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Journal articles on the topic 'Caribbean (Spanish)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 27 February 2023

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1

Lindqvist, Yvonne. "Bibliomigration från periferi till semi-periferi." Tidskrift för litteraturvetenskap 48, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2018): 90–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.54797/tfl.v48i1-2.7615.

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Bibliomigration from Periphery to Semi-Periphery. About Contemporary Spanish Caribbean Literature in Swedish Translation The aim of this article is threefold: firstly to describe the bibliomigration patterns of contemporary Spanish Caribbean literature to Sweden, secondly to test the Double Consecration Hypothesis, and thirdly to discuss the importance of translation in relation to World Literature. The material studied consists of 25 novels written by 15 Spanish Caribbean authors from Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic translated into Swedish during the period 1990–2015. The consecration processes of the involved cosmopolitan intermediaries in the study are reconstructed in order to map out the bibliomigration. It was brought to light that the Spanish literary consecration culture is pluri-centric and the Anglo-American duo-centric, which ultimately affects the bibliomigration patterns to Sweden. Three patterns were discovered: One for Spanish Caribbean authors who write in Spanish, one for Spanish Caribbean authors writing in English and one for literature written in Spanish, published in Spanish in Sweden and then translated into Swedish. In the first case nine out of the novels verified the Double Consecration Hypothesis. Hence it seems that Spanish Caribbean literature written in Spanish has to be consecrated primarily within the Spanish colonial and postcolonial literary centers and then within the American and British consecration centers in order to be selected for translation into Swedish. In the second case ten out of the 25 Spanish Caribbeannovels were written in English, and thus not in need for double consecration to reach Sweden. In the last pattern consecration is local rather than cosmopolitan. The three patterns discovered can be described as three different forms of vernacularizing translation.

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2

Rivera-Castillo, Yolanda. "Enclitic Pronouns in Caribbean Spanish." Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society 18, no. 1 (August 25, 1992): 424. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/bls.v18i1.1572.

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3

Miguel, Yolanda Martínez-San. "Spanish Caribbean Literature: A Heuristic for Colonial Caribbean Studies." Small Axe 20, no. 3 51 (November 2016): 65–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/07990537-3726866.

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4

Belmonte Postigo, José Luis. "A Caribbean Affair: The Liberalisation of the Slave Trade in the Spanish Caribbean, 1784-1791." Culture & History Digital Journal 8, no. 1 (July 17, 2019): 014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/chdj.2019.014.

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The liberalisation of the slave trade in the Spanish Caribbean ended with a series of political measures which aimed to revitalise the practice of slavery in the region. After granting a series of monopoly contracts (asientos) to merchant houses based in other western European nations to supply slaves to Spanish America, the Spanish monarchy decided to liberalise import mechanisms. These reforms turned Cuba, especially Havana, into the most important slave trade hub within the Spanish Caribbean. Havana was connected with both Atlantic and inter-colonial trade networks, while other authorised ports imported slaves from other Caribbean territories; Spanish, British, Dutch, Danish and American traders all participated in this trade, and slave trafficking became the most profitable form of commerce in the region during this period.

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5

Schwartz, Stuart B. "Spaniards, 'pardos', and the missing mestizos: identities and racial categories in the early Hispanic Caribbean." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 71, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1997): 5–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002613.

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Traces the history of the mestizos, the descendants of Spanish-Indian contacts during the early stages of Caribbean settlement. Author asks whether they constituted a separate ethnicity. He also looks at the question why the position of the mestizos in the Spanish Caribbean seems different from that in other areas in Spanish America.

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6

Cedergren, Henrietta J., and Guillermo Toledo. "Rhythm and compression in Caribbean Spanish." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 93, no. 4 (April 1993): 2297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.406509.

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7

Lane, Kris. "Punishing the sea wolf: corsairs and cannibals in the early modern Caribbean." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 77, no. 3-4 (January 1, 2003): 201–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002522.

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Looks at how Western law was interpreted and applied to perceived cannibals and corsairs in the Spanish Caribbean in the 16th and 17th c., by Spanish jurists in the period, and at the development of the cannibal and corsair image in Spanish culture. Author outlines the convergence of terms suggesting a growing semantic linkage between certain indigenous peoples, specially the famed "Carib cannibals", and foreign, mostly Western European, corsairs poaching on Spanish wealth. He describes how of the Caribs, said to be cannibals, involved in piracy, an image was constructed of not only cannibals, but also greedy criminals, or rebelers against Catholicism, in order to (legally) justify punishments or wars against them, and thus Spanish rule. He then discusses how of French, British, and other corsairs in the Caribbean involved in piracy against the Spanish, an in some ways similar image was painted of fanatical canine types ruled by appetites, and also of anti-Catholic heretics and criminals, in order to justify punishments as well as the Spanish claim on rule of the Caribbean.

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8

Aram, Bethany. "Caribbean ginger and Atlantic trade, 1570–1648." Journal of Global History 10, no. 3 (October 5, 2015): 410–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1740022815000200.

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AbstractGinger smuggled out of Asia flourished on the Caribbean islands of Hispaniola and Puerto Rico during the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. The oriental root, whose migration and transplantation Spanish sovereigns sought to stimulate, enjoyed more of a market in England and the Low Countries than in Castile. A differentiated demand for ginger in northern and southern Europe, documented in archival and literary sources, reflected the principles of humoral medicine and influenced trade. Ginger’s poor adaptation to the Spanish fleet system, exacerbated by armed conflicts, including the revolt of the Low Countries (1568–1648) and the Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604), fomented rather than inhibited a continuum of prohibited practices from privateering to contraband, with English and Dutch merchant-privateers in the ‘Spanish’ Caribbean interested in ginger, sugar, and hides, among other commodities.

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9

Jamieson, Martín. "Culinary Caribbean English lexicon in Panamanian Spanish." Revista Alicantina de Estudios Ingleses, no. 24 (November 15, 2011): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/raei.2011.24.07.

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An offshoot of Caribbean Creole English, Panamanian Creole English has been the source of loanwords referring to culinary delicacies of West Indian origin in the officially Spanish-speaking Republic of Panama, whose main language has, in turn, influenced the Creole, though not only with words describing edibles. Most of the Creole English words seemed marginal before the middle of the twentieth century, but, by its end, had integrated Panamanian Spanish, along with lexical items from other languages, of which culinary forms are presented here side by side with patrimonial Spanish foodstuff terms of use in Panama.

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10

Avilés-Santiago, Manuel G., and Jillian M. Báez. "“Targeting Billennials”: Billenials, Linguistic Flexibility, and the New Language Politics of Univision." Communication, Culture and Critique 12, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 128–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ccc/tcz012.

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AbstractUnivision, historically the number one Spanish network, departed from its long tradition of safeguarding neutral Spanish to embrace not only English, but also Spanglish and Spanish-Caribbean accents in 2015. This article explores Univision’s new linguistic flexibility via two emblematic reality TV shows: Nuestra Belleza Latina (2007–) and La Banda (2015–). Through a textual analysis of these shows and industrial analysis of the strategies deployed by the network, the authors argue that Univision’s targeting of “billennials”—bicultural and bilingual millennials—prompted a linguistic flexibility that challenges the traditional lineup of neutral, Spanish-only, television, and is more inclusive of Latina/o audiences’ language use.

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11

ALLSOPP, JEANNETTE. "The Caribbean Multilingual Lexicography Project." English Today 20, no. 1 (January 2004): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078404001038.

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This article will give an overview of the compilation process of a Caribbean Multilingual Dictionary by describing the work of the Caribbean Multilingual Lexicography Project at the University of the West Indies at Cave Hill. The work involved, namely, the compilation of the first volume of the Caribbean Multilingual Dictionary (CMD) of Flora, Fauna and Foods (in English, French, French Creole and Spanish) is deemed to be pertinent to the development of research skills in the field of dictionary-making and provides insights into some of the problems faced by the Caribbean multilingual dictionary-maker in the chronicling of the Caribbean environment. In addition, the article also lists the wide range of users at which the CMD is aimed and illustrates its value to Caribbean systems, such as the regional education system, sectors such as the private enterprise, trade and tourism sectors and individual researchers as well as the general Caribbean public, the Caribbean diaspora in North America and Britain, and the French- and Spanish-speaking countries of the European Union.

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12

Duany 1, Jorge. "Racializing Ethnicity in the Spanish-Speaking Caribbean." Latin American and Caribbean Ethnic Studies 1, no. 2 (September 2006): 231–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17442220600859478.

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13

Poplack, Shana, and David Sankoff. "The Philadelphia Story in the Spanish Caribbean." American Speech 62, no. 4 (1987): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/455406.

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14

Schmidt-Nowara, Christopher. "Continental Origins of Insular Proslavery: George Dawson Flinter in Curaçao, Venezuela, Britain, and Puerto Rico, 1810s-1830s." Almanack, no. 8 (December 2014): 55–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2236-463320140804.

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Abstract This article traces the career and migrations of George Dawson Flinter, a naturalized Spanish subject of Irish origin, who became a prominent apologist for slavery and Spanish colonial rule in the Caribbean in the 1820s and 1830s. It argues that Flinter's experiences in the revolutionary Americas, especially in Venezuela, shaped his attitudes toward slavery, freedom, race, and social order, which he promoted on behalf of the Spanish regime as a propagandist in Britain and in Puerto Rico. Flinter's writings, loyalties, and migrations throw new light on the sources of proslavery thought, not only in the Spanish Caribbean, but also in the broader Atlantic world during the consolidation of the second slavery.

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15

Hickling, Frederick W. "Psychiatry in the Commonwealth Caribbean." Bulletin of the Royal College of Psychiatrists 12, no. 10 (October 1988): 434–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.12.10.434.

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Treatment of the mentally ill by the Aboriginal Awaraks of Jamaica and the other Caribbean islands was first described by a Spanish monk in 1540: ‘Lunatics’ who were called ‘mind riven’ were treated in the community with salvent herbs, which were blended with food and left to hang on fruit trees for those who wandered, and by the administration of unguents and lavings while singing. This record indicates that the mentally ill were treated by the indigenous Indians without restraints, and with rudimentary attempts at pharmacology and cultural therapies. But this enlightened but primitive mental health system was destroyed with the advent of the Spanish conquerors who, according to Las Casas, “in about eight to forty years have unjustly put to death about twelve million Indians without distinction of quality, sex or age”.

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16

Jiménez, Cristina Pérez. "Puerto Rican Colonialism, Caribbean Radicalism, and Pueblos Hispanos’s Inter-Nationalist Alliance." Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of Criticism 23, no. 3 (November 1, 2019): 50–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/07990537-7912322.

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Drawing from Earl Browder’s papers, this essay examines the Communist-sponsored, New York Spanish-language newspaper Pueblos Hispanos (1943–44), arguing that the publication staged an uneasy alliance between the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party and the US Communist Party by positioning Puerto Rican independence as central to a wider decolonial Caribbean and postwar world order. By analyzing Pueblos Hispanos’s practice of “inter-nationalism”—a term the author proposes to denote the flexible strategy used to mediate between competing political interests and which can serve as a model for understanding the compromised collaborations between Communist and nationalist leaders in the Caribbean—this essay expands our understanding of Communist influence in Caribbean liberation movements and begins to reinsert the contributions of early-and mid-twentieth-century Puerto Ricans, and more widely, Spanish caribeños, within a Marxist-inflected Caribbean radical tradition.

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17

Long, Avizia Yim, and Megan Harsh. "Estas rimas son para ti: Exploring Learners Comprehension of Spanish Language Music Containing Dialectical Features." International Journal of Literacy, Culture, and Language Education 5 (August 6, 2017): 37–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/ijlcle.v5i0.26929.

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This paper reports the findings of a study that examined native English‐speaking learners’ comprehension of Spanish language music containing Caribbean dialectal features. Twenty‐one learners enrolled in 300‐ and 400‐level Spanish content courses at a large, Midwestern public university in the US participated in this study. Each participant completed the following five tasks: (1) listening task, (2) listening task difficulty questionnaire, (3) vocabulary familiarity task, (4) Spanish language proficiency test, and (5) background questionnaire. The listening task contained short clips of Spanish language music, several of which contained dialectal features present in Caribbean speech and music. The results revealed that comprehension accuracy was very low on the listening task, and listening task items containing dialectal features were more difficult to comprehend for learners. Additionally, listening task scores were significantly correlated with knowledge of vocabulary items present in the music lyrics.

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18

Jaffe, Rivke. "Tourism, Sexuality and Power in the Spanish Caribbean." European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies | Revista Europea de Estudios Latinoamericanos y del Caribe, no. 88 (April 15, 2010): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.18352/erlacs.9598.

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19

Molly A. Warsh. "A Political Ecology in the Early Spanish Caribbean." William and Mary Quarterly 71, no. 4 (2014): 517. http://dx.doi.org/10.5309/willmaryquar.71.4.0517.

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20

Little, Walter E. "Packaged Vacations: Tourism Development in the Spanish Caribbean." Hispanic American Historical Review 89, no. 4 (November 1, 2009): 739–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-2009-087.

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21

Allsopp, Jeannette. "French and Spanish loan words in Caribbean English." English Today 8, no. 1 (January 1992): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078400006064.

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22

Pack, Sasha D. "Packaged vacations: tourism development in the Spanish Caribbean." Journal of Tourism History 2, no. 1 (April 2010): 61–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17550911003779044.

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23

Miller, Joseph C. "Atlantic Africa and the Spanish Caribbean, 1570–1640." Slavery & Abolition 37, no. 4 (October 2016): 766–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0144039x.2016.1242904.

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24

Stark, David M. "Atlantic Africa and the Spanish Caribbean, 1570–1640." Hispanic American Historical Review 97, no. 3 (July 18, 2017): 540–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-3933976.

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25

Niles, Glenda. "Translation of Creole in Caribbean English literature." Translating Creolization 2, no. 2 (December 23, 2016): 220–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttmc.2.2.03nil.

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This paper explores the use of Creoles in Caribbean English Literature and how it tends to be translated into Spanish by analyzing the Spanish translations of two novels written by Caribbean author, Oonya Kempadoo. Kempadoo is a relatively new and unknown author. She was born in England to Guyanese parents and grew up in the Caribbean. She lived in several of the islands, including St. Lucia and Trinidad and at present resides in Grenada. Apart from being a novelist, she is a freelance researcher and consultant in the arts, and works with youth and international organizations, where she focuses on social development. Her first novel, Buxton Spice, was published in 1998. Described as a semi-autobiography by Publisher’s Weekly, it has also been praised for being original and universal in the portrayal of its themes. It is the story of a young girl growing up in Guyana during the Burnham regime. It is written as a series of vignettes, which contributes to the seemingly quick development of Lula from childhood to adolescence, as she learns to explore her sexuality. This novel has been published in the United Kingdom and the United States, and has been translated into Spanish, French, Italian, Dutch, Portuguese and Hebrew. The version used for this investigation was translated by Victor Pozanco and commissioned by Tusquets Publishers. Kempadoo’s second novel, Tide Running, also forms part of this investigation. As the 2002 winner of the Casa de las Américas Literary prize for Caribbean English and Creole, this novel was translated into Spanish by a Cuban translator as a part of the award. It is the story of an unambitious Tobagonian youth who becomes entangled in a bizarre relationship with an interracial couple. The story highlights several issues, such as poverty, race and social class differences, sex and right and wrong. As a researcher, I felt that it would be enlightening to see how a Caribbean translator, from a country (Cuba) with limited access to mass cultural currents commonplace elsewhere, handles this piece of prose which is so heavily steeped in Trinbagonian culture.

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Shi, Lu-Feng, and Luz Adriana Canizales. "Dialectal Effects on a Clinical Spanish Word Recognition Test." American Journal of Audiology 22, no. 1 (June 2013): 74–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1059-0889(2012/12-0036).

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Purpose American Spanish dialects have substantial phonetic and lexical differences. This study investigated how dialectal differences affect Spanish/English bilingual individuals' performance on a clinical Spanish word recognition test. Method Forty Spanish/English bilinguals participated in the study—20 dominant in Spanish and 20 in English. Within each group, 10 listeners spoke the Highland dialect, and 10 spoke the Caribbean/Coastal dialect. Participants were maximally matched between the 2 dialectal groups regarding their demographic and linguistic background. Listeners were randomly presented 4 lists of Auditec Spanish bisyllabic words at 40 dB SL re: pure-tone average. Each list was randomly assigned with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of quiet, +6, +3, and 0 dB, in the presence of speech-spectrum noise. Listeners responded orally and in writing. Results Dialect and language dominance both significantly affected listener performance on the word recognition test. Higher performance levels were obtained with Highland than Caribbean/Coastal listeners and with Spanish-dominant than English-dominant listeners. The dialectal difference was particularly evident in favorable listening conditions (i.e., quiet and +6 dB SNR) and could not be explained by listeners' familiarity with the test words. Conclusion Dialects significantly affect the clinical assessment of Spanish-speaking clients' word recognition. Clinicians are advised to consider the phonetic features of the dialect when scoring a client's performance.

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27

Lipski, John M. "Trinidad Spanish: implications for Afro-Hispanic language." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 64, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1990): 7–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002023.

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[First paragraph]The question of Spanish language usage among African-born slaves (known as bozales) and their descendents in Spanish America is the subject of much controversy, and has had a major impact on theories of Creole formation and the evolution of Latin American dialects of Spanish, Portuguese and French. Briefly, one school of thought maintains that, at least during the last 150-200 years of African slave trade to Spanish America, bozales and their immediate descendants spoke a relatively uniform Spanish pidgin or creole, concentrated in the Caribbean region but ostensibly extending even to many South American territories. This creole in turn had Afro-Portuguese roots, derived from if not identical to the hypothetical maritime Portuguese creole (sometimes also identified with the medieval Sabir or Lingua Franca) claimed to be the source of most European - based Creoles in Africa, Asia and the Americas.1 The principal sources of evidence come in 19th century documents from the Caribbean region, principally Cuba and Puerto Rico, where many (but not all) bozal texts share a noteworthy similarity with other demonstrably Afro-Portuguese or Afro-Hispanic Creoles in South America, Africa and Asia.

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28

Ida Altman. "Marriage, Family, and Ethnicity in the Early Spanish Caribbean." William and Mary Quarterly 70, no. 2 (2013): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.5309/willmaryquar.70.2.0225.

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29

Barbeau, G., and F. Marie. "PINEAPPLE PRODUCTION IN THE SPANISH AND ENGLISH SPEAKING CARIBBEAN." Acta Horticulturae, no. 425 (December 1997): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1997.425.4.

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30

Forbes, Marsha, and Silvia Kouwenberg. "A Contrastive Grammar Islander--Caribbean Standard English--Spanish (review)." Language 81, no. 3 (2005): 769–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lan.2005.0124.

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31

García-Herrera, Ricardo, Luis Gimeno, Pedro Ribera, Emiliano Hernández, Ester González, and Guadalupe Fernández. "Identification of Caribbean basin hurricanes from Spanish documentary sources." Climatic Change 83, no. 1-2 (March 16, 2007): 55–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-006-9124-4.

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32

Altman, Ida. "Key to the Indies: Port Towns in the Spanish Caribbean: 1493–1550." Americas 74, no. 1 (November 22, 2016): 5–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/tam.2016.79.

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Seaborne commerce, communication, and transportation to a great extent defined and enabled the Spanish enterprise in the Caribbean from the time Europeans first arrived in the islands. With the exception of a minority of towns such as Concepción de la Vega in Española that were established in the interiors of the islands to provide access to gold mines and the indigenous labor to exploit them, the majority of new towns and cities were located on the coasts. Although Santo Domingo, San Juan, and eventually Havana emerged as the principal ports and administrative capitals of the large islands of the northern Caribbean in the first half of the sixteenth century, many secondary and small port towns played essential roles in the rapid development of systems of local and regional exchange, indigenous slave raiding, and transatlantic commerce that linked the islands to Seville, the Canaries and other islands of the Atlantic and the southern Caribbean. Allowing island residents to take advantage of waterborne transportation often via indigenous-built canoes, linking the islands to one another and the circum-Caribbean mainland, and serving as staging grounds for slave-raiding and other expeditions that radiated out from the islands, these towns helped to forge a diverse and dynamic region that was closely tied both to Spain and later to the developing societies of Spanish America.

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33

Nakashima, Roxana. "Galleys in the Caribbean according to English travel accounts and images." International Journal of Maritime History 29, no. 3 (August 2017): 495–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871417711795.

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The Spanish monarchy deployed Mediterranean galleys to protect its interests in the Caribbean in the final quarter of the sixteenth century. This article examines English travel accounts and various eyewitnesses’ visual representations of these oared vessels to provide, for the first time, the perspective of the aggressors who were challenging the experimental Spanish defence system. English accounts of struggles with galleys show how gunpowder weapons were changing the pattern of naval fighting, and highlight the inadequacies of Mediterranean oared vessels in their efforts to defend Caribbean coasts. The circulation of information in different publications of the time is analysed, while further lines of enquiry into images depicting these galleys are also identified.

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Carroll, Kevin S. "Language maintenance in the Caribbean." Language Problems and Language Planning 39, no. 2 (October 12, 2015): 115–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lplp.39.2.01car.

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This paper uses a case study approach to understand how perceptions of language threat have worked to maintain local language practices on the islands of Aruba and Puerto Rico. Through document analysis, interviews with key players in language policy and planning efforts as well as participant observation, this paper explains the historical build-up of the perception that Papiamento and Spanish, respectively, are in some way threatened. In addition to documenting the language maintenance efforts, the author argues that differing colonization practices impacted islanders’ orientation toward language, such that in Aruba a language-as-a-resource orientation has resulted in societal multilingualism whereas a language-as-a-problem orientation has resulted in monolingualism on the island of Puerto Rico.

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35

Thompson, Roger M. "Copula Deletion in Spanish Foreigner Talk." Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 6, no. 1 (January 1, 1991): 89–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.6.1.06tho.

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Questionnaires were used to discover how twenty-eight students from Peru, Colombia, and Guatemala use the Spanish copulas ser and estar in foreigner talk. Ser usually was deleted but not estar when used as a locative or when discussing health. A multiple choice situational questionnaire was found to reflect actual use more accurately than one where respondents write what they think they would say. The pattern of deletion suggests that creolists should look at the role of "canned topics" in the development of the bipartite and tripartite copulas found in Pacific and Afro-Caribbean English Pidgins and Creoles.

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36

Murphy, Tessa. "Captives of Conquest: Slavery in the Early Modern Spanish Caribbean." Hispanic American Historical Review 102, no. 3 (August 1, 2022): 542–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-9798539.

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37

Goetz, Rebecca Anne. "Captives of conquest: slavery in the early modern Spanish Caribbean." Colonial Latin American Review 31, no. 1 (January 2, 2022): 166–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10609164.2022.2036015.

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38

Schmitt, Casey. "Captives of Conquest: Slavery in the Early Modern Spanish Caribbean." Slavery & Abolition 43, no. 1 (January 2, 2022): 231–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0144039x.2022.2029058.

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39

Robin Moore. "Música: Spanish Caribbean Music in New York City." Caribbean Studies 36, no. 2 (2009): 241–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/crb.0.0082.

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40

Romeu, Jorge Luis. "On Political Intolerance and Cuba’s Future: A Spanish Caribbean Approach." Caribbean Studies 43, no. 2 (2015): 145–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/crb.2015.0020.

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41

Dillon, W., J. Acosta, E. Uchupi, and U. ten Brink. "Joint spanish-american research uncovers fracture pattern in northeastern caribbean." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 79, no. 28 (1998): 336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/98eo00254.

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42

Fuster, Melissa. "Comparative analysis of dietary guidelines in the Spanish-Speaking Caribbean." Public Health Nutrition 19, no. 4 (July 10, 2015): 607–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980015002153.

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AbstractObjectiveDietary guidelines are important education and policy tools to address local nutrition concerns. The current paper presents a comparative analysis of nutrition messages from three Spanish-speaking Caribbean countries (Cuba, Puerto Rico and Dominican Republic) to explore how these dietary guidelines address common public health nutrition concerns, contextualized in different changing food environments and food culture similarities.DesignQualitative, comparative analysis of current dietary guideline documents and key recommendations.ResultsKey recommendations were categorized into sixteen themes (two diet-based, ten food-based and four ‘other’). Only the Cuban dietary guidelines included diet-based key recommendations. Of the ten food-based key recommendations, only four themes overlapped across the three dietary guidelines (the encouragement of fruits and vegetables, addressing protein sources and fat). Other overlaps were found between dietary guideline pairs, except between Cuba and Puerto Rico. Further analysis revealed differences in levels of specificity and acknowledgement of local dietary patterns and issues, as well as the need to revise the guidelines to account for current scientific advances.ConclusionsThe present study underscored the importance of context in the framing of dietary advice and the influence of national socio-economic and political situations on nutrition policy and education efforts. The results contribute to inform efforts to improve nutrition communication in the region and among migrant communities.

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Deagan, Kathleen. "The archaeology of the Spanish contact period in the Caribbean." Journal of World Prehistory 2, no. 2 (June 1988): 187–233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00975417.

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Garrigus, John. "David Wheat. Atlantic Africa and the Spanish Caribbean, 1570–1640." American Historical Review 122, no. 2 (March 30, 2017): 553–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ahr/122.2.553.

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Santos de Souza, Livia. "A tradução como mediação cultural: as traduções da obra de Junot Diaz." Ilha do Desterro A Journal of English Language, Literatures in English and Cultural Studies 72, no. 2 (May 31, 2019): 273–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2019v72n2p273.

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This article has as its object the translations of the Dominican American writer Junot Díaz to Spanish, with special emphasis on the work of the Cuban-born translator Achy Obejas. Author of a short but remarkable work, Díaz elaborates his narratives in a variety of English that often incorporates elements of Spanish. His writing poetics includes the lexicon of Caribbean Spanish and syntactic structures and proper rhythm of his native language, which results in a strongly hybrid text. The translation of this text into a language that is so intensely present in the original is a challenge. To understand how the construction of this translation is processed, this article tries to analize the strategies used to try to keep up with the translinguistic character of these narratives. In order to reach this objective, some theoretical references are used, concepts such as the foreignizing translation, by Lawrence Venuti; translingualism; and D'Amore's considerations on translations of texts originally written in Spanglish. The analysis makes it clear that the work of Achy Obejas was largely able to give the texts in Spanish the same hybrid character present in the original ones.

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Benson, Devyn Spence. "Redefining Mestizaje: How Trans-Caribbean Exchanges Solidified Black Consciousness in Cuba." Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of Criticism 25, no. 2 (July 1, 2021): 91–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/07990537-9384286.

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This essay recovers the history of 1960s and 1970s black movements in Cuba through an examination of works by Afro-Cuban intellectuals and their meetings with Caribbean thinkers to show the coexistence of mestizaje and black consciousness as a defining, but overlooked, feature of black activism in Cuba. While the existing literature locates black consciousness in the English- and French-speaking Caribbean, this essay highlights how Afro-Cubans in Spanish-speaking countries were not only aware of but also adapted Caribbean ideologies to local circumstances. Using oral histories, cultural productions, and meetings between Caribbean intellectuals, this examination of Afro-Cuban activism reframes the period leading up to Nancy Morejón’s 1982 Nación y mestizaje en Nicolás Guillén to show that the poet was one of many artists-activists who resurrected black history, revalued African culture and black identity, and promoted Caribbean black consciousness in Cuba despite state attempts at censorship. For Morejón that meant offering a definition of mestizaje that goes through and coexists with black consciousness.

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Ortiz-Royero, J. C., L. J. Otero, J. C. Restrepo, J. Ruiz, and M. Cadena. "Characterization and effects of cold fronts in the Colombian Caribbean Coast and their relationship to extreme wave events." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions 1, no. 4 (July 29, 2013): 3659–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhessd-1-3659-2013.

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Abstract. Extreme ocean waves in the Caribbean Sea are commonly related to the effects of storms and hurricanes during the months of June through November. The collapse of 200 m of the Puerto Colombia pier in March 2009 revealed the effects of meteorological phenomena other than storms and hurricanes that may be influencing the extreme wave regime in the Colombian Caribbean. The marked seasonality of these atmospheric fronts was established by analyzing the meteorological-marine reports of Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales of Colombia (IDEAM, based on its initials in Spanish) and Centro de Investigación en Oceanografía y Meteorología of Colombia (CIOH, based on its initials in Spanish). The highest occurrences were observed during the months of January, February, and March, with 6 fronts occurring per year. An annual trend was not observed, although the highest number of fronts occurred in 2010 (20 in total). An annual strong relationship between the maximum average wave values and the cold fronts, in the central zone of the Colombian Caribbean during the first three months of the year was established. In addition, the maximum values of the significant height produced by the passage of cold fronts during the last 16 yr were identified. Although the Colombian Caribbean has been affected by storms and hurricanes in the past, this research allows us to conclude that, there is a strong relationship between cold fronts and the largest waves in the Colombian Caribbean during the last 16 yr, which have caused damage to coastal infrastructure. We verified that the passage of a cold front corresponded to the most significant extreme wave event of the last two decades in the Colombian Caribbean, which caused the structural collapse of the Puerto Colombia pier, located near the city of Barranquilla, between 5 and 10 March 2009. This information is invaluable when evaluating average and extreme wave regimes for the purpose of informing the design of structures in this region of the Caribbean.

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Ortiz-Royero, J. C., L. J. Otero, J. C. Restrepo, J. Ruiz, and M. Cadena. "Cold fronts in the Colombian Caribbean Sea and their relationship to extreme wave events." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 13, no. 11 (November 7, 2013): 2797–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-13-2797-2013.

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Abstract. Extreme ocean waves in the Caribbean Sea are commonly related to the effects of storms and hurricanes during the months of June through November. The collapse of 200 m of the Puerto Colombia pier in March 2009 revealed the effects of meteorological phenomena other than storms and hurricanes that may be influencing the extreme wave regime in the Colombian Caribbean. The marked seasonality of these atmospheric fronts was established by analyzing the meteorological–marine reports of the Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales of Colombia (IDEAM, based on its initials in Spanish) and the Centro de Investigación en Oceanografía y Meteorología of Colombia (CIOH, based on its initials in Spanish) during the last 16 yr. The highest number of cold fronts was observed during the months of January, February, and March, with 6 fronts occurring per year. An annual trend was observed and the highest number of fronts occurred in 2010 (20 in total); moreover, an annual strong relationship between the maximum average wave values and the cold fronts in the central zone of the Colombian Caribbean during the first three months of the year was established. In addition, the maximum values of the significant height produced by the passage of cold fronts during the last 16 yr were identified. Although the Colombian Caribbean has been affected by storms and hurricanes in the past, this research allows us to conclude that there is a strong relationship between cold fronts and the largest waves in the Colombian Caribbean during the last 16 yr, which have caused damage to coastal infrastructure. We verified that the passage of a cold front corresponded to the most significant extreme wave event of the last two decades in the Colombian Caribbean, which caused the structural collapse of the Puerto Colombia pier, located near the city of Barranquilla, between 5 and 10 March 2009. This information is invaluable when evaluating average and extreme wave regimes for the purpose of informing the design of structures in this region of the Caribbean.

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García-Montón, Alejandro. "The Rise of Portobelo and the Transformation of the Spanish American Slave Trade, 1640s–1730s: Transimperial Connections and Intra-American Shipping." Hispanic American Historical Review 99, no. 3 (August 1, 2019): 399–429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-7573495.

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Abstract This article analyzes the rise of Portobelo as the most important center of the Spanish American slave trade from the 1660s to the 1730s. Portobelo's emergence was one of the most striking results of the structural transformation that the slave trade to Spanish America underwent between the 1640s and the 1650s. In these years, intra-American transimperial shipping displaced direct slave voyages from Africa to the Spanish Caribbean. By focusing on the elements that underpinned Portobelo's emergence, this essay shows how shifting transimperial connections affected the making and unmaking of the intraimperial circuits that supplied slaves to Spanish America. This approach reveals the inner workings, evolving links, and disputed hierarchies that interlocked port towns with inland cities and also structured the African diaspora in Spanish America and the emergence of a black Pacific.

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Eller, Anne. "“All would be equal in the effort”: Santo Domingo's “Italian Revolution”, Independence, and Haiti, 1809-1822." Journal of Early American History 1, no. 2 (2011): 105–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187707011x577432.

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AbstractThis article explores the colony of Santo Domingo just after it had passed from French back to Spanish hands in 1809. Although impoverished and at the very margins of the Caribbean plantation system, revolutionary winds were nonetheless buffeting the colony. Using the testimony of a failed 1810 conspiracy known as the “Italian Revolution”, the article explores the enduring inequalities present in Santo Domingo, the immediate influence of the Haiti to the west, and the beginnings of Latin American independence more generally. Whereas Spanish authorities and other Caribbean elites might have dismissed the colony as marginal to the political events, therefore, the conspiracy sheds light on its importance to subaltern travelers and migrants from neighboring islands. Finally, it shows the tremendous concrete and symbolic importance of the Haitian Revolution on the neighboring colony, complicating a historiography that often argues for conflict, and not interrelation, between the two sides of Hispaniola.

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