the creation of innovative multifunctional hybrid layers comprising a nanometric molecular system of silver-rutile (Ag-TiO2), known for its antibacterial properties, in conjunction with bioactive submicro- and nanosized hydroxyapatite (HAp). The multifunctional, continuous, crack-free coatings were produced using the electrophoretic deposition method (EPD) at 20 V/1 min. Structural and morphological analy

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3

Ben Yaacov, Adva, Roey Ben David, David C. Grinter, Georg Held, and Baran Eren. "Identification of Adsorbed Species and Surface Chemical State on Ag(111) in the Presence of Ethylene and Oxygen Studied with Infrared and X-ray Spectroscopies." Physchem 1, no. 3 (2021): 259–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/physchem1030020.

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Using a combination of two surface-sensitive spectroscopy techniques, the chemical state of the Ag(111) surface and the nature of the adsorbed species in the presence of ethylene and oxygen gases are identified. In the 10 mbar pressure range and 25–200 °C studied here, Ag(111) remains largely metallic even in O2-rich conditions. The only adsorbed molecular species with a low but discernible coverage is surface carbonate, which forms due to further oxidation of produced CO2, in a similar manner to its formation in ambient air on Ag surfaces. Its formation is also pressure-dependent, for instanc

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4

Dutta, Abhijit, Kiran Kiran, Motiar Rahaman, et al. "Insights from Operando and Identical Location (IL) Techniques on the Activation of Electrocatalysts for the Conversion of CO2: A Mini-Review." CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 75, no. 9 (2021): 733–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2021.733.

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In this mini-review we compare two prototypical metal foam electrocatalysts applied to the transformation of CO2 into value-added products (e.g. alcohols on Cu foams and formate on Bi foams). A substantial improvement in the catalyst performance is typically achieved through thermal annealing of the as-deposited foam materials, followed by the electro-reduction of the pre-formed oxidic precursors prior or during the actual CO2 electrolysis. Utilizing highly insightful and sensitive complementary operando analytical techniques (XAS, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy) we demonstrate that this catalyst

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5

Sokol, Ella, Svetlana Kokh, Olga Kozmenko, et al. "Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Mud Volcanic Ejecta: A New Look at Old Issues (A Case Study from the Bulganak Field, Northern Black Sea)." Minerals 8, no. 8 (2018): 344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min8080344.

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We characterise the mineralogy and geochemistry of Oligo-Miocene Maykopian shales that are currently extruded by onshore mud volcanoes of the Kerch-Taman Province (the Northern Black Sea) from the depths of ~2.5–3 km. The ejected muds are remarkable by highly diverse authigenic mineralogy that comprises glauconite, apatite, siderite, mixed Fe–Mg–Mn–(Ca) and Mn–Ca–Fe-carbonates, pyrite, marcasite, sphalerite, cinnabar, chalcopyrite, nukundamite, akantite, native Cu, Au and Au–Ag alloys. Precise geochemical techniques and high-resolution methods are applied to study the composition of bulk rocks

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6

Sirenko, H. O., M. B. Skladanyuk, and L. M. Soltys. "Metallization of Carbon Fibers by Double and Triple Copper Composition." Фізика і хімія твердого тіла 16, no. 1 (2015): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/pcss.16.1.185-192.

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The theoretical foundations of physics and chemistry and application technology of single- and double-layer coating based on Cu0+Cu2O, Ni0+P, Pb0 on the surface of carbonated fibers have been reviewed. The changes of surface layers crystal structure of carbon fibres in the course of copper-plating have been investigated. The metallic coating process using modified formaldehyde and zinc technology was realized. It is established that copper content in copper – copper oxide increases when using two-layer alternately modified formaldehyde and zinc methods.

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7

Branzei, Mihai, Mihai Ovidiu Cojocaru, Leontin Nicolae Druga, and Mariana Ion. "Obtaining the Controlled Sulphonitrocarburized Layer Phase Compositions, by the Variation of the Solid Powdery Medium Components." Revista de Chimie 71, no. 7 (2020): 225–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.20.7.8240.

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Simultaneous saturation of the metallic surface with sulphur, nitrogen and carbon � named sulphonitrocarburizing (SNC) process - may be carried out in a multitude of variants, differ in media state of aggregation which provide the elements in native state, or differ in phase composition. The most commonly used media in SNC process are liquid or gaseous and from standpoint of phase composition, there are media made of compounds generator of the cyanides, representing important source of carbon and nitrogen, and as a sulphur source, may be used iron sulphide, sodium sulphide, sodium thiocyanides

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8

Rendek, Louis J., Gary S. Chottiner, and Daniel A. Scherson. "Effects of Surface Impurities on the Reactivity of Metallic Lithium toward Propylene Carbonate." Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters 5, no. 4 (2002): A77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.1459680.

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9

Ion, Rodica-Mariana, Lorena Iancu, Gabriel Vasilievici, et al. "Ion-Substituted Carbonated Hydroxyapatite Coatings for Model Stone Samples." Coatings 9, no. 4 (2019): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9040231.

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Carbonated hydroxyapatite derivatives (CHAp) and its metallic derivatives (Ag, Sr, Ba, K, Zn) have been prepared and characterized in this paper and their coating capacity on some model stone samples have been evaluated and discussed. These compounds were characterized by using several analytical tools, including X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), to determine the purity of the CHAp sample. The XRD and FTIR results confirmed the presence of AB-carbonated type CHAp. The thermal analysis (TGA) established two stages

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10

Canto, Jorge, Roberto Ademar Rodríguez-Díaz, Lorenzo Martinez Martinez-de-la-Escalera, Adrian Neri, and Jesus Porcayo-Calderon. "Corrosion Inhibition in CO2-Saturated Brine by Nd3+ Ions." Molecules 28, no. 18 (2023): 6593. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28186593.

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This study reports the use of an inorganic corrosion inhibitor to mitigate dissolved CO2-induced corrosion. Using electrochemical techniques (polarization curves, open circuit potential, polarization resistance, and electrochemical impedance), the effect of adding Nd3+ ions on the corrosion resistance of X52 steel immersed in CO2-saturated brine at 20 °C and 60 °C was evaluated. The polarization curves showed that the Icorr values tend to decrease with increasing Nd3+ ion concentration, up to the optimal inhibition concentration, and that the corrosion potential increases at nobler values. Ope

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11

Takahashi, H., Y. B. Tian, J. Sasaki, et al. "Effects of Sodium Carbonate and Ceria Concentration on Chemo-Mechanical Grinding of Single Crystal Si Wafer." Advanced Materials Research 76-78 (June 2009): 428–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.76-78.428.

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Chemo-mechanical grinding (CMG) process is a promising process for large-sized Si substrate fabrication at low cost. An encountered issue in current CMG process of Silicon (Si) wafers is metallic contaminations on ground Si wafer surface, which is attributed to the existence of sodium carbonate in wheel compounds. In this paper, four different CMG wheels were developed and grinding experiments were conducted to study the effects of exclusion of sodium carbonate and concentration of ceria abrasive on grinding performance. The grinding characteristics of the four wheels were analysized and discu

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12

Alpatov, S. S., F. A. Vasiliev, V. Kh Aleshina, T. A. Vagramyan, and O. A. Semenikhin. "Electrodeposition of lithium in the presence of surfactants." Èlektrohimiâ 60, no. 5 (2024): 349–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0424857024050037.

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The aim of the work was to study the possibility of suppressing the formation of dendrites of metallic lithium during the operation of secondary lithium batteries, including those with a metallic lithium anode. The electrochemical deposition of lithium on copper and lithium substrates in the presence and absence of two surfactants, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and hexadecylpyridinium bromide was studied by current transient and electrochemical impedance methods. A typical lithium-ion battery electrolyte based on lithium hexafluorophosphate and a mixture of ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl

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13

Fu, Sha, Xuanzhi Xie, Xiaoyi Huangyang, et al. "Ameliorating Phosphonic-Based Nonflammable Electrolytes Towards Safe and Stable Lithium Metal Batteries." Molecules 28, no. 10 (2023): 4106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28104106.

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High-energy-density lithium metal batteries with high safety and stability are urgently needed. Designing the novel nonflammable electrolytes possessing superior interface compatibility and stability is critical to achieve the stable cycling of battery. Herein, the functional additive dimethyl allyl-phosphate and fluoroethylene carbonate were introduced to triethyl phosphate electrolytes to stabilize the deposition of metallic lithium and accommodate the electrode–electrolyte interface. In comparison with traditional carbonate electrolyte, the designed electrolyte shows high thermostability an

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14

Kumar, H., A. K. Sharma, and A. S. Rajawat. "APPLICATIONS OF IMAGING SPECTROSCOPY FOR NON-METALLIC MINERAL EXPLORATION." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-5 (November 27, 2018): 835–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-5-835-2018.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Imaging spectroscopy/hyperspectral remote sensing technique acquires images in a very narrow and contiguous spectral bands. High spectral resolution data provided by imaging spectrometers enables remote compositional mapping of earth surface. In the present study, we demonstrate the potentials of airborne AVIRIS-NG datasets for identification and mapping of non-metallic minerals. Several minerals such as carbonates, sulphates and phyllosilicate exhibit diagnostic absorption feature in Short Wave Infrared Region (SWIR) (2.0&amp;ndash;2.5<sp

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15

Dwijaya, Made Subekti, Muhammad Satrio Utomo, Syafira Nur Ajeng Ramadhanti, et al. "Deposisi Kalsium Karbonat pada Ti-6Al-6Mo[CALCIUM CARBONATE DEPOSITION ON TI-6AL-6MO]." Metalurgi 36, no. 1 (2021): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/metalurgi.v36i1.583.

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Osseointegration is one of important property in development of implant materials for orthopedic applications. While biocompatible metallic materials such as titanium alloys should already have adequate biocompatibility properties as implant materials, their osseointegration property could be further improved by bioceramic coating. Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and hydroxyapatite are two major bioceramics in bones that can be utilized to improve the osseointegration property of metallic implant materials. Current challenge on bioceramic coating of metallic implant materials is to obtain coating me

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16

Li, Zihao, Xianhuai Chen, Jinghuan Chen, Huazhen Chang, Lei Ma, and Naiqiang Yan. "Flower-like Co3O4 Catalysts for Efficient Catalytic Oxidation of Multi-Pollutants from Diesel Exhaust." Catalysts 12, no. 5 (2022): 527. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12050527.

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Nowadays, the oxidation activity at the low-temperature regime for Co3O4 catalysts needs to be improved to meet the stringent regulation of multi-pollutant diesel exhaust. Herein, nanoflower-like Co3O4 diesel oxide catalysts (DOCs) were fabricated with the addition of a low-content Pt to trigger better catalytic activities for oxidizing multi-pollutants (CO, C3H6, and NO) emissions by taking advantage of the strong-metal supporting interaction. Compared to the conventional DOCs based on Pt/Al2O3, the as-synthesized Pt/Co3O4 catalysts not only exhibited better multi-pollutants oxidation activit

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17

S., Fait, Fakhi S., El Mzibri M., et al. "Distribution of metallic trace elements (ETM) in surface soils around the Mediouna discharge (southern of Casablanca)." Chemistry International 3, no. 4 (2017): 378–85. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1473357.

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The objective of present research was to characterize the surface soils located at 300, 600 and 1000 m of an uncontrolled landfill. The work also aims to evaluate the levels and spatial distribution of metallic trace elements (Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, Zn, Cr, Co and As) in these soils. Soil samples were collected in 36 points around the landfill. Results showed that Cd, Pb, Zn are concentrated in the soils rich in clay and carbonates, and in organic matter, located at 300 m from the landfill. The basic pH of all soils enhances the retention of these metals. On the other hand, As present in soils at 300

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18

Ielo, Ileana, Fausta Giacobello, Silvia Sfameni, et al. "Nanostructured Surface Finishing and Coatings: Functional Properties and Applications." Materials 14, no. 11 (2021): 2733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14112733.

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This review presents current literature on different nanocomposite coatings and surface finishing for textiles, and in particular this study has focused on smart materials, drug-delivery systems, industrial, antifouling and nano/ultrafiltration membrane coatings. Each of these nanostructured coatings shows interesting properties for different fields of application. In this review, particular attention is paid to the synthesis and the consequent physico-chemical characteristics of each coating and, therefore, to the different parameters that influence the substrate deposition process. Several t

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19

Duan, Ning, Yao Wen Gao, Teng Zhang, Ke Ming Wu, and Yin Feng Zhang. "Study on Water-Based Paint Stripper for Tinplate." Advanced Materials Research 690-693 (May 2013): 2071–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.2071.

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A novel water-based paint stripper was prepared for white, metallic ink and varnish coated on the tinplate steel surface. The effect of accelerator and surfactant on stripping efficiency was investigated with the types and dosage of the accelerator and surfactant, the stripping temperature and stirring up condition. The highest stripping efficiency was achieved with the stripper composited by (mass fraction) 35% benzyl alcohol, 6% propanediol carbonate, 10% formic acid, 2% cetyl tri-methyl ammonium bromide (CTMAB) and 47% distilled water, respectively. This paint stripper had low volatility, a

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20

Kim, Sang Youl, Han-Seung Lee, and Jin-Ho Park. "Deposition of Different Metallic Coatings as Repair Materials for Concrete by Using a Twin-Wire Arc Thermal Spray Process." Applied Sciences 12, no. 23 (2022): 11874. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122311874.

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Using a concrete surface, the ingress of aggressive ions and the initiation of the corrosion reaction of an embedded steel rebar were studied. To reduce the corrosion reaction of the embedded steel rebar, either a coating on the steel rebar or a repair material was used on the concrete surface. Therefore, in the present study, 200 µm thick Cu, Ti, and 85Zn-15Al were used as repair materials, and their coatings were deposited on the concrete surface using a twin-wire arc thermal spray process. Different experiments such as bond adhesion, water permeability, immersion in a 5 wt.% NaCl solution,

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21

Shuhayeu, Pavel, Olaf Dybiński, Karolina Majewska, et al. "Degradation and Corrosion of Metal Components in High-Temperature Fuel Cells and Electrolyzers: Review of Protective Approaches." Energies 18, no. 13 (2025): 3317. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18133317.

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High-temperature fuel cells and electrolyzers, particularly molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFCs) and Molten Carbonate Electrolyzers (MCEs), are expected to play a critical role in clean power generation, hydrogen production, and integrated CO2 separation. Unfortunately, despite their potential, these technologies have not yet reached full commercialization. The main reason for this is material degradation. In particular, the corrosion of metallic components continues to be a leading cause of performance loss and system failure. This review provides a comprehensive assessment of degradation mech

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22

Panaghie, Cătălin, Georgeta Zegan, Alina Sodor, et al. "Analysis of Degradation Products of Biodegradable ZnMgY Alloy." Materials 16, no. 8 (2023): 3092. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16083092.

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Biodegradable metallic materials are increasingly gaining ground in medical applications. Zn-based alloys show a degradation rate between those recorded for Mg-based materials with the fastest degradation rate and Fe-based materials with the slowest degradation rate. From the perspective of medical complications, it is essential to understand the size and nature of the degradation products developed from biodegradable materials, as well as the stage at which these residues are eliminated from the body. This paper presents investigations conducted on the corrosion/degradation products of an exp

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23

Deng, Xiaoqing, Yu Ding, Xiaobing Wang, Xiaojing Jia, Shuo Zhang, and Xiang Li. "Insight into the Properties of Plasmonic Au/TiO2 Activated by O2/Ar Plasma." Nanomaterials 12, no. 1 (2021): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12010106.

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The performance of CO oxidation over plasmonic Au/TiO2 photocatalysts is largely determined by the electric discharge characteristics and physicochemical properties of discharge gas. To explore the activation mechanism of Au/TiO2, an O2 and Ar mixture gas as a discharge gas was employed to activate Au/TiO2. The photocatalytic activity in CO oxidation over activated Au/TiO2 was obtained, and the electric discharge characteristics, Au nanoparticle size, surface chemical state, optical property and CO chemisorption were thoroughly characterized. As the O2 content increases from 10% to 50%, the am

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24

Tarhan, Niyazi. "Field and physical properties of carbonatoblastites (known as carbonatites): rock forests." South Florida Journal of Development 5, no. 12 (2024): e4733. https://doi.org/10.46932/sfjdv5n12-007.

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Until today, it was known that carbonites developed in the form of magmatic origin intrusions, carbonatite dykes, pegmatitic, heads, stocks, veins and lenses, which are rarely seen in nature. However, as a result of our research (field, petrography, mineralogy etc.), it was determined that carbonatites are definitely not magmatic in origin. On the contrary, carbonatites are formed from pure-impure carbonate/limestones with different units of metamorphic, rootless, primary source rocks derived in solid phase and in-situ within the regional dynamo-thermal Tarhan metamorphism cycle. Within the re

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Shutilov, A. A., M. N. Simonov, V. E. Fedorova, A. S. Marchuk, I. G. Danilova та G. A. Zenkovets. "Peculiarities of the formation of catalysts, based on γ-Al2O3 modified with Ca2+ and Ni2+ ions, highly active and resistant to carbonization in dry reforming of methane into syngas reaction: relationship between physical-chemical and catalytic properties". Kataliz v promyshlennosti 24, № 6 (2024): 48–59. https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0387-2024-6-48-59.

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NixCa1-xAl2O4 samples, where x = 0.1-0.5, were obtained by co-precipitation followed by drying on air at room temperature. After calcination in air at 700 °C, an oxide compound with a defective structure g-Al2O3, in which Ni2+ and Ca2+ ions are stabilized, as well as highly dispersed fragments of NiAl2O4 and NiO was formed. After pretreatment stage (reducing in H2-containing mixture) and work in the reaction medium, nickel is partially reduced to the metallic state and leaves the structure of the compound, forming on the surface highly dispersed Ni0 particles with a size of 3–15 nm. Calcium is

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Raaen, Steinar. "Adsorption of Carbon Dioxide on Mono-Layer Thick Oxidized Samarium Films on Ni(100)." Nanomaterials 11, no. 8 (2021): 2064. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11082064.

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Studies of adsorption of CO2 on nanoscopic surfaces are relevant for technological applications in heterogeneous catalysis as well as for sorption of this important greenhouse gas. Presently, adsorption of carbon dioxide on pure and oxidized thin samarium layers near mono-layer thickness on Ni(100) has been investigated by photoelectron spectroscopy and temperature programmed desorption. It is observed that very little CO2 adsorb on the metallic sample for exposures in the vacuum regime at room temperature. For the oxidized sample, a large enhancement in CO2 adsorption is observed in the desor

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Pellicer, Eva, and Jordi Sort. "(Invited) Mesoporous Metallic Materials Electrodeposited from Polymeric Micelle Assemblies for Energy Applications." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 21 (2023): 1287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-02211287mtgabs.

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The surfactant-assisted electrodeposition is an effective means to obtain high-quality mesoporous materials in a rather simple synthesis approach. Commercial or home-made block copolymers can be dissolved in aqueous media above their critical micelle concentration to serve as a soft template in the so-called electrodeposition from polymeric micelle assemblies or micelle-assisted electrodeposition in short [1]. The nanoscale porosity of the resulting films, which extends throughout the whole surface and entire film thickness, endow them with large surface-to-volume (S/V) ratios. Such large S/V

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Nguyen, Thuy Ha, Han Bom Kim, and Eun Duck Park. "CO and CO2 Methanation over CeO2-Supported Cobalt Catalysts." Catalysts 12, no. 2 (2022): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12020212.

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CO2 methanation is a promising reaction for utilizing CO2 using hydrogen generated by renewable energy. In this study, CO and CO2 methanation were examined over ceria-supported cobalt catalysts with low cobalt contents. The catalysts were prepared using a wet impregnation and co-precipitation method and pretreated at different temperatures. These preparation variables affected the catalytic performance as well as the physicochemical properties. These properties were characterized using various techniques including N2 physisorption, X-ray diffraction, H2 chemisorption, temperature-programmed re

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ASARE, ELLIOTT, YIMIN YENG, and JOSEPH KISH. "Materials performance considerations in hydrothermal liquefaction conversion of biomass." TAPPI Journal 24, no. 6 (2025): 281–88. https://doi.org/10.32964/tj24.6.281.

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Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is a promising thermochemical route developed to convert woody biomass and biowaste to biochemicals and bio-oils. However, the operating conditions are rather harsh to biorefinery structural metallic components. These conditions include alkaline catalysts such as potassium carbonate (K2CO3); hot, pressurized (sub-critical) water reaction; and medium and aggressive anions chlorine (Cl•) and hydrogen sulfide (H•) released from biomass feedstocks. Thus, selection of suitable structural alloys for biorefinery components involves striking a balance between mechanical

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Li, Hao, Qing Lin Xie, Nan Chun Chen, Hui Xu, and Li Li Ma. "Research Progress of Adsorption on Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solutions by Modified Diatomite." Key Engineering Materials 697 (July 2016): 766–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.697.766.

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Pollution of heavy metals has become a serious environmental problem and it needs to be solved as soon as possible. Diatomite is a kind of biogenic rock and it is siliceous and sedimentary. There is abundant diatomite resource in China. Diatomite has distinctive structure of diatom monoblock. It has strong adsorbability, its specific area is large and it has high porosity. Its surface adheres a lot of active groups and negative charge. Diatomite with proper modification would show outstanding absorption effect of heavy metal ions. This paper reviewed the absorption efficiency of heavy metal io

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Tarhan, Niyazi. "THE WORLDS RICHEST METABLASTIC ORE DEPOSITS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH CARBONATOBLASTIC ROCKS OF METAMORPHIC ORIGIN (KNOWN AS CARBONATITES)." International Journal of Advanced Research 12, no. 12 (2024): 1061–85. https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/20114.

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In the Geology/Earth Sciences literature, carbonatites are accepted as rocks of magmatic origin that are rarely seen in nature as intrusions, carbonatite dykes, veins, pegmatitics, stocks, sills and lenses. The view that carbonatites are of magmatic origin and rarely seen in nature is definitely not true. On the contrary Carbonatites are rootless, metamorphic origin, a new type of modern metamorphic rocks, pure-impure leucocratoblastic (light colored, rock composed of different carbonate origin/based crystalloblast neominerals) carbonatoblastic rocks / carbonatoblastites / carbonatoblastic roc

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Huynh, Tuyên Thi Kim, Kha Minh Lê, Thịnh Gia Phùng, Hoàng Văn Nguyễn, and Phụng Mỹ Loan Lê. "Synthesis and electrochemical properties of Na0:67Mn0:75Ni0:25O2 in carbonate-based electrolytes." Science and Technology Development Journal - Natural Sciences 5, no. 3 (2021): first. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjns.v5i3.1032.

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In this work, a single phase of P2-Na0:67Mn0:75Ni0:25O2 (NaMNO) material was successfully synthesized via a coprecipitation method with the size varying from 2 to 4 mm. According to the atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), all the metallic elements were uniformly distributed in the bulk material with the desired ratio Mn¸Ni = 3¸1. The electrochemical properties of P2-NaNMO were investigated in carbonate-based electrolytes using 1M NaClO4 or 1M NaPF6. Among these electrolytes, this cathode exhibited the best electrochemical performance with initial capacity up to 205.7 mAh/g and capacity reten

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Morales, Miguel, Sandra Gordon, Óscar Fernández-Arana, et al. "Duplex Stainless Steels for Thermal Energy Storage: Characterization of Oxide Scales Formed in Carbonate Salts at 500 °C." Metals 12, no. 12 (2022): 2156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12122156.

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Next generation concentrated solar power (CSP) plants promise a higher operating temperature and better efficiency. However, new issues related to the corrosion against protection of the construction alloys need to be solved. In this work, two different duplex stainless steels grades, namely 2205 (DS2205) and 2507 (DS2507), were evaluated for their compatibility with the eutectic molten salt mixture of Li2CO3-K2CO3-Na2CO3 at 500 °C in air for thermal energy storage applications. Corrosion tests combined with complementary microscopy, microanalysis and mechanical techniques were employed to stu

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Idriss, Hicham, and Jordi Llorca. "Low Temperature Infrared Study of Carbon Monoxide Adsorption on Rh/CeO2." Catalysts 9, no. 7 (2019): 598. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9070598.

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Fundamental studies of the interaction of adsorbates with metal oxides alone and on which a noble metal is deposited provide information needed for catalytic reactions. Rh/CeO2 is one of the textbook catalysts for many reactions including syngas conversion to ethanol, water gas shift reaction (WGSR), and ethanol steam reforming. In this work, the adsorption of CO is studied by infrared (IR) spectroscopy, over CeO2 and 0.6 at. % Rh/CeO2 at a temperature range of 90 to 300 K. CeO2 is in the form of nanoparticles with sizes between 5 and 10 nm and exposing predominantly {111} surface termination

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Wang, Yian, Jie Zhang, Junjian Zheng, et al. "Thermal Preparation and Application of a Novel Silicon Fertilizer Using Talc and Calcium Carbonate as Starting Materials." Molecules 26, no. 15 (2021): 4493. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26154493.

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The deficiency of available silicon (Si) incurred by year-round agricultural and horticultural practices highlights the significance of Si fertilization for soil replenishment. This study focuses on a novel and economical route for the synthesis of Si fertilizer via the calcination method using talc and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) as starting materials. The molar ratio of talc to CaCO3 of 1:2.0, calcination temperature of 1150 °C and calcination time of 120 min were identified as the optimal conditions to maximize the available Si content of the prepared Si fertilizer. X-ray diffraction (XRD) an

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Brzezińska, Magdalena, Patricia García-Muñoz, Agnieszka Ruppert, and Nicolas Keller. "Photoactive ZnO Materials for Solar Light-Induced CuxO-ZnO Catalyst Preparation." Materials 11, no. 11 (2018): 2260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11112260.

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In this work, the solar light-induced redox photoactivity of ZnO semiconductor material was used to prepare CuxO-ZnO composite catalysts at room temperature with a control of the chemical state of the copper oxide phase. Cu2(I)O-ZnO and Cu(II)O-ZnO composite catalysts were prepared by using Cu(acac)2 in tetrahydrofuran-water and Cu(NO3)2 in water as metallic precursor, respectively. Prior to the implementation of the photon-assisted synthesis method, the most efficient photoactive ZnO material was selected from among different ZnO materials prepared by the low temperature polyol and precipitat

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Roman, Ana-Maria, Ramona Cimpoeșu, Bogdan Pricop, et al. "Influence of Dynamic Strain Sweep on the Degradation Behavior of FeMnSi–Ag Shape Memory Alloys." Journal of Functional Biomaterials 14, no. 7 (2023): 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb14070377.

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Iron-based SMAs can be used in the medical field for both their shape memory effect (SME) and biodegradability after a specific period, solving complicated chirurgical problems that are partially now addressed with shape-memory polymers or biodegradable polymers. Iron-based materials with (28–32 wt %) Mn and (4–6 wt %) Si with the addition of 1 and 2 wt % Ag were obtained using levitation induction melting equipment. Addition of silver to the FeMnSi alloy was proposed in order to enhance its antiseptic property. Structural and chemical composition analyses of the newly obtained alloys were per

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Rebelo, Rita, Jorge Padrão, Margarida M. Fernandes, et al. "Aging Effect on Functionalized Silver-Based Nanocoating Braided Coronary Stents." Coatings 10, no. 12 (2020): 1234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10121234.

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A previously developed fiber-based polyester (PES) stent, with mechanical properties comparable to commercial nitinol stents, was coated with metallic silver (Ag0) and silver oxides (AgxO) thin films through direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering. Ag0 and AgxO coatings provide antimicrobial properties to the stents to minimize the occurrence of coronary stent infections. Nevertheless, the stent interacts with the atmosphere and then with the biological fluids and may lead to the generation of silver species with diminished antimicrobial efficiency and/or prone to induce cytotoxicity. Therefo

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Suárez-García, F., J. I. Paredes, M. Pérez-Mendoza, J. Nauroy, A. Martínez-Alonso, and J. M. D. Tascón. "Porosity Development in Carbon Nanofibers by Physical and Chemical Activation." Journal of Nano Research 17 (February 2012): 211–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jnanor.17.211.

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In this Work we Have Compared the Effects of Physical Activation with CO2and Chemical Activation with KOH on Porosity Development in Vapor Grown Carbon Nanofibers (CNFs). both Physical and Chemical Activations Result in Micro- and Mesoporosity Development in the Studied Cnfs. under this Work’s Conditions, Chemical Activation with KOH Was More Efficient than Physical Activation with CO2in Terms of Surface Area Increase Regarding the Fresh Material (7.5-Fold versus 4-Fold, Respectively, under the Optimal Conditions Found for each Type of Activation). Atomic Force Microscopy Indicated that, altho

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Huang, Junwei, Qiwu Zhang, Hongchao Li, and Chao Wang. "Difficulties and Recent Achievements in Flotation Separation of Fluorite from Calcite—An Overview." Minerals 12, no. 8 (2022): 957. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12080957.

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As an important strategic non-metallic mineral resource, fluorite has been widely used in various industrial fields, such as metallurgy, optics and semiconductor manufacturing, as well as fluorine-related chemical engineering. Since the major gangue minerals of fluorite ore are silicate and carbonate ones, flotation is the main beneficiation method for the concentration. Compared with the relatively easy operation for silicate-type fluorite ore, fluorite concentration from calcite has always been the most difficult challenge in the field of mineral processing. In this review, analyses of the f

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Blaseio, Sonja, Abhijit Dutta, Carsten Dosche, et al. "Oxide-Metal Transition Processes of Cu_xO Foams during CO2RR Probed by Operando Quick-XAS." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 62 (2024): 4215. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-02624215mtgabs.

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Electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is a promising alternative for large-scale production of hydrocarbons. However, there are still some challenges including poor product selectivity and highly complex multiple-step reaction mechanisms.[1,2] To enhance the electrochemically active surface area and create more active surface sites, one of the promising approaches is the use of partial or complete (surface) oxidation of nanostructured copper materials. These Cu oxide precursor catalyst materials are not stable during the cathodic potentials applied for CO2RR, but still show an enhance

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Liu, Chenxu, Xiaosong Li, Xinxin Li, Weizi Li, Yu Tian, and Yonggang Meng. "On-Line Feedback Control of Sliding Friction of Metals Lubricated by Adsorbed Boundary SDS Films." Lubricants 10, no. 7 (2022): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants10070148.

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The on-line feedback control of sliding friction of metallic tribopairs lubricated by adsorbed sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) films was demonstrated on a customized tribosystem, in which the external electric field applied on the tribopair was modulated in feedback according to the electrical contact resistance signal. When a positive voltage was applied, the adsorption of SDS anions on the surface of tribopair was enhanced so that the boundary film was stable. When the contact resistance increased to a pre-set threshold (e.g., 6~10 Ω), which indicated the formation of a relatively complete boun

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Khadra, Mahdi, Elisabeth Marie-Victoire, Myriam Bouichou, Christian Crémona, and Stéphanie Vildaer. "New warning sensors to detect corrosion risk in reinforced concrete." MATEC Web of Conferences 289 (2019): 06002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201928906002.

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Corrosion is the most frequent but also the most deleterious deterioration mechanism affecting reinforced concrete. In addition to the economic impact of the repair works, for historical concrete structures, corrosion can generate irreversible losses of original material of great cultural value. If the usual non-destructive electrochemical methods have highlighted their efficiency in evaluating on-going corrosion activity, they also have pointed out their drawbacks for accurate extrapolation and prevention. To prevent the corrosion phenomenon, by detecting the penetration of aggressive agents,

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Ahmad, Muhammad Ashfaq, Khalil Ahmad, Hu Li, et al. "Synergistic Electrochemical Properties of Graphene Incorporated LCZ-Oxide Cathode for Low Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell." Crystals 13, no. 3 (2023): 434. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst13030434.

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Mixed metallic oxides are getting increasing attention as novel electrode materials for energy conversion devices. However, low mixed ionic-electronic conductivity and high operating temperature hamper the practical applications of these devices. This study reports an effective strategy to improve the conductivity and performance of the fuel cell at low temperature by partially incorporating graphene in the Li0.1Cu0.2Zn0.7-oxide (LCZ) composite. The proposed cathode material is synthesized via the cost effective conventional solid-state route. Graphene incorporated LCZ shows excellent performa

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Kostecki, Robert, Hyungyeon Cha, Andrew Dopilka, et al. "(Invited) A Study of Si-based Metallic Glass Anodes for Li-ion Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 2 (2024): 291. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-022291mtgabs.

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Silicon has been considered a promising low-cost negative electrode material for high-energy lithium-ion batteries due to its high gravimetric (400 Wh kg–1) and volumetric energy density (> 800 Wh L–1), low operating voltage (~0.3 V) and abundance in the Earth crust. During the past decades, development of Si-based negative electrodes has been greatly accelerated by modification of morphology, size, composition, and surface engineering. Accordingly, the cycle life of Si-based cells has improved dramatically over the years and is now approaching performance targets showing > 300 Wh kg–1 e

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Tsiotsias, Anastasios I., Nikolaos D. Charisiou, Ioannis V. Yentekakis, and Maria A. Goula. "Capture and Methanation of CO2 Using Dual-Function Materials (DFMs)." Chemistry Proceedings 2, no. 1 (2020): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/eccs2020-07567.

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The conversion of CO2, captured from flue gases, into synthetic natural gas (SNG) aims to create a closed carbon cycle, where excess H2 produced from renewables is utilized to transform CO2 released from existing conventional power plants into a reliable and high energy density carrier, that is CH4. In the last five years, extensive research effort has been dedicated to the synthesis and optimization of composite materials for the realization of this process. These materials, also known as dual-function materials or DFMs, typically consist of an alkaline metal oxide or carbonate phase, along w

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Xu, Hang, Qiao Han, Muhammad Adnan, et al. "Global Environmental Geochemistry and Molecular Speciation of Heavy Metals in Soils and Groundwater from Abandoned Smelting Sites: Analysis of the Contamination Dynamics and Remediation Alternatives in Karst Settings." Toxics 13, no. 7 (2025): 608. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13070608.

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Abandoned smelting sites in karst terrain pose a serious environmental problem due to the complex relationship between specific hydrogeological elements and heavy metal contamination. This review combines work from across the globe to consider how karst-specific features (i.e., rapid underground drainage, high permeability, and carbonate mineralogy) influence the mobility, speciation, and bioavailability of “metallic” pollutants, such as Pb, Cd, Zn, and As. In some areas, such as Guizhou (China), the Cd content in the surface soil is as high as 23.36 mg/kg, indicating a regional risk. Molecula

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Morales, Miguel, Laura Cabezas, Manuel Castro-Alloca, Gemma Fargas, Luis Llanes, and Antonio Mateo. "Corrosion Evaluation of Austenitic and Duplex Stainless Steels in Molten Carbonate Salts at 600 °C for Thermal Energy Storage." Metals 12, no. 12 (2022): 2190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12122190.

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Next-generation concentrated solar power (CSP) plants are required to operate at temperatures as high as possible to reach a better energy efficiency. This means significant challenges for the construction materials in terms of corrosion resistance, among others. In the present work, the corrosion behavior in a molten eutectic ternary Li2CO3-Na2CO3-K2CO3 mixture at 600 °C was studied for three stainless steels: an austenitic grade AISI 301LN (SS301) and two duplex grades, namely 2205 (DS2205) and 2507 (DS2507). Corrosion tests combined with complementary microscopy, microanalysis and mechanica

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Arifiadi, Anindityo, Lennart Wichmann, Feleke Berehane Demelash, et al. "Non-Dendritic Lithium Plating Enabled By LiBF₄ and Lidfob Salts Prevents Rollover Failiure in High-Voltage Li Ion Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 7 (2024): 905. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-027905mtgabs.

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Increasing the upper cut-off voltage (UCV) offers a pragmatic way to enhance energy density of Li ion batteries (LIBs). Nevertheless, it is accompanied by rapid capacity fade, and in the worst case, by a rollover failure. Rollover failure originates from high surface area lithium (HSAL) formation and subsequently, active lithium losses (ALL), which is triggered by transition metal deposits (TM) on the negative electrode in the course of electrode crosstalk. The electrolyte is capable to alter this failure cascade, either via suppressing TM dissolution and/or scavenging dissolved TMs. While the

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Meng, Yongtao, Xiao Zhang, Wei-Hsuan Hung, et al. "Highly active oxygen evolution integrated with efficient CO2 to CO electroreduction." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 48 (2019): 23915–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1915319116.

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Electrochemical reduction of CO2 to useful chemicals has been actively pursued for closing the carbon cycle and preventing further deterioration of the environment/climate. Since CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) at a cathode is always paired with the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at an anode, the overall efficiency of electrical energy to chemical fuel conversion must consider the large energy barrier and sluggish kinetics of OER, especially in widely used electrolytes, such as the pH-neutral CO2-saturated 0.5 M KHCO3. OER in such electrolytes mostly relies on noble metal (Ir- and Ru-based) el

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