Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Carbone amorphe'
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Lejeune, Michaël. "Etudes des corrélations entre la microstructure locale et les propriétés des couches minces de carbone amorphe hydrogéné et de carbone amorphe nitruré." Amiens, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AMIE0202.
Full textSchaffar, Hervé. "Evolution granulométrique des dépôts métalliques sur carbone amorphe." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376097385.
Full textSchaffar, Hervé. "Evolution granulométrique des dépôts métalliques sur carbone amorphe." Aix-Marseille 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX30065.
Full textPAWLAK, FRANCK. "Irradiation du carbone amorphe deutere : un materiau de transition." Caen, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997CAEN2037.
Full textSabbah, Hussein. "Fonctionnalisation de la surface de couches minces de carbone amorphe." Rennes 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REN1S103.
Full textThe functionalization of amorphous carbon thin film surfaces has been performed using linear alkene molecules. This kind of interface is useful for chemical or biological sensors, and molecular memories. Carbon-based substrates have been selected for the reported biocompatibility of amorphous carbon thin films and the expected robustness of the covalent and non-polar C-C bonds formed at the molecule / substrate interface. Besides this original material, complementary thermally-assisted processes have been chosen: liquid phase grafting (ester, pyridine or ferrocene functionalities) and gas phase grafting (perfluorodecene). Different amorphous carbon films have been compared: sputtered a-C and pulsed-laser deposited a-C, with variable atom density and sp2 / sp3 hybridizations. We have developed an evaporation chamber for the gas phase grafting in a UHV system, which allows thermal grafting in a clean environment. The quality of the monolayer interface obtained in this thermal process has been assessed using UPS characterizations and electrical transport (with a mercury drop electrode) on model interfaces Si(111) – alkane. We have shown that gas phase grafting of alkene molecules can be performed at 230°C without hydrogenation and without any preparation of the amorphous carbon surfaces. Above a threshold grafting temperature the grafting kinetics is faster for sp2–rich surfaces. The saturated molecular coverage is comparable to that obtained on Si(111):H surfaces. X-ray reflectivity and XPS data show that a monolayer is assembled to the a-C surface; thermal annealing in UHV confirms the robustness of a perfluorodecene monolayer grafted on amorphous carbon
SPOUSTA, JIRI. "Etude de la croissance de couches de carbone amorphe hydrogene." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA077331.
Full textHEITZ, THIBAUT. "Photoluminescence, propriétés vibrationnelles et microstructure de films minces de carbone amorphe hydrogéné." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EPXX0035.
Full textMorin, Michel. "Controle du depot de carbone amorphe hydrogene par plasma multipolaire micro-onde." Orléans, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ORLE2019.
Full textBOUNOUH, YAHYA. "Relations entre microstructure et proprietes electroniques de couches minces de carbone amorphe hydrogene." Paris 6, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA066037.
Full textTheobald, Marc. "Dépôt de carbone amorphe hydrogéné par PECVD pour l'élaboration de microcibles. Dopage et caractérisation." Montpellier 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON20033.
Full textTomasella, Eric. "Etude structurale de couches minces a-C:H déposées par plasma de méthane A 13. 56 MHz : influence des diluants argon et hélium." Besançon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BESA2066.
Full textThis work concerns the structural study of hydrogenated amorphous carbon thin films. Those films are deposited from 13. 56 MHz methane plasma. Different gas carriers such as argon and helium have been tested. A good knowledge of the plasma composition is necessary to study the structure of a C:H thin films. For this reason, the plasma properties were determined by optical emission spectroscopy. Atomical hydrogen was monitored by the intensity of the Hα line which is representative of methane dissociation by electronic impact. Bias voltage (V♭) and pressure were studied. We therefore established that at 10-2 mbar helium and argon had low influence on methane dissociation whatever the bias voltage value was. For higher pressures (3. 10-2 and 5. 10-2 mbar) and for high V♭ the use of argon increases the Hα line intensity. Coatings deposited at 10-2 mbar were studied by nuclear (RBS/ERDA) and spectroscopic methods (IRTF/Raman). The results show a decrease in the hydrogen content of the coatings as well as an increase in the sp2 carbon with both increasing bias voltage and use of carrier gas (argon or helium). In those conditions the properties of the coatings are changed. Our studies showed changes in optical gaps and stresses, as well as the differences in density evolution
NEUVILLE, STEPHANE. "Etude de la realisation d'un depot de carbone amorphe adamantin nitrure, stable et adherent." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996EPXX0002.
Full textPeponas, Sarah. "Instabilités mécaniques des matériaux désordonnés en couches minces : Cas particulier du carbone amorphe azoté." Amiens, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AMIE0119.
Full textDuring the last decades, the use of coated materials has been considerably developed. In the design of such devices, adhesion is a critical parameter governing the mechanical behavior and reliability of a thin film on a substrate. Many previous works have reported that during stress relief the film materials always orderly organize in some regions driven by the internal stress and form characteristic buckling patterns such as sinusoidal shapes. The aim of our contribution is to elucidate the microstructural origin of the spontaneous delamination cracks and the mechanisms that drive it possible propagation along the interface amorphous carbon thin film (a-CNx )/ Si substrate. The a-CNx The a-CNx films were deposited on Si using reactive radio-frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering of a high-purity graphite target in a pure nitrogen atmosphere. The properties of films were determined prior and after delamination using, infrared absorption and Raman spectroscopy experiments. Based on a description of nitrogen incorporation and the resulting hybridisation states of the CN bonds in the a-CNx films, the analysis of the spectra reveals the increase of the amount of aromatic rings and disorder within the films, and the dissociation/recombination of the CN bonds and the formation of both CO2 and H2O. The reaction of water and isocyanate groups (R − N = C = O) at the a-CNx/Si interface seem to be the relevant mechanisms to support delamination crack advance. We also studied the evolution post-delamination of one circular blister by using the equations of Föppl Von Karmàn: we predicted the collapse of this buckle with increasing the applied stress
Sbaï-Benchikh, Nadia. "Couches minces de carbone amorphe dopées et alliées par des métaux : élaboration par ablation laser femtoseconde et caractérisations." Saint-Etienne, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STET4011.
Full textThe work presented in this thesis consisted to show the potentialities and the flexibility of the femtosecond laser deposition to synthesize nano-structured metal (Me) incorporated amorphous carbon thin films (a-C:Me). The aim of this work was also to investigate the structure and the physical properties of these nanocomposite films by various complementary film characterizations, including spectroscopy and microscopy techniques. The metals selected, regarding of their chemical affinities with carbon, are nickel and tantalum. The first chapter is a “ state of the art “ about the different compositions of carbon, specifically amorphous carbons. The second chapter describes the experimental procedure used to deposit and to characterized metal-carbon based thin films. The third chapter present the analytical charcterizations' results of the a-C :Ni and a-C :Ta films, with a metal concentration range within 0. 5 and 15 at. %. The influence of the metal nature and concentration on the structure and properties of the films has been highlighted. The physical properties of these coatings are investigated on the chapter 4. The last chapter is a synthetic discussion allowing to correlate their microstucture and their physical properties. The ability of femtosecond pulsed laser deposition to synthetize nanocomposite carbon-based films and to control their nanostructure is showed. This work purpose an interdisciplinary approach coupling elaboration and characterization, oriented in a systematic search of pluryfonctionnality of surface and thin films
Erradi, Amine. "Étude de l'interaction de l'hydrogène avec les couches minces de carbone amorphe hydrogéné (a-C:H)." Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1467/.
Full textThis thesis relates to the interaction of hydrogen with hydrogenated amorphous carbon layers (a-C:H) within the framework of the deposit of these layers at low pressure in the engines plasma ECR. In this kind of discharge, in acetylene plasma as in methane plasma in high residence time, powders are formed in the volume of the engine. These nanoparticules while being incorporated in the deposit, confers to him optical, mechanical or biological interesting properties following deposition experimental conditions. In this work, we were interested more particularly in the mechanism of erosion of the a-C:H deposit by hydrogen because it produces the precursors of the powder formation. In this work of thesis, erosion was studied in post-discharge conditions versus surface temperature of the layers and incident hydrogen flow. We highlighted the establishment of a permanent mode preceded by a transitory mode which is reduced by increasing the temperature or the flow of hydrogen. The study of erosion was also carried out by using diagnostic tools of material such as spectroscopic ellipsometry and FTIR spectroscopy to characterize in a qualitative way the modification of the layers subjected to a hydrogen flow. This made it possible to highlight a modification of the layer on a low thickness and the preferential hydrogenation of the sp2 bonds of the layer. Volatile species produced by erosion of the a-C:H layers were identified by using the mass spectrometry and the method of the potentials of appearance close to the threshold. The results showed that methyl radical is the principal product of erosion with heavy species but no acetylene. Erosion was also studied in plasma of H2 and CH4 by using mass spectrometry and Langmuir probe. The production of acetylene in both cases shows that the interaction of hydrogen with the deposit a-C:H with the walls forms species which can be dissociated in plasma and form acetylene. Indeed, in methane plasma in high residence time, erosion by the hydrogen atoms of the deposit in the course of growth on the walls of the engine produces volatile species CxHy. The incoming species C2 can be dissociated to form acetylene in sufficient quantity. Acetylene is at the origin of the negative ions C2H- which are subject to the influence of the magnetic field of the ECR plasma source. This enables them to increase their probability of recombination in volume (nucleation, aggregation, coalescence. ) leading to the carbonaceous powder formation
Vedovotto, Nathalie. "Les couches minces de carbone amorphe hydrogéné : durcissement et traitement antireflet à 10,6μm des optiques de germanium." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO10033.
Full textPASTOL, ANNE. "Caracterisation de plasmas de methane : application au depot de couches minces de carbone amorphe hydrogene." Nantes, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NANT2016.
Full textSchmidt, Martin Peter. "Propriétés physiques des alliages amorphes hydrogénés silicium-carbone." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112251.
Full textThis thesis analyses the deposition of amorphous hydrogenated silicon-carbon thin film alloys from glow-discharge in silan methane mixture. At low power density, methane is not decomposed directly by electron impact, but only by chemicaly reactions with reactive silane species resulting from silane decomposition. This régime allows the reproducible preparation of materials with low carbon content << 20%> with a density of states at the Fermi level comparable to standard a-Si:H. The carbon is incorporated into the the films as methyl group, which perturbs only slightly the local order of silicon atoms, as shown by photoelectron and Raman spectroscopy. When the methane content of the gas phase approaches 100 %, the deposition rate drops, and the carbon content in the films is limited to 35 - 40 %. The optical properties of this materials depend almost exclusively on the carbon content, unlike in the case of high power deposition. They can be represented by a simple two - band model in which the band structure is condensed into one single parameter, the average pag . This parameter can be computed from dispersion curves of the refractive index. The DOS in the conduction and valence band is deduced from X ray absorption and emission spectra. Our results show that the average gap is close to the energy separation between the first peak in the conduction and valence band DOS ; both parameters increase with carbon content. The increase in the optical gap can therefore be associated to a scaling of the whole band-structure. Above 20% of carbon in the solid, deviative properties are found. They correspond to a change in carbon incorporation scheme (network incorporation via Si-CH -Si units)
Durand-Drouhin, Olivier. "Etude microstructurale de couches minces de carbone amorphe azotées déposées par pulvérisation cathodique magnétron radio fréquence et PECVD-ECR." Amiens, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AMIE0002.
Full textBenchikh, Épouse Sbaï Nadia. "Couches minces nanostructurées de carbone amorphe dopées ou alliées : Elaboration par ablation laser femtoseconde et Caractérisations." Phd thesis, Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00142211.
Full textL'ablation laser en régime femtoseconde est la technique utilisée pour la synthèse des couches minces de DLC dopées ou alliées. Ce sujet met également en évidence l'apport de cette technique sur les propriétés morpho-structurales et physiques des DLC dopés ou alliés.
Dumay, Bastien. "Dépôts de carbone amorphe hydrogènés et deutérés par polymérisation plasma pour la fusion par confinement inertiel." Dijon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DIJOS073.
Full textMaître, Nicolas. "Couches de carbone amorphe hydrogéné sur verres ophtalmiques traités antireflets : contribution à l'étude des mécanismes de salissure." Poitiers, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003POIT2264.
Full textThe goal of this work was to resolve the problem of the smudge on antireflective ophthalmic lenses by depositing an ultra-thin hydrogenated amorphous carbon coating a-C:H. First, we made the self-bias varying in order to reduce the optical absorption of the a-C:H film obtained by PECVD using a planar RF discharge. The coating obtained with a self-bias of 35 V and a thickness of 3 nm were transparent. Then, we determined the cleaning properties of a-C:H films and showed that the latter were due to the strong oleophilic nature of the material : the smudge can be considered as a quasi thin film almost invisible by transmission but very hard to remove, owing to the large adhesion work. This behaviour is opposite to the one observed on the olephobic top-coats. In this case, the smudge which was organised as scattering micro droplets (therefore very visible by transmission), is easy to remove from the surface, owing to the small adhesion work
Lagrini, Anass. "Elaboration et caractérisations physico-chimiques de couches minces de carbone amorphe azoté a-CNx pour applications électrochimiques." Paris 6, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01590454.
Full textBruno, Paola. "Dépôt de films carbonés par des plasmas CVD Argon/Méthane : étude du procédé et caractérisation du matériau." Paris 13, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA132045.
Full textVouagner, Dominique. "Etude de la tenue à la corrosion saline de couches minces de carbone amorphe hydrogéné déposé sur germinium par procédé CVD plasma." Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO10205.
Full textDeshayes, Laurent. "Dépôt par PACVD de films de carbone amorphe hydrogéné sur acier inoxydable : caractérisation spectroscopique des interfaces et propriétés d'adhésion." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10192.
Full textVedovotto, Nathalie. "Les Couches minces de carbone amorphe hydrogéné durcissement et traitement antireflet à 10,6 micromètres des optiques de germanium /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376190222.
Full textPagnoux, Geoffrey. "Mise en évidence et simulation de l’endommagement des revêtements de carbone amorphe pour application moteur à combustion interne." Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PESC1175.
Full textThe use of micrometric diamond-like carbon coatings (named DLC) are becoming widely used by automotive manufacturers in order to improve the efficiency of internal combustion engines by reducing the mechanical friction losses. Although DLC coatings generally exhibit excellent tribological properties and very low wear rates, their use in internal combustion engines shows that, subject to complex loadings, many degradation modes are observable. Untimely propagation of these latter upon the entire coated surfaces is a risk to control in order to guarantee the coating function over time. From one hand, this control implies to know and to understand all DLC degradation mechanisms when applied to engine components. On the other hand, it is necessary to possess lifetime simulation tools that can be used to optimize tribological systems in their early design. The work presented in this thesis has been guided by these goals and gathers experimental analyses of DLC-coated components, numerical analyzes, simplified testing protocols and coupling analyses of degradation processes. All these topics finally lead to the definition of a lifetime simulation tool adapted to DLC coated internal combustion engine applications
Stock, François. "Traitements laser UV de couches de carbone amorphe adamantin (DLC) obtenues par ablation laser pulsée (PLD) : application à la synthèse d'électrodes transparentes." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAD035.
Full textOne of the biggest challenge that optoelectronic and photovoltaic devices will have to face is the necessity to provide a reliable alternative to transparent conducting oxide (TCO) and especially to Indium Thin Oxide (ITO) widely used in display technologies. This thesis presents an alternative solution based on laser processes and carbon materials only. In a first step, Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) is grown with a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) process. DLC is an amorphous form of carbon sharing many properties with diamond like very high transparency in the visible range and being a perfect electrical insulator. Therefore, in a second step, DLC thin films are annealed with UV laser. These surface treatments lead to the modification of the first DLC atomic layers. With this step, dominating diamond bindings (sp3) responsible of insulating properties of DLC are broken and atoms will be reorganized in graphitic bindings (sp2) leading to surface conductivity appearance. Within only surface modifications (over a few atomic layers), the interesting property of transparency is conserved with an additional attractive surface conductivity. Obtained performances clearly approach and reach ITO values. This only laser-based process offers very interesting perspectives with keeping an important compatibility with standard microelectronics technical steps
Rerbal, Kamila. "Etats électroniques localisés dans a-Sil-xCx:H massif et poreux : Spectroscopie IR et photoluminescence." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EPXX0044.
Full textFOURCHES, NATHALIE. "Caracterisation des films minces de carbone amorphe hydrogene (a-c : h) elabores en plasma rf. etude de l'interface a-c:h/substrat et des mecanismes d'adhesion." Nantes, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NANT2054.
Full textSADKI, ABDELOUAHED. "Etude de la microstructure et des defauts dans les couches minces de carbone amorphe hydrogene ; relations avec la photoluminescence." Paris 6, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA066315.
Full textSeck, Serigne Massamba. "Développement d’un capteur électrochimique à base de carbone amorphe azote pour la détection de métaux lourds en milieux aqueux." Amiens, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AMIE0101.
Full textNitrogenous amorphous carbon (a-CNx) thin films were deposited by radio-frequency (13. 56 MHz) cathodic magnetron sputtering on titanium disks and on silicon substrate. While these films are cheaper to prepare than commonly reported carbon-based electrodes, the usable electrochemical window in aqueous solution is within the same range and spans from -1. 5 to +1. 8 V vs. SCE. The electrochemical reactivity (DEp = 110 mV) was tested using the ferri-ferrocyanide redox couple as a function of the thin films preparation parameters. Cadmium and copper were used to test these detection abilities. Better analytical properties (notably sensitivity and linearity) were obtained as compared to a commercial boron doped diamond electrode. Preliminary competition/interaction experiments for these two cations were performed. The specificity of such a sensor relative to a certain metal cation (copper and cadmium) can be improved by functionalization of the electrode. This surface modification is performed using cyclame by electrografting of diazonium salts which present a specific interaction with ions in solution. The grafting precursor concentration and number of cycles are optimized and correlated to the specificity and sensitivity of copper and/or cadmium cation detection. The coverage of the electrode, tested in AFM, IR, contact angle measurement and electrochemically in Fe(CN)6 3-/4- shows that the grafting of diazonium salt is effective on the surface of the aC:Nx electrode. Greater sensitivity of the electrode to Cd2+ is observed for the highest concentrations of grafting salts. Moreover, a marked modification after grafting of the alteration of the Cd2+ signal due to the presence of Cu2+ is observed, giving way to a better specificity of these functionalized sensors. The sensitivity of cyclam modified electrode is lower than the unmodified sensor
PARET, VALERIE. "Caracterisation de materiaux complexes sur une large gamme spectrale par des techniques optiques et photothermiques ; application au carbone amorphe hydrogene." Paris 6, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA066385.
Full textRACINE, BENOIT. "Contribution a l'etude des proprietes mecaniques et electriques du carbone amorphe hydrogene (a-c : h) en relation avec la microstructure." Amiens, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AMIE0109.
Full textJribi, Samar. "Réactivité électrochimique et fonctionnalisation de surface de films minces de nitrure de carbone amorphe : vers l'élaboration de sondes mixtes AFM-électrochimiques." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066219.
Full textA-CNx thin films were deposited with or without radiofrequency (RF) on doped or intrinsic silicon substrates by the magnetron cathodic sputtering technique and various partial pressures of nitrogen in the plasma. A detailed study of the electrochemical reactivity of a-CNx thin films deposited without RF towards the redox couple [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- showed that this latter is improved as the atomic nitrogen content determined by XPS decreases. It acquires a considerable improvement thanks to the cathodic electrochemical pretreatment (PEC) and more especially thanks to the use of the RF applied to the substrate during the deposition step. In the second part, we have developed a new strategy of surface fonctionnalization of a-CNx thin films based on the covalent grafting of a redox probe. It allowed us to quantify the amine groups formed spontaneously on the electrode surface using cyclic voltammetry. It revealed that the amine groups are generally few and less and less numerous when the content of nitrogen increases in the film. Finally, the elaboration of hybrid AFM-electrochemical probes from commercial AFM probes has been explored by the deposition of an a-CNx thin film on a tapping-AFM probe. These probes present the advantage of having a stiff cantilever that resists to the compressive intrinsic stress applied by the a-CNx film contrary to the contact-AFM probe cantilever that bends significantly under the influence of this stress. The passivation by a P-oPD film and the use of these Si/a-CNx probes for the acquisition of local I/V characteristics (spectroscopy of the CS-AFM mode) confirmed the interest of this approach that will need however to be more deeply explored
Cadete, Santos Aires Francisco-José. "Etude comparative d'agrégats métalliques supportés sur carbone amorphe obtenus par dépôt moléculaire et par dépôt d'agrégats : caractérisation par microscopie électronique à transmission." Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO10164.
Full textHallil, Abdelbasset. "Synthèse par décharge luminescente RF et caractérisation de couches minces de carbone amorphe hydrogène. Diagnostic de la décharge par sonde de Langmuir." Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30222.
Full textMeunier, Frédéric. "Modélisation des mécanismes de croissance des couches minces de carbone dur amorphe obtenues par CVD assistée plasma. Application à la réalisation de revêtements anti-usure multicouches TiN+Ti(C,N)+TiC+carbone." Limoges, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIMO0043.
Full textPiazza, Fabrice. "Elaboration de films minces de carbone amorphe hydrogéné multifonctions par un procédé plasma utilisant une répartition uniforme de la résonance cyclotron électronique (DECR)." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR13213.
Full textBOUAMRANE, FAYCAL. "Etude des proprietes electrochimiques de couches minces de diamant dope et de carbone amorphe : application a la reduction des nitrates et au depot metallique." Paris 11, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA112042.
Full textTixier, Christelle. "Dépôt chimique en phase vapeur de carbone amorphe hydrogéné sur des substrats métalliques (TA6V) dans une post-décharge micro-onde assistée par polarisation radio fréquence." Limoges, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LIMO0043.
Full textVIDELOT, HERVE. "Contribution a l'etude des mecanismes de depot de carbone amorphe dans des decharges radiofrequence de methane : spectrometrie de masse des radicaux et modelisation physico-chimique." Paris 11, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA112341.
Full textTranchant, Julien. "Etude de couches minces déposées par pulvérisation magnétron postionisée pour l'ingénierie de contraintes - cas du MoCr et de nano-canaux de carbone." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00347846.
Full textBlout, Mohamed Achraf. "Développement de biocathodes pour biopiles enzymatiques utilisant la laccase." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066249/document.
Full textEnzymatic biofuel cells are an attractive alternative for renewable electricity generation. In this work, we are focusing on the cathodic compartment of a biofuel cell using laccase, a multi-copper oxidase, as biocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) by direct electron transfer of electrons. Several strategies have been used to optimize the kinetic of ORR on graphite electrode. One strategy was to deposit thin film of amorphous carbon nitride (a-CNx) on graphite. The presence of surface amine groups then allowed the covalent grafting of the laccase. Carboxylic groups can also be produced by an electrochemical treatment. By combining several characterisation techniques, especially impedance measurements, we have demonstrated that our system behaves like microelectrodes network. For this type of electrode, we have measured a maximal current density equal to -44,6 µA/cm2. In another strategy, the surface of graphite was nanostructured by forming carbon nanowalls (CNWs) using the plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition technique in a CO/H2 microwave discharge. We have optimized then the APPJ functionalization conditions using experiments design. We reached current densities of the order of -1 mA/cm2. We have also studied the orientation and the kinetic of enzyme immobilisation on gold surface using PM-IRRAS technique
Foulani, André. "Phénomènes d'électroluminescence dans des structures Métal-Isolant-Métal constituées d'un film de carbone amorphe hydrogéné : corrélation avec le gap optique et application à l'étude du transport électrique." Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30285.
Full textRerbal, Kamila. "Etats électroniques localisés dans a-Si1-xCx:H massif et poreux: Spectroscopie IR et photoluminescence." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00000809.
Full textRahoui, Souphiane. "Élaboration et caractérisation de revêtements par voie sol-gel en vue d'applications tribologiques en température." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2644/.
Full textThese works focus on the development and characterization of lubricating coatings deposited by sol-gel route on 15-5PH stainless steel, for aeronautic applications at high temperature. The aim of this study is to determine the conditions leading to the development of a composite lubricating coating containing in situ-synthesized amorphous carbon in an oxide matrix. The first experimental part presents a study of the influence of synthesis and thermal treatment conditions on the physicochemical and structural characteristics of the initial hybrid coating. The investigation of the chemical structure evolution of the deposit by spectroscopic techniques (especially NMR and IR) allows the phenomena occurring during thermal treatments to be understood. We explain the influence of thermal treatment temperature and atmosphere on the coatings physicochemical transformations and on the occurring fragmentation, oxidation and recombination reactions. Then, the effect of a lamellar reinforcement as talc particles, on physicochemical microstructural coating properties is studied. The second experimental part of these works deals with the scratching, mechanical and tribological characterizations of different coatings deposited on 15-5PH stainless steel. We determine coating adhesive properties by scratch test as well as mechanical characteristics (hardness and elastic modulus) by nanoindentation technique and tribological behavior with an alumina ball on plane test configuration. Correlations between changes in the chemical structure and coating tribological performances are being proposed. Thus optimal synthesis and thermal treatment conditions are determined, at 250°C in air or at 300°C in N2 gas, leading to the amorphous carbon in situ-synthesis and associated to the best coating tribological behavior
Antoni, Frédéric. "Etude de l'ablation par laser a excimeres de cibles constituees d'elements de la colonne iv : applications aux depots en couche mince de compose silicium-germanium et de carbone amorphe." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STR13222.
Full textOrlianges, Jean-Christophe. "Optimisation du dépôt par ablation laser de films minces d'alumine et de carbone tétraédrique amorphe pure et dopé; propriétés des couches et intégration dans le fabrication de composants MEMS RF." Phd thesis, Université de Limoges, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006701.
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