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Journal articles on the topic 'Carotid resistance'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Hayakawa, K., T. W. Morris, R. W. Katzberg, and H. W. Fischer. "Cardiovascular Responses to the Intracarotid Injections of Ionic Contrast Media and Iohexol in the Dog." Acta Radiologica. Diagnosis 27, no. 6 (1986): 729–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028418518602700620.

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Hypotension and bradycardia are the most significant cardiovascular responses resulting from intracarotid injections of hypertonic contrast media (CM). We have assessed both local and systemic vascular responses to the selective intracarotid injections of ionic and non-ionic CM in twelve pentobarbital anesthetized dogs. Alterations in blood pressure, heart rate, and femoral, renal and carotid blood flows were monitored following right common carotid artery injections of ionic contrast media (282–288 mg I/ml), isotonic saline, and iohexol (300 mg I/ml). Ionic CM led to early (0 to 10 s) decreas

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2

Conde, Silvia V., Joana F. Sacramento, and Maria P. Guarino. "Carotid body: a metabolic sensor implicated in insulin resistance." Physiological Genomics 50, no. 3 (2018): 208–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00121.2017.

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The carotid body is now looked at as a multipurpose sensor for blood gases, blood pH, and several hormones. The matter of glucose sensing by the carotid body has been debated for several years in the literature, and these days there is a consensus that carotid body activity is modified by metabolic factors that contribute to glucose homeostasis. However, the sensing ability for glucose is still being pondered: are the carotid bodies low glucose sensors or, in contrast, are they overresponsive in high-glucose conditions? Herein, we debate the glucose and insulin sensing capabilities of the caro

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3

Gagnon, Robert, Tasha Lamb, and Bryan Richardson. "Cerebral circulatory responses of near-term ovine fetuses during sustained fetal placental embolization." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 273, no. 4 (1997): H2001—H2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1997.273.4.h2001.

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To test the hypothesis that, in response to an increase in placental vascular resistance and progressive fetal asphyxia, the changes in external carotid blood flow waveforms are directly related to changes in external carotid vascular resistance, we embolized the fetal side of the placenta in pregnant sheep and measured cerebral and external carotid artery circulatory changes in relation to changes in external carotid artery flow waveforms. Chronically catheterized fetal sheep at 0.85 of gestation were embolized ( n = 11) in the descending aorta for 6 h, until fetal arterial pH fell to ∼6.90.

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4

Brunner, M. J., A. S. Greene, A. E. Frankle, and A. A. Shoukas. "Carotid sinus baroreceptor control of splanchnic resistance and capacity." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 255, no. 6 (1988): H1305—H1310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1988.255.6.h1305.

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The contribution of the splanchnic vascular bed in the carotid sinus baroreceptor reflex control of vascular resistance and capacity was studied in nine pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs. The splanchnic circulation was vascularly isolated in an unopened abdomen and perfused at constant flow and venous pressure. Decreasing carotid sinus pressure from 200 to 50 mmHg resulted in a 72% increase in splanchnic vascular resistance and a decrease in splanchnic blood volume of 4.7 ml/kg. Changes in splanchnic inflow from 0 to 70 ml.min-1.kg-1 resulted in linear changes in splanchnic arterial pressure. In

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5

O'Leary, D. S., and A. M. Scher. "Time course of recovery of arterial pressure control after carotid denervation." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 258, no. 1 (1990): H73—H79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1990.258.1.h73.

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We examined the recovery of arterial pressure control after carotid sinus baroreceptor denervation in conscious dogs with atrioventricular block. Strength of control was assessed by measuring changes in peripheral resistance and atrial rate after step changes in cardiac output. One day after carotid denervation, arterial pressure was significantly elevated (+13.7 mmHg), and the strength of control of peripheral resistance and atrial rate were significantly decreased to 46.1 and 36.6% of control, respectively. Over 4–7 days, the strength of control of both peripheral resistance and atrial rate

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6

O'Leary, D. S., and A. M. Scher. "Arterial pressure control after chronic carotid sinus denervation." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 255, no. 4 (1988): H910—H916. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1988.255.4.h910.

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This study examines the control of arterial blood pressure in conscious, instrumented dogs with atrioventricular block before and greater than or equal to 9 days after carotid sinus baroreceptor denervation. Strength of reflex control of blood pressure was quantitated by measuring the changes in peripheral resistance and atrial rate after square wave changes in cardiac output. Surprisingly, nine or more days after carotid denervation, the strength of baroreflex control of peripheral resistance and atrial rate were not different (P greater than 0.05) from the values before denervation. This was

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7

Sanhueza, Emilia M., Raquel A. Riquelme, Emilio A. Herrera, et al. "Vasodilator tone in the llama fetus: the role of nitric oxide during normoxemia and hypoxemia." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 289, no. 3 (2005): R776—R783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00071.2005.

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The fetal llama responds to hypoxemia, with a marked peripheral vasoconstriction but, unlike the sheep, with little or no increase in cerebral blood flow. We tested the hypothesis that the role of nitric oxide (NO) may be increased during hypoxemia in this species, to counterbalance a strong vasoconstrictor effect. Ten fetal llamas were operated under general anesthesia. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate, cardiac output, total vascular resistance, blood flows, and vascular resistances in cerebral, carotid and femoral vascular beds were determined. Two groups were studied, one with nitri

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8

Kono, K., M. Mori, Y. Wakugawa, M. Yasaka, Y. Okada, and S. Nagata. "Selective Occipital Artery Sonography for Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas." Neuroradiology Journal 25, no. 2 (2012): 212–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/197140091202500210.

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Carotid duplex sonography is a useful method for evaluation of dural arteriovenous fistulas. The resistance index of the external carotid artery has been reported to correlate with the efficacy of treatment and recurrence or aggravation of dural arteriovenous fistulas. Herein, we describe a case of dural arteriovenous fistulas mainly supplied by the occipital artery and show that the resistance index of the occipital artery was more sensitive than that of the external carotid artery. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to describe the feasibility of occipital artery detectio

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9

Lin, Hsin-Fu, Yi-Hung Liao, and Pai-Chi Li. "Ultrafast Ultrasound-Derived Muscle Strain Measure Correlates with Carotid Local Pulse Wave Velocity in Habitual Resistance-Trained Individuals." Applied Sciences 11, no. 18 (2021): 8783. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11188783.

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Purpose: this study investigated the effects of the intensity of machine-based bicep curl resistance exercise on ultrafast ultrasound-derived muscle strain rate and carotid ultrafast pulse wave velocity (ufPWV), and examined the association between muscle strain rate, ufPWV, and established carotid function measures in habitual resistance-trained individuals. Methods: twenty-three young habitual resistance-trained males (age: 24 ± 1 year, body mass index = 24 ± 1 kg/m2) were recruited to participate in two bouts of acute bicep curl exercise. After one-repetition maximum determination (1RM), th

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10

Naessen, T. "Carotid vascular resistance in long-term estrogen users." Obstetrics & Gynecology 97, no. 3 (2001): 327–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0029-7844(00)01177-7.

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11

NAESSEN, TORD, and ODDVAR BAKOS. "Carotid Vascular Resistance in Long-Term Estrogen Users." Obstetrics & Gynecology 97, no. 3 (2001): 327–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006250-200103000-00001.

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12

Gardiner, S. M., A. M. Compton, and T. Bennett. "Regional hemodynamic effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 256, no. 2 (1989): R332—R338. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1989.256.2.r332.

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Cardiovascular responses to infusions of rat alpha-calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP; 0.06, 0.6, 6.0 nmol/h) or rat alpha-atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP; 3.7 nmol/h) were measured in conscious rats. During infusion of the low dose of CGRP, when mean arterial pressure (MAP) was little affected, there were reductions in common carotid, renal, mesenteric, and hindquarter vascular resistances (the magnitude of the responses in the same descending order). However, only flow in the common carotid vessels was increased above base line. After infusion, there was a hindquarter vasoconstriction. Du

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13

Pagano, Patrick J., Mark C. Griswold, Soheil Najibi, Stefan L. Marklund, and Richard A. Cohen. "Resistance of endothelium-dependent relaxation to elevation of O 2 − levels in rabbit carotid artery." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 277, no. 5 (1999): H2109—H2114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1999.277.5.h2109.

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Endogenous superoxide anion[Formula: see text] interferes with the bioactivity of nitric oxide (NO) in endothelium-dependent arterial relaxation (EDR). Using the lucigenin chemiluminescence assay, we measured[Formula: see text] in the thoracic and abdominal aortas and the carotid artery of rabbits to determine whether ambient[Formula: see text] varies among the three arteries and differentially diminishes the effect of NO. Basal levels of[Formula: see text] were significantly higher in carotid arteries than in the thoracic aorta [23 ± 6.1 vs. 3.9 ± 1.4 chemiluminescence units (CU); P < 0.05

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14

El-Mas, Mahmoud M., Robert G. Carroll, and Abdel A. Abdel-Rahman. "Blood pressure normalization in carotid barodenervated rats: role of cardiac output." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 71, no. 10-11 (1993): 783–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y93-117.

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This study evaluated the role of sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity, peripheral hemodynamic changes, and pressure diuresis in blood pressure (BP) normalization in carotid barodenervated rats. The acute and short-term effects of carotid barodenervation or sham operation on blood pressure, heart rate, cardiac output, stroke volume, total peripheral resistance, and plasma catecholamine levels were determined. Changes in plasma volume, urine output, and water and food intakes were also measured. Surgical denervation of the carotid baroreceptors resulted in rapid rises in blood pressure and

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15

Somuncu, Mustafa Umut, Ali Riza Demir, Huseyin Karakurt, et al. "The Relationship Between Aspirin Resistance and Carotid Imaging in Young Patients With ST-Segment Elevated Myocardial Infarction: A Cross-Sectional Study." Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis 24, no. 8 (2018): 1358–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1076029618780352.

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The presence of carotid atherosclerosis accompanied by coronary artery disease is associated with poor prognosis. A subset of patients who take aspirin continue to have recurrent cardiovascular events, which may be due to aspirin resistance (AR). Also, carotid plaques may cause turbulent flow which in turn may lead to platelet activation and poor antiplatelet response. In our study, we aimed to show the prevalence of AR and its relationship between high-risk carotid images in young patients with ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI). In our study, we included 112 patients younger t

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16

Grigoriadis, Georgios, Alexander J. Rosenberg, Wesley K. Lefferts, Sang Ouk Wee, Elizabeth C. Schroeder, and Tracy Baynard. "Similar Effects of Acute Resistance Exercise on Carotid Stiffness in Males and Females." International Journal of Sports Medicine 41, no. 02 (2020): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1044-2321.

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AbstractSex differences exist in vascular responses to blood pressure perturbations, such as resistance exercise. Increases in aortic stiffness following acute resistance exercise appear different between sexes, with attenuated increases in females vs. males. Whether sex differences exist in carotid stiffness, following resistance exercise is unknown. This study sought to examine sex differences in carotid stiffness, aortic stiffness, and hemodynamics following acute resistance exercise. Thirty-five participants (18 male) completed 3 sets of 10 repetitions of maximal isokinetic knee extension/

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17

Doe, C. P., M. J. Drinkhill, D. S. Myers, D. A. Self, and R. Hainsworth. "Reflex vascular responses to abdominal venous distension in the anesthetized dog." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 271, no. 3 (1996): H1049—H1056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1996.271.3.h1049.

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This was undertaken to determine whether distension of the subdiaphragmatic veins results in reflex vasoconstriction and interacts with the carotid baroreflex. In alpha-chloralose-anesthetized open-chest dogs, a perfusion circuit controlled carotid and thoracic aortic pressures, splanchnic and limb blood flows, and cardiopulmonary blood flows. At carotid sinus pressures below approximately 90 mmHg, increases in splanchnic pressure of 7 mmHg or more resulted in increases in vascular resistance in both the splanchnic and limb circulations; there was no response at higher carotid pressures. At hi

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18

Machado, B. H., L. G. Bonagamba, J. A. Castania, and J. V. Menani. "Aortic baroreceptors play a predominant role in the regulation of hindlimb vascular resistance in rats." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 267, no. 2 (1994): R476—R480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1994.267.2.r476.

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In previous studies using bilateral carotid occlusion in conscious freely moving rats we suggested that aortic baroreceptors may play a more important role in the regulation of hindlimb than in renal and mesenteric vascular resistances. In the present study we performed electrical stimulation of the aortic baroreceptor nerve and analyzed the changes in mean arterial pressure and in hindlimb, renal, and mesenteric vascular resistances. All the experiments were performed under urethan anesthesia. Unilateral electrical stimulation (3 V, 2 ms, 50 Hz) of the aortic baroreceptor nerve produced a fal

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19

Dieguez, G., A. L. Garcia-Villalon, B. Gomez, and S. Lluch. "Hemodynamic significance of the carotid rete during changes in arterial blood pressure." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 254, no. 5 (1988): R770—R775. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1988.254.5.r770.

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We attempted to characterize in the goat the hemodynamic response of the carotid rete during large, passive changes in blood pressure in the afferent limb of the rete produced by mechanical constriction of the thoracic aorta or the inferior vena cava. Experiments in 12 anesthetized goats demonstrated that calculated resistance through the rete decreases in hypertension and increases in hypotension, whereas changes in resistance through brain vessels follow opposite directions. The consequence of this is that the carotid rete, by passively decreasing its resistance to blood flow in hypertension

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20

Watanabe, S. "Carotid hemodynamic alterations in hypertensive patients with insulin resistance." American Journal of Hypertension 15, no. 10 (2002): 851–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0895-7061(02)02988-6.

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21

Sourij, Harald, Isabella Schmoelzer, Peter Dittrich, Bernhard Paulweber, Bernhard Iglseder, and Thomas C. Wascher. "Insulin Resistance as a Risk Factor for Carotid Atherosclerosis." Stroke 39, no. 4 (2008): 1349–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.107.502799.

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22

Hennerici, M., W. Steinke, and W. Rautenberg. "High-Resistance Doppler Flow Pattern in Extracranial Carotid Dissection." Archives of Neurology 46, no. 6 (1989): 670–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneur.1989.00520420090028.

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23

Ohta, Yuko, Koji Fujii, Setsuro Ibayashi, et al. "Renal and carotid vascular resistance assessed with Doppler sonography." Journal of Clinical Ultrasound 36, no. 2 (2008): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcu.20444.

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24

Chien, Kuo-Liong, Chiau-Suong Liau, Ming-Fong Chen, et al. "Primary Hypercholesterolemia, Carotid Atherosclerosis and Insulin Resistance Among Chinese." Lipids 43, no. 2 (2007): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11745-007-3138-1.

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25

Yurekli, Ismail, Mert Kestelli, Habib Cakir, and Sahin Iscan. "Cerebral Capillary Resistance Could Not Stand Against Carotid Perfusion." Annals of Thoracic Surgery 104, no. 6 (2017): 2128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2017.01.087.

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26

Charan, N. B., G. M. Turk, and R. Ripley. "Measurement of bronchial arterial blood flow and bronchovascular resistance in sheep." Journal of Applied Physiology 59, no. 2 (1985): 305–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1985.59.2.305.

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We studied the bronchial arterial blood flow (Qbr) and bronchial vascular resistance (BVR) in sheep prepared with carotid-bronchial artery shunt. Nine adult sheep were anesthetized, and through a left thoracotomy a heparinized Teflon-tipped Silastic catheter was introduced into the bronchial artery. The other end of the catheter was brought out through the chest wall and through a neck incision was introduced into the carotid artery. A reservoir filled with warm heparinized blood was connected to this shunt. The height of blood column in the reservoir was kept constant at 150 cm by adding more

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27

Hatanaka, T., J. T. Potts, and A. A. Shoukas. "Invariance of the resistance to venous return to carotid sinus baroreflex control." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 271, no. 3 (1996): H1022—H1030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1996.271.3.h1022.

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Despite the well-established fact that the carotid sinus baroreflex system has profound control over the physical properties of the systemic circulation, the resistance to venous return (RVR) seems to be invariant of such control. We hypothesized that this apparent paradox may be explained from the baroreflex changes in systemic arterial compliance. In 12 pentobarbital-anesthetized mongrel dogs, RVR was measured at controlled carotid sinus pressures (CSP) of 50 and 200 mmHg with normal and artificially increased arterial compliance. Arterial compliance was determined from the arterial pressure

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28

Sjovall, H., P. Butcher, B. Biber, and J. Martner. "Carotid sinus baroreceptor modulation of fluid transport and blood flow in the feline jejunum." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 250, no. 6 (1986): G736—G741. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1986.250.6.g736.

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Carotid sinus baroreceptor control of jejunal fluid transport and vascular resistance was studied in chloralose-anesthetized cats. The carotid sinuses were isolated and perfused with blood from the femoral arteries. The aortic nerves were divided. In an isolated jejunal segment we measured net fluid transport rate, transmural potential difference (PD), and blood flow at a constant perfusion pressure of 75 mmHg. Carotid sinus pressure (CSP) was increased to 200–250 mmHg and was then lowered, in steps of approximately 25 mmHg, down to 50 mmHg. In the pressure interval from 90 to 200 mmHg, decrea

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29

Heffernan, Kevin S., Sae Young Jae, Kenneth R. Wilund, Jeffrey A. Woods, and Bo Fernhall. "Racial differences in central blood pressure and vascular function in young men." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 295, no. 6 (2008): H2380—H2387. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00902.2008.

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Young African-American men have altered macrovascular and microvascular function. In this cross-sectional study, we tested the hypothesis that vascular dysfunction in young African-American men would contribute to greater central blood pressure (BP) compared with young white men. Fifty-five young (23 yr), healthy men (25 African-American and 30 white) underwent measures of vascular structure and function, including carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) and carotid artery β-stiffness via ultrasonography, aortic pulse wave velocity, aortic augmentation index (AIx), and wave reflection trav

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30

Lopina, E. A., and R. A. Libis. "Achieved blood pressure level and target organ damage in post-stroke hypertensive patients." "Arterial’naya Gipertenziya" ("Arterial Hypertension") 24, no. 6 (2019): 693–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.18705/1607-419x-2018-24-6-693-703.

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Objective. To assess the impact of the achieved blood pressure level on the structure and function of kidneys, carotid arteries and depression level in hypertensive post-stroke survivors.Design and methods.Carotid arteries and kidneys were assessed by ultrasound study. All parameters including depression level (Hamilton scale) were evaluated depending on the achieved systolic blood pressure level (SBP) in 88 hypertensive patients in acute post-stroke period and at follow-up (8–12 months after stroke). Multiple regression analysis was applied to assess the associations between the factors.Resul

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31

Conde, Silvia V., Maria J. Ribeiro, Bernardete F. Melo, Maria P. Guarino, and Joana F. Sacramento. "Insulin resistance: a new consequence of altered carotid body chemoreflex?" Journal of Physiology 595, no. 1 (2016): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/jp271684.

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32

TATRO, DANA L., GARY A. DUDLEY, and VICTOR A. CONVERTINO. "Carotid-cardiac baroreflex response and LBNP tolerance following resistance training." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 24, no. 7 (1992): 789???796. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199207000-00009.

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33

Sciacqua, Angela, Maria Adelaide Marini, Marta Letizia Hribal, Francesco Perticone, and Giorgio Sesti. "Association of Insulin Resistance Indexes to Carotid Intima–Media Thickness." PLoS ONE 8, no. 1 (2013): e53968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0053968.

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34

Dawson, Jesse, Terry Quinn, Kennedy R. Lees, and Matthew R. Walters. "Microembolic Signals and Aspirin Resistance in Patients with Carotid Stenosis." Cardiovascular Therapeutics 30, no. 4 (2011): 234–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-5922.2010.00259.x.

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35

HAGA, Sei, Yutaka FUJIOKA, Yuhei SANGATSUDA, et al. "Urgent CEA for Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis with Medical Treatment Resistance." Surgery for Cerebral Stroke 41, no. 4 (2013): 276–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2335/scs.41.276.

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36

Heffernan, Kevin S., Wesley K. Lefferts, Eun Sun Yoon, Soo Hyun Park, Yong Hee Lee, and Sae Young Jae. "Carotid artery reactivity during sympathetic activation following acute resistance exercise." Clinical Autonomic Research 27, no. 6 (2017): 417–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10286-017-0469-8.

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37

Conde, S. V., J. F. Sacramento, M. J. Ribeiro, B. F. Melo, and M. P. Guarino. "Insulin resistance: A new consequence of altered carotid body chemoreflex?" Autonomic Neuroscience 192 (November 2015): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.autneu.2015.07.298.

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38

Köklü, Erkan, Şakir Arslan, İsa Öner Yüksel, Nermin Bayar, and Pınar Koç. "Acute Carotid Artery Stent Thrombosis Due to Dual Antiplatelet Resistance." CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology 38, no. 4 (2014): 1011–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00270-014-0959-1.

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39

Ashton, N., and A. J. Rankin. "Atrial and arterial baroreceptor influences on the circulatory response to acute changes in renal perfusion." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 71, no. 7 (1993): 425–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y93-063.

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We have recently reported a neurally mediated reflex increase in hindlimb vascular resistance associated with an acute decrease in renal perfusion pressure in the chloralose–urethane-anesthetized rabbit. The present study was designed to investigate the influence of this reflex in the body's integrated response to circulatory disturbances by investigating the influence of carotid baroreceptor and left atrial receptors on this reflex and assessing the effect of acute changes in renal perfusion on the heart. Interaction of the renal-generated reflex with carotid baroreceptors was investigated by

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40

Saupe, K. W., C. A. Smith, K. S. Henderson, and J. A. Dempsey. "Effects of raising carotid sinus pressure on upper airway resistance and EEG frequency in sleeping dogs." Journal of Applied Physiology 78, no. 5 (1995): 1699–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1995.78.5.1699.

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The purpose of this study was to determine whether acutely raising carotid sinus pressure (Pcs) causes changes in upper airway resistance and/or electroencephalographic (EEG) frequency during wakefulness and non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep. Five dogs were chronically instrumented so that breathing, tracheal pressure, mouth pressure, EEG, and electrooculogram could be measured while pressure in the vascularly isolated carotid sinus was rapidly increased between 40 and 150 mmHg via an extracorporeal perfusion circuit. Dogs were studied during both wakefulness and NREM sleep. Multiple trials

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41

Lin, Chih-Ming, Yu-Jun Chang, Chi-Kuang Liu, Cheng-Sheng Yu, and Henry Horng-Shing Lu. "Role of Extracranial Carotid Duplex and Computed Tomography Perfusion Scanning in Evaluating Perfusion Status of Pericarotid Stenting." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7051856.

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Carotid stenting is an effective treatment of choice in terms of treating ischemic stroke patients with concomitant carotid stenosis. Though computed tomography perfusion scan has been recognized as a standard tool to monitor/follow up this group of patients, not everyone could endure due to underlying medical illness. In contrast, carotid duplex is a noninvasive assessment tool and could track patient clinical condition in real time. In this study we found that “resistance index” of the carotid ultrasound could detect flow changes before and after the stenting procedure, thus having great cap

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Bogunovic, Natalija, Zoran Miloradovic, Djurdjica Jovovic, et al. "The effects of acute administration of losartan, angiotensin II type-1 receptor antagonist, on hemodynamics and oxidative stress parameters in malignant hypertensive rats." Veterinarski glasnik 69, no. 5-6 (2015): 323–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vetgl1506323b.

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Malignant hypertension is a severe form of hypertension which pathogenesis is not fully elucidated. The aim of our study was to investigate the role of Angiotensin II on hemodynamic and oxidative stress parameters in model of malignant hypertension by using losartan. Adult males were divided into three groups: normotensive Wister rats, control SHR and losartan treated SHR. Control and SHR group received a single bolus dosage of saline, while the SHR + LOS group received a losartan. Blood pressure, cardiac output, both total peripheral and carotid vascular resistance and carotid blood flow were

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Doe, C. P. A., D. A. Self, M. J. Drinkhill, N. McMahon, D. S. Myers, and R. Hainsworth. "Reflex vascular responses in the anesthetized dog to large rapid changes in carotid sinus pressure." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 275, no. 4 (1998): H1169—H1177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1998.275.4.h1169.

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This study examined reflex vascular responses to large rapid increases and decreases in carotid sinus pressure to determine whether delayed or inappropriate vascular responses might be obtained that, if they occurred in people, could lead to hypotension during exposure to rapidly alternating gravitational forces. In chloralose-anesthetized open-chest dogs, a perfusion circuit controlled carotid sinus and thoracic aortic pressures and blood flows to both the vascularly isolated abdominal circulation and a hindlimb (perfusion pressure changes denoted resistance). When carotid pressure was increa

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Lluch, S., G. Dieguez, A. L. Garcia, and B. Gomez. "Rete mirabile of goat: its flow-damping effect on cerebral circulation." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 249, no. 4 (1985): R482—R489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1985.249.4.r482.

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This work was designed to characterize in anesthetized goats the hemodynamic response of the carotid rete during pharmacologically induced changes in systemic blood pressure or blood flow to the brain. Under control conditions, mean blood pressure in the middle cerebral artery (distal to rete) was 18% lower than that measured in the internal maxillary artery (proximal to rete). Pressure gradient and calculated resistance across the rete were unchanged when systemic arterial pressure was increased or decreased by intravenous administration of norepinephrine or isoproterenol, respectively. Hyper

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Brenner, Thorsten, Felix CF Schmitt, Serdar Demirel, et al. "The role of unfractionated heparin for the antiaggregatory effect of aspirin in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy: Results of an observational clinical study." Vascular 25, no. 1 (2016): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1708538116638961.

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The aims of the present study were to examine the influence of a low-dose unfractionated heparin regime on platelet aggregation and to additionally assess the prevalence of primary aspirin resistance in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy. Therefore, 50 patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy were enrolled. A bolus of 3000 IU unfractionated heparin was administered 2 min before carotid cross-clamping additionally to standard antiaggregatory therapy. Haemostaseological point of care testing was performed twice, prior to surgery and 10 min after unfractionated heparin administration by

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Wasicko, M. J., R. W. Giering, S. L. Knuth, and J. C. Leiter. "Hypoglossal and phrenic nerve responses to carotid baroreceptor stimulation." Journal of Applied Physiology 75, no. 3 (1993): 1395–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1993.75.3.1395.

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We examined the relationship between hypoglossal and phrenic nerve activities and carotid sinus pressure. In 12 adult cats that were decerebrate, vagotomized, paralyzed, and mechanically ventilated, we isolated the left carotid sinus for perfusion and denervated the right carotid sinus. Mean arterial blood pressure was maintained at 90–100 mmHg using a low resistance-reservoir containing saline and connected to the abdominal aorta. Constant pressure was applied to the carotid sinus region. We found that increased carotid sinus pressure immediately inhibited inspiratory-synchronous (phasic) hyp

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Zócalo, Yanina, Rodolfo Ungerfeld, Raquel Pérez-Clariget, and Daniel Bia. "Maternal nutritional restriction during gestation impacts differently on offspring muscular and elastic arteries and is associated with increased carotid resistance and ventricular afterload in maturity." Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 11, no. 1 (2019): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2040174419000230.

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AbstractBackground:Intrauterine undernutrition could impact offspring left ventricle (LV) afterload and arterial function. The changes observed in adulthood could differ depending on the arterial type, pathway and properties studied. Aim: To analyze whether undernutrition during early and mid-gestation is associated with changes in cardiovascular properties in adulthood.Methods:Pregnant ewes were assigned to one of the two treatment groups: (1) standard nutritional offer (high pasture-allowance, HPA; n = 16) or (2) nutritional restriction (50–75% of control intake) from before conception until

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Thompson, C. A., D. L. Tatro, D. A. Ludwig, and V. A. Convertino. "Baroreflex responses to acute changes in blood volume in humans." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 259, no. 4 (1990): R792—R798. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1990.259.4.r792.

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To test the hypothesis that acute changes in plasma volume affect the stimulus-response relations of high- and low-pressure baroreflexes, eight men (27-44 yr old) underwent measurements for carotid-cardiac and cardiopulmonary baroreflex responses under the following three volemic conditions: hypovolemic, normovolemic, and hypervolemic. The stimulus-response relation of the carotid-cardiac response curve was generated using a neck cuff device, which delivered pressure changes between +40 and -65 mmHg in continuous steps of 15 mmHg. The stimulus-response relationships of the cardiopulmonary baro

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Lopez, J. A., A. D. Timmis, H. Garan, C. J. Homcy, and W. J. Powell. "Effect of intracarotid administration of ouabain in dogs." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 254, no. 1 (1988): H148—H155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1988.254.1.h148.

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Recent work has documented both centrally mediated vasoconstriction and, paradoxically, a withdrawal of sympathetic activity in response to cardiac glycosides. In the present study the possibility that these different neurogenic responses might be dose related was investigated by infusing ouabain (5, 10, and 20 micrograms) for 5 min into the right common carotid artery of 51 anesthetized mongrel dogs. Effects on vascular resistance in the isolated, separately perfused but innervated gracilis muscle were measured. A 5-microgram infusion of ouabain (n = 6) produced a prolonged decrease in gracil

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DeVan, Allison E., Maria M. Anton, Jill N. Cook, Daria B. Neidre, Miriam Y. Cortez-Cooper, and Hirofumi Tanaka. "Acute effects of resistance exercise on arterial compliance." Journal of Applied Physiology 98, no. 6 (2005): 2287–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00002.2005.

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Decreased central arterial compliance is an emerging risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Resistance training is associated with reductions in the elastic properties of central arteries. Currently, it is not known whether this reduction is from one bout of resistance exercise or from an adaptation to multiple bouts of resistance training. Sixteen healthy sedentary or recreationally active adults (11 men and 5 women, age 27 ± 1 yr) were studied under parallel experimental conditions on 2 separate days. The order of experiments was randomized between resistance exercise (9 resistance exercise

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