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Journal articles on the topic 'Carletonville area of South Africa'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 16 February 2022

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1

Swart, C. J. U., and A. van Schalkwyk. "Subsurface grout barriers for ground stabilization in dolomite areas near Carletonville, South Africa." Environmental Geology 40, no. 4-5 (February 7, 2001): 592–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002540000222.

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2

Pharoe, Benedict Kinshasa, Alexander Nikolaevich Evdokimov, Irina Mikhailovna Gembitskaya, and Yakov Yurievich Bushuyev. "Mineralogy, geochemistry and genesis of the post-Gondwana supergene manganese deposit of the Carletonville-Ventersdorp area, North West Province, South Africa." Ore Geology Reviews 120 (May 2020): 103372. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2020.103372.

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3

Myers, Russell E., Taihe Zhou, and G. Neil Phillips. "Sulphidation in the Witwatersrand Goldfields: evidence from the Middelvlei Reef." Mineralogical Magazine 57, no. 388 (September 1993): 395–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1993.057.388.04.

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AbstractThere is extensive textural evidence for sulphidation in the Middelvlei Reef of the Carletonville Goldfield, South Africa. Secondary iron sulphides have replaced sand- and pebble-sized elasts in conglomerate, as well as matrix material in both conglomerate and quartzite. Within the Middelvlei Reef there is a close correspondence between the intensity of sulphidation and areas of greater modal muscovite, and there is less sulphidation where chloritoid dominates. Both pyrite and minor pyrrhotite are widespread. The timing of the sulphidation appears to be post-depositional but the relative importance of diagenetic and syn-metamorphic processes cannot be determined using textural criteria. The absence of retrograde effects suggests that sulphidation occurred prior to or during peak metamorphism. The distribution and intensity of sulphidation and phyllosilicate alteration indicate that these processes may be more significant in the Witwatersrand than has generally been thought. These processes should be considered in all future genetic models.

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4

Pharoe, Benedict Kinshasa, and Kuiwu Liu. "Stratigraphy of the pedogenic manganese nodules in the Carletonville area, North West Province of South Africa: A case study of the General Nice Manganese Mine." Journal of African Earth Sciences 143 (July 2018): 79–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2018.03.002.

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5

Weiersbye, I. M., E. T. F. Witkowski, and M. Reichardt. "Floristic composition of gold and uranium tailings dams, and adjacent polluted areas, on South Africa’s deep-level mines." Bothalia 36, no. 1 (August 20, 2006): 101–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v36i1.349.

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Gold and uranium tailings (‘slimes’) dams and the adjacent polluted soils in the deep-level mining regions of South Africa (Carletonville, Klerksdorp and Welkom) were surveyed for the frequency of occurrence of naturally colonizing, actively introduced and persisting plant species. Fifty-six tailings dams with a combined area of 5864 ha. and a similar area o f tail- ings-polluted soils, were surveyed between July 1996 and March 1997. During the survey, 376 plant species and subspecies were recorded from the dams and adjacent polluted soils, with an additional 8 6 records obtained between 1998 and 2003 (i.e. a total of 462 taxa: species and infraspecific species). Overall, the most commonly represented families were the Poaceae (107 species and subspecies), Asteraceae (81). Fabaceae (55) and Anacardiaceae (16). with other families represented by just one to 14 species. Only 60 species were common to all three regions, and of these 24 had been introduced during rehabilitation attempts. Most of the species found on tailings were persisters or natural colonizers (53-88%, depending on substrate), with the vast majority being indigenous and perennial taxa (76% and 85% respectively), with semi-woody to woody growth forms (6 6% being resprouters, forbs, shrubs and trees). Less than 4% of the naturally-colonizing taxa found during the survey had also been introduced by vegetation practitioners. The majority of introduced plants were alien herbaceous taxa. The number and frequency of annuals was only high on recently vegetated sites, whereas annuals were rarely present on old-vegetated and never-vegetated dams. This list includes a wide range of indigenous plant species that may be suitable for phytoremediation of tailings dams and polluted soils due to their apparent tolerance of acid mine drainage and salinity.

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6

Kenyon, Chris, and Robert Colebunders. "Correlates of concurrency among young people in Carletonville, South Africa." SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS 12, no. 1 (January 2015): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17290376.2015.1100093.

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7

Kershaw, Dave, Bruce Cairncross, Brenda Freese, and Pierre De Vries. "Secondary Minerals from the Carletonville Gold Mines: Witwatersrand Goldfield, South Africa." Rocks & Minerals 78, no. 6 (December 2003): 390–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00357529.2003.9926753.

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8

Lewis, D. A., C. Pillay, O. Mohlamonyane, A. Vezi, S. Mbabela, Y. Mzaidume, and F. Radebe. "The burden of asymptomatic sexually transmitted infections among men in Carletonville, South Africa: implications for syndromic management." Sexually Transmitted Infections 84, no. 5 (October 1, 2008): 371–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sti.2008.029751.

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9

Zuma, K., E. Gouws, B. Williams, and M. Lurie. "Risk factors for HIV infection among women in Carletonville, South Africa: migration, demography and sexually transmitted diseases." International Journal of STD & AIDS 14, no. 12 (December 2003): 814–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/095646203322556147.

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10

Ballard, R. C., Htun Ye, A. Matta, Y. Dangor, and F. Radebe. "Treatment of chancroid with azithromycin." International Journal of STD & AIDS 7, no. 1_suppl (January 1996): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0956462961917230.

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A randomized, comparative study undertaken in Nairobi, Kenya and a non-comparative evaluation undertaken in Carletonville, South Africa have both shown that a single oral dose of azithromycin 1 g is effective in the treatment of the genital ulcer disease (GUD), chancroid, with cure rates of 89% and 92% recorded respectively. While treatment failure was associated with human immunodeficiency virus seropositivity and lack of circumcision in Kenya, no such association could be found in the South African study. In both series, azithromycin treatment resulted in cure of both Haemophilus ducreyi culture-positive and culture-negative cases of GUD, including two cases subsequently diagnosed as lymphogranuloma venereum. A combination of single-dose azithromycin with single-dose benzathine penicillin may provide effective ‘single-visit’ syndromic treatment for GUD in many developing countries.

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11

Campbell, Catherine, and Brian Williams. "Understanding the Impact of a Community-led HIV Prevention Program in South Africa: Context, Conceptual Framework and Methodology." Australian Journal of Primary Health 5, no. 4 (1999): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py99046.

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In this paper we provide an account of our multi-dimensional evaluation of a community led HIV-prevention program in the southern African mining community of Carletonville. The Mothusimpilo Project has three pillars: peer education and condom distribution, syndromic management of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and stakeholder mobilisation. Substantial efforts are being made to evaluate the impact of the intervention and in this paper we outline the theoretical rationale, research design and some preliminary results of the evaluation. The first section provides the setting for the evaluation work, viz an intervention which seeks to contextualise traditional biomedical and behavioural approaches to HIV-transmission within their broader community and social contexts. In the second section we outline the theoretical assumptions underlying the evaluation (which has both 'outcome evaluation' and 'process evaluation' components). In particular, we discuss the way in which the concepts of identity, empowerment and social capital are used to understand the processes involved in health-enhancing behaviour change. In the third section we describe our multi-disciplinary evaluation methodology and present some preliminary findings from our on-going evaluation study. One important goal of our evaluation research is to demonstrate the extent to which community level factors serve to assist or hinder the project in achieving its goals. In this way we hope to contribute to understandings of the role of community participation in influencing the outcomes of community-based health promotional projects.

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12

Meel, B. L. "Drowning deaths in Mthatha area of South Africa." Medicine, Science and the Law 48, no. 4 (October 2008): 329–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/rsmmsl.48.4.329.

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Deaths by drowning are a serious public health problem worldwide. They are under-investigated and hence under-estimated. Drowning is an important and preventable cause of death. This paper aims to estimate the deaths by drowning in Mthatha area of South Africa. Records of the medico-legal autopsies in Umtata General Hospital (UGH) were reviewed from 1993 to 2004. All cases of unnatural death are brought by the police to UGH mortuary. Three hundred and forty-three cases of death as a result of drowning were recorded over a period of 12 years (1993-2004). There was an increased trend of drowning from 2.7 per 100, 000 in 1993 to 12 per 100, 000 in 2004. Males outnumbered females by 2.6:1. The incidence of drowning declines as age advances. The highest number (96) of victims was under ten years of age. Deaths due to drowning are increasing especially among male children and young adults.

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13

MacPhail, C., B. G. Williams, and C. Campbell. "Relative risk of HIV infection among young men and women in a South African township." International Journal of STD & AIDS 13, no. 5 (May 1, 2002): 331–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0956462021925162.

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The prevalence of HIV infection in Africa is substantially higher among young women than it is among young men. Biological explanations of this difference have been presented but there has been little exploration of social factors. In this paper we use data from Carletonville, South Africa to explore various social explanations for greater female infection rates. This paper reports on data from a random sample of 507 people between 13 and 24 years old. Subjects were tested for HIV, as well as other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and answered a behavioural questionnaire. The age-prevalence of HIV infection differs between men and women with considerably higher rates of increase with age among young women. The age of sexual debut did not differ significantly between men and women (15.9 and 16.3 years, respectively) and below the age of 20 years there was no difference in the number or distribution of the number of sexual partners reported by men or women. The risk of infection per partnership was substantially higher among women than among men. Women have sexual partners who are, on average, about five years older than they are with some variation with age. Scaling the age-prevalence curve for men by the age of their sexual partners gives a curve whose shape is indistinguishable from that for women but is about 30% lower for men than for women. In terms of social explanations for HIV rates among women, the data indicates that this difference can be explained by the relative age of sexual partners, but not by other factors explored. In addressing the epidemic among young women it will be essential to deal with the social factors that lead young women to select their partners from older-age cohorts and that shape their sexual networking patterns.

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14

Santos, Roberta de Freitas, and Mateus Rodrigues Cerqueira. "South-South Cooperation: Brazilian experiences in South America and Africa." História, Ciências, Saúde-Manguinhos 22, no. 1 (March 2015): 23–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-59702015000100003.

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Over recent years Brazil has played an increasingly active role internationally, the result of its model of integration and its foreign policy directives. The health sector is a valuable and strategic area for Brazilian technical cooperation to achieve various objectives, including its development goals. This article describes the main directives of Brazilian foreign policy, conceptually defining and characterizing South-South Cooperation, illustrated through an analysis of two Brazilian technical cooperation initiatives in healthcare: one in South America, the other in Africa. The study concludes that, irrespective of the interests and power asymmetries existing in South-South Cooperation, the objectives of this cooperation were achieved through the technical work

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15

Noble, Michael, Helen Barnes, Gemma Wright, and Benjamin Roberts. "Small Area Indices of Multiple Deprivation in South Africa." Social Indicators Research 95, no. 2 (March 26, 2009): 281–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11205-009-9460-7.

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16

de Bruiyn, H., W. A. Van Der Westhuizen, G. J. Beukes, and T. Q. Meyer. "Corkite from Aggeneys, Bushmanland, South Africa." Mineralogical Magazine 54, no. 377 (December 1990): 603–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1990.054.377.12.

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AbstractCorkite associated with plumbojarosite and goethite occurs in gossan and iron-formation at Black Mountain and Broken Hill, Aggeneys. Electron microprobe analyses indicate that there are two groups of corkite present in the area; one with high Cu and low (PO4)3− and the other with low Cu and high (PO and the other with low Cu and high (PO4)3− contents. This can be explained in terms of the general formula contents. This can be explained in terms of the general formula AB2(XO4)2(OH)6, where the incorporation of divalent ions in the B site is accompanied by the exchange of trivalent anions by divalent ones to retain charge balance. Complete solid-solution is inferred between (SO4)2−and (PO4)3− end members, indicating that the jarosite and beudantite groups form part of the same solid-solution series. The distribution of Zn in corkite also reflects the regional distribution of zinc grades in the area, becoming more zinc-rich from west to east. New X-ray diffraction parameters are also presented which update existing data.

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17

Beveridge, Sue. "Hilton College Farm School, Natal, South Africa." Gifted Education International 6, no. 1 (January 1989): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026142948900600112.

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18

MacFarlane, Campbell. "Terrorism in South Africa." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 18, no. 2 (June 2003): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00000893.

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AbstractThe Republic of South Africa lies at the southern tip of the African continent. The population encompasses a variety of races, ethnic groups, religions, and cultural identities. The country has had a turbulent history from early tribal conflicts, colonialisation, the apartheid period, and postapartheid readjustment.Modern terrorism developed mainly during the apartheid period, both by activities of the state and by the liberation movements that continued to the time of the first democratic elections in 1994, which saw South Africa evolve into a fully representative democratic state with equal rights for all.Since 1994, terrorist acts have been criminal-based, evolving in the Cape Town area to political acts, largely laid at the feet of a predominantly Muslim organisation, People against Gangsterism and Drugs, a vigilant organisation allegedly infiltrated by Muslim fundamentalists. Along with this, has been terrorist activities, mainly bombings by disaffected members of white, right-wing groups.In the apartheid era, a Draconian series of laws was enacted to suppress liberation activities. After 1994, most of these were repealed and new legislation was enacted, particularly after the events of 11 September 2001; this legislation allows the government to act against terrorism within the constraints of a democratic system. Disaster management in South Africa has been largely local authority-based, with input from provincial authorities and Civil Defence. After 1994, attempts were made to improve this situation, and national direction was provided. After 11 September 2001, activity was increased and the Disaster Management Act 2002 was brought into effect. This standardized disaster management system at national, provincial, and local levels, also facilites risk assessment and limitation as well as disaster mitigation.The potential still exists for terrorism, mainly from right wing and Muslim fundamentalist groups, but the new legislation should stimulate disaster management in South Africa to new and improved levels.

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19

Nelson, G., and A. Polito. "Information on currents in the Cape Peninsula area, South Africa." South African Journal of Marine Science 5, no. 1 (June 1, 1987): 287–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/025776187784522333.

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20

Meel, BL. "Fatalities by poisoning in the Mthatha area of South Africa." South African Family Practice 49, no. 7 (August 2007): 17–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20786204.2007.10873592.

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21

Nel, A. A. "Crop rotation in the summer rainfall area of South Africa." South African Journal of Plant and Soil 22, no. 4 (January 2005): 274–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02571862.2005.10634721.

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22

Mohuba, Seeke C., Tamiru A. Abiye, Molla B. Demlie, and Moneri J. Modiba. "Hydrogeological Characterization of the Thyspunt Area, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa." Hydrology 7, no. 3 (July 31, 2020): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrology7030049.

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This paper presents a comprehensive hydrogeological investigation that involves field work, aquifer test, hydrogeochemical analysis, environmental isotope analysis, and interpretations around a proposed nuclear power facility in South Africa. The study was undertaken to test the complementarity of the various methods in the coastal aquifer and to verify the hydrogeological conditions within and around the site. The study revealed the presence of two types of aquifers: an upper primary aquifer made up of the Cenozoic deposits of the Algoa Group, and a deeper fractured aquifer made of the Palaezoic Table Mountain Group (TMG) metasedimentary rocks. Owing to ductile deformation in the form of folding, the fractured quartzite and shale aquifers resulted in an artesian condition, often characterized by slightly acidic (pH ≤ 6) and iron-rich groundwater. The most important hydrogeochemical processes responsible for the observed changes in the hydrochemical composition and facies are mineral dissolution, ion exchange and mixing. The environmental isotope results suggest that all groundwater samples are characterized by a depleted δ18O and δ2H signal, indicating high latitude moisture source (southern polar region) and recharge from rainfall, with no or minimal evaporation before and during infiltration. Similarities in the stable isotope signatures between the deeper and shallow aquifer confirm the presence of a strong hydraulic link. The residence time of groundwater in the aquifers underlying the proposed nuclear power plant is estimated using tritium (3H) and 14C, and the results indicate that in the shallow aquifer it ranges from recent recharge to 50 years, and in the deeper aquifer, it ranges from 430 ± 5 years to 1000 ± 10 years, which exists in a quasi-pristine condition.

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23

Mashige, Khathutshelo Percy, Jyotikumarie Jaggernath, Prasidh Ramson, Carrin Martin, Farai S. Chinanayi, and Kovin S. Naidoo. "Prevalence of Refractive Errors in the INK Area, Durban, South Africa." Optometry and Vision Science 93, no. 3 (March 2016): 243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/opx.0000000000000771.

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24

Geyer, Hermanus S. "Apartheid in South Africa and industrial deconcentration in the PWV area." Planning Perspectives 4, no. 3 (September 1989): 251–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02665438908725683.

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25

Klopper, Ceridwyn, Ethelwynn Stellenberg, and Anita van der Merwe. "Stigma and HIV disclosure in the Cape Metropolitan area, South Africa." African Journal of AIDS Research 13, no. 1 (January 2, 2014): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2014.886606.

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26

May, Carl, Andy Beke, Mary Ross, Daan Kocks, and Rosalie Lowe. "Workplace health care in the Rosslyn industrial area of South Africa." Health & Social Care in the Community 5, no. 5 (June 8, 2007): 343–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2524.1997.tb00131.x.

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27

Meel, BL. "Trends of rape in the Mthatha area, Eastern Cape, South Africa." South African Family Practice 50, no. 1 (January 2008): 69–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20786204.2008.10873675.

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28

Shapira, Avi. "Superficial granitic layering in the gold mining area of South Africa." Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 58, no. 4 (December 1989): 273–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9201(89)90099-x.

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29

Sowman, Merle, Maria Hauck, Lance van Sittert, and Jackie Sunde. "Marine Protected Area Management in South Africa: New Policies, Old Paradigms." Environmental Management 47, no. 4 (May 7, 2010): 573–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-010-9499-x.

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30

Christopher, A. J. "Changing patterns of group-area proclamations in South Africa, 1950–1989." Political Geography Quarterly 10, no. 3 (July 1991): 240–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0260-9827(91)90036-t.

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31

Lin, Haili, and Lixiang Lin. "A typical groundwater storage assessment in the Tugela area, South Africa." Hydrogeology Journal 27, no. 3 (November 19, 2018): 827–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-018-1897-9.

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32

Preston‐Whyte, Robert. "Towards sustainable development in the lake St. Lucia Area, South Africa." International Journal of Environmental Studies 49, no. 3 (March 1996): 177–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207239608711022.

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33

Orimoloye, I. R., O. O. Ololade, S. P. Mazinyo, A. M. Kalumba, O. Y. Ekundayo, E. T. Busayo, A. A. Akinsanola, and W. Nel. "Spatial assessment of drought severity in Cape Town area, South Africa." Heliyon 5, no. 7 (July 2019): e02148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02148.

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34

Abratt, Russell, and Thabiso Nsenki Mofokeng. "Development and management of corporate image in South Africa." European Journal of Marketing 35, no. 3/4 (April 1, 2001): 368–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03090560110382075.

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Gathers empirical evidence on how South African organisations manage their corporate image management process. The aim is to establish whether one of the leading models of the corporate image management process is applicable to practitioners in the area. While there is renewed interest in both academic and management circles, relatively few studies exist in the area of image management. In‐depth interviews with ten organisations that substantially changed their images recently were undertaken. The results are reported and confirm that the current knowledge and constructs on the corporate image management process are being put into practice by marketers.

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35

Pienaar, Sare, and Karen Koch. "Antecedents Influencing Rugby Migration In South Africa." International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER) 11, no. 11 (October 26, 2012): 1233. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/iber.v11i11.7371.

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This study set out to determine the most important antecedents influencing the decision of players at the top five South African rugby unions to play overseas. A literature review was conducted in order to establish the theory base for the study. A survey, utilizing a self-administered questionnaire, of players at the top five South African rugby unions was conducted to determine the antecedents influencing the migration decision. The study noted financial reasons as the main antecedent in the decision to migrate. Based on players opinions, any strategy devised by the rugby unions to address the problem of player migration would have to focus on a number of facets rather than on one single area of concern.

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36

Monteiro, Rodrigo Otávio Câmara, Jokastah Wanzuu Kalungu, and Rubens Duarte Coelho. "Irrigation technology in South Africa and Kenya." Ciência Rural 40, no. 10 (October 29, 2010): 2218–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782010005000175.

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This paper reviews various irrigation technologies in both South Africa and Kenya that enable improvements in their socio-economic conditions. The two countries are located in semi-arid areas that experience extreme fluctuations in the availability of rain water for plant growth. Population growth exceeds the ability to produce food in numerous countries around the world and the two countries are not an exception. This experiment examined the constraints that farmers face and the role of government and nongovernmental organization in the uptake of modern technologies for irrigation. Detailed mechanisms and options to secure sustainable irrigation which are economically viable are considered. Despite the higher production of cereals and grains, fruits, and flowers also thrive in the two countries. Total irrigated area, crops grown and irrigation systems used in the two countries are discussed.

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37

Frahm-Arp, Maria. "Pentecostalism, Politics, and Prosperity in South Africa." Religions 9, no. 10 (October 3, 2018): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel9100298.

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One of the fastest growing religious movements in South Africa is a form of Pentecostal Charismatic Evangelic (PCE) Christianity that has some version of prosperity theology as a central pillar. This paper, based on sermons and interviews with 97 PCE pastors in the area of Johannesburg, South Africa, argues that these churches form loose clusters defined by similar emphases along a continuum of prosperity theology. These clusters are “abilities prosperity,” “progress prosperity,” and “miracle prosperity.” Some churches fall neatly into one of the clusters, while others appear as more of a hybrid between two of these types. The paper shows that a relationship exists between the type of theology preached by PCE churches and the nature and extent of the political engagement that the pastors suggested that members in these churches should have.

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38

Luiz, John, Amanda Bowen, and Claire Beswick. "Woolworths South Africa: making sustainability sustainable." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/20450621111113534.

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Subject area Sustainable development; business, government, and society. Study level/applicability The case is designed to be taught to students at MBA and MA level. Case overview In February 2009, Justin Smith, manager of the good business journey at Woolworths, a leading South African department store, was a worried man. Woolworths had launched its five-year sustainability strategy just under two years before. After undertaking an impact assessment, Smith was concerned that the original targets – which covered transformation, social development, the environment and climate change – had been set without a clear understanding of exactly what it would take to achieve them. Woolworths had recently identified ten key risk areas that impacted on the achievement of its original goals. If the sustainability goals were not reached, Woolworths could lose credibility among its shareholders, staff, and consumers. What did Woolworths need to do to ensure that it achieved its sustainability goals? And had the company been too ambitious in the targets it had set initially, he wondered? Expected learning outcomes To examine the differences, if any, between sustainable development in South Africa and other developing nations and sustainable development in developed nations; to impart an understanding of sustainability in its broadest sense; to investigate the challenges in implementing sustainability strategies in business; to look at ways of measuring the success of sustainability strategies; and to explore whether and how sustainability strategies should differ across industry sectors and across companies. Supplementary materials Teaching notes.

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39

Appleton, C. C. "Paragonimiasis in KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa." Journal of Helminthology 88, no. 1 (December 20, 2012): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x12000831.

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AbstractNine cases of paragonimiasis have been reported from cats (4), dogs (2) and children (3) in South Africa, with an additional suspected case in an adult female patient. Details of these cases are reviewed. All nine cases, and perhaps the adult case as well, were from the province of KwaZulu-Natal but locality data are only available for six of them. These six cases represent four localities which all lie below 100 m above sea level in the province's lowlands, suggesting that there may be a focus of transmission here. The molluscan first intermediate host must be one of the two prosobranch snail species present in the area,Melanoides tuberculataorTomichia natalensis, and the decapod second intermediate host the common river crabPotamonautes sidneyi. All infected cats and dogs had pulmonary infections, while two human cases for which there is sufficient information had extrapulmonary infections. Transmission appears to be ongoing but the invasive snailTarebia graniferamay be competing with bothM. tuberculataandT. natalensis.If so, this may bring transmission to an end.

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40

Gulube, S. M., and S. Wynchank. "Telemedicine in South Africa: Success or failure?" Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 7, no. 2_suppl (December 2001): 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/1357633011937100.

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A national telemedicine system for South Africa was planned in 1998. In the first phase, starting in 1999, 28 pilot sites were established in six provinces. The initial applications were teleradiology, tele-ultrasound for antenatal services, telepathology and tele-ophthalmology. Telemedicine equipment was connected by ISDN at 256 kbit/s. From January to September 2000, 2663 radiographic studies were performed at the three Northwest Province teleradiology transmission sites, of which 264 studies (10%) were selected for specialist radiologist reporting by teleradiology. From June to August 2000, nine antenatal care tele-ultrasound consultations were performed in the Northern Cape Province and four transfers were avoided through the use of telemedicine. One area of concern is the relatively low usage of the telemedicine system, which raises questions about its cost-effectiveness. The experience of telemedicine in South Africa confirmed, as others have found, that common problems relate to the technical and organizational challenges of introducing telemedicine.

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Siebert, S. J., F. Siebert, and M. J. Du Toit. "The extended occurrence of Maputaland Woody Grassland further south in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." Bothalia 41, no. 2 (December 17, 2011): 341–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v41i2.77.

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The distinctiveness of Maputaland Woody Grassland lies within its richness of geoxylic suffrutices and herbaceous flora. Since it is well documented in the literature and easy to distinguish from other grassland types, it was possible to confirm a locality of this unique vegetation unit west of Richards Bay, where it probably forms the southernmost outlier population of this vegetation unit in the Indian Ocean Coastal Belt Biome. Phytosociological data obtained from the study area were analysed to identify plant communities and subsequent mapping units. Floristic gradients obtained through ordination techniques revealed the relationship that exists between the Woody Grassland of the study area and the Maputaland Woody Grassland of Sileza Nature Reserve. This confirms the occurrence of Maputaland Woody Grassland at Richards Bay. Two of the plant communities identified from the Richards Bay site are distinctively different, despite previously being lumped together by different authorities as either Kwambonambi Grassland or Maputaland Woody Grassland.

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42

Wittenberg, Martin, and Mark A. Collinson. "Household transitions in rural South Africa, 1996—2003." Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 35, no. 69_suppl (August 2007): 130–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14034950701355429.

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Aims: To investigate changes in household structure in rural South Africa over the period 1996—2003, a period marked by politico-structural change and an escalating HIV/AIDS epidemic. In particular, the authors examine whether there is dissolution of extended family living arrangements. Methods: Data from the Agincourt demographic surveillance system, in rural north-eastern South Africa, and the rural sub-samples of selected nationally representative data sets were used to compare changes in the cross-sectional distribution of household types. Surveillance system data were further analysed to estimate the transition probabilities between household types. The latent pressures for change within the Agincourt area were analysed by projecting the household transition probabilities forward and comparing the projected steady-state distributions to the current distributions. Results: The national surveys show dramatic changes in the social structure in rural areas, particularly an increase in the importance of single person households. These trends are not confirmed in the surveillance system data. The national ``changes'' can possibly be ascribed to changes in sampling frames or household definitions. The transition probabilities within the Agincourt area show considerable changes between household types, despite a slower change in the aggregate distributions. The most important projected long-run changes are an increase in the proportion of three-generation linear households. ``Simpler'' household types such as single person households and nuclear households will become relatively less common. Conclusions: The structure of households is evolving under the pressure of social change and increased mortality due to HIV/AIDS. There is no evidence, however, that the social fabric is unravelling or that individuals are becoming increasingly isolated residentially.

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43

Manjoo, Rashida. "Legislative Recognition of Muslim Marriages in South Africa." International Journal of Legal Information 32, no. 2 (2004): 271–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0731126500004133.

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Both theoretically and constitutionally, South Africa is a secular state with many religious and non-religious groupings co-existing with each other. The reality is that there is widespread observance of both religious and customary law — despite a lack of or limited recognition thereof under the apartheid government. The non-recognition of other forms of law in South Africa has had negative consequences and the remedial efforts of the present government is visible both in the area of customary law and also Muslim Personal Law, hereinafter referred to as MPL. This paper will confine itself to discussing the law reform efforts in respect of the recognition of Muslim marriages.

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44

Cole, Doug. "Heritage stone in Cape Town, South Africa." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 486, no. 1 (September 20, 2018): 305–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp486.3.

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AbstractCape Town was founded in 1652 and many of its historical buildings are constructed of local natural stone. Malmesbury Group slate was exploited from 1666 and used to build Cape Town Castle, which is the oldest building in Cape Town. Two other local stones, Cape granite and Table Mountain sandstone were utilized for buildings from 1850. A medium-grained granite named Paarl Grey was exploited from an area adjacent to the town of Paarl, 50 km east of Cape Town, from 1890. This granite is the most extensively-used natural stone in Cape Town.The resource fields of natural stone near Cape Town, namely Malmesbury Group slate, Cape granite and Table Mountain sandstone, lie within the Table Mountain National Park and Robben Island World Heritage Site and can no longer be exploited, but similar resource fields occur outside Cape Town. Paarl Grey granite is still extracted at one quarry and, despite part of the resource field lying within the Paarl Mountain Nature Reserve, there are still sufficient quantities of stone available.From an international perspective, the heritage stones of Cape Town, South Africa, are best considered as having national significance.

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Lum, J. E., K. S. Viljoen, and B. Cairncross. "Mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of emeralds from the Leydsdorp area, South Africa." South African Journal of Geology 119, no. 2 (June 2016): 359–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gssajg.119.2.359.

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46

Abiye, Tamiru A., Haile Mengistu, and Molla B. Demlie. "Groundwater Resource in the Crystalline Rocks of the Johannesburg Area, South Africa." Journal of Water Resource and Protection 03, no. 04 (2011): 199–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jwarp.2011.34026.

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47

Schoeman, J. J., and A. Steyn. "Nitrate removal with reverse osmosis in a rural area in South Africa." Desalination 155, no. 1 (May 2003): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0011-9164(03)00235-2.

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Mncwango, N. C., S. Mavengahama, N. R. Ntuli, and C. M. Van Jaarsveld. "Preferred traditional leafy vegetables at KwaMbonambi area, northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." South African Journal of Botany 115 (March 2018): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2018.02.085.

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Skinner, Donald, Sakhumzi Mfecane, Tebogo Gumede, Nomvo Henda, and Adlai Davids. "Barriers to accessing PMTCT services in a rural area of South Africa." African Journal of AIDS Research 4, no. 2 (November 2005): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/16085900509490350.

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Cilliers, S. S., L. L. Schoeman, and G. J. Bredenkamp. "Wetland plant communities in the Potchefstroom Municipal Area, North-West, South Africa." Bothalia 28, no. 2 (October 6, 1998): 213–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v28i2.642.

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Wetlands in natural areas in South Africa have been described before, but no literature exists concerning the phytosociology of urban wetlands. The objective of this study was to conduct a complete vegetation analysis of the wetlands in the Potchefstroom Municipal Area. Using a numerical classification technique (TWINSPAN) as a first approximation, the classification was refined by using Braun-Blanquet procedures. The result is a phytosociological table from which a number of unique plant communities are recognised. These urban wetlands are characterised by a high species diversity, which is unusual for wetlands. Reasons for the high species diversity could be the different types of disturbances occurring in this area. Results of this study can be used to construact more sensible management practises for these wetlands.

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