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Bardhan, Neelkanth Manoj. "Two-dimensional exploration of two-dimensional carbon : imaging and sensing applications." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/103848.
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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 2016.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
With the emerging need for advanced sensing and imaging capabilities in personalized healthcare, there has been motivation to develop new classes of nanomaterials; with performance vastly superior to existing technologies. In this work, we explore the one- and two-dimensional forms of carbon nanomaterials, namely, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), and graphene derivatives (graphene oxide, or GO), for their remarkable potential in biomedical imaging and sensing. This thesis presents three functional applications, along with the necessary processing at the interface of nanotechnology and biomaterials required to achieve the desired set of properties enabling these applications. First, we attempt to address the rise in antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections by developing a nano-probe for targeted sensing, with potential for early, non-invasive diagnosis of infectious diseases through optical imaging. Using genetically engineered M13 bacteriophage, we synthesize biologically-functionalized, aqueous-dispersed SWNTs, for actively-targeted, modularly-tunable, high-contrast, highly-specific detection of deep-tissue pathogenic infections, at an order-of-magnitude lower dosage compared to other probes reported in literature. Second, we investigate the role of guided surgery in enhancing the survival lifespan of patients with gynecological cancers. We deploy a combination of targeted SWNT probes, along with a custom-designed real-time intraoperative imaging system, which offers sub-millimeter resolution at a sensitivity over 93%. Using image-guided surgery in a mouse model of ovarian cancer, compared to the control group receiving non-guided surgery we report improvement in the median survival by 40%, with large societal benefit expected upon clinical translation. Third, we develop a scalable, one-step mild thermal annealing treatment for enhancing the properties of graphene derivatives, with no chemical treatments involved, while preserving the rich oxygen framework in GO unlike current protocols used in literature. This treatment provides a handle to control the spatial distribution of oxygen functional groups on the graphene basal plane. Using nano-bodies decorated on our treated GO substrate, we report 38% increase in the efficiency of cell capture from whole blood, compared to conventional sensors using as-synthesized GO. Finally, we discuss challenges in moving the field forward, and provide a brief glimpse into the next-generation imaging technologies currently under development, which are generally applicable to a much broader class of materials.
by Neelkanth Manoj Bardhan.
Ph. D.
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Nakamura, Toshio, Daisuke Nakajima, Yuich Miyabara, Hayato Higo, Fumikazu Ikemori, 俊夫 中村, 大介 中島, 裕一 宮原, 隼人 肥後, and 文数 池盛. "名古屋、福岡、諏訪、上高地におけるTSP中の炭素同位体14C." 名古屋大学年代測定資料研究センター, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/20176.
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Salter, Shannon Kay Dagley John C. "Comparing outcomes of two instructional approaches to a career development course." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SUMMER/Counselor_Education/Dissertation/Salter_Shannon_5.pdf.
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Thorgeirsson, Halldor. "The Modeling and Measurement of Respiratory Carbon Use and Net Carbon Gain of Two Agropyron." DigitalCommons@USU, 1988. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6456.
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The rate of photosynthetic carbon fixation and of root and shoot xiv respiratory carbon use was measured in the laboratory and in the field (shoots only) for Agropyron desertorum (Fisch. ex Link) Schult. and Agropyron spicatum (Pursh) Scribn. and Smith. The rate of respiratory carbon use of the root system declined within hours of the shading or defoliation of the shoot system, resulting in as much as 60% reduction in specific rate of root respiration. The mean whole-plant growth efficiency (the ratio of whole-plant net carbon gain to gross photosynthetic carbon fixation) in full irradiance in the laboratory was 0.53 and was reduced both by shading and defoliation. The mean conversion efficiency was o. 70 and o. 73, and the mean maintenance coefficient 20°c was 10.8 and 9.9 mmol C mol C-1 d-1 for A. desertorum and A. spicatum, respectively. These maintenance coefficients are lower than previously reported for fast growing crop plants.
The rate of respiratory carbon use and the dynamics of labile carbon compounds were simulated both for intact plants and for plants regrowing following defoliation. The partitioning of assimilates between root and shoot was explicitly modeled to make the separate simulation of root and shoot respiration possible . The simulated daily net mobilization of labile carbon compounds exceeded carbon input from photosynthesis for only the first one-to-two days of regrowth, depending on the severity of the defoliation.
The instantaneous rate of respiratory carbon use of the shoot system in the field during short-term light exclusion during the day was higher than the rate at the same temperature during the subsequent night. The Qio of shoot respiration was estimated to be 2.1-2.2. The mean growth efficiency in the field for the shoots only was 0.65 for sunny days. This efficiency was higher than the whole-plant growth efficiency in the laboratory because root respiration was not measured in the field .
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Muchharla, Baleeswaraiah. "Low Temperature Electrical Transport in 2D Layers of Graphene, Graphitic Carbon Nitride, Graphene Oxide and Boron-Nitrogen-Carbon." OpenSIUC, 2015. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1132.
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In this work, we have investigated temperature dependent electrical transport properties of carbon based two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials. Various techniques were employed to synthesize the samples. For instance, high quality large area graphene and boron, nitrogen doped graphene (BNC) were grown using thermal catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. Liquid phase exfoliation technique was utilized to exfoliate graphene and graphitic carbon nitride samples in isopropyl alcohol. Chemical reduction technique was used to reduce graphene oxide (rGO) by utilizing ascorbic acid (a green chemical) as a reducing agent. Detailed structural and morphology characterization of these samples was performed using state of the art microscopy as well as spectroscopic techniques (for example; Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), UV-Visible spectroscopy as well as Raman Spectroscopy). The low temperature (5 K< T <400 K) electrical transport properties of these materials show substantial difference from sample to sample studied. For instance, CVD grown graphene film has displayed metallic behavior over a wide range of temperature (5 K < T <300 K). At higher temperatures, resistivity followed linearly with the temperature (ρ(T) ~T). A power law dependence (ρ(T) ~ T4) observed at lower temperatures. Where as liquid phase exfoliated graphene and graphitic carbon nitride samples displayed nonmetallic nature: increasing resistance with decrease in temperature over a wide range (8 K < T < 270 K) of temperature. Electrical transport behavior in these samples was governed by two different Arrhenius behaviors in the studied temperature range. In the case of rGO and BNC layers, electrical conduction show two different transport mechanisms in two different temperature regimes. At higher temperatures, Arrhenius-like temperature dependence of resistance was observed indicating a band gap dominating transport behavior. At lower temperatures, Mott's two dimensional-Variable Range Hopping (2D-VRH) behavior was observed.
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Alicea, Marian Georgette. "Comparison of Potential Bioavailable Organic Carbon and Microbial Characterization of Two Carbon Amended Sites." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/84895.
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Enhanced Reductive Bioremediation (ERB) is a sustainable remediation technology for the in situ treatment of chlorinated solvent contamination in aquifers. However, monitoring efforts employed to measure performance metrics rely on inferences of the subsurface environment from water samples collected at monitoring wells, ignoring the microbial activity that occurs at the granular level of aquifer sediment. This study compared potential bioavailable organic carbon (PBOC) and microbial diversity of two ERB sites. A two-sample t-test and a one-way ANOVA test with Tukey's HSD were performed to show differences between ERB and non-ERB samples and their degree of variability at selected geospatial locations downgradient of ERB treatment. Non-parametric multidimensional scaling (MDS) with similarity analysis was performed along with other data visualization plots to show microbial diversity. At Tinker AFB, results from the t-test showed that the PBOC concentrations from the ERB samples were statistically significantly greater than the samples without treatment (95% confidence; p-value = 0.018). For Dover AFB, results from the ANOVA with Tukey's HSD showed that there is a significant difference between the sample (DV3) collected in the ERB treatment zone to all other samples upgradient and downgradient of the ERB treatment. MDS and similarity analysis performed on relative abundance results from the Illumina MiSeq Sequencing of 16S rRNA genes showed large similarities among the samples within each site and the only observed differences occurred when comparing any sample to DV3, nearest to treatment.Master of Science
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Glenn, Aaron James, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Growing season carbon dioxide exchange of two contrasting peatland ecosystems." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2005, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/259.
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The CO2 flux of two peatlands in northern Alberta was examind during the 2004 growing season using eddy covariance measurements of net ecosystem exchange (NEE), chamber measurements of total ecosystem respiration, and empirical models driven by meteorological inputs. The two ecosystems, a poor fen and an extreme-rich fen, differed significantly in plant species composition, leaf area index, aboveground biomass and surface water chemistry. The mean diurnal pattern of NEE at the peak of the season was similar between the sites, however, the extreme-rich fen had a higher photosynthetic and respiratory capacity than the poor fen. Over the 6 month study, the poor fen was shown to accumulate between 2 to 3 times more carbon than the extreme-rich fen despite having a lower photosynthetic capacity. The evergreen nature of the poor fen site allowed for a longer season of net CO2 uptake than the deciduous species that dominated the extreme-rich fen.xii, 126 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 29 cm.
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Robinson, Jamie. "Two proton knockout from carbon using linearly polarised photons." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2010. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1942/.
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The ^(12)C([gamma],pp) reaction has been studied in the photon energy range E_=200-450MeV at the Mainz Microtron, MAMI. The linearly polarised photon beam was produced via the coherent bremsstrahlung technique with a diamond radiator and tagged with the Glasgow Tagging Spectrometer. The beam was incident on a ^(12)C target and the reaction products were detected in the 4pi Crystal Ball detector. The experimental study examines the photon asymmetry Sigma over a wider photon energy range than previous measurements and presents the first measurement of the angular dependence of Sigma. The photon asymmetry has a negative magnitude for missing energies Em<70MeV where direct emission of nucleon pairs is expected. A strong peak at low Em is observed in Sigma for photon energies above and below Delta resonance energies. The asymmetry is studied in two missing energy regions Em<40MeV and E_m=40-70MeV where direct knockout from (1p)(1p) and (1s)(1p) shells is expected. For both missing energy regions the photon energy dependence of Sigma is rather flat, and the magnitude of Sigma([gamma],pp) generally exceeds Sigma([gamma],pn) for photon energies below 300MeV. Similar values are observed for photon energies less than 300MeV$. At low Em and photon energies below 300MeV, the results suggest that different mechanisms contribute to ^(12)C([gamma],pp) and ^(12)C([gamma],pn) reactions. The similarity in Sigma above photon energies of 300MeV suggests that both channels are dominated by contributions from isobaric currents. A strong angular dependence of Sigma is presented which follows a trend remarkably similar to deuteron photodisintegration. Theoretical calculations using an unfactorised distorted wave treatment of direct two-nucleon emission do not agree with the magnitude of the photon asymmetry. For Em above 100MeV and photon energy > 300MeV, Sigma has a substantially negative value which is attributed to two-step reactions following initial quasifree pion production.
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Wayolle, Audrey A. J. "Multiscale soil carbon distribution in two Sub-Arctic landscapes." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/6502.
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In recent years, concern has grown over the consequences of global warming. The arctic region is thought to be particularly vulnerable to increasing temperatures, and warming is occurring here substantially more rapidly than at lower latitudes. Consequently, assessments of the state of the Arctic are a focus of international efforts. For the terrestrial Arctic, large datasets are generated by remote sensing of above-ground variables, with an emphasis on vegetation properties, and, by association, carbon fluxes. However, the terrestrial component of the carbon (C) cycle remains poorly quantified and the below-ground distribution and stocks of soil C can not be quantified directly by remote sensing. Large areas of the Arctic are also difficult to access, limiting field surveys. The scientific community does know, however, that this region stores a massive proportion (although poorly quantified, soil C stocks for tundra soils vary from 96 to 192 Gt C) of the global reservoir of soil carbon, much of it in permafrost (900 Gt C), and these stocks may be very vulnerable to increased rates of decomposition due to rising temperatures. The consequences of this could be increasing source strength of the radiatively forcing gases carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4). The principal objective of this project is to provide a critical evaluation of methods used to link soil C stocks and fluxes at the usual scales spanned by the field surveys (centimetre to kilometre) and remote sensing surveys (kilometre to hundreds of kilometres). The soil C distribution of two sub-arctic sites in contrasting climatic, landscape/geomorphologic and vegetation settings has been described and analysed. The transition between birch forest and tundra heath in the Abisko (Swedish Lapland) field site, and the transition between mire and birch forest in the Kevo (Finnish Lapland) field site span several vegetation categories and landscape contexts. The natural variability of below-ground C stocks (excluding coarse roots > 2 mm diameter), at scales from the centimetre to the kilometre scale, is high: 0.01 to 18.8 kg C m-2 for the 0 - 4 cm depth in a 2.5 km2 area of Abisko. The depths of the soil profiles and the soil C stocks are not directly linked to either vegetation categories or Leaf Area Index (LAI), thus vegetation properties are not a straightforward proxy for soil C distribution. When mapping soil or vegetation categories over large areas, it is usually necessary to aggregate several vegetation or soil categories to simplify the output (both for mapping and for modelling). Using this approach, an average value of 2.3 kg C m-2 was derived both for soils beneath treeless areas and forest understorey. This aggregated value is potentially misleading, however, because there is significant skew resulting from the inclusion of exposed ridges (with very low soil C stocks) in the ‘treeless’ category. Furthermore, if birch trees colonise tundra heath and other ‘open’ plant communities in the coming decades, there will likely be substantial shifts in soil C stocks. This will be both due to direct climate effects on decomposition, but also due to changes in above- and below-ground C inputs (both in quantity and quality) and possibly changes in so-called root ‘priming’ effects on the decomposition of existing organic matter. A model of soil respiration using parameters from field surveys shows that soils of the birch forest are more sensitive to increases in mean annual temperature than soils under tundra heath. The heterogeneity of soil properties, moisture and temperature regimes and vegetation cover in ecotone areas means that responses to climate change will differ across these landscapes. Any exercise in upscaling results from field surveys has to indicate the heterogeneity of vegetation and soil categories to guide soil sampling and modelling of C cycle processes in the Arctic.
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Conley, Matthew. "Supercritical Water Gasification of Two-Carbon Carboxylic Acid Derivatives." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1542202432022198.
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Åberg, Jan. "Production and emission of CO2 in two unproductive lakes in northern Sweden." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-26967.
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Unproductive lakes are one of few natural landscape compartments with net release of carbon to the atmosphere. Lakes also generally decrease the net terrestrial carbon uptake, since most of the CO2 production in unproductive lakes are derived from organic carbon produced on land (e.g. in forests). High latitude lakes are predicted to be particularly affected by the global climate change. The carbon cycling in these lakes and their role in the landscape are therefore important to study. In this thesis, carbon turnover processes were studied in two lakes above the arctic circle (Lake Diktar-Erik and Lake Merasjärvi) in year 2004 and 2005. Both lakes were net heterotrophic, with large variations in CO2 concentrations both on shorter (30min) and longer (24h) time-scales. The pelagic habitat supported a major part of the net production of CO2, with larger dynamics in the CO2 production than the sediments. The CO2 variations of the surface water were related to respiration of allochthonous organic carbon, and were affected by the concentration and quality of the DOC, as well as the whole lake water temperatures, and vertical water movements. The emission of CO2 from Lake Merasjärvi was measured with the eddy covariance technique. The results showed that the gas transfer rate during moderate winds were higher than expected, causing the two most commonly used models to underestimate the long term fluxes of CO2 from the lake. Taken together, the results of the thesis show that the studied lakes contributed to bring terrestrial organic carbon back into the atmosphere, driven by a substantial internal CO2 production based on mineralization of allochthonous organic carbon. Major results are that the eddy covariance technique indicated that commonly used models tend to underestimate the net release rate of CO2 from lakes to the atmosphere, and that the lake CO2 dynamics can be the results of interactions between biogeochemical and physical processes in the lake water.
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Steele, Brad. "Non-equilibrium melting and sublimation of graphene simulated with two interatomic potentials." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4586.
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The mechanisms of the sublimation of graphene at zero pressure and the condensation of carbon vapor is investigated by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The interatomic interactions are described by the Reactive Empirical Bond Order potential (REBO). It is found that graphene sublimates at a temperature of 5,200 K. At the onset of sublimation, defects that contain several pentagons and heptagons are formed, that are shown to evolve from double vacancies and stone wales defects. These defects consisting of pentagons and heptagons act as nucleation sites for the gaseous phase. The influence of the interatomic interactions on the sublimation process are also investigated by comparing the results using the REBO potential with the Screened Environment Dependent (SED)-REBO potential. Two-dimensional MD simulations are also performed, and it is found that graphene melts at a much higher temperature and forms many more point defects than in three dimensions. It is also observed that carbon chains make up the two-dimensional molten state.
The isothermal equation of state of gaseous and liquid carbon, as well as the coexistence of the two phases is calculated at 6,000 K and up to a few GPa. The analysis shows that the material that forms immediately following the phase transformation in graphene is actually a coexistence of liquid and gaseous phases, but it is primarily two-fold coordinated, so it is mostly a gas, hence the identification of the phase transformation as sublimation. The coexistence pressure for liquid and gaseous carbon is found using the Maxwell Construction to be 0.0365 GPa at 6,000 K. It was previously believed that carbon vapor consists exclusively of carbon chains. We find that under compression, at a pressure lower than the coexistence pressure, carbon vapor develops a small amount (6 %) of sp2 bonds indicating a slight non-chain bonding character. The diffusion coefficient of this dense gas is calculated to be in between that of the liquid and gaseous phases.
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Uddin, Jashim. "Soil organic carbon dynamics in two major alluviums of Bangladesh." Thesis, Kingston University, 2016. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/35756/.
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This study was designed to evaluate the status, distribution, spatial variability, controlling factors, storage, and change in the levels of soil organic carbon (SOC) in two major alluviums of Bangladesh. The two alluviums the Brahmaputra and the Ganges were selected because they occupy a large area of Bangladesh with a wide diversity of agro-ecosystems. SOC levels were studied across the four sub-sites in the aforementioned alluviums at 0-30 cm depths to evaluate their spatial and temporal variability. The sub-sites, Delduar and Melandah, are in the Brahmaputra alluvium. The other two sub-sites, Mirpur and Fultala, are in the Ganges alluvium. Additionally, SOC and total nitrogen (TN) distribution were studied across eight soil profiles (0-120 cm depths) under the two alluviums. The results revealed that the SOC contents were very low in all the sites. The classical statistics showed that the variability of the SOC was moderate across the four sub-sites. The SOC distribution was positively skewed across all the sub-sites except Fultala. A semivariogram model showed there was generally a weak spatial correlation (R2 < 0.5) of SOC in the study sites. A relatively large sampling grid (1600m) and intensive soil management were perhaps responsible for the observed weak spatial dependency. SOC variability is lower across the highland (HL) and medium highland (MHL) sites than the medium lowland (MLL) and lowland (LL) sites. Changes in land use and land cover were also more intensive in the HL and MHL sites than the MLL and LL sites. The reason for low SOC in the HL and MHL sites may be due to their lower inundation level, e.g., land levels in relation to flooding depths, together with greater intensity of use. Temporal variability of SOC datasets revealed that SOC has declined across all the sites during the last 20-25 years due to the intensive land use with little or no crop residue inputs. It is plausible that SOC has declined to an equilibrium level, and further decline may not occur unless land use intensity changes further. The findings show that SOC is positively related to the TN and clay contents in the soils. This is not surprising as SOC is a major pool of TN, and soil clay fraction is known to protect SOC degradation. SOC and TN storage is higher in the surface soil horizon (0-20 cm) than the sub surface soils. Topsoil horizon is tilled and receives greater crop residue inputs which are subsequently mineralized resulting in higher accumulation of SOC and TN. It appears that inundation land types and land management practices may be the major driving factors of SOC storage and distribution across the study sites.
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Li, Chong. "Effect of Corrosion Inhibitor on Water Wetting and Carbon Dioxide Corrosion in Oil-Water Two-Phase Flow." View abstract, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3371584.
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Aggarwal, Ashish. "The promise and performance of carbon forestry : analyzing carbon, biodiversity and livelihoods in two projects from India." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-promise-and-performance-of-carbon-forestry-analyzing-carbon-biodiversity-and-livelihoods-in-two-projects-from-india(0e569b5c-1e89-4bb7-b33e-51fba79381b7).html.
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Carbon forestry projects have proliferated over last few years on the premise of cost efficient climate mitigation along with co-benefits of biodiversity conservation and livelihood improvement. Multilateral, bilateral, public and private sources have invested billions of dollars in the carbon forestry projects based on these claims. However, there is little empirical evidence to support the enthusiasm. This gap is further accentuated by the insufficient understanding of the governance challenges of these projects. These issues are social, political and ecological in nature and hence require a multidisciplinary political ecology framework for a comprehensive analysis. This thesis explores the multiple benefit claims and governance issues by analysing two forestry-based Clean Development Mechanism projects from India. One, in Haryana state focuses on private lands, the other in Himachal involves three different types of lands viz. community, public and private for plantation activities. This thesis examines the carbon, biodiversity and livelihood benefits of each project, and the governance challenges associated with them. I show that both projects have sequestered substantially less carbon than was originally predicted, which has serious implications for carbon revenues and hence economic viability of these projects. In the case of biodiversity, the results are mixed. In Haryana, the tree and herb biodiversity has improved in the project plots as compared to control plots, whereas shrub biodiversity has marginally declined. In case of Himachal project, biodiversity has declined at tree, shrub and herb levels. I have analysed livelihood impacts in terms of foregone crop, fodder and fuel wood benefits across small, medium and large category of farmers. Both the projects have adverse livelihood impacts on the participants, more so in Haryana because of the plantations on private lands. Although the project has adversely affected the livelihoods of all three categories of farmers, however it has affected small farmers the most due to their low incomes and risk-bearing capacities. Hence, these projects have serious equity implications. This thesis also explores the governance challenges of carbon forestry in terms of their interaction with existing policy mechanisms, especially the Forest Rights Act of 2006, which recognises the ownership and use rights of forest dependent communities comprehensively first time in independent India. The analysis suggests that there are various issues that carbon forestry projects pose for the implementation of the Act due to which civil society groups are opposing these projects. This thesis contributes to our understanding of the multiple benefit claims of carbon forestry projects with empirical evidence and a political ecological analysis. It shows that there is possibility of tradeoffs and many other scenarios in carbon forestry projects rather than just the projected 'win-win-win' outcomes. It contributes to the political economy literature by establishing that changes in global commodity markets can influence land use choices at local level, affecting the sustainability of such efforts. This thesis also advances the literature on governance of carbon forestry projects by reflecting on various policy and implementation level issues related to property rights, community institutions, transparency and accountability.
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Hussain, Rehan. "NMR studies of carbon dioxide sequestration in porous media." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/248877.
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Carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration in the sub-surface is a potential mitigation technique for global climate change caused by greenhouse gas emissions. In order to evaluate the feasibility of this technique, understanding the behaviour of CO2 stored in geological rock formations over a range of length- and time-scales is crucial. The work presented in this dissertation contributes to the knowledge in this field by investigating the two-phase flow and entrapment processes of CO2, as well as other relevant fluids, in porous media at the pore- and centimetre-scales using a combination of lab-based nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experimental techniques and lattice Boltzmann (LB) numerical simulation techniques. Pulsed field gradient (PFG) NMR techniques were used to acquire displacement distributions (propagators) of brine flow through a model porous medium (100 µm glass bead packing) before and after the capillary (residual) trapping of gas-phase CO2 in the pore space. The acquired propagators were compared quantitatively with the corresponding LB simulations. In addition, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques were used to characterise the extent of CO2 trapping in the bead pack. The acquired NMR propagators were compared to LB simulations applied to various CO2 entrapment scenarios in order to investigate the pore morphology in which CO2 becomes entrapped. Subsequently, MRI drop shape analysis techniques were used to identify a pair of analogue fluids which matched certain key physical properties (specifically interfacial tension) of the supercritical CO2/water system in order to extend the work to conditions more relevant to CO2 sequestration in the sub-surface, where CO2 is likely to be present in the supercritical phase. As before, NMR propagator measurements and MRI techniques, along with LB simulations, were used to characterise the capillary trapping of the CO2 analogue phase in glass bead packs, as well as two different types of rock core plugs – relatively homogeneous Bentheimer sandstone, and heterogeneous Portland carbonate. In addition to capillary trapping, the effect of vertical permeability heterogeneity, such as is often present in underground rock formations, was investigated for the flow of miscible (water/brine) gravity currents in model porous media (glass bead packs), using MRI techniques such as 2D spin-echo imaging and phase-shift velocity imaging. Finally, a preliminary investigation was made into the effect of particle- and pore-size distributions on the gas/liquid (air/water) interface for porous media consisting of glass bead and sand packs of different average particle size using quantitative MRI techniques.
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Acharya, Bijaya. "Properties of One- and Two-Nucleon Halo Nulcei in Effective Field Theory." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1423835581.
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de, Jong Susan Johanna. "The Art Of Lyric Improvisation: A Comparative Study of Two Renowned Jazz Singers." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Music, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1666.
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This research is an analysis of the range of skills and knowledge required to produce, effectively, results in the Art of Lyric Improvisation in the field of jazz singing. Lyric Improvisation is the art of retaining the primary lyrics of a song but, using improvisational inventiveness, changing every other aspect.
The study focuses on the manipulation of melody, rhythm, time feel, style, range, articulation and improvisation in the performances of renowned jazz vocalists Sarah Vaughan and Carmen McRae. The research is based on their multiple recordings of "Sometimes I'm Happy" (Youmans/Caesar) between the years1955-1965.
The method compares different elements of the individual singers' improvisations to the published notation. These elements include: syncopation of the rhythm, motific development, expanding the range of pitch, variances in timbre and articulation and spontaneous re-composition of the melody all while maintaining the original lyric.
The outcomes, however, can be applied over a multitude of tunes from any American Song Book composer or jazz standard sung in historically swing styles of the past century, or with contemporary developments.
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Qian, Huihong. "Tip-enhanced Near-Field Optical Spectroscopy on Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes." Diss., lmu, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-94383.
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Stapleton, Lee Mark. "Modelling carbon and nitrogen fluxes for two terrestrial ecosystems on Svalbard." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.416264.
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Paudel, Naba Raj. "TIP DEFORMATION AND BUCKLING OF CARBON NANOTUBES ON A GRAPHITE SURFACE." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1185563606.
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Palacios, Tenreiro Carlos Alberto. "Mechanisms of CO2corrosion related to velocity in two-phase flow systems /." Access abstract and link to full text, 1990. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.library.utulsa.edu/dissertations/fullcit/9022237.
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Zhou, Zhiping. "Mechanistic studies of the copolymerization of epoxides with carbon dioxide and ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters." Connect to this title online, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1095348018.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xix, 193 p.; also includes graphics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 181-193).
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JAYASINGHE, CHAMINDA. "FUNCTIONALIZATION OF SINGLE WALL CARBON NANOTUBES USING RF-PLASMA: THE ROLE OF DEFECTS IN SIDEWALL FUNCTIONALIZATION." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1185999248.
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Liu, Jiayi. "Development and Applications of Functionalized Octatetrayne as Novel Carbon Media in Chromatography." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1519322396476316.
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Pangle, Robert E. "Soil Carbon Dioxide Efflux in Response to Fertilization and Mulching Treatments in a Two-Year-Old Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda L.) Plantation in the Virginia Piedmont." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36359.
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Due to concern over the increasing concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, forest researchers and managers are currently studying the effects of varying silvicultural and harvesting practices on the carbon dynamics of intensely managed forest ecosystems. Soil carbon dioxide efflux resulting from soil microbial activity and root respiration is one of the major components of the total carbon flux in forested ecosystems.
In an effort to examine the response of soil carbon dioxide efflux to changes in soil factors, nutrient availability, temperature, and moisture, soil respiration rates were measured monthly over an entire year in a two-year-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantation subjected to fertilization and mulching treatments. A dynamic, closed-chamber infrared gas analysis system was used to measure efflux rates from plots treated with one of four treatment combinations including: nitrogen (115 kg/ha) and phosphorus (11.5 kg/ha) fertilization with black landscape cloth (mulch), fertilization without mulch, mulch without fertilization, and no treatment (control). For each treatment combination, plots were established at the seedling base and 1.22 m away from the seedling base to examine the effect of seedling roots on soil carbon dioxide efflux rates. Soil temperature and moisture were measured at each chamber position monthly and soil coarse fragments, soil nutrient levels, percent carbon, root biomass and coarse woody debris were measured beneath 64 chambers at the end of the study.
Fertilization had no significant effect on efflux rates during any of our monthly sampling sessions despite the fact that fertilized seedlings experienced significant increases in both above and belowground biomass. Conversely, regression analysis of growing season soil carbon dioxide efflux rates revealed a slightly negative correlation with both total seedling nutrient uptake and biomass. Rates in plots with mulching were significantly higher than rates from non-mulched plots during five monthly measurement sessions, and higher rates in mulched plots during winter months was attributable to warmer soil temperatures. Rates at the seedling base were always significantly higher than rates in plots away from the seedling. Although rates were always higher at the seedling base, the variability observed was only weakly correlated with the amount of pine roots present beneath respiration chambers. Utilizing soil temperature and moisture, soil carbon, and cuvette fine root biomass in a regression model explained 54% of the variance observed in efflux rates across the yearlong study period. Soil temperature alone explained 42.2% of the variance, followed by soil carbon and soil moisture at 5.2% and 2.7% respectively. The amount of pine fine roots under measurement chambers accounted for only 2.4% of the variance. An additional 1.5% was explained by other factors such as soil phosphorus, coarse woody debris, non-pine root biomass, and soil calcium. An examination of the factors affecting the spatial patterns of soil carbon dioxide efflux revealed that total soil carbon and the amount of fine pine root biomass beneath cuvette base rings explain 38% and 11% respectively, of the observed variability in mean annual soil carbon dioxide efflux from differing plots.
The most influential factor affecting soil carbon dioxide efflux during the yearlong study period was soil temperature and modeling of seasonal soil carbon dioxide efflux rates from managed forests using both soil temperature and moisture should be achievable with the establishment of data sets and statistical models covering a range of sites differing in productivity, stand age, and management intensity. The establishment of data sets and statistical models across a variety of forest sites should account for the changing influence of soil carbon levels, aboveground biomass, microbial activity, organic matter inputs, and root biomass on soil carbon dioxide efflux.Master of Science
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Saito, Yahachi, Yuhki Tsujimoto, Akira Koshio, and Fumio Kokai. "Field emission patterns from multiwall carbon nanotubes with a cone-shaped tip." American Institute of Physics, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/8776.
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Neer, Eric. "Stiffness predictions of carbon nanotube reinforced two and three-phase polymer composites." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1603339.
Full textAbstract:
Carbon nanotubes are a relatively new area of research which has gained significant attention in published literature. One reason for this interest is their use in multi-phase composites, specifically where they can enhance traditional polymer matrices. Many authors have attempted to adapt conventional micromechanical analyses reserved for microfibers to the nano scale. A review of these works is presented. In depth analysis is provided on one of these two phase (nanotube and matrix) models, the Anumandla-Gibson model, originally published in 2006. A discussion of its strengths and sensitivities is given, with numerical data to support the conclusions. It is extended to three-phase composites through the use of classical laminated plate theory. A literature survey is conducted to gather published two and three-phase experimental results for comparison. Two phase experimental results agree well with the present model, whereas three phase data was limited, but initial comparisons were promising.
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Meeusen, Karl M. "FORESTS, CARBON, AND BIOMASS ELECTRICITY GENERATION: TWO ESSAYS IN NATURAL RESOURCE ECONOMICS." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1316202710.
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Feng, Xinliang, Xiaodong Zhuang, Wuxue Zhao, Fan Zhang, Yu Cao, Feng Liu, and Shuai Bia. "A two-dimensional conjugated polymer framework with fully sp2-bonded carbon skeleton." Royal Society of Chemistry, 2016. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A30310.
Full textAbstract:
The synthesis of crystalline two-dimensional (2D) covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with fully unsaturated carbon–carbon backbones via a solution approach remains a great challenge. In this work, we report the first example of an olefin-linked 2D conjugated COF using a Knoevenagel polycondensation reaction of 1,4-phenylene diacetonitrile and three armed aromatic aldehyde. The resulting 2D poly(phenelyenevinylene) framework (2DPPV) possesses a sheet morphology, and a crystalline layered structure featuring a fully sp2-bonded carbon skeleton with pendant cyanide groups. Its unique alternating structure with a serrated configuration has been essentially evaluated using HR-TEM TEM analysis, nitrogen physisorption measurements, PXRD studies and theoretical simulations. Upon thermal and activation treatments, the as-prepared 2DPPV can be facilely converted into porous carbon nanosheets with large specific surface areas of up to 880 m2 g−1 which exhibit an excellent electrochemical performance as supercapacitor electrodes and electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction. This represents an economic non-template approach to 2D porous carbon materials for energy-related applications.
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Feng, Xinliang, Xiaodong Zhuang, Wuxue Zhao, Fan Zhang, Yu Cao, Feng Liu, and Shuai Bia. "A two-dimensional conjugated polymer framework with fully sp2-bonded carbon skeleton." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-224298.
Full textAbstract:
The synthesis of crystalline two-dimensional (2D) covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with fully unsaturated carbon–carbon backbones via a solution approach remains a great challenge. In this work, we report the first example of an olefin-linked 2D conjugated COF using a Knoevenagel polycondensation reaction of 1,4-phenylene diacetonitrile and three armed aromatic aldehyde. The resulting 2D poly(phenelyenevinylene) framework (2DPPV) possesses a sheet morphology, and a crystalline layered structure featuring a fully sp2-bonded carbon skeleton with pendant cyanide groups. Its unique alternating structure with a serrated configuration has been essentially evaluated using HR-TEM TEM analysis, nitrogen physisorption measurements, PXRD studies and theoretical simulations. Upon thermal and activation treatments, the as-prepared 2DPPV can be facilely converted into porous carbon nanosheets with large specific surface areas of up to 880 m2 g−1 which exhibit an excellent electrochemical performance as supercapacitor electrodes and electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction. This represents an economic non-template approach to 2D porous carbon materials for energy-related applications.
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Rademacher, John A. "Forest Structure and Carbon Allocation Within and Between two Northern-mixed Hardwood Edges." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1083949516.
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Toofanian, Maryam. "Development and Validation of a Two Factor Model of Adult Career Orientation." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279120/.
Full textAbstract:
Subjects in this study were 5,523 respondents from a survey which was sent to households throughout the United States. The purpose of this study was to examine two basic components of career orientation: career indecision and career insight. Correlational analyses found relationships between career indecision and average job tenure, industry leaving intentions, industry staying intentions, and job satisfaction. Correlational analyses found relationships between career insight, industry staying intentions and job satisfaction. Multiple regression analyses were run using both career indecision and career insight as independent variables found that they had useful levels of incremental validity in predicting industry leaving intentions and job satisfaction. Potential uses of the two-dimensional career indecision - career insight model are discussed.
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Chou, Kuo-chin. "Hydrogen diffusion, trapping and crack growth in two low carbon steels with different contents of sulfur /." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148758461216328.
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Barroeta, Ander. "Design of a ventilation system for carbon dioxide reduction in two gym rooms." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för bygg- energi- och miljöteknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-14801.
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This project is mainly focused on the improving and design of the ventilation system of two rooms at different levels of a gym (Friskis and Svettis in Gävle, Sweden) to reduce the concentration to never be higher than 1000 ppm. For this purpose, several field measurements were performed in different locations and situations. Two main measurements were necessary. On one hand, the level in different parts of the rooms during different activities. On the other hand, the air flow through the inlet and outlet ducts of the ventilation system. It was also important to take into account the indoor temperature and humidity. These measurements were enough to analyze the failures of the system and to recognize the worst points of each room. Comparing both rooms, the necessity of changing the ventilation system in one of these rooms was much higher, due to there were measured values up to 3000 ppm during a typical day in the gym. With this information the consequences of high CO2 levels in human people were analyzed. Among various ventilation systems, displacement ventilation system was proposed as the new design. Theoretical calculations were made to reach to the value of 31.8 in the air change rate (ACH), which was the necessary value for the new design to keep the carbon dioxide level under 1000 ppm.
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Manuitt, Alvaro Camacho. "CO₂ top of the line corrosion in the presence of H₂S." Ohio : Ohio University, 2006. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1155043955.
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Fassinger, Ruth E. "The testing of a structural equation model of women's career choice in two college populations /." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487326511717012.
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Chu, Holly Marie. "Effects of background organic matter on granular activated carbon adsorption isotherms for TCP." Thesis, Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/21912.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M. S.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1992.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 47-48).
Microfiche. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Library, 1992. 2 microfiches: negative.
Master negative: Microfiche MS32123.
UHM: Library has: Both book and microform.
Board of Water Supply, City and County of Honolulu; contract no. C09012
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Zhang, Yu. "Single-walled carbon nanotube modelling based on one-and two-dimensional Cosserat continua." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12211/.
Full textAbstract:
This research aims to study the mechanical properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes. In order to overcome the difficulties of spanning multi-scales from atomistic field to macroscopic space, the Cauchy-Born rule is applied to link the deformation of atom lattice vectors at the atomic level with the material deformation in a macro continuum level. Single-walled carbon nanotubes are modelled as Cosserat surfaces, and modified shell theory is adopted where a displacement field-independent rotation tensor is introduced, which describes the rotation of the inner structure of the surface, i.e. micro-rotation. Empirical interatomic potentials are applied so that stress fields and modulus fields can be computed by the derivations of potential forms from displacement fields and rotation fields. A finite element approach is implemented. Results of simulations for single-walled carbon nanotubes under stretching, bending, compression and torsion are presented. In addition, Young’s modulus and Poisson ratio for graphite sheet and critical buckling strains for single-walled carbon nanotubes are predicted in this research.
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Nasseri, Mohsen. "NANOSCALE DEVICES CONSISTING OF HETEROSTRUCTURES OF CARBON NANOTUBES AND TWO-DIMENSIONAL LAYERED MATERIALS." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/physastron_etds/59.
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One dimensional carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and two-dimensional layered materials like graphene, MoS2, hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), etc. with different electrical and mechanical properties are great candidates for many applications in the future. In this study the synthesis and growth of carbon nanotubes on both conducting graphene and graphite substrates as well as insulating hBN substrate with precise crystallographic orientation is achieved. We show that the nanotubes have a clear preference to align to specific crystal directions of the underlying graphene or hBN substrate. On thicker flakes of graphite, the edges of these 2D materials can control the orientation of these carbon nanotubes. This integrated aligned growth of materials with similar lattices provides a promising route to achieving intricate nanoscale electrical circuits. Furthermore, short channel nanoscale devices consisting of the heterostructure of 1D and 2D materials are fabricated. In these nanoscale devices the nanogap is created due to etching of few layer graphene flake through hydrogenation and the channel is either carbon nanotubes or 2D materials like graphene and MoS2. Finally the transport properties of these nanoscale devices is studied.
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Steenkamp, J. D. (Joalet Dalene). "Chemical wear of carbon-based refractory materials in a silicomanganese furnace tap-hole." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/45951.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the study presented here was to investigate the potential for chemical wear of carbon-based refractory materials in a silicomanganese furnace tap-hole. In the study, three research questions were addressed:
1. Is chemical reaction between refractory and slag or refractory and metal a potential wear mechanism?
2. Is the choice in carbon-based refractory material important from a tap-hole refractory life perspective?
3. What are the implications for the life of the tap-hole in a SiMn furnace?
To study the potential for chemical wear, thermodynamic calculations were conducted to determine the potential for the formation of SiC and SiMn at 1600°C through reduction of SiO2 and MnO and dissolution of C (and subsequent reaction with Si) in metal. The thermodynamic calculations were based on published [1] metal and slag composition and carbon. Cup test experiments based on synthetic slag and graphite proved SiC formation conclusively, but not SiMn formation.
To study the effect of the choice in carbon-based refractory material, two types of refractory materials – carbon block and ramming paste – available commercially and industrial slag were sourced, prepared and characterised. Wettability studies proved the formation of SiC at 1588°C with slag being wetting towards refractory in an argon atmosphere and non-wetting in a CO-atmosphere. Under wetting conditions, the wetting angle of slag on carbon block was slightly higher (50°) at holding temperature compared to that of ramming paste (30°). Under non-wetting conditions the angles were 160° and 150° respectively. Cup test experiments based on industrial slag and carbon-based refractory material proved both SiC and SiMn formation at 1600°C conclusively and confirmed the wetting behaviour of slag towards refractory at larger scale.
To study the implications for the life of the tap-hole in a SiMn furnace, the tap-hole of a 48 MVA SiMn furnace was excavated and profiled. The wear predicted by thermodynamic modelling was supported by mass flow calculations.
It was concluded that chemical reaction between carbon-based refractory materials and slag and metal is one of the mechanisms responsible for wear in the tap-hole of a silicomanganese furnace.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
tm2015
Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering
PhD
Unrestricted
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Jagadamma, Sindhu. "Stabilization mechanisms of organic carbon in two soils of the Midwestern United States." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1241450699.
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Brown, Mark. "Simulations for thermodynamic analyses of transcritical carbon dioxide refrigeration cycle and reheat dehumidification air conditioning cycle." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001599.
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Burgess, P. E. "Future climatic and cryospheric change on millennial timescales : an assessment using two-dimensional climate modelling studies." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266737.
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Bhaumik, Tirtharaj. "Numerical modeling of multiphase plumes: a comparative study between two-fluid and mixed-fluid integral models." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2607.
Full textAbstract:
Understanding the physics of multiphase plumes and their simulation through
numerical modeling has been an important area of research in recent times in the area
of environmental fluid mechanics. The two renowned numerical modeling types that
are commonly used by researchers today to simulate multiphase plumes in nature are
the mixed-fluid and the two-fluid integral models. In the present study, a detailed
review was performed to study and analyze the two modeling approaches for the
case of a double plume (upward moving inner plume with downward moving annular
outer plume) with the objective of ascertaining which of these models represent the
prototype physics in the integral plume model equations with a higher degree of completeness
and accuracy. A graphical user interface was designed to facilitate running
the models. By comparison to laboratory scale experimental data and through sensitivity
analyses, a rigorous effort was made to determine the most appropriate choice
of initial conditions needed at the start of the model computation and at the peeling
locations and to obtain the most consistent values of the different model parameters
that are necessary for calibration of the two models. Consequently, with these selected
sets of initial conditions and model parameters, the models were run and their
outputs compared against each other for three different case studies with ambient
conditions typical of real environmental data. The dispersed phases considered were
air bubbles in two cases and liquid CO2 droplets for the third case, with water as the
continuous phase in all cases. The entrainment coefficient was found to be the most important parameter that affected the model results. In all the three case studies
conducted, the mixed-fluid model was found to predict about 30% higher values for
the peel heights and the DMPR (Depth of Maximum Plume Rise) than the two-fluid
model.
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Alvarado, Quiroz Nicolas Gabriel. "Characterization of marine exopolymeric substance (EPS) responsible for binding of thorium (IV) isotopes." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2250.
Full textAbstract:
The functional group composition of acid polysaccharides was determined after isolation using cross-flow ultrafiltration, radiolabeling with 234Th(IV) and other isotopes, and separation using isoelectric focusing (IEF) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Phosphate and sulphate concentrations were determined from cultured bacterial and phytoplankton colloid, particulate and colloidal samples collected from the Gulf of M??xico (GOM). Characterization of the 234Th(IV)-binding biomolecule was performed using ion chromatography (IC), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Radiotracer experiments and culture experiments were conducted in determining the binding environment of the 234Th(IV)-binding ligand (i.e., sorption onto suspended particles), as well as the origin of the ligand in seawater systems. In all samples, 234Th(IV) isoelectric focusing profiles indicated that 49% to 65% of the 234Th(IV) labeled EPS from Roseobacter gallaeciensis, Sagittula stellata, Emiliania huxleyi, Synechococcus elongatus and GOM Station 4-72m was found at a pHIEF of 2 in the IEF spectrum. The carboxylic acid group appeared at the same pHIEF as 234Th(IV) for EPS from Roseobacter gallaeciensis, Emiliania huxleyi, Synechococcus elongatus and GOM colloidal organic matter sample. The phosphate group appeared at the same pHIEF as 234Th(IV) for EPS from Roseobacter gallaeciensis, and Synechococcus elongatus sample. The sulphate group was found at the same pHIEF as 234Th(IV) for EPS from S. elongatus and GOM colloidal organic matter sample. The total polysaccharide content was only 14% and 8%, uronic acids were approximately 5.4% and 87.1%, and total protein content was 2.6% and 6.2% of total carbon content of Sagittula stellata and Synechococcus elongatus, respectively. Monosaccharides identified in both Sagittula stellata and Synechococcus elongatus were galactose, glucose, and xylose in common. In addition, Sagittula stellata contained mannose and Synechococcus elongatus had galactoglucuronic acid. Thus, depending on the species, the size, structural composition, and functional groups of the 234Th(IV)-binding, acidic polysaccharides will vary. From these observations, it is concluded that the steric environment and not necessarily the exact functional group might actually be responsible for thorium-234 complexation to macromolecular organic matter. This research helped to improve our understanding of the observed variability in POC/234Th ratios in the ocean and provided insights into factors that regulate organic carbon export fluxes.
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Rodriguez, Marisol M. "The Career Path of Successful Hispanic Women Holding Top Academic Administrative Positions in Higher Education." Thesis, NSUWorks, 2016. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/fse_etd/89.
Full textAbstract:
Although the literature has a wealth of information about the barriers that Hispanic women encounter to achieve senior leadership positions in higher education, there continues to be a lack of research focusing on the factors that positively influence the career path of successful contemporary Hispanic women in academe. This study bridged this gap by adding to the field about this population. The information provided will allow for a greater understanding of how to deal with those challenges and opportunities and may change societal perceptions associated with Hispanic women leaders in academe. The researcher’s indepth analysis of the factors that positively influenced the career path of the Hispanic female top administrators who participated in this study showed that several components were fundamental for the successful career path mobility of the aforementioned participants. An analysis of the data revealed that the following were found to be the most significant components that best describe the professional profile of the group of Hispanic female top administrators who participated in this study: (a) having the credentials and training, (b) following tenured and academic administrative tracks, (c) being mentored and empowered, (d) being able to balance career and family, (e) being politically savvy, (f) demonstrating leadership capacity, and (g) displaying high self- efficacy beliefs.
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Montoya, Martinez Lilliana Maria. "Translation as a metaphor in the transcultural writing of two Latino Canadian authors, Carmen Rodriguez and Sergio Kokis." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28099.
Full textAbstract:
More often than not, in theoretical discussions about translation, there has been a predominance of Western thought (Tymoczko, 2006). This dominance has been reflected principally in the concentration on linguistic aspects of translation, as well as in the importance given to written texts over any other form of expression. This fact has led to skepticism about metaphorical or non-linguistic studies of translation and non-Western approaches to this field. Nevertheless, there is a growing belief in Translation Studies that translation does not always involve a textual or linguistic practice, but that it can also take place within only one language, and even more, without implying any text at all (Bhabha, 1994; Venuti, 1992; Douglas, 1997; Young, 2003). Moving in that same direction, this thesis offers a metaphorical approach to translation that attempts to expand the boundaries of Translation Studies and resist certain previous Western-oriented conceptualizations of translation.
Through examination of the works and a body to remember with and Le pavillon des mirors, written by Carmen Rodriguez and Sergio Kokis, respectively, this thesis contends that their fictional characters may be considered as both linguistically and culturally "translated beings" (Rushdie, 1991). Throughout this discussion, the concept of metaphorical translation refers to the never-ending process of transformation and transculturation that Rodriguez and Kokis' fictional characters undergo in their migrant experience. In other words, this thesis examines Rodriguez and Kokis' literary representations of migrants and their experience with translation as a transformation process. The dislocation caused by migration takes the form of social, linguistic, cultural, and psychological disarticulations, which are typified through images and metaphors of translation. These images and metaphors represent the main focus of analysis in this study. Therefore, this thesis brings about a broader idea of translation than the explicit interlingual transference of meaning. Both migration and its subsequent cultural mingling produce complex situations that are discussed in the works analyzed.
First, this thesis examines the spatial and temporal related images and metaphors of translation within Rodriguez and Kokis' works. The aim here is to determine how these characters manage to overcome the loss of their place after migration and how this fact affects their roots. Second, in an attempt to evaluate whether the metaphorical translation of Rodriguez and Kokis' characters symbolizes a successful or a failed translation, this thesis considers specific aspects in characters' identity construction throughout the stories. Finally, their discourses are evaluated to discuss the linguistic conflicts stemming from the tension between mother tongue and adoptive language.
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Spooner, Daniel Ron, and n/a. "Nutrient, organic carbon and suspended solid loadings in two ICOLLs, NSW Australia : biogeochemical responses." University of Canberra. Resource, Environmental & Heritage Sciences, 2005. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20070129.130745.
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Intermittently Closed and Open Lake Lagoons (ICOLLs) are very common along the
southern NSW coastline. Expanding urban populations are expanding and these systems are
under increasing pressure from anthropogenic activities that change landscape processes and
significantly alter the amounts of organic and inorganic constituents entering their waters.
Once efficient cycling of nutrients in ICOLLs is overcome, the symptoms of eutrophication
establish and the entire ecosystem suffers. These systems have great ecological, social, and
economic values that require insightful, well balanced, and educated management to
promote sustainable use of these often-sensitive areas.
Corunna and Nangudga Lake are ICOLLs in the Eurobodalla Shire on the south
coast of NSW. These two ICOLLs receive discharges from catchments covered by native
vegetation and grassland. The primary objective of this research component was to quantify
catchment exports of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), suspended solids (SS),
particulate organic matter (POM) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from three small
coastal sub catchments that deliver constituents into Corunna and Nangudga Lakes. As part
of this investigation the fates of catchment loads in the ICOLLs were established focusing
on the lakes water column response to catchment loads and the biogeochemical cycling of
nitrogen and phosphorus in sediments.
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Bohlin, Hanna. "The influence by point sources on carbon, nitrogen and metals in two sedimentary environments." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Dept. of geology and geochemistry, Stockholm university, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-753.
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