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Journal articles on the topic 'Carboxaldehyd'

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Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 15 July 2025

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1

Chandrakanta, Bandyopadhyay, Pratim Nag Partha, Ranabir Sur Kumar, et al. "Biginelli reaction on 4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-3-carboxaldehyde- a search for reaction pathway." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 81, Feb 2004 (2004): 132–36. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5830113.

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Department of Chemistry, R. K. Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Rahara, Kolkata-700 118, India <em>E-mail:</em> kantachandra@rediffmail.com <em>Manuscript recevied 31 January 2003, revised 6 May 2003. accepted 22 August 2003</em> On heating a mixture of 3-formylchromone 1, active methylene compound 2 or 3 and urea (4) in AcOH produces dihydropyrimidinones 10 or 11, whereas use of thiourea in place of urea produces 1,3-thiazine derivative 14 or 15 and the above reactions pass through the Knoevenagel condensate 5 or 6.

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2

Kemp, Chesley A., Donna K. McCullough, Dobrusia Bialonska, and Paul J. T. Johnson. "Effect of Bromination on the Quorum Sensing-Inhibiting Properties of Indole-3-Carboxaldehydes in Chromobacterium violaceum AHL System." Microbiology Research 12, no. 2 (2021): 376–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microbiolres12020025.

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Quorum sensing (QS) is a form of bacterial communication involved in the production of virulence factors in many species. As a result, inhibition of quorum sensing may be of use in mitigating pathogenesis. The signaling molecule indole is currently being investigated as a target for quorum sensing inhibition (QSI) and the indole derivative indole-3-carboxaldehyde (ICA) has been shown to inhibit quorum sensing-mediated behaviors in Escherichia coli. In this study, we investigate bromination as a method of increasing the QSI capabilities of indole carboxaldehydes. The IC50 values of three monobrominated indole carboxaldehydes (5-bromoindole-3-carboxaldehyde, 6-bromoindole-3-carboxaldehyde, and 7-bromoindole-3-carboxaldehyde) were determined and compared to the IC50 value of ICA. The bromination of these indole carboxaldehydes reduced the IC50 values between 2- and 13-fold, indicating that bromination significantly increases the potency of these indole carboxaldehydes.

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3

Brewer, Greg, Cynthia Brewer, Raymond J. Butcher, and Peter Zavalij. "Formation of Ketimines from Aldimines in Schiff Base Condensation of Amino Acids and Imidazole-2-Carboxaldehydes: Tautomerization of Schiff Bases of Amino Acids Resulting in the Loss of Stereogenic Center." Inorganics 11, no. 10 (2023): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics11100381.

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The Schiff base reaction of imidazole-2-carboxaldehydes with the anion of alanine, leucine and phenylalanine in the presence of nickel(II) ion gives the neutral NiL2 complexes. The Schiff base ligand, L, binds through an imidazole nitrogen, NIm, the amino acid nitrogen, NAA, and a carboxylate oxygen, O, atom. The two N2O ligands bind to the nickel(II) in a meridional fashion with the NIm and O of each ligand in trans positions. These ligands can exist as the anticipated aldimine, Im − CH = NAA − CH(R) − CO2−, or the ketimine, Im − CH2NAA = C(R) − CO2−, tautomer. Tautomerization of the initially formed aldimine Schiff base results in movement of the hydrogen atom of the alpha carbon of the amino acid to the aldehyde carbon, CAld, atom of the imidazole carboxaldehyde with resultant relocation of the imine double bond in the reverse direction. Ten structures of the structurally unprecedented ketimine tautomer, prepared from imidazole-2-carboxaldehydes and a pyrazole-3-carboxaldehyde, were presented. The structural data supported the formation of the ketimines in each case, while the aldimine tautomer was observed with imidazole-4-carboxaldehydes. A rationale of this can be explained on the basis of charge distribution in the likely intermediate in the tautomerization.

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4

Dvořák, Dalimil, David Šaman, Zdeněk Arnold, Ivana Císařová, and Václav Petříček. "Cycloaddition Reactions of Arylmethylenemalonaldehydes with Olefins." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 57, no. 11 (1992): 2337–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19922337.

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A series of 2,4-disubstituted 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-5-carboxaldehydes II-XIX was prepared by reaction of substituted arylmethylenemalonaldehydes I with 2-methylpropane, 1,1-diphenylethylene, styrene, ethyl vinyl ether, 1,1-dimethoxyethylene and 1,1-bis(methylthio)ethylene. In the case of the reaction with ethyl vinyl ether the dependence of the ratio of the arising cis- and trans- 2-ethoxy-4-aryl-3,4-dihydropyran-5-carboxaldehydes VII-XIV on the substitutent on the aromatic nucleus was studied. Information on the mechanism of this reaction was obtained and conformational equilibria of 2-ethoxy-4-aryl-3,4-dihydropyran-5-carboxaldehydes in solution were studied by 1H NMR spectroscopy. The structure of trans-2-ethoxy-4-(4-chlorophenyl)-3,4-dihydropyran-5-carboxaldehyde (trans-VIII) was confirmed by X-ray analysis of the corresponding carboxylic acid trans-XXII.

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5

GaOpen Chemistry 3, no. 4 (2005): 622–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bf02475192.

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AbstractThe reactions of substituted furo[3,2-b]pyrrole-5-carboxhydrazides 1 with 5-arylfuran-2-carboxaldehydes 2, 4,5-disubstituted furan-2-carboxaldehydes 3 and thiophene-2-carboxaldehyde 4 has been studied. The advantage of microwave irradiation on some of these reactions was reflected in the reduced reaction time and increased yields. Reactions of 1 with 4-substituted 1,3-oxazol-5(4H)-ones 11 led to diacylhydrazines 13 or to imidazole derivatives 14 depending on the temperature. 1,2,4-Triazole-3-thione 17 was synthesized by two-step reaction of 1 with phenylisothiocyanate and subsequent base-catalyzed cyclization of thiosemicarbazide 16. The effects of hydrazones 5–10 on inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport in spinach chloroplasts and chlorophyll content in the antialgal suspensions of Chlorella vulgaris were investigated.

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6

Gašparová, Renáta, Martin Moncman, and Branislav Horváth. "Microwave assisted reactions of 2-[3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4-R1-furo[3,2-b] pyrrole-5-carboxhydrazides." Open Chemistry 6, no. 2 (2008): 180–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-008-0009-4.

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AbstractThe effect of microwave irradiation on the reactions of 2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4-R1-furo[3,2-b]pyrrole-5-carboxhydrazides 1 with 5-arylfuran-2-carboxaldehydes 2, thiophene-2-carboxaldehyde (3) and methyl 2-formylfuro[3,2-b]pyrrole-5-carboxylates 4 has been studied. Reactions of 1 with formic and acetic acid, respectively, led to acylhydrazides 9a–c. Reaction of 1a with 4-substituted 1,3-oxazol-5(4H)-one 10 led to imidazole derivative 13. 1,2,4-Triazole-3-thiones 15a,b were synthesized by two-step reaction of 1a with potassium isothiocyanate and phenyl isothiocyanate, respectively, and subsequent base-catalyzed cyclization of thiosemicarbazides 14a,b. Pyrazole 16 was prepared by reaction of 1a with pentane-2,4-dione.

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7

SAMIA, R. EL-EZBAWY, and A. ALSHAIKH MONIRA. "Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of New Diaryisulphicles containing Quinolyl, Pyrryl, 4-Thiazolidinone and/or Azetidin-2-one Moieties." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 67, May 1990 (1990): 398–400. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6163557.

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Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt Chemistry Department, Girls College of Education, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia <em>Manuscript received 3 August 1989, accepted 1 January 1990</em> Condensation of quinoline-4-carboxaldehyde and/or pyrrole-2-carboxaldebyde with 4-a minodiaryl sulphides (1) gave 4-[<em>N</em>-(ρ-(diarylthio] formimidoyliquinolines (2) and 2-[<em>N</em>-(ρ-(diarylthio)]formimidoyl]pyrroles (3) in good yields. Cyclocondensation of mercaptoacetic acid with azometbines yielded 3-[ρ-(diarylthio]-244-quinoly1)-4- thiazolidinone (4) and 3-[ρ-(diarylthio)]-2-(2-pyrryl)-4-thiazolidinone (5) Cyclo. nucleoplulic addition of chloroacetyl chloride on 2 afforded 1-[ρ-(diarylthio)]-3-chloro-4-(4-quinolyl)-2-azetiolinone (6). The antibacterial activity of some of these compounds was determined.  

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8

Berthiaume, Sylvie L., Brian L. Bray, Petr Hess, et al. "Synthesis of 5-substituted pyrrole-2-carboxaldehydes. Part I. Generation of formal 5-lithiopyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde equivalents by bromine–lithium exchange of 2-bromo-6-(diisopropylamino)-1-azafulvene derivatives." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 73, no. 5 (1995): 675–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v95-086.

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The first known lithiated 1-azafulvene derivatives, e.g., 8 and 13a, were generated by a low-temperature bromine–lithium exchange procedure with tert-butyllithium. These lithio species show substantial stability at ≤ −90 °C because, at these temperatures, the sterically demanding 6-diisopropylamino moiety, unlike the dimethylamino group, completely inhibits nucleophilic addition to C-6. At higher temperatures, the addition of tert-butyllithium to C-6 is significant and it can become the dominant process. The lithio species 8 is a useful formal equivalent of 5-lithiopyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde since, on reaction with electrophilic reagents and subsequent hydrolysis, a wide variety of regiochemically pure 5-substituted pyrrole-2-carboxaldehydes is formed. The 6-dialkylamino-1-azafulvenes described herein exist predominantly or exclusively as the syn conformer in solution at room temperature. This conformational preference is confirmed by a significance NOE effect between H-4 and H-6 in the parent diisopropylamino compound 3f. The origin of the syn conformational preference stems from a substantial contribution of the charge-separated form 16 to the ground state structure of these compounds, a phenomenon that is strongly supported by variable temperature NMR measurements on 2-bromo-6-diisopropylamino-1-azafulvene (3c). Keywords: 2-bromo-6-diisopropylamino-1-azafulvenes, stereochemistry, lithiation, pyrrole-2-carboxaldehydes.

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9

Halawa, Ahmed H., Ahmed H. Bedair, Ahmed M. El-Agrody, et al. "Synthesis and biological activities of new bis-indole derivatives via microwave irradiation." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 72, no. 9 (2017): 639–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2017-0039.

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AbstractThree new series of bis-indole derivatives were synthesized based onp-phenylenediamine (2–4, 5and6) and 4,4′-ethylenedianiline moieties (7–9) using facile and efficient condensation of three positional isomeric indole-carboxaldehyde derivatives (1a–c) with bifunctional amines upon microwave irradiation. The symmetric dimeric indole derivatives2–4as well as non-symmetric analogues5and6were obtained byin situcondensation of the respective positional 3-, 2- and 5-isomeric indole-carboxaldehydes withp-phenylenediamine, while compounds7–9resulted from respective condensation based on 4,4′-ethylenedianiline. Structures of the obtained compounds were deduced by advanced spectroscopic methods (1H NMR,13C NMR and MS). In agar diffusion assay, derivative6showed moderate antibacterial activity against various Gram positive and negative bacteria, while derivative7displayed moderate activity against several Gram positive bacteria. However, in Resazurin assay employing the human cervix carcinoma cell line (KB-3-1), derivatives2–9turned out to be inactive.

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10

Teimuri-mofrad, Reza, and Fatemeh Abrishami. "An efficient synthesis of carboxaldehyde derivatives of 4H-pyran-4-one." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 85, no. 5 (2007): 352–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v07-034.

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We developed a general method for the synthesis of various 2-mono- and 2,6-di-carboxaldehyde substituted derivatives of 3,5-diphenyl-4H-pyran-4-one and 4H-pyran-4-one. 3,5-Diphenyl-6-methyl-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-carboxaldehyde (4a), 6-methyl-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-carboxaldehyde (4b), 3,5-diphenyl-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2,6-dicarboxaldehyde (5a), 4-oxo-4H-pyran-2,6-dicarboxaldehyde (5b), 3,5-diphenyl-6-hydroxymethyl-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-carboxaldehyde (10a), and 6-hydroxymethyl-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-carboxaldehyde (10b) were obtained from the corresponding di-, tri-, and tetra-bromo derivatives of 2,6-dimethyl-3,5-diphenyl-4H-pyran-4-one (1a) and 2,6-dimethyl-4H-pyran-4-one (1b) by treatment with silver acetate followed by hydrolysis. Compounds 4a and 4b were also obtained by the oxidation of 10a and 10b with barium manganate.Key words: 4H-pyran-4-one, hydroxymethyl and carboxaldehyde derivatives, acetoxylation, hydrolysis, oxidation.

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11

Galvez, Enrique, Isabel Iriepa, Antonio Lorente, Jose Miguel Mohedano, Feliciana Florencio, and Severino Garcia-Blanco. "Synthesis and structural study of aminals derived from 8-aminoquinoline and 1-aminonaphtalene." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 65, no. 4 (1987): 687–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v87-117.

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Reaction of 8-aminoquinoline with pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde (2), pyridine-3-carboxaldehyde (3), pyridine-4-carboxaldehyde (4), and benzaldehyde (5) yields the corresponding aminals or Schiff's bases according to reaction conditions; analogous results are obtained from the reaction of 1-amino-naphtalene with pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde (6). On the other hand, reaction of 8-aminoquinoline with thiophene-2-carboxaldehyde or pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde yields neither the aminal nor the Schiff's base. Crystals of 4 (C24H19N5) belong to the triclinic space group [Formula: see text]. Cell dimensions are a = 11.547(3), b = 11.759(2), c = 15.687(5) Å, α = 98.50(2)°, β = 101.61(2)°, γ = 107.28(2)°, V = 1942.6(9) Å3. Final R = 0.077 and Rw = 0.064; 3160 reflections were observed. The ir, 1H nmr of 2–6, the mass spectra of 4 and 5 and the X-ray analysis of 4 are described and discussed. Preparative features, ir, 1H nmr, analyses and crystal structure indicate that the formation of 2–6 are governed mainly by the nucleophilicity at the aldehyde carbon atom and the existence of the hydrogen bonds in the aminal.

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12

K., M. BISWAS, N. DHARA R, HAl MANTI MALLIK (Mrs), and SUMITA ROY (Miss). "Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Part-1. Dynamic 1H nmr Spectral Studies on lndole-l-carboxaldehydes." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 63, Feb 1986 (1986): 216–18. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6254928.

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Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Univeisity of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Calcutta-700 009  <em>Manuscript received 7 May 1984, revised 27 March 1985, accepted 2 December 1985</em> 3-Ethyhndole-1-carboxaldebyde (1) and 3-phenylmdole-1-carboxaldehyde (2) are shown to exist in (\(E\)) and (\( Z\)) conformations by dynamic <sup>1</sup>H nmr spectral studies The coalescence temperature of the two rotamers of 2 is 23<sup>0</sup> and that in the case of 1 is 50°. This difference is probably due to the effect of the electron withdrawing phenyl group of the former and the electron donating ethyl group of the latter. The spectrum of the weighted average of the two rotamers of each of 1 and 2 is observed at elevated temperature (90°). The aldehyde proton of the (\(E\)) rotamers and H-7 of the (\( Z\)) rotamers resonate at higher frequencies than the corresponding protons of the other rotamers because of the deshielding effect of the benzene ring on the former and of the magnetic anisotlopy of the carbonyl group on the latter. The barriers to internal rotation about:the N—C bond of the (\(E\)) and (\( Z\)) onligurations of 1 have been determined and discussed in terms of electronic effect.

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13

Wang, Li, Xin Guo, and Lirong Han. "Effects and Inhibition Mechanism of Indole-3-Carboxaldehyde in Controlling Scutellaria baicalensis Root Rot." Horticulturae 11, no. 3 (2025): 263. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11030263.

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Scutellaria baicalensis Gorg is a medicinal herb of significant value in traditional Chinese medicine. Root rot is a major issue in S. baicalensis-producing areas. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether indole-3-carboxaldehyde, a metabolite derived from Purpureocillium lilacinum, has a significant effect on Fusarium solani (one of the main pathogenic fungi causing S. baicalensis root rot), and to clarify its antifungal mechanism. We evaluated the toxicity of indole-3-carboxaldehyde to F. solani using the growth rate assay and found that the EC50 value was 59.563 μg/mL; we also performed additional pot experiments under greenhouse conditions. The effects of indole-3-carboxaldehyde on fungal hyphal morphology and ultrastructure were evaluated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Indole-3-carboxaldehyde was found to induce the disintegration of the mitochondrial double membrane in F. solani, as well as cause cell wall separation. Further probing into the effects of indole-3-carboxaldehyde on mitochondrial aspects was conducted using enzyme activity test kits and real-time quantitative PCR. The findings indicated that indole-3-carboxaldehyde decreases the mitochondrial membrane potential; reduces the activities of SOD, CAT, POD, and GR enzymes; and hampers the growth of F. solani by suppressing the activity of mitochondrial electron transport chain complex I, resulting in H2O2 accumulation. This disruption of the mitochondrial antioxidant pathway impedes the effective clearance of reactive oxygen species (ROS), ultimately leading to the death of F. solani. Future studies of indole-3-carboxaldehyde should focus on its effect on metabolic pathways, which could facilitate the development of innovative pesticides.

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14

M., Sivasankaran Nair, Ravi Samuel Raj C., and Selwin Joseyphus R. "Computational study on imidazole-2-carboxaldehyde-glycylglycine and indole-3- carboxaldehyde-glycylglycine Schiff base ligands and equilibrium studies on their metal complexes." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 87, Jun 2010 (2010): 655–60. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5788515.

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Department of Chemistry, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli-627 012, Tamilnadu, India <em>E-mail:</em> msnairchem@rediffmail.com <em>Manuscript received 13 April 2009, revised 5 October 2009, accepted 17 November 2009</em> Semiempirical (AMI) calculations were carried out for the Schiff bases, imidazole-2-carboxaldehyde-glycylgilycine (imal-glygly) and lndole-3-carboxaldehyde-glycylglycine (indal-glygly). Five conformers or imal-glygly and indal-glygly suitable for complex formation were studied. The stable conformers were chosen for further studies. The geometrical parameters are in good agreement with the experimental values. The Schiff bases are planar with C<sub>1</sub> symmetry. The denticity reduction energy for lmal-glygly and lndal-glygly are respectively 21.04 kcal/mol and 18.24 kcal/mol. imal-glygly is a potentially tetradentate ligand capable of binding through N<sub>4</sub>, N<sub>7</sub>, N <sub>11</sub>/O<sub>10</sub> and O<sub>15</sub> and iudal-glygly is tridetate using N<sub>11</sub> , N<sub>15</sub>/O<sub>14</sub> and O<sub>19</sub> atoms. The basisity of the hetero atoms were studied by calculating the protonation constant. The higher dipole moment values indicate that they are highly soluble In polar solvents. The ionization potential Is 11.70 eV and 8.59 eV respectively for imal-glygly and lndal-glygly. The chemical hardness has also been studied. Equilibrium studies were carried out for Co<sup>II</sup>, Ni<sup>II</sup>, Cu<sup>II</sup> and Zn<sup>II</sup>-lmal-glygly/lndal-glygly systems. M(AB) and M(AB)<sub>2</sub> types or complexes were formed for Co<sup>II</sup>, Ni<sup>II</sup> and Zn<sup>II</sup> systems, while Cu<sup>II</sup> forms only M(AB). The stability or the metal ions follows Irving-Williams order.

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15

Czajkowski, David, Oludotun A. Phillips, Narender A. V. Reddy, et al. "Preparation of 7-spiroepoxy and 7,7-disubstituted cephalosporanate 1,1-dioxide from 7-diazocephalosporanate 1,1-dioxide: Reactions of 7-diazocephalosporanate 1,1-dioxide with aldehydes." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 56, no. 11 (1991): 2352–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19912352.

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The reactions of tert-butyl-3-acetoxymethyl-3-cephem-7-diazocephalosporanate 1,1-dioxide (I) with acetaldehyde, benzaldehyde, 2-thiophene caboxaldehyde, 3-thiophene carboxaldehyde, 2-furan carboxaldehyde, 3-furan carboxaldehyde and isobutyraldehyde have been studied. Use of boron trifluoride etherate as a catalyst for these reactions was found to accelerate the reactions markedly and to favour the formation of aldehydes rather than the ketones at C-7 position as the carbonyl product. The products obtained from these reactions and the ratios of carbonyl products to epoxides suggest that the R groups of the carbonyl component have profound influence on the reactions.

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16

Ibrahim, Nabila M., Hisham Abdallah A. Yosef, and Mohamed Refat H. Mahran. "Preparation and Reactions of 2-azidoquinoline-3-carboxaldehyde with Primary Amines and Active Methylene Compounds." Journal of Chemical Research 2009, no. 4 (2009): 220–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/030823409x435900.

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Preparation of 2-azidoquinoline-3-carboxaldehyde has been attempted and its tautomerism has been discussed. The reactivity of 2-azidoquinoline-3-carboxaldehyde towards primary amines, hydrazines and active methylene compounds has been investigated. Analytical and spectroscopic measurements have assisted the assignment of appropriate structures to the new reaction products.

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17

Shimoda, Kei, Manabu Hamada, Hiroshi Yokoi, and Hiroki Hamada. "Chemo-Enzymatic Synthesis of Ester-Linked 2-Phenylindole-3-Carboxaldehyde-Monosaccharide Conjugate as Potential Prodrug." Biochemistry Insights 5 (January 2012): BCI.S9961. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/bci.s9961.

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Chemo-enzymatic synthesis of ester-linked 2-phenylindole-3-carboxaldehyde-glucose conjugate (2-phenylindole-3-carboxyl-10″-O-β-D-glucosyl ester) was achieved by using plant cell cultures as biocatalysts. The anticancer agent, 2-phenylindole-3-carboxaldehyde, induced apoptosis in cells, whereas 2-phenylindole-3-carboxyl-10″-O-β-D-glucosyl ester showed no cytotoxicity and induced no apoptosis.

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18

N.M., Fawzy, M. Nasef A., M.M.E-Baroudy, M. Soliman A., and S. Aly Magdy. "New Studying for One-pot Multicomponent Reactions to Prepare Novel Furochromone Compounds with Antitumor Activity." Chemistry Research Journal 2, no. 5 (2017): 293–308. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13952196.

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The refluxing of furochromone carboxaldehyde (1) and dimethyl acetylene dicarboxylate with amine derivatives namely <em>m</em>-nitroanilline, <em>p</em>-methylanilline, <em>o</em>-aminophenol, <em>o</em>-anisidine and <em>p</em>-anisidine to give compounds (2a-e). While the reaction of mixture of furochromone carboxaldehyde (1) with dimethyl acetylendicarboxylate in the presence of cyclohexyl isocyanide to afford compound (3). The reaction mixture of furochromone carboxaldehyde (1), cyclohexyl isocyanide with cinnamic acid, chlorocarboxylic acid and/ or benzoic acid respectively to give compounds (4a-c). Also, the condensation of furochromone carboxaldehyde (1), cyclohexyl isocyanide and <em>o-</em>aminophenol/and or <em>o-</em>phenylenediamine 5a, b respectively with chlorocarboxylic acid, carboxylic acid and cinnamic acid give compounds (6a, b - 8a, b). The addition of aldehyde with cyclohexyl isocyanide afforded compound (9) which when react with p-anisidine give compound (10). Some of the newly synthesized derivatives shows a reasonable antiproliferative activity towards liver and breast (HEPG2 & MCF7) tumor cell lines compared to traditional anticancer agents: 5-Fluorouracil & Doxorubicin. Moreover, compound 6a showed anticancer activity against NMU induced breast tumor <em>in vivo.</em>

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19

Elo, Hannu. "Antimicrobial Activity of Two Antitumour Agents and Ribonucleotide Reductase Inhibitors, Pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde Thiosemicarbazone and the Acetate Form of its Copper(II) Chelate." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 62, no. 7-8 (2007): 498–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2007-7-807.

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Some copper chelates have potent antitumour activity, and in some cases also the free ligands have activity in vivo. Yet, little is known about their antimicrobial properties. Copper( II) chelates of the thiosemicarbazones of α-N-heterocyclic carboxaldehydes constitute one important group of such agents, also their ligands having marked antitumour activity. Both the ligands and chelates inhibit ribonucleotide reductase. Some ligands have been or are under clinical trials as antineoplastic agents. I report here a study on the antimicrobial properties of the prototype compounds of this group, pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone and its copper(II) chelate. They were tested against nine microbes, including bacteria (Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus lactis), yeasts (Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and one mold (Aspergillus niger). Two clinical isolates of Bacillus sp. and one reference strain were also studied. Both the ligand and the chelate had marked activity. The ligand displayed considerable activity against all bacteria except for S. lactis, and its activity against E. coli and P. aeruginosa was that high that practical applications might be considued. It was highly active against A. niger and moderately active against C. albicans. The chelate was highly active against S. epidermidis and S. cerevisiae. Both compounds inhibited the clinical isolates markedly. Since some related ligands have been or are in clinical trials on humans or are entering them, their route to clinical use, also as antimicrobials, might be much more straightforward than that of substances, whose toxicity in humans is wholly unexplored

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20

Bisen, Chandrakant V., M. R. Patle, and P. K. Rahangdale. "Microwave Assisted Synthesis, Characterization and Anti-Tubercular Activity of 4-Quinolylhydrazone." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, no. 4-A (2019): 95–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i4-a.3425.

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A series of 4-quinolylhydrazone derivatives was synthesized by reaction of 4-quinolylhydrazine and various substituted carboxaldehyde out of that most of the derivatives show significant antitubercular properties. The microwave assisted organic synthesis was applied to synthesize a series of 4-quinolylhydrazone derivatives. The characterizations of newly synthesized derivatives were done by modern analytical techniques like digital melting point apparatus, IR, NMR and mass spectroscopy. Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Hydrazone, Quinoline, Carboxaldehyde.

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21

Dobson, A. J., and R. E. Gerkin. "9H-Fluorene-2-carboxaldehyde." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 54, no. 12 (1998): 1890–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270198009056.

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22

Stacy, Vanessa L., Guy Crundwell, James B. Updegraff III, Matthias Zeller, and Allen D. Hunter. "4-Bromothiophene-2-carboxaldehyde." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 59, no. 11 (2003): o1812—o1813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536803023419.

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23

Shao, Si-Chang, Zhong-Lu You, Lu-Lu Tang, Yong-Shan Lin, and Hai-Liang Zhu. "Pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde picoloylhydrazone." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 60, no. 12 (2004): o2185—o2186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536804027382.

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24

Mao, Yanli, and Francois Mathey. "A Phosphinine 2-Carboxaldehyde." Organic Letters 14, no. 4 (2012): 1162–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ol300113z.

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25

Walker, James A., and Levi M. Stanley. "N-Heterocyclic carbene-catalysed intramolecular hydroacylation to form basic nitrogen-containing heterocycles." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 14, no. 42 (2016): 9981–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ob01956k.

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N-Heterocyclic carbene-catalysed intramolecular hydroacylation of N-allylimidazole-2-carboxaldehydes and N-allylbenzimidazole-2-carboxaldehydes is reported. These exo-selective hydroacylations of unactivated alkenes enable the synthesis of a variety of basic, polycyclic nitrogen heterocycles in good-to-excellent yields.

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26

Naskar, Subhendu, Abhijit Hazra, Priyankar Paira, Krishnendu B. Sahu, Sukdeb Banerjee, and Nirup B. Mondal. "NH4Cl-Promoted Synthesis of Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical Triindolylmethanes Under Solvent-Free Conditions." Journal of Chemical Research 2008, no. 10 (2008): 568–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/030823408x361101.

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The synthesis of various triindolylmethanes from indole-3-carboxaldehyde, using indole derivatives as reactants and NH4Cl as catalyst under solvent-free conditions, is described. This methodology provides access to both symmetrical and unsymmetrical triindolylmethanes in excellent yields. With N-methylindole particularly, indole-3-carboxaldehyde appears to act as a formyl donor, leading to the exclusive formation of a symmetrically trisubstituted product. The novelty of the methodology lies in its operational simplicity, environment friendly reaction conditions, and inexpensive and easy availability of the catalyst. A plausible mechanism of formation of the products is suggested.

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Daljeet, Singh Manhas*1 Anuja Chauhan. "SYNTHESIS AND NMR STUDY OF HYDROXYQUINOXALINE CARBOXALIDINE AMINO METHYL PHENOL COBALT (II) METAL COMPLEX." iajps,csk publications 03, no. 11 (2016): 1350–53. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.195198.

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<em>Transition metal complex of Schiff base formed by the condensation of quinoxaline-2-carboxaldehyde with 2-aminophenol or were synthesized and characterized by NMR spectroscopy. The phenolic OH and NH signals which are found at 12.85 and 11.52 ppm in the spectrum of the ligand are not seen in the spectrum of the Co (II) complex indicating the enolisation of the Schiff base in Co (II) complex and participation of the phenolic OH group in chelation with proton displacement</em> <strong>Keywords</strong>: <em>condensation, carboxaldehyde, 2-aminophenol, Schiff base, NMR spectra</em>

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28

D., Ramachandiran*. "Colorimetric And Fluorimertic Sensing of Pb2+ Ion by A New N, N-Bis((Furan-2-Yl) Methylene) Benzene-1,2-Diamine Based Schiff Base Chemosensor." International Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IJPBS) 14, no. 4 (2024): 55–61. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14558371.

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AbstractA new Schiff base N, N-bis (furan-2-yl) methylene) butane-1, 4-diamine (L) synthesized by the condensation of Furan-2-carboxaldehyde with benzene-1,2-diamine. The optical response of the compound L towards different metal ions is remarkable both colorimetric and fluorimertic response for Pb2+ ion only. The UV-Vis and fluorescence spectral studies of L with various metal ions were consistent of visual naked eye observation and stoichiometry high binding ability for new fluorescent probes for the detection of Pb (II) metal ions.KeywordsSchiff base, Furan-2-carboxaldehyde, Benzene-1,2-diamine, colorimetric sensor, fluorimertic sensor

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29

Lakshmi Reddy, Vanammoole, Parvathaneni Sai Prathima, Vaidya Jayathirtha Rao, and Raktani Bikshapathi. "An efficient synthesis of versatile synthon 3-chlorooxindoles with NaCl/oxone." New Journal of Chemistry 42, no. 24 (2018): 20152–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nj04855j.

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30

B., CHANDRASEKRAR, V. RAMANA D., and R. RAMADAS S. "Investigations concerning the Synthesis of Condensed Furanopyrazoles, Furanodiazepines and Furanooxazepines starting with 3-Chloro-6-methoxybenzofuran- 2-carboxaldehyde. Part-IV." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 6, June 1990 (1990): 493–96. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6202052.

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Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras-600 036 <em>Manuscript received 4 August 1989, accepted 22 January 1990</em> 3-Chloro-6-methoxybenzofuran-2-carboxaldehyde (2) on condensation with a variety of nitrogen dinucleophiles gave the expected aldimines (3a - d, 4a- d, 5). Attempted intramolecular cyclisation under the influence of acid or base catalysis or thermolysis or even photolysis of these aldimines (3a- d, 4a- d, 5) was however found to be unsuccessful. Even the chloroacetal (12) prepared from the chloroaldehyde (2) failed to undergo substitution of the halogen by the nitrogen nucleophiles in affording the corresponding substituted acetal (13). The tosylate (16) derived from the aldimine (5) also failed to undergo intramolecular cyclisation in furnishing the anticipated seven-membered heterocyclic derivative (17).      

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31

CHANDRA, KANTA GHOSH, and BISWAS SUBHABRATA. "Benzopyrans. Part-XXVIl1. Synthesis of 2-Methyl-4-oxo- 4H-1-benzopyran-3-carboxaldehyde and 3(5)-Salicyloylpyrazole from 2-Unsubstituted 4-Oxo-4H-1- benzopyran-3-carboxaldehyde." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 67, July 1990 (1990): 568–70. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6218502.

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Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Calcutta University, Calcutta-700 019 <em>Manuscript received 14 February 1990, accepted 30 March 1990</em> The fused 1-pyrazoline (3), prepared from diazomethane and the acetal (2) corres-ponding to 4-oxo-4<em>H</em>-1-benzopyran-3-carboxaldehyde (1; R=H,Me, Cl and Br) gives exclusively the acetal (4) on being refluxed in toluene but a mixture of the acetal (4) and 3(5)-salicyloylpyrazole (9) on neat pyrolysis at 160-70°. The pyrazole (9) also results exclusively from percolation of a solution of the pyrazoline (3) in ethyl acetate through a column of Brockman neutral alumina. Acid-catalysed deacetalisation of the acetal ( 4) affords the title aldehyde (5).

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32

Kalkote, Uttam R., Sharad P. Panchgalle, Kumodini K. Mahakal, Suman M. Choudhary, and Subhash P. Chavan. "A new method for the preparation of 1,2-benzisoxazole-3-carboxaldehyde." Journal of Chemical Research 2005, no. 2 (2005): 99–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/0308234054497164.

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33

Sabzi, Noor Ali, and May Mohammed Jawad. "Synthesis, Characterization, and Preliminary Evaluation of Antimicrobial activity of Imines derived from Vanillic Acid Conjugated to Heterocyclic." Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-ISSN 1683 - 3597 E-ISSN 2521 - 3512) 32, Suppl. (2023): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31351/vol32isssuppl.pp8-15.

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The purpose of this research is to prepare new vanillic acid derivatives with 1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol heterocyclic ring and evaluate their antimicrobial activity in a preliminary assessment. A multistep synthesis was established for the preparation of new vanillic acid-triazole conjugates. The intermediate of 4-(4-amino-5-mercapto-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)-2-methoxyphenol (4) reacts with different heterocyclic aldehydes (thiophene-2-carboxaldehyde, pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde, thiophene-3-carboxaldehyde, and furfural ) in ethanol containing few drops of acetic acid yielded the corresponding 4-(4-(substituted amino)-5-mercapto-4H-1,2,4-1triazol-3-yl)-2-methoxy phenol derivatives (5-8). These compounds were characterized spectroscopically by FT-1IR and 1H-1NMR. These imine derivatives (5-8) were tested for their antimicrobial activity and compared with three different standard references (amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, and fluconazole). Overall, compounds 6 and 8 exhibited varying degrees of inhibitory effects on the growth of the examined bacterial species and fungus. The most active one is compound 6 having pyrrole ring imine derivative showed potent activity against C. 1albicans and moderate activity against all tested bacteria compared to other derivatives but no activity toward P. 1aeruginosa and P. 1mirabilis.

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34

Chen, Chunxiang, Daniel Hernández Maldonado, Damien Le Borgne, et al. "Synthesis of benzothiadiazole-based molecules via direct arylation: an eco-friendly way of obtaining small semi-conducting organic molecules." New Journal of Chemistry 40, no. 9 (2016): 7326–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6nj00847j.

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35

Dvořák, Dalimil, David Šaman, Jana Hodačová, Vladimír Král, and Zdeněk Arnold. "Michael reaction of methylenemalonaldehydes: Synthetic approach to 4H-pyran-5-carboxaldehydes and 2-amino-4H-pyran-5-carboxaldehydes." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 52, no. 11 (1987): 2687–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19872687.

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Base-catalyzed addition of β-dicarbonyl compounds to methylenemalonaldehydes led to tetracarbonyl compounds II which were dehydrated in an acid medium to 4H-pyran-5-carboxaldehydes III. In the addition of compounds containing a nitrile group, the primarily formed addition products were immediately cyclized to give directly 2-amino-4H-pyran-5-carboxaldehydes V.

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36

Coskun, Demet, Misir Ahmedzade, and Sevda Kirbag. "3-(Substituted Aryl)-1-benzofuranyl-2-propenones: Antimicrobial Properties of Some Chalcones-Type Compounds and their 2-Pyrazoline Derivatives." E-Journal of Chemistry 8, no. 4 (2011): 1574–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/806854.

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2-Acetylbenzofuran on condensation with furan-2-carboxaldehyde and pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde in methanolic KOH solution yielded the corresponding benzofuran chalcones. These two compounds and nine benzofuran chalcones were synthesized before, were further reacted with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol which led to the formation of 2-pyrazoline derivatives. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, melting point determination, infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Nine chalcone-type compounds and eleven 2-pyrazolines were evaluated for their biological activities against the six bacteria and the three yeast and it was seen that thirteen compounds showed activity. Four of them are chalcone-type compounds showed more or less activity.

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37

Chahma, M’hamed, and Somaiah Almubayedh. "Synthesis and characterization of terthiophene bearing stable radicals." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 99, no. 1 (2021): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2020-0338.

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The synthesis and characterization of a new terthiophene bearing stable radical II is described. Through a cross coupling reaction between 2-tributylstannylthiophene and 6-(2,5-dibromo-thiophene-3-yl)pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde (2), 6-[2,2′:5′,2″]terthiophen-3′-ylpyridine-2-carboxaldehyde (3) was prepared. The condensation of 3 with 2, 4-diisopropylcarbonohydrazide bis-hydrochloride affords the heterocyclic tetrazane (4), which was oxidized with 1,4-benzoquinone to form the stable radical II. II characterized by IR, ESR, and cyclic voltammetry. Oxidative electropolymerization of II and its precursor 4 at oxidation peak potential of the terthiophene using cyclic voltammetric scans produces radical functionalized polyterthiophene on a platinum electrode (poly(II)-Pt).

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38

Minville, Joannie, Mélina Girardin, and Claude Spino. "Efficient preparation of chiral non-racemic sulfur compounds." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 85, no. 9 (2007): 603–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v07-091.

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p-Menthane-3-carboxaldehyde serves as an efficient chiral auxiliary in the preparation of chiral non-racemic S-alkylthiocarbamates or S-dithiocarbonates via the 3,3-sigmatropic rearrangement of the corresponding alkylthionocarbamates or xanthates. The transfer of chirality during rearrangement is complete, and the final products possess a chiral tertiary or quaternary carbon bearing sulfur. The rearranged products are then transformed into enantiopure cyclic or acyclic sulfur-containing products, depending on the means of clivage of the auxiliary. The synthesis of a potent MMP-13 inhibitor is presented.Key words: 3,3-sigmatropic rearrangement, p-menthane-3-carboxaldehyde, S-alkylthiocarbamate, S-dithiocarbonate, alkylthionocarbamate, xanthate, ring-closing metathesis.

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39

Xiao, Dong, and Daniel M. Ketcha. "1-(BENZENESULFONYL)PYRROLE-3-CARBOXALDEHYDE." Organic Preparations and Procedures International 27, no. 4 (1995): 503–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00304949509458488.

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40

Kedziorek, Mariusz, Klaus Hafner, and Hans J. Lindner. "(Z)-Azulene-1-carboxaldehyde oxime." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 59, no. 5 (2003): o657—o658. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536803008146.

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41

Mariusz, Kedziorek, Klaus Hafner, and Hans J. Lindner. "(E)-Azulene-1-carboxaldehyde oxime." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 59, no. 6 (2003): o860—o861. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536803008158.

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42

Caprio, Vittorio, Michael Jones, and Margaret Brimble. "Pyridine-3-carboxaldehyde O-methyloxime." Molecules 6, no. 3 (2001): M202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/m202.

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43

Adly, Omima M. I., Ali Taha, Shery A. Fahmy, and Magdy A. Ibrahim. "TD-DFT calculations, dipole moments, and solvatochromic properties of 2-aminochromone-3-carboxaldehyde and its hydrazone derivatives." RSC Advances 13, no. 38 (2023): 26587–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3ra05081e.

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2-Aminochromone-3-carboxaldehyde (ACC) and its hydrazones (ACMHCA and ACMNPHTCA) with semicarbazide hydrochloride and N-phenylthiosemicarbazide were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis and spectral studies.

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44

Guzmán, Angel, Moises Romero, and Joseph M. Muchowski. "Vilsmeier–Haack reaction with succinamidals. A convenient synthesis of 5-chloropyrrole-2-carboxaldehydes and 5-chloropyrrole-2,4-dicarboxaldehydes." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 68, no. 5 (1990): 791–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v90-125.

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It is shown that the reaction of N-alkylsuccinamidals (2) with the Vilsmeier–Haack reagent derived from DMF and phosphorus oxychloride can be controlled to preferentially produce either 5-chloropyrrole-2-carboxaldehydes (8) or 5-chloropyrrole-2,4-dicarboxaldehydes (9). The corresponding N-unsubstituted aldehydes are obtained when N-tert-butoxycarbonylsuccinamidal (11) is the substrate in the above reactions. Keywords: Vilsmeier–Haack reaction, succinamidals, 5-chloropyrrole-2-carboxaldehydes, 5-chloropyrrole-2,4-dicarboxaldehydes.

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45

Sun, Daniel L., Soumya Poddar, Roy D. Pan, et al. "Isoquinoline thiosemicarbazone displays potent anticancer activity with in vivo efficacy against aggressive leukemias." RSC Medicinal Chemistry 11, no. 3 (2020): 392–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9md00594c.

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Potent α-N-heterocyclic carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (HCT) antiproliferatives were synthesized through iterative rounds of methylation and fluorination modifications, with anticancer activities being potentiated by physiological levels of copper.

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46

Kumari, Babli, Sisir Lohar, Sangita Adhikari, et al. "Rhodamine derived colorimetric and fluorescence mercury(ii) chemodosimeter for human breast cancer cell (MCF7) imaging." RSC Advances 5, no. 28 (2015): 21797–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra14624g.

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Condensation of rhodaminehydrazone with naphthalene-1-carboxaldehyde generates a colourless probe, RDHDNAP that can selectively detect Hg<sup>2+</sup>through generation of a pink color along with significant fluorescence enhancement.

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47

Wang, Jieqiong, Weifeng Yan, Xu Cheng, Yonggang Tong, Sihong Wang, and Chunmei Jin. "The Intestinal Barrier Protective Effect of Indole Aldehyde Derivatives on Acute Toxoplasma gondii Infection." Molecules 29, no. 21 (2024): 5024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29215024.

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Toxoplasmosis, a zoonotic infection caused by Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), poses a significant risk to human health and public safety. Despite the availability of clinical treatments, none effectively mitigate the intestinal barrier damage, which is the primary defense against T. gondii invasion. This study introduced aldehyde groups into the indole scaffold of a peptide-like structure to investigate the protective effects of these indole aldehyde derivatives on the intestinal barrier in mice with acute T. gondii infection. This approach leveraged the propensity of peptides and aldehyde groups to form hydrogen bonds. We synthesized a range of indole derivatives using the Vilsmeier–Haack reaction and evaluated their intestinal barrier protective effects both in vitro and in vivo. Our findings revealed that indole derivatives A1 (1-Formyl-1H-indole-3-acetonitrile), A3 (Indole-3-carboxaldehyde), A5 (2-Chloro-1H-indole-3-carboxaldehyde), A8 (1-Methyl-indole-3-carboxaldehyde), and A9 (1-Methyl-2-phenyl-1H-indole-3-carboxaldehyde) demonstrated a higher selectivity index compared to the positive control, spiramycin. These derivatives enhanced gastrointestinal motility, increased glutathione (GSH) levels in the small intestine, and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in the small intestine tissue and diamine oxidase (DAO) and NO levels in the serum of infected mice. Notably, A3 exhibited comparable anti-T. gondii tachyzoites activity in the peritoneal cavity. Molecular docking studies indicated that the aldehyde group on the indole scaffold not only formed a hydrogen bond with NTPase-II but also interacted with TgCDPK1 through hydrogen bonding. Among the derivatives, A3 showed promising intestinal barrier protective effects in mice with acute T. gondii infection. This research suggests that indole derivatives could serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for intestinal diseases induced by T. gondii, offering a novel direction for treating intestinal barrier damage and providing valuable insights for the chemical modification of drugs targeting T. gondii. Furthermore, it contributes to the advancement of therapeutic approaches for toxoplasmosis.

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48

Martins-Costa, Marilia T. C., Josep M. Anglada, Joseph S. Francisco, and Manuel F. Ruiz-López. "Photosensitization mechanisms at the air–water interface of aqueous aerosols." Chemical Science 13, no. 9 (2022): 2624–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1sc06866k.

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First-principles molecular dynamics simulations of imidazole-2-carboxaldehyde at the air–water interface highlight the role of surfactants in stabilising the reactive triplet state involved in photosensitisation reactions in aqueous aerosols.

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49

Li, Jian, Hongni Wang, Jiangtao Sun, Yang Yang, and Li Liu. "Mild gold-catalyzed three-component dehydrogenative coupling of terminal alkynes to amines and indole-2-carboxaldehyde." Org. Biomol. Chem. 12, no. 16 (2014): 2523–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ob42431f.

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A mild gold-catalyzed three-component dehydrogenative coupling of terminal alkynes to amines and indole-2-carboxaldehyde has been developed, which provides a practical synthetic strategy for the synthesis of indole derivatives.

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50

Chakraborty, Manisha, Sani Kundu, and Ashis Bhattacharjee. "Insights into a co-precursor driven solid-state thermal reaction of ferrocene carboxaldehyde leading to hematite nanomaterial: a reaction kinetic study." RSC Advances 13, no. 50 (2023): 34972–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3ra07045j.

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Thermal decomposition of a mixture of ferrocene carboxaldehyde and oxalic acid dihydrate in O2 atmosphere produced rod-like hematite nanomaterial. Kinetic analysis of the reaction demonstrated the co-precursor as reaction enhancer.

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