Relevant bibliographies by topics / Carotid stenosis

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Carotid stenosis'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Carotid stenosis"

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Khattak, Muhammad Ishaq, Faramoz Khan, Zahid Fida, and Adnan Zar. "CAROTID ARTERY STENOSIS." Professional Medical Journal 24, no. 08 (August 8, 2017): 1126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2017.24.08.1006.

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Objectives: The objective of this study is to determine the frequency of carotidartery atherosclerosis using color Doppler ultrasound in ischemic stroke patients. StudyDesign: Cross-sectional study. Period: July 2015 to June 2016. Setting: Khyber TeachingHospital, Peshawar. Method: Doppler ultrasonography was done to assess carotid artery statusin patients diagnosed with cerebral infarction. Results: Data comprised of 174 ischemic strokepatients between ages 37-95 years. 111 were males whereas 63 were males. Mean age wasfound to be 64.03±11.71 years. Doppler ultrasound revealed carotid artery atherosclerosis in52.3% (n=91) patients with 57% males and 34% females. Right carotid artery involvement wasfound in 28 patients and left carotid artery involvment in 38 patients. Both carotid arteries wereinvolved in 25 patients. Conclusion: We have concluded that carotid artery atherosclerosis is anindependent predictor for future vascular events. Our study reports carotif artery atherosclerosisin 52.3% patients with ischemic stroke.
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Ito, Hidemichi, Masashi Uchida, Taigen Sase, Yuichiro Kushiro, Tetsuya Ikeda, Hiroshi Takasuna, Ichiro Takumi, Kotaro Oshio, and Yuichiro Tanaka. "A case of tandem stenoses at the proximal common and internal carotid arteries treated with transbrachial stenting: a case report." Interventional Neuroradiology 25, no. 2 (November 4, 2018): 225–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1591019918806471.

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The transfemoral approach is a common technique for carotid artery stenting. However, it has the risk of distal embolism when stenting for a stenosis of the proximal common carotid artery because of poor stability of the guiding catheter resulting in difficulty in setting the embolic protection device prior to stenting. We present a novel therapeutic approach and technique for the treatment of tandem carotid stenoses including the proximal common carotid artery. A 63-year-old man presented with double stenoses at the common carotid artery and internal carotid artery. We used a transbrachial sheath guide that had a 6 Fr (2.24 mm, 0.088 inch) internal diameter and was 90 cm long, and was specifically designed for direct cannulation to the common carotid artery, like a modified Simmons catheter. Because the sheath guide positioned in the aortic arch made it possible to introduce safely the embolic protection device distal to the internal carotid artery stenosis without touching the plaque at the stenosis with no use of any coaxial catheters or guidewires, carotid artery stenting for tandem stenoses could be successfully carried out. The postoperative course was uneventful. In carotid artery stenting, especially for stenosis of the proximal common carotid artery, the sheath guide designed for transbrachial carotid cannulation was useful in stenting the tandem carotid stenoses.
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Brennan, Jeffrey W., Michael K. Morgan, William Sorby, and Verity Grinnell. "Recurrent stenosis of common carotid—intracranial internal carotid interposition saphenous vein bypass graft caused by intimal hyperplasia and treated with endovascular stent placement." Journal of Neurosurgery 90, no. 3 (March 1999): 571–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1999.90.3.0571.

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✓ Intimal hyperplasia is a well-known cause of delayed stenosis in vein bypass grafts in all types of vascular surgery. Options for treatment of stenosis in peripheral and coronary artery bypass grafts include revision surgery and the application of endovascular techniques such as balloon angioplasty and stent placement. The authors present a case of stenosis caused by intimal hyperplasia in a high-flow common carotid artery—intracranial internal carotid artery (IICA) saphenous vein interposition bypass graft that had been constructed to treat a traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the intracavernous ICA. The stenosis recurred after revision surgery and was successfully treated by endovascular stent placement in the vein graft. The literature on stent placement for vein graft stenoses is reviewed, and the authors add a report of its application to external carotid—internal carotid bypass grafts. Further study is required to define the role of endovascular techniques in the management of stenotic cerebrovascular disease.
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Päivänsalo, M. J., T. M. J. Siniluoto, T. A. Tikkakoski, V. Myllylä, and I. J. I. Suramo. "Duplex US of the External Carotid Artery." Acta Radiologica 37, no. 1P1 (January 1996): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02841851960371p108.

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The ratio between the systolic peak velocities of the internal and common carotid arteries (vpICA/vpCCA), vpICA and grey-scale imaging measurement are generally used to evaluate internal carotid stenosis against known flow criteria in order to differentiate non-significant from significant stenosis. The same criteria are also used for evaluating the external carotid artery (ECA). Our data on 707 normal or stenotic ECA nevertheless showed that the systolic peak velocity of the normal ECA (vpECA) and its ratio to the systolic velocity of the CCA (vpECA/vpCCA) are higher than vpICA and vpICA/vpCCA. vpECA/vpCCA is about 2 in >0–49% ECA stenosis. Only in severe stenosis are the peak velocities almost comparable. The ratio between the peak end diastolic velocities (edvECA/edvCCA) and edvECA proved to be unreliable, as did grey-scale imaging measurement of the external carotid stenosis. In addition, ipsilateral internal carotid stenosis greatly affects the non-stenotic external carotid flow values, and probably has the same effect on the flow values of a stenotic external artery. Thus, external carotid flow values must be considered carefully.
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Shichita, Takashi, Toshiyasu Ogata, Masahiro Yasaka, Kotaro Yasumori, Tooru Inoue, Setsuro Ibayashi, Mitsuo Iida, and Yasushi Okada. "Angiographic Characteristics of Radiation-Induced Carotid Arterial Stenosis." Angiology 60, no. 3 (June 2009): 276–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003319709335905.

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Purpose This study aimed to clarify the angiographic characteristics of radiation-induced carotid stenosis. Methods We evaluated 11 carotid arteries of patients after radiotherapy (radiotherapy group) and 26 carotid arteries of age- and gender-matched patients without a history of radiotherapy (control group). All patients had carotid stenosis detected by digital subtraction angiography (DSA). We developed an original coordinate system on the DSA to determine the accurate length and location of the carotid lesion. Results Radiation-induced carotid lesions were significantly longer than carotid lesions caused by atherosclerosis. The maximal stenosis of radiation-induced carotid lesions tended to be at the end of the stenotic area and within a wider range than the nonradiation-induced lesions, including in the proximal common carotid artery (CCA). Conclusions Radiation-induced stenotic lesions seem to exist in a wide range of carotid artery, including the CCA, along the vessel, and show maximal stenosis near the end of the stenotic area.
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Terada, T., M. Tsuura, H. Yokote, H. Matsumoto, O. Masuo, K. Nakai, T. Itakura, et al. "Endovascular Treatment for Internal Carotid Stenoses." Interventional Neuroradiology 5, no. 1_suppl (November 1999): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15910199990050s107.

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Seventy four cases of internal carotid stenoses greater than 60% were treated by PTA and/or stenting 86 times. Sixty one cases of cervical ICA stenosis were treated 71 times. 11 cases of high cervical - intracranial ICA stenosis were treated 13 times. Two cases of ICA dissection were treated by stent deployment. Stenotic ratio reduced from 79% to 29% in cervical ICA stenosis and 71 % to 32% in high cervical to intracranial ICA stenosis in average. Morbidity related to PTA and/or stenting was 2/74 (2.7%) and mortality was 0%. One was an ischemic complication and the other was a hemorrhagic complication due to hyperperfusion. Restenosis (stenosis greater than 70%) rate was 32%. Asymptomatic cerebral embolism were found in three cases (4.2%) on angiogram immediately after PTA and/or stenting. The complication rate related to PTA and/stenting was low but asymptomatic emboli were found in three cases. Considering these results, the indication for PTA and/stenting should be restricted to patients with high risk group, such as cases with high medical risks or difficult CEA cases, if appropriate protective systems for cerebral emboli were not available.
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Malkoff, Marc D., Linda S. Williams, and Jose Biller. "Advances in Management of Carotid Atherosclerosis." Journal of Intensive Care Medicine 12, no. 2 (March 1997): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/088506669701200201.

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Carotid artery stenosis is a common and potentially treatable cause of stroke. Stroke risk is increased as the degree of carotid stenosis increases, as well as in patients with neurological symptoms referable to the stenosed carotid artery. Carotid stenosis can be quantified by ultrasound imaging, magnetic resonance angiography, or conventional angiography. Medical treatment with platelet antiaggregants reduces stroke risk in some patients; other patients are best treated with carotid endarterectomy. Experimental treatments for carotid stenosis, including carotid angioplasty with or without stenting, are under investigation. We summarize the current literature and provide treatment recommendations for patients with atherosclerotic carotid artery disease.
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Koennecke. "Carotid stenosis - When is revascularization appropriate?" Vasa 38, no. 3 (August 1, 2009): 203–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0301-1526.38.3.203.

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Approximately 15% of ischemic strokes are caused by extracranial carotid stenoses. Revascularization of a symptomatic stenosis is very efficacious in carefully selected patients. This review outlines criteria which help to identify those who will benefit most from carotid endarterectomy (CEA) for symptomatic stenosis. Asymptomatic carotid stenosis is a common condition in the general population over 50 years, but nonetheless associated with a low risk of ischemic stroke. Consequently, the therapeutic yield of CEA is much lower in asymptomatic stenosis and women seem not to benefit at all. In the future, specific morphological MRI features may help to identify stenoses prone to become symptomatic. In addition to their significance for stroke, it has been demonstrated that atherosclerotic lesions can be regarded as an indicator of cardiovascular morbidity which may help to identify high-risk patients for cardiovascular events.
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Loree, H. M., R. D. Kamm, C. M. Atkinson, and R. T. Lee. "Turbulent pressure fluctuations on surface of model vascular stenoses." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 261, no. 3 (September 1, 1991): H644—H650. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1991.261.3.h644.

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Turbulence frequently develops when blood passes through a stenosis. To study the hypothesis that turbulence near a plaque surface can cause pressure fluctuations that may promote plaque rupture, models of intravascular stenoses were studied. Experimental conditions simulated peak flow in the coronary and carotid arteries through a stenosis of 80 or 90% diameter reduction and into a region where the plaque had widened distally to a 50-75% stenosis. For symmetric stenoses at carotid artery flow rates, peak pressure fluctuations were observed 1-1.5 upstream diameters distal to the stenosis, but there were no significant turbulent pressure fluctuations at coronary artery flow rates. Stenosis asymmetry strongly increased the intensity of turbulent pressure fluctuations at flows simulating carotid flow and resulted in significant pressure fluctuations for coronary flow conditions. Increasing stenosis severity from 80 to 90% increased the root mean square pressure fluctuations 3.6-fold. These studies predict peak to peak pressure fluctuations of 15 mmHg in a 90% asymmetric coronary stenosis; it is possible that turbulence may play a role in acute damage of atherosclerotic plaques, particularly in asymmetric stenoses.
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Imbesi, S. G., and C. W. Kerber. "Pressure Measurements across Vascular Stenoses." Interventional Neuroradiology 5, no. 2 (June 1999): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/159101999900500205.

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We describe and analyze pressure measurements across vascular stenoses in an atherosclerotic human carotid bulb replica using catheters of different diameters. Replicas of an atherosclerotic human carotid bulb were created using the lost wax technique, and were placed in a circuit of pulsating non-newtonian fluid. Flows were adjusted to replicate human physiologic flow profiles. Common carotid artery total flow volume of 600 milli-liters/minute was studied. A pressure recording device was calibrated; data were received from catheters placed longitudinally in the common carotid artery and internal carotid artery. The internal carotid artery pressures were obtained both through the stenosis as is usually performed in the angiography suite and through the vessel side-wall beyond the stenosis as a control. Internal carotid artery flow volumes were also measured with and without the catheter through the stenosis. Multiple pressure recordings and volume measurements were obtained in the replica using 7 French, 5 French, and 2.5 French catheters. Measurements of the replica showed a 58% diameter stenosis and an 89% area stenosis of the carotid bulb. All longitudinal pressure measurements in the common carotid artery agreed with control values regardless of the diameter of the catheter used. Pressure measurements were also in agreement with control values in the internal carotid artery using the 2.5 French catheter. However, when larger diameter catheters were employed, pressures measured with the catheter through the stenosis fell when compared to control values. Additionally, internal carotid artery flow volumes were also decreased when the larger diameter catheters were placed across the stenosis. Large diameter catheters when placed across vascular stenoses may cause an occlusive or near-occlusive state and artifactually increase the measured transstenotic vascular pressure gradient as well as decrease forward vascular flow.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Carotid stenosis"

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Johansson, Elias. "Carotid stenosis." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-46396.

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Carotid stenosis is one of several causes of ischemic stroke and entails a high risk of ischemic stroke recurrence. Removal of a carotid stenosis by carotid endarterectomy results in a risk reduction for ischemic stroke, but the magnitude of risk reduction depends on several factors. If the delay between the last symptom and carotid endarterectomy is less than 2 weeks, the absolute risk reduction is >10%, regardless of age, sex, or if the degree of carotid stenosis is 50–69% or 70–99%. Thus, speed is the key. However, if many patients suffers an ischemic stroke recurrence within the first 2 weeks of the presenting event, an additional benefit is likely be obtained if carotid endarterectomy is performed even earlier than within 2 week after the presenting event. Carotid endarterectomy for asymptomatic carotid stenoses carries a small risk reduction for stroke. Screening for asymptomatic carotid stenosis requires a prevalence of >5% in the examined population, i.e., higher than in the general population; however, directed screening in groups with a prevalence of >5% is beneficial. The aims of this thesis were to investigate the length of the delay to carotid endarterectomy, determine the risk of recurrent stroke before carotid endarterectomy, and determine if a calcification in the area of the carotid arteries seen on dental panoramic radiographs is a valid selection method for directed ultrasound screening to detect asymptomatic carotid stenosis. Consecutive patients with a symptomatic carotid stenosis who underwent a preoperative evaluation aimed at carotid endarterectomy at Umeå Stroke Centre between January 1, 2004–March 31, 2006 (n=275) were collected retrospectively and between August 1, 2007–December 31, 2009 (n=230) prospectively. In addition, 117 consecutive persons, all preliminarily eligible for asymptomatic carotid endarterectomy and with a calcification in the area of the carotid arteries seen on panoramic radiographs, were prospectively examined with carotid ultrasound. The median delay between the presenting event and carotid endarterectomy was 11.7 weeks in the first half year of 2004, dropped to 6.9 weeks in the first quarter year of 2006, and had dropped to 3.6 weeks in the second half year of 2009. The risk of ipsilateral ischemic stroke recurrence was 4.8% within 2 days, 7.9% within 1 week, and 11.2% within 2 weeks of the presenting event. For patients with a stroke or transient ischemic attack as the presenting event, this risk was 6.0% within 2 days, 9.7% within 1 week, and 14.3% within 2 weeks of the presenting event. For the 10 patients with a near-occlusion, the risk of ipsilateral ischemic stroke recurrence was 50% at 4 weeks after the presenting event. Among the 117 persons with a calcification in the area of the carotid arteries seen on panoramic radiographs, eight had a 50–99% carotid stenosis, equalling a prevalence of 6.8% (not statistically significantly over the pre-specified 5% threshold). Among men, the prevalence of 50–99% carotid stenosis was 12.5%, which was statistically significantly over the pre-specified 5% threshold. In conclusion: The delay to carotid endarterectomy was longer than 2 weeks. Additional benefit is likely to be gained by performing carotid endarterectomy within a few days of the presenting event instead of at 2 weeks because many patients suffer a stroke recurrence within a few days; speed is indeed the key. The finding that near-occlusion entails an early high risk of stroke recurrence stands in sharp contrast to previous studies; one possible explaination is that this was a high-risk period missed in previous studies. The incidental finding of a calcification in the area of the carotid arteries on a panoramic radiograph is a valid indication for carotid ultrasound screening in men who are otherwise eligible for asymptomatic carotid endarterectomy.
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Kragsterman, Björn. "Carotid Artery Stenosis : Surgical Aspects." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Surgical Sciences, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6834.

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Randomised controlled trials (RCT) have demonstrated a net benefit of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in stroke prevention for patients with severe carotid artery stenosis as compared to best medical treatment. Results in routine clinical practice must not be inferior to those in the RCTs. The carotid arteries are clamped during CEA which may impair the cerebral perfusion.

The aim of this thesis was to assess population-based outcomes from CEA, investigate risk factors for perioperative complications/late mortality and to evaluate effects of carotid clamping during CEA. In the Swedish vascular registry 6182 CEAs were registered during 1994-2003. Data on all CEAs were retrieved, analysed and validated. In the validation process no death or disabling stroke was unreported. The perioperative stroke or death rate was 4.3% for those with symptomatic and 2.1% for asymptomatic stenosis (the latter decreasing over time). Risk factors for perioperative complications were age, indication, diabetes, cardiac disease and contralateral occlusion. Median survival time was 10.8 years for the symptomatic and 10.2 years for the asymptomatic group.

Tolerance to carotid clamping during CEA under general anaesthesia was evaluated in 62 patients measuring cerebral oximetry, transit time volume flowmetry and stump pressure. High internal carotid artery flow before clamping and low stump pressure was associated with decreased oxygenation after clamping suggesting shunt indication.

In 18 patients undergoing CEA, jugular bulb blood samples demonstrated significantly altered levels of marker for inflammatory activation (IL-6) and fibrinolytic activity (D-dimer and PAI-1) during carotid clamping as compared to radial artery levels. This indicates a cerebral ischaemia due to clamping although clinically well tolerated.

In conclusion, the perioperative outcome after CEA in Sweden compared well with the RCTs results. Tolerance to carotid clamping may be evaluated by combining stump pressure and volume flow measurements. Although clinically tolerated clamping may induce a cerebral ischaemic response.

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Kragsterman, Björn. "Carotid artery stenosis : surgical aspects /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.bibl. [distributör], 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6834.

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Garoff, Maria. "Carotid calcifications in panoramic radiographs in relation to carotid stenosis." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för odontologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-119794.

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Calcifications in carotid atheromas can be detected in a panoramic radiograph (PR) of the jaws. A carotid artery calcification (CAC) can indicate presence of significant (≥ 50%) carotid stenosis (SCS). The aim of this thesis was to (1) determine the prevalence of SCS and burden of atherosclerotic disease among patients revealing CACs in PRs, (2) determine the prevalence of CACs in PRs among patients with SCS, (3) analyze whether the amount of calcium and/or (4) the radiographic appearance of the CACs, can improve the positive predictive value (PPV) for SCS detection among patients with CACs in PRs. The thesis is based on four cross-sectional studies. Two patient groups were prospectively and consecutively studied. Group A represented a general adult patient population in dentistry examined with PR presenting incidental findings of CACs. These patients were examined with carotid ultrasound for presence or absence of SCS and their medical background regarding atherosclerotic related diseases and risk factors was reviewed. An age and gender matched reference group was included for comparisons. Group B comprised patients with ultrasound verified SCS, examined with PR prior to carotid endarterectomy. The PRs were analysed regarding presence of CACs. The extirpated plaques were collected and examined with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to determine the amount of calcium. The radiographic appearance of CACs in PRs from Group A and B were evaluated for possible association with presence of SCS. In Group A, 8/117 (7%) of patients with CAC in PRs revealed SCS in the ultrasound examination, all were found in men (8/64 (12%)). Patients with CACs in PRs revealed a higher burden of atherosclerotic disease compared to participants in the reference group (p <0.001). In Group B, where all patients had SCS, 84% revealed CACs in PRs and 99% of the extirpated plaques revealed calcification. CACs with volumes varying between 1 and 509 mm3 were detected in the PRs. The variation in volume did not correlate to degree of carotid stenosis. The radiographic appearance that was most frequently seen in neck sides with SCS (65%) was also frequently found in neck sides without SCS (47%) and therefore the PPV did not improve compared to the PPV solely based on presence of CACs. CACs in PRs are more associated with SCS in men than in a general population and patients with CACs in PRs have a higher burden of atherosclerotic disease. The majority of patients with SCS show CACs in PRs and the majority of extirpated carotid plaques reveal calcification. The volume of CAC and specified radiographic appearance does not increase the PPV for SCS in patients with CACs in PRs. In conclusion patients with CACs in PRs, and without previous record of cardiovascular disease, should be advised to seek medical attention for screening of cardiovascular risk factors.
Bakgrund Inom ramen för specialist- och allmäntandvård utförs panoramaröntgen-undersökningar dagligen på såväl barn som vuxna. En panoramaröntgenbild (PB) är en översiktsbild som är specifikt anpassad till att återge området för tänder och käkar. Utöver det, avbildas även delar av halsen och som bifynd ibland förkalkningar belägna i området för halspulsådern (karotiskärlet). Dessa förkalkningar kallas för karotisförkalkningar och är ett tecken på åderförkalkning. Åderförkalkning består i huvudsak av en fettrik plackansamling i kärlväggen. Placket kan med tiden förkalkas till varierande grad. Det är dessa förkalkningar vi kan se i PB. När en åderförkalkning ökar i volym kan den utgöra en förträngning i kärlet. Då förträngningen av kärldiametern är ≥ 50% benämns åderförkalkningar belägna i karotiskärlet för ”signifikanta karotisstenoser” (SKS). Graden av förträngning bedöms som regel med ultraljudsundersökning av halskärlen. Bitar av SKS kan lossna varvid det bildas små blodproppar. Eftersom halspulsådern försörjer främre hjärnhalvan med blod så kan dessa bitar täppa till ett av hjärnans blodförsörjande kärl och leda till stroke (slaganfall). För att minska risken att drabbas av stroke kan man ibland operera bort SKS (karotisplacket). Syfte Syftet med denna avhandling var att ta reda på (1) hur många av de patienter som blir undersökta med PB inom tandvården som uppvisar karotisförkalkningar, hur stor andel som har SKS samt utreda om patienter med förkalkningar i PB i större utsträckning är drabbade av hjärtkärlsjukdomar/risk faktorer, (2) hur ofta utopererade karotisplack innehåller kalk och hur ofta patienter med känd SKS uppvisar karotisförkalkningar i PB, (3) huruvida förkalkningsmängden i utopererade karotisplack är korrelerad till förträngningsgrad, och (4) huruvida det finns något specifikt radiografiskt utseende på karotisförkalkningar i PB som kan användas för att identifiera en större andel patienter med SKS bland patienter som uppvisar karotisförkalkningar i PB, det vill säga minska risken för att skicka patienter utan SKS på ultraljudsundersökning. Material och metoder Materialet bestod av två huvudgrupper av patienter. Grupp A bestod av patienter undersökta inom tandvården med PB som uppvisat karotisförkalkningar. Alla dessa patienter undersöktes med ultraljud för att bedöma förekomst av SKS. Den medicinska journalen granskades avseende tidigare förekomst av åderförkalkningsrelaterade sjukdomar och risk faktorer. En köns- och åldersmatchad kontrollgrupp utan karotisförkalkningar i PB analyserades på motsvarande sätt för jämförelse. Grupp B bestod av patienter med känd SKS som före operativt avlägsnande av karotisplack undersöktes med PB. PB granskades avseende förekomst av karotisförkalkning och utopererade karotisplack avseende kalkinnehåll. Förkalkningsmängden i de utopererade karotisplacken korrelerades dels till möjlighet att identifiera karotisförkalkning i PB samt till förträngningsgraden i kärlen. Karotisförkalkningarnas utseende delades in i grupper för att utvärdera om vissa utseenden i större utsträckning kunde associeras till förekomst av SKS. Resultat I Grupp A uppvisade 8/117 (7%) patienter SKS, alla var män, 8/64 (12%). Patienter med karotisförkalkningar i PB hade oftare åderförkalkningsrelaterade sjukdomar och risk faktorer (p < 0,001). I Grupp B hade 84% av patienterna med SKS karotisförkalkning i PB. Bland de utopererade karotisplacken innehöll 99% förkalkningar och förkalkningsvolymen varierade från 1-509 mm3. Möjligheten att upptäcka karotisförkalkning i PB var oberoende av om förkalkningsvolymen var stor eller liten. Förkalkningsvolymen var heller inte korrelerad till hur stor förträngning av kärlet en SKS (≥ 50%) orsakat. Ett radiografiskt utseende på karotisförkalkningar i PB noterades i 65% av de halssidor som hade en SKS. Detta specifika radiografiska utseende återfanns dock även i 47% av halssidor utan SKS. Andelen falskt positiva patienter var således fortsatt hög. Slutsats Vi fann att 12% män med karotisförkalkningar i PB, undersökta i en generell population inom tandvården, uppvisar SKS. Patienter med karotisförkalkningar i PB uppvisar fler riskfaktorer och är oftare drabbade av hjärt-kärlsjukdomar än patienter utan karotisförkalkningar i PB. Majoriteten av patienter med SKS uppvisar karotisförkalkningar i PB och nära 100% av utopererade karotisplack innehåller kalk. Förkalkningsmängden påverkar inte möjligheten att upptäcka karotisförkalkning i PB. Förkalkningsmängd och specificerade radiografiska utseenden hos karotisförkalkningar i PB förutsäger inte SKS bättre än definitionen ”förkalkning ja eller nej”. Dessa parametrar kan således inte användas till att förfina urvalet bland patienter som uppvisar karotisförkalkning i PB mot högre andel patienter med SKS. Individer med karotisförkalkningar i PB bör uppmanas konsultera vården för undersökning av eventuella risk faktorer för hjärt-kärlsjukdom.
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Gift, Jason Ayres 1981. "Carotid collar : a device for auscultory detection of carotid artery stenosis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/16679.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2003.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 110-111).
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
The carotid collar is a hardware device designed to aid in detecting carotid artery stenosis, a disease that increases the risk of stroke. This device consists of three electronic stethoscopes that record heart and carotid artery sounds and an electrocardiograph. A software application, ccrec, was written to make the device easy to use by displaying real-time waveforms and storing the recorded signals in files for later analysis. The results of some preliminary tests of the device's ability to make accurate recordings, including the performance of the software and a test of the frequency response of the stethoscope sensors, are presented. The results suggest that this inexpensive device has considerable promise for rapid screening for carotid artery stenosis.
by Jason Ayres Gift.
M.Eng.
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Crawley, F. A. M. "Carotid artery stenosis : the role of angioplasty and surgery." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.598140.

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Dionisio, Kathie L. (Kathie Lynn). "Ex-vivo 3D assessment of carotid stenosis with ultrasound." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/32364.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2005.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 71-74).
Atherosclerosis causes heterogeneous remodeling of arterial structure and composition in the carotid vessel wall. It has been shown that the progression of the disease can be monitored by tracking changes in the carotid intima-media thickness (IMT). Non-invasive peripheral vascular ultrasound (U/S) of the carotid artery is a non-invasive, cost effective, accepted means of measuring IMT. Traditionally, evaluation of IMT in the carotid has been limited to 2D U/S scans. This method is disadvantageous as 2D scans are scan plane dependent, limiting the area over which one can evaluate the extent of the disease. Reproducing the identical scan plane on subsequent scans is also difficult. Evaluation of the carotid vessel wall in 3D will allow for a more complete and reproducible assessment of disease through IMT measurements. We have constructed a fully 3D image processing scheme for analyzing carotid U/S volumes to extract the inner and outer vessel wall boundaries. Sequences of 2D B-mode U/S cross sections of ex-vivo carotid specimens are collected and voxelized to create 3D U/S volumes. By applying a 3D directionally sensitive, edge preserving filter to the U/S volumes, we obtain 3D edge fields that are more distinct than traditional gradient edge fields. Initial point selection of the boundaries, together with these enhanced 3D edge fields, are used with a deformable surface to extract the final inner and outer vessel boundaries. Through intra- and inter-observer tests on IMT differences, we show that the 3D boundaries extracted using our automatic technique are more reproducible than boundaries extracted from manual point selection.
by Kathie L. Dionisio.
S.M.
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Gin, Ronald. "Numerical modelling of the carotid artery bifurcation with a mild stenosis." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0021/MQ58037.pdf.

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Miyachi, Shigeru, Takashi Izumi, Noriaki Matsubara, Osamu Hososhima, Yuko Tsurumi, and Arihito Tsurumi. "Virtual Histology Analysis of Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque: Plaque Composition at the Minimum Lumen Site and of the Entire Carotid Plaque." Wiley-Blackwell, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/17694.

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Balu, Niranjan. "Quantitative characterization of carotid arterial remodeling by high-resolution serial MRI /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8112.

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Books on the topic "Carotid stenosis"

1

Schaller, Bernhard J., ed. Imaging of Carotid Artery Stenosis. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-32509-4.

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Seemant, Chaturvedi, and Rothwell Peter M, eds. Carotid artery stenosis: Current and emerging treatments. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, 2005.

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Moussa, Issam. Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis: A Primer on Risk Stratification and Management. New York: Taylor & Francis Ltd., 2007.

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Jacqueline, Saw, ed. Handbook of complex percutaneous carotid intervention. Totowa, N.J: Humana Press, 2007.

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MD, Henry Michel, ed. Angioplasty and stenting of the carotid and supra-aortic trunks. London: Martin Dunitz, 2004.

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T, Meenan Richard, United States. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality., and Oregon Health & Science University. Evidence-based Practice Center., eds. Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of echocardiography and carotid imaging in the management of stroke. Rockville, MD: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2002.

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Thomas, Meenan Richard, United States. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality., and Oregon Health & Science University. Evidence-based Practice Center., eds. Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of echocardiography and carotid imaging in the management of stroke. Rockville, MD: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2002.

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Eugene, Zierler R., ed. Surgical management of cerebrovascular disease. New York: McGraw-Hill, Health Professions Division, 1995.

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Nadim, Al-Mubarak, ed. Carotid artery stenting: Current practice and techniques. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2004.

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E, Berry, National Co-ordinating Centre for HTA (Great Britain), and Health Technology Assessment Programme, eds. The cost-effectiveness of magnetic resonance angiography for carotid artery stenosis and peripheral vascular disease: A systematic review. Alton: Core Research on behalf of the NCCHTA, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Carotid stenosis"

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Abecassis, Isaac Josh, Christopher C. Young, Rajeev D. Sen, Cory M. Kelly, and Michael R. Levitt. "Radiation-Induced Stenosis." In Carotid Artery Disease, 113–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41138-1_8.

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Wozniak, Marcella, and Karen Yarbrough. "Carotid Artery Stenosis." In Stroke Essentials for Primary Care, 171–82. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-433-9_11.

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Friedewald, Vincent E. "Carotid Artery Stenosis." In Clinical Guide to Cardiovascular Disease, 547–56. London: Springer London, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-7293-2_39.

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Debus, E. Sebastian, and Reinhart T. Grundmann. "Extracranial Carotid Stenosis." In Evidence-based Therapy in Vascular Surgery, 1–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47148-8_1.

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Bailey, Ian, and Faisal Aziz. "Carotid Artery Stenosis." In Clinical Algorithms in General Surgery, 547–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98497-1_134.

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Haser, Paul B. "Carotid Artery Stenosis." In Atlas of Clinical Vascular Medicine, 16–17. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118618189.ch8.

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Gadodia, Gaurav. "Carotid Artery Stenosis." In Essential Interventional Radiology Review, 245–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84172-0_25.

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Pandele, G. "Carotid Stenosis." In Angioplasty and Stenting of Carotid and Supra-aortic Trunks, 443–48. CRC Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/9780203490891-62.

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"CAROTID ANGIOPLASTY." In Carotid Artery Stenosis, 28. CRC Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/9780203025970-6.

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"Management of Carotid Artery Disease: Carotid Endarterectomy for Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis." In Carotid Artery Stenosis, 253–68. CRC Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/9780203025970-53.

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Conference papers on the topic "Carotid stenosis"

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Albadawi, Muhamed, Yasser Abuouf, Shinichi Ookawara, and Mahmoud Ahmed. "Influence of Carotid Artery Stenosis Location on Lesion Progression Using Computational Fluid Dynamics." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-23451.

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Abstract Atherosclerosis is a major arterial disease characterized by the thickening of the arteries’ walls. The development of stenosis at the carotid bifurcation affects the local variations in blood flow dynamic factors. The carotid artery dynamic factors: including the wall shear stress (WSS), time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) and pressure gradient affect the rate of progression of the stenosis. It is essential to analyze the flow in three-dimensional reconstructed patient-specific geometries with realistic boundary conditions to estimate the blood flow dynamic factors. Hence, a three-dimensional comprehensive model is developed including the non-Newtonian blood flow under pulsatile flow conditions. The model is numerically simulated using computational fluid dynamics solvers along with the medical imaging to investigate the effect of stenosis locations on its progression. The numerically predicted blood flow dynamic factors are analyzed. It was found that the blood flow dynamic factors have the importance to influence the diagnosis and prediction of asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis progression. Based on results, the value of TAWSS at the stenosis in the stenotic Common Carotid Artery (CCA) is 46.68 Pa comparing to 19.24 Pa and 10.049 Pa in Internal Carotid Artery (ICA) and External Carotid Artery (ECA) respectively. Also, it was found that the maximum value of WSS in the healthy artery at the bifurcation with 3.829 Pa. However, in stenotic arteries the maximum value for WSS located at the stenosis throat which was found to be 102.158 Pa for CCA comparing to 46.859 Pa in ICA and 33.658 Pa in ECA.
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Lovald, Scott T., Tariq Khraishi, Juan C. Heinrich, Howard Yonas, and Christopher L. Taylor. "Three Dimensional Numerical Analysis of Flow Through the Human Carotid Bifurcation With Varying Degrees of Stenotic Plaque Formation." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-176444.

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The human carotid artery bifurcation is often affected by plaque and atherosclerotic formations. A high degree of stenosis due to plaque deposit in the carotid artery can significantly diminish blood flow to the brain [1]. For three decades, local flow anomalies such as flow separation, recirculation, low wall shear stress, and high local particle residence time are factors that have been implicated in the development of arterial diseases [3, 1]. Numerical analysis of flow through a stenotic carotid bifurcation provides insight into local flow dynamics and an assessment of the risks of particular modes and degrees of stenosis.
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De Beule, M., M. Conti, P. Mortier, D. Van Loo, P. Verdonck, F. Vermassen, P. Segers, F. Auricchio, and B. Verhegghe. "Finite Element Design of Nitinol Embolic Protection Filters Based on Parametric Modelling With PyFormex: A Feasibility Study." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-206595.

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The widespread acceptance of Carotid Artery Stenting (CAS) to treat a stenosed carotid vasculature and its effectiveness compared with its surgical counterpart, carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is still a matter of debate [1]. A major concern related to CAS is embolization distal to the site of treatment potentially leading to stroke or other severe neurological complications. Embolization associated with CAS is mainly due to the plaque debris and thrombi generated during the dilatation of the stenosis and stent positioning. Consequently, embolic protection filters have been developed to capture this released debris and they appear to have a significant favorable impact on the success of CAS [2,3]. Currently, several embolic filter designs are available on a rapidly growing dedicated market. However, some drawbacks such as filtering failure, inability to cross tortuous high-grade stenoses, malpositioning and vessel injury still remain and require further design improvement.
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Groen, Harald C., Lenette Simons, E. Marielle H. Bosboom, Frans van de Vosse, Anton F. W. van der Steen, Aad van der Lugt, Frank J. H. Gijsen, and Jolanda J. Wentzel. "MRI Based Quantification of Outflow Boundary Conditions for Computational Fluid Dynamics of Stenosed Human Carotid Arteries." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19160.

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Many studies have been performed to investigate the contribution of wall shear stress (WSS) to pathophysiological processes related to atherosclerosis (Groen, et al., 2007; Kaazempur-Mofrad, et al., 2004; Ku, et al., 1985). To investigate these relationships in stenosed human carotid arteries, accurate assessment of WSS is required. WSS can be calculated in vivo by coupling medical imaging and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). However, often patient specific in- and outflow information is unavailable. Therefore flow through the common (CCA), internal (ICA) and external (ECA) carotid artery needs to be estimated. Murray’s law (Murray, 1926) is often used for that purpose, but it is unclear whether this law holds for stenosed arteries. The goal of this study was to determine outflow boundary conditions for WSS calculations in stenosed carotid bifurcations. Therefore we first quantified the flow (Q) in carotid arteries with different degrees of area stenosis using phase-contrast MRI and determined an empirical relation between outflow-ratios and degree of area stenosis. Secondly we compared the estimated flow ratio based on Murray’s law to the ones measured by MRI. Finally we analyzed the influence of the outflow conditions on the calculated WSS using CFD.
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Vashisth, Sharda, Raman Yadav, and Ranjit Verma. "Computer based methods to analyze carotid stenosis." In 2017 International Conference on Computing and Communication Technologies for Smart Nation (IC3TSN). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ic3tsn.2017.8284489.

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Silva, Tibério Alves da, Ana Carolina Soares de Lira, Bárbara Letícia Barreto Ramos Aragão, and Luciana Karla, Dayanna Grazielle Maia Viana. "Carotid endarterectomy as the treatment of choice for clearing the internal carotid artery in transitional ischemic attacks." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.303.

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Introduction: TIAs are ischemia, caused by stenosis of the carotid and vertebral arteries. Those who have a TIA are at risk of ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction, with carotid endarterectomy being an intervention. Objective: To analyze the benefits of carotid endarterectomy using drugs. Methods: Literature review, in bases such as PUBMED, MEDLINE, descriptors: “Endarterectomy”, “Ischemic Attack”, with operator “AND” and “OR”. Those with two descriptors were selected in the summary and date between 2010-2020, English / Portuguese language, resulting in: 17 articles. Results: The internal carotid artery (ICA) is located in the neck as a branch of the common carotid artery, being one of its branches the middle cerebral artery (MCA), the main artery affected in strokes and TIAs. Thus, ACI ischemia causes a risk of thrombosis in MCA, the treatment of carotid stenosis requires drugs to prevent atheroma, as well as antiplatelet drugs to reduce embolic events¹. In some cases, carotid endarterectomy or carotid stent implantation is complementary. Therefore, patients with TIA or stroke, who have “transient, fluctuating or persistent unilateral motor weakness or speech disorder or eye symptoms”, should undergo endarterectomy if they have moderate-severe stenosis of the extracranial internal carotid artery in the first days of presentation². Thus, endarterectomy is the treatment of choice and stenting should only be offered to symptomatic patients. Conclusion: Therefore, endarterectomy has been shown to be safe for patients with internal carotid artery stenosis, indicating the prevalence in relation to the stent.
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Stampouli, D., M. R. Varley, C. F. Walshaw, A. P. Jones, R. W. Bury, and L. K. Shark. "Evaluation of Computer-Assisted Quantification of Carotid Stenosis." In International Conference on Medical Information Visualisation - BioMedical Visualisation (MediVis 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/medivis.2007.11.

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Li, Ai-Hsien, Ching-Sung Weng, Shu-Hsun Chu, Cheng Lung Su, and Yuan-Teh Lee. "Correlation of Facial Infrared Thermograph and Carotid Stenosis." In 2007 4th IEEE/EMBS International Summer School and Symposium on Medical Devices and Biosensors. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/issmdbs.2007.4338292.

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Torres, V., B. Pabon, M. Patiño, F. Pelaez, and J. Mutis. "P39 Endovascular treatment of arteriovenous malformation and carotid stenosis by direct carotid puncture simultaneously." In ESMINT Abstracts. BMA House, Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9JR: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/neurintsurg-2022-esmint.60.

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Righi, D., G. Ciuti, W. Dorigo, L. Forzoni, S. D'Onofrio, and P. Tortoli. "New non invasive Doppler technology for carotid stenosis assessment." In 2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/biocas.2013.6679685.

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Reports on the topic "Carotid stenosis"

1

Wu, Songlin, Chen Jia, Yu Zhang, Ran Wang, Ting Ma, Le Zhang, Changxi Ju, et al. Endarterectomy Versus Carotid Stenting for Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis: An overview of systematic reviews and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.2.0038.

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Li, Wenkui, Rong Deng, Li Li, Chuyue Wu, Lina Zhang, and Shengli Chen. Comparison of perioperative safety of carotid artery stenting and endarterectomy for the Treatment of Carotid Artery Stenosis: a meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.11.0149.

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Dimitrov, Svetoslav, Iliyan Petrov, Violeta Grudeva, Valentin Govedarski, Todor Zahariev, and Gencho Nachev. Assessment of Carotid Artery Stenosis – Comparative Anаlysis between Duplex Ultrasonography and CT Angiography. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, March 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2020.03.14.

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