To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Carcinoma of Prostate.
Journal articles on the topic 'Carcinoma of Prostate'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Carcinoma of Prostate.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Sruogis, Algimantas, Ugnius Mickys, Tadas Petraitis, Edita Kaubrienė, and Feliksas Jankevičius. "Prostatos urotelio karcinoma, diagnozuota atlikus biopsiją. Klinikinis atvejis ir literatūros apžvalga." Lietuvos chirurgija 3, no. 4 (January 1, 2005): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lietchirur.2005.4.2303.
Full textAbstract:
Algimantas Sruogis1, Ugnius Mickys2, Tadas Petraitis1, Edita Kaubrienė3, Feliksas Jankevičius11 Vilniaus universiteto Onkologijos institutoUrologijos skyrius,Santariškių g. 1, LT-08661 VilniusEl paštas: sruogis@loc.lt2 Lietuvos nacionalinis patologijos centras3 Vilniaus universiteto Onkologijos institutoIntervencinės echoskopijos irultragarsinės diagnostikos skyrius Tikslas Nustatyti diagnostinius prostatos urotelio karcinomos kriterijus, diferencijuojant urotelio karcinomą, peraugančią šlapimo pūslės kaklelį ir prostatą, nuo prostatos adenokarcinomos, peraugančios šlapimo pūslę. Atvejis Pacientas, 37 metų, trejus metus gydytas nuo lėtinio prostatito. Prostatos sekrete nustačius atipinių ląstelių, įtarus prostatos vėžį, ligonis nusiųstas į VU Onkologijos institutą. Tyrimo pro tiesiąją žarną, cistoskopijos, rentgenologinio, ultragarso ir serumo žymenų tyrimo duomenimis, diddesnių pokyčių nerasta. Atlikus transuretrinę šlapimo pūslės gleivinės biopsiją (TUR) iš šlapimo pūslės sienelių, kaklelio ir šlaplės prostatinės gleivinės, histologiškai nustatyti normalūs urotelio audiniai. Šlapimo citologinis tyrimas buvo neigiamas. Atlikus transrektalinę prostatos biopsiją, diagnozuotas prostatos urotelio navikas, imunohistochemiškai neigiamas PSA (prostatos specifiniam antigenui) ir teigiamas citokeratinams CK8 ir CK HMW. Pacientui buvo atlikta radikali cistoprostatektomija, pašalinti dubens limfmazgiai ir suformuotas šlapimo nuotėkis į ileum segmentą, išvestą į priekinę pilvo sieną (Brycker būdu). Morfologinė diagnozė – prostatos urotelio karcinoma. Taip pat diagnozuota prostatos adenokarcinoma ir prostatos intraepitelinė neoplazija. Po 15 mėnesių PSA lygis buvo 0,2 ng/ml, jokių ligos progresavimo požymių nepasireiškė. Remiantis šiuo klinikiniu atveju straipsnyje apžvelgiama literatūra, aiškinantis prostatos urotelio karcinomos ir adenokarcinomos skirtumus. Išvados Diagnozuojant prostatos urotelio karcinomą reikia vadovautis tam tikrais kriterijais: 1) prostatos urotelio karcinoma turi būti verifikuota makro-, mikroskopiškai ir imunohistocheminiais metodais, 2) neturėtų būti kitų urotelio karcinomos židinių organizme. Būtent prostatos biopsija leidžia patologui nustatyti tikslią diagnozę prieš operaciją. Imunohistocheminis tyrimas padeda atlikti diferencinę diagnostiką. Po operacijos tiriant pašalintus audinius, diagnozė patikslinama histomorfologiškai, naudojant imunohistocheminius tyrimus, net jei ir labai retai nustatoma prostatos urotelio karcinoma. Reikšminiai žodžiai: prostatos vėžys, urotelio karcinoma, prostatos urotelio karcinoma, prostatos biopsija Prostate urothelial carcinoma diagnosed on prostatic needle biopsy. Case report with literature overview Algimantas Sruogis1, Ugnius Mickys2, Tadas Petraitis1, Edita Kaubrienė3, Feliksas Jankevičius11 Vilnius University Institute of Oncology,Urology Department,Santariškių str. 1,LT-08661 Vilnius, LithuaniaE-mail: sruogis@loc.lt2 Lithuanian National Centre of Pathology3 Vilnius University Institute of Oncology,Radiology Department Objective To establish criteria for the diagnosis of primary urothelial prostate carcinoma after the differential diagnosis including high-grade urothelial carcinoma extending into the bladder neck and prostate versus poorly differentiated prostate adenocarcinoma extending into the bladder. Case report The patient was a 37-year-old man with severe prostatism symptoms, who presented with an atypical seminal vesicles fluid cytological test result. The prostate was also normal by the digital examination, endoscopy, roentgenography, ultrasonography and serum markers. A diagnostic transurethral resection of bladder mucosa, bladder neck specimen revealed normal urothelial tissues. The urine cytological test result was negative. The transrectal biopsy of the prostate revealed an urothelial carcinoma with a negative staining of PSA (prostate-specific antigen) and positive of cytokeratins CK 8 and CK HMW. The patient subsequently underwent radical cystoprostatectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy with ileal conduit m. Brycker creation. The histological diagnosis was the urothelial carcinoma of the prostate. Also, the prostate showed foci of High Grade PIN and prostate adenocarcinoma. After 15 months the patient has a PSA level of 0.2 ng/mL, no symptoms, no evidence of progression. Based on this case of the urothelial carcinoma of prostate, the literature was reviewed and the morphological differentiation between urothelial carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the prostate was discussed. Conclusions The diagnostic criteria are the following: (1) the tumor should be a macro-, microscopically and imunohistochemically verified as urothelial carcinoma localized exclusively in the prostate gland; (2) there must be no other primary urothelial carcinoma in the body. These criteria can be readily applied when evaluating surgical resection specimens. With the use of radiologically guided or endoscopically derived biopsies, however, the pathologist is increasingly called upon to make a diagnosis before definitive surgical resection. In these circumstances, the pathologist will often resort to immunostains to help refine the differential diagnosis. Moreover, even when surgical resection specimens are evaluated, immunostains are still used in conjunction with histomorphology to confirm the diagnosis, particularly when a rare entity such as primary urothelial prostate carcinoma is encountered. Keywords: prostate cancer, urothelial carcinoma, prostate urothelial carcinoma, prostatic needle biopsy
2
Krušlin, Božo, Lucija Škara, Tonći Vodopić, Borna Vrhovec, Jure Murgić, Goran Štimac, Ana Fröbe, Cvjetko Lež, Monika Ulamec, and Koraljka Gall-Trošelj. "Genetics of Prostate Carcinoma." Acta Medica Academica 50, no. 1 (May 26, 2021): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5644/ama2006-124.327.
Full textAbstract:
<p>The aim of this review is to provide a brief overview of some current approaches regarding diagnostics, pathologic features, treatment, and genetics of prostate carcinoma (PCa). Prostate carcinoma is the most common visceral tumor and the second most common cancer-related cause of death in males. Clinical outcomes for patients with localized prostate cancer are excellent, but despite advances in prostate cancer treatments, castrate-resistant prostate cancer and metastatic prostate cancer patients have a poor prognosis. Advanced large-scale genomic studies revealed a large number of genetic alterations in prostate cancer. The meaning of these alterations needs to be validated in the specific prostate cancer molecular subtype context. Along these lines, there is a critical need for establishing genetically engineered mouse models, which would include speckle type BTB/POZ protein and isocitrate Dehydrogenase (NADP (+)) 1 mutant, as well as androgen receptor neuroendocrine subtypes of prostate cancer. Another urgent need is developing highly metastatic prostate cancer models, as only up to 17% of available models dis- play bone metastases and exhibit a less typical neuroendocrine prostate cancer or sarcomatoid carcinoma. Moreover, androgen deprivation and relapse should be mimicked in the genetically engineered mouse models, as androgen independence may yield a better model for metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer. The development of such refined animal models should be guid- ed by comparative genomics of primary versus corresponding metastatic tumors. Such an approach will have the potential to illuminate the key genetic events associated with specific molecular prostate cancer subsets and indicate directions for effective therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong>. Despite excellent results in the treatment of localized prostatic carcinoma, castrate-resistant prostate can- cer and metastatic prostate cancer have a poor prognosis. Advanced large-scale genomic studies revealed a large number of ge- netic alterations in PCa. Experimental models of prostate carcinoma in genetically modified mice could provide new data about the genetic changes in such cancers and help in developing better animal models for treatment resistant prostate carcinomas.</p>
3
Spirovski, M., M. A. Lucic, K. M. Koprivek, D. Kozic, N. M. Prvulovic, M. M. Popov, and D. Jovanovic. "Magnetic resonance imaging and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the diagnosis of prostate carcinoma." Acta chirurgica Iugoslavica 56, no. 4 (2009): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/aci0904183s.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: To estimate the diagnostic possibilities of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques and threedimensional multivoxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in patients with clinical suspicion of prostate carcinoma. Materials and methods: 36 patients suspected to have prostate carcinoma underwent MRI with dynamic contrast enhanced study and MRS at 1.5T MRI unit using a pelvic phased array coil. MRI and MRS results were correlated with pathohystological findings after radical prostatectomy and standard biopsy with 12 or 24 cores or guided biopsy. Results: Out of 44 detected prostate carcinomas, 38 (86.36%) demonstrated low T2W signal intensity while pathognomonic contrast enhancement has been detected in 40 (91%) carcinomas. MRS showed (Cho+Cr)/Ci ratio mean value of 3.52 in carcinoma, and 0.14 in normal prostatic tissue (p<0,01). Conclusion: MR techniques, both nonenhanced and contrast enhanced when combined with MRS can provide reliable diagnostic results in the evaluation of prostate carcinoma even by use of pelvic phased array coil at 1.5T unit.
4
Robinson, Brian, Cristina Magi-Galluzzi, and Ming Zhou. "Intraductal Carcinoma of the Prostate." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 136, no. 4 (April 1, 2012): 418–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2011-0519-ra.
Full textAbstract:
Context.—Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) is a distinct clinicopathologic entity, characterized by an expansile proliferation of secretory cells within prostatic ducts and acini that demonstrate marked architectural and cytologic atypia. Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate is strongly associated with high-grade and high-volume, invasive prostate cancer and a poorer prognosis than cases without IDC-P. Objective.—To review the historic perspectives, pathologic and genetic features, diagnostic criteria and differential diagnoses, and the clinical significance of IDC-P. Data Sources.—Relevant studies indexed in PubMed. Conclusions.—It is critical to recognize IDC-P, especially in prostate biopsies in which the clinical implications of IDC-P are greatest. Morphologic criteria have been proposed to distinguish IDC-P from several other lesions with similar histologic appearance such as high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, invasive cribriform prostate cancer, and urothelial carcinoma involving the prostate. Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate is an uncommon finding in prostate biopsies, and it is even rarer as an isolated finding without concomitant prostate cancer in biopsies. However, patients with isolated IDC-P in biopsies are recommended for either definitive treatment or immediate repeat biopsy.
5
Billis, Athanase, and Luis A. Magna. "Prostate Elastosis." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 124, no. 9 (September 1, 2000): 1306–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2000-124-1306-pe.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background.—Elastosis of the prostate may be seen on needle biopsy and radical prostatectomy specimens, but its significance is unknown. Prostatic atrophy (or postatrophic hyperplasia) is one of the most frequent mimics of prostatic adenocarcinoma. Objective.—To observe the frequent occurrence of elastosis of the prostate stroma in areas of postatrophic hyperplasia. Design.—A step-section method was used to cut the posterior lobe (or peripheral zone) in coronal planes at intervals of 0.3 to 0.5 cm in 100 consecutive autopsy specimens of men older than 40 years. Elastosis was detected because of a basophilic tinge of the stroma on hematoxylin-eosin stain and confirmed using elastic fiber stains. Presence of elastosis correlated with the following variables: age, prostatic atrophy (simple, hyperplastic, or sclerotic), local arteriosclerosis, histologic carcinoma, high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, benign or malignant nephrosclerosis, generalized atherosclerosis, nodular prostatic hyperplasia, and acute inflammation. For statistics, a stepwise linear regression method adjusted for age was used. Results and Conclusions.—Elastosis was found in 65 of the prostates examined and was significantly more frequent with increasing age (P < .001), prostatic atrophy (P < .001), and local arteriosclerosis (P < .02). There was no significant relation to histologic carcinoma, high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, benign or malignant nephrosclerosis, generalized atherosclerosis, nodular prostatic hyperplasia, and acute inflammation. The correlation with local arteriosclerosis favors a possible role of ischemia to its etiopathogenesis. The absence of correlation to neoplastic and preneoplastic lesions and the striking spatial relationship of elastosis to prostatic atrophy (or postatrophic hyperplasia) add a new microscopic feature for the diagnosis of this latter lesion, helping in the differential diagnosis with prostate adenocarcinoma.
6
Mneimneh, Wadad S., Konstantinos Linos, Paras Shah, Timothy A. Jennings, Hugh Fisher, and Tipu Nazeer. "Micropapillary Carcinoma: New Variant of Prostatic Acinar Adenocarcinoma." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 136, no. 11 (November 1, 2012): 1447–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2011-0359-cr.
Full textAbstract:
A micropapillary variant of prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma has not been reported in the literature. Herein, we report a case of a 50-year-old patient who presented with an elevated prostate-specific antigen concentration and was subsequently diagnosed with prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma on biopsy. Radical prostatectomy specimen revealed prostatic carcinoma with Gleason score 4 + 5 = 9/10, with micropapillary component constituting 80% of tumor volume. Immunohistochemical studies of the prostate carcinoma showed a homogeneously positive prostate-specific antigen and α-methylacyl-CoA racemase, high-molecular-weight cytokeratin, and p63 protein cocktail pattern of staining in both micropapillary and conventional components. Pelvic lymph nodes were negative for metastatic disease. In contrast to the aggressive behavior of micropapillary carcinomas of other organs, the disease in our patient has thus far followed a more benign course, with low stage on presentation and a 2-year follow-up free of disease. However, prognostic correlation should be established on large series in order to assign this variant to a grade category within the Gleason scheme.
7
Tonini, G., R. Rosini, A. Teppa, V. Aulenti, F. Kalantary, M. Tosana, D. Bianchi, and F. Zorzi. "Adenoid cystic/basal cell carcinoma of the prostate: case report." Urologia Journal 75, no. 4 (October 2008): 245–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039156030807500409.
Full textAbstract:
Although most prostate carcinomas belong to the conventional acinar type, unusual variants have been reported. The adenoid cystic/basal cell carcinoma of the prostate is a rare tumor with distinctive histopathologic features. There are quite few publications in the literature concerning the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of this neoplasm. Methods. A 71-year-old man had an increased PSA value (5.11 ng/dL); the prostatic biopsy examination was positive for adenoid cystic/basal cell carcinoma. For this reason we proceeded with radical prostatectomy. The histology examination showed an acinar conventional carcinoma and adenoid cystic/basal cell carcinoma. At eight months the patient did not show any recurrence. Conclusions. Various histologic and immunohistochemical features are helpful in recognizing the adenoid cystic/basal cell carcinoma of the prostate. Clinically, the only difference from a conventional adenocarcinoma is that the PSA value is usually normal or only slightly increased. This tumor has a biological potential that can result in metastases in some cases; the current treatment consists primarily in the surgical resection. A close, long-term follow-up is strongly recommended.
8
Smith, D. C., J. A. Tucker, and D. L. Trump. "Hypercalcemia and neuroendocrine carcinoma of the prostate: a report of three cases and a review of the literature." Journal of Clinical Oncology 10, no. 3 (March 1992): 499–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1992.10.3.499.
Full textAbstract:
PURPOSE Hypercalcemia is a rare complication of prostate cancer, and no definite association with any histologic subtype of prostatic malignancy has been documented. We have recently seen three patients who developed hypercalcemia in the setting of prostate cancer. All had neuroendocrine carcinoma of the prostate (NCPs), which prompted an exploration of the potential association of hypercalcemia with NCP. DESIGN An extensive review of literature published in the English-language was conducted to identify cases of hypercalcemia associated with prostate cancer and well-documented cases of NCP. RESULTS We found 17 reported cases of hypercalcemia clearly associated with prostate cancer and a total of 61 cases of well-documented NCP. Including our cases, 11 of the 20 reported cases of hypercalcemia associated with prostate carcinoma were in patients with neuroendocrine carcinomas. CONCLUSION Hypercalcemia in the setting of prostate cancer should prompt a search for unusual histologies.
9
(MD Radiology), Dr Mohammed Ameer Ali Khan Afrose MBBS. "MRI in Diagnosis of Prostate Carcinoma." Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research 05, no. 03 (March 14, 2017): 18676–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i3.67.
Full text
10
He, Lin, Christopher Metter, Vitaly Margulis, and Payal Kapur. "A Review Leveraging a Rare and Unusual Case of Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Prostate." Case Reports in Pathology 2021 (May 4, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5520581.
Full textAbstract:
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a rare nonacinar variant of prostatic carcinoma. In spite of prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma being one of the most common carcinomas in prostate, <100 prostatic BCC cases have been reported to date. Adenoid cystic/cribriform histology has been described in varying proportions to occur in prostatic BCC and is reported to be associated with aggressive behavior and high risk of metastasis. Herein, we present a case of prostatic BCC with adenoid cystic morphology, comprehensively describe its immunohistochemical and MYB/MYBL1 gene rearrangement findings, discuss its differential diagnosis, and review the literature of this rare entity.
11
Mai, Kien T., Denise C. Landry, and John P. Collins. "Secondary Colonic Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate Histologically Mimicking Prostatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma." Tumori Journal 88, no. 4 (July 2002): 341–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030089160208800418.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose To study the clinical presentation and pathological features of secondary colonic adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Materials and methods Six cases of colonic adenocarcinoma extending into the prostate were retrieved from the surgical pathology and autopsy files of the period 1985-1999. Immunostaining for prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), prostate specific antigen (PSA), cytokeratin 7 (CK7), cytokeratin 20 (CK20) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was carried out in all cases. Clinical charts were also reviewed. Results Secondary colonic carcinoma spread into the prostatic stroma and along the prostatic ducts. In all four surgical cases, patients with a known history of rectal carcinoma presented with symptoms of urinary obstruction after 12 to 36 months of being free of recurrent or metastatic disease. In three surgical cases the secondary carcinoma involved the prostatic urethra in a form mimicking endometriod carcinoma, which led to an incorrect diagnosis of prostatic endometrioid carcinoma in one case. The tumor cells were immunoreactive to CK20 and CEA and not reactive to CK7, PAP and PSA. Conclusions Colonic carcinoma involving the prostate may mimic prostatic duct carcinoma due to the ductal and urethral involvement. Using a panel of immunostaining and clinical history is helpful in the differential diagnosis.
12
Wynn, San San, Satyagnani Nagabundi, Jaik Koo, and Nena W. Chin. "Recurrent Prostate Carcinoma Presenting as Omental Large Cell Carcinoma With Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Resulting in Bowel Obstruction." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 124, no. 7 (June 1, 2000): 1074–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2000-124-1074-rpcpao.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Neuroendocrine differentiation in the neoplastic prostate varies from foci of adenocarcinoma showing immunoreactivity to the pure small cell carcinoma, which correlates with poor prognosis. Widely metastatic disease in unusual sites is reported for small cell carcinoma, and rarely is the serum prostate-specific antigen level elevated. We report a case of recurrent prostate adenocarcinoma presenting as bowel obstruction due to widespread metastatic disease in the omentum and peritoneum. The histopathology of the omental metastasis was that of a large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, without evidence of an adenocarcinoma. The absence of a clinically evident second primary tumor, the concomitant elevated serum prostate-specific antigen level, and the positive tissue immunoreactivities to prostatic markers all supported the prostatic origin of the omental tumor. Review of the importance of prostatic neuroendocrine differentiation and its unusual metastatic patterns is presented.
13
Shah, Rajal B., Min W. Lee, Alvaro A. Giraldo, and Mahul B. Amin. "Histologic and Histochemical Characterization of Seminal Vesicle Intraluminal Secretions." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 125, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2001-125-0141-hahcos.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Context.—We have observed intraluminal crystalloid morphology in seminal vesicles that is superficially similar to that seen in prostate neoplasia, but found little information on such morphology in the literature. Design.—Two hundred fifty-three prostate specimens (163 needle biopsies, 75 radical prostatectomies with prostate carcinoma, 11 prostates from autopsy, and 4 cystoprostatectomies without prostate carcinoma) were examined for seminal vesicle secretions, which were categorized as (a) dense platelike inspissated, (b) fluidlike, (c) crystalloid morphology, and (d) absent. Histochemical stains (periodic acid–Schiff with and without diastase, Alcian blue at pH 2.5, and mucicarmine) were performed to characterize the nature of secretions. Results.—Proteinaceous secretions were identified in 82% of seminal vesicles examined. Of these, 61% had predominantly dense, platelike, inspissated secretions, 15% had predominantly fluidlike secretions, and 24% had predominantly crystalloid morphology. Although in some cases the crystalloid morphology resembled that of prostatic intraluminal crystalloids, the seminal vesicle crystalloids differed in that they were invariably multiple, had curved edges, and had varied forms (elliptical, cylindrical, rodlike, and rectangular). Seventy-one percent of seminal vesicle crystalloids were associated with dense, platelike, inspissated secretions and appeared to be created by fracturing within platelike secretions. There was no relationship between seminal vesicle crystalloid morphology and associated malignancy in the prostate gland, as it was seen in 24% of cases with prostate carcinoma and 25% of cases without prostate carcinoma (P = 1.0000). Fluidlike secretions were positive for Alcian blue (pH 2.5) and mucicarmine, whereas dense platelike secretions and crystalloid morphology were negative for Alcian blue (pH 2.5) and mucicarmine. Conclusions.—Seminal vesicle secretions are fairly common and, when fluidlike, are composed of acid mucopolysaccharides. Inspissation of secretions appears to be associated with loss of acidity, presumably resulting in dense platelike secretions and crystallization. Awareness of both the crystalloid morphology in seminal vesicle tissue and the distinguishing features from prostatic crystalloids may be important while interpreting prostate needle biopsies in which seminal vesicle epithelium may be confused for prostate carcinoma because of a small acinar morphology with accompanying cytologic atypia and crystalloid morphology.
14
Gan, Qiong, Cicily T. Joseph, Ming Guo, Miao Zhang, Xiaoping Sun, and Yun Gong. "Utility of NKX3.1 Immunostaining in the Detection of Metastatic Prostatic Carcinoma on Fine-Needle Aspiration Smears." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 152, no. 4 (June 8, 2019): 495–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqz063.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Objectives NK3 homeobox 1 (NKX3.1) has been increasingly used to diagnose metastatic prostatic carcinoma in histologic samples. However, its utility and reliability in cytologic direct smears have not been studied. Methods A total of 59 fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cases with a definitive diagnosis of metastatic carcinoma from the prostate were included. The cases were grouped based on different Gleason score in their corresponding primary tumors and morphologic variants. For each case, tumor cells were immunostained with NKX3.1, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) on cell-transferred smears. Results NKX3.1 was strongly and diffusely positive in all 40 metastatic prostatic adenocarcinomas, including those with ductal features, but negative for the 19 small cell carcinoma (SmCC) cases. NKX3.1 had a better detection rate than PSA (13/50, 26%) and PAP (0/47, 0%). Conclusions NKX3.1 immunostaining on FNA smears is highly reliable for detecting metastatic prostatic carcinomas of conventional and ductal types but not for SmCC.
15
Lopez-Beltran, Antonio, John N. Eble, and David G. Bostwick. "Pleomorphic Giant Cell Carcinoma of the Prostate." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 129, no. 5 (May 1, 2005): 683–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2005-129-0683-pgccot.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract We report the clinical and pathologic features of 2 cases of pleomorphic giant cell carcinoma of the prostate. One case was found at autopsy in a 77-year-old man and was composed of high-grade prostatic adenocarcinoma with prominent anaplastic giant cells. The patient presented with metastases to multiple retroperitoneal lymph nodes, liver, and lumbar vertebrae. The second case occurred in a 45-year-old man who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate and was found to have high-grade prostatic adenocarcinoma with an extensive anaplastic giant cell component. The patient presented with distant metastases and died within 9 months. Both regular adenocarcinoma and anaplastic giant tumor cells displayed cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for prostate-specific antigen, prostatic acid phosphatase, and keratin AE1/AE3; in one case, scattered cells were also positive for chromogranin and epithelial membrane antigen. Pleomorphic giant cell carcinoma is a rare variant of prostatic adenocarcinoma with a poor prognosis that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of prostatic pleomorphic tumors.
16
Erasmus, Corrie E., Wim I. M. Verhagen, Carla A. P. Wauters, and Erik J. van Lindert. "Brain Metastasis from Prostate Small Cell Carcinoma: Not to be Neglected." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 29, no. 4 (November 2002): 375–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100002250.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTBackground:Symptomatic brain metastases from prostatic carcinoma are rare (0.05% to 0.5%).Case report:A 70-year-old man presented with a homonymous hemianopsia due to brain metastatic prostatic carcinoma shortly before becoming symptomatic of prostatic disease. CT and MRI of the brain showed a tumour deep in the right hemisphere near the thalamus and involving the optic radiation.Results:Routine haematological and biochemical tests were normal. The prostate specific antigen level was low on two separate occasions. The prostatic and brain tumours showed identical appearances, namely of a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation (small cell carcinoma).Conclusion:A literature review suggests that small cell carcinoma of the prostate is more likely to spread to the brain compared to adenocarcinoma and that brain metastases indicate a poor prognosis. The prostate gland should be remembered as a possible cause of brain metastases and that a normal serum prostate specific antigen does not exclude this diagnosis.
17
Magers, Martin, Lakshmi Priya Kunju, and Angela Wu. "Intraductal Carcinoma of the Prostate: Morphologic Features, Differential Diagnoses, Significance, and Reporting Practices." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 139, no. 10 (October 1, 2015): 1234–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2015-0206-ra.
Full textAbstract:
The differential diagnosis for atypical cribriform lesions of the prostate has become increasingly complex and includes intraductal carcinoma of the prostate, high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, and atypical intraductal proliferations. In this review, we summarize the morphologic and molecular features and significance of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate. We also summarize our institution's strategy for reporting and treatment recommendations for intraductal carcinoma of the prostate.
18
Tizzani, Alessandro, Giovanni Casetta, Paolo Piana, Maurizio Bellina, Ferdinando Pecchio, Giuseppe Aimo, and Rita Adamo. "Serum Prostate-Specific Antigen Determination in Prostatic Carcinoma." International Journal of Biological Markers 2, no. 3 (September 1987): 184–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/172460088700200309.
Full textAbstract:
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a tissue-specific glycoprotein identified by Wang in 1979. It is synthesized in the prostate independently of prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP). A total of 199 subjects were divided into four groups: controls aged less than 50 years, controls aged more than 50 years, patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and patients with prostatic carcinoma. PSA cut-off value was set at 10 ng/ml (mean for the BPH group plus 2 SD). With this cut-off value PSA could not be used as an early predictor of prostatic carcinoma. The association of PSA and PAP in prostatic cancer increases the number of patients with positive biological markers.
19
McNicol, Patricia J., and Janice G. Dodd. "Detection of papillomavirus DNA in human prostatic tissue by Southern blot analysis." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 36, no. 5 (May 1, 1990): 359–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m90-062.
Full textAbstract:
Human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid was detected in prostate tissue from patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostatic carcinoma. Radiolabelled genomic probes, specific for the sexually transmitted human papillomavirus types 16 and 18, were used to detect viral genomic sequences in prostate DNA samples analyzed by the Southern blot technique. Viral sequences were identified in DNA from 7 of 16 prostate samples including both hyperplastic and carcinoma tissues and including tissues obtained by transurethral resection or suprapubic prostatectomy. These data indicate that the prostate gland can be infected with human papillomavirus and imply that the prostate may act as a reservoir for the sexual transmission of papillomavirus via seminal fluid. The detection of both episomal and integrated viral DNA sequences in prostate tissue may have important implications for the etiology of prostate disease. Key words: human papillomavirus, prostate, hyperplasia, carcinoma, Southern blot.
20
Tacha, David, Ryan Bremer, Thomas Haas, and Weiman Qi. "An Immunohistochemical Analysis of a Newly Developed, Mouse Monoclonal p40 (BC28) Antibody in Lung, Bladder, Skin, Breast, Prostate, and Head and Neck Cancers." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 138, no. 10 (February 14, 2014): 1358–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2013-0342-oa.
Full textAbstract:
Context.—Immunohistochemistry is important to the pathologist for accurate diagnosis of lung cancer. In recent studies, a rabbit polyclonal p40 (RPp40) antibody demonstrated equivalent staining versus anti-p63 in lung squamous cell carcinoma, and superior specificity because it stains a lesser percentage of lung adenocarcinoma. Objectives.—To develop an anti-p40 mouse monoclonal antibody (MMp40) for immunohistochemistry, and to evaluate its sensitivity and specificity in normal and neoplastic tissues, with emphasis on lung cancer. Design.—The MMp40 (BC28) antibody was developed and tested for specificity and sensitivity on normal (n = 34) and neoplastic tissues (n = 493). Staining of MMp40, p63, and RPp40 were directly compared in lung cancers, and MMp40 was evaluated in breast, bladder, skin, prostate, and head and neck cancers. Benign prostate glands and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia were also tested in a direct comparison of MMp40 versus p63. Results.—The MMp40 provided equivalent staining versus RPp40 and p63 in lung squamous cell carcinoma, but stained a lesser percentage of lung adenocarcinoma than p63 did. The MMp40 staining was observed in a greater percentage of urothelial carcinomas, squamous and basal cell skin cancers, and head and neck cancers of squamous cell origin. No breast-infiltrating ductal carcinomas or prostatic adenocarcinomas were stained. The MMp40 expression in basal cells of prostate glands and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia were almost identical to those of p63. Conclusion.—The MMp40 (BC28) monoclonal antibody is a high-quality screening antibody for determining squamous cell carcinoma in lung cancers, skin cancers of squamous or basal cell origin, squamous cell head and neck cancers, and urothelial carcinomas.
21
Shilo, Konstantin, Tatiana Dracheva, Haresh Mani, Junya Fukuoka, Isabell A. Sesterhenn, Wei-Sing Chu, Joanna H. Shih, Jin Jen, William D. Travis, and Teri J. Franks. "α-Methylacyl CoA Racemase in Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma, and Neuroendocrine Tumors: Expression and Survival Analysis." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 131, no. 10 (October 1, 2007): 1555–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2007-131-1555-mcripa.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Context.—α-Methylacyl CoA racemase (AMACR) is an oxidative enzyme involved in isomeric transformation of fatty acids entering the beta-oxidation pathway. AMACR serves as a useful marker in establishing a diagnosis of prostatic malignancy; however, limited information is available in regard to its presence in pulmonary neoplasms. Objective.—To investigate AMACR expression within a spectrum of lung carcinomas and its correlation with patients' survival. Design.—Four hundred seventy-seven pulmonary carcinomas, including 150 squamous cell carcinomas, 150 adenocarcinomas, 46 typical carcinoids, 31 atypical carcinoids, 28 large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas, and 72 small cell carcinomas, were studied immunohistochemically using tissue microarray–based samples. Results.—Overall, pulmonary tumors were positive for AMACR in a significant percentage (47%) of cases. Among tumor types, 22% of squamous cell carcinoma, 56% of adenocarcinoma, 72% of typical carcinoid, 52% of atypical carcinoid, 70% of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, and 51% of small cell lung carcinoma were positive for AMACR. Furthermore, the Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the patients with AMACR-positive small cell carcinoma had better survival (19% vs 5% after 5 years, P = .04) than patients with AMACR-negative tumors. Such survival advantage was seen for patients with stage I–II (P = .01) but not stage III–IV small cell carcinomas (P = .58). Conclusions.—These results indicate that, similar to prostate cancer, the overexpression of AMACR frequently occurs in pulmonary carcinomas. Additionally, its positive correlation with outcome of stage I–II small cell lung carcinoma warrants further investigation of the AMACR role in the prognosis of this tumor.
22
Faleiro, Mariana Batista Rodrigues, Danilo Rezende e. Silva, Rafael Malagoli Rocha, and Veridiana Maria Brianezi Dignani de Moura. "Immunoexpression of cell cycle regulators in canine prostate with proliferative lesions." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 39, no. 4 (August 2, 2018): 1831. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2018v39n4p1831.
Full textAbstract:
Immunostaining of p21, p27, p53, cyclin D1, c-myc was evaluated in normal canine prostate and prostate with proliferative disorders to verify the interaction between these regulators of cell cycle progression. From 106 samples of canine prostate obtained from a TMA block, 15 were considered normal, 16 diagnosed as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), 30 as proliferative inflammatory atrophy (PIA), 20 as prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), and 25 as prostatic carcinoma (PC). There was positive correlation between p21 and p27 for number of stained cells and staining intensity in all conditions and between c-myc and p53 in prostates with PIN. Considering the number of labeled cells, there was positive correlation between p21 and p53 in the normal prostate. Relative to the intensity of staining, there was positive correlation between p21 and p53 in prostate tissue with PIN and between p27 and c-myc in prostates with PIA. A negative correlation between c-myc and cyclin D1 was also identified in the glands with PIN, considering the number of labeled cells, and between p27 and c-myc in the prostates with PC for staining intensity. In conclusion, the expression of p21, p27, p53, cyclin D1 and c-myc varies according to type of proliferative lesion in canine prostate. Taken together, the results indicate low growth potential of the canine PC in the presence of p21 and p27 overexpression, cyclin D1 low expression and regular expression of c-myc, even with the expression of p53 mutant type. Further, it was possible reaffirm the premalignant potential of PIA and PIN in canine prostate.
23
Andriole, M.D, Gerald L., and William J. Catalona, M.D. "PROSTATE CARCINOMA." Annual Review of Medicine 45, no. 1 (February 1994): 351–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.med.45.1.351.
Full text
24
Lorusso, Vito. "Prostate Carcinoma." Tumori Journal 88, no. 1_suppl1 (January 2002): S125—S127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030089160208800137.
Full text
25
Deftos, Leonard J. "Prostate carcinoma." Cancer 88, S12 (June 15, 2000): 3002–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(20000615)88:12+<3002::aid-cncr16>3.0.co;2-1.
Full text
26
Scher, Howard I. "Prostate carcinoma." Cancer 97, S3 (January 23, 2003): 758–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.11151.
Full text
27
Gole, Gautam N., Sheetal G. Gole, and Dilutpal Sharma. "Efficacy of Prostate Specific Antigen as a Tumor Marker in Differentiating Prostatic Carcinoma from Other Prostatic Lesions." New Indian Journal of Surgery 9, no. 1 (2018): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/nijs.0976.4747.9118.2.
Full text
28
Kara Gedik, Gonca, Guler Yavas, Murat Akand, Esin Celik, and Oktay Sari. "Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Imaging of a Patient with Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Prostate." Case Reports in Medicine 2014 (2014): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/860570.
Full textAbstract:
Primary squamous cell carcinoma is an uncommon tumor of the prostate gland. We report a 77-year-old male patient with urinary frequency and constipation. Fine needle biopsy from prostate was suspicious of squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate. Whole body positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan revealed high fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in prostate gland. Transurethral resection confirmed the diagnosis. In contrast to prostatic adenocarcinoma, high fluorodeoxyglucose accumulation was observed in the primary tumor of the prostate gland.
29
Agarwal, Sonia, Atul Tiwari, and Mohan Lal Yadav. "Evaluation of p63 Immunohistochemical Stain as First Line Marker in Differentiating Urothelial Carcinomas from Adenocarcinomas of Prostate." Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare 8, no. 05 (February 1, 2021): 251–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2021/48.
Full textAbstract:
BACKGROUND Differentiating prostate carcinoma (PCa) arising in the neck of urinary bladder from high grade urothelial cancer (UCa) with prostatic extension can be a difficult task for histopathologist due to similar morphologic characteristics and overlapping clinical manifestations in the two diseases. These two tumours often occur in association with one another but have different potential therapeutic strategies and prognostic implications. We have investigated p63 immunohistochemical (IHC) marker as simple first line marker adjuvant to histopathological examination. METHODS In this prospective study, total 50 cases including 25 cases of urothelial carcinoma and 25 cases of prostatic carcinoma were taken. Tumour grade was determined according to standard H&E staining and scoring system. p63 expressions were determined by immunohistochemical staining of all the cases. The obtained results were analysed and evaluated using chi-square statistical test to determine whether p63 IHC can be used as simple first line marker tool with a high sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS p63 was not expressed in any of the 25 cases of prostatic carcinoma cases while in urothelial carcinoma it was expressed in 23 of 25 (92 %) cases. p63 IHC staining expression is positive in all histological grades of urothelial carcinomas. 2 out of 25 cases of urothelial carcinomas were negative for p63 IHC expression. None of the prostatic adenocarcinomas expressed p63 staining. Sensitivity of p63 stain in differentiating UCa with PCa was 92 % in our study, specificity of p63 stain in differentiating UCa with PCa was found to be 100 %. CONCLUSIONS p63 can be used as a screening first line IHC marker to distinguish urothelial carcinomas from prostatic adenocarcinomas. For challenging and unresolved cases both of these have limited sensitivity; thus, authors recommend two lineagespecific markers one each for UCa (GATA3, S100P) and PCa (NKX3.1, P501S, PSMA) should be used for definitive diagnosis. KEYWORDS p63 Immunohistochemistry, Urothelial Carcinoma, Prostatic Adenocarcinoma
30
Cao, Mei, Panpan Qi, Chong Chen, Liju Song, Xuege Wang, Ningzhe Li, Daoyan Wu, Guoku Hu, and Jian Zhao. "A Vector-Based Short Hairpin RNA Targeting Aurora B Suppresses Human Prostatic Carcinoma Growth." Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment 16, no. 1 (October 17, 2016): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533034616673534.
Full textAbstract:
Aurora kinase B, playing a vital, important role in mitosis, is frequently detected to be overexpressed in many cancer cell lines and various tumor tissues, including prostatic carcinoma. Given the essential function of Aurora kinase B in mitosis and its association with tumorigenesis, it might be a drug target for prostatic carcinoma treatment. In our study, short hairpin RNA targeting Aurora kinase B was cloned into a pGPU6 plasmid vector and then transfected into human prostatic carcinoma cells. The expression level of Aurora kinase B was verified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. At the same time, cell apoptosis was detected by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide, fluorescent staining, and flow cytometric analysis. Furthermore, prostate carcinoma cells were injected into mice to establish a tumor xenograft model. Previous studies have shown the effect of pGPU6-shAURKB plasmid on tumor growth in a prostate carcinoma xenogenic implantation model. From the study, we knew that the Aurora kinase B was significantly downregulated in prostate carcinoma cells, and cell apoptosis was also detected higher in treated groups than that in control groups. Moreover, in the prostate carcinoma xenogenic implantation model, compared with the control groups, the tumor growth was inhibited about 78.7% in the pGPU6-shAURKB plasmid–treated group, and cell apoptosis in the experimental group was notably higher than that in control groups. The average duration of tumor-bearing mice was prolonged to about 35 days. The results of experiment indicated that specific knockdown of Aurora kinase B led to prostate carcinoma cells apoptosis and inhibited tumor growth. Our data clearly confirmed that specific knockdown of Aurora kinase B expression by vector-based short hairpin RNA/liposome may be a potential new approach to treat human prostatic carcinoma.
31
Martins, Antonio Carlos Pereira, Antonio Antunes Rodrigues Jr, Rodolfo Borges Reis, Tiago Borelli Bovo, Haylton Jorge Suaid, Adauto José Cologna, Silvio Tucci Jr, and Edson Luis Paschoalin. "Free PSA and prostate volume on the diagnosis of prostate carcinoma." Acta Cirurgica Brasileira 18, suppl 5 (2003): 22–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-86502003001200008.
Full textAbstract:
OBJECTIVE: To analyse the influence of prostate volume on the performance of total prostate specific antigen (tPSA) and free PSA (fPSA) on the diagnosis of prostate adenocarcinoma. METHODS: A total of 188 patients underwent transrectal ultrasound guided biopsies (10-12 cores) due to prostate nodes detected by digital rectal examination and/or tPSA range of 2.5-10ng/ml. Mean age was 65.7±8.7 years. 19/100 (19%)(GI) patients with prostate volume >40ml had prostate cancer while the corresponding figure for patients with prostate <40ml was 26/88 (29.5%)(GII). We analyzed the sensitivity and specificity of tPSA at cut-off points of 2.5 and 4ng/ml as well as the influence of the ratio f/tPSA in both groups of patients. RESULTS: In the group GI tPSA sensitivity and specificity were 94.4% and 19.5% at the cut-off level of 4ng/ml and 100% and 6% at 2.5ng/ml. The corresponding values for GII were 76.5% and 62.9%, and 100% and 19.3%. In group GI a cut-off of 19% for the ratio f/tPSA kept tPSA sensitivity over 90% while the specificity increased to 46.2% at cut-off level of 4ng/ml and to 32.9% at 2.5ng/ml. In the group GII the ratio f/tPSA was not able to increase the specificity of tPSA at a cut-off level of 4ng/ml without an expressive reduction of sensitivity. On the other side, for this group a cut-off of 16% for the f/tPSA ratio rose the specificity to 46.7% for a sensitivity over 90%. CONCLUSION: We recommend stratification of patients according to prostate volume to define tPSA cut-off point. The cut-off level of 2.5ng/ml for tPSA combined with f/tPSA ratio of 19% in prostates >40ml and 16% in prostates <40ml was a better option for prostate biopsy indication than tPSA at a cut-off of 4ng/ml associated or not with f/tPSA ratio.
32
Bal, Amanjit, Shrawan K. Singh, Madhusudhanan Gnanasekharan, and Raguram Ganesamoni. "Metastatic Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of Prostate: Is Androgen Deprivation Therapy Beneficial?" Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, Education and Research 48, no. 1 (2014): 43–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1100.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Adenoid cystic carcinoma of prostate is a rare malignancy arising from basal cells of prostatic acini. The management of metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma of prostate is not well defined because of its rarity. We report a 68-year-old male presented with acute urinary retention and pain in left hip region. Digital rectal examination revealed a hard nodular prostate with extension to the lateral pelvic walls. His serum PSA was 0.15 ng/ml. Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guided prostate biopsy revealed adenoid cystic carcinoma. Bone scan showed metastasis in left acetabulum. He underwent channel transurethral resection of prostate and bilateral orchiectomy. He received palliative radiotherapy for left acetabular metastasis to control his pain. At 3 years of follow-up, the patient is doing well with no new metastasis. Hormone therapy is a viable option in patients with metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma of prostate. How to cite this article Singh SK, Gnanasekharan M, Kumar S, Ganesamoni R, Bal A. Metastatic Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of Prostate: Is Androgen Deprivation Therapy Beneficial. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2014;48(1):43-45.
33
Rasool, Mumtaz, Shafiq Ahmad Iqbal, Mudassar Saeed Pansota, Shafqat Ali Tabassum, and Iftikhar Ahmad. "PROSTATIC CARCINOMA." Professional Medical Journal 22, no. 06 (June 10, 2015): 710–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2015.22.06.1236.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: During the past many years the availability of serum PSAas a screening marker, has encouraged its use to diagnose both prostatic cancer and itsrecurrence. Patients with high S/PSA are at increased risk of advanced carcinoma prostate andscreening at an earlier stage would help to manage it accordingly. The aim of this study wasto determine association between serum prostatic specific antigen (PSA) levels and Gleasongrade in prostatic carcinoma patients. Study Design: Descriptive, case series study. Setting:Department of Urology & Renal Transplantation in collaboration with Institutional laboratoryof Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur. Period: June 2012 to June 2014. Materials &Methods: Total 160 patients of age 50-80 years with biopsy proven prostatic carcinoma wereincluded. Patients with h/o radiotherapy for prostatic carcinoma and anti-androgen therapywere excluded. Histological slides of each patient were reviewed by using the Gleason gradingsystem. Gleason grade of each patient was correlated with his serum prostatic specific antigen(PSA) report which was done before surgery or biopsy. Results: In our study, mean age was66.89 ± 9.28 years. Mean serum PSA was 21.41 ± 13.67 ng/ml. Intermediate grade cancerwas found in 38.75% patients followed by moderate to poorly differentiated cancer in 31.86%patients. Gleason score ≥7 was significantly higher in patients with serum PSA >20 ng/mL thanthose with serum PSA ≤ 20 ng/mL (p-value of 0.000). So, serum PSA was positively correlatedwith gleason grade (OR = 3.67, Cl = 95%, P = 0.0001) Conclusion: This study concludedthat there is statistically significant association between serum prostatic specific antigen (PSA)levels and Gleason grade in prostatic carcinoma patients and patients with high prostatespecific antigen are at increased risk of advanced carcinoma prostate.
34
Xiao, Guang-Qian, David E. Burstein, Lorraine K. Miller, and Pamela D. Unger. "Nephrogenic Adenoma: Immunohistochemical Evaluation for Its Etiology and Differentiation From Prostatic Adenocarcinoma." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 130, no. 6 (June 1, 2006): 805–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2006-130-805-naiefi.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Context.—Nephrogenic adenoma is a rare benign lesion of the urinary tract. Owing to its strong association with a history of urinary tract irritation, nephrogenic adenoma was initially thought to originate from urothelial metaplasia; however, no solid proof of this association has been found. More recent investigation has pointed to a renal tubular cause. In addition to its uncertain origin, there can be diagnostic difficulty in distinguishing nephrogenic adenoma from prostatic carcinoma, particularly when dealing with lesions from the prostatic urethra. Objective.—To elucidate a possible histogenic relationship between nephrogenic adenoma and renal tubules, and also to evaluate the role of immunohistochemistry in the diagnostic distinction between nephrogenic adenoma and prostate carcinoma. Design.—Immunohistochemical studies were performed for P504S, prostate-specific antigen, CD10, p63, and epithelial membrane antigen on 9 cases of nephrogenic adenoma, 10 cases of normal renal parenchyma, and 10 cases of prostatic tissue, both benign and malignant. Results.—Nephrogenic adenoma shares the same immunohistochemical profile as distal renal tubules: both are positive for P504S and epithelial membrane antigen and negative for p63, CD10, and prostate-specific antigen. Prostatic adenocarcinoma tissue was positive for P504S and prostate-specific antigen, and normal prostatic gland tissue was positive for prostate-specific antigen and negative for P504S; p63-stained basal cells in normal prostatic gland tissue but did not react with prostatic adenocarcinoma tissue. The CD10 inconsistently stained normal and neoplastic prostatic gland tissue. Epithelial membrane antigen stain was negative in prostatic carcinoma, with rare occasional reactivity in normal prostatic glands. Conclusion.—These findings provide supporting evidence that nephrogenic adenoma is derived from distal renal tubules. Our results also demonstrated that the combination of P504S and prostate-specific antigen with epithelial membrane antigen is a valuable tool in distinguishing prostatic carcinoma from nephrogenic adenoma.
35
Bongiovanni, Laura, Francesca Caposano, Mariarita Romanucci, Valeria Grieco, Daniela Malatesta, Chiara Brachelente, Marcella Massimini, Cinzia Benazzi, Rachel E. Thomas, and Leonardo Della Salda. "Survivin and Sox9: Potential Stem Cell Markers in Canine Normal, Hyperplastic, and Neoplastic Canine Prostate." Veterinary Pathology 56, no. 2 (August 21, 2018): 200–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300985818794161.
Full textAbstract:
Canine prostatic carcinoma is a relevant model for human prostatic carcinoma. Survivin is proposed as a biomarker of malignancy in human prostatic cancer. Sox9 is a stem cell marker required for prostate development and expressed in several adult tissues. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the patterns and expression levels of 2 putative stem cell markers, survivin and Sox9, in canine benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostatic carcinoma to investigate their potential as stem cell markers. Immunohistochemistry with specific antibodies was performed on 3 samples of normal prostate gland, 18 samples of canine BPH, and 16 samples of prostatic carcinoma. The basal cell layer of normal and hyperplastic prostatic lobules had nuclear Sox9 immunolabeling and nuclear and rarely cytoplasmic survivin immunostaining, identifying them as potential stem cell markers. Significantly more frequent survivin and Sox9 expression (≥10% of nuclei) was observed in prostatic carcinoma as compared with BPH. The potential coexpression of survivin with Sox9, androgen receptor, and p63 was also investigated in selected BPH and prostatic carcinoma cases with immunofluorescence, and a partial colocalization was observed. Results indicate that Sox9 and survivin could be considered markers of stemness in canine prostate cells. Given its role in proliferation, cells in the basal cell layer with nuclear survivin expression are likely to be transit-amplifying cells that maintain some stem cell proprieties.
36
Samad, Afra, Nudrat Fayyaz, Ayesha Siddiqa, Naseem Akhter, Rabia Saeed, Maryam Rafiq, Aqsa Ashraf Bukhari, and Ayesha Afzal. "Association of Serum PSA Levels with Histopathological Pattern of Prostate Lesions." Journal of Islamabad Medical & Dental College 8, no. 2 (June 27, 2019): 92–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.35787/jimdc.v8i2.362.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Pathological changes that mainly affect prostate gland are prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and cancerous lesions. Digital rectal examination (DRE), Transrectal Ultrasonography (TUS), and prostate specific antigen (PSA) followed by histopathological examination, are routinely used tests for diagnosis of prostate lesions. The aim of the present study is to determine the role of serum PSA levels in differentially diagnosing the different types of prostate lesions.Material and Methods: This retrospective (observational) study was conducted in Ibn-e-Sina Hospital Multan. Data of 2189 patients who were operated from 2007 to 2017 due to prostatic lesions were included in this analysis. Patients with BPH, prostatitis, prostate carcinoma and Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (PIN) were grouped according to serum PSA levels (ranging from 0 to >100 ng/ml) into five groups. Frequencies and percentages were calculated for different histopathological findings. Association of PSA levels with different histological patterns was determined with chi-square test with P-value < 0.05 taken as significant difference.Results: Mean age of patients was 62.45+10.64 years. On histopathology, BPH was diagnosed in 1676 (76.56%) patients, prostatitis in 133 (6.07%), carcinoma in 378 (17.26%) and PIN in 02 (0.09%) patients, respectively. Serum PSA levels of 4.01-10 ng/ml were found in 1050 (62.64%) BPH patients and in 59 (44.36%) prostatitis patients. Serum PSA levels of 10.01-20 ng/ml were found in only 40 (2.4%) BPH patients, 47 (35.33%) prostatitis patients, 22 (5.82%) carcinoma patients and in 1 (50.0%) PIN patient. Serum PSA levels of 20.01-100 ng/ml were found in 32 (1.9%) BPH patients, 11 (8.27%) prostatitis patients, 302 (79.89%) carcinoma patients, and in 1 (50.0%) PIN patient. Serum PSA levels of >100 ng/ml were absent in patients with BPH and PIN, and present in 1 (0.75%) prostatitis and 54 (14.28%) carcinoma patients.Conclusion: Benign prostatic hyperplasia was the commonest lesion in our patients (76.56%) with serum PSA levels >10 ng/ml reported in all patients with prostate carcinoma and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) patients.
37
Pudasaini, Sujata, Neeraj Subedi, and Nagesh Mani Shrestha. "Evaluation of Prostate specific antigen levels and its correlation with histopathological findings." Journal of Pathology of Nepal 9, no. 1 (March 29, 2019): 1485–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v9i1.23376.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Prostate specific antigen is a tumor marker though is expressed by both normal and neoplastic prostate tissue. The absolute value of Prostate specific antigen is useful for determining the extent of prostate cancer and its treatment. Prostate specific antigen also increases in cases like Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and prostatitis. The availability of Prostate specific antigen as a marker has encouraged its use to diagnose both cancer and cancer recurrences.
Materials and methods: This is a cross sectional study conducted in a tertiary hospital over a period of two years. Cases of prostatic disease undergoing surgery during the study period were taken. Prostate specific antigen level of all these cases were correlated with clinical and histopathological findings.
Results: A total of 51 cases of prostatic disease underwent surgery during the study period with the mean age of 66.57 ± 10.68 years. On histopathological examination, 70.6% had benign prostatic hyperplasia and 17.6% had prostatic adenocarcinoma. Prostate specific antigen level was <4 ng/ml in 45.1% cases and >20.1ng/ml in 15.7%. In case of carcinoma prostate, 88.9% had prostate specific antigen level > 20.1ng/ml and 11.1% had prostate specific antigen level in a range of 10.1- 20 ng/ml. In case of chronic prostatitis, 66.7% had prostate specific antigen level in a range of 4.1-10 ng/ml. However, in case of high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN), 66.7% had PSA level <4 ng/ml.
Conclusions: Strong correlation of prostate specific antigen levels of > 20.1 ng/ml with carcinoma prostate was seen.
38
Cohen, Ronald J., Thomas M. Wheeler, Helmut Bonkhoff, and Mark A. Rubin. "A Proposal on the Identification, Histologic Reporting, and Implications of Intraductal Prostatic Carcinoma." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 131, no. 7 (July 1, 2007): 1103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2007-131-1103-apotih.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractContext.—Prostatic adenocarcinoma growing within acinar-ductal spaces (intraductal carcinoma) in contrast to high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HG-PIN) impacts negatively on patient outcome. There is currently no generally accepted definition of this lesion nor is it classified in the current prostate cancer grading system (Gleason).Objective.—To define intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) with major and minor diagnostic criteria that clearly separate it from HG-PIN. The implications of such a lesion are discussed with proposals to incorporate this entity into the Gleason grading system.Data Sources.—We reviewed all published data referring to intraductal spread of prostate carcinoma. Articles discussing endometrial, endometrioid, and ductal carcinoma are included.Conclusions.—Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate as defined by major criteria that include enlarged gland structures, neoplastic cells spanning the gland lumen, central comedonecrosis, and further supported by minor diagnostic criteria including molecular biological markers, separate this entity from HG-PIN. Despite its perimeter basal cells, IDC-P should be interpreted as biologically equivalent to Gleason pattern 4 or 5 adenocarcinoma. Several hypotheses are proposed as to the evolution of IDC-P, which is almost always a late event in prostate carcinoma progression. Diagnosis of IDC-P on needle biopsy should prompt therapeutic intervention rather than surveillance or repeat biopsy, as is the case for HG-PIN.
39
Parada, David, Karla B. Peña, and Francesc Riu. "Sarcomatoid Carcinoma of the Prostate: Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Stromal Sarcoma-Like Appearance: A Rare Association." Case Reports in Urology 2011 (2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/702494.
Full textAbstract:
Sarcomatoid carcinoma (SC) of prostate gland is a rare biphasic tumour. In about half of cases, initial diagnosis is acinar adenocarcinoma, followed by nonsurgical therapy, with a subsequent diagnosis of SC. The survival rate is lower. We report a case of an 59-years-old man with unusual histopathologic finding of prostate sarcomatoid carcinoma, showing characteristics of ductal prostatic adenocarcinoma and prostatic stromal sarcoma-like appearance. Ductal adenocarcinoma was characterized by tall columnar cells with abundant amphophilic to eosinophil cytoplasm. Pleomorphic sarcoma was characterized to have overall glandular growth pattern, simulating a malignant phyllodes tumour. Estrogen and progesterone receptors showed nuclear immunostaining in mesenchymal multinucleated giant cells. In conclusion, SC of the prostate is an exceedingly rare tumour. Retrospective analyses render prostate SC as one of the most aggressive prostate malignancies. The prognosis is dismal regardless of other histologic or clinical findings.
40
Begnami, Maria Dirlei, Martha Quezado, Peter Pinto, W. Marston Linehan, and Maria Merino. "Adenoid Cystic/Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Prostate: Review and Update." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 131, no. 4 (April 1, 2007): 637–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2007-131-637-abccot.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Context.—Although most prostate carcinomas are of the conventional acinar type, unusual variants have been reported. Adenoid cystic/basal cell carcinoma of the prostate is a rare tumor with distinctive histopathologic features. There are only a few publications in the literature concerning the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of this neoplasm. Objective.—To review current literature together with the clinical, pathologic, and immunohistochemical features of adenoid cystic/basal cell carcinoma of the prostate and offer a practical approach to the diagnosis—including the differential diagnosis—of this neoplasm in surgical pathologic specimens. Data Sources.—Adenoid cystic/basal cell carcinoma of the prostate is composed of infiltrating basaloid cells forming dilated acinar and cribriform spaces with luminal basementlike material. Differentiation of adenoid cystic/basal cell carcinoma from basal cell hyperplasia and cribriform pattern of acinar adenocarcinoma may be difficult. The use of cytokeratin 34βE12 and prostate-specific antigen can help in difficult cases. Most cases are indolent, but metastasis has been documented in a few cases. Conclusions.—Various histologic and immunohistochemical features are helpful in recognizing adenoid cystic/basal cell carcinoma of the prostate. This is a rare subtype of prostate cancer and correct diagnosis is important because of the unique clinical and biological features and the implications for treatment and prognosis.
41
Gligorijevic, Jasmina, Ljubinka Velickovic, Snezana Jancic, Zoran Radovanovic, Miljan Krstic, and Vuka Katic. "Focal neuroendocrine differentiation in prostatic gland carcinoma with basaloid pattern." Vojnosanitetski pregled 68, no. 6 (2011): 515–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp1106515g.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction. Prostatic gland basal cell proliferations exhibit morphological continuum ranging from basal cell hyperplasia to basal cell carcinoma. In the following report, we described clinical features, morphological spectrum, neuroendocrine differentiation and histogenesis of prostatic gland basal cell carcinoma in our patient. Case report. Hematoxylineosin (HE), Alcian blu-periodic acid schiff (ABPAS) at pH 2.5 stained sections and the avidin-biotinperoxidase complex (ABC), were performed on prostate gland paraffin-embedded tissue. Monoclonal antibodies directed against cytokeratin (34?E12) which selectively stains basal cells, prostate specific antigen (PSA), chromogranine A, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), synaptophysin and CD56, were used. Basal cell proliferations exhibited a morphological continuum ranging from basal cell hyperplasia to prostatic gland carcinoma. In these prostatic lesions, positive reactivity was demonstrated for 34?E12 and CD56. These findings indicate that the basaloid cells of basal cell hyperplasia, florid basal cell hyperplasia, atypical basal cell hyperplasia and basal cell carcinoma are derived from basal cells of the normal prostate gland suggesting a continuum in the progression of hyperplasia to benign and then malignant neoplasia. The presence of CD56 protein in the discovered lesions may be related to their neuroendocrine differentiation. Conclusion. The fact, that our patient was well six years after the radical prostatectomy supports the belief of some authors that basal cell carcinoma represents a low grade carcinoma with an excellent prognosis.
42
Açıkgöz, Onur, Eymen Gazel, Neslihan İnci Zengin, Yusuf Kasap, Ahmet Çamtosun, and Ahmet Hamdi Yazıcıoğlu. "Sarcomatoid Carcinoma of the Prostate." Case Reports in Urology 2013 (2013): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/631809.
Full textAbstract:
Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the prostate is among the rarest malignant neoplasm types and has been well known for its aggressive clinical course. Patient was admitted with the symptoms of lower urinary tract. Transurethral resection of prostate (TUR-P) was carried out. Revealing Gleason 5 + 3 = 8 prostate adenocarcinoma in TUR-P material. Thereby, a Radical Prostatectomy procedure was planned. In operation, frozen examination revealed adenocarcinoma metastasis to the obturator lymph node. The operation was terminated. In the postoperative 3rd month, the patient was re-admitted with acute urinary system symptoms. A cystoscopy performed and complete resection of the mass was performed. The pathological examination reported that the tumor was compatible with undifferentiated adenocarcinoma owing to presence of poorly differentiated tumoral cells and detection of adenocarcinoma in a relatively small (1%) focus. 4 month after the operation, the patient underwent another cyctoscopic examination which revealed the prostatic lounge and most of the bladder lumen to be filled with tumoral tissue. The tumoral tissues was resected incompletely. This material was diagnosed to be “Sarcomatoid Malignant Tumor” upon the new evidences of progressive dedifferentiation and predominant sarcomatoid appearance, compared with the former TUR-P materials. Subsequent PET-CT scan depicted multiple metastasis. The patient was referred to oncology department. In conclusion, sarcomatoid carcinoma is a malignant variant that brings along diagnostic and treatment difficulties.
43
Paul, Sonal, Anitha Padmanabhan, and Nitin M. Gadgil. "Incidental Prostate Carcinoma Diagnosed at Radical Cystoprostatectomy for Bladder Carcinoma A Case Report." Annals of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 7, no. 2 (March 7, 2020): C31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/apalm.2687.
Full text
44
Fernandes, Raquel Civolani Marques, Marcus de Medeiros Matsushita, Thais Mauad, and Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva. "Prostate carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation: case report and literature review." Revista do Hospital das Clínicas 56, no. 5 (October 2001): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0041-87812001000500005.
Full textAbstract:
Neuroendocrine differentiation in prostatic carcinomas generally confers a more aggressive clinical behavior and less favorable prognosis than usual prostatic carcinomas. In this manuscript, we report a case of a 58-year-old man with prostatic carcinoma who died 1 year after initial diagnosis. Autopsy showed a disseminated prostatic carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation. There were metastasis to the spleen, an organ infrequently involved by disseminated epithelial neoplasms. Neuroendocrine differentiation was demonstrated by immunohistochemical studies in the biopsy and autopsy material.
45
Baydar, Dilek Ertoy, Kemal Kosemehmetoglu, Bulent Akdogan, and Haluk Ozen. "Prostatic Adenosquamous Carcinoma Metastasizing to Testis." Scientific World JOURNAL 6 (2006): 2491–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2006.388.
Full textAbstract:
Adenosquamous carcinoma of the prostate is an unusual tumor with poor prognosis. Most arise after hormonal or radiotherapy of conventional prostatic adenocarcinoma. Sarcomatous transformation in them has been reported in only a few cases. Here, we present a unique case of “de novo prostatic adenosquamous carcinoma with focal sarcomatoid areas” that showed testicular metastasis, detected after scrotal orchiectomy.
46
Ferdousi, S., MA Alim, Z. Ferdous, A. Khatun, N. Sultana, A. Shahnaz, and MS Hossain. "Role of Serum Total PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen) and Free to Total PSA Ratio in the Diagnosis of Carcinoma Prostate." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Biochemistry 4, no. 1 (February 13, 2013): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmb.v4i1.13778.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of the study was to evaluate and compare the role of total and free/total ratio of serum prostate specific antigen level in diagnosing carcinoma prostate. A cross sectional study was conducted at the Department of Biochemistry, Dhaka Medical College (DMC) with collaboration of the Department of Urology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), Dhaka from July 2008 to June 2009. This study was carried out on 60 patients above 50 years of age who attended the Department of Urology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, complaining of irritative or obstructive lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) suspected as clinically benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or cancer prostate. It was aimed to assess the role of total and free/total ratio of serum PSA in diagnosis of BPH and carcinoma prostate with reference to histological diagnosis. All the cases were evaluated by history, physical examination including digital rectal examination, serum prostate specific antigen level, transabdominal/ trans-rectal ultra- sonogram. From all patients, blood sample were collected before digital rectal examination or any per urethral manipulation. Final diagnosis was obtained by histo-pathological examination, specimen being obtained by perrectal biopsy with biopsy-gun. Histopathological examination detected prostate cancer in 20 out of 60 patient and 17 of these Cap 20 have a total PSA ? 4 ng/ml and only 3 have total PSA ? 4 ng/ml. 18 of these 20 have free to total ratio ?0.16 and 02 have f/t ratio ?0.16. Among 60 patients, 40 patients were detected BPH on histopathological diagnosis. 20 of these BPH patient have tPSA ? 4 ng/ml and 20 of BPH have tPSA ? 4 ng/ml. 38 of 40 BPH patient have f/t ratio >0.16 and 2 of 40 patient are f/t ratio ?0.16. Receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated a threshold f/t ratio ? 0.16 was optimum discriminatory level. The sensitivity of total serum PSA (at cut off value of >4 ng/ml) in correctly differentiating prostatic carcinoma of those who have the condition is 85%, while the specificity of the test in correctly detecting those who do not have the disease is 50%. The PPV is 45.9%, NPV is 87% and accuracy is 61.7%. The sensitivity of free/total serum PSA (at cut off value of 0.16 ng/ml) in correctly differentiating prostatic carcinoma from BPH is 90%, while the specificity of the test in correctly detecting those who do not have prostatic carcinoma is 95%. The PPV of the test is 90% and the NPV of the test is 95%. The overall accuracy of the test is 93.3%. This study showed significant difference of total and free/total ratio of serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) in differentiating benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) from carcinoma prostate. Receiver operating characteristic curves showed advantage for the f/t PSA ratio when compared with total PSA in detecting prostate cancer. From the study it may be concluded that total and f/t ratio of prostate specific antigen (PSA) is a useful marker in diagnosis of carcinoma prostate. Free/total ratio is more accurate than total PSA. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmb.v4i1.13778 Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2011; 4(1): 21-26
47
Paner, Gladell P., Daniel J. Luthringer, and Mahul B. Amin. "Best Practice in Diagnostic Immunohistochemistry: Prostate Carcinoma and Its Mimics in Needle Core Biopsies." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 132, no. 9 (September 1, 2008): 1388–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2008-132-1388-bpidip.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractContext.—The unrelenting challenge encountered when differentiating limited-volume prostate carcinoma and sometimes subtle variants from its many morphologic mimics has increased the use of ancillary immunohistochemistry in routine prostate needle biopsies. The availability of prostate cancer–associated and basal cell–associated markers has been an invaluable addition to diagnostic surgical pathology.Objective.—To review commonly used immunohistochemical stains, including innovative combinations, for confirmation or differential diagnosis of prostate carcinoma, and to propose appropriately constructed panels using morphologic patterns in prostate needle biopsies.Data Sources.—These best practices are based on our experience with routine and consultative case sign-outs and on a review of the published English-language literature from 1987 through 2008.Conclusions.—Basal cell–associated markers p63, high-molecular-weight cytokeratin 34βE12, cytokeratin 5/6 or a cocktail containing p63 and high-molecular-weight cytokeratin 34βE12 or cytokeratin 5/6 and prostate carcinoma–specific marker α-methylacyl coenzyme A (coA) racemase alone or in combination are useful adjuncts in confirming prostatic carcinoma that either lacks diagnostic, qualitative or quantitative features or that has an unusual morphologic pattern (eg, atrophic, pseudohyperplastic) or is in the setting of prior treatment. The combination of α-methylacyl coA racemase positivity with negative staining for basal cell–associated markers supports a malignant diagnosis in the appropriate morphologic context. Dual chromogen basal cell– associated markers (p63 [nuclear] and high-molecular-weight cytokeratin 34βE12/cytokeratin 5/6 [cytoplasmic]) and α-methylacyl coA racemase in an antibody cocktail provide greater sensitivity for the basal cell layer, easing evaluation and minimizing loss of representation of the focal area interest because the staining is performed on one slide. In the posttreatment setting, pancytokeratin facilitates detection of subtle-treated cancer cells. Prostate-specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase markers are helpful in excluding secondary malignancies involving the prostate, such as urothelial carcinoma, and occasionally in excluding nonprostatic benign mimickers, such as nephrogenic adenoma, mesonephric gland hyperplasia, and Cowper glands. There is no role for ordering immunohistochemistry prospectively in all cases of prostatic needle biopsies.
48
Kwon, Whi-An, Tae Hoon Oh, Sung Hoon Ahn, Jea Whan Lee, and Seung Chol Park. "Primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the prostate." Canadian Urological Association Journal 7, no. 11-12 (November 8, 2013): 768. http://dx.doi.org/10.5489/cuaj.630.
Full textAbstract:
A 61-year-old Korean man was referred to our institution because of high prostate-specific antigen (PSA) (8.1ng/mL) and frequency, nocturia that had lasted for the previous 4 months. The first transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)-guided prostate biopsy result was benign prostatic hyperplasia. About 3 years later, the patients revisited our institute for elevated PSA (14.7 ng/mL) and back pain. The patient underwent a second TRUS-guided prostate biopsy. Histological examination and immunohistochemical staining showed a signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC). Also there were multiple bony metastasis. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) was started. Nine months later, the patient was diagnosed with hormone refractory prostate cancer and the ADT was changed into docetaxel chemotherapy. The patient died after 2 cycles of chemotherapy. We report this case of a SRCC of the prostate and review the literature.
49
Millis, Sherri Z., Philip J. Stephens, Jeffrey S. Ross, Vincent A. Miller, Siraj Mahamed Ali, and Jue Wang. "Comprehensive genomic sequencing of prostate sarcomatoid carcinoma tumors identifies differences in genomic alterations compared to prostate adenocarcinoma tumors." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 6_suppl (February 20, 2017): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.6_suppl.226.
Full textAbstract:
226 Background: Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the prostate is a rare variant of prostatic cancer and has a significantly worse prognosis. The genomic features underpinning this rare subtype of malignancy are not well understood, and at present, there are no effective therapies. Methods: Tissue from 1417 prostate cancer patients was assayed by hybrid-capture based comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) in the course of clinical care to evaluate genomic alterations (GA: base substitutions, indels, amplifications, copy number alterations, fusions/rearrangements) and targeted therapy opportunities. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) was calculated from a minimum of 1.11 Mb sequenced DNA and reported as mutations/Mb. Results: Profiling identified different patterns in GAs between prostate adenocarcinoma (1409) and prostate sarcomatoid carcinoma (8) (table), most notably in the commonly identified alterations in prostate cancers: TP53, RB1, and TMPRSS2-ERG. Additionally, the PI3K/mTOR pathway was altered in 50% of the sarcomatoid carcinoma cohort. None of the sarcomatoid carcinoma patients had a high TMB, while 4% of the prostate adenocarcinomas had TMB greater than 19 mutations/Mb. The sarcomatoid carcinoma cohort also had on average 8 GAs, while the prostate adenocarcinoma cohort had an average of 13 GAs. Conclusions: Genomic profiles of tumors from patients with prostate cancers reveal that those with sarcomatoid carcinoma features are more likely to have genomic alterations in TP53, RB1, and TMPRSS2 but fewer overall GA’s. Based on rearrangements and the sarcoma profile, utilization of a broad CGP panel that includes analysis of a larger panel of rearrangements identifies more commonly rearranged genes that would not be identified in non-comprehensive panels that do not evaluate these rearrangements. These findings may contribute to a better understanding of the oncogenesis of sarcomatoid prostate carcinoma and for defining novel systemic treatment options. [Table: see text]
50
Gupta, Amit, Bhavesh Chaddha, Puneet Prakash, Priya Pathak, and Neelam Wadhwa. "Sarcomatoid Carcinoma: A Rare and unusual histological variant of prostatic carcinoma." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 6, no. 5 (March 25, 2015): 69–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i5.12336.
Full textAbstract:
Carcinosarcoma of Prostate also known as Sarcomatoid carcinoma is a rare biphasic malignancy with a malignant epithelial component (carcinomatous) and a malignant mesenchymal component. We report a case of this rare and unusual histological variant of prostatic carcinoma. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i5.12336 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(5) 2015 69-70