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Journal articles on the topic 'Cardol'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Arrieta, Alvaro Angel, Jorge Alberto Ducuara, and Enrique Miguel Combatt. "Valorization of cashew nut processing by-product: development of a cardol/starch biopolymer composite with electrochemical properties and technological potential." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 3, no. 6 (123) (2023): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2023.282208.

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The problem of food agro-industry residues represents a growing concern in our society, therefore its use as a raw material to obtain biopolymers of technological interest is an attractive alternative. The objective of this work was to assess the viability of utilizing cardol, derived from cashew nut shell liquid, in the production of a biopolymer composite by combining it with cassava starch. The biopolymer composite was prepared by thermochemical method using different cardol concentrations and varying the synthesis pH. The results allowed us to demonstrate the formation of cardol/starch bio

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2

Lemos, M. V. S., V. G. Araújo NETO, T. A. D. Mendes, et al. "Efeito de Diferentes Agentes Naturais Biomodificadores na Adesão À Dentina Hígida e Afetada por Cárie." Journal of Health Sciences 19, no. 5 (2018): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/2447-8938.2017v19n5p65.

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O presente estudo tem o objetivo de avaliar a influência de diferentes agentes naturais de biomodificação sobre a resistência de união (RU) resina-dentina, nanoinfiltração e micropermeabilidade em dentina hígida e afetada por cárie. Os fatores sob investigação são (1) pré-tratamento dentinário: álcool absoluto (controle negativo), proantocianidinas a 2% cardanol-metacrilato a 2%, cardol a 2%, cardol-metacrilato a 2% e epigalocatequina-3-galato (EGCG) a 0,1% (2) tipo de substrato dentinário: dentina hígida e dentina afetada por cárie artificialmente. Microtração (n6), micropermeabilidade dentin

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3

Maia, Susana Joice Mendes, Nayara de Oliveira Souza, Diana Araújo Cunha, et al. "Efeito antibacteriano do cardol sobre bactérias orais associadas à cárie dentária e à periodontite apical crônica." Brazilian Journal of Health Review 6, no. 3 (2023): 11799–814. http://dx.doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv6n3-269.

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O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar, in vitro, o potencial antibacteriano do cardol, um derivado do LCC, sobre bactérias orais associadas a cárie dentária e a periodontite apical crônica. Para isso, os ensaios foram realizados em cultura de células planctônicas e em biofilme, utilizando as cepas Streptococcus mutans UA159, Streptococcus parasanguinis ATCC903 e Enterococcus faecalis ATCC19433, ajustadas na concentração de 2 x 106 μg/mL. Inicialmente, as cepas foram submetidas à técnica de microdiluição seriada na presença de cardol em diferentes concentrações (0.78 a 50 μg/mL) para dete

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4

Alvarenga, Tavane Aparecida, Osvaine Júnior Alvarenga Alves, Mariana Cintra Pagotti, et al. "In vitro antileishmanial activity of Anacardium othonianum and isolated compounds against Leishmania amazonensis." Acta Brasiliensis 5, no. 1 (2021): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22571/2526-4338429.

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This study analyzes the antileishmanial activity of the crude ethanol extract, fractions, and isolated compounds of A. othonianum nuts. Antileishmanial activity was evaluated against Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes in vitro. The phytochemical study was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry-diode array detector (HPLC-HRMS-DAD) and by preparative HPLC. HPLC-HRMS-DAD analysis of the bioactive extract confirmed the presence of ten alkyl phenol derivatives that had previously been isolated from A. occidentale. Bioassay-guided isolation afforded c

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5

Diogenes, Maria Jose N., Selene M. Morais, and Fernando F. Carvalho. "Perioral Contact Dermatitis by Cardol." International Journal of Dermatology 34, no. 1 (1995): 72–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4362.1995.tb04388.x.

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6

Arrieta, Alvaro A., Yamid Nuñez de la Rosa, and Manuel Palencia. "Electrochemistry Study of Bio-Based Composite Biopolymer Electrolyte—Starch/Cardol." Polymers 15, no. 9 (2023): 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15091994.

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The environmental problems generated by pollution due to polymers of petrochemical origin have led to the search for eco-friendly alternatives such as the development of biopolymers or bio-based polymers. The aim of this work was to evaluate the electrochemical behavior of a biopolymer composite made from cassava starch and cardol extracted from cashew nut shell liquid. The biopolymers were prepared using the thermochemical method, varying the synthesis pH and the cardol amounts. The biopolymers were synthesized in the form of films and characterized by cyclic voltamperometry and electrochemic

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7

Matutino Bastos, Tanira, Helena Mannochio Russo, Nilmar Silvio Moretti, et al. "Chemical Constituents of Anacardium occidentale as Inhibitors of Trypanosoma cruzi Sirtuins." Molecules 24, no. 7 (2019): 1299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24071299.

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Benznidazole and nifurtimox, the only drugs available for the treatment of Chagas disease, have limited efficacy and have been associated with severe adverse side effects. Thus, there is an urgent need to find new biotargets for the identification of novel bioactive compounds against the parasite and with low toxicity. Silent information regulator 2 (Sir2) enzymes, or sirtuins, have emerged as attractive targets for the development of novel antitrypanosomatid agents. In the present work, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of natural compounds isolated from cashew nut (Anacardium occidentale, L

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8

Deszcz, Luiza, and Arkadiusz Kozubek. "Higher cardol homologs (5-alkylresorcinols) in rye seedlings." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids 1483, no. 2 (2000): 241–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1388-1981(99)00187-0.

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9

M. M. Makame, Y., E. B. Mubofu, and M. A. Kombo. "Synthesis and characterization of polyesters from renewable cardol." Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia 30, no. 2 (2016): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v30i2.11.

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10

Gaitán-Jiménez, Sandra-Yaneth, Luz-Patricia Restrepo-Sánchez, Fabián Parada-Alfonso, and Carlos-Eduardo Narváez-Cuenca. "Cashew (Anacardium occidentale) Nut-Shell Liquid as Antioxidant in Bulk Soybean Oil." Molecules 27, no. 24 (2022): 8733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27248733.

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Recently, natural antioxidants for the food industry have become an important focus. Cashew nut-shell liquid (CNSL) is composed of compounds that can act as natural antioxidants in food systems. The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of CNSL and its components to act as natural antioxidants in a bulk oil system. CNSL was treated with calcium hydroxide to obtain two fractions [cardol/cardanols acid fraction (CCF) and anacardic acid fraction (AF)]. CNSL, FF and AF were analyzed by thin-layer chromatography and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The protective effects of CNSL, C

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11

Soares, Vyvian Dias Miranda, Rubens Santos Barreto, Vilisaimon da Silva de Jesus, et al. "Pharmacological Activities of the Phenolic Constituents from Anacardium occidentale L. (Anacardiaceae): A Systematic Review." Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais 24, no. 4 (2024): 134–44. https://doi.org/10.70151/9yzqbx06.

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The phenolic compounds present in cashew nut shell liquid (Anacardium occidentale L.– Anacardiaceae) present several pharmacological activities that justify the high number of research studies using these compounds. Among these molecules we can highlight the phenolic constituents such as anacardic acid, cardanol and cardol. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the pharmacological activities of anacardic acids, cardol and cardanol described in scientific studies published in the literature. The PRISMA methodology was used to perform the bibliographic search applied to the LILACS

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12

Dute, J. C. J. "G. Cardol e.a. (red.), Jongensbesnijdenis bezien vanuit mensenrechtelijk perspectief." Tijdschrift voor Gezondheidsrecht 40, no. 7 (2016): 490–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5553/tvgr/016508742016040007011.

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13

Anwar, Muslih, Nining Dwi Rahayu, and Tutik Dwi Wahyuningsih. "Isolation and Green Methylation of Cardanol from Cashew Nut Shell Liquid." Materials Science Forum 1061 (May 26, 2022): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-9vojtn.

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In this work, cardanol was isolated from decarboxylated Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) and then methylated using a green reagent, dimethyl carbonate (DMC). The decarboxylated CNSL was obtained from the mechanical press method and followed by heating at 140 °C for 1 hour. Afterward, cardanol was isolated using methanol and ammonium hydroxide, and then extracted with n-hexane. Methylation of cardanol was carried out by the use of DMS and green reagent of DMC, and some variation was done to get the optimum condition, such as variation of the type of phase transfer catalyst (PTC), amount of base K

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14

Tocco, Graziella, Antonella Fais, Gabriele Meli, et al. "PEG-immobilization of cardol and soluble polymer-supported synthesis of some cardol–coumarin derivatives: Preliminary evaluation of their inhibitory activity on mushroom tyrosinase." Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 19, no. 1 (2009): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.11.020.

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15

Zhuang, Jiang-Xing, Yong-Hua Hu, Mei-Hua Yang, et al. "Irreversible Competitive Inhibitory Kinetics of Cardol Triene on Mushroom Tyrosinase." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 58, no. 24 (2010): 12993–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf103723k.

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16

Bruce, I. E., A. Long, P. B. Payne, and J. H. P. Tyman. "Preparative HPLC Separation of the Unsaturated Constituents of Cardanol and Cardol." Journal of Liquid Chromatography 13, no. 10 (1990): 2103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01483919008049016.

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17

Khothijah, S., Edi Erwan, and E. Irawati. "Performa Ayam Broiler yang Diberi Ekstrak Daun Jambu Mete (Anacardium occidentale Linn) dalam Air Minum." Jurnal Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan 19, no. 1 (2021): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jintp.19.1.19-23.

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Cashew leaves (Anacardium occidentale Linn) is a plant that can be used as a natural antibiotic because it contains flavonoids, tannins, anacardiol acid, elagic acid, phenol compounds, cardol, and methyl cardol. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of giving several levels of consumption of cashew leaf extract in drinking water on the performance of broilers including ration consumption, drinking water consumption, body weight gain, and ration conversion. This study used 80 doc broilers which were divided randomly based on a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 4 rep

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18

Cruz, S. M. L., N. Guimarães, J. S. Mendonça, S. L. Santiago, and V. P. Feitosa. "Efeitos da Incorporação de Agentes de Biomodificação em Adesivo Convencional na Variação de Módulo e Peso da Dentina Desmineralizada." Journal of Health Sciences 19, no. 5 (2018): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/2447-8938.2017v19n5p186.

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O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o potencial biomodificador dentinário de diferentes agentes naturais incorporados ao sistema adesivo OptiBond S (OB) e seu efeito no grau de conversão (GC). Testou-se o líquido da casca da castanha de caju (LCC), seus constituintes purificados (Cardol e Cardanol) e proantocianidinas (PAC) do extrato da semente de uva por meio da alteração de massa (OM) e determinação do módulo de elasticidade (ME) de barras de dentina desmineralizadas. O GC dos adesivos foi avaliado por espectroscopia Raman. Quatro adesivos (LCC, cardol, cardanol e PAC) foram preparados com 1%

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19

Diogenes, Maria Jose Nogueira, Maria D. O. Livramento Leitao Vilar, Jaime Afonso Coelho Nogueira Diogenes, et al. "Detection of sensitivity to cardol in north-eastern and south-eastern Brazil." Contact Dermatitis 52, no. 5 (2005): 293–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0105-1873.2005.0573j.x.

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20

Lv, Jie, Zhuoyu Liu, Jie Zhang, Jizhen Huo, and Yingfeng Yu. "Bio-based episulfide composed of cardanol/cardol for anti-corrosion coating applications." Polymer 121 (July 2017): 286–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2017.06.036.

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21

Maia, Francisco J. N., Viviane G. Ribeiro, Claudenilson S. Clemente, Diego Lomonaco, Pedro H. M. Vasconcelos, and Selma E. Mazzetto. "Thermo-oxidative evaluation of new cardol derivatives as antioxidants for mineral oils." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 109, no. 2 (2011): 1013–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-011-1870-5.

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22

Zhang, Zijie, Ren Liu, and Jing Luo. "Silicone modified cardol based UV-curable coating with antifouling and anticorrosion performance." Progress in Organic Coatings 204 (July 2025): 109266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109266.

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23

Souza, N. O., R. S. Sousa, C. P. Isolan, R. R. Moraes, M. E. M. Moura, and V. P. Feitosa. "Eficiência de Agentes Naturais de Biomodificação Dentinária no Grau de Conversão e Adesão Intrarradicular de Pino de Fibra de Vidro." Journal of Health Sciences 19, no. 5 (2018): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/2447-8938.2017v19n5p128.

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O objetivo foi avaliar os efeitos de agentes biomodificadores dentinários como pré-tratamento na cimentação de pinos de fibra de vidro. As soluções foram preparadas e os grupos foram divididos de acordo com os agentes biomodificadores: proantocianidina da semente da uva (PAC), cardol e cardanol (extraídos do líquido da castanha de caju) e controle negativo (sem tratamento). As soluções foram aplicadas antes do sistema adesivo em 20 raízes de dentes unirradiculares (n5) extraídos e então os pinos de fibra de vidro foram cimentados com cimento resinoso RelyX ARC (3M). As fatias para o teste de p

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24

Nwosu, N. B., E. E. Okoronko, D. K. Njoku, and P. O. Emole. "Extraction Characterization of Oils Extracted from different Parts of Red and Yellow Varieties of Anacardium occidentale (Lin)." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 28, no. 1 (2024): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v28i1.7.

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The objective of this study was to extract and characterized the oils from different parts of red and yellow varieties of Anacardium occidentale after extractions using Soxhlet extractor and steam distillation techniques and characterization of the bioactive components using GC/MS analysis. Physicochemical parameters of the extracted oils were analyzed, and the bioactive compositions were also examined. The results showed that the oils extracted were within 0 and 0.5% moisture content and pH values ranged from 3.7 to 4.7. The average relative densities of the extracted oils by Soxhlet extracti

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25

Ribeiro, M. M., A. F. Gonzalez, S. L. Santiago, C. A. G. A. Costa, and N. L. G. Albuquerque. "Ação de Agentes Naturais na Biomodificação Dentinaria: Revisão de Literatura." Journal of Health Sciences 19, no. 5 (2018): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/2447-8938.2017v19n5p43.

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Nesse contexto, o objetivo dessa revisão de literatura foi investigar agentes naturais por apresentarem baixa toxicidade além de serem recursos sustentáveis, viáveis para uso odontológico, que se apresentam como potenciais agentes biomodificadores. Para isso, foram selecionados artigos publicados entre os anos 2000 e 2017 na língua inglesa, usando as base de dados PubMed, Bireme e Scielo com. Foi possível constatar na literatura que agentes como as proantocianidinas (PACs), epigalocatequina-3-galato (EGCG) entre outras catequinas, resveratrol, cardol, cardanol, PA oligoméricas, genipina, hespe

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26

Filippone, Paolino, Giuseppe Vasapollo, Riccardo Amorati, et al. "Synthesis of New Cardanol and Cardol Derivatives by Allylation and Regioselective Cyclocarbonylation Reactions." Synthesis, no. 18 (2002): 2749–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2002-35983.

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27

Kozubek, Arkadiusz. "Higher Cardol Homologues (5-Alkenylresorcinols) from Rye Affect the Red Cell Membrane-Water Transport." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 40, no. 1-2 (1985): 80–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1985-1-216.

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The influence of 5-heptadecenylresorcinol and total rye 5-alkenylresorcinols isolated from rye grains on the red blood cell water permeability was studied using osmotic shrinkage experiments performed in 300 mᴍ sucrose. The studied compounds induced significant increase of erythrocyte water permeability. The threshold concentration needed for the increase of water permeability was in an order of 10-6mol/l. The temperature dependence of the observed process showed the discontinuity which was related to the 5-alkenylresorcinol transition temperatures. It was shown also that alkenylresorcinols

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28

Bloise, Ermelinda, Maria Rosaria Lazzoi, Lucia Mergola, Roberta Del Sole, and Giuseppe Mele. "Advances in Nanomaterials Based on Cashew Nut Shell Liquid." Nanomaterials 13, no. 17 (2023): 2486. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13172486.

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Cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), obtained as a byproduct of the cashew industry, represents an important natural source of phenolic compounds, with important environmental benefits due to the large availability and low cost of the unique renewable starting material, that can be used as an alternative to synthetic substances in many industrial applications. The peculiarity of the functional groups of CNSL components, such as phenolic hydroxyl, the aromatic ring, acid functionality, and unsaturation(s) in the C15 alkyl side chain, permitted the design of interesting nanostructures. Cardanol (CA),

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29

Gutiérrez, Diego G., Gustavo F. Scarpa, and Cintia N. Rosso. "Nuevas evidencias históricas del siglo XVIII sobre la presencia de “cardos” en Argentina y sus implicancias etnobotánicas." Boletín de la Sociedad Argentina de Botánica 55, no. 2 (2020): 295–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.31055/1851.2372.v55.n2.26407.

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Introducción y objetivos: Actualmente numerosas especies, nativas y exóticas, llamadas “cardos” están ampliamente distribuidas en Argentina. Durante el siglo XVIII varias publicaciones jesuíticas mencionaron “cardos” en este país, como el trabajo ilustrado de Florián Paucke. El objetivo principal del trabajo es recopilar, de las fuentes escritas del siglo XVIII, los registros de plantas denominadas como “cardos” o nombres similares; en segundo lugar, identificar a nivel de especie las entidades mencionadas por Paucke como “azafrán”, “cardo” y “cardo hortense”; y finalmente, discutir las implic

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30

Hermans, Mariëtte. "Interview met Goos Cardol, lector Opvoeden in het publieke domein: ‘Die voetbaltrainer geeft ook steun’." Vakblad Sociaal Werk 19, no. 1 (2018): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12459-018-0006-4.

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31

Maia, F., V. Ribeiro, M. Almeida, D. Lomonaco, J. Mafezoli, and S. Mazzetto. "Study of Antioxidant Activity of a Phenyl Phosphorylated Compound Derived from Hydrogenated Cardol by Thermogravimetric Analysis." British Journal of Applied Science & Technology 3, no. 3 (2013): 546–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/bjast/2014/3046.

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32

Teixeira Bezerra, Thayllan, Mayara Oliveira de Almeida, Nayane Maria de Amorim Lima, et al. "In vitro antileishmanial activity of sustainable anacardic acid and cardol based silver nanoparticles on L. braziliensis." International Journal of Pharmaceutics 619 (May 2022): 121698. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121698.

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33

Begum, Parvin, Yasuyuki Hashidoko, Md Tofazzal Islam, Yuko Ogawa, and Satoshi Tahara. "Zoosporicidal Activities of Anacardic Acids against Aphanomyces cochlioides." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 57, no. 9-10 (2002): 874–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2002-9-1020.

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The EtOAc soluble constituents of the unripe fruits of Ginkgo biloba showed motility inhibition followed by lysis of zoospores of the phytopathogenic Aphanomyces cochlioides. We purified 22:1-ω7-anacardic acid (1), 24:1-ω9-anacardic acid (2) and 22:0-anacardic acid (3), together with other related compounds, 21:1-ω7-cardol (4) and 21:1-ω7-cardanol (5) from the crude extracts of Ginkgo fruits. Amongst them, compound 1 was a major active agent in quality and quantity, and showed potent motility inhibition (98% in 30 min) followed by lysis (55% in 3 h) of the zoospores at 1 × 10−7 m. The 2-O-meth

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Masuoka, Noriyoshi, Ken-ichi Nihei, Takayoshi Masuoka, Kouhei Kuroda, Kenji Sasaki, and Isao Kubo. "The Inhibition of Uric Acid Formation Catalyzed by Xanthine Oxidase Properties of the Alkyl Caffeates and Cardol." Journal of Food Research 1, no. 3 (2012): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v1n3p257.

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Xanthine oxidase inhibitors may serve as therapeutic agents for hyperuricaemia and/or oxidative stress. From our continuing investigation, we proposed that some inhibitors for reactions catalyzed by xanthine oxidase consisted of a head portion and a tail portion and that each portion had different functions for inhibition. In a previous study on the effect of alkyl gallates on the uric acid formation catalyzed by xanthine oxidase it was shown that the alkyl chain length needs to be longer than C<sub>6</sub> to exert inhibitory activity. In the current study, compounds having differ

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35

Siheri, Weam, Godwin U. Ebiloma, John O. Igoli, et al. "Isolation of a Novel Flavanonol and an Alkylresorcinol with Highly Potent Anti-Trypanosomal Activity from Libyan propolis." Molecules 24, no. 6 (2019): 1041. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24061041.

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Twelve propolis samples from different parts of Libya were investigated for their phytochemical constituents. Ethanol extracts of the samples and some purified compounds were tested against Trypanosoma brucei, Plasmodium falciparum and against two helminth species, Trichinella spiralis and Caenorhabditis elegans, showing various degrees of activity. Fourteen compounds were isolated from the propolis samples, including a novel compound Taxifolin-3-acetyl-4’-methyl ether (4), a flavanonol derivative. The crude extracts showed moderate activity against T. spiralis and C. elegans, while the purifi

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Roy, Audrey, Pauline Fajardie, Bénédicte Lepoittevin, et al. "CNSL, a Promising Building Blocks for Sustainable Molecular Design of Surfactants: A Critical Review." Molecules 27, no. 4 (2022): 1443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27041443.

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Surfactants are crystallizing a certain focus for consumer interest, and their market is still expected to grow by 4 to 5% each year. Most of the time these surfactants are of petroleum origin and are not often biodegradable. Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) is a promising non-edible renewable resource, directly extracted from the shell of the cashew nut. The interesting structure of CNSL and its components (cardanol, anacardic acid and cardol) lead to the synthesis of biobased surfactants. Indeed, non-ionic, anionic, cationic and zwitterionic surfactants based on CNSL have been reported in the

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Makwana, Ketan, Amol B. Ichake, Vinayak Valodkar, G. Padmanaban, Manohar V. Badiger, and Prakash P. Wadgaonkar. "Cardol: Cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) - derived starting material for the preparation of partially bio-based epoxy resins." European Polymer Journal 166 (March 2022): 111029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111029.

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38

Halid, Nurhatidjah Awaliyah, and Ahmad Saleh. "Uji Stabilitas Fisik Ekstrak Etanol Daun Jambu Mete (Anacardium occidentale L. ) Dalam Formulasi Sediaan Emulgel AntiInflamasi." Jurnal Mandala Pharmacon Indonesia 5, no. 01 (2019): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.35311/jmpi.v5i01.36.

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Jambu mete (Anacardium occidentale L.) merupakan tanaman yang tumbuh subur di Sulawesi tenggara. Secara tradisional daun Anacardium occidentalis digunakan sebagai antiinflamasi. Daun Anacardium occidentalis mengandung berbagai senyawa aktif seperti flavonoid, asam anakardik, beta-sitosterol, cardol, asam linoleat, asam salisilat serta tannin. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian eksperimental. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mencanangkan formulasi ekstrak etanol daun Anacardium occidentalis dalam bentuk sediaan emulgel, serta mengevaluasi stabilitas sediaan emulgel t

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Compton, Chandler, Omar M. Peña, Chie Hikita, et al. "Effects of Cashew Nut Shell Extract on Ruminal Fermentation and Nutrient Digestibility under Continuous Culture." Ruminants 3, no. 1 (2023): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ruminants3010008.

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The overall objective of this study was to determine the dose response to four levels of cashew nut shell extract in a granulated form (CNSE, containing 59% anacardic acid and 18% cardol) on culture pH, rumen fermentation metabolites, and apparent nutrient digestibility in continuous culture fermenters. The study was conducted as a generalized randomized complete block design with four treatments and four replications per treatment. The four treatments were randomly assigned to eight fermenters for two incubation runs of 10 d. Treatments consisted of (1) Control (CO, no CNSE), (2) Control plus

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Lee, Youngseo, Jihye Lee, Kang-Bong Lee, Won-Yong Lee, and Yeonhee Lee. "Quantitative Detection of Thitsiol and Urushiol as Markers from the Gluta usitata Lacquer Tree Using HPLC." Molecules 29, no. 1 (2023): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29010149.

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Lacquer sap has been traditionally used in coatings and artwork. Suitable types of lacquer are required to preserve and restore artifacts. Recently, unsuitable cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) has often been mixed with lacquer sap, so it is necessary to identify the characteristics of lacquer sap by the production area. However, research is still focused on urushiol and laccol. In this study, Myanmarese lacquer sap collected from Gluta usitata, which contains thitsiol as the main component, was analyzed by HPLC to quantify thitsiol using the standards 3-(10-phenyldecyl) benzene-1,2-diol (thitsio

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Murata, Wakae, Toshio Tanaka, Isao Kubo та Ken-ichi Fujita. "Protective Effects of α-Tocopherol and Ascorbic Acid against Cardol-Induced Cell Death and Reactive Oxygen Species Generation in Staphylococcus aureus". Planta Medica 79, № 09 (2013): 768–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1328555.

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Inoue, Kengo, Hiroshi Habe, Hisakazu Yamane, and Hideaki Nojiri. "Characterization of Novel Carbazole Catabolism Genes from Gram-Positive Carbazole Degrader Nocardioides aromaticivorans IC177." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, no. 5 (2006): 3321–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.72.5.3321-3329.2006.

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ABSTRACT Nocardioides aromaticivorans IC177 is a gram-positive carbazole degrader. The genes encoding carbazole degradation (car genes) were cloned into a cosmid clone and sequenced partially to reveal 19 open reading frames. The car genes were clustered into the carAaCBaBbAcAd and carDFE gene clusters, encoding the enzymes responsible for the degradation of carbazole to anthranilate and 2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate and of 2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate to pyruvic acid and acetyl coenzyme A, respectively. The conserved amino acid motifs proposed to bind the Rieske-type [2Fe-2S] cluster and mononuc

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Muntjewerff, Antoinette. "Goos Cardol, Trudy Veerman, Annemieke Wolthuis (red.), Jongensbesnijdenis bezien vanuit mensenrechtelijk perspectief, Stichting NJCM-Boekerij 56 (Leiden: Stichting NJCM-Boekerij, 2015) 97 p." Netherlands Journal of Legal Philosophy 46, no. 1 (2017): 103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5553/njlp/221307132017046001006.

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Hengphasatporn, Kowit, Kitiporn Plaimas, Apichat Suratanee, et al. "Target Identification Using Homopharma and Network-Based Methods for Predicting Compounds Against Dengue Virus-Infected Cells." Molecules 25, no. 8 (2020): 1883. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25081883.

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Drug target prediction is an important method for drug discovery and design, can disclose the potential inhibitory effect of active compounds, and is particularly relevant to many diseases that have the potential to kill, such as dengue, but lack any healing agent. An antiviral drug is urgently required for dengue treatment. Some potential antiviral agents are still in the process of drug discovery, but the development of more effective active molecules is in critical demand. Herein, we aimed to provide an efficient technique for target prediction using homopharma and network-based methods, wh

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Yuliana, Maria, Bich Thuyen Nguyen-Thi, Sitti Faika, Lien Huong Huynh, Felycia Edi Soetaredjo, and Yi-Hsu Ju. "Separation and purification of cardol, cardanol and anacardic acid from cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) nut-shell liquid using a simple two-step column chromatography." Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers 45, no. 5 (2014): 2187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2014.07.012.

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Belgis Belgis. "Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity of Phenolic Compound From Anacardium Occidentale Leaf Extract." Jurnal Medika Nusantara 2, no. 2 (2024): 01–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.59680/medika.v2i2.983.

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Indonesia is known for its high biodiversity, particularly in herbal medicine, with cashew trees being one of the most used plants. Cashew leaves contain proteins, fats, carbohydrates, calcium, and vitamins B1 and B2. They are used as herbal medicine in various parts of Indonesia, including kidney disease treatment, mouthwash, and kanker disease drugs. The ethanol extract from cashew leaves contains secondary metabolite compounds such as phenolic, flavonoids, and tannins. The bioactivity of cashews includes antiviral, antifungal, antibacterial, and anti-inflammation properties. The cardanol co

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Domínguez Iribe, Manuel. "Cardos." Plurentes. Artes y Letras, no. 14 (October 27, 2023): 073. http://dx.doi.org/10.24215/18536212e073.

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Nojiri, Hideaki, Jeong-Won Nam, Mikiko Kosaka, et al. "Diverse Oxygenations Catalyzed by Carbazole 1,9a-Dioxygenase from Pseudomonas sp. Strain CA10." Journal of Bacteriology 181, no. 10 (1999): 3105–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.181.10.3105-3113.1999.

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ABSTRACT Carbazole 1,9a-dioxygenase (CARDO) from Pseudomonas sp. strain CA10 is a multicomponent enzyme that catalyzes the angular dioxygenation of carbazole, dibenzofuran, and dibenzo-p-dioxin. It was revealed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance analyses that xanthene and phenoxathiin were converted to 2,2′,3-trihydroxydiphenylmethane and 2,2′,3-trihydroxydiphenyl sulfide, respectively. Thus, for xanthene and phenoxathiin, angular dioxygenation by CARDO occurred at the angular position adjacent to the oxygen atom to yield hetero ring-cleaved compo

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Fleming, Theodore H., Merlin D. Tuttle, and Margaret A. Horner. "Pollination Biology and the Relative Importance of Nocturnal and Diurnal Pollinators in Three Species of Sonoran Desert Columnar Cacti." Southwestern Naturalist 41, no. 3 (1996): 257–69. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13410872.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) We studied the pollination biology of three species of night-blooming columnar cacti (cardon, Pachycereuspringlei; saguaro, Carnegia gigantea; and organ pipe, Stenocereusthurberi) near Bahia Kino, Sonora, Mexico, by addressing two questions: (1) What is the relative importance of nocturnal (bats, moths) and diurnal (bees, birds) pollinators for fruit and seed set, and (2) To what extent do these cacti compete for pollinators? Honeybees had the highest visitation rates to flowers of the three species but are relatively ineffective pollinators.

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Fleming, Theodore H., Merlin D. Tuttle, and Margaret A. Horner. "Pollination Biology and the Relative Importance of Nocturnal and Diurnal Pollinators in Three Species of Sonoran Desert Columnar Cacti." Southwestern Naturalist 41, no. 3 (1996): 257–69. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13410872.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) We studied the pollination biology of three species of night-blooming columnar cacti (cardon, Pachycereuspringlei; saguaro, Carnegia gigantea; and organ pipe, Stenocereusthurberi) near Bahia Kino, Sonora, Mexico, by addressing two questions: (1) What is the relative importance of nocturnal (bats, moths) and diurnal (bees, birds) pollinators for fruit and seed set, and (2) To what extent do these cacti compete for pollinators? Honeybees had the highest visitation rates to flowers of the three species but are relatively ineffective pollinators.

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