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Journal articles on the topic 'Cardiovascular system Obesity Chinese'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 February 2022

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1

Gao, Luying, Linjie Wang, Hongbo Yang, Hui Pan, Fengying Gong, and Huijuan Zhu. "MC4R Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Were Associated with Metabolically Healthy and Unhealthy Obesity in Chinese Northern Han Populations." International Journal of Endocrinology 2019 (November 6, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4328909.

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Melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) has been reported to be associated with the risk of obesity, and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUHO) patients tend to have a greater risk of cardiovascular complications than metabolically healthy obese (MHO) patients. Therefore, we aimed to study single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the MC4R gene associated with metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity in Chinese Northern Han populations. A total of 1100 Chinese Northern Han subjects were recruited and divided into four groups according to the criteria of the Adult Treatment Panel-III (ATP-III) and World Health Organization (WHO): MUHO (n = 300), MHO (n = 196), metabolic unhealthy normal weight (MUH-NW) (n = 303), and metabolic healthy normal weight (MH-NW) (n = 301). DNA samples were extracted, and six SNPs of the MC4R gene, including rs2331841, rs656710, rs17782313, rs571312, rs12970134, and rs11872992, were genotyped with the matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) method. Among the six SNPs of the MC4R gene, rs2331841 (A/G) was the most significant and could account for 0.9% of obesity etiology. Compared with the normal weight group, rs2331841 of the MC4R gene was associated with obesity (P=0.032). The obesity risk of subjects with the AG genotype in the rs2331841 site was 82% higher than the risk of those with the GG genotype (β = 0.60, OR = 1.82, P=0.030). After adjusting for sex and age, the frequency of the A allele in the rs2331841 site was higher in the MUHO group than in the MH-NW group (27.9% vs. 21.1%, respectively, OR = 1.49, 95% CI 1.14–1.96, P=0.005) and in the MUHO group than in the MHO group (27.9% vs. 22.3%, respectively, OR = 1.39, 95% CI 1.02–1.92, P=0.039). Among the three genotypes of rs2331841, the subjects with the AA/AG genotype had higher diastolic blood pressure (DBP) than those with the GG genotype. Our data first suggest that SNPs in the rs2331841 site of the MC4R gene are closely related to obesity and its related metabolic disorders in Chinese Northern Han populations. The participants with an A allele of rs2331841 had a higher risk of obesity and MUHO than other participants.

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2

Raja-Khan, Nazia, Elisabet Stener-Victorin, XiaoKe Wu, and Richard S. Legro. "The physiological basis of complementary and alternative medicines for polycystic ovary syndrome." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 301, no. 1 (July 2011): E1—E10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00667.2010.

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that is characterized by chronic hyperandrogenic anovulation leading to symptoms of hirsutism, acne, irregular menses, and infertility. Multiple metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors are associated with PCOS, including insulin resistance, obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, inflammation, and subclinical atherosclerosis. However, current treatments for PCOS are only moderately effective at controlling symptoms and preventing complications. This article describes how the physiological effects of major complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) treatments could reduce the severity of PCOS and its complications. Acupuncture reduces hyperandrogenism and improves menstrual frequency in PCOS. Acupuncture's clinical effects are mediated via activation of somatic afferent nerves innervating the skin and muscle, which, via modulation of the activity in the somatic and autonomic nervous system, may modulate endocrine and metabolic functions in PCOS. Chinese herbal medicines and dietary supplements may also exert beneficial physiological effects in PCOS, but there is minimal evidence that these CAM treatments are safe and effective. Mindfulness has not been investigated in PCOS, but it has been shown to reduce psychological distress and exert positive effects on the central and autonomic nervous systems, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and immune system, leading to reductions in blood pressure, glucose, and inflammation. In conclusion, CAM treatments may have beneficial endocrine, cardiometabolic, and reproductive effects in PCOS. However, most studies of CAM treatments for PCOS are small, nonrandomized, or uncontrolled. Future well-designed studies are needed to further evaluate the safety, effectiveness, and mechanisms of CAM treatments for PCOS.

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Bhatt, Kinal Paresh, Jonathan Quinonez, Abhinav Patel, Mehrie Patel, Abdifitah Mohamed, Muhammad Ali Aziz, Deepa Venkataramani, et al. "COVID-19 Pathophysiology and Clinical Effects on Multiple Organ Systems - A Narrative Review." International Annals of Science 10, no. 1 (June 12, 2021): 151–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/ias.10.1.151-167.

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Patients with comorbidities including Hypertension (HTN), Diabetes Mellitus (DM), Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Asthma, Obesity, Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), and those who are immunocompromised are prone to more severe complications of COVID-19 and a higher rate of hospitalizations. In the United States, around 94% of COVID-19 deaths had an average of 2.6 additional conditions or causes per death. In a summary report published by the Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention of 72,314 cases, case-fatality rate was elevated among those with preexisting comorbid conditions—10.5% for cardiovascular disease, 7.3% for diabetes, 6.3% for chronic respiratory disease, 6.0% for HTN, and 5.6% for cancer. The COVID-19 pandemic continues to threaten people and healthcare systems globally and therefore the global economy. Currently, there is no cure or vaccine for COVID-19 and there is an urgent need to develop target therapies as we continue to learn more about this novel virus. Without therapeutic interventions, much of how we contain the viral spread is prevention through mitigation strategies (social distancing, face masks, supportive care). Early suspicion of COVID-19 symptoms with radiological and laboratory assessments may play a major role in preventing severity of the COVID-19. With this literature review we aim to provide review of pathophysiology of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its clinical effects on multiple organ systems.

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4

Hong, Jungha, and Nazim S. Gruda. "The Potential of Introduction of Asian Vegetables in Europe." Horticulturae 6, no. 3 (July 3, 2020): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae6030038.

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Increasing longevity, along with an aging population in Europe, has caused serious concerns about diet-related chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and certain cancers. As recently noted during the coronavirus pandemic, regular exercise and a robust immune system complemented by adequate consumption of fruit and vegetables are recommended due to their known health benefits. Although the volume of fresh vegetable consumption in the EU is barely growing, demand for diversified, nutritious, and exotic vegetables has been increasing. Therefore, the European market for fresh Asian vegetables is expected to expand across the EU member states, and the introduction of new vegetables has enormous potential. We conducted this review to address the high number and wide range of Asian vegetable species with a commercial potential for introduction into the current European vegetable market. Many of them have not received any attention yet. Four Asian vegetables: (1) Korean ginseng sprout, (2) Korean cabbage, (3) Coastal hog fennel and (4) Japanese (Chinese or Korean) angelica tree, are further discussed. All of these vegetables possess several health benefits, are increasingly in demand, are easy to cultivate, and align with current trends of the European vegetable market, e.g., vegetables having a unique taste, higher value, are decorative and small. Introducing Asian vegetables will enhance the diversity of nutritious horticultural products in Europe, associated with all their respective consumption benefits. Future research on the Asian vegetable market within Europe is needed. In addition, experimental studies of Asian vegetables under practical conditions for their production in different European environments are required. Economic, social, and ecological aspects also ought to be considered.

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5

Verbovoy, Andrey F., A. V. Pashentseva, and L. A. Sharonova. "Obesity and cardiovascular system." Clinical Medicine (Russian Journal) 95, no. 1 (March 13, 2017): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0023-2149-2017-95-1-31-35.

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Obesity is a serious medico-social and economic problem. Increased body mass index is associated with a rise in the general mortality rate and mortality due to cardiovascular diseases. In this article, modern views of the influence of obesity on the cardiovascular system are considered.

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6

Lee, Z. S. K., J. A. J. H. Critchley, G. T. C. Ko, P. J. Anderson, G. N. Thomas, R. P. Young, T. Y. K. Chan, C. S. Cockram, B. Tomlinson, and J. C. N. Chan. "Obesity and cardiovascular risk factors in Hong Kong Chinese." Obesity Reviews 3, no. 3 (August 2002): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1467-789x.2002.00066.x.

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7

Chair, S. Y., K. C. Choi, T. F. D. Lee, M. L. E. Wong, W. H. C. Chan, W. H. J. Sit, and W. K. W. So. "P069 Central Obesity among Chinese Patients with Heart Disease." International Journal of Cardiology 147 (March 2011): S29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-5273(11)70095-x.

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8

Csige, Imre, Dóra Ujvárosy, Zoltán Szabó, István Lőrincz, György Paragh, Mariann Harangi, and Sándor Somodi. "The Impact of Obesity on the Cardiovascular System." Journal of Diabetes Research 2018 (November 4, 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3407306.

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Obesity is a growing health problem worldwide. It is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk on the one hand of obesity itself and on the other hand of associated medical conditions (hypertension, diabetes, insulin resistance, and sleep apnoea syndrome). Obesity has an important role in atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. Obesity leads to structural and functional changes of the heart, which causes heart failure. The altered myocardial structure increases the risk of atrial fibrillation and sudden cardiac death. However, obesity also has a protective effect on the clinical outcome of underlying cardiovascular disease, the phenomenon called obesity paradox. The improved cardiac imaging techniques allow the early detection of altered structure and function of the heart in obese patients. In this review, we attempt to summarize the relationship between obesity and cardiovascular diseases and outline the underlying mechanisms. The demonstrated new techniques of cardiac diagnostic procedures allow for the early detection and treatment of subclinical medical conditions and, therefore, the prevention of cardiovascular events.

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9

Cheng, Tsung O. "Fast food, automobiles, television and obesity epidemic in Chinese children." International Journal of Cardiology 98, no. 1 (January 2005): 173–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2004.08.019.

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10

&NA;. "F-14 Thematic Poster - Obesity and the Cardiovascular System." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 46 (May 2014): 712–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000451253.72444.1b.

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11

Li, Rui, Wei Lu, Jian Jia, Shengnian Zhang, Liang Shi, Yanyun Li, Qundi Yang, and Haidong Kan. "Relationships Between Indices of Obesity and Its Cardiovascular Comorbidities in a Chinese Population." Circulation Journal 72, no. 6 (2008): 973–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1253/circj.72.973.

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12

Hsu, Hua-Shui, Chiu-Shong Liu, F. Xavier Pi-Sunyer, Chih-Hsueh Lin, Chia-Ing Li, Cheng-Chieh Lin, Tsai-Chung Li, and Wen-Yuan Lin. "The associations of different measurements of obesity with cardiovascular risk factors in Chinese." European Journal of Clinical Investigation 41, no. 4 (November 26, 2010): 393–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2362.2010.02421.x.

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13

Lu, Jieli, Yufang Bi, Tiange Wang, Weiqing Wang, Yiming Mu, Jiajun Zhao, Chao Liu, et al. "The relationship between insulin-sensitive obesity and cardiovascular diseases in a Chinese population." International Journal of Cardiology 172, no. 2 (March 2014): 388–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.01.073.

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14

Zhao, Xue, Wenyan Duan, Chenglin Sun, Zhuo Li, Yujia Liu, Xianchao Xiao, Gang Wang, Xiaokun Gang, and Guixia Wang. "Decreased Cardiovascular Risk after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery in Chinese Diabetic Patients with Obesity." Journal of Diabetes Research 2017 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5612049.

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Background. The influence of bariatric surgery on cardiovascular risks in Chinese diabetic patients remains unclear. Here, we aimed to explore the impact of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) on cardiovascular risks in Chinese diabetic patients with obesity. Methods. Twenty Chinese patients with T2DM and obesity undergoing RYGB surgery were included in this study. Cardiovascular risk factors were measured before and 18 months after surgery. A 10-year cardiovascular risk was calculated by the UKPDS risk engine. Linear regression analysis was performed on CHD risk, stroke risk, and baseline metabolic parameters. Results. The complete remission rate of diabetes was 90% after RYGB surgery, with significant improvements in blood pressure, BMI, glucose, and lipid metabolism (P<0.05). The 10-year cardiovascular risk of coronary heart disease reduced from 13.05% to 3.81% (P=0.001) and the 10-year risk of stroke reduced from 19.66% to 14.22% (P=0.002). In subgroup analysis, Chinese diabetic patients who were women, <45 years old, with BMI < 35 kg/m2, and DM duration > 5 years, using noninsulin therapy presented more obvious improvements in the 10-year cardiovascular risk after RYGB surgery. WHR, age, LDL-C, and HbA1c were the most important factors influencing CHD or stroke risk after RYGB surgery (P<0.01). Conclusion. RYGB surgery is an effective treatment to reduce cardiovascular risk in Chinese diabetic patients with obesity.

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15

Kazmi, A. R., M. Ismail, and M. Qaiser. "e0314 Association of obesity with renin-angiotensin system." Heart 96, Suppl 3 (October 1, 2010): A98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/hrt.2010.208967.314.

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16

Miklishanskaya, S. V., L. V. Solomasova, and M. A. Mazur. "Obesity and Mechanisms of its Negative Impact on the Cardiovascular System." Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology 16, no. 1 (March 2, 2020): 108–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.20996/1819-6446-2020-02-09.

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Currently, the number of obese people in the world is constantly increasing. Obesity has a direct negative impact on the heart and blood vessels, which can be considered not only as an appropriate response to an increase in the volume of circulating blood due to an increase in body weight, but also as a side tissue reaction of the myocardium to hormonal and metabolic changes inherent in obesity. Our review is devoted to the description of the mechanisms of influence of obesity on the structural and functional parameters of the heart, which create prerequisites for the development of cardiovascular diseases, as well as the existing contradictions. Currently, the accumulated data suggest that an excessive amount of adipose tissue, in addition to metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance, imbalance of adipokines and inflammation markers, leading to the development of lipotoxicity, can directly penetrate the myocardium and cause violations of its contractile properties, as well as affect the conduction of excitation pulses and provoke the development of rhythm and conduction disorders. The development of endothelial dysfunction in obesity ultimately leads to the development of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. In addition, obesity contributes to the emergence of risk factors for hypertension, diabetes, atrial fibrillation, chronic heart failure, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Given the differences in the literature on the effect of obesity on long-term outcomes in patients with cardiovascular diseases, it is important to conduct prospective studies on the role of individual factors and their combinations that affect the mortality of patients with cardiovascular diseases.

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17

Yin, Dong, Yongxin Yan, Ning Xu, Yuan Hui, Guanjun Han, Ning Ma, Chuanhui Yang, and Guofeng Wang. "Predictive values of obesity categories for cardiovascular disease risk factors in Chinese adult population." Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 120, no. 5 (November 2, 2018): 7276–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.28002.

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18

Parati, Gianfranco. "Obesity, hypertension and the sympathetic nervous system." Journal of Hypertension 20, no. 5 (May 2002): 835–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004872-200205000-00013.

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19

Liu, Tong, Zili Fu, Panagiotis Korantzopoulos, Xiaowei Zhang, Shaohua Wang, and Guangping Li. "Effect of Obesity on P-Wave Parameters in a Chinese Population." Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology 15, no. 3 (July 13, 2010): 259–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1542-474x.2010.00373.x.

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20

Ji, Cheng Ye, and Tsung O. Cheng. "Epidemic increase in overweight and obesity in Chinese children from 1985 to 2005." International Journal of Cardiology 132, no. 1 (February 2009): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2008.07.003.

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21

Xingang, Z. "Total and abdominal obesity among rural Chinese women and the association with hypertension." Heart 97, Suppl 3 (October 1, 2011): A106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2011-300867.314.

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22

Xiaoping, Chen, He Sen, Wang Yong, and Chen Xiaoping. "ESTIMATED 15-YEAR RATES OF PROGRESSION TO OBESITY IN A GENERAL CHINESE POPULATION." Heart 98, Suppl 2 (October 2012): E155.2—E155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2012-302920h.1.

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23

Chen, Xiankun, Huiying Zhu, Xiaojing Dang, Tao Chen, Yunxiang Fan, Gaetano Marrone, Wei Jiang, and Weihui Lu. "The Impact of Abdominal Obesity on Cardiopulmonary Fitness in Chinese Heart Failure Patients." Journal of Cardiac Failure 25, no. 8 (August 2019): S105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2019.07.300.

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24

Yao, Longbiao, Oana Herlea-Pana, Janet Heuser-Baker, Yitong Chen, and Jana Barlic-Dicen. "Roles of the Chemokine System in Development of Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Cardiovascular Disease." Journal of Immunology Research 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/181450.

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The escalating epidemic of obesity has increased the incidence of obesity-induced complications to historically high levels. Adipose tissue is a dynamic energy depot, which stores energy and mobilizes it during nutrient deficiency. Excess nutrient intake resulting in adipose tissue expansion triggers lipid release and aberrant adipokine, cytokine and chemokine production, and signaling that ultimately lead to adipose tissue inflammation, a hallmark of obesity. This low-grade chronic inflammation is thought to link obesity to insulin resistance and the associated comorbidities of metabolic syndrome such as dyslipidemia and hypertension, which increase risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. In this review, we focus on and discuss members of the chemokine system for which there is clear evidence of participation in the development of obesity and obesity-induced pathologies.

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25

Zhou, Jian-Bo, Chang Liu, Wen-Yan Niu, Zhong Xin, Mei Yu, Jian-Ping Feng, and Jin-Kui Yang. "Contributions of Renin-Angiotensin System-Related Gene Interactions to Obesity in a Chinese Population." PLoS ONE 7, no. 8 (August 6, 2012): e42881. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0042881.

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26

Barton, Matthias, Renata Carmona, Jana Ortmann, José E. Krieger, and Tobias Traupe. "Obesity-associated activation of angiotensin and endothelin in the cardiovascular system." International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology 35, no. 6 (June 2003): 826–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1357-2725(02)00307-2.

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27

Golbidi, Saeid, and Ismail Laher. "Exercise and the Cardiovascular System." Cardiology Research and Practice 2012 (2012): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/210852.

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There are alarming increases in the incidence of obesity, insulin resistance, type II diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. The risk of these diseases is significantly reduced by appropriate lifestyle modifications such as increased physical activity. However, the exact mechanisms by which exercise influences the development and progression of cardiovascular disease are unclear. In this paper we review some important exercise-induced changes in cardiac, vascular, and blood tissues and discuss recent clinical trials related to the benefits of exercise. We also discuss the roles of boosting antioxidant levels, consequences of epicardial fat reduction, increases in expression of heat shock proteins and endoplasmic reticulum stress proteins, mitochondrial adaptation, and the role of sarcolemmal and mitochondrial potassium channels in the contributing to the cardioprotection offered by exercise. In terms of vascular benefits, the main effects discussed are changes in exercise-induced vascular remodeling and endothelial function. Exercise-induced fibrinolytic and rheological changes also underlie the hematological benefits of exercise.

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28

Zhao, Dandan, Jie Wang, Yanjing Cui, and Xinfang Wu. "Pharmacological effects of Chinese herb aconite (Fuzi) on cardiovascular system." Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 32, no. 3 (September 2012): 308–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0254-6272(13)60030-8.

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29

Isganaitis, Elvira, and Robert H. Lustig. "Fast Food, Central Nervous System Insulin Resistance, and Obesity." Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 25, no. 12 (December 2005): 2451–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.atv.0000186208.06964.91.

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30

Shen, Jia, Abhinav Goyal, and Laurence Sperling. "The Emerging Epidemic of Obesity, Diabetes, and the Metabolic Syndrome in China." Cardiology Research and Practice 2012 (2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/178675.

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China is one of the fastest developing countries in the world. Rapid economic progress has resulted in changes to both diet and physical activity. New found prosperity, increased urban migration, and the adoption of sedentary lifestyles by an aging Chinese population have resulted in a dramatic shift in disease burden—from infectious to chronic. Modern Chinese find themselves increasingly afflicted with the same noncommunicable chronic diseases typical of industrialized nations. Today, cardiovascular disease is the number one cause of both morbidity and mortality, affecting both rural and urban Chinese. The rising incidence of cardiovascular disease has been fueled by an epidemic of cardiometabolic risk factors. While hypertension and smoking have received considerable spotlight, little attention has been given to obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Their increasing prevalence is the focus of this paper.

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31

Xie, Qi, Meng-lei Hao, Ling-bing Meng, Xiao-qin Zuo, Peng Guo, Yong Qiu, Qiang Wang, Na Zhang, and Min Lei. "Effect of eating habits on obesity in adolescents: a study among Chinese college students." Journal of International Medical Research 48, no. 3 (December 16, 2019): 030006051988973. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060519889738.

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Objective Obesity has been linked to cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and osteoarthritis. Obesity and overweight pose a serious threat to human health, with an estimated 190 million overweight and obese people worldwide. Thus, we investigated the influence of certain eating habits on weight among Chinese college students. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 536 college students in Shijiazhuang, China. The survey included questions about eating habits. We analyzed the relationship between participants’ responses and obesity. Results Sex, residence, speed of eating, number of meals eaten per day, and a diet high in sugar were found to be correlated with obesity. Our results suggest that increasing the number of meals per day, slowing down the pace of eating, and reducing the intake of high-sugar foods have potential benefits for reducing obesity among college students. Conclusions In the present study, we found that some dietary habits are related to the occurrence of obesity among college-aged individuals.

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32

Simonyi, Gábor, and Réka Kollár. "Obesity and hypertension." Orvosi Hetilap 154, no. 44 (November 2013): 1736–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/oh.2013.29738.

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The frequency of hypertension and obesity is gradually growing in Hungary. At present 68.5% of men and 78% of women are obese. Hypertension and obesity are the most important risk factors of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease. The relationship between increased sympathetic activity and hypertension is well known. Waist circumference and body fat mass correlate significantly with sympathetic activity, in which hyperlipidemia plays also a role. The increased activity of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system via its vascular and renal effects also contributes to an increase of blood pressure. Increased sympathetic activity with decreasing vagal tone accompanying the imbalance of the autonomous nervous system is independent and significant risk factor of cardiovascular events including sudden cardiac death. Orv. Hetil., 154 (44), 1736–1742.

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33

Dong, X., Y. Liu, J. Yang, Y. Sun, and L. Chen. "Efficiency of anthropometric indicators of obesity for identifying cardiovascular risk factors in a Chinese population." Postgraduate Medical Journal 87, no. 1026 (January 27, 2011): 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.2010.100453.

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34

Chang, C.-J., C.-H. Wu, W.-J. Yao, Y.-C. Yang, J.-S. Wu, and F.-H. Lu. "Relationships of age, menopause and central obesity on cardiovascular disease risk factors in Chinese women." International Journal of Obesity 24, no. 12 (December 2000): 1699–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0801457.

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35

Yao, Haizhou, Ying Dong, Zengwu Wang, Xin Wang, Zuo Chen, Linfeng Zhang, Congyi Zheng, Jiali Wang, and Yuting Kang. "A14501 Risk of Cardiovascular Disease among Middle-aged Chinese Population with Hypertension and Overweight/Obesity." Journal of Hypertension 36 (October 2018): e331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.hjh.0000549355.86801.7d.

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36

Thomas, G. Neil, Sai-Yin Ho, Karen S. L. Lam, Edward D. Janus, Anthony J. Hedley, and Tai Hing Lam. "Impact of Obesity and Body Fat Distribution on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Hong Kong Chinese." Obesity Research 12, no. 11 (November 2004): 1805–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/oby.2004.224.

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37

Zhao, Dong, Scott M. Grundy, Wei Wang, Jing Liu, Zhechun Zeng, Wenhua Wang, and Zhaosu Wu. "Ten-Year Cardiovascular Disease Risk of Metabolic Syndrome Without Central Obesity in Middle-Aged Chinese." American Journal of Cardiology 100, no. 5 (September 2007): 835–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2007.03.103.

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38

ZHAI, Y., W. H. ZHAO, and C. M. CHEN. "Verification of the cut-off waist circumference for defining central obesity in Chinese adults." International Journal of Cardiology 137 (October 2009): S101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.09.341.

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39

da Silva, Alexandre A., Jussara M. do Carmo, Zhen Wang, and John E. Hall. "The Brain Melanocortin System, Sympathetic Control, and Obesity Hypertension." Physiology 29, no. 3 (May 2014): 196–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiol.00061.2013.

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Excess weight gain is the most significant, preventable cause of increased blood pressure (BP) in patients with primary (essential) hypertension and increases the risk for cardiovascular and renal diseases. In this review, we discuss the role of the brain melanocortin system in causing increased sympathetic activity in obesity and other forms of hypertension. In addition, we highlight potential mechanisms by which the brain melanocortin system modulates metabolic and cardiovascular functions.

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40

Wang, Jie, Fei Lin, Li-li Guo, Xing-jiang Xiong, and Xun Fan. "Cardiovascular Disease, Mitochondria, and Traditional Chinese Medicine." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/143145.

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Recent studies demonstrated that mitochondria play an important role in the cardiovascular system and mutations of mitochondrial DNA affect coronary artery disease, resulting in hypertension, atherosclerosis, and cardiomyopathy. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used for thousands of years to treat cardiovascular disease, but it is not yet clear how TCM affects mitochondrial function. By reviewing the interactions between the cardiovascular system, mitochondrial DNA, and TCM, we show that cardiovascular disease is negatively affected by mutations in mitochondrial DNA and that TCM can be used to treat cardiovascular disease by regulating the structure and function of mitochondria via increases in mitochondrial electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation, modulation of mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, and decreases in mitochondrial ROS. However further research is still required to identify the mechanism by which TCM affects CVD and modifies mitochondrial DNA.

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Fan, Meiling, Jie Hong, Pik Nga Cheung, Shutong Tang, Jing Zhang, Songhao Hu, Shuwen Jiang, et al. "Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Obesity and Bariatric Surgery in Chinese Nurses." Obesity Surgery 30, no. 2 (November 22, 2019): 618–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11695-019-04173-z.

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Abstract Background Obesity has become a global epidemic. Surgical treatment of obesity and metabolic disorders in China is increasing rapidly, but it is still a new discipline even to health professionals. As an important member of the multidisciplinary team, the knowledge and attitudes of nurses provide crucial health care to the patients and support to surgeons. Objectives To study the Chinese nurses’ knowledge of obesity and metabolic disorders, and attitudes towards bariatric surgery and to improve their capability of work in this new discipline. Methods This is a multicenter study, with the questionnaire distributed to cooperative hospitals in the form of an electronic questionnaire by the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University in April 2018. A questionnaire was designed to investigate nurses’ demographic, knowledge, and attitude towards obesity, weight loss, and bariatric surgery. Results A total of 5311 questionnaires were received, with an effective rate of 91.8% (4878 questionnaires); 65.2% of nurses had a normal BMI. Nurses generally had a high knowledge of obesity and related cardiovascular diseases (98.6%) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (90.2%). However, there was a lack of knowledge in other related aspects, for example its relations to carcinoma (49.5%), gastroesophageal reflux disease (40.1%), and psychological disorders (49.1%), which are controversial issues in bariatric surgery. It was found that education (p < 0.05) had an important influence to nurses’ knowledge about the comorbidities of obesity. Female nurses had a higher tendency to choose weight loss than males, but male nurses did physical exercise more frequently than females (p < 0.05). Their acceptance of safety (25.1%) and efficacy (22.9%) of bariatric surgery is low, with concerns predominantly about postoperative complications and adverse effects. Surgical nurses had a more optimistic attitude towards surgery (p < 0.05). Conclusions Chinese nurses have poor knowledge of obesity-related metabolic disorders and also have poor acceptance of surgical treatment modalities. Our findings suggest that it is crucial to enhance the continuing education of Chinese nurses for obesity, metabolic disorders, and bariatric surgery.

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Segura, Julian, and Luis M. Ruilope. "Obesity, essential hypertension and renin–angiotensin system." Public Health Nutrition 10, no. 10A (October 2007): 1151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136898000700064x.

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AbstractAbdominal obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease worldwide, and it is becoming a dramatic issue for national health systems. Overweight and obesity are highly associated with multiple comorbidities, elevated blood pressure values, dyslipidaemia, reduced insulin sensitivity and alterations of large and minor vessels.Activation of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) in adipose tissue may represent an important link between obesity and hypertension. Angiotensin II has been shown to play a role in adipocyte growth and differentiation. Adipocytes also secrete adiponectin, enhancing insulin sensitivity and preventing atherosclerosis. Blockade of the RAS with either an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or an angiotensin II receptor blocker results in a substantial increase in adiponectin levels and improved insulin sensitivity. Obesity-related hypertension needs a comprehensive approach to treatment including both weight loss and pharmacological therapies. Antihypertensive drugs prescription should be based on guidelines recommendations for management of hypertension, taking into account the growing evidences about the relationship between some antihypertensive drugs and the development of new-onset diabetes.This review discusses the role of RAS in the relationship between obesity, essential hypertension and insulin resistance.

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Ghantous, C. M., Z. Azrak, S. Hanache, W. Abou-Kheir, and A. Zeidan. "Differential Role of Leptin and Adiponectin in Cardiovascular System." International Journal of Endocrinology 2015 (2015): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/534320.

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Leptin and adiponectin are differentially expressed adipokines in obesity and cardiovascular diseases. Leptin levels are directly associated with adipose tissue mass, while adiponectin levels are downregulated in obesity. Although significantly produced by adipocytes, leptin is also produced by vascular smooth muscle cells and cardiomyocytes. Plasma leptin concentrations are elevated in cases of cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension, congestive heart failure, and myocardial infarction. As for the event of left ventricular hypertrophy, researchers have been stirring controversy about the role of leptin in this form of cardiac remodeling. In this review, we discuss how leptin has been shown to play an antihypertrophic role in the development of left ventricular hypertrophy throughin vitroexperiments, population-based cross-sectional studies, and longitudinal cohort studies. Conversely, we also examine how leptin may actually promote left ventricular hypertrophy usingin vitroanalysis and human-based univariate and multiple linear stepwise regression analysis. On the other hand, as opposed to leptin’s generally detrimental effects on the cardiovascular system, adiponectin is a cardioprotective hormone that reduces left ventricular and vascular hypertrophy, oxidative stress, and inflammation. In this review, we also highlight adiponectin signaling and its protective actions on the cardiovascular system.

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Yang, Hui, Jiehui Zhao, Xueqin Deng, Isabella Tan, Mark Butlin, Alberto Avolio, and Junli Zuo. "Pulse wave velocity is decreased with obesity in an elderly Chinese population." Journal of Clinical Hypertension 21, no. 9 (August 30, 2019): 1379–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jch.13659.

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Luo, Wen-Shu, Fengmei Chen, Jun-Min Ji, and Zhi-Rong Guo. "Interaction of tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption with obesity on cardiovascular disease in a Chinese cohort." Coronary Artery Disease 31, no. 4 (June 2020): 372–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mca.0000000000000837.

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Hou, Ya-Ping, Qing-Qing He, Hai-Mei Ouyang, Hai-Shan Peng, Qun Wang, Jie Li, Xiao-Fei Lv, et al. "Human Gut Microbiota Associated with Obesity in Chinese Children and Adolescents." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7585989.

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Objective. To investigate the gut microbiota differences of obese children compared with the control healthy cohort to result in further understanding of the mechanism of obesity development. Methods. We evaluated the 16S rRNA gene, the enterotypes, and quantity of the gut microbiota among obese children and the control cohort and learned the differences of the gut microbiota during the process of weight reduction in obese children. Results. In the present study, we learned that the gut microbiota composition was significantly different between obese children and the healthy cohort. Next we found that functional changes, including the phosphotransferase system, ATP-binding cassette transporters, flagellar assembly, and bacterial chemotaxis were overrepresented, while glycan biosynthesis and metabolism were underrepresented in case samples. Moreover, we learned that the amount of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus increased among the obese children during the process of weight reduction. Conclusion. Our results might enrich the research between gut microbiota and obesity and further provide a clinical basis for therapy for obesity. We recommend that Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus might be used as indicators of healthy conditions among obese children, as well as a kind of prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity.

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Konstantinos Chandolias and Chrysoula Moscholouri. "Childhood obesity, effects on the cardiovascular system and quality of life: The role of physical therapy." International Journal of Science and Research Archive 2, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2021.2.1.0032.

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Childhood obesity is a global problem, with its prevalence in the developed world increasing fourfold in recent decades. Obesity in children is defined by the Body Mass Index and is responsible for many physical and psychological problems, as well as for reduced perceived quality of life. In recent years, it has become increasingly worrying that diseases affecting adult populations, such as diseases of the cardiorespiratory system, also affect children, as well as the health of adults who have been obese children. The involvement of physiotherapists in the treatment of obesity in children and adolescents can lead to a more understandable assessment and improved care and treatment of obesity.

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Galletly, Cherrie, Xiaoli Wu, Zili Han, and Dennis Liu. "M151. DIFFERENCES IN PATTERN OF OBESITY BETWEEN PEOPLE WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA LIVING IN CHINA AND IN AUSTRALIA." Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, Supplement_1 (April 2020): S192—S193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa030.463.

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Abstract Background People with psychotic disorders, including schizophrenia, suffer premature cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Obesity is a major factor in cardiometabolic disorders in this population. There has been very little research investigating differences in patterns of obesity in diverse ethnic populations. Guidelines for treatment of complex comorbidities in people with schizophrenia and related psychoses may need to provide specific recomendations for different ethnic groups. Methods The Chinese sample consisted 192 subjects were recruited from the outpatients and inpatients department of the psychiatry department of the third affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen. All enrolled subjects were Chinese Han ethnicity, aged 16–45 years, with a diagnosis of schizophrenia according to ICD-10 criteria for schizophrenia, excluding other acute psychiatric disorders. The Australian sample (N=1825) were drawn from the Survey of High Impact Psychosis. BMI and central obesity were measured in all subjects. Results 10.3% of men and 4.7% of women in the China sample were obese (BMI>30). In the Australian sample, 41.6% of men and 50.3% of women were obese. Overall, 7.8% of Chinese sample and 45.1% of the Australian sample were obese. However, amongst the non-obese China sample, 41.7% of men and 53.1% of women had central obesity; the mean for all non-obese Chinese people was 46.7%. 73% of non-obese Australian men and 81.5% of non-obese Australian women had central obesity; the mean for all non-obese Australians was 76%. Discussion Chinese Han people with schizophrenia have much lower rates of obesity than the Australian sample. In both groups, rates of abdominal obesity were higher than rates of obesity as defined by BMI. These ethnic differences may help in understanding the high rates of cardiometabolic disorder in people with psychotic disorders in Western countries. They may also inform interventions to assist Western people with psychoses to maintain better physical health.

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Northcott, Josette M., Azadeh Yeganeh, Carla G. Taylor, Peter Zahradka, and Jeffrey T. Wigle. "Adipokines and the cardiovascular system: mechanisms mediating health and disease." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 90, no. 8 (August 2012): 1029–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y2012-053.

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This review focuses on the role of adipokines in the maintenance of a healthy cardiovascular system, and the mechanisms by which these factors mediate the development of cardiovascular disease in obesity. Adipocytes are the major cell type comprising the adipose tissue. These cells secrete numerous factors, termed adipokines, into the blood, including adiponectin, leptin, resistin, chemerin, omentin, vaspin, and visfatin. Adipose tissue is a highly vascularised endocrine organ, and different adipose depots have distinct adipokine secretion profiles, which are altered with obesity. The ability of many adipokines to stimulate angiogenesis is crucial for adipose tissue expansion; however, excessive blood vessel growth is deleterious. As well, some adipokines induce inflammation, which promotes cardiovascular disease progression. We discuss how these 7 aforementioned adipokines act upon the various cardiovascular cell types (endothelial progenitor cells, endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, pericytes, cardiomyocytes, and cardiac fibroblasts), the direct effects of these actions, and their overall impact on the cardiovascular system. These were chosen, as these adipokines are secreted predominantly from adipocytes and have known effects on cardiovascular cells.

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Gao, Liwang, Meixian Zhang, and Jie Mi. "LBPS 01-06 GENETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS OF METABOLICALLY HEALTHY OBESITY IN CHINESE CHILDREN." Journal of Hypertension 34, Supplement 1 (September 2016): e175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.hjh.0000500376.66829.b3.

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